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Oil Transport from the Russian Part of the Barents Region 2015 Status Report

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Oil Transport from the Russian Part of the Barents Region 2015 Status Report Oil transport from the Russian part of the Barents Region 2015 status report Alexei Bambulyak Bjørn Frantzen Rune Rautio Oil transport from the Russian part of the Barents Region 2015 status report Alexei Bambulyak Bjørn Frantzen Rune Rautio © Gazprom Neft Shelf © The Norwegian Barents Secretariat © Akvaplan-niva AS Oil transport from the Russian part of the Barents Region. 2015 status report The authors, Alexei Bambulyak, Bjørn Frantzen and Rune Rautio, have been working for more than 20 years on environmental, research and business cooperation in the Barents Euro-Arctic Region with special emphasis on Russia. Frantzen led the Norwegian Polar Institute in Svalbard, Rautio was an adviser for economy development and infrastructure in the Norwegian Barents Secretariat, and Bambulyak was a project manager at the Karelian Information Barents Centre. From 1997 to 2005, Bambulyak and Frantzen worked together at Svanhovd Environmental Centre (now, NIBIO Svanhovd) leading the Barents Council Environmental Management Programme for the Murmansk Region (EMP-Murmansk), and facilitating environmental capacity building projects in Northwest Russia. In 2003, they published the first in series status report “Oil transport from the Russian part of the Barents Region”. Now, Bjørn Frantzen is a project manager at NIBIO Svanhovd; Rune Rautio is a department manager Finnmark at Akvaplan-niva, and Alexei Bambulyak is a region manager Russia & Eastern Europe at Akvaplan-niva and a PhD candidate at NTNU. Authors and their companies have for many years closely collaborated with the Norwegian Barents Secretariat and been focused on the environmental aspect related to development of oil-and-gas industry in the Arctic regions. Bambulyak, Frantzen and Rautio have published a number of reports, articles and papers on Arctic marine shipping, oil-and-gas transportation, environmental impact assessment, oil pollution prevention issues. Authors have personally visited many of the sites described in this report, had meetings with environmental authorities, oil-and-gas and transport companies working in the region. The report also presents their experience undertaken in this sphere. The Norwegian Barents Secretariat serves the Norwegian-Russian relations in the north and provides grants to projects. The Barents Secretariat in Kirkenes, Norway was established in the aftermath of the signing of the Kirkenes Declaration in 1993. Today, the primary task of the Barents Secretariat is to assist the Barents Regional Council, Norwegian Authorities and other major regional structures. The Secretariat has an www.barents.no extensive network of contacts and cooperates closely with EU institutions and international organisations. The Secretariat has information centres in Russia – in Arkhangelsk, Murmansk, and Naryan-Mar. Akvaplan-niva AS is a research and consultancy company in the NIVA group, Norwegian Institute for Water Research. Akvaplan-niva provides a wide range of services in environment and aquaculture to companies, authorities, non-governmental organisations and other customers worldwide. Akvaplan-niva has been working in Russia since the late 1980s, and developed an extensive network with Russian research www.akvaplan.niva.no and environmental institutes, authorities and business companies. In 2006, Akvaplan- niva established a subsidiary in Murmansk, Akvaplan-niva Barents. NIBIO, the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, is a leading national centre for development of knowledge in bioeconomics. NIBIO was established in 2015 as a merger between the Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research (Bioforsk), the Norwegian Agricultural Economics Research and the Norwegian Forest and landscape Institute. NIBIO Svanhovd works with issues related to natural www.nibio.no resources, environment and agriculture in the Barents Region, as well as Norwegian- Russian environmental co-operation. The report can be ordered from the Norwegian Barents Secretariat or Akvaplan-niva. Electronic version is available and distributed for free. ISBN: 978-82-449-0071-3 Front page: Recommended citation: 1 © Rosatomflot Bambulyak, A., Frantzen, B. and Rautio, R. (2015) Oil 2 © Norterminal transport from the Russian part of the Barents Region. 2015 3 © Gazprom Neft Shelf 4 © Ust-Luga status report. The Norwegian Barents Secretariat and 5 © Bashneft Akvaplan-niva, Norway. – 105 pages. 2 Oil transport from the Russian part of the Barents Region. 2015 status report Contents: 1 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................................................... 5 2 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................... 6 3 OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 8 3.1 OIL AND GAS RESOURCES OF RUSSIA .................................................................................................................... 8 3.1.1 HYDROCARBON RESOURCES OF THE CONTINENTAL SHELF ................................................................... 10 3.1.2 OIL AND GAS RESERVES IN THE RUSSIAN PART OF THE BARENTS REGION ....................................... 12 3.2 OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 15 3.2.1 OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION IN THE RUSSIAN PART OF THE BARENTS REGION ................................ 17 3.3 OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION PLANS ...................................................................................................................... 17 3.3.1 OIL PRODUCTION PLANS IN THE RUSSIAN PART OF THE BARENTS REGION ..................................... 18 3.3.2 OIL PRODUCTION PROSPECTS FOR THE RUSSIAN WESTERN ARCTIC SHELF ..................................... 19 3.3.3 GAS PRODUCTION PROSPECTS FOR THE RUSSIAN WESTERN ARCTIC SHELF .................................... 21 3.4 OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY IN NORWAY ................................................................................................................. 25 4 OIL AND GAS TRANSPORT ............................................................................................................................................ 28 4.1 TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN RUSSIA ............................................................................................................................. 29 4.1.1 RAILWAYS ................................................................................................................................................................ 32 4.1.2 INLAND WATER-WAYS ........................................................................................................................................ 36 4.1.3 SEA TRANSPORTATION ....................................................................................................................................... 37 4.1.4 TRUNK PIPELINES .................................................................................................................................................. 45 4.2 OIL TRANSPORTATION ROUTES IN THE BARENTS REGION ........................................................................ 49 4.2.1 THE LAPTEV SEA .................................................................................................................................................... 51 4.2.2 THE KARA SEA ........................................................................................................................................................ 52 4.2.3 THE PECHORA SEA ................................................................................................................................................ 57 4.2.4 THE WHITE SEA ....................................................................................................................................................... 64 4.2.5 THE BARENTS SEA, RUSSIA ................................................................................................................................. 71 4.2.6 THE BARENTS SEA, NORWAY ............................................................................................................................ 79 3 Oil transport from the Russian part of the Barents Region. 2015 status report 5 ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY........................................................................................................................................... 87 5.1 VESSEL TRAFFIC MONITORING SYSTEM .............................................................................................................. 87 5.1.1 VESSEL TRAFFIC SERVICES IN NORTHERN NORWAY .................................................................................. 87 5.1.2 BARENTS SHIP REPORTING SYSTEM .................................................................................................................. 89 5.1.3 NEW SALVAGE FLEET FOR RUSSIA .................................................................................................................... 89 5.1.4 NORWEGIAN–RUSSIAN COOPERATION IN MARITIME SAFETY AND OIL SPILL RESPONSE ............ 90 5.2 OIL SPILL RESPONSE AND WILDLIFE PROTECTION ......................................................................................... 91 5.2.1 MINOR OIL SPILL – MAJOR SEABIRD
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