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State Regulation of the Land Reclamation Development at the Regional Level Exemplified by Samara Region

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State Regulation of the Land Reclamation Development at the Regional Level Exemplified by Samara Region BIO Web of Conferences 27, 00007 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202700007 FIES 2020 State regulation of the land reclamation development at the regional level exemplified by Samara region Ekaterina V. Lebedeva* and Ekaterina V. Bulankina Samara State Agrarian University, Kinel 446442, Russia Abstract. The article considers the role of land reclamation in the development of modern Russian agriculture, defines its role in the development of the domestic land reclamation industry of state regulation. The implementation of the state policy for the maintenance and development of the reclamation industry in the Samara region from 2015 to the present is analyzed. The preliminary results of its implementation are summarized. The material, technical and regulatory framework for the further development of land reclamation in the region is determined. 1 Introduction the state plays a leading role in shaping the optimal development mode for the modern Under the conditions of climate change, land reclamation system, which is of great which in recent years has been manifested importance for the growth of agricultural by frequent droughts or floods, land production and the formation of food reclamation is considered as the best way security. to ensure the sustainability of agricultural The problem of state regulation of the production. Currently, irrigated lands land reclamation complex development in account for 40 % of world food production, Russia has recently been increasingly including 60 % of grain production. For reflected in the scientific literature. Experts Russia, where 80 % of arable land is subject in the field of land reclamation study the to arid phenomena, and about 20 % to current state and prospects of the land excessive moisture, the value of land reclamation industry development in the reclamation is difficult to overestimate [1]. country and individual regions [1–4]. In modern conditions of the agro- Specialists in the field of public industrial complex development and the administration of the agro-industrial state food safety policy implementation, complex analyze the problems of the reliability of land reclamation and its management and strategic development of effectiveness largely depend on an the industry [5–7]. adequate management system. This However, the problems of determining circumstance, which requires decision- the prospects (technical and making in conditions of uncertainty and is administrative) for the development of the associated with significant risk, domestic land reclamation complex, the significantly complicates reclamation distribution of powers between system management in comparison with management levels and forms of other objects and enterprises. Therefore, ownership, allocation of budgetary funds the scientifically reasoned operation of and the use of extrabudgetary funds reclamation systems and its competent remain relevant. These issues are especially management based on long-term and short- relevant at the level of constituent entities term forecasting are extremely important of the Russian Federation, i.e. at the for the reclamation industry. regional governmental level. The With regards to the strategic implementation of regional policies in the management of socio-economic processes, field of land reclamation is important for * Corresponding author: [email protected] © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). BIO Web of Conferences 27, 00007 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202700007 FIES 2020 the development of an agro-industrial conditions for the development of the agro-industrial complex of individual constituent entities complex of the Russian Federation is determined by the special importance of land reclamation in sustainable of the Russian Federation and large food production, on the one hand, and the current state of agglomerations of the country [8]. the industry, on the other hand. In Russia, the proportion of reclaimed 2 Materials and methods land in the total agricultural land did not exceed 10 % even in the context of an According to UN estimates, by the middle increase in land reclamation. Currently, the of the 21st century humanity will face the area of reclaimed land is only 7.9 % of the global problem of food shortages. arable land [3]. The area of reclaimed land Therefore, even now it is necessary to pay in the Russian Federation, with its low attention to the prospect of the significant productivity, currently cannot affect the increase in agricultural production. neutralization of the risk of adverse Meanwhile, the Russian agricultural weather conditions and the provision of sector is subject to the negative food for the population of our country [2]. consequences of various kinds of instability Moreover, according to the calculations of factors. Risks of agricultural enterprises are domestic scientists in the field of land the most complex and poorly predicted [6]. reclamation, in our country it is necessary Agriculture being dependent on natural to have at least 10 million hectares of factors and having a pronounced seasonal, irrigated lands and at least 8 million cyclical pattern of production, is a hectares of drained land by 2025–2030 [1]. technically more backward industry than At the turn of the century, the Russian other sectors of the economy [5]. land reclamation industry fell into decay: Developmental features of the significant areas of irrigated and drained agricultural sector of the economy make its lands were lost, part of the reclaimed lands state regulation inevitable, which is aimed degraded, and the territory of eroded and both at supporting agricultural producers deserted lands grew. Reclamation systems, under the conditions of intense separately located hydraulic structures, competition and overcoming periodic special irrigation machines have become agrarian crises [9]. The current mechanism old and destroyed. In general, more than of state regulation of the agro-industrial 30 million hectares of arable land have complex is currently a program-targeted been removed from agricultural circulation approach, an important condition for the in the territory of the Russian Federation. development of which is the provision of Currently, most of the reclaimed land (over targeted state programs with financial 3.5 million hectares) is in poor condition. resources [7]. Over half of domestic irrigation systems The basis for the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation is the Doctrine of (about 2.5 million hectares) need Food Security of the Russian Federation, which pays reconstruction and technical re-equipment. special attention to agroecological risks caused by Haing objectively assessed the current situation in the adverse climatic changes. agricultural land reclamation industry, as well as natural To ensure food security and improve the risks, the Russian state has expanded the directions competitiveness of Russian agricultural products in scope of the state support for the reclamation industry. Russia, the State Program for the Development of The organizational mechanism for the development of Agriculture and Regulation of Agricultural Products, the domestic reclamation industry was the program- Raw Materials and Food Markets, which was designed target method, which was expressed in the form of the until 2025, is implemented in its structure. It includes federal target program “Development of Land several basic areas, among which there is a subprogram Reclamation of Agricultural Land for 2014–2020”. “Development of Land Reclamation agricultural State policy on the development of the reclamation purposes of Russia”. Within the framework of the industry is actively implemented in the Samara region. direction of the State program “Ensuring the conditions The strategic document that defines the prospects for the for the development of the agro-industrial complex”, the development of the land reclamation complex in the departmental program “Development of the reclamation region is the Development Strategy for the agro- complex of Russia” is being implemented. industrial complex of the Samara Region for the period The close attention to the development of the until 2020, which also spells out the main targets for the reclamation complex in the structure of ensuring the development of land reclamation in the region starting 2 BIO Web of Conferences 27, 00007 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202700007 FIES 2020 from 2013, the state program “Development of gross output livestock production (in comparable prices) Agriculture and Regulation of Agricultural Products, by 37.2 %, livestock and poultry for slaughter in Raw Materials and Food Markets of the Samara Region” households of all categories (in live weight) by 10.5 %, for 2014–2021, which included the subprogram milk in households of all categories by 7.8 %. “Development of Land Reclamation of Agricultural We used both the mentioned strategic documents and Land in the Samara Region for the period until 2020”. the reporting documentation of the Samara Region To implement the program at the expense of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food as well as official federal and regional budgets, agricultural producers information on the development of the agro-industrial operating in the Samara region were provided with complex in the region to analyze the implementation of subsidies for reimbursing
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