WORLD: putin in China P.18 | NATION: THINK TANKS ABOUND P.24

VOL.57 NO.22 MAY 29, 2014 WWW.BJREVIEW.COM

ASIAN ACCORD hosts multilateral security forum to strengthen regional stability

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VOL.57 NO.22 MAY 29, 2014 CONTENTS

EDITOR’S DESK 02 Do As the Asians Do CULTURE 14 44 Saving Ancient Tibetan Calligraphy THIS WEEK COVER STORY An artist’s brush with local history COVER STORY FORUM WORLD 46 Should Recipes for Chinese 18 A Historic Deal Medicine Be Open? Natural gas links Sino-Russian interests Securing a New Concept Asian bonds deepen through ESSAY NATION security summit 48 Viet Nam’s No-Win Game 28 Decentralizing Power China and Viet Nam should stay Checking the power of local officials positive 30 Leaving in Peace Terminally ill patients find solace at a hospice NATION BUSINESS | 36 Unlocking the Stock Market P.24 Golden Age of Think Tanks Opening up China’s capital market A nationwide boost of brain power 38 Full-Pricing Autonomy Telecom operators need fresh competition BUSINESS 40 Market Watch P.34 | Maritime Prosperity Sino-ASEAN efforts extend to the sea

 WORLD P.20 | The Myth of the ‘Land Grab’ Addressing misperceptions ©2014 Beijing Review, all rights reserved. about Sino-African agribusiness

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President & Editor in Chief: Wang Gangyi Vice President: Qi Wengong Associate Editors in Chief: Li Jianguo, Huang Wei, Wang Yanjuan, Zhou Jianxiong, Ding Zhitao Assistant President: Li Zhenzhou Assistant Editor in Chief: Wa Chunfang Executive Editor: Ding Zhitao Do as the Asians Do

Assistant Executive Editors: Yao Bin, Zhang Zhiping, Zan Jifang Editorial Administrators: Zhang Xiaoli, Shi Bosen At a time when tensions loom over many the global economic recovery from the 2008 Opinion Editor: Zan Jifang World Editor: Yan Wei parts of Asia—from the lingering civil war financial crisis. The sustainable development Nation Editor: Yao Bin in Syria to simmering territorial disputes in of Asia, which accounts for about two thirds Business Editors: Yu Shujun, Lan Xinzhen Culture Editor: Liu Yunyun the South China Sea—leaders from the of the world’s population and one third of its Editorial Consultants: Joseph Halvorson, Kieran Pringle, Eric Daly 26-member Conference on Interaction total GDP, is a blessing to humanity. In this Staff Reporters: Tang Yuankai, Ding Ying, Ding Wenlei, Wang Jun, Li Li, and Confidence Building Measures in Asia sense, high credit should be given to the Yin Pumin, Pan Xiaoqiao, Yuan Yuan, Wang Hairong, Chen Ran, Liu Xinlian, Yu Yan, Yu Lintao, Zhou Xiaoyan, Bai Shi, Li Fangfang, Deng Yaqing, Ji Jing (CICA) produced a milestone declaration at a CICA. Representing the diversity of the vast Photo Editor: Wang Xiang recent summit in Shanghai. The declaration continent, the forum aims to facilitate Asia’s Photographer: Wei Yao highlighted their strong political will to work progress. On this platform, Asian countries Art: Li Shigong Art Director: Wang Yajuan together in an increasingly complex interna- can cash in on their diverse cultures and eco- Chief Designer: Cui Xiaodong tional environment. nomic resources to boost cooperation and Designer: Zhao Boyu Proofreading: Qin Wenli, Ma Xin The success of the summit may come dispute resolution. as a surprise to many. But the fact that CICA Of course, Asia is an open continent. It Distribution Director: Hu Keqiang Advertising Director: Yang Jincheng leaders were able to formulate a collective welcomes major global players, such as the Human Resources: Hou Jin response to common challenges is evidence United States. But as they get involved in the International Cooperation: Zhang Yajie that Asian countries remain committed to region, they must respect its realities and Marketing/PR Director: Pan Changqing Legal Counsel: Yue Cheng engaging in talks to solve their problems. traditions. The past years have seen numer- North America Bureau Moreover, they are eager to play a leading ous cases in which their pursuit of national Chief: Huang Wei role in regional affairs. security resulted in the destabilization of Deputy Chief: Xu Tao This growing willingness to collaborate is countries in Asia. The Iraq War is an obvious Tel/Fax: 1-201-792-0334 E-mail: [email protected] rooted in Asian countries’ shared aspirations case in point. Africa Bureau for peace and development. While redou- Unfortunately, such practices have Chief: Li Jianguo bling their efforts to rev up economic growth, yet to be cast aside. Despite claims it Africa Managing Editor: Francisco Little improve living standards and maintain social would not take sides on territorial rows Tel: 27-71-6132053 E-mail: [email protected] stability, they must cement bonds with one between China and some of its neighbors, Washington has openly supported its allies General Editorial Office another in pursuit of greater benefits. Take Tel: 86-10-68996252 China for instance. The rapidly emerging involved in the disputes, prompting many Fax: 86-10-68326628 economy is ready to share its opportunities Chinese analysts to caution against what English Edition Tel: 86-10-68996259 with neighbors, as evidenced by ambi- they perceive to be a return of the con- Advertising Department tious programs such as the New Silk Road tainment policy. This biased approach will Tel: 86-10-68998164 Economic Belt and the Maritime Silk Road of not help countries in the region resolve E-mail: [email protected] Distribution Department the 21st Century. At the same time, it needs their differences, but may instead dam- Tel: 86-10-68310644 their cooperation in addressing problems age mutual trust, heighten instability and E-mail: [email protected] such as terrorism, cross-border crime and eventually jeopardize its own interests. Published every Thursday by drug trafficking. 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2 BEIJING REVIEW MAY 29, 2014 http://www.bjreview.com THIS WEEK XINHUA BACK HOME Chinese workers evacuated from Viet Nam—where violent anti-China protests were underway— disembark at Haikou, capital of south China’s Province, on May 20. More than 3,500 evacuated workers arrived there after travelling 20 hours aboard four ships that were chartered by the Chinese Government.

http://www.bjreview.com MAY 29, 2014 BEIJING REVIEW 3 THIS WEEK SOCIETY GONG LEI computers in the United States carrying 563 phishing pages targeting Chinese websites that led to 14,000 phishing op- erations. In the same period, the center found 2,016 IP addresses in the United States had implanted backdoors in 1,754 Chinese websites, leading to 57,000 backdoor attacks. Hackers in the United States have attacked, infiltrated and tapped into Chinese networks belonging to the government, institutions, enterprises, universities and major communication networks. Activities have targeted Chinese leaders, ordinary citizens and mobile phone users. Windows 8 Ban China has announced that it will forbid the installation of Microsoft’s Windows 8 operating system (OS) on govern- ment computers, a move that looks to ensure computer security in the wake of Microsoft dropping support for Windows XP. Welcome Back All desktops, laptops and tablet Captain Xie Beizhen (front) and crew members Wang Minjuan (center) and Dong Chen walk out of the Moon Palace PCs that are purchased by state organs 1 capsule in Beijing on May 20, after spending 105 days in the closed lab. must use an OS other than Windows 8, It was China’s first manned test of theMoon Palace 1, a 500-cubic-meter module that is the country’s first according to an online statement by bio-regenerative life-support base, and also the world’s third largest. the Central Government Procurement During the experiment, the volunteers ate only laboratory-grown plants and insects. Center. The measure only targets com- puters used by government offices, organized medical efforts for treatment while the personal computer market is Urumqi Blast of the injured, said the statement. expected to stay unaffected. A terrorist attack in Urumqi, capital Witnesses who saw the two off- TRANSLATION Currently, most government of northwest China’s Uygur road vehicles drive into people from SEMINAR computers run Windows XP, which has Autonomous Region, left at least 31 the south end of the market. Explosives a 70-percent market share in China. dead and 94 injured on May 22, accord- were thrown before the vehicles ex- Wang Gangyi, Vice President of However, Microsoft ended support for ing to local authorities. the China International this 13-year-old system on April 8, citing ploded. Publishing Group, delivers a Two vehicles without license plates Many of the injured were elderly speech at the China Cultural safety concerns and appeals for do- broke through roadside fences and people who frequently visited the morn- Translation and mestically designed OS. China has also plowed into crowds at an open air mar- ing market, according to witnesses. Communication Seminar, held pledged to focus on the development ket at Park North Street near Renmin on May 16 at Beijing Language of its own OS, which is to be based on A business owner in the market told and Culture University Park at 7:50 a.m. and explosive devices that he heard a Linux. WEI YAO were set off, a statement issued by the dozen large explosions. regional government revealed. Subsidies for Women In response to the attack, Chinese Over 3.6 million Chinese women had President Xi Jinping pledged to severely Cyber Security received micro-financing worth 180 bil- punish terrorists and spare no efforts in Latest data from the National Computer lion yuan ($28.87 billion) by the end of maintaining stability. Network Emergency Response March, according to a statement issued Xi asked local authorities to solve Technical Team Coordination Center by the All-China Women’s Federation the case quickly, put the injured under of China (NCNERTTCC) showed that on May 16. proper care and offer condolences to from March 19 to May 18, a total of 2,077 Central and local government sub- the families of the victims. Trojan horse networks or botnet servers sidies contributed more than 12 billion All injured were rushed to hospitals. in the United States directly controlled yuan ($1.92 billion) to this financing. The regional government has launched 1.18 million host computers in China. China began issuing micro- an emergency response system and The NCNERTTCC found 135 host financing to women to encourage

4 BEIJING REVIEW MAY 29, 2014 http://www.bjreview.com THIS WEEK SUN ZHONGZHE entrepreneurship and poverty reduction in 2009. The loans have helped boost the economy in underdeveloped west- ern and rural regions, according to the federation. Tibetology Databases China will give importance to building research databases for Tibetology, according to the Fourth National Tibetology Coordination Meeting held in Beijing on May 17. The meeting is held every four years. Tibetology institutes will boost their efforts to build databases of Tibetologists, their work and relevant “China’s job policies, according to the meeting. market has Aside from the databases, proved to be Tibetologists will also conduct systematic studies on Tibet’s museum resilient despite archives, stone tablet inscriptions, the slowdown. Life in Another’s Shoes cultural relics, folk culture and Tibetan The country is Primary school students in Zaozhuang City, Province, wear blindfolds languages. to experience how people with vision impairments navigate on May 16. Since 1990, Since the last national meeting trying to achieve China has designated the third Sunday of May as National Day of Assisting Disabled coordinating Tibetology research in growth that can Persons. China was held in 2010, several major bring jobs and research projects have been carried out, including studies on the Buddhist ensure fairly full registered urban unemployment rate and can carry a crew of 30, according to canon, the history of Tibet, the history employment.” stood at 4.08 percent. an official with the Culture of Tibetan Buddhism and the environ- Xin Changxing, Vice The rate was 0.03 percentage points and Heritage Commission. ment and landscape of the Tibetan Minister of Human higher than at the end of last year. Underwater archaeology in China Plateau. Resources and Social In the first quarter, China’s economic has made great strides since the Security growth dipped to 7.4 percent, the lowest 1980s and there are now a number of

New Jobs  level since the third quarter of 2012. professional institutions and teams that China created 4.73 million jobs in work in the field. The lack of properly the first four months of 2014, slightly Underwater Vessel equipped vessels and ships has long more than the number created in the Testing of China’s first underwater been a problem. same period last year, figures from archaeological exploration vessel has This ship will continue testing in the Ministry of Human Resources and begun in Chongqing Municipality. Shanghai before sailing out to the Xisha Social Security showed on Wednesday. The 500-tonne, 56-meter ship has Islands in the South China Sea to com- At the end of March, the country’s a maximum displacement of 960 tons, mence operations. XINHUA

Close to the Past A visitor looks at a display in Yangzhou Museum in Province on May 18, which was International Museum Day. The number of museums registered in China reached 4,165 in 2013, up 299 from the previous year, according to newly released figures. According to a report released by the Ministry of Culture, China witnessed 637.77 million museum visits last year, 13.1 percent more than the previous year.

http://www.bjreview.com MAY 29, 2014 BEIJING REVIEW 5 THIS WEEK ECONOMY

levels, it said. Reform Priorities Solar Industry Enraged On February 14, the U.S. The National Development and Reform China’s photovoltaic (PV) industry is- International Trade Commission (USITC) Commission (NDRC) on May 20 sued a statement on May 21, opposing determined an affirmative indication released economic priorities for 2014 in the second U.S. anti-dumping and regarding injury to the U.S. industry WANG SONG a plan that has been approved by the countervailing duty investigations on as part of the new anti-dumping and State Council, the country’s cabinet. Chinese PV products. countervailing duty petitions against PV The NDRC said authorities will Representatives from the China products from the Chinese mainland cut red tape and slash items that need Chamber of Commerce for Import and and Taiwan. administrative approval. Export of Machinery and Electronic It was the second U.S. investigation China will continue to expand the Products, China Renewable Energy against Chinese PV products, counting scope of value-added tax (VAT) reform Industry Association, China PV Industry a similar probe in 2011, and it has seri- and move to regulate financing of local Alliance and major manufacturers ously affected the Chinese PV industry governments. including Yingli Solar and Trina Solar, and hindered the development of the A new mechanism of the yuan ex- pushed down a symbolic “wall of U.S. PV application market. change rate will be developed and the trade barriers” at a press conference in The U.S. Department of Commerce volatility of the rate increased. Capital Shanghai on May 21. is expected to release the preliminary account convertibility will expand in an The joint statement called for the countervailing duty investigation results orderly manner. United States and China to solve the on June 2 and the preliminary anti- Eligible private investors will be disputes through negotiations. dumping investigation results on July allowed to start financial institutions like Chinese PV products are well SCHEDULE ON 28, before releasing the final results on small or medium banks and invest in received the world over for their low TRACK December 11. The USITC will determine established ones. cost and efficiency, high quality and whether or not to levy taxes on January As prices are stable, China will comprehensive after-sales services, and A massive bridge, erected in Funiu Mountain, Province, 26, 2015. reform prices of resource products and the industry has no need whatsoever to is under construction. When in sectors including transportation, engage in activities involving dumping completed, it will make up part telecommunications, pharmaceuticals and illegal subsidies, according to the of a key expressway project, Partnering With and healthcare. statement. traversing mountainous areas in the province Russia State-owned enterprises will move Trade protectionism seriously A joint investment vehicle set up by toward mixed ownership through a hinders industrial development and will Chinese and Russian sovereign wealth cooperation mechanism between state affect the development of the U.S. real funds announced three deals on May and social capital. economy as well as its employment 20 in Shanghai that see it diversify into the service sectors of the two countries.

JUE GUO Nearly seven months after its $200-million deal to acquire a 42-per- cent stake in Russia’s second largest forestry company, the Russian-China Investment Fund (RCIF) is eyeing op- portunities to expand its investment into sectors such as logistics, healthcare and tourism, according to Kirill Dmitriev, co- CEO of RCIF. In addition, it will pursue projects in agriculture, energy and natural resources. Under the new deal, RCIF will part- ner with a Russian development fund to commit $400 million in both equity and debt for the construction of a cross- border railway bridge, the first to span across China’s border with Russia over River, also known as Amur River in Russia. The fund also joined Hopu Blue Skies for Transport Investment Management Co., a private A train runs on the Lhasa-Shigatse Railway in . As an extension of the -Tibet equity firm in China, in a deal to invest Railway, the line covers a length of 253 km. With a designed speed of 120 km hour, it will take no more than two an undisclosed amount into Global hours from Lhasa to Shigatse. Logistics Property, which operates

6 BEIJING REVIEW MAY 29, 2014 http://www.bjreview.com THIS WEEK CHEN YICHEN Social capital, particularly private investment, is welcomed and encour- aged to participate in the construction and operation of such facilities through joint ventures, wholly funded entities or franchise businesses, the NDRC said. The private sector accounted for 63 percent of fixed-asset investment last year, according to the NBS. Real Estate Fund The first real estate investment trust (REIT) fund in China’s domestic market started trading on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange on May 21, the Shanghai Securities News reported. CITIC Securities, the country’s largest brokerage firm, issued the fund product. REITs mainly invest in existing commercial properties and pay rent Silk Road Building Blocks collected from them as dividend. Containers line up neatly in Lianyungang Port of east coastal Jiangsu Province. They are prohibited from investing On May 19, phase one of the China-Kazakhstan logistics cooperation base was commenced to boost the Silk in property development projects and Road economic belt. turning into a fundraising channel for The project is jointly funded by Lianyungang Port and the Kazakhstan Railway Express Logistics Co., with a total developers, according to the report. investment of 606 million yuan ($97 million). The fund product offers an invest- ment alternative in the capital market and is expected to help Chinese inves- logistic infrastructures in China, Japan ping the most of the 70 cities, down by tors to diversify their portfolio, said and Brazil. 0.7 percent from March. analysts. Dmitriev said the motive behind the For existing homes, 22 cities deal is to acquire expertise in logistics saw month-on-month declines with management, which will be useful Hangzhou also dropping the most, by More Outlets in China when Russia develops its own logistics MAKING A 0.8 percent. Walmart Stores, the world’s largest projects in the future. Prices for existing homes increased supermarket chain, announced on May COMEBACK in 35 cities month on month in April, 20 that it will build about 30 new stores Home Prices Drop A farmer operates a rice notably down from 42 cities in March and more distribution centers in China transplanter in Luobei County, and from 46 in February. this year. China’s property sector showed new Heilongjiang Province, which The U.S. retailer said it will continue signs of cooling in April, with more was struck by catastrophic to develop businesses in the country’s flooding in 2013 Chinese cities reporting month-on- Diversifying Financing big cities. And more supercenters will month drops in prices and fewer cities The NDRC has invited social capital to be built in third- and fourth-tier cities reporting gains, data from the National invest in a list of 80 projects, the latest to serve emerging consumers amid Bureau of Statistics (NBS) showed on step in bringing private funds to infra- China’s urbanization drive. May 18. structure investment. Walmart also plans to open two Of a statistical pool of 70 major It is also an attempt to inject vitality new branches of its Sam’s Club chain Chinese cities, new homes in eight cities into the economy. of membership-only retail warehouses, saw month-on-month price declines in The list covers construction and in Wuhan of central China’s April, double of the figure from March. operation of railways, roads, harbors, Province and Changzhou in east China’s A total of 44 cities saw month-on- wind power stations and oil pipelines. Jiangsu Province, this year. month price gains in new home prices Opening these sectors to social capital The retailer also decided to invest in April, down from 56 for March and 57 will speed up changes of investment 580 million yuan ($94 million) to for February. Among the 44 cities with and financing regimes and diversify upgrade about 55 old outlets, aiming rising new home prices, growth deceler- investment sources. Most of the indus- to improve operating performance and ated in 31 cities. tries used to be dominated by state the customer experience. Hangzhou, east China’s capital and were off-limits to private and By the end of April, it had over 400 Province, saw its new home price drop- foreign investors. outlets in the country.

http://www.bjreview.com MAY 29, 2014 BEIJING REVIEW 7 THIS WEEKWORLD XINHUA/AFP

 

THAILAND PERU Soldiers patrol the streets of Bangkok on May 22, the day Thai Army Commander in Chief Customs officials show part of the 70,000 General Prayuth Chan-ocha declared a coup counterfeit dollars hidden in children’s books following months of deadly political turmoil bound for New York City on May 15 at an international airport on the outskirts of Lima XINHUA/AFP  BRITAIN A British model presents a dress made with Vanda heads at the Chelsea Flower Show in London on May 19

8 BEIJING REVIEW MAY 29, 2014 http://www.bjreview.com  SOUTH KOREA South Korean President Park Geun Hye bows during a televised address to the nation in Seoul on May 19. Park took tearful responsibility for the mishandling of last month’s ferry disaster, in which more than 280 people drowned XINHUA/AFP XINHUA/AFP XINHUA/AFP JIA YUCHEN  ARGENTINA A photo released on May 17 shows technicians working in the area where fossils of a dinosaur—likely to be the largest ever to roam the Earth—were found in south Argentina’s Chubut Province

RUSSIA Rescuers work at the site of a collision between cargo and passenger trains near the Bekasovo station, about 70 km southwest of Moscow, on May 20 http://www.bjreview.com MAY 29, 2014 BEIJING REVIEW 9 THIS WEEKPEOPLE & POINTS

 Rising Star

Chinese hurdler Xie Wenjun stunned a star-studded track by winning the men’s 110-meter hurdles with a personal best of 13.23 seconds at the 2014 Diamond League Shanghai meet on May 18. He finished third in the last Shanghai meet in 2013. Care for the Elderly Xie, 23, claimed his second International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) event title in less than a week when he Oriental Outlook clocked 13.31 seconds at the 2014 IAAF World Challenge Beijing May 22 on May 21. China already had more than 200 million Xie has been guided by the same coach as China’s star hurdler elderly people over the age of 60 by 2013. Liu Xiang, an Olympic Gold medalist and World Champion. Xie As a solution to cope with the aging prob- made it to the semi-finals of the 110-meter hurdles in the London lem in Chinese society, home-based care Olympic Games in 2012. service has been proposed as the funda- mental strategy. The concept of “home-based care” was first proposed in China in 2001 and more Doctor-Patient Relations than a decade has passed since such service South Reviews centers were first set up in some locations. Despite the country’s huge financial May 21 inputs and policy assistance, the home- After more than a decade’s deterioration in the medical and health care based care services are still struggling. The sectors owing to their overly market-oriented development, patients are fundamental reason for this is that compared faced with difficulty in accessing medical services at hospitals, while doc- with institutions specialized in taking care of tors are finding their image in society is on the decline. the elderly, when old people are scattered The past few decades have seen a downturn in the relationship in communities, the task of accurately as- between doctors and patients. As for how to rebuild affinity between the sessing and aggregating their detailed needs two sides, there are many proposals: public hospitals should be act as and demands is not an easy one. Therefore, providers of public welfare, doctors should be guaranteed decent salaries, it’s important to make clear these people’s medical resources should be more evenly distributed to community hospitals, the mechanism of demands before the problem is effectively dispute settlement should be made more reliable. tackled. The uneven distribution of medical resources is the first factor to be blamed. Hospitals are criti- Caretakers play a big role in home-based cized for subsidizing their medical services with overly expensive drug prescriptions. care service, but there is a major shortage of The most important subject for a tangible reform may be: how to set up a mechanism where such workers. Most of the well-trained and patients’ medical requirements can be swiftly met with no patient feeling that they have been aban- experienced workers are working in institu- doned. tions dedicated to taking care of the elderly. Under this mechanism, doctors are provided with decent salaries and enjoy a high standard of Those who are serving the elderly at home living. As a result, patients will not feel that they are being exploited by their doctors. are mostly migrant people or laid-off workers, Doctors are supposed to treat their patients as they do their own children, and in this case, doc- with little professional experience or training, tors will, in return, receive respect of the highest level from the whole of society. This is what we are expecting to see and we believe this day will eventually come.

“Tibetan Buddhism puts a lot of “Talking from the perspective of a emphasis on cherishing life. Whatever producer, I believe that the core role of the motives, self-immolation and playwrights in creating soap operas will teaching others to set themselves on be recognized in China after we fire are against Buddhist teachings.” introduce the system in Hollywood.” Jin Tao, a director of many successful TV series in China Li Decheng, Director of the Religion Institute of China Tibetology Research Center, criticizing the Dalai Lama’s partial approval of self-immolation during his recent remarks at a forum in Norway

10 BEIJING REVIEW MAY 29, 2014 http://www.bjreview.com THIS WEEK

The aging urban drainage networks City Drainage Networks and their outdated design are always People.com.cn blamed for the floods. However, this time, in the modern city of Shenzhen, where it May 13 is presumed that the “aging problem” is Recently, heavy rainstorms hit south China. In impossible, the same problem has been Shenzhen of Province, the stron- discovered. gest rainstorm seen in the past six years caused In March, heavy rain caused sinkholes flooding throughout in the city, leading to an to appear, an incident that occurred in almost total gridlock of the city’s transportation Shenzhen 10 times in 2013 alone. The main network. reason given was once again the aging drain- The result of an investigation done by age network. This makes a city especially the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural vulnerable to extreme weather. Development in 2011 revealed that during Compared with the quick pace of urban 2008 and 2010, rainstorms caused flooding in expansion, climate change and the frequen- 62 percent of the 351 cities that were surveyed. cy of extreme weather, the pace of updating In 2012, a rainstorm in Beijing in mid-July re- and expanding the drainage networks is left sulted in 79 deaths. far behind. while a stable source of volunteers does  Top Scientist not yet exist. Even if volunteers are willing to do the job, they are not professionals. Chinese search giant Baidu has hired Andrew Ng, a noted Addressing the issue of how to devel- artificial intelligence researcher and co-founder of online education op the country’s elder care industry should startup Coursera, to be its chief scientist, according to the company’s rightfully be based on the demands of old announcement on May 16. Ng will help to build out a new artificial- people. A better understanding of their real intelligence research lab that Baidu has opened in Silicon Valley. needs will help businesses to make invest- Ng works on deep learning as an associate professor at Stanford ments in the proper areas and also aid the and created the Google Brain team, which is most famous for creating government in formulating appropriate a program that allowed computers to learn to identify cats in videos. policies. Home-based care service is a Ng started Coursera, which offers university courses online, in response made to the current conditions 2012. He said that he will continue to be Coursera’s chairman and “re- experienced by China’s elderly. It will serve main deeply involved in company strategy.” as a guide for policy design and relevant The 38-year-old Chinese American scientist grew up in Hong industry development. Kong and Singapore and received his PhD from University of California, Berkeley, in 2002.

“A total of 12 million tons of grain, “The lack of well-nurtured talent has valued at more than 20 billion yuan become a stumbling block for creative ($3.22 billion), is polluted by heavy industries in China, which is what makes metals each year. This is enough this program so necessary.” grain to support a population of Yang Zhiyong, Secretary General of the China Creative Industry Alliance, which initiated a national training program more than 40 million.” aimed at developing China’s creative industries by Zhu Yi, an associate professor of the College of cultivating talented people and helping them start Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China businesses, on May 18 Agricultural University

http://www.bjreview.com MAY 29, 2014 BEIJING REVIEW 11 12 BEIJING REVIEW MAY 29, 2014 http://www.bjreview.com http://www.bjreview.com MAY 29, 2014 BEIJING REVIEW 13 COVER STORY SECURING A NEW CONCEPT China presents a fresh vision of regional security at Asian cooperation summit By Yu Lintao

14 BEIJING REVIEW MAY 29, 2014 http://www.bjreview.com sia appears to be ushering in officials from 46 countries and international the first real security platform organizations. involving nearly the whole re- At the summit, Chinese President Xi Jinping gion. Although the Conference expounded a new concept of security in Asia, on Interaction and Confidence proposing to advocate common, comprehen- BuildingA Measures in Asia (CICA) has been in sive, cooperative and sustainable security. Xi SECURING A NEW CONCEPT existence for more than 20 years, its fourth stated that “security problems in Asia should summit recently held in Shanghai attracted be solved by Asians themselves who are able extraordinary attention worldwide with the to achieve regional peace and stability through unprecedented participation of leaders and cooperation.” s s MA ZHANCHENG

SECURITY MEETING: World leaders and representatives attending the Fourth Summit of the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia pose for a group photo in Shanghai on May 21

http://www.bjreview.com MAY 29, 2014 BEIJING REVIEW 15 PANG XINGLEI

Observers said the latest summit re- minds the world that Asia is not only a dynamic continent with thriving economic growth but also rife with simmering tensions, demanding regional security cooperation architecture for which CICA can act as an effective platform. They added that China’s recent series of diplomatic moves show that as both an economic and political power, the nation has become more active in the world arena under its new leadership. A relevant concept Observers claimed that the establishment of a new type of security concept in Asia is the chief challenge under the current regional security situation. With the rapid economic growth of the region, the security dilemma of Asia is also a growing issue. From the Syrian crisis to ASIAN ORATORY: Chinese President Xi Jinping speaks at the CICA Summit in Shanghai on May 21 the Israeli-Palestinian feud; from the South China Sea disputes to the nuclear issues on it is necessary to equip the CICA with a more Li Xin, Director of the Center for Russian the Korean Peninsula and in Iran; from con- extensive platform for security cooperation to and Central Asian Studies at the Shanghai ventional security issues to non-traditional reduce risks. Institutes for International Studies (SIIS), ones such as terrorism, extremism and cross- Yang Jin, a researcher on international noted that China believes the worsening border crimes. Asia is confronted with a slew security with the Chinese Academy of Social regional security situation is affecting its de- of threats to safety and stability. The security Sciences (CASS), echoed Rahman’s viewpoint. velopment. Thus, China needs to contribute problems are increasingly impeding the devel- Yang told Beijing Review that the United its own efforts to cultivate a peaceful and opment of the region. States’ rebalancing strategy in the Asia- stable environment for development. “Compared with its booming economy, Pacific has further complicated the situation security cooperation is no doubt the short slab in the region, sending wrong signals to coun- of Asia. So far, there is no real pan-Asian security tries like Japan and the Philippines that have Cooperation over alliance cooperation mechanism,” said Shi Ze, a senior led to antagonism. These countries tend to In his keynote speech at the CICA Summit, research fellow with the China Institute of neglect diplomatic efforts as they believe President Xi proposed making the CICA a se- International Studies (CIIS). they can rely on their alliance with the super- curity dialogue and cooperation platform that Shi said the current security challenges fac- power to bolster their territorial and maritime covers the whole of Asia. ing Asia are all-round and multi-layered—some claims. Xi said, “No country should seek absolute are left over from history, some stem from “The complicated traditional territorial dis- security of itself at the expense of others... modern geopolitical rivalries and some are even putes and non-traditional security problems in We cannot just have security for one or a few caused by interference from outside powers. He Asia have made security issues a core concern countries while leaving the rest insecure. A claimed that only common security can help to of all regional parties,” said Yang. military alliance which is targeted at a third break the security dilemma of the region, thus According to Yang, the security concept party is not conducive to common regional requiring a new security concept of Asia featur- was first raised by China in 1995 during meet- security.” ing commonality, comprehensiveness and ings with Southeast Asian countries. Although the Cold War ended more than cooperation in order to serve the interests of all In addition, Yang said, many security 20 years ago, the Cold War mentality has not regional countries. issues of Asia actually have not been de- diminished along with it. The traditional secu- In an interview with Shanghai-based cided by Asians since the collapse of the rity concept emphasizes confrontation and Oriental Morning Post, Fazal Rahman, bipolar system at the end of last century. alliances such as NATO and Washington’s Director of Pakistani think tank Strategic For instance, the Iraq wars, the situation in relationships with Japan, Australia and the Studies Institute Islamabad, said the rapidly Afghanistan, the Iran and Korean Peninsula Philippines. These traditional alliance systems developing Asia is facing multiple challenges; nuclear issues are all dominated by powers are all characterized by Cold War thinking meanwhile, the “pivot to Asia” strategy of outside the region. and exclusiveness. the United States has further complicated The new security concept, which proposes Qu Xing, President of the CIIS, said in sharp regional security. that Asian security problems eventually be contrast to the decades-old security scheme Rahman said that with Washington’s “pivot solved by Asians, conforms to the common in- based on the Cold War mentality, the new con- to Asia,” an alarming kind of quasi-Cold War terests of Asia and reflects the demand of Asian cept addresses Asia’s unique challenges shaped and quasi-alliance mindset is on the rise in Asia. people for international political democracy, by its historical grievances, current tensions and Under such circumstances, Rahman claimed said Yang. potential risks.

16 BEIJING REVIEW MAY 29, 2014 http://www.bjreview.com “The new security concept proposed by Xi is keeping pace with the times,” said Yang. “One  Highlights of the Shanghai Declaration cannot deal with the security problems in the 21st century with the outdated thinking of the In a declaration issued on May 21 following the two-day CICA Summit in Shanghai, CICA Cold War and zero-sum games.” members: Yang also noted that as the new security —acknowledged that they share common interests and security concerns, agreeing that concept stresses cooperation, it does not no country can stay immune in the face of security problems exclude other countries outside the region, —reiterated the collective desire of all countries to carry forward the spirit of solidarity, including the United States. Asia welcomes cooperation and mutual assistance, respect each other’s sovereignty, and seek common the United States, which is an observer of development and progress the CICA, to play a positive role in Asian secu- —pledged that no state should strengthen its security at the expense of other states’ rity issues. security, emphasizing that no state, group of states or organization can have pre-eminent In interviews with Chinese media, Azimova responsibility for maintaining peace and stability Sarvaroy, Deputy Director of the National —resolved to respect each other’s sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity as Information Agency of Tajikistan, said he agrees well as the inviolability of internationally recognized borders, and to refrain from the threat or with Xi’s judgment that peace, development use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state in any manner and mutually beneficial cooperation are the inconsistent with the principles and purposes of the UN Charter main trends in the region. Jointly building a —agreed to uphold the resolution of disputes by peaceful means, and not to interfere in shared and win-win road for Asian security is the internal affairs of states, rejecting the use of double standards in international affairs necessary, he added. —vowed to advance extensive dialogues across cultures, civilizations and faiths, as well as Lee Young Ju, Director of South Korea’s to promote regional connectivity through people-to-people contacts China Political, Economic and Cultural (Source: Xinhua News Agency) Academy, told the media that the “common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustain- able” Asian security concept, proposed by Xi,  CICA Roster fits with the times while meeting the com- mon interests of countries in Asia. It reflects Member states: Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Egypt, the Asian awareness, as it considers the de- India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Palestine, Qatar, mands of various countries in Asia and bears Republic of Korea, Russia, Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan and a practical significance for the settlement Viet Nam of hotspot issues in the region, including Observer states: Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Ukraine and the nuclear issues. United States Observers noted that although one meet- Observer organizations: UN, Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, ing or a new concept by itself cannot be the League of Arab States and Parliamentary Assembly of the Turkic Speaking Countries answer to all questions, the CICA Summit (Source: www.s-cica.org) showed that Asian countries have the intention to seek consensus on Asian security with the release of a joint declaration. “The effect of the CICA consensus cannot Century Maritime Silk Road strategies China Yang of the CASS said that the final declara- be immediate, but it is very possible that Asian recently raised. The two initiatives have become tion reached at the CICA Summit shows that countries will take quick action to jointly fight an important driving force for economic coop- the event has been successful. against terrorism,” said Yang. eration among CICA members. The CICA has provided an important op- Observers said the new security concept portunity for China to promote multilateral for the continent would also be helpful in accel- diplomacy at home, Yang added. erating economic development, reducing the Assuming a larger role In addition to the CICA Summit, China will gap between the rich and the poor and making The Shanghai summit is the first CICA leaders’ host the APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in people prosperous and countries strong. meeting China has held. Analysts claimed that November in Beijing. Qu of the CIIS noted that all parties have the event hints that China is ushering in a new Yang said, “We have noticed the new applauded the idea of creating lasting secu- stage of diplomacy. changes of China’s diplomacy. Under the rity through sustainable development, which “China has successfully hosted several large new generation of leadership, China is be- President Xi stressed in his speech. The idea international forums on the economy before, coming more active diplomatically and is also provides a framework under which Asia can but never such a large-scale security forum, more willing to increase its voice on the aspire to its revival based on economic prosper- which doesn’t match China’s position as the world stage.” n ity, stability and cooperation. world’s second largest economy,” said Li. Li of the SIIS claimed that the new security Li added that as the largest regional eco- concept on Asia can provide opportunities for nomic power in Asia, China’s actions should promoting regional economic cooperation. match its new status, including assuming larger Li said the theme of the CICA highly match- responsibility for promoting regional security es the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st and development. [email protected] http://www.bjreview.com MAY 29, 2014 BEIJING REVIEW 17