IN THIS ISSUE Canada's 29Th Governor General: Julie Payette

IN THIS ISSUE Canada's 29th Governor General: Julie Payette

Duration: 15:11

Julie Payette has lived an exciting life that very few can even dream about. As an astronaut for Canada, she’s been to the International Space Station twice. She’s a pilot, an athlete, an engineer and speaks six languages. In October 2017, Ms. Payette, who is 53 years old, took on her latest adventure. She became Canada’s 29th Governor General — representing the Queen in Canada. We take a look at this incredible woman’s life and her hopes for the future.

Grades 8+ ...... p. 1-7 CREDITS News in Review is produced by CBC NEWS

Grades 4-7 ...... p. 8-13 Resource Guide Writer: Chelsea Prince Resource Guide Editor: Sean Dolan Host: Michael Serapio Packaging Producer: Marie-Hélène Savard Related News in Review Stories Associate Producer: Francine Laprotte Supervising Manager: Laraine Bone  Roberta Bondar: Stellar Inspiration (Mar 2017) Visit our website at curio.ca/newsinreview,  Canada's New Governor General (Nov 2010) where you will find an archive of all previous  Two Canadians Meet in Space (Sep 2009) News in Review seasons. As a companion resource, we recommend that students and  Michaëlle Jean: Our Governor General teachers access cbc.ca/news for additional (Nov 2006) articles.  The Governor General: A Canadian Tradition (Mar 1995) Closed Captioning News in Review programs are closed  Roberta Bondar: A Canadian in Space captioned for the hearing impaired, for English (Mar 1992) as a Second Language students, or for situations in which the additional on-screen Other related Curio.ca content print component will enhance learning.

 Canada 150: Icons Collection CBC Learning authorizes reproduction of material contained in this guide for  We Are Canada, Episode 1 educational purposes. Please identify source.

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VIDEO REVIEW (Grades 8+) Viewing

Before Viewing 1. Describe Julie Payette’s career as an astronaut.

TEACHING NOTE: 2. How has Payette’s career as an astronaut Do not hand out this Video Review until after you complete been groundbreaking? the Before Viewing activity. The answers are listed at the 3. What are some of Payette’s other end of this section of News in Review. accomplishments?

Play a “four corners” game in which each 4. How does Roberta Bondar think Payette will corner of the room represents a different role. do in the role of Governor General? There should be a corner assigned to each of 5. What contributions did Payette make to the the following: International Space Station?  Governor General 6. Describe how astronauts train before going  Prime Minister on a mission.  House of Commons 7. How does Payette maintain her focus while  Senate working? Listen to the following statements and go to 8. What did Payette learn from witnessing the the corner you think represents the correct Columbia accident? answer. Make a note of each statement and your guess at the correct answer. 9. How long can the Governor General serve?

1. I am the head of state. 10. Who was the previous Governor General?

2. I can dissolve or prorogue parliament. 12. What languages did Payette use to address 3. I appoint the Governor General. the audience during her swearing in 4. I am the house of “sober second thought.” ceremony?

5. I am elected by the people of Canada. 13. What will Payette’s responsibilities be while 6. I am the head of the political party with the she serves as Governor General? most seats. 7. I grant Canadian honours. 8. I am the head of government. TRY THIS! 9. I am appointed to this role until the age of 75. The Canadian Space Agency has several interactive activities such 10. I represent a region of Canada called a as a simulator that allows you to operate the Canadarm. Go to asc‐ riding. csa.gc.ca/eng/multimedia/games/canadarm2/ default.asp and try your hand at working the Canadarm.

After Viewing Four Corners activity answers

1. The Governor General gives awards and 1. I am the head of state. (The Queen, represented by honours to Canadians. Write a letter to Her the Governor General) Excellency the Right Honourable Julie 2. I can dissolve or prorogue parliament. (Governor Payette nominating a Canadian who you General) believe should receive an award. 3. I appoint the Governor General. (Prime Minister) 2. What attributes do you think a governor 4. I am the house of “sober second thought.” (Senate) general should have? Create a poster nominating a Canadian who you think 5. I am elected by the people of Canada. (House of should be the next governor general. Commons) 6. I am the head of the political party with the most seats. (Prime Minister)

7. I grant Canadian honours. (Governor General)

8. I am the head of government. (Prime Minister)

9. I am appointed to this role until the age of 75. (Senate)

10. I represent a region of Canada called a riding. (House of Commons)

THE STORY (Grades 8+)

Minds On

COMPARE RESPONSIBILITIES

Astronaut Governor General

 Preparing for  Acting as the missions to space representative of  Supervising or the monarchy in taking part in Canada expeditions while in  Swearing in new space such as prime ministers space walks,  Giving royal assent repairs or to new legislation experiments  Representing  Maintaining Canada around services such as the world water or oxygen  Attending official production systems events  Exercising daily for  Ensuring that at least two hours Canada maintains  Long working hours a stable and travel away government from home for training

Take a look at the responsibilities of an astronaut and the responsibilities of a governor general. Would you add or change either list? Who is Julie Payette? What traits, attributes and skills would you need to possess to be a successful astronaut? What While most Canadians may have heard of the traits, attributes and skills would you need to high profile Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield, possess to be a successful governor general? they may not have heard of Julie Payette. The Engage in a class discussion about how being Canadian Space Agency chose Payette and an astronaut might prepare a person to fill the Hadfield from a pool of over 5 000 applicants role of governor general. back in 1992. This fulfilled Payette’s childhood dream of putting herself in positon to travel to

outer space. She would be the second Canadian woman to ever leave the planet in a spacecraft, following in the footsteps of Roberta Bondar.

In 2009, Payette travelled back to space on NASA’s Endeavour shuttle to continue assembly of the International Space Station. This time Payette, along with fellow Canadian astronaut Robert Thirsk, spent 16 days in space.

From 2011 to 2013, Payette worked in Washington D.C., for the Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars. Prior to being appointed Payette has a 14‐year‐old son named Laurier. When she was Governor General, she served as the Chief offered the post of Governor General by Prime Minister Justin Operating Officer for the Montreal Science Trudeau, she said that she had to ask Laurier’s permission first. Centre.

Governor general roles and responsibilities THE CANADARM This remotely controlled device attaches to a space shuttle Canada is a constitutional monarchy. We have and has six points of movement, allowing it to act largely like a three-part parliament comprised of an a human arm. The Canadarm was developed to allow elected House of Commons, an appointed manipulation of heavy and awkward space hardware from Senate and the Governor General. the bay of the shuttle. Between 1981 and 2003, Canada built five different Canadarms for NASA, improving the technology As Governor General, Payette will be the each time. (Photo: NASA) Crown’s (at the time of her appointment, Queen Elizabeth) representative in Canada. She will be responsible for ensuring that Canada maintains a stable government, overseeing how parliament operates.

The Governor General is also responsible for swearing in new prime ministers and signing off on new legislation that has been passed by the House of Commons and the Senate. This process is known as giving new laws royal

assent.

Another responsibility of the Governor General is representing Canada both nationally and internationally. Former Governor General

David Johnston filled the role for seven years general, taking into account several factors, and, during his time in office, he oversaw more including: where in the country the candidate than 600 events, attended more than 330 comes from, which languages the candidate military services and gave more than 1400 speaks, the candidate’s gender and ethnicity speeches. This is what Payette has in store as and the candidate’s past contributions to she moves into her new role. Canada.

A tradition has been established of alternating The Office of the Governor General maintains a website with between French and English governor biographies of past governor generals and other interesting generals. Since Governor General David historical information. If you would like to know more, visit: gg.ca Johnston was English speaking, Prime Minister Trudeau selected the French-speaking Julie Payette as his successor. Once chosen, the How are Governors general selected? Governor General usually serves for a period of five years, although there are exceptions to In 1867, the governor general was appointed this. Given her long history in the public eye to represent the Crown in Canada and to and immense list of accomplishments, Julie make the final decision over the passing of Payette should fill her role well. In fact, she legislation. It was a key component – and views the role as an honour and a chance to condition – involved in Britain’s granting of represent Canada with the same level of pride Confederation to Canada. Up until 1931, the that she showed when she was an astronaut. King or Queen of England selected the governor general. Those appointed were The Appointment of Her Excellency, the always members of the British aristocracy. Right Honourable Julie Payette After the Statute of Westminster was passed in There was some controversy over the 1931, the Crown allowed Canada’s prime appointment of Julie Payette as Governor minister to make requests about who future General of Canada because Prime Minister governor generals would be. However, the Justin Trudeau selected her without the aid of governor general continued to be from the the Advisory Committee on Vice Regal British aristocracy for the next twenty years. Appointments. This is the committee that Then, in 1952, the Crown agreed with Prime former Prime Minister Stephen Harper founded Minister Louis St. Laurent’s decision to select the and used for the selection of David Johnston. first ever governor general born in Canada. There was also some speculation, following the That governor general was Vincent Massey wrap-up of the Truth and Reconciliation and, since that time, all of the governor Commission, that the next governor general generals have been born in Canada. might be Indigenous. Today, the office is largely ceremonial, and the Trudeau defends his choice, saying, “Ms. governor general does not usually intervene in Payette’s life has been one dedicated to political matters. The prime minister continues discovery, to dreaming big and to always to choose who will be the next governor

staying focused on the things that matter most. To Consider These truly Canadian traits, along with her years of public service, make her 1. There is some debate in Canada about unquestionably qualified for this high office.” whether or not we should continue to have a governor general. Do you agree or disagree with the idea that we need a

“Let me see…she was on the governor general? International Space Station, the first Canadian, she did two 2. How well has Julie Payette’s life prepared space station flights in front of her for her role as Governor General? an international audience of television. I don’t think she will have a problem.” – Roberta Bondar, first Canadian woman in space

ACTIVITY (Grades 8+)

How is the Governor General and the

Stanley Cup connected?

The Earl of Derby, also known as Lord Stanley, was the Canada’s sixth governor general. In 1893, Lord Stanley, an avid hockey fan, donated a trophy that would be given out annually to the top-ranking amateur hockey club. In 1926, the National Hockey League adopted the trophy as the top prize in professional hockey. That trophy bears Lord Stanley's name and is now known as the Stanley Cup! In 1945, Lord Stanley was inducted into the Canadian Hockey Hall of Fame and his trophy continues to be raised by the NHL champion at the conclusion of each hockey season.

Many other governor generals have made significant contributions to Canada’s culture and history. Photo: William James Topley / Canada / Library and Topley Photo: William James PA-025686 Archives  Working in small groups, pick a former governor general and research his or her life.  Prepare a short presentation for your class.

Sources 1. Ivison, J. (July 13, 2017). Canada’s Rocket Woman Personifies Image to Which Liberals Aspire. The National Post. Retrieved from: nationalpost.com/news/politics/john-ivison-canadas-rocket-woman-personifies-the-image-to-which-this-government- aspires 2. Press, J. (July 13, 2017). Dreaming Big: Former Astronaut to be the Next Governor General. The National Post. 3. The Canadian Space Agency. Retrieved from: asc-csa.gc.ca/eng 4. The Governor General of Canada. Retrieved from: gg.ca

VIDEO REVIEW (Grades 4-7) Viewing

Before Viewing 1. Describe Julie Payette’s career as an astronaut.

TEACHING NOTE: 2. Why do many people consider Payette’s Do not hand out this Video Review until after you complete career as an astronaut to be the Before Viewing activity. The answers are listed at the groundbreaking? end of this section of News in Review. 3. What are some of Payette’s other accomplishments? Play a “four corners” game in which each corner of the room represents a different role. 4. How does Roberta Bondar think Payette will There should be a corner assigned to each of do in the role of Governor General? the following: 5. What contributions did Payette make to the  Governor General International Space Station?  Prime Minister 6. Descibe the training the that astronauts  House of Commons take part in prior to going on a mission.  Senate 7. How does Payette maintain focus while working? Listen to the following statements and go to the corner you think represents the correct 8. What did Payette learn from witnessing the answer. Make a note of each statement and Columbia accident? your guess at the correct answer. 9. How long can the Governor General serve? 1. I am the head of state. 10. Who was the Governor General prior to 2. I can dissolve or prorogue parliament. Payette? 3. I appoint the Governor General. 12. What languages did Payette use to address 4. I am the house of “sober second thought.” the audience during her swearing in 5. I am elected by the people of Canada. ceremony? 6. I am the head of the political party with the most seats. 13. What will Payette’s responsibilities be while she serves as Governor General?? 7. I grant Canadian honours. 8. I am the head of government. 9. I am appointed to this role until the age of 75. TRY THIS! Take a quiz about our current Governor General. Go to 10. I represent a region of Canada called a gg.ca/Eduzone/CC/Start.aspx?lang=en to do “Eddy’s Quiz.” riding.

After Viewing Four Corners activity answers

1. The Governor General gives awards 1. I am the head of state. (The Queen, represented by and honours to Canadians. Write a the Governor General) letter to Her Excellency the Right 2. I can dissolve or prorogue parliament. (Governor Honourable Julie Payette nominating General) a Canadian who you believe should 3. I appoint the Governor General. (Prime Minister) receive an award or honour. 4. I am the house of “sober second thought.” (Senate) 2. What qualities or attributes do you think a governor general should have? Create a 5. I am elected by the people of Canada. (House of poster nominating a Canadian who you Commons) think should be the next governor general. 6. I am the head of the political party with the most seats. (Prime Minister)

7. I grant Canadian honours. (Governor General)

8. I am the head of government. (Prime Minister)

9. I am appointed to this role until the age of 75. (Senate)

10. I represent a region of Canada called a riding. (House of Commons)

THE STORY (Grades 4-7)

Minds On

COMPARE RESPONSIBILITIES

Astronaut Governor General

 Preparing for  Acting as missions to space representative of the  Supervising or monarchy in taking part in Canada expeditions while  Swearing in new in space (such as prime ministers space walks,  Giving royal assent to repairs, or new legislation 2. What traits, attributes and skills would you need to possess to be a successful experiments)  Representing governor general?  Maintaining Canada around the services such as world 3. Are their skills that would help in both jobs? water or oxygen  Attending official Is there a crossover in skills that an astronaut production events could use to be a good governor general systems  Ensuring that or governor general could use to be a  Exercising daily Canada maintains a better astronaut? for at least two stable government hours Who is Julie Payette?  Long working While most Canadians may have heard of the hours and travel high profile Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield, away from home they may not have heard of Julie Payette. The for training Canadian Space Agency chose Payette and Hadfield from a pool of over 5 000 applicants Take a look at the responsibilities of an in 1992. This fulfilled Payette’s childhood dream astronaut and the responsibilities of the of putting herself in positon to travel to outer governor general. space. She would be the second Canadian woman to ever leave the planet in a 1. What traits, attributes and skills would you spacecraft, following in the footsteps of need to possess to be a successful Roberta Bondar. astronaut?

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In 1992, the Canadian Space Agency selected four astronauts out of a pool of 5 300 THE CANADARM applicants. Those astronauts were: Chris This remotely controlled device attaches to a space shuttle Hadfield, Mike McKay, Julie Payette and and has six points of movement, allowing it to act largely like Dave Williams. a human arm. The Canadarm was developed to allow manipulation of heavy and awkward space hardware from the bay of the shuttle. Between 1981 and 2003, Canada built Both an engineer and a pilot, Payette helped five different Canadarms for NASA, improving the technology to build the International Space Station on her each time. (Photo: NASA) first mission aboard the space shuttle Discovery in 1999. She supervised the space walk and operated the Canadarm during key construction maneuvers. Payette was also responsible for monitoring the shuttle’s many mechanical systems. During this mission, Payette spent close to 10 days in space.

From 2011 to 2013, Payette worked in Washington D.C., for the Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars. Prior to being appointed Governor General, she The Governor General is also responsible for served as the Chief Operating Officer for the swearing in new prime ministers and signing off Montreal Science Centre. on new legislation that has been passed by the House of Commons and the Senate. This Governor general roles and responsibilities process is known as giving new laws royal assent. Canada is a constitutional monarchy. We have a three-part parliament made up of an Another responsibility of the Governor General elected House of Commons, an appointed is representing Canada both nationally and Senate and the Governor General. internationally. Former Governor General David Johnston filled the role for seven years. As Governor General, Payette will be the During this time, he oversaw more than 600 Crown’s representative in Canada (at the time events, attended more than 330 military of her appointment, Queen Elizabeth is the services and gave more than 1400 speeches. Crown and Head of State). She will be This is what Payette has in store as she moves responsible for ensuring that Canada maintains into her new role. a stable government, overseeing how parliament operates.

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The Office of the Governor General has a website with biographies of past governor generals and other interesting historical information. If you would like to know more, visit: gg.ca

Today, the position of governor general is largely ceremonial and the governor general does not usually intervene in political matters. The prime minister continues to choose who will be the next governor general, taking into account several factors, including: where in the country the candidate come from, which Payette has a 14‐year‐old son named Laurier. When she was languages the candidate speaks, the offered the post of Governor General by Prime Minister Justin candidates gender and ethnicity and the Trudeau, she said that she had to ask Laurier’s permission first. candidates past contributions to Canada.

How are governors general selected? A tradition has been established of alternating between French and English governor At the time of Confederation in 1867, the generals. Since Governor General David governor general was appointed to represent Johnston was English speaking, Prime Minister the Crown in Canada and to make the final Trudeau selected the French-speaking Julie decision over the passing of legislation. Until Payette as his successor. Once chosen, the 1931, the King or Queen of England selected Governor General usually serves for a period of the governor general. Those appointed were five years, although there are exceptions to always members of the British aristocracy. this. Given her long history in the public eye and her immense list of accomplishments, Julie With the passing of the Statutes of Westminster Payette should fill her role well. In fact, she in 1931, the Crown started to allow Canada’s views the role as an honour and a chance to prime minister to make requests about who represent Canada once again. future governor generals would be. However, the governor general continued to be from the British aristocracy for the next twenty years. Ms. Payette’s life has been one Then, in 1952, the Crown allowed the prime dedicated to discovery, to dreaming minister to select the first ever governor general big and to always staying focused on born in Canada. That governor general was the things that matter most. These Vincent Massey and, since that time, all of the truly Canadian traits, along with her governor generals have been born in Canada. years of public service, make her unquestionably qualified for this high office. – Prime Minister Justin Trudeau

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ACTIVITY (Grades 4-7)

How is the Office of Governor General and the Stanley Cup connected?

The Earl of Derby, also known as Lord Stanley, was the Canada’s sixth governor general. In 1893, Lord Stanley, an avid hockey fan, donated a trophy that would be given out annually to the top-ranking amateur hockey club. In 1926, the National Hockey League adopted the trophy as the top prize in professional hockey. That trophy bears Lord Stanley's name and is now known as the Stanley Cup! In 1945, Lord Stanley was inducted into the Canadian Hockey Hall of Fame and his trophy continues to be the most recognizable award in professional sports.

Many other governor generals have made significant contributions to Canada’s culture and history.  Pick a former governor general and research his or her life. Make a “hockey card” for your / Canada / Library and Topley Photo: William James PA-025686 Archives chosen governor general. Include information  Years the person served in the role such as the following:  Occupation  An image that represents the governor  Accomplishments general (this could be a photo)  Major contributions to Canada  When the governor general lived

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