The Mont Blanc Tunnel

2015 Description of the structure

1. Description of the structure 2. Traffic forecast study 3. Description of the organisation 4. Road construction sites organisation 5. Daily interventions with traffic 6. Night construction sites with alternating one-way traffic 7. Night construction sites without traffic 8. Example of great projects

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 2 Features of the infrastructure

Date of opening to traffic : 19th July 1965 Length : 11,6 km Width at its base : 8,6 m (carriageway : 7 m) Altitude of the tunnel entrance aprons : 1274 m (France) and 1381 m (Italy) Highest altitude of the carriageway : 1395,5 m (at the center of the tunnel) Rock thickness above the tunnel : over 2 km along more than 40% of its length Duration of crossing: 12 minutes at 60 km/h

7 640 m 3 960 m

Center of the tunnel

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 3 The structure

The Mont Blanc Tunnel conforms to the European Directive 2004/54

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 4 Safe shelters

❑ Every 300 m (on the right hand side, direction Italy-France) ❑ 37 in total (numbered from 0 to 36) ❑ Surface area of about 40 m² ❑ Identified by a green door fitted with permanent lighting and flashing lights placed on the entrance door to make them stand out better in poor visibility ❑ Connected to the evacuation passage safely positioned underneath the road level ❑ Linked along the whole length of the tunnel by the guide line “Ariadne’s Thread”

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 5 The centralized technical management

❑ Simultaneous analysis of information coming from about 35,000 control points ❑ Depending on the scenario or incident, the system advises the operator on what configuration to activate, according to specific procedures ❑ Very useful instrument for the 2 safety and traffic operators who stay 24h/24 in the control and command post (CCP) used for the management of the equipment and intervention teams (“Active CCP”)

A second control and command post exactly alike the first one (called “Traffic CCP”), is manned by 1 operator and used for traffic regulation and for informing partners and users. In case of incident, the operator takes care of the people waiting in the shelters through the videophone.

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 6 Ventilation (1)

❑ Intake system of fresh air It allows the amount of pollutants from vehicle emissions to be controlled • 2 ventilation plants situated at the 2 tunnel entrance aprons, each having 4 pure air fans (+ 1 as backup) with a variable flow rate from 25 to 80 m³/sec • these fans serve the ventilation channels (4 on the French side and 4 on the Italian side) positioned under the road level, each of which covers 1450 m of tunnel, equipped with intake points every 10 m along the Italy- France tunnel wall

The ventilation system is managed entirely by computer, from detection to extraction.

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 7 Ventilation (2)

❑ Smoke extraction system It allows the extraction of 156 m³/sec over a 600 m linear section of tunnel • 1 extraction channel which runs along the entire tunnel • 2 plants situated at the 2 tunnel entrance aprons, each one having 2 extraction fans (+ 1 backup) • 4 relay fans inside the channel itself (positioned under the stopping areas 6, 14, 22 and 30) • 115 extraction points in the roof (“carneaux”), one every 100 m, fitted with remote controlled dampers

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 8 Ventilation (3)

❑ Longitudinal air speed control system • 20 anemometers installed every 600 m, that permanently measure longitudinal air speed inside the tunnel • 76 booster fans positioned on the roof which, if activated in one direction or the other, control longitudinal air speed in the tunnel, managed by the centralized technical management counteracting the longitudinal flow of air focusing on the zero point (less than 1,5 m/ sec of air current) along 600 m of tunnel confinement, stratification and therefore smoke extraction facility

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 9 Traffic regulation

❑ The main instrument adopted to guarantee safety ❑ Elaborated by a workgroup composed of experts from the ministries of transport and of the interior of the two Countries and by representatives of the prefectures of Aosta Valley and Haute-Savoie ❑ Approved by the intergovernmental commission ❑ It prescribes: • access conditions • traffic and behavioural rules in case of an event

Since January 2010, according to the ADR 2009, the Mont-Blanc Tunnel is classified in “class E”.

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 10 Traffic forecast study

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 11 Analysis of the traffic (1)

Daily averages

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 12 Analysis of the traffic (2)

Daily averages 9212 Stima/Estimation 2014 4163

145 6350 1558

1886

4812

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 13 Description of the organisation

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 14 Organisation – The governing institutions

The CIG is the administrative authority (Dir. 2004/54/CE, art. 4)

The COMSEC is the inspection entity (Dir. 2004/54/CE, art. 7)

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 15 Organisation – The GEIE-TMB

CONSUR - Supervisory council 5 ATMB members + 5 SITMB members Number of people for

Safety officer COMDIR - Management committee 11,6 km of tunnel (Dir.2004/54/CE) 1 Managing director + 2 Directors

Secretary Prevention / quality General services and communication Marketing 194 DTI DST DCP DAF Technical Safety Customer Administrative and ITC and traffic and tolls and financial department department department department

65 staff for emergency fire brigade 40 staff for the bi-national police service 105

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 16 Road construction sites organisation

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 17 Description of road construction sites organisation

❑ Maintenance and daily interventions ❑ Night construction sites with alternating one-way traffic ❑ Night construction sites without traffic ❑ Example of great works

Internal: DTI: 50 people– interventions from Monday to Friday from 06:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. Availability service in the other times. Intervention procedures, formation/information; For external companies: Contracts; intervention procedures; Safety documents (PdP, DUVRI, PGC, PSC, PPSPS…); Work permission.

THE PRIORITY: Users and staff safety

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 18 Daily intervention with traffic

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 19 Daily intervention with traffic

❑ Maintenance plan: 713 items - Electrical sector - Mechanical sector - Civil engineering sector - Informatics sector ❑ Remedial interventions ❑ 111 maintenance contracts ❑ In 2014 : 11 000 interventions

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 20 Daily intervention with traffic

• Decennial maintenance of moto-ventilators groups

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 21 Night construction sites with alternating one-way traffic

1. Description of the structure 2. Traffic forecast study 3. Description of the organisation du tunnel 4. Road construction sites organisation 5. Daily interventions with traffic 6. Night construction sites with alternating one-way traffic 7. Night construction sites without traffic 8. Example of great projects

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 22 Night construction sites with alternating one-way traffic

22:30 23:00 23:30 23:45 0:30 00:45 1:30 1:45 ❑ Planning realised 1 year beforehand ❑ One-way alternating 1:45 2:30 2:45 3:30 3:45 4:30 4:45 traffic, from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. ❑ 4 construction sites 4:45 5:15 5:30 6:00 maximum ❑ On average, 80 nights a year Closed in Open Open both North South directions

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 23 Night construction sites with alternating one-way traffic

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 24 Night construction sites without traffic

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 25 Night construction sites without traffic

❑ Planning realised 1 year beforehand ❑ Closing down from 10 p.m. and 6 p.m. ❑ 40 - 55 sites construction, 150 – 200 people in the tunnel ❑ In 2014, 10 nights with total traffic interruption

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 26 Night construction sites without traffic

• IDENTIFICATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION SITE AND DESCRIPTION OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE • CONSTRUCTION SITE ORGANISATION • RISKS ANALYSIS • WORKS ORGANISATION

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 27 Exemple de grand projet

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 28 Extraordinary civil engineering operations

❑ Deck road deterioration on 600 m in the middle of the tunnel ❑ Corroded steels because of chloride presence ❑ Necessary to repair it in the medium term

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 29 Extraordinary civil engineering operations

❑ Two solutions are investigated : ❑ Restructuration ❑ Dismantling- reconstruction

The Mont Blanc Tunnel May 2015 30 The systems

The people

Organisation

… a synergy that, in these 13 years of operation, has been tested during safety exercises, events and works allowed to reach satisfying results. Thank you for your attention. Merci de votre attention.