DOCSLIB.ORG

PLOT AGAINST HITLER Eduard Roth

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PLOT AGAINST HITLER Eduard Roth 15 October 2012 PLOT AGAINST HITLER (Atomic fantasy in 2 acts) All characters are invented. Any similarity with historical events is purely incidental. Eduard Roth 1 . 2 ACT I: THE WAR YEARS Main characters WERNER HEISENBERG: German physicist NIELS BOHR: Danish physicist ALBRECHT SPEER: German minister for armament KURT DIEBNER: Phycisist in charge of the nazi atomic program HENDRIK CASIMIR: Dutch physicist ROBERT OPPENHEIMER: Physicist in charge of american atomic program ROBERT SERBER: collaborator of Oppenheimer HANS BETHE: collaborator of Oppenheimer GENERAL GROVES: general in charge of american atomic program MERKADA: Argentinian physicist working in the nazi atomic program HORST KORSCHING: collaborator of Heisenberg GENERAL BECK: German general in charge of the plot against Hitler COUNT STAUFFENBERG: German colonel in charge of killing Hitler GENERAL VON KLUGE: Commander of german armies in France GENERAL VON STUPNAGEL:¨ collaborator of the former COLONEL VON HOFACKER: collaborator of the former PAUL SCHERRER: Swiss physicist CIA AGENT: member of the american secret services GREGOR WENTZEL: German physicist 3 Scene 1 - Copenhaguen - 15 september 1941, morning - Seminar room of Niels Bohr Institute (full of hidden microphones) - Present: Heisenberg and audience. Heisenberg: Alone in Copenhaguen and far from dark zipped eyes, I weep in my outcast state and curse my fate. I wish I could be like you, with friends possess’d and from dark earth I sing this hymn at heaven: If west would join anzip And Russia could defeat Anzip would plot against nazip Forces of the west unite And with anzip collaborate Audience: Heisenberg, you dont know what you are saying ! You are totally crazy ! You are the victim of the nazi madness ! Heisenberg: I am anzip. Audience: Nazi ! Traitor ! Note: nazip=nazi, anzip=antinazi, zip=svastica. Heisenberg wants to re- move Hitler from power and make an alliance between a democratic Germany and western countries against Russia. Scene 2 - Copenhaguen - 15 september 1941, afternoon - Close to Bohr’s house - Present: Heisenberg and Bohr. Heisenberg: Niels, look at this plot. We are designing at Dahlem a uranium reactor with heavy water. Bohr: Werner, I dont want to know anything about it. Heisenberg: Just take a look. Bohr: Werner, you already destroyed France, Holland, the Balkans. Now you want to destroy Russia ! And what then, the whole world ? Heisenberg: You should take a look and deliver the plot to your foreign friends. 4 Bohr: Werner, you are mad ! mad ! Note: Heisenberg wants to contact the Allies and make a deal: he will only de- velop a uranium reactor but the Allies must not attack Germany with atomic bombs, in case they succeed to fabricate them. Niels Bohr rejects the project of Heisenberg because the deal implies an alliance against Russia, and Bohr is very left-wing oriented. The invasion of Russia started in june 1941. The Americans will enter the war in december 1941. Scene 3 - Berlin, Reich Chancellery, Wilhelmst. - February 1942 - Present: Speer, Heisenberg and Diebner. Heisenberg: There are two uranium isotopes, 238 and 235. The first is abso- lutely dominant nowadays but it used not to be so in the past. The second is nowadays scarce. However, if a critical mass of 235 is achieved, it can produce an enormous explosion and destroy a large town. Speer: How much 235 is required ? Heisenberg: Only a very small and well determined quantity. Speer: So we go ahead. Which name for the project ? Heisenberg: Uranverein. Note: Heisenberg wants money to construct a reactor (he calls it an ’engine’), but tries to sell it to the minister of armement as a bomb to get the money. Scene 4 - Eindhoven, Philips Laboratories - October 1943 - Present: Heisenberg and Casimir. Heisenberg: It has always been the historic mission of Germany to defend the West and its culture against the hordes of the Eastern. Neither France nor 5 England have been sufficiently strong to play a leading role in such a defense and so, perhaps a Europe under german leadership might be the lesser evil. Casimir: I cant believe what you said, Werner. Can you repeat it in German ? Heisenberg: Da w¨are vielleicht doch ein Europa unter deutscher F¨uhrung das kleinere Ubel.¨ Casimir: Did you make a pact with the Devil, Werner ? Heisenberg: No need Henk, Ich bin das kleinere Ubel.¨ Note: There are several famous ambiguous statements by Heisenberg that can be misinterpreted and suggest that he is a nazi. But it is obvious that he is not a nazi as can be demonstrated later. The origin of these misunderstanding is that Heisenberg is very anticommunist and does not want to see Germany invaded by the Russians. Scene 5 - Oppenheimer’s office at Los Alamos - unspecified day in December 1943 (morning) - Present: Oppenheimer (Opie), Serber (Roby) and Bethe (Ansi). Roby: Hello Opie, What are the news ? Opie: Look at this drawing (see figure 1). It slipped out of Niel’s pocket yesterday. Roby: It looks like a bottle of cognac. Opie: Cant be. Look at the letter z. It must be anis, it was called ouzo in ancient greek. Roby: What about a bottle of porto ? Opie: Not possible. The shape is certainly a novel late vintage, like those in my bar, but there is no z in the translation to any hindustanic, semitic or arabic language. Roby: What about xerez ? there is a z and it looks spanish. Opie: Very good guess, but you know very well that Spain is occupied by the fascists and Niels would never drink xerez under these circumstances. Ansi: Guys, this is a heavy water reactor. I just did my calculation on the 6 back of an envelop. It will never produce enough fast neutrons to yield a nuclear explosion. D O 2 z Z Figure 1: Bohr’s plot. Scene 6 - Oppenheimer’s office at Los Alamos - same day as before (afternoon) - Present: Oppenheimer, Groves. Groves: Doctor, can you explain to me the meaning of this plot ? Oppenheimer: General, this is a false fission reactor. Groves: How should we call it ? Oppenheimer: Call it falsos, that means groves in ancient greek. Groves: That sounds good, ‘Falsos Mission’. Oppenheimer: Yes, but never say I passed you this name. Groves: Doctor, you are a genius. I swear I will never put in doubt your loyalty. 7 Note: The Americans understand that Heisenberg is only trying to construct a reactor and not a bomb, but they want to be sure by sending a spy to inspect the german atomic sites. Scene 7 - Berlin, Kaiser Wilhelm Institute, Dahlem - January 1944 - Present: Heisenberg, Merkada (Mercader), Korsching Heisenberg: So you come from Argentina. Merkada: Yes, from University of La Plata. Heisenberg: A funny name for an Argentinian. Merkada: In reality I come from Palo Alto (Stanford). Heisenberg: And you work with professor Rolenz (Lawrence)? Merkada: Yes, on separation of U-235 with a spectrometer. Heisenberg: What a coincidence, we have a spectrometer too. Merkada: May have a look at it ? Heisenberg: Sure, make a tour with my talented young colleague Host Ko- rsching. But dont forget to pay him 500 000 pesetas and give to him a good position at La Plata at the end of the war. Merkada: Thanks a lot. I will inform about your hospitality the argentinian ambassador in Madrid. (possibly this was the nickname of Colonel Hohen- thal, The american spy chief in Spain) Note: The University of La Plata had no interest in atomic physics at the time. The presence of an argentinian physicist coming from La Plata Uni- versity to inspect the german atomic sites is certified by the Farm Hall tran- scripts. Most probably he is a spy sent by the Americans to confirm that Heisenberg is not trying to build a bomb. 8 Scene 8 - Meeting of the Bavarianvereingemainesanzip (BVGA) - - Unspecified day in 1943 (but it was a wednesday) - Present: Heisenberg, Beck, Stauffenberg Beck: So today we are talking again about chimpanski ? Heisenberg: Naturlich, Herr General ! Beck: Did you succeed to complete your calculations ? Heisenberg: The energy in the sun is very complicated to calculate, Herr Gen- eral ! That needs to be renormalized. There are infinities of higher orders. What are the news from Erwin Rommel? Beck: He will join us as agreed. Note: General Beck was in charge of a plan to kill Hitler (nicknamed ’chim- panski’). The conspirators used to meet every two weeks on wednesday. Heisenberg used to attend these meetings and was therefore informed about the plans to kill Hitler. This demonstrates without any doubt that Heisenberg was an antinazi. Erwin Rommel was also involved in this plot as commented later. Scene 9 - Meeting of the BVGA - Heisenberg’s house in Berlin - 19 july 1944 - Present: Heisenberg, Beck, Stauffenberg. Beck: Werner, what’s your talk about ? Heisenberg: The production of energy in the stars. Beck: And the tittle ? Heisenberg: What are the stars. Beck: In German, please. Heisenberg: Was sindt die Sterne. Beck: Say it again, please. Heisenberg: iter ws Steren. Beck: Again, please. Heisenberg: Hitler muss sterben (Hitler must die). 9 Beck: OK, now you can go ahead. (Heisenberg gives his talk) Beck: When do you leave for Haigerloch ? Heisenberg: Tomorrow morning, good luck. (Heisenberg leaves for the Swiss border with telegrams from Scherrer in his pocket. His family is waiting for him.) note: next day, On July the 20th 1944, Stauffenberg tried unsuccessfully to kill Hitler by placing a bomb in the meeting room of his headquarters in Eastern Prussia. On july the 17th, Rommel was severily injuried by a plane attack in the front of Normandy. Rommel was supposed to transfer to Berlin by air troops from Normandy to take control the city. Rommel was replaced by general von Kluge who tried unsuccessfully to negociate with Eisenhower.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Development of Military Nuclear Strategy And
    The Development of Military Nuclear Strategy and Anglo-American Relations, 1939 – 1958 Submitted by: Geoffrey Charles Mallett Skinner to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History, July 2018 This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. (Signature) ……………………………………………………………………………… 1 Abstract There was no special governmental partnership between Britain and America during the Second World War in atomic affairs. A recalibration is required that updates and amends the existing historiography in this respect. The wartime atomic relations of those countries were cooperative at the level of science and resources, but rarely that of the state. As soon as it became apparent that fission weaponry would be the main basis of future military power, America decided to gain exclusive control over the weapon. Britain could not replicate American resources and no assistance was offered to it by its conventional ally. America then created its own, closed, nuclear system and well before the 1946 Atomic Energy Act, the event which is typically seen by historians as the explanation of the fracturing of wartime atomic relations. Immediately after 1945 there was insufficient systemic force to create change in the consistent American policy of atomic monopoly. As fusion bombs introduced a new magnitude of risk, and as the nuclear world expanded and deepened, the systemic pressures grew.
    [Show full text]
  • Plasma Physics in the 20Th Century As Told by Players”
    Eur. Phys. J. H 43, 337{353 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1140/epjh/e2018-90061-5 THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL H Editorial Editorial introduction to the special issue \Plasma physics in the 20th century as told by players" Patrick H. Diamond1,a , Uriel Frisch2, and Yves Pomeau3 1 University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0319, USA 2 Universit´eC^oted'Azur, OCA, Lab. Lagrange, CS 34229, 06304 Nice Cedex 4, France 3 Ladhyx, Ecole´ Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France Received 31 October 2018 Published online 30 November 2018 c EDP Sciences, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature, 2018 Our ancestors lived in a world where { as far as they were aware { electrons and ions lived happily bound together. But with suitable conditions, e.g. low density and/or high temperature, electrons and ions will unbind and we obtain a plasma, a state of matter of which we became increasingly aware in the 20th century, and which pervades our universe near and far. There are also many applications of plasma physics: chip etching, TV screens, torches, propulsion, fusion (through magnetic or inertial confinement), astrophysics and space physics, and laser physics, to cite just a few. At the crossroads of electrodynamics, continuum physics, kinetic theory and nonlinear physics, plasma physics enjoys an abundance of riches. Actually, so much that we can only cover a fraction of its history in this limited volume. The history of plasma physics presented here covers mostly the period from 1950 to 2000. The issue is focussed both on fundamentals and on applications in controlled fusion through magnetic confinement, which in turn raises a host of fundamental and interesting questions in various areas.
    [Show full text]
  • The Beginning of the Nuclear Age the Einstein Szilard Letter to Roosevelt Aug
    Questions 1. Otto Hahn received the 1945 Nobel prize for the experimental discovery of fission. His former colleague Lise Meitner, who explained the phenomenon did not. Do you consider that a fair decision of the Nobel prize committee? 2. What is the difference between a radiative capture reaction, a scattering reaction, and a nuclear reaction? 3. The allied bomb war against the civilian population did not bring the anticipated results, instead of weakening the will for resistance it strengthened it since it provided strong propaganda material to the German and Japanese leadership. Why did the bomb raids continue? The Beginning of the Nuclear Age The Einstein Szilard letter to Roosevelt Aug. 2, 1939 "Because of the danger that Hitler might be the first to have the bomb, I signed a letter to the President which had been drafted by Szilard. Had I known that the fear was not justified, I would not have participated in opening this Pandora's box, nor would Szilard. For my distrust of governments was not limited to Germany." Rumors or Reality? American and British nuclear physicists felt they needed to start a A-bomb project to avoid falling behind their German counterparts. They feared Hitler's forces would be the first to have use of atomic arms. This evaluation was based on a number of considerations: • The pre-war stop of uranium export • The high caliber of German theoretical and experimental physicists like Otto Hahn, Paul Harteck, Werner Heisenberg, Fritz Strassmann, and Carl-Friedrich von Weizsäcker; • German control of Europe's only uranium mine after the conquest of Czechoslovakia; • German capture of the world's largest supply of imported uranium with the fall of Belgium; • German possession of Europe's only cyclotron with the fall of France in 1940; • German control of the world's only commercial source of heavy water after its occupation of Norway.
    [Show full text]
  • Max Planck Institute for the History of Science Werner Heisenberg And
    MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR WISSENSCHAFTSGESCHICHTE Max Planck Institute for the History of Science PREPRINT 203 (2002) Horst Kant Werner Heisenberg and the German Uranium Project Otto Hahn and the Declarations of Mainau and Göttingen Werner Heisenberg and the German Uranium Project* Horst Kant Werner Heisenberg’s (1901-1976) involvement in the German Uranium Project is the most con- troversial aspect of his life. The controversial discussions on it go from whether Germany at all wanted to built an atomic weapon or only an energy supplying machine (the last only for civil purposes or also for military use for instance in submarines), whether the scientists wanted to support or to thwart such efforts, whether Heisenberg and the others did really understand the mechanisms of an atomic bomb or not, and so on. Examples for both extreme positions in this controversy represent the books by Thomas Powers Heisenberg’s War. The Secret History of the German Bomb,1 who builds up him to a resistance fighter, and by Paul L. Rose Heisenberg and the Nazi Atomic Bomb Project – A Study in German Culture,2 who characterizes him as a liar, fool and with respect to the bomb as a poor scientist; both books were published in the 1990s. In the first part of my paper I will sum up the main facts, known on the German Uranium Project, and in the second part I will discuss some aspects of the role of Heisenberg and other German scientists, involved in this project. Although there is already written a lot on the German Uranium Project – and the best overview up to now supplies Mark Walker with his book German National Socialism and the quest for nuclear power, which was published in * Paper presented on a conference in Moscow (November 13/14, 2001) at the Institute for the History of Science and Technology [àÌÒÚËÚÛÚ ËÒÚÓËË ÂÒÚÂÒÚ‚ÓÁ̇ÌËfl Ë ÚÂıÌËÍË ËÏ.
    [Show full text]
  • Hitler's Uranium Club, the Secret Recordings at Farm Hall
    HITLER’S URANIUM CLUB DER FARMHALLER NOBELPREIS-SONG (Melodie: Studio of seiner Reis) Detained since more than half a year Ein jeder weiss, das Unglueck kam Sind Hahn und wir in Farm Hall hier. Infolge splitting von Uran, Und fragt man wer is Schuld daran Und fragt man, wer ist Schuld daran, So ist die Antwort: Otto Hahn. So ist die Antwort: Otto Hahn. The real reason nebenbei Die energy macht alles waermer. Ist weil we worked on nuclei. Only die Schweden werden aermer. Und fragt man, wer ist Schuld daran, Und fragt man, wer ist Schuld daran, So ist die Antwort: Otto Hahn. So ist die Antwort: Otto Hahn. Die nuclei waren fuer den Krieg Auf akademisches Geheiss Und fuer den allgemeinen Sieg. Kriegt Deutschland einen Nobel-Preis. Und fragt man, wer ist Schuld daran, Und fragt man, wer ist Schuld daran, So ist die Antwort: Otto Hahn. So ist die Antwort: Otto Hahn. Wie ist das moeglich, fragt man sich, In Oxford Street, da lebt ein Wesen, The story seems wunderlich. Die wird das heut’ mit Thraenen lesen. Und fragt man, wer ist Schuld daran Und fragt man, wer ist Schuld daran, So ist die Antwort: Otto Hahn. So ist die Antwort: Otto Hahn. Die Feldherrn, Staatschefs, Zeitungsknaben, Es fehlte damals nur ein atom, Ihn everyday im Munde haben. Haett er gesagt: I marry you madam. Und fragt man, wer ist Schuld daran, Und fragt man, wer ist Schuld daran, So ist die Antwort: Otto Hahn. So ist die Antwort: Otto Hahn. Even the sweethearts in the world(s) Dies ist nur unsre-erste Feier, Sie nennen sich jetzt: “Atom-girls.” Ich glaub die Sache wird noch teuer, Und fragt man, wer ist Schuld daran, Und fragt man, wer ist Schuld daran, So ist die Antwort: Otto Hahn.
    [Show full text]
  • Selbstreflexionen Deutscher Atomphysiker. Die Farm Hall
    MARK WALKER SELBSTREFLEXIONEN DEUTSCHER ATOMPHYSIKER Die Farm Hall-Protokolle und die Entstehung neuer Legenden um die „deutsche Atombombe" Das deutsche Bemühen um die Nutzung der Kernspaltung bleibt eine der meistdisku­ tierten Episoden in der jüngeren Wissenschaftsgeschichte1. Ein besonders umstrittener Aspekt in der Geschichte der „deutschen Atombombe" ist dabei die Debatte über die mysteriösen und schwer zu erfassenden „Farm Hall-Aufnahmen", die nach dem Krieg ohne Wissen der zehn im englischen Farm Hall festgehaltenen deutschen Naturwis­ senschaftler erstellt wurden. Die „Gäste" waren Erich Bagge, Kurt Diebner, Walther Gerlach, Otto Hahn, Paul Harteck, Werner Heisenberg, Horst Korsching, Max von Laue, Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker und Karl Wirtz. In einem Schreiben an den Britischen Lordkanzler vom November 1991 forderten rund zwanzig renommierte Naturwissenschaftler und Historiker, angeführt von Nicholas Kurti, Rudolf Peierls und Margaret Gowing, darunter auch die Präsidenten der Royal Society sowie der British Academy, die Freigabe der Farm Hall-Aufnah­ men2. Wenige Monate später gab das Public Record Office in London ein 212 Seiten starkes Transkript jener „Operation Epsilon" frei, wie der Deckname der Lausch­ aktion gelautet hatte3. Kurz darauf stellte auch das amerikanische Nationalarchiv in 1 Vgl. Mark Walker, Die Uranmaschine. Mythos und Wirklichkeit der deutschen Atombombe, Berlin 1990; ders., Legenden um die deutsche Atombombe, in: VfZ 38 (1990), S. 45-74; ders., Physics and Propaganda: Werner Heisenberg's Foreign Lectures under National Socialism, in: Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences 22 (1992), S. 339-389. Ich möchte Paul Forman, Barbara Sul- livan und Andreas Wirsching für ihre Hilfe danken. 2 The Farm Hall Transcripts (siehe Anm. 4), S.
    [Show full text]
  • Nazi Secret Weapons and the Cold War Allied Legend
    Nazi Secret Weapons and the Cold War Allied Legend http://myth.greyfalcon.us/sun.htm by Joseph P. Farrell GÖTTERDÄMMERUNG "A comprehensive February 1942 (German) Army Ordnance report on the German uranium enrichment program includes the statement that the critical mass of a nuclear weapon lay between 10 and 100 kilograms of either uranium 235 or element 94.... In fact the German estimate of critical mass of 10 to 100 kilograms was comparable to the contemporary Allied estimate of 2 to 100.... The German scientists working on uranium neither withheld their figure for critical mass because of moral scruples nor did they provide an inaccurate estimate as the result of gross scientific error." --Mark Walker, "Nazi Science: Myth, Truth, and the German Atomic Bomb" A Badly Written Finale "In southern Germany, meanwhile, the American Third and Seventh and the French First Armies had been driving steadily eastward into the so-called 'National Redoubt'.... The American Third Army drove on into Czechoslovakia and by May 6 had captured Pilsen and Karlsbad and was approaching Prague." --F. Lee Benns, "Europe Since 1914 In Its World Setting" (New York: F.S. Crofts and Co., 1946) On a night in October 1944, a German pilot and rocket expert by the same of Hans Zinsser was flying his Heinkel 111 twin-engine bomber in twilight over northern Germany, close to the Baltic coast in the province of Mecklenburg. He was flying at twilight to avoid the Allied fighter aircraft that at that time had all but undisputed mastery of the skies over Germany. Little did he know that what he saw that night would be locked in the vaults of the highest classification of the United States government for several decades after the war.
    [Show full text]
  • The Virus House      -
    David Irving The Virus House - F FOCAL POINT Copyright © by David Irving Electronic version copyright © by Parforce UK Ltd. All rights reserved No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. Copies may be downloaded from our website for research purposes only. No part of this publication may be commercially reproduced, copied, or transmitted save with written permission in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act (as amended). Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. To Pilar is the son of a Royal Navy commander. Imper- fectly educated at London’s Imperial College of Science & Tech- nology and at University College, he subsequently spent a year in Germany working in a steel mill and perfecting his fluency in the language. In he published The Destruction of Dresden. This became a best-seller in many countries. Among his thirty books (including three in German), the best-known include Hitler’s War; The Trail of the Fox: The Life of Field Marshal Rommel; Accident, the Death of General Sikorski; The Rise and Fall of the Luftwaffe; Göring: a Biography; and Nuremberg, the Last Battle. The second volume of Churchill's War appeared in and he is now completing the third. His works are available as free downloads at www.fpp.co.uk/books. Contents Author’s Introduction ............................. Solstice.......................................................... A Letter to the War Office ........................ The Plutonium Alternative....................... An Error of Consequence ......................... Item Sixteen on a Long Agenda............... Freshman................................................... Vemork Attacked.....................................
    [Show full text]
  • Bruno Touschek in Germany After the War: 1945-46
    LABORATORI NAZIONALI DI FRASCATI INFN–19-17/LNF October 10, 2019 MIT-CTP/5150 Bruno Touschek in Germany after the War: 1945-46 Luisa Bonolis1, Giulia Pancheri2;† 1)Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Boltzmannstraße 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany 2)INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, P.O. Box 13, I-00044 Frascati, Italy Abstract Bruno Touschek was an Austrian born theoretical physicist, who proposed and built the first electron-positron collider in 1960 in the Frascati National Laboratories in Italy. In this note we reconstruct a crucial period of Bruno Touschek’s life so far scarcely explored, which runs from Summer 1945 to the end of 1946. We shall describe his university studies in Gottingen,¨ placing them in the context of the reconstruction of German science after 1945. The influence of Werner Heisenberg and other prominent German physicists will be highlighted. In parallel, we shall show how the decisions of the Allied powers, towards restructuring science and technology in the UK after the war effort, determined Touschek’s move to the University of Glasgow in 1947. Make it a story of distances and starlight Robert Penn Warren, 1905-1989, c 1985 Robert Penn Warren arXiv:1910.09075v1 [physics.hist-ph] 20 Oct 2019 e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]. Authors’ ordering in this and related works alternates to reflect that this work is part of a joint collaboration project with no principal author. †) Also at Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA. Contents 1 Introduction2 2 Hamburg 1945: from death rays to post-war science4 3 German science and the mission of the T-force6 3.1 Operation Epsilon .
    [Show full text]
  • Nazi Nuclear Research: Why Didn’T Hitler Get the Bomb? Jim Thomson
    Nazi nuclear research: Why didn’t Hitler get the Bomb? Jim Thomson www.safetyinengineering.com 1 Nazi nuclear research 1. The German project and a brief comparison with the Manhattan and V-weapons projects 2. German project technical achievements and failures 3. Political and organisational factors 4. Motives, ethics, competence and honesty 5. Postscript: The lunatic fringes 2 Jim Thomson www.safetyinengineering.com 1. The German project and a brief comparison with the Manhattan and V-weapons projects 3 Jim Thomson www.safetyinengineering.com Arnold Kramish 1985 The Griffin 1947: April 1943: “Los ALSOS – Samuel Mark Walker 1989 German National Socialism and the Quest Dec 1942: for Nuclear Power 1939–1949 Alamos Primer” Goudsmit Chicago pile UK Government 1992 Farm Hall transcripts declassified lecture notes give (republished 1996) critical complete overview of David Cassidy 1992 Uncertainty: The Life and Science of Werner Heisenberg bomb project Frisch-Peierls 1944/1945: ALSOS 1956: Thomas Powers 1993 Heisenberg’s War memorandum mission to capture Brighter Than a Mark Walker 1995 Nazi Science: Myth, Truth, and the German March 1940 German researchers , Thousand Suns – Atomic Bomb July/Aug 1945: Einstein letter equipment and data Robert Jungk Paul Lawrence 1998 Heisenberg and the Nazi Atomic Bomb to Roosevelt Trinity, Little Boy and Rose Project: A Study in German Culture Fat Man. The Smyth 1968: Hans Bethe 2000 ‘The German Uranium Project’, Article in August 1939 Physics Today Report outlines the The Virus House - Jeremy Bernstein 2001
    [Show full text]
  • Objective List of German and Austrian Scientists. (1,600 “Scientists”) Joint Intelligence Objectives Agency
    Objective List of German and Austrian Scientists. (1,600 “Scientists”) Joint Intelligence Objectives Agency. 2 January 1947. Name and Address Field Dr. Udo Adelsburger Crystal clocks & H. F. Heidelberg measurements Heinrich Adenstedt Jet Engines Remscheidt, Brunswick Prof. Dr. Arnold Agatz Marine Engineer Berlin-Zehlendorf West Hans Knirschweg 13 Dipl. Ing. Ahrens Tech. Designer of Stuttgart/Sindelfingen (AZ) Automobile bodies Gerhard E Aichinger Parachutes Wright Field, Ohio Dr. Leonard Alberts Hydro-carbons Army War College Washington, D.C. Dr. Wolfgang Alt CW Expert Gendorf, Bavaria Dr. Herbert Altwicker Production of Aircraft Biederscheld nr Dillenberg Equipment Dr. Otto Ambros CW Expert Gendorf, Bavaria Dr. Rudolph Maria Ammann Jet Engines Wright Field, Ohio Hans, Amtmann Aircraft Engineer Hamburg-Volksdorf, Ahrens-Burgerstr. 98 Hans Amtsberg Shipbuilding and Berlin, Steglitz Model Basins Kissingerstr. 9 Director W. Anders Welding Research Halle/Saale-Throtha 1 Wilhelm Angele Guided Missiles Fort Bliss, Texas Prof. Dr. Ernst Von Angerer Atomic Spectroscopist Munich 23, Gieslastr. 17 I Herrmann Anscheultz Aircraft Munich 25, Valleystr. 47 Dipl. Ing. Antz Aircraft Development Berlin Ing. Erich Apel Manufacturing Engineer Creya bei Bleicherode Suedharz (RZ) Baron Manfred Von Ardenne Nuclear Physics Dr. Gottfried Max Arnold Supersonic Measures Wright Field, Ohio Dr. Carol Aschenbrenner Aerial Photography Wright Field, Ohio Dr. Volker Aschoff Acoustic Torpedoes Gdynia, Poland and Homing Devices Walter Attman Glass Expert Von Aulock Torpedoes Gotenhafen Herbert Feliya Axter Guided Missiles Fort Bliss, Texas Dr. Aufmkampf Meteorology Ainring Airport, near Salzburg Baars (FNU) Batteries Westfalon Dr. Bachem Electronics Konstanz Dipl. Ing. Erich Bachem Aeronautical Engineering Walosee, Wuertt 2 Dr. Erich Bagge Gas Turbines Brunswick Erich K.
    [Show full text]
  • Operation Epsilon: Science, History, and Theatrical Narrative
    Operation Epsilon: Science, History, and Theatrical Narrative The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Brody, Alan. “Operation Epsilon: Science, History, and Theatrical Narrative.” Narrative 19.2 (2011): 253–257. As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nar.2011.0016 Publisher Muse - Johns Hopkins University Press Version Author's final manuscript Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77911 Terms of Use Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Detailed Terms http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ OPERATION EPSILON: SCIENCE, HISTORY AND THEATRICAL NARRATIVE ALAN BRODY In 1945, shortly after VE day, the Anglo-American forces rounded up ten renowned nuclear scientists and interned them at Farm Hall, an estate near Cambridge, England. All the rooms on the estate had been bugged. The conversations of the scientists were recorded on wax discs and translated. Information regarding the scientists’ research and anything else that might be of interest to the Anglo-American military was sent to Washington and London. The internship lasted from July to January. During that time, America dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and Otto Hahn was awarded the Nobel Prize for his discovery of fission. The men’s responses to those events are a part of the transcript. The entire operation had the code name Operation Epsilon. The full transcripts were declassified only in 1993. They were published in England under the title Operation Epsilon: The Farm Hall Transcripts and in the states as Hitler’s Uranium Club , superbly edited by Jeremy Bernstein.
    [Show full text]