BIBLIOGRAPHY

PRIMARY MANUSCRIPT SOURCES British Broadcasting Corporation Archives, Caversham, Berkshire T32, Production notes and correspondence, BBC Panorama. BBC Radio, Woman’s Hour, transcripts. BBC Radio, Focus, transcripts. British Film Institute, Stephen Street, London BBC Panorama, ‘Sewage Pollution’, 16 December 1957. Central Office of Information, Don’t Take Airbeds on the Sea, 1965. ———, All At Sea: Overboard, 1967. ———, Reach, Throw, Wade, Row, n.d., late 1960s. National Osteopathic Archive, Borough High Street, London NOA/Youngs/NPWA/2103/Fileboxes 1–2, Brian Young’s papers, National Pure Water Association files, 1957–1983. Cambridge University Library Sir Peter Scott papers International Wildfowl Research Bureau papers Churchill College Cambridge Archives Maurice Hankey papers Lord Kennet papers Enoch Powell papers

© The Author(s) 2017 269 G. O’Hara, The Politics of Water in Post-War Britain, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-44640-4 270 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Conservative Party Archive, Bodleian Library, Oxford ACP, Advisory Committee on Policy files CCO 150, Conservative Political Centre papers and publications CRD 2, Conservative Research Department papers, 1941–64 LCC, Minutes and papers of the Leader’s Consultative Committee Essex Record Office, Chelmsford C/DC 11, Chief Executive and Clerk’s Department D/P 76, Parish records D/Z 35, Societies’ and organisation’s records D/UCt M2, Urban District Council records Glamorgan Archives, Cardiff BB/C/8, Glamorganshire County Council files DCON 287, Papers of the Glamorganshire Constabulary Gloucestershire Archives Centre, Gloucester DA4/889, Cirencester Medical Officer of Health papers, 1963–67 GBR/L/6/23, Gloucester Borough records, 1963–1965 CBR/C2/3/36, Borough of Cheltenham Water Safety Committee, 1966–73 Hampshire Record Office, Winchester H/CL5/FIN353/1–4, Hampshire County Council Finance Committee files, Fluoridation of water supplies, 1963–67 HICX/12/59, Hampshire County Council minutes and proceedings, 1967–70 10A12/3 page 10, Scrapbook of Mrs Brenda Machin, 1953–61 Labour Party Archive, People’s History Museum, Manchester Communist Party publications Judith Hart papers Labour Party Research Department memoranda (RD and RE) Labour Party Research Department Study Groups minutes and memoranda Local Government files National Executive Committee minutes and memoranda Parliamentary Labour Party files Lyndon Baines Johnson Presidential Library, Austin, Texas, United States Francis M. Bator papers London School of Economics, London Lord Douglas of Barloch files Fabian Society papers Lena Jeger papers Liberal Party papers BIBLIOGRAPHY 271

Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick MSS 172, Reg Groves papers MSS 200, Records of the Confederation of British Industry MSS 202, Richard Albert Etheridge papers MSS 292 and 292B, Trades Union Congress files MSS 407, Water Companies Association files

National Records of Scotland, Edinburgh AF 44, Land drainage files AF 62, Fisheries files (main series) DD 13, Environmental services and pollution files HH 58, Infectious diseases and public health files HH 61, Local Authority Health Services (Health and Welfare) files HH 101, National Health Service in Scotland, administrative files NAS CO 1/5, Co-ordinating Advisory Committee on Oil Pollution of the Sea SEP 12, Highland development files

National Archives of the United Kingdom, Kew, West London

AB 45, United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, health and safety files ADM 1, Navy Department, correspondence and papers AIR 2, Air Ministry, registered files AT 3, Water Resources Board AT 33, Department of the Environment, Air and Noise division AT 34, Department of the Environment planning files AT 49, Directorate of Construction Industries AT 84, Central Directorate on Environmental Protection BA 22, Civil Service Department Pay Group BD 4, Circulars to local authorities in Wales, 1969–71 BT 243, Board of Trade, Marine Navigational Aids BT 298, Board of Trade, Companies Division CAB 124, Office of the Minister of Reconstruction CAB 134, Records of ad hoc Cabinet Committees CAB 134, Cabinet Committee papers CAB 164, Cabinet Office Subject Theme Series CAB 215, War Cabinet and Cabinet: Radio Board and successors COU 7, Records of the National Parks and Countryside Commissions DEFE 7, Ministry of Defence Registered Files (General Series) ED 214, Council for Scientific Policy EW 25, Department of Economic Affairs, Public Expenditure Division FCO 26, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Information, News and Guidance Departments 272 BIBLIOGRAPHY

FCO 54, Oil, registered files FCO 55, Cultural and Scientific Relations FCO 61, United Nations (Economic and Social) Department FCO 76, Marine and Transport Department FO 949, Multilateral Treaty files FD 23, Medical Research Council files FV 81, Department of Trade, Publishing, Tourism, Films and Distribution HLG 50, Ministry of Housing and Local Government, Water Division HLG 51, Local Government Services HLG 120, Local Government Division HLG 127, Water and Sewage, registered files HLG 133, Engineering Inspectorate: River Pollution Survey HLG 154, Local Government: Finance HO 284, Home Office files on Channel Islands, the Isle of Man and Northern Ireland HO 322, Home Office Civil Defence files HO 339, Home Office files on byelaws HO 381, Home Office Home Safety files MAF 105, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Eastern Regional Office files MAF 114, Advisory Services Division MAF 135, Land Drainage Adminstration MAF 222, Land Drainage and Water Supply MH 55, Public Health Services MH 58, Ministry of Health General Health Questions, registered files MH 148, Administration of Public and Environmental Health Services MT 59, Ministry of Transport, Shipping Control and Regulation MT 81, Ministry of Transport, Ports Division OD 24, Ministry of Overseas Development, UNESCO Department PREM 11, Prime Minister’s papers, 1951–64 PREM 13, Prime Minister’s papers, 1964–70 PREM 15, Prime Minister’s papers, 1970–74 PREM 16, Prime Minister’s papers, 1974–79 PREM 19, Prime Minister’s papers, 1979–97 RG 40, Central Office of Information, Social Survey files T 161, Treasury Supply Department National Archives of the United States, College Park, Maryland, United States RG 22, Department of the Interior Bureau of Commercial Fisheries files RG 59, State Department Bureau of European Affairs files RG 59, State Department Office of International Conferences files RG 412, Papers of the Water Pollution Control Advisory Board BIBLIOGRAPHY 273

Oxfordshire Records Office, Temple Cowley, Oxford CC3, Oxfordshire County Council management records Plymouth and West Devon Record Office, Plymouth 1690/2191/2, Records of the Devon River Authority 2834/106–107, Plymouth City Council Health and Welfare Services Committee, minutes, 1960––69 Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents Papers, the Library of Birmingham D.266/2/14/3–4, National Safety Education Committee, minutes, 1959––78 D.266/2/26 – National Water Safety Committee, minutes, 1965––70 D.266/4/1/24, Water safety correspondence, 1960––65 South West Film and Television Archive, Plymouth Walt Disney Productions, I’m No Fool in Water (1956) Royal Life Saving Society/Explorer Films, Water Safety Award (1960). Royal Life Saving Society, Go For Green, Ready for Red (1960) Trinity College Cambridge Richard Austen Butler Papers University of Sussex Archives, Brighton, Sussex Mass-Observation Diarist Records, 1940–45 Mass-Observation File Reports, 1940–46 Wellcome Library and Archives Centre, Euston Road, London SA/PAT, Records of the Patients Association Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre, Chippenham 2164/40, Rural District Councils (Wiltshire Branch) Association papers G25/132/21, 1955–69, Wilton Town Council, clerk’s correspondence

PERIODICALS AND NEWSPAPERS CITED Andover Advertiser Angling Times British Medical Journal The Citizen (Stroud) Country Life The Daily Telegraph The Evening News and Star (Essex) Daily Express 274 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Daily Herald Daily Mail Daily Record Eastern Daily Press (Norwich) The Economist Evening Argus (Brighton) Essex Weekly News Evening Chronicle (Newcastle) The Evening News Evening Standard Falmouth Packet Free-Lance Star (Virginia) Glasgow Herald The Guardian The Guild Gardener Halstead Gazette and Times (Essex) Health for All The Hereford Times Housewives Today The Independent Irish Examiner The Irish Times The Land Worker The Listener Lloyd’s List Medical News Tribune The Medical Officer Motor Boat and Yachting Municipal Engineering National Geographic Nature The New Leader New Scientist New Statesman The New York Times Oxford Times Public Health Rural District Review Sarasota Journal (Florida) Safety News Saffron Walden Weekly News The Sanitary Record BIBLIOGRAPHY 275

The Scotsman Southend Standard Southern Daily Echo The Spectator The Sun The Sunday Times Surrey Herald The Times Toronto Globe and Mail The Washington Post Wigan Evening Post The Yorkshire Post

WEBSITES AND ONLINE RESOURCES www.air-worldwide.com, Air Worldwide Consultancy www.bbc.co.uk/news, BBC News Online www.bfsweb.org, British Fluoridation Society www.britishpathe.com, British Pathé Newsreel www.fivethirtyeight.com, Five Thirty Eight www.measuringworth.com, Measuring Worth Calculator www.metric-conversions.org, Metric Conversions Online www.oxforddnb.com, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography www.rospa.com, Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents www.unep.org, United Nations Environment Programme www.wetlands.org, Wetlands International www.waterways.org.uk, British Inland Waterways Association

OFFICIAL GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS British Transport Commission, Canals and Inland Waterways: Report of the Board of Survey (London: HMSO, 1955). Cabinet Office, Torrey Canyon: Report of the Committee of Scientists (London: HMSO, 1967). Central Advisory Water Committee (Heneage Report), Land Drainage in England and Wales, Report of the Land Drainage Legislation Sub-Committee (London: HMSO, 1951). Central Advisory Water Committee, The Future Management of Water in England and Wales (London: HMSO, 1971). Central Housing Advisory Committee, Design of Dwellings: Report of the Design of Dwellings Sub- Central Water Planning Unit, The Wash, Water Storage Scheme: Report on the Feasibility Study (London: HMSO, 1976). 276 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Committee of the Central Housing Advisory Committee (London: HMSO, 1944). ———, Homes for Today and Tomorrow: Report of a Committee of the Central Housing Advisory Committee (London: HMSO, 1961). Cmd. 8923, Interim Report of the Departmental Committee on Coastal Flooding (Waverley Committee) (July 1953). Cmd. 9165 (Waverley Report), Report of the Departmental Committee on Coastal Flooding (May 1954). Cmnd. 193, Report of the Ministry of Housing and Local Government for1956 (June 1957). Cmnd. 419, Report of the Ministry of Housing and Local Government for1957 (May 1958). Cmd. 8923, Interim Report of the Departmental Committee on Coastal Flooding (Waverley Committee) (July 1953). Cmd. 9165, Report of the Departmental Committee on Coastal Flooding (Waverley Committee) (May 1954). Cmnd. 1693, Water Conservation in England and Wales (April 1962). Cmnd. 1781, Final Report of the Committee on Consumer Protection (July 1962). Cmnd. 3401, British Waterways: Recreation and Amenity (September 1967). Cmnd. 4347, Resolution to Amend the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil, 1954 (May 1970). Cmnd. 4984, Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping from Ships and Aircraft (June 1972). Cmnd. 5061, Final Act of the Conference on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage, 1971 (September 1972). Cmnd. 5169, Final Act of the Inter-Governmental Conference on the Convention on the Dumping of Wastes at Sea (December 1972). Cmnd. 7248, British Waterways Board: Government Observations on the Fourth Report of the Select Committee on Nationalised Industries (June 1978). Cm. 7319, Future Water: The Government’s Water Strategy for England (February 2008). Cm. 8230, Water for Life (December 2011). Department of the Environment, Report of a River Pollution Survey of England and Wales 1970 (London: HMSO, 1971). ——— (Sumner Report), Refuse Disposal: Report of the Working Party on Refuse Disposal (HMSO: London, 1971). ———, How Do You Want to Live? A Report on the Human Habitat (London: HMSO, 1972). ———, The New Water Industry: Management and Structure, Report of theManagement Structure Committee (London: HMSO, 1973). ———, Design Bulletins: Housing the Family (London: HMSO, 1974). BIBLIOGRAPHY 277

———/Welsh Office, A Background to Water Reorganisation in England and Wales (London: HMSO, 1972). ———/Welsh Office, Review of the Water Industry in England and Wales: A Consultative Document (London: HMSO, 1976). Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Reducing the Risks of Flooding and Coastal Erosion: An Investment Plan (London: DEFRA, 2014). Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs/Office of the Water Regulator, The Development of the Water Industry in England and Wales (London: Defra, 2006) Department of Trade, Accidents at Sea Causing Oil Pollution: Review of Contingency Measures (London: HMSO, 1978). Environment Agency, Water Resources in England and Wales (London: TSO, 2008). ———, The Case for Change: Current and Future Water Availability (London: TSO, 2012). European Marine Board, Delving Deeper: Critical Challenges for 21st Century Deep Sea Research (Ostend: EMB, 2015). European Union Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks, Critical Review of Any New Evidence on the Hazard Profile, Health Effects, and Human Exposure to Fluoride and the Fluoridating Agents of Drinking Water (Brussels: European Union, 2010). General Register Office, Regulations, and a Statistical Nosology, Comprising the Causes of Death, Classified and Alphabetically Arranged (London: HMSO, 1843). Health Education Council, Our Teeth: Summary of the 1969 Report on Eleven Years of Fluoridation (London: Health Education Council, 1969). HM Treasury, 1951–52 Civil Estimates and Estimates for Revenue Departments (London: HMSO, 1951). ———, 1952–53 Civil Estimates and Estimates for Revenue Departments (London: HMSO, 1952). ———, 1953–54 Civil Estimates and Estimates for Revenue Departments (London: HMSO, 1953). ———, Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change (London: HM Treasury, 2010). Home Office, Report of the Working Party on Water Safety (London: HMSO, 1977). ———, Drowning Statistics, England and Wales, 1975–1977 (London: HMSO, 1980). Ministry of Health, Design of Dwellings (London: HMSO, 1944). ———, Housing Manual1944 (London: HMSO, 1944 and 1949). ———, The Fluoridation of Domestic Water Supplies in North America: Report of the United Kingdom Mission (London: HMSO, 1953). 278 BIBLIOGRAPHY

———, Pollution of Water by Tipped Refuse: Report of the Technical Committee on the Experimental Disposal of House Refuse in Wet and Dry Pits (London: HMSO, 1961), ———, The Conduct of the Fluoridation Studies in the United Kingdom and the Results Achieved after Five Years (London: HMSO, 1962). ———, Fluoridation (London: HMSO, 1965). ———, The Fluoridation Studies in the United Kingdom and the Results Achieved after Eleven Years (London: HMSO, 1969). House of Commons Science and Technology Committee, First Report of Session 2013–14, Water Quality: Priority Substances (London: TSO, 2013). Lord Mayor of London, The Sea Came In: The History of the Lord Mayor of London’s National Flood and Tempest Distress Fund (London: The Mansion House, 1959). Ministry of Housing and Local Government, The South East Study (London: HMSO, 1964). ———, Standards of Effluents to Rivers with Particular Reference to Industrial Effluents (London: HMSO, 1968). ———, Taken for Granted: The Report of the Working Party on Sewage Disposal (London: HMSO, 1970). ——— (Key Report), Report of the Technical Committee on the Disposal of Solid Toxic Waste (London: HMSO, 1970). Medical Research Council, Sewage Contamination of Bathing Beaches in England and Wales (London: HMSO, 1959). Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, The East Coast Floods, 1953 (London: MAFF, 1962). Ministry of Technology, Notes on Water Pollution No. 46, ‘Disposal of Sewage from Coastal Towns’, (London: HMSO, 1969). National Water Council, The 1975–76 Drought (London: National Water Council, 1977). Northern Economic Planning Council, Challenge of the Changing North: A Preliminary Study (London: HMSO, 1966). Office of the Water Regulator/Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, The Development of the Water Industry in England and Wales (London: Ofwat/Defra, 2010). Registrar-General for England and Wales, Mortality Statistics: Injury and Poisoning 26 (London: TSO, 2001). Scottish Development Department, Towards Cleaner Water: The Rivers Pollution Survey of Scotland (Edinburgh: Scottish Development Department, 1972). Scottish Home and Health Department, ‘Pre-Fluoridation Dental Examinations: Account of Sampling Procedure, Ayr and Kilmarnock’, Health Bulletin of the Chief Medical Office of the Department of Health for Scotland 16, 1 (1958), pp. 16–19. BIBLIOGRAPHY 279

K.K. Sillitoe, Planning for Leisure: An Enquiry into the Present Pattern of Participation in Outdoor and Physical Recreation (London: HMSO, 1969). UNICEF/World Health Organization, Progress on Sanitation and Drinking Water: 2015 Update and MDG Assessment (Geneva: UNICEF/WHO, 2015). US Department of the Interior Circular 1405, Estimated Use of Water in the United States in 2010 (Reston, Virginia: US Geological Survey, 2014). US State Department, Safeguarding Our World Environment (Washington, DC: State Department, 1972). ———, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1969–1976, Vol. V: United Nations, 1969–1972 (Washington DC: State Department, 2005). Water Advisory Committee Sub-Committee on the Growing Demand for Water, Final Report (1962). Water Resources Board, Water Supplies in South East England (London: HMSO, 1966). ———, Interim Report on Water Resources in the North (London: HMSO, 1967). ———, The Wash, Estuary Storage: Report of the Desk Study (London: HMSO, 1970). Water Resources in Wales and the Midlands (London: HMSO, 1971). ———, Water Resources in England and Wales (London: HMSO, 1973).

PRIMARY PRINTED SOURCES Advisory Committee on Oil Pollution of the Sea, International Conference on Oil Pollution of the Sea, October 1953 (London: ACOPS, 1954). C.D. Andrew, We Didn’t Wait for the Rain (London: National Water Council, 1975). E. Ashby, Pollution: Nuisance or Nemesis? (London: HMSO, 1972). E. Ashby, ‘Prospect for Pollution’, Journal of the Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce 121, 5203 (1973), pp. 443–54. G.L. Atkinson-Willes, Liquid Assets (Slimbridge, Gloucestershire: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources and UNESCO, 1964). J.G. Ballard, Miracles of Life: Shanghai to Shepperton, an Autobiography (London: Fourth Estate, 2008). D. Barker, Harvest Home: The Story of the Great Floods of 1947 (London: HMSO, 1948). M. Batisse, ‘Learning the Value of Water’, in N. Calder (ed.), The World in 1984, Vol. 1 (Harmondsworth: Pelican Origins, 1965), pp. 47––51. J. Bray, ‘The Politics of the Environment’, Fabian Tract 412 (1972). 280 BIBLIOGRAPHY

British Fluoridation Society, One in a Million: The Facts About Water Fluoridation (London: BFS, 3rd edn., 2012). British Waterworks Association, Organisation of the Water Supply Industry (London: British Waterworks Association, 1950). M. Bondfield, Our Towns: A Close Up. A Study Made During 1939–42 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1943). British Dental Association, Fluoridation of Water Supplies: Questions and Answers (London: British Dental Association, 1974). British Waterways Board, Reorganisation of Water and Sewage Services: Commons on Department of the Environment Consultation Paper (London: British Waterways Board, 1972). J. Bugler, Polluting Britain: A Report (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1972). N. Carpener, ‘Final Note’, in J.H. Hunt (ed.), Accident Prevention and Life Saving: Papers Given at a Convention held at the Royal College of Surgeons of England, May 1963 (Edinburgh: E&S Livingstone, 1965), pp. 303–5. R. Carson, The Sea Around Us (New York: Oxford University Press, 1951; 1952 edn.). ———, Silent Spring (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1963). H. Casson, Homes By the Million: An Account of the Housing Methods of the United States (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1946). Central Council of Physical Recreation, The Water Sports Code: Some Recommendations for Recreational Users of Inland Waters (London: CCPR, 1970). A.C. Clarke, Profiles of the Future (London: Gollanz, 1962). Coastal Anti-Pollution League, The Golden List of Beaches in England and Wales (Bath: CAPL, n.d., c.1969–70). ———, ibid. (Bath: CAPL, 5th edn., 1985). Committee on Bathing Beach Contamination, ‘Sewage Contamination of Coastal Bathing Waters in England and Wales: A Bacteriological and Epidemiological Study’, British Journal of Hygiene 57, 4 (1959), pp. 435–72. Confederation of British Industry, The Reorganisation of Water and Sewage Services (London: Confederation of British Industry, 1972). T. Dale and V.G. Carter, Topsoil and Civilization (Norman, Okl.: University of Oklahoma Press, 1955). W. Davies, ‘Prevention of Death by Drowning’, in J.H. Hunt (ed.), Accident Prevention and Life Saving: Papers Given at a Convention held at the Royal College of Surgeons of England, May 1963 (Edinburgh: E&S Livingstone, 1965), pp. 231–35. J. Doxat, The Living Thames: The Restoration of a Great Tidal River (London: Hutchinson Benham, 1977). Duke of Edinburgh, ‘Introduction’,inJ.H.Hunt(ed.),Accident Prevention and Life Saving: Papers Given at a Convention held at the Royal College of Surgeons of England, May 1963 (Edinburgh: E&S Livingstone, 1965), pp. 1–5. BIBLIOGRAPHY 281

L. Fisher, The Housewife and the Town Hall. A Brief Description of What is done by our Local Councils and Public Services (London: Nicholson and Watson, 1934). S. Fleming and R. Broad (eds.), Nella Last’s War: A Mother’s Diary, 1939–45 (London: Sphere, 1981). K. Fox, Sport and Leisure: Results from the Sport and Leisure Module of the 2002 General Household Survey (London: TSO, 2004). U. Fox, Nautical Code (International) (London: British Safety Council, 1961). L. Friedman, ‘The Culture of Living: The Machine The Slave Not The Driver’,in E.G. McAllister and G. McAllister (eds.), Homes, Towns and Countryside: A Practical Plan for Britain (London: Batsford, 1945), pp. 120–32. E. Goldsmith, Can Britain Survive? (London: Tom Stacey, 1971). E. Hale, ‘The Royal Life Saving Society’, in J.H. Hunt (ed.), Accident Prevention and Life Saving: Papers Given at a Convention held at the Royal College of Surgeons of England, May 1963 (Edinburgh: E&S Livingstone, 1965), pp. 269–72. A. Hardy, ‘New and Richer Marine Harvests Forecast’, in N. Calder (ed.), The World in 1984, Vol. 1 (Harmondsworth: Pelican Origins, 1965), pp. 100–103. M. Holbein, Swimming (London: Arthur Pearson, 1903). Inland Water Survey Committee, First Annual Report, 1935–36 (London: HMSO, 1936), p. 2. Institution of Civil Engineers, Conference on the North Sea Floods of 31 January/1 February, 1953 (London: Institution of Civil Engineers, 1954). A. Johnson, This Boy: A Memoir of a Childhood (London: Corgi pbk. edn., 2014). ———, Please, Mister Postman: A Memoir (London: Bantam, 2014). Lord Kennet, ‘Controlling Our Environment’, Fabian Research Series 283 (1970). ———, Preservation (London: Maurice Temple Smith, 1972). L. Klein, River Pollution, Vol. III: Control (London: Butterworth, 1966). V. Klein and A. Myrdal, Women’s Two Roles: Home and Work (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1956). Labour Party, Water Supply: A National Problem and its Solution (London: Labour Party, 1935). ———, Socialism for the Villages (London: Labour Party, 1939), ———, Challenge to Britain: A Programme of Action For the Next Labour Government (1953). ———, Public Enterprise: Labour’s Review of the Nationalised Industries (1957). ———, Industry and Society: Labour’s Policy on Future Public Ownership (1958). ———, Leisure for Living (London: Labour Party, 1959). ———, Annual Conference of the Labour Party Scottish Council (Edinburgh: Labour Party, 1965). ———, Report of the Labour Party Conference 1969 (London: Labour Party, 1969). ———, A Sporting Chance (London: Labour Party, 1970). ———, Now Britain’s Strong, Let’s Make it Great to Live In (London: Labour Party, 1970). 282 BIBLIOGRAPHY

———, Pollution and Our Environment: Annual Conference of Labour Women (London: Labour Party, 1970). ———, Report of the Labour Party Conference 1972 (London: Labour Party, 1972). ———, The Politics of the Environment (London: Labour Party, 1973). Liberal Party, The Pollution of our Environment: The Papers of the Liberal Party Conference on the Environment, November 6th–8th, 1970 (London: Liberal Publications Department, 1971). J.E. Lovelock, Gaia: A New Look at Life on Earth (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979). J. Ludwigson, Resources: Used and Abused (Washington DC: United Nations, 1972). R. Mabey, The Unofficial Countryside (Toller Fratrum, Dorset: Little Toller Books, 2010 edn.). J. Main, Pollutants: Poisons Around the World (Washington DC: United Nations, 1972). G. Manley, ‘The Range of Variation of the British Climate’, Geographical Journal 117, 1 (1951), pp. 43–65. ———, Climate and the British Scene (London: New Naturalist Press, 1952). Marine Conservation Society, Good Beach Guide: The UK Guide to Clean Seas (London: MCS, 2010). B. Moore, ‘Sewage Contamination of Bathing Beaches’, Perspectives in Public Health 80, 3 (1960), pp. 183–87. P. Malcomson and R. Malcolmson (eds.), A Woman in Wartime London: The Diary of Kathleen Tipper, 1941–1945 (London: London Record Society, 2006). D. Meadows and D. Meadows, The Limits to Growth (New York: Universe Books, 1972). National Farmworkers’ Union, Outlook for Agriculture (London: NFU, 1977). A. Neuschatz, Managing the Environment, Volume 1 (Washington DC: Environmental Research Center, 1974). K.S. Norris (ed.), Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966). P. Novy, Housework without Tears (London: Pilot Press, 1945). G. O’Neill, My East End: A History of Cockney London (London: Viking, 1999). Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, Water Management: Basic Issues (Paris: OECD, 1972). F. Osborn, Our Plundered Planet (London: Faber and Faber, 1948). E. Ostrom, ‘Social Capital: A Fad or a Fundamental Concept?’, in P. DasGupta and I. Serageldin (eds.), Social Capital: Multifaceted Perspectives (Oxford: Berg, 2001), pp. 174–214. D. Parker and J. Raven, Theodore the Water Wise Cat (London: RoSPA, 1985). BIBLIOGRAPHY 283

A. Pavord, The Curious Gardener: A Year in the Garden (London: Bloomsbury, 2010). Post-War National Development Committee, Post-War National Development, Report No. IV: Inland Water Survey (London: Institution of Civil Engineers, 1942). Quarry Managers’ Journal, The Directory of Quarries, Clayworks, Sand and Gravel Pits (Birmingham: Quarry Managers’ Association, 1939). ———, Directory of Quarries and Pits (London: Quarry Managers’ Association, 1961/62). ———, ibid. (1968/69). ———, ibid. (1972/73). L. Reed, An Ocean of Waste: Some Proposals for Clearing the Seas Around Britain (London: Conservative Political Centre, 1972). J.A. Rees, Industrial Demand for Water: A Study of South East England (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson/LSE, 1969). P. Robinson, The Environmental Crisis: A Communist View (London: Communist Party of Great Britain, 1973). B.S. Rowntree, Poverty and Progress (London: Longmans, 1941). Royal College of Surgeons, Report of the Working Party on Accident Prevention and Life Saving (London: RCS, 1963). Royal Life Saving Society, Life Saving and Water Safety (London: RLSS, 2nd edn., 1969). ———, Analysis of Fatal Drowning Accidents (London: RLSS, 1971). Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents, Safety Afloat (London: RoSPA, 1961). ———, Get Wise to Water (London: RoSPA, 1967). ———, On the Water, In the Water (London: RoSPA, 1968). ———, Drowning: A Cloud Over Holiday Fun (London: RoSPA, 1978). Royal Yachting Association, Boating Safety on Reservoirs, Lakes and Gravel Pits (Eastleigh: RYA, 1994). P. Scott, The Eye of the Wind (London: Hodder and Stoughton, rev. edn., 1966). N. Shepherd, The Living Mountain: A Celebration of the Cairngorm Mountains of Scotland (Edinburgh: Canongate Books, 2011 edn.). D. Sheridan (ed.), Wartime Women: A Mass-Observation Anthology, 1937–45 (London: Phoenix Press, 2000). ——— (ed.), Among You Taking Notes: The Wartime Diary of Naomi Mitchison, 1939–1945 (London: pbk. edn., Phoenix Press, 2000). M. Simons, ‘Long-Term Trends in Water Use’, in R.J. Chorley (ed.), Water, Earth and Man: A Synthesis (London: Methuen, 1969), pp. 535–46. M. Spring Rice, Working-Class Wives: Their Health and Conditions (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1939). F.N. Steele, ‘Water’, in E. Goldsmith (ed.), Can Britain Survive? (London: Tom Stacey, 1971), pp. 136–42. 284 BIBLIOGRAPHY

A.H. Stevenson, ‘Studies of Bathing Water Quality and Health’, American Journal of Public Health 43, 1 (1953), pp. 529–38. D. Taylor, ‘Fluoridation: The Battle of Hastings’, Health Education 15, 1 (1957), pp. 27–34. A.W.S. Thompson, ‘Poliomyelitis in Auckland, 1947–49: An Epidemiological Study’, New Zealand Department of Health: Annual Report of the Director- General of Health, 1948–49 (Auckland: New Zealand Department of Health, 1950). UK National Committee for UNESCO, Man and the Biosphere (London: UK National Committee for UNESCO, 1972). J.A. Wakefield, ‘Coastal Pollution – Aesthetics And/Or Health’, in Institute of CivilEngineers, Marine Treatment of Sewage and Sludge: Proceedings of the Conference (London: ICS, 1988), pp. 45–56. B. Ward and R. Dubos, Only One Earth: The Care and Maintenance of a Small Planet (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1972). Water Companies Association, Water At Your Service (London: Water Companies Association, 1957). Water Companies Association, A National Water Grid? (London: Water Companies Association, 1957). K.A. Wittfogel, Oriental Despotism: A Comparative Study of Total Power (New York: Vintage Books, 1981 edn., orig. pub. 1957). Women’s Royal Voluntary Service Suffolk, Report on Help Given by East Suffolk WVS in Flood Relief Work after the Storm and Tempest of the Night of January 31st–February 1st, 1953 (Ipswich: WVS, 1953). F.R.S. Yorke and F. Gibberd, The Modern Flat (London: Architectural Press, 1950), pp. 37–8. M. Young and P. Willmott, Family and Kinship in East London (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1957). ———, Family and Class in a London Suburb (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1960). ———, The Symmetrical Family: A Study of Work and Leisure in the London Region (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1973).

UNPUBLISHED THESES AND DISSERTATIONS A. Carlsson-Hyslop, ‘An Anatomy of Storm Surge Science at Liverpool Tidal Institute, 1919–1959: Forecasting, Practices of Calculation and Patronage’, University of Manchester PhD Thesis, 2010. E. Colpus, ‘Landscapes of Welfare: Concepts and Cultures of British Women’s Philanthropy, 1919–39’, Oxford University PhD Thesis, 2011. C. Flinn, ‘“In Spite of Planning”: Reconstructing Britain’s Blitzed Cities, 1945– 54’, Oxford Brookes University PhD Thesis, 2011. BIBLIOGRAPHY 285

H. Hiscox, ‘Rural Ambitions: Labour’s Visions of a Reformed Countryside in Interwar Britain’, Oxford Brookes University MA Thesis, 2011. G.A. Reilly, ‘“This Poisoning of our Drinking Water”: The American Fluoridation Controversy in Historical Context, 1950–1990’, George Washington University PhD Thesis, 2001.

SECONDARY BOOKS AND ARTICLES J. Aberth, An Environmental History of the Middle Ages: The Crucible of Nature (London: Routledge, 2013). J. Adams, Healing with Water: English Spas and the Water Cure, 1840–1960 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2015). J. Agyeman and B. Evans, ‘“Just Sustainability”: The Emerging Discourse of Environmental Justice in Britain?’, Geographical Journal 170, 2 (2004), pp. 155–64. H.F. Akers, ‘Collaboration, Vision and Reality: Water Fluoridation in New Zealand, 1952–1968’, New Zealand Dental Journal 103, 3 (2008), pp. 127–33. J.A. Allan, The Middle East Water Question: Hydropolitics and the Global Economy (London: IB Tauris, 2002). D. Anderberg, A. Chevalier and J. Wadsworth, ‘Anatomy of a Health Scare: Education, Income and the MMR Controversy in the UK’, Journal of Health Economics 30, 3 (2011), pp. 515–30. J. Anderson and K. Peters, ‘“A Perfect and Absolute Blank”: Human Geographies of Water Worlds’, in J. Anderson and K. Peters (eds.), Water Worlds: Human Geographies of the Ocean (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2014), pp. 3–19. S.C. Anderson, ‘Cultural Ideas of Water and Swimming in Modern Europe’,inT. Tvedt and T. Oestigard (eds.), A History of Water. Ser. II, Vol. I: Ideas of Water from Ancient Societies to the Modern World (London: IB Tauris, 2009), pp. 250–69. R. Andolina, Indigenous Development in the Andes: Culture, Power and Transnationalism (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2009). M. Andrews, The Acceptable Face of Feminism: The Women’s Institute as a Social Movement (London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1997). B. Arkell et al., Climate Change – A Programme of Research for the UK Water Industry, Summary Report (London: UK Water Industry Research, 2008). A. Armstrong and M. Armstrong, ‘A Christian Perspective on Water and Water Rights’, in T. Tvedt and T. Oestigaard (eds.), A History of Water, Ser. I, Vol. III: The World of Water (London: IB Tauris, 2006), pp. 367–84. A.R.H. Baker, Geography and History: Bridging the Divide (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003). K. Bakker, An Uncooperative Commodity: Privatising Water in England and Wales (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003). 286 BIBLIOGRAPHY

———, ‘Neoliberalizing Nature? Market Environmentalism in Water Supply in England and Wales’, Annals of the Association of American Geographers 95, 3 (2005), pp. 542–65. ———, Privatizing Water: Governance Failure and the World’s Urban Water Crisis (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2010). R. Ballinger and T. Stojanovic, ‘Policy Development and the Estuary Environment: A Severn Estuary Case Study’, Marine Pollution Bulletin 61, 1–3 (2010), pp. 132–45. C. Barnett, Blue Revolution: Unmaking America’s Water Crisis (Boston, Mass.: Beacon Press, 2011). ———, Rain: A Natural and Cultural History (New York: Crown Publishers, 2015). A. Barry, Political Machines: Governing a Technological Society (London: Athlone, 2001). R. Bate, ‘Protecting English and Welsh Rivers: The Role of the Anglers’ Conservation Association’, in R.E. Meiners and A.P. Morriss (eds.), The Common Law and the Environment: Rethinking the Statutory Basis for Modern Environmental Law (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littefield, 1999), pp. 86–108. P.J. Baxter, ‘The East Coast Big Flood, 31 January–1 February 1953: A Summary of the Human Disaster’, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Series A 363, 1831 (2005), pp. 1293–1312. Z. Bauman, Liquid Modernity (Cambridge: Polity Press pbk. edn., 2012). C. Beaumont, ‘Moral Dilemmas and Women’s Rights: The attitude of the Mothers’ Union and Catholic Women’s League to Divorce, Birth Control and Abortion in England, 1928–1939’, Women’s History Review 16, 4 (2007), pp. 463–85. C. Beaumont, ‘“Where to Park the Pram”? Voluntary Women’s Organisations, Citizenship and the Campaign for Better Housing in England, 1928–1945’, Women’s History Review 22, 1 (2013), pp. 75–96. U. Beck, Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity (London: Sage, Eng. trans., 1992). L. Beers, Your Britain: Media and the Making of the Labour Party (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2010). W. Beinart and L. Hughes, Environment and Empire (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007). D.O. Belanger, ‘The International Geophysical Year in Antarctica: A Triumph of “Apolitical” Science, Politics and Peace’, in P. Launius, J.R. Fleming and D.H. DeVorkin (eds.), Globalizing Polar Science: Reconsidering the International Polar and Geophysical Years (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), pp. 265–78. S. Bell, ‘Renegotiating Urban Water’, Progress in Planning 96 (2015), pp. 1–28. BIBLIOGRAPHY 287

D.A. Bender, Introduction to Nutrition and Metabolism (Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, 5th edn., 2014), pp. 1–2. J. Benidickson, The Culture of Flushing: A Social and Legal History of Sewage (Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia Press, 2007). P. Bircham, A History of Ornithology (London: Collins, 2007). H.S. Bird, Class, Leisure and National Identity in British Children’s Literature, 1918–1950 (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014). L. Black, Redefining British Politics: Culture, Consumerism and Participation, 1954–70 (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010). D. Blackbourn, The Conquest of Nature: Water, Landscape, and the Making of Modern Germany (London: Cape, 2006). D. Blackburn, ‘“For We Shall Prejudice Nothing”: Middle Way Conservatism and the Defence of Inequality, 1945–1979’, Political Studies 64, 1 (2016), pp. 156–72. K. Blakey et al., ‘Is Fluoride a Risk Factor for Bone Cancer? Small Area Analysis of Osteosarcoma and Ewing Sarcoma Diagnosed among 0–49-year-olds in Great Britain, 1980–2005’, International Journal of Epidemiology 43, 1 (2014), pp. 224–34. J. Blatter, H. Ingram and P.M. Doughman, ‘Emerging Approaches to Comprehend Changing Global Contexts’, in Blatter and Ingram (eds.), Reflections on Water: New Approaches to Transboundary Conflicts and Co- Operation (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2001), pp. 3–29. K. Block, ‘Deep Structure and Controversy: Re-Reading the Fluoridation Debate’, Health Sociology Review 18, 3 (2009), pp. 246–59. P.J. Boon, ‘Revisiting the Case for River Conservation’, in P.J. Boon and P.J. Raven (eds.) River Conservation and Management (Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012), pp. 3–14. D.J. Borrett, Something in the Water: The Anti-Fluoride Campaign in Andover, 1955–58 (Andover: Andover History and Archaeology Society, 2002). C. Bose, ‘Technology and Changes in the Division of Labour in the American Home’, Women’s Studies International Quarterly 2, 3 (1979), pp. 295–304. J. Boswell and J. Peters, Capitalism in Contention: Business Leaders and Political Economy in Modern Britain (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997). S. Bowden and A. Offer, ‘Household Appliances and the Use of Time: The United States and Britain since the 1920s’, Economic History Review 47, 4 (1994), pp. 725–48. R. Boyne, ‘Cosmopolis and Risk: A Conversation with Ulrich Beck’, Theory, Culture and Society 18, 4 (2001), pp. 47–64. J. Boys, F. Bradshaw, J. Darke, B. Foo, S. Francis, B. McFarlane, M. Roberts and S. Wilkes, ‘House Design and Women’s Roles’, in J. Boys, F. Bradshaw and J. Darke (eds.), Making Space: Women and the Man Made Environment (London: Pluto Press, 1984), pp. 55–80. I. Bradley, Water: A Spiritual History (London: Bloomsbury, 2012). 288 BIBLIOGRAPHY

S. Brichieri-Colombi, The World Water Crisis: The Failures of Resource Management (London: IB Tauris, 2009). J. Broich, ‘British Water Policy in Mandate Palestine: Environmental Orientalism and Social Transformation’, Environment and History 19, 3 (2013), pp. 255–81. ———, London:Water and the Making of the Modern City (Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2013). K.F. Brown et al., ‘UK Parents’ Decision-Making about Measles–Mumps–Rubella (MMR) Vaccine 10 Years after the MMR-Autism Controversy: A Qualitative Analysis’, Vaccine 30, 10 (2012), pp. 1855–64. L.R. Brown, Plan B: Rescuing a Planet under Stress and a Civilisation in Trouble (London: W.W. Norton, 2003). M. Brown, ‘Seascapes’, in M. Brown and B. Humberstone (eds.), Seascapes: Embodied Narratives and Fluid Geographies (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2015), pp. 13–26. H. Buller, ‘Towards Sustainable Water Management: Catchment Planning in France and Britain’, Land Use Policy 13, 4 (1996), pp. 289–302. R. Butlin, ‘Drainage and Land Use in the Fenlands and Fen-Edge of North-East Cambridgeshire in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries’, in D. Cosgrove and G. Petts (eds.), Water, Engineering and Landscape: Water Control and Landscape Transformation in the Modern Period (London: Belhaven, 1999), pp. 54–76. A. Cairncross, Years of Recovery: British Economic Policy 1945–51 (London: Methuen, 1985). D.A. Caponera, ‘Water Laws in Hydraulic Civilisations’, in G.L. Ulmen (ed.), Society and History: Essays in Honour of Karl August Wittfogel (The Hague: Mouton, 1978), pp. 91–108. A. Carlsson-Hyslop, ‘Storm Surge Science: The London Connection 1928–1953’, in J. Galloway (ed.), Tides and Floods: New Research on London and the Tidal Thames from the Middle Ages to the Twentieth Century (London:Institute of Historical Research, 2010). C. Carstairs, ‘Cities without Cavities: Democracy, Risk and Public Health’, Journal of Canadian Studies 44, 2 (2010), pp. 146–60. ——— and R. Elder, ‘Expertise, Health and Popular Opinion: Debating Water Fluoridation, 1945–80’, Canadian Historical Review 89, 3 (2008), pp. 345–71. P. Castle, The Politics of Fluoridation: The Campaign for Fluoridation in the West Midlands (New Barnet: John Libbey, 1987). P. Catterall, The Macmillan Diaries: The Cabinet Years, 1950–1957 (London: Macmillan, 2003). N. Cawthorne, Shipwrecks: Disasters on the High Seas (London: Arcturus Publishing, 2005). T.V. Cech, Principles of Water Resources: History, Development, Management, and Policy (New York, NY: John Wiley, 2010), xv. BIBLIOGRAPHY 289

K.K. Cheng, I. Chalmers and T.A. Sheldon, ‘Adding Fluoride to Water Supplies’, British Medical Journal 335, 7622 (2007), pp. 699–702. M. Chick, Industrial Policy in Britain 1945–1951: Economic Planning, Nationalisation and the Labour Governments (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997). ———, ‘Clin D’Oeil: Take the S out of State’, Enterprises et Histoire 37, 1 (2004), pp. 182–4. Council on Environmental Quality, Global 2000 Report (New York: Pergamon Press, 1980). C. Chinn, They Worked All Their Lives: Women of the Urban Poor in England, 1880–1939 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1988). D.D. Chiras, Human Body Systems: Structure, Function, and Environment (Burlington, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett, 2011). D. Clampin, ‘The Maverick Mr. Cube: The Resurgence of Commercial Marketing in Postwar Britain’, Journal of Macromarketing 31, 1 (2011), pp. 19–31. B.W. Clapp, An Environmental History of Britain since the Industrial Revolution (London: Longman, 1994). P. Coates, A Story of Six Rivers: History, Culture and Ecology (London: Reaktion, 2013). R. Coles and Z. Millman, ‘Landscape, Well-Being and Environment’, in R. Coles and Z. Millman (eds.), Landscape, Well-Being and Environment (Abingdon: Routledge, 2013), pp. 200–17. T. Collins, ‘Work, Rest and Play: Recent Trends in the History of Sport and Leisure’, Journal of Contemporary History 42, 2 (2007), pp. 397–410. H. Cook, ‘A Tale of Two Catchments: Water Management and Quality in the Wandle and Tillingbourne 1600–1990’, Southern History 30 (2008), pp. 78– 103. T. Cooper, ‘War on Waste? The Politics of Waste and Recycling in Post- WarBritain, 1950–1975’, Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 20, 4 (2009), pp. 53–72. T. Cooper, ‘Burying the “Refuse Revolution”: The Rise of Controlled Tipping in Britain, 1920–1960’, Environment and Planning A 42, 5 (2010), pp. 1033–48. A. Corbin, The Lure of the Sea: The Discovery of the Seaside in the Western World, 1750–1840 (London: Penguin, 1995). S.W. Cordulack, ‘Victorian Caricature and Classicism: Picturing the London Water Crisis’, International Journal of the Classical Tradition 9, 4 (2003), pp. 535–83. R.S. Cowan, More Work for Mother: The Ironies of Household Technology from the Open Hearth to the Microwave (London: Free Association edn., 1989). R. Cossu, ‘Sanitary Landfilling in the UK’, in J.S. Carra and R. Cossu (eds.), International Perspectives on Municipal Solid Wastes and Sanitary Landfilling (London: Academic Press, 1990), pp. 199–220. 290 BIBLIOGRAPHY

L.E. Craine, Water Management Innovations in England (Washington DC: Resource for the Future, 1969). D. Cressy, ‘The Vast and Furious Ocean: The Passage to Puritan New England’, The New England Quarterly 57, 4 (1984), pp. 511–32. J. Curtice, ‘The 1989 European Election: Protest or Green Tide?’, Electoral Studies 8, 3 (1989), pp. 217–30. H. Daly, Steady-State Economics: The Economics of Biophysical Equilibrium and Model Growth (San Francisco: W.H. Freeman, 1977). M. Daunton, House and Home in the Victorian City: Working Class Housing, 1850–1914 (London: Edward Arnold, 1983). C. Davidson, A Woman’s Work is Never Done: A History of Housework in the British Isles, 1650–1950 (London: Chatto and Windus, 1982), p. 32. L. Davidoff, Worlds Between: Historical Perspectives on Gender and Class (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1995). ———, M. Doolittle, J. Fink and K. Holden, The Family Story: Blood, Contract and Intimacy, 1830–1960 (Harlow: Pearson, 1999). ——— and C. Hall, Family Fortunes: Men and Women of the English Middle Class, 1780–1850 (London: Routledge, rev. edn., 2002). A. Davis, ‘A Critical Perspective on British Social Surveys and Community Studies and Their Accounts of Married Life c. 1945–70’, Cultural and Social History 6, 1 (2009), pp. 47–64. ———, Modern Motherhood: Women and Family in England c.1945–2000 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2012). J. Davis, ‘Continuity and Change in English Sea Bathing, 1730–1900: A Case of Swimming With the Tide’, in S. Fisher (ed.), Recreation and the Sea (Exeter: Exeter University Press, 1997), pp. 8–35. R. Deakin, Waterlog (London: Chatto and Windus, 1999). L. Delap, Knowing Their Place: Domestic Service in Twentieth Century Britain (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011). E.R. DeSombre, Global Environmental Institutions (London: Routledge, 2006). M. de Villiers, Water Wars: Is the World’s Water Running Out? (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1999). J.C.I. Dooge, ‘River Works in Famine Ireland’, in T. Tvedt and T. Oestigaard (eds.), A History of Water, Ser. I, Vol. III: The World of Water (London: IB Tauris, 2006), pp. 207–28. C.G. Down, ‘The British Aggregates Industry: Planning and Environmental Issues’, Minerals and the Environment 1, 3 (1979), pp. 112–25. R.A. Downing, ‘Groundwater Resources, their Development and Management in the UK: An Historical Perspective’, Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 26, 4 (1993), pp. 335–58. P. Draper, The Creation of the Department of the Environment (Civil Service Studies No. 4) (London: HMSO, 1977). BIBLIOGRAPHY 291

R.G. Dunbar, Forging New Rights in Western Waters (Lincoln, Neb.: University of Nebraska Press, 1983). P. Dunleavy, The Politics of Mass Housing in Britain, 1945–1975: A Study of Corporate Power and Professional Influence in the Welfare State (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981). D. Edgerton, Warfare State: Britain, 1920–1970 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006) A. Elliott, ‘Beck’s Sociology of Risk: A Critical Assessment’, Sociology 36, 2 (2002), pp. 293–315. G. Endfield, ‘Reculturing and Particularizing Climate Discourses: Weather, Identity, and the Work of Gordon Manley’, Osiris 26, 1 (2011), pp. 142–62. M.P. Escobar and D. Demeritt, ‘Flooding and the Framing of Risk in British Broadsheets, 1985–2010’, Public Understanding of Science 23, 4 (2014), pp. 454–71. M.D. Evenden, Fish versus Power: An Environmental History of the Fraser River (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004). G. Field, ‘Flushing Poisons From the Body Politic: The Fluoride Controversy and American Political Culture, 1955–1965’,inJ.Heideking,J.Helbig and A. Ortlepp (eds.), The Sixties Revisited (Heidelberg: Winter, 2001), pp. 469–85. C. Finlayson, The Improbable Primate: How Water Shaped Human Evolution (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014). D. Finn, ‘Water Wars in Ireland’, New Left Review, Second Series, 95 (Sept.–Oct. 2015), pp. 49–63. T. Fitzpatrick, ‘The Sixth Giant? Environmental Policy and the Labour Government, 1945–51’, Journal of Social Policy 45, 1 (2016), pp. 65–82. R. Flaxman with D. Parkin, Wall of Water: Lowestoft and Oulton Broad during the1953 Flood (Lowestoft: Rushmere, 1993). J.B. Flippen, Nixon and the Environment (Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press, 2000). ———, ‘Richard Nixon, Russell Train, and the Birth of Modern American Environmental Diplomacy’, Diplomatic History 32, 4 (2008), pp. 613–38. R. Foley, Healing Waters: Therapeutic Landscapes in Historic and Contemporary Ireland (Farnham: Ashgate, 2010). J.G. Francis, ‘Natural Resources, Contending Theoretical Perspectives, and the Problem of Prescription: An Essay’, Natural Resources Journal 30 (1990), pp. 263–82. F. Furedi, ‘From the Narrative of the Blitz to the Rhetoric of Vulnerability’, Cultural Sociology 1, 2 (2007), pp. 235–54. N.S. Galbraith, N.J. Barrett and R. Stanwell-Smith, ‘Water and Disease After Croydon: A Review of Water-Borne and Water-Associated Disease in the UK 1937–86’, Water and Environment Journal 1, 1 (1987), pp. 7–21. 292 BIBLIOGRAPHY

W.A. Gamson and P.H. Irons, ‘Community Characteristics and Fluoridation Outcome’, Journal of Social Issues 17, 4 (1961), pp. 66–74. M. Gandy, ‘Rethinking Urban Metabolism: Water, Space and the Modern City’, City 8, 3 (2004), pp. 363–79. ———, The Fabric of Space: Water, Modernity and the Urban Imagination (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2014). J. Gardiner, The Thirties: An Intimate History (London: HarperPress, 2010). S. Gilbert and R. Horner, The Thames Barrier (London: Telford, 1984). J.R. Gillis, For Better, For Worse: British Marriages, 1600 to the Present (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985). R. Girling, Sea Change: Britain’s Coastal Catastrophe (London: Eden Project, 2007). J.J. Gisbon, The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception (Boston: Psychology Press, 1979). R. Glennon, Unquenchable: America’s Water Crisis and What to Do about It (Washington, DC: Island Press, 2009). M. Gonzalez and M. Yanes, The Last Drop: The Politics of Water (London: Pluto Press, 2015). I. Gordon and S. Inglis, Great Lengths: The Historic Indoor Swimming Pools of Britain (Swindon: English Heritage, 2009). O.L. Graham, Toward a Planned Society: From Roosevelt to Nixon (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1976). D. Graham Burnett, The Sounding of the Whale: Science and Cetaceans in the Twentieth Century (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012). H. Grieve, The Great Tide: The Story of the 1953 Flood Disaster in Essex (Chelmsford: Essex County Council, 1959). C. Griffiths, Labour and the Countryside: The Politics of Rural Britain 1918–1939 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007). H. Hahn, ‘Ethos and Social Class: Referenda in Canadian Cities’, Polity 2, 3 (1970), pp. 195–315. A. Hall, ‘The Rise of Blame and Recreancy in the United Kingdom: A Cultural, Political and Scientific Autopsy of the North Sea Flood of 1953’, Environment and History 17, 3 (2011), pp. 379–408. J.W. Hall, P.B. Sayers, M. Walkden and M. Panzeri, ‘Impacts of Climate Change on Coastal Flood Risk in England and Wales: 2030–2100’, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Series A 364, 1841 (2006), pp. 1027–49. M.A. Hajer, ‘Acid Rain in Great Britain: Environmental Discourse and the Hidden Politics of Institutional Practice’, in F. Fischer and M. Black (eds.), Greening Environmental Policy: The Politics of a Sustainable Future (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 1995), pp. 145–64. C. Hall, Running Water: The Essential Guide to the Water Services (London: Robertson McCarta, 1989). BIBLIOGRAPHY 293

S. Halliday, The Great Filth: The War against Disease in Victorian England (Stroud: Sutton Press, 2007). J.D. Hamblin, ‘Gods and Devils in the Details: Marine Pollution, Radioactive Waste, and an Environmental Regime circa 1972’, Diplomatic History 32, 4 (2008), pp. 539–60. ———, Poison in the Well: Radioactive Waste in the Oceans at the Dawn of the Nuclear Age (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2008). C. Hamlin, What Becomes of Pollution: Adversary Science and the Controversy on the Self-Purification of Rivers in Britain 1850–1900 (New York: Garland, 1987). ———, A Science of Impurity: Water Analysis in Nineteenth Century Britain (Berkeley, Cal.: University of California Press, 1990). ———, Public Health and Social Justice in the Age of Chadwick: Britain, 1800– 1854 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998). J.A. Hannigan, Environmental Sociology: A Social Constructivist Perspective (London: Routledge, 1995). B. Harrison, Seeking a Role: The United Kingdom, 1951–1970 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009). A. Hardy, The Epidemic Streets: Infectious Disease and the Rise of Preventive Medicine, 1856–1900 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993). M.G. Harland and H.J. Harland, The Flooding of Eastern England (Peterborough: Minimax Books, 1980). T.U. Hartwright, ‘Worked-Out Gravel Land: A Challenge and an Opportunity’, Environmental Conservation 1, 2 (1974), pp. 139–43. J. Hassan, ‘The Growth and Impact of the British Water Industry in the Nineteenth Century’, Economic History Review 38, 4 (1985), pp. 531–47. ———, ‘The Impact of EU Environmental Policy on Water Industry Reform’, European Environment 5, 2 (1995), pp. 45–51. ———, A History of Water in Modern England and Wales (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1998). ———, ‘Were Health Resorts Bad for your Health? Coastal Pollution Control Policy in England, 1945–76’, Environment and History 5, 1 (1999), pp. 53–73. ———, The Seaside, Health and the Environment in England and Wales since 1800 (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2003). K. Hawkins, Environment and Enforcement: Regulation and the Social Definition of Pollution (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2011 pbk edn.; orig. pub. 1984). K. Hickson, ‘The Postwar Consensus Revisited’, The Political Quarterly 75, 2 (2004), pp. 142–54. V. Higgins and K. Natalier, ‘Governing Environmental Harms in a Risk Society’, in R. White (ed.), Controversies in Environmental Sociology (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004), pp. 77–91. 294 BIBLIOGRAPHY

B. Highmore, The Great Indoors: At Home in the Modern British House (London: Profile Books, 2014). J. Hill, Sport, Leisure and Culture in Twentieth-Century Britain (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002). M. Hillman, ‘Children’s Rights and Adult Wrongs’, Children’s Geographies 4, 1 (2006), pp. 61–67. J. Hinton, ‘Militant Housewives: The British Housewives’ League and the Attlee Government’, History Workshop Journal 38 (1994), pp. 129–56. P. Hoare, The Sea Inside (London: Fourth Estate, 2013). J. Holder, ‘The Nation State or the United States? The Irresistible Kitchen of the British Ministry of Works, 1944 to 1951’, in R. Oldenziel and K. Zachmann (eds.), Cold War Kitchen: Americanization, Technology, and European Users (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2009), pp. 235–58. A-C.S. Holland, The Water Business: Corporations Versus People (London: Zed Books, 2005). J. Hollows, ‘The Feminist and the Cook: Julia Child, Betty Friedan and Domestic Femininity’, in E. Casey and L. Martens (eds.) Gender and Consumption: Domestic Cultures and the Commercialisation of Everyday Life (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007), pp. 33–45. R.W. Horner, ‘Current Proposals for the Thames Barrier and The Organization of the Investigations’, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 272 (1972), pp. 223–43. W. Howarth and D. McGillivray, Water Pollution and Water Quality Law (Crayford: Shaw and Sons, 2001). A. Howkins, ‘Science, Environment and Sovereignty: The International Geophysical Year in the Antarctic Peninsula Region’, in P. Launius, J.R. Fleming and D.H. DeVorkin (eds.), Globalizing Polar Science: Reconsidering the International Polar and Geophysical Years (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), pp. 245–64. C.E. Hunt, Thirsty Planet: Strategies for Sustainable Water Management (London: Zed Books, 2004). A. Hurrell and B. Kingsbury, ‘The International Politics of the Environment’,in A. Hurrell and B. Kingsbury (eds.), The International Politics of the Environment: Actors, Interests and Institutions (Oxford:Clarendon Press, 1992), pp. 1–47. E. Huxley, Peter Scott: Painter and Naturalist (London: Faber and Faber, 1993). B. Jackson, ‘At the Origins of Neo-Liberalism: The Free Economy and the Strong State, 1930–1947’, Historical Journal 53, 1 (2010), pp. 129–51. K. Jefferys, Sport and Politics in Modern Britain: The Road to 2012 (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012). D. Jenkins, ‘“When The Well’s Dry”: Water and the Promise of Sustainability in the American Southwest’, Environment and History 15, 4 (2009), pp. 441–62. BIBLIOGRAPHY 295

G.N. Jenkins, ‘Recent Changes in Dental Caries’, British Medical Journal (Clinical Research) 291, 6505 (1985), pp. 1297–98. A. Jha, The Water Book (London: Headline, 2015). D. C. Johnson, C. E. Enriquez, I. L. Pepper, T. L. Davis, C. P. Gerba and J. B. Rose, ‘Survival of Giardia, Cryptosporidium, Poliovirus and Salmonella in Marine Waters’, Water Science and Technology 35, 11/12 (1997), pp. 261–68. P.A. Johnston, R. L. Stringer, and M. C. French, ‘Pollution of UK Estuaries: Historical and Current Problems’, Science of the Total Environment 106, 1 (1991), pp. 55–70. D.W.M. Johnstone and N.J. Horan, ‘Institutional Developments, Standards and River Quality: A UK History, and Some Lessons for Industrialising Countries’, Water Science and Technolgy 33, 3 (1996), pp. 211–22. E. Jones, Parched City: A History of London’s Public and Private Drinking Water (London: Zero Books, 2013). F. Jones and R. Stanwell-Smith, ‘An Appraisal of the Potential Health Impacts of Sewage Disposal to UK Coastal Waters’, Water and Environment Journal 4, 2 (1990), pp. 295–303. A. Jordan, ‘Integrated Pollution Control and the Evolving Style and Structure of Environmental Regulation in the UK’, Environmental Politics 2, 3 (1993), pp. 405–27. ———, ‘The Politics of Multilevel Environmental Governance: Subsidiarity and Environmental Policy in the European Union’, Environment and Planning A 32, 7 (2000), pp. 1307–24. ——— and J. Greenaway, ‘Shifting Agendas, Changing Regulatory Structures And The “New” Politics Of Environmental Pollution: British Coastal Water Policy, 1955–1995’, Public Administration 76, 4 (1998), pp. 669–94. P. Joyce, The Rule of Freedom: Liberalism and the Modern City (London: Verso, 2003). L. Juda, ‘IMCO and the Regulation of Ocean Pollution from Ships’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly 26, 3 (1977), pp. 558–84. P.S. Juuti, T.S. Katko and E.M. Vinnari, ‘Pasts and Futures of Water’, Environment and History 16, 2 (2010), pp. 167–171. L. Karsten, ‘It All Used to be Better? Different Generations on Continuity and Change in Urban Children’s Daily Use of Space’, Children’s Geographies 3, 2 (2005), pp. 275–90. T.S. Katko, P.S. Juuti and J. Tempelhoff, ‘Water and the City’, Environment and History 16, 2 (2010), pp. 213–34. V. Kelley, ‘“The Virtues of a Drop of Cleansing Water”: Domestic Work and Cleanliness in the British Working Classes, 1880–1914’, Women’s History Review 18, 5 (2009), pp. 719–35. V. Kelley, Soap and Water: Cleanliness, Dirt and the Working Classes in Victorian and Edwardian Britain (London: IB Tauris, 2010). 296 BIBLIOGRAPHY

M. Kendrick, ‘The Thames Barrier’, Landscape and Urban Planning 16, 1–2 (1988), pp. 57–68. I. Kim, ‘A Comparison between the International and US Regimes Regulating Oil Pollution Liability and Compensation’, Marine Policy 27, 3 (2003), pp. 265–79. D. Kinnersley, Coming Clean: The Politics of Water and the Environment (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1994). N. Kirkwood, ‘Manufactured Sites: Integrating Technology and Design in Reclaimed Landscapes’, in N. Kirkwood (ed.), Manufactured Sites: Rethinking the Post-Industrial Landscape (London: Spon Press, 2001), pp. 3–11. D. Kynaston, Family Britain, 1951–57 (London: Bloomsbury, 2009). ———, Modernity Britain: Opening the Box, 1957–59 (London: Bloomsbury, 2013). ———, Modernity Britain: A Shake of the Dice, 1959–62 (London: Bloomsbury, 2014). P. Langford, A Polite and Commercial People: England 1727–1783 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992 pbk. edn.). ———, Women’s Leisure in England, 1920–1960 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2000). C. Langhamer, ‘The Meanings of Home in Postwar Britain’, Journal of Contemporary History 40, 2 (2005), pp. 341–62. ———, The English in Love: The Intimate Story of an Emotional Revolution (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013). A.R.G. Large, ‘Current and Future Challenges in Managing Natural System Variability for River Conservation in European River Basins’, in P.J. Boon and P.J. Raven (eds.) River Conservation and Management (Oxford: Wiley- Blackwell, 2012), pp. 383–401. P. Larkham, ‘Thomas Sharp and the Post-War Replanning of Chichester: Conflict, Confusion and Delay’, Planning Perspectives 24, 1 (2009), pp. 51–75. S. Lavery and B. Donovan, ‘Flood Risk Management in the Thames Estuary: Looking Ahead 100 Years’, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 363, 1831 (2005), pp. 1455–74. L. Lear, Rachel Carson: Witness for Nature (London: Allen Lane, 1997). L.B. Lee, ‘Water Resource History: A New Field of Historiography?’, The Pacific Historical Review 57, 4 (1988), pp. 457–67. M.L. Lees, ‘Inland Water Surveying in the United Kingdom – A Short History’,in Institute of Hydrology, 1985 Yearbook, Hydrological Data UK Series (Wallingford: Institute of Hydrology, 1987), pp. 35–48. G. Lees-Maffei, ‘Accommodating “Mrs. Three-in-One”: Homemaking, Home Entertaining and Domestic Advice Literature in Post-War Britain,’ Women’s History Review 16, 5 (2007), pp. 723–54. S. Leese and J. Baker, Black Saturday: Children’s Eyewitness Accounts of the Flood, Sutton-on-Sea 1953 (Lincolnshire: SBK Books, 2004). BIBLIOGRAPHY 297

J. Lenihan, The Crumbs of Creation: Trace Elements in History, Medicine, Industry, Crime and Folklore (Bristol: Hilger, 1988). L. Lethbridge, Servants: A Downstairs View of Twentieth-Century Britain (London: Bloomsbury, 2013). R. Levitt, Implementing Public Policy (London: Croom Helm, 1980) H. Lewis, Women in Britain since 1945: Women, Family, Work and the State in the Post-War Years (Oxford: Blackwell, 1992). U. Lindner and S.S. Blume, ‘Vaccine Innovation and Adoption: Polio Vaccines in the UK, the Netherlands and WestGermany, 1955–1965’, Medical History 50, 4 (2006), pp. 425–46. P. Lowe, Moralizing the Environment: Countryside Change, Farming and Pollution (London: UCL Press, 1998). P.D. Lowe, ‘Science and Government: The Case of Pollution’, Public Administration 53, 3 (1975), pp. 287–98. ——— and J. Goyder. Environmental Groups in Politics (London: Allen and Unwin, 1983). B. Luckin, Pollution and Control: A Social History of the Thames in the Nineteenth Century (Bristol: Hilger, 1986). ———, ‘At the Margin: Continuing Crisis in British Environmental History?’, Endeavour 28, 3 (2004), pp. 97–100. M.H. Lytle, The Gentle Subversive: Rachel Carson, Silent Spring, and the Rise of the Environmental Movement (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007). R. Macfarlane, The Wild Places (London: Granta Books, 2007). R. MacKay, Half the Battle: Civilian Morale in Britain During the Second World War (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2002). P. Malpass, ‘The Wobbly Pillar? Housing and the British Postwar Welfare State’, Journal of Social Policy 32, 4 (2003), pp. 589–606. J. Manser, Hugh Casson: A Biography (London: Viking, 2000). F.J. Margolis and S.N. Cohen, ‘Successful and Unsuccessful Experiences in Combating the Antifluoridationists’, Pediatrics 76, 113 (1985), pp. 113–19. H. Marland and J. Adams, ‘Hydropathy at Home: The Water Cure and Domestic Healing in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Britain’, Bulletin of the History of Medicine 83, 3 (2009), pp. 499–529. B. Marsden and C. Smth, Engineering Empires: A Cultural History of Technology in Nineteenth-Century Britain (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005). B. Martin, ‘Coherency of Viewpoints Among Fluoridation Partisans’, Metascience 6, 1 (1988), pp. 2–19. ———, Scientific Knowledge in Controversy: The Social Dynamics of the Fluoridation Debate (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991). D.A. McColl, ‘Ad Fontes: Iconoclasm by Water in the Reformation World’,inM. W. Cole (ed.), The Idol in the Age of Art: Objects, Devotions and the Early Modern World (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2009), pp. 183–214. 298 BIBLIOGRAPHY

R.M. McGonigle and M.W. Zacher, Pollution, Politics, and International Law: Tankers at Sea (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982). D. McNeil, The Fight for Fluoridation (New York: Oxford University Press, 1957). ———, ‘America’s Longest War: The Fight over Fluoridation’, The Wilson Quarterly 9, 3 (1985), pp. 140–153. J.R. McNeil, ‘Observations on the Nature and Culture of Environmental History’, History and Theory 42, 4 (2003), pp. 5–43. W. Medd and E. Shove, The Sociology of Water Use (London: UK Water Industry Research, 2007). J. Meek, Private Island: Why Britain Now Belongs to Someone Else (London: Verso, 2014). M.C. Meyer, Water in the Hispanic Southwest: A Social and Legal History 1550– 1850 (Tuscon, Ariz.: University of Arizona Press, 1984). P.C. Milazzo, Unlikely Environmentalists: Congress and Clean Water, 1945–1972 (Lawrence, Kan.: University of Kansas Press, 2006). I. Miller, ‘The Mind and Stomach at War: Stress, British Society and the Second World War’, Medical History 54, 1 (2010), pp. 95–110. ———, Water: A Global History (London: Reaktion Books, 2015). R. Millward, ‘The Political Economy of Urban Utilities in Britain 1840–1950’,in M. Daunton (ed.), The Cambridge Urban History of Britain, Vol. III, 1840– 1950 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), pp. 315–49. ——— and F. Bell, ‘Choices for Town Councillors in Nineteenth Century Britain: Investment in Public Health and its Impact on Mortality’, in S. Sheard and H.J. Power (eds.), Body and City: Histories of Public Health (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000), pp. 143–65. S. Mithen, Thirst: Water and Power in the Ancient World (Cambridge, Mass.: W&N Publishers, 2012). S. Mnookin, The Panic Virus: A True Story of Medicine, Science, and Fear (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2011). S. Moga, ‘Shifting Currents: Intellectual and Political Histories of the Urban Water Supply’, Journal of Urban History 42, 1 (2016), pp. 233–36. J. Moran, Reading the Everyday (London: Routledge, 2005). ———, Queuing for Beginners: The Story of Daily Life from Breakfast to Bedtime (London: Profile, 2007). S. Mosley, ‘Common Ground: Integrating Social and Environmental History’, Journal of Social History 39, 3 (2006), pp. 915–33. ———, ‘Coastal Cities and Environmental Change’, Environment and History 20, 4 (2014), pp. 517–33. A. Mullen and B. Burkitt, ‘Spinning Europe: Pro-European Union Propaganda Campaigns in Britain, 1962–1975’, The Political Quarterly 76, 1 (2005), pp. 100–13. N. Myers, Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management (London: Gaia, 1984). BIBLIOGRAPHY 299

M. Newson, Land, Water and Development: Sustainable and Adaptive Management of Rivers (London: Routledge, 3rd edn., 2009). T. Noakes, Waterlogged: The Serious Problem of Overhydration in Endurance Sports (Champaign, Il.: Human Kinetics, 2012). J. Nuttall, Psychological Socialism: The Labour Party and Qualities of Mind and Character, 1931 to the Present (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2006). P. Odih, Ecofeminist Water Ecology (London: Goldsmiths, University of London Press, 2013). R. Ogley, ‘Between the Devil and the Law of the Sea: The Generation of Global Environmental Norms’, in J. Vogler and M.F. Imber (eds.), The Environment and International Relations (London: Routledge, 1996), pp. 155–69. G. O’Hara, Britain and the Sea since 1600 (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2010). ———, ‘Parties, People and Parliament: Britain’s “Ombudsman” and the Politics of the 1960s’, Journal of British Studies 50, 3 (2011), pp. 690–714. T. O’Neill, ‘Oil Spill Contingency Plans and Policies in Norway and the United Kingdom’, Coastal Zone Management Journa l 8, 4 (1980), pp. 289–317. Open University OpenLearn, Water in the UK (Milton Keynes: Open University, 2016). G. Ortolano, ‘Planning the Urban Future in 1960s Britain’, Historical Journal 54, 2 (2011), pp. 477–507. C. Otter, The Victorian Eye: A Political History of Light and Vision in Britain, 1800–1910 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008). S. Owens, ‘Experts and the Environment: The UK Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution 1970–2011’, Journal of Environmental Law 24, 1 (2012), pp. 1–22. L. Paine, The Sea and Civilization: A Maritime History of the World (London: Atlantic Books, 2014). E. Pawson, ‘On the Edge: Making Urban Places’, in E. Pawson and T. Brooking (eds.), Environmental Histories of New Zealand (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002), pp. 200–213. D. Pearce, ‘Environmental Appraisal and Environmental Policy in the European Union’, Environmental and Resource Economics 11, 3/4 (1998), pp. 489–501. S. Peckham, D. Lowery and S. Spencer, ‘Are Fluoride Levels in Drinking Water Associated with Hypothyroidism Prevalence in England? A Large Observational Study of GP Practice Data and Fluoride Levels in Drinking Water’, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 69, 7 (2016), pp. 619–24. E. Penning-Rowsell, C. Johnson and S. Tunstall, ‘“Signals” From Pre-Crisis Discourse: Lessons from UK Flooding for Global Environmental Policy Change?’, Global Environmental Change 16, 4 (2006), pp. 323–39. 300 BIBLIOGRAPHY

P.E. Peterson and M.A. Lennon, ‘Effective Use of Fluorides for Prevention of Dental Caries in the 21st Century: The WHO Approaches’, Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 32 (2004), pp. 319–21. J. Phillips, The Industrial Politics of Devolution: Scotland in the 1960s and 1970s (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2008). L. Picard, Victorian London: The Life of a City, 1840–1870 (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2006). D.L. Pike, ‘Sewage Treatments: Vertical Space and Waste in Nineteenth-Century Paris and London’, in W.A. Cohen and R. Johnson (eds.), Filth: Dirt, Disgust and Modern Life (London: University of Minnesota Press, 2005), pp. 51–77. S. Pink, Situating Everyday Life: Practices and Places (London: Sage, 2012). M. Pollard, North Sea Surge: The Story of the East Coast Floods of 1953 (Lavenham: Dalton, 1978). K. Pond, Water Recreation and Disease: Plausibility of Associated Infections: Acute Effects, Sequelae and Mortality (London: World Health Organisation, 2005). E. Porter, Water Management in England and Wales (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978). V. Porter, Yesterday’s Countryside (London: David and Charles, 2006). S. Pritchard, Confluence: The Nature of Technology and the Remaking of the Rhône (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2011). J. Purseglove, Taming the Flood: A History and Natural History of Rivers and Wetlands (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988). J. Radkau, Nature and Power: A Global History of the Environment (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Eng. trans., 2008). P.J.G. Ransom, Waterways Restored (London: Faber, 1974). D. Redford, ‘Introduction’, in D. Redford (ed.), Maritime History and Identity: The Sea and Culture in the Modern World (London: IB Tauris, 2013), pp. 1–10. P. Rennoldson Smith, The 1953 Essex Flood Disaster: The People’s Story (Stroud: The History Press, 2012). M. Reuss, ‘Coping with Uncertainty: Social Scientists, Engineers, and Federal Water Resources Planning’, Natural Resources Journal 32 (1992), pp. 101–35. ———, ‘Historical Explanation and Water Issues’, From Potential Conflict to Cooperation Potential (PCCP):Water for Peace, World Water Assessment Programme 19 (2002). ———, ‘Seeing Like an Engineer: Water Projects and the Mediation of the Incommensurable’, Technology and Culture 49, 3 (2008), pp. 531–46. L. Risso, ‘NATO and the Environment: The Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society’, Contemporary European History 25, 3 (2016), pp. 505–35. H. Ritvo, The Dawn of Green: Manchester, Thirlmere and Modern Environmentalism (Chicago, Ill: University of Chicago Press, 2009). E. Roberts, Women and Families: An Oral History 1940–70 (Oxford: Blackwell, 1995). BIBLIOGRAPHY 301

O. Roberts, ‘Constructing a Myth of Purity: The Marketing of Welsh Water’,in T. Tvedt and T. Oestigaard (eds.), A History of Water, Ser. I, Vol. III: The World of Water (London: IB Tauris, 2006), pp. 254–68. M. Robinson, The Greening of British Party Politics (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992). D. Roche, A History of Everyday Things: The Birth of Consumption in France (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Eng. trans., 2000). C. Rootes, ‘Environmental Protest in Britain, 1988–1997’, in B. Seel, M. Paterson and B. Doherty (eds.), Direct Action in British Environmentalism (London: Routledge, 2000), pp. 25–61. C. Rose, The Dirty Man of Europe: The Great British Pollution Scandal (London: Simon and Schuster, 1990). N. Rosenberg, Economic Planning in the British Building Industry 1945–49 (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1960). L. Rosenthal, The River Pollution Dilemma in Victorian England: Nuisance Law versus Economic Efficiency (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2014). H.M. Rozwadowski, ‘Arthur C. Clarke and the Limitations of the Ocean as a Frontier’, Environmental History 17, 3 (2012), pp. 578–602. ———, ‘The Promise of Ocean History for Environmental History’, Journal of American History 100, 1 (2013), pp. 136–39. ———, ‘Focus: Knowing the Ocean: A Role for the History of Science’, Isis 105, 2 (2014), pp. 335–37. A. Rugg-Gunn, ‘Preventing the Preventable: The Enigma of Dental Caries’, British Dental Journal 191, 9 (2001), pp. 478–88. L. Ryan, ‘Leaving Home: Irish Press Debates on Female Employment, Domesticity and Emigration to Britain in the 1930s’, Women’s History Review 12, 3 (2003), pp. 387–406. F. Sandbach, ‘The Rise and Fall of the Limits to Growth Debate’, Social Studies of Science 8, 4 (1978), pp. 495–520. H. Sapolsky, ‘The Fluoridation Controversy: An Alternative Explanation’, Public Opinion Quarterly 33, 2 (1969), pp. 240–48. M. Savage, Identities and Social Change in Britain since 1940: The Politics of Method (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010). S. Schama, Landscape and Memory (London: Harper Collins, 1995). S. Schrafstetter and S. Twigge, ‘Spinning into Europe: Britain, West Germany and the Netherlands–Uranium Enrichment and the Development of the Gas Centrifuge 1964–1970’, Contemporary European History 11, 2 (2002), pp. 253–72. E.F. Schumacher, Small is Beautiful: A Study of Economics as if People Mattered (London: Blond and Briggs, 1973). G. Scott, ‘Workshops Fit For Homeworkers: The Women’s Co-Operative Guild and Housing Reform in Mid-Twentieth Century Britain’, in E. Darling and L. 302 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Whitworth (eds.), Women and the Making of Built Space in England, 1870– 1950 (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007), pp. 163–80. J. Scott, When the Waves Ruled Britannia: Geography and Political Identities, 1500–1800 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011). J.W. Scott, Gender and the Politics of History (New York: Columbia University Press, rev. edn., 1999). ———, The Fantasy of Feminist History (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011). P. Scott, The Making of the Modern British Home: The Suburban Semi and Family Life Between the Wars (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013). J. Seabrook, The Leisure Society (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988). W.R.D. Sewell, J.T. Coppock and A. Pitkethly, Institutional Innovation in Water Management: The Scottish Experience (Norwich: Geo Books, 1985). W.A. Seymour (ed.), A History of the Ordnance Survey (Folkestone: Dawson, 1980). P. Shapely, The Politics of Housing: Power, Consumers and Urban Culture (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2007). J. Sheail, ‘Planning, Water Supplies and Ministerial Power in Inter-War Britain’, Public Administration 61, 4 (1983), pp. 386–95. ———, ‘Green History – The Evolving Agenda’, Rural History 4, 2 (1993), pp. 209–23. ———, ‘Town Wastes, Agricultural Sustainability and Victorian Sewage’, Urban History 23, 2 (1996), pp. 189–210. ———, ‘“Never Again”: Pollution and the Management of Watercourses in Postwar Britain’, Journal of Contemporary History 33, 1 (1998), esp. pp. 117–33. ———, An Environmental History of Twentieth Century Britain (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002). ———, ‘Torrey Canyon: The Political Dimension’, Journal of Contemporary History 42, 3 (2007), pp. 485–504. V. Shiva, Water Wars: Privatization, Pollution and Profit (London: Pluto Press, 2002). E. Shove, Comfort, Cleanliness and Convenience: The Social Organization of Normality (Oxford: Berg, 2003). P. Sloman, The Liberal Party and the Economy, 1929–1964 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015). C. Smith, City Water, City Life: Water and the Infrastructure of Ideas in Urbanizing Philadelphia, Boston and Chicago (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013). T.C. Smout, ‘Garrett Hardin, The Tragedy of the Commons and the Firth of Forth’, Environment and History 17, 3 (2011), pp. 357–78. ——— and M. Stewart, The Firth of Forth: An Environmental History (Edinburgh: Birlinn, 2012). BIBLIOGRAPHY 303

D. Soll, Empire of Water: An Environmental and Political History of the New York City Water Supply (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2013). S. Solomon, Water: The Epic Struggle for Wealth, Power and Civilization (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010). P. Sousounis, R. Brito, and N. Ma, ‘Coastal Flooding in the United Kingdom, 1953 and Now’, Air Worldwide, 21 February 2013, http://www.air-world wide.com/Publications/AIR-Currents/2013/Coastal-Flooding-in-the- United-Kingdom,-1953-and-Now/. T. Standage, A History of the World in Six Glasses (London: Atlantic, 2005). J. Stauffer, The Water Crisis: Constructing Solutions to Freshwater Pollution (London: Earthscan, 1998). O.S. Stokke, ‘Beyond Dumping? The Effectiveness of the London Convention’, Yearbook of International Co-Operation on the Environment and Development 2, 1 (1998/99), pp. 39–42. V. Strang, The Meaning of Water (Oxford: Berg, 2004). J. A. Steers, ‘The East Coast Floods, January–February 1953’, The Geographical Journal 119, 3 (1953), pp. 280–95. N.R. Storey, Norfolk Floods: An Illustrated History of 1912, 1938 and 1953 (Wellington: Halsgrove, 2012). P. Summerfield, Reconstructing Women’s Wartime Lives (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1998). D. Summers, The East Coast Floods (Newton Abbot: David and Charles, 1978). E. Swyngedouw, Social Power and the Urbanization of Water: Flows of Power (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004). S. Szreter and K. Fisher, Sex before the Sexual Revolution: Intimate Life in England 1918–1963 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010). J.A. Tarr, ‘The Metabolism of the Industrial City: The Case of Pittsburgh’, Journal of Urban History 28, 5 (2002), pp. 511–45. V. Taylor, H. Chappells, W. Medd and F. Trentmann, ‘Drought is Normal: The Socio-Technical Evolution of Drought and Water Demand in England and Wales, 1893–2006’, Journal of Historical Geography 35, 3 (2009), pp. 568–91. ——— and F. Trentmann, ‘From User to Consumer: Water Politics in Nineteenth-Century London’, in F. Trentmann (ed.), The Making of the Consumer (Oxford: Berg, 2006), pp. 53–79. ———, ‘Liquid Politics: Water and the Politics of Everyday Life in the Modern City’, Past and Present 211, 1 (2011), pp. 199–241. C.A. Tandy, ‘Children’s Diminishing Play Space: A Study of Inter-Generational Change in Children’s Use of their Neighbourhoods’, Australian Geographical Studies 32, 2 (1999), pp. 154–62. J. Tempelhoff, ‘Recent Trends in South African Water Historiography’, TD: The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa 4, 1 (2008), pp. 271–96. 304 BIBLIOGRAPHY

P. Thane and E. Breitenbach, Women and Citizenship in Britain and Ireland in the Twentieth Century: What Difference did the Vote Make? (London: Continuum, 2010). M. Thøfner, ‘Framing the Sacred: Lutheran Church Furnishings in the Holy Roman Empire’, in A. Spicer (ed.), Lutheran Churches in Early Modern Europe (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2012), pp. 97–132. I. Thompson, The English Lakes: A History (London: Bloomsbury, 2010). M. Thomson, Lost Freedom: The Landscape of the Child and the British Post-War Settlement (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013). M. Tichelar, ‘The Labour Party, Agricultural Policy and the Retreat from Rural Land Nationalisation during the Second World War’, Agricultural History Review 51, 2 (2003), pp.209–25. S. Todd, Young Women, Work, and Family in England, 1918–1950 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005). ———, ‘Affluence, Class and Crown Street: Reinvestigating the Post-War Working Class’, Contemporary British History 22, 4 (2008), pp. 501–18. ———, ‘Domestic Service and Class Relations in Britain, 1900–1950’, Past and Present 203, 1 (2009), pp. 181–204. ———, The People: The Rise and Fall of the Working Class, 1910–2010 (London: John Murray, 2014). C.P. Toumey, Conjuring Science: Scientific Symbols and Cultural Meanings in American Life (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press). F. Trentmann, Empire of Things: How We Became a World of Consumers, From the Fifteenth Century to the Twentty-First (London: Allen Lane, 2016). J. Trottier and S. Fernandez, ‘Canals Spawn Dams? Exploring the Filiation of Hydraulic Infrastructure’, Environment and History 16, 1 (2010), pp. 97–123. D. Tulodziecki, ‘Principles of Reasoning in Historical Epidemiology’, Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18, 5 (2012), pp. 968–73. G. Turner, Money Down the Drain: Getting a Better Deal for Consumers from the Water Industry (London: Centre Forum, 2013). D.J. Turton, ‘Wading In: Environmental Governance and Queensland’s Clean Waters Act 1971’, James Cook University Law Review 17 (2010), pp. 46–82. T. Tvedt and R. Coopey, ‘Water History is World History’, in T. Tvedt and R. Coopey (eds.), A History of Water, Ser. II, Vol. II: Rivers and Society from Early Civilizations to Modern Times (London: IB Tauris, 2010), pp. 3–28. ——— and T. Oestigaard, ‘A History of the Ideas of Water: Deconstructing Nature and Constructing Society’, in T. Tvedt and T. Oestigard (eds.), A History of Water. Ser. II, Vol. I: Ideas of Water from Ancient Societies to the Modern World (London: IB Tauris, 2009), pp. 1–36. G.L. Ulmen, The Science of Society: Toward an Understanding of the Life and work of Karl August Wittfogel (The Hague: Mouton, 1978). BIBLIOGRAPHY 305

H. Valtin, ‘“Drink at Least Eight Glasses of Water a Day.” Really? Is There Scientific Evidence for “8×8”?’, American Journal of Physiology – Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 283, 5 (2002), pp. 993–1004. I.P. Vaughan and S.J. Ormerod, ‘A20–Year View of Monitoring Ecological Quality in English and Welsh Rivers’, in P.J. Boon and P.J. Raven (eds.) River Conservation and Management (Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012), pp. 79–89. A.J. Veal, Sport and Recreation in England and Wales: An Analysis of Adult Participation Patterns in 1977 (Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1979). G. Vigarello, Concepts of Cleanliness: Changing Attitudes in France since the Middle Ages (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988). R. Vinen, National Service: Conscription in Britain, 1945–1953 (London: Allen Lane, 2014). E.M. Vinnari and H. Frederiksen, ‘Water, Food and the Economy’, Environment and History 16, 2 (2010), pp. 195–212. W. Vogt, Road to Survival (London: Victor Gollancz, 1949). M. Waite, Sustainable Water Resources in the Built Environment (London: IWA Publishing, 2010). G. Walker, ‘A Critical Examination of Models and Projections of Demand in Water Utility Resource Planning in England and Wales’, International Journal of Water Resources Development 29, 3 (2013), pp. 353–72. B. Wall et al., ‘Current Hydration Guidelines are Erroneous: Dehydration Does Not Impair Exercise Performance in the Heat’, British Journal of Sports Medicine (September 2013). J.K. Walton, The English Seaside Resort: A Social History, 1750–1914 (Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1983). ———, The British Seaside: Holidays and Resorts in the Twentieth Century (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2000). J. Walvin, Leisure and Society, 1830–1950 (London: Longman, 1978). A. Weale, ‘Environmental Regulation and Administrative Reform in Britain’,inG. Majone (ed.), Regulating Europe (London: Routledge, 1996), pp. 106–30. B. Wheaton, ‘Identity, Politics, and the Beach: Environmental Activism in Surfers Against Sewage’, Leisure Studies 26, 3 (2007), pp. 279–302. A.C. Whipple, ‘“Into Every Home, Into Every Body”: Organicism and Anti- Statism in the British Anti-Fluoridation Movement, 1952–1960’, Twentieth Century British History 21, 3 (2010), pp. 330–49. R. White, The Organic Machine: The Remaking of the Columbia River (New York: Hill and Wang, 1995). R. Wilk, ‘Bottled Water: The Pure Commodity in the Age of Branding’, Journal of Consumer Culture 6, 3 (2006), pp. 303–25. 306 BIBLIOGRAPHY

D.S. Wilson, ‘ANewLookattheAffluent Worker: The Good Working Mother in Post-War Britain’, Twentieth Century British History 17, 2 (2006), pp. 206–29. E.O. Wilson, Biophilia: The Human Bond with Other Species (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1984). A.S. Wohl, Endangered Lives: Public Health in Victorian Britain (London: Dent, 1983). B. Wood, The Process of Local Government Reform 1966–74 (London: Allen and Unwin, 1976). M. Wood, ‘Paradoxical Politics: Emergency, Security and the Depoliticisation of Flooding’, Political Studies 64, 3 (2016), pp. 699–718. D. Worster, ‘The Vulnerable Earth: Towards a Planetary History’, in D. Worster (ed.), The Ends of the Earth: Perspectives on Modern Environmental History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), pp. 3–22. J. Wrapson, ‘Artificial Fluoridation of Public Water Supplies in New Zealand: “Magic Bullet”, “Rat Poison”, or Communist Plot?’, Health and History 7, 1 (2005), pp. 17–29. P. Wright, A Journey Through Ruins: The Last Days of London (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009 edn.). R. Wurzel, Environmental Policy-Making in Britain, Germany and the European Union: The Europeanisation of Air and Water Pollution Control (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2002). B. Wynne, ‘May the Sheep Safely Graze? A Reflexive View of the Expert-Lay Knowledge Divide’, in S. Lash, B. Szerszynski and B. Wynne (eds.), Risk, Environment and Modernity: Towards a New Ecology (London: Sage, 1996), pp. 44–83. I. Young, Enigma Variations: Love, War and Bletchley Park (Edinburgh: Mainstream Publishing, 1990). I.–E. Zipporah et al., ‘Water Fluoridation for the Prevention of Dental Caries’, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 6 (2015). C. Zmroczek, ‘Dirty Linen: Women, Class and Washing Machines, 1920s–1960s’, Women’s Studies International Forum 15, 2 (1992), pp. 173–85. I. Zweiniger-Bargielowska, ‘Rationing, Austerity and the Conservative Party Recovery after 1945’, Historical Journal 37, 1 (1994), pp. 173–97. ———, Austerity in Britain: Rationing, Controls and Consumption (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000). ———, ‘Housewifery’, in Zweiniger-Bargielowska (ed.), Women in Twentieth Century Britain (London: Routledge, 2001), 149–64. ———, ‘Building a British Superman: Physical Culture in Interwar Britain’, Journal of Contemporary History 41, 4 (2006), pp. 595–610. ———, Managing the Body: Beauty, Health and Fitness in Britain, 1880s–1939 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010). INDEX

A Baths, bathing, 7, 164, 185, 188, Addison, Christopher, 35 189, 194 Advisory Committee on Oil Pollution Batisse, Michael, 30 of the Sea, 118, 167 Bauman, Zygmunt, 249 Agricultural Workers’ Union, 38, 203 Beck, Ulrich, 218, 219, 221 Andover, 215–218, 225, 230 Beinart, William, 255 Anglesey, 216–217 Bell, Sarah, 10 Angling Benidickson, Jamie, 262 and parenting, shared activity, 159 Bevan, Aneurin, 35–36, 93, 199 and protests against Birmingham, 9, 99, 156, 189, 225, pollution, 93–95, 100, 250 233, 234 Antarctica, 25, 26, 47n41 Blackbourn, David, 4 Anti-vaccination movements, 237 Bletchley Park, 187 Armer, Sir Frederick, 95 Bloom, John, 190 Ashby, Sir Eric, 128 Bondfield, Margaret, 185 Asimov, Isaac, 25 Borrett, David, 215, 216 Atomic Energy Authority (AEA), 119, Boyd-Carpenter, John, 118 133 Bristol, 20, 93, 231, 233 Attlee, Clement, 36, 40 British Broadcasting Corporation Australia, 224 (BBC), 20, 118, 151, 157, 160, Australopithecus, 2 163, 164, 218 British Housewives’ League, 217 British Medical Association B (BMA), 163, 164 Bakker, Karen, 36 British Safety Council, 156 Ballard, J.G., 72, 188 British Waterways Board, 99, 151 Bankoff, Greg, 2 British Waterworks Association, 228, Barcelona Convention (1976), 126 229 Barloch, Lord Douglas, 221, 223, 224 Broich, John, 9, 11

© The Author(s) 2017 307 G. O’Hara, The Politics of Water in Post-War Britain, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-44640-4 308 INDEX

Brooke, Henry, 31, 32, 94, 164 Cripps, Stafford, 197 Brussels Conventions on Crossman, Richard, 40, 224 Compensation (1969), 122, 125 Butlin, Billy, 7 D Dale, Tom, 24 C Dalton, Hugh, 36, 198 Callaghan, James, 118, 119, 124 Deakin, Roger, 171 Canada, 22, 222, 228 Dee (river), 90 Canvey Island, 56, 57, 58, 66, Department of Scientific and Industrial 71, 92 Research, 119 Carson, Rachel, 25, 26 Derby, 93 Carter, Vernon Gill, 24 Derwent (river), 58, 93 Casson, Hugh, 193 Driberg, Tom, 68 Castle, Paul, 215 Dublin, 10, 216 Central Council for Physical Dudley Report (Design of Dwellings) Recreation, 157, 159 (1944), 193 Chadwick, Edwin, 8 Duke of Edinburgh, 19, 150 Chasemore v. Richards case (1859), 85 Dumping at Sea Act (1974), 135 Churchill, Winston, 62, 68 Citizens’ Advice Bureaux, 58 Clark, Arthur C., 25 Clavell Blount, Patrick, 224 E Coastal Anti-Pollution League Eccles, David, 149 (CAPL), 163, 165, 166 Edinburgh, 19, 94, 150 Coast Protection Act (1949), 60, 67, Eisenhower, Dwight D., President, 26 69 Elliott, Anthony, 219 Coates, Peter, 5 Environmental Quality Council Confederation of British Industry, 97, (USA), 103 98, 100, 169 Erith, 59, 76 Conservative Party, 37 European Action Programme on the Contract Regarding an Interim Environment (1973), 167 Settlement of Tanker Liability for European Economic Community/ Oil Pollution (1971), 122 European Union (EEC/ Control of Pollution Act (1974), 94, EU), 131, 167, 169, 170, 100, 104, 138, 168 227, 261 Coopey, Richard, 5, 260 Evenden, Matthew, 5 Corfield, Frederick, 149, 150 Council for the Protection of Rural England, 168 F Countryside Act (1968), 96, 150 Federation of British Industries, 29 Courtenay, Tom, 194 Felixstowe, 55 INDEX 309

Fernandez, Sara, 5 Hundley, Norris, 6 Fisher, Lettice, 185, 186 Hunstanton, 55, 57 Flood and Tempest Distress Fund Huxley, Julian, 20 (1953), 58 Hydrogen, 1, 3, 25, 73 France, 22, 170 Hydrological Office, 70 Friedan, Betty, 204 Friends of the Earth, 256 I India, 259 G Inland Water Survey Committee, 86, Gaffney, Gertrude, 184 108n13 Gandy, Matthew, 11, 256 Inland Waterways Association, 151 Geological Survey, 87, 108n13 Inter-Governmental Maritime Gibberd, Frederick, 193, 195 Consultative Organization Glasgow, 233 (IMCO), 121, 167 Global warming, 103, 258, 260 International Atomic Energy Gloucester, 187, 224, 232 Agency, 133 Gosport, 163, 166, 169 International Dental Federation, 216 Grand Rapids (Michigan, USA), 216, International Maritime 228 Organisation, 118 Grant, Doris, 220 Investment Programmes Committee Great Ouse (river), 32, 87 (of Cabinet), 61 Great Yarmouth, 57 Green Party, 251 Greenwood, Anthony, 96 J Greenwood, Arthur, 93 Jaywick, 57, 69 Jeger, Lena, 28, 41, 96, 98, 196 Johnson, Alan, 189, 190 H Johnson, James, 94 Haiti, 258 Joseph, Keith, 32, 164, 234 Hamlin, Christopher, 8 Harlow, 91 Hart, Judith, 21 K Harwich, 55–57, 64, 66 Kennet, Lord (Wayland Young), 96, Hassan, John, 4, 5, 6 102, 105, 120, 126, 166 Hatfield, 91 Kerr, Madeline, 193 Heath, Edward, 29, 41, 160, 234 Kilmarnock, 216, 217, 227, 231 Housewives’ Trust, 166 Kirkwood, Niall, 152 Housing Act (1919), 183 Kitchens, 183, 185–192, 194, 195, Howell, Denis, 155, 232 204, 224, 261 Hughes, Lotte, 255 Klein, Viola, 191 310 INDEX

L McNeill, J.R., 5 Labour Party, 30, 37, 38, 60, 196, Measles, Mumps and Rubella 199, 211n98, 230 vaccine, 237 Lake District, 9, 157 Medical Research Council, 164, 216 Land Drainage Act (1930), 66 Merchant Shipping (Oil Pollution) Act Last, Nella, 205 (1971), 123 Lawrence, D.H., 3 Mersey (river), 70, 72, 89, 104–107 Leeds, 9, 31 Michael, William Henry, 85 Lee (river), 91 Miller, Ian, 3 Liberal Party, 2, 19, 199, 220, 250 Mississippi (river), 24 Liverpool, 9, 69, 71, 190, 194 Mitchison, Naomi, 188 Local Government Act (1929), 197 Mithen, Stephen, 255 London, 8–10, 32, 57–59, 65, 72–76, Moga, Steven, 11 90, 92, 102, 118, 122, 124, Morrison, Herbert, 36, 60, 61 131–136, 189, 194, 223, 224, Mosley, Stephen, 11 231, 252 Myrdal, Alva, 191 London Conference on Ocean Dumping (1972), 133 London County Council (LCC)/ N Greater London Council National Farmers Union, 100 (GLC), 9, 10, 72 National Health Service, 7, 230 Long-Range Transboundary Air National Pure Water Association, 220, Pollution Convention 228 (1979), 132 National Trust, 19 Lovelock, James, 27 National Water Council, 35, 42, 99, Lowestoft, 56–58, 60, 123, 124 230 Lubbock, Eric, 221, 228 Newcastle, 92, 93, 185, 233 Lynmouth, 57, 63 Newson, Malcom, 262 New Zealand, 165, 216, 228, 229 North Atlantic Treaty Organisation M (NATO), 22 Mabey, Richard, 151 Norwich, 216, 217, 218, 222 Macfarlane, Robert, 170–171 Novy, Priscilla, 193 Macleod, Iain, 65 Macmillan, Harold, 59–61, 63, 68, 88, 227 O Manchester, 9, 184–185, 189, 194 Oceans Manley, Gordon, 30 international law on shipping Marine Conservation Society, 170 regulations, 122 Marples, Ernest, 59 as percentage of the Earth’s Martin, Brian, 222, 235 surface, 1, 27 INDEX 311

pollution of due to oil, 118, 120, R 167 Ramsar Convention (1971), 21 radioactive materials, dumping Ransome, Arthur, 150 of, 133 Rapaport, Lionel, 221 Organisation for Economic Reformation, 3 Co-Operation and Development Regional Water Authorities, 34, 39, (OECD), 22, 131 41, 42, 94, 230, 232 Osborn, Fairfield, 24 Reuss, Martin, 6 Oslo Convention on the North-East Ribble (river), 94 Atlantic and the Arctic Ritvo, Harriet, 262 (1972), 121 River Authorities, 31, 32, 33, 73, 89, Ostrom, Elinor, 257 90, 92, 95–98, 100, 102, 105, Oxygen, 1, 3, 86, 104 106, 138, 150 River boards, 43, 61–66, 69–74, 86–89, 91, 92, P 94, 97, 120, 162, 168, Paine, Lincoln, 255 202, 252 Parker, John, 37 River Boards Act (1948), 89, 91 Parker Morris Report (Homes for River Pollution Survey, 102 Today and Tomorrow) Rivers Pollution Act (1951), 89, 91, (1961), 193 95, 138 Patients’ Association, 220 Rivers Pollution Act (1961), 89, 91, Plymouth, 231 95, 138 Pollution Rivers (Prevention of Pollution) Act of beaches via sewage, 8, 40, (1876), 86 42, 43, 95, 97, Robinson, Kenneth, 228, 231 98, 164 Rowntree, Seebohm, 185 from farming, 104 Royal College of Surgeons, 150, 154, from oil tankers, 117 171 as requiring regional water Royal Commission on Environmental planning, 42 Pollution, 120, 169, 252 of rivers via industrial Royal Commission on Rivers Pollution pollution, 127 Prevention, 85 Powell, Enoch, 164, 224, 230 Royal Commission on Sewage Pride of Derby case (1952), 93 Disposal, 86 Pritchard, Sara, 11 Royal Life Saving Society, 153, 154, Privatisation, 7, 43, 104, 107, 253, 159, 161 254, 259 Royal National Lifeboat Institution Proudman, Joseph, 32, 69 (RNLI), 161 Public Health Laboratory Royal Society for the Prevention of – Service, 164 Accidents (RoSPA), 154 162 312 INDEX

Royal Society for the Protection of Surfers Against Sewage, 261 Birds (RSPB), 19 Swimming, 19, 150, 151, Rozwadowski, Helen, 137, 255 155–157, 161, 163, 164, Rural Water Supplies Act (1934), 197 166, 252 Rural Water Supplies and Sewerage as leisure, 150, 151, 155 Act (1944), 198 Swyngedouw, Erik, 257

S T Sandys, Duncan, 196, 202 Tanker Owners’ Voluntary Agreement Schama, Simon, 4 on Liability for Oil Pollution Schumacher, E.F., 26 (1969), 121 Scotland, 2, 33, 55, 95, 102, 123, Tarr, Joel, 256 195, 197, 198, 200, 203, 222, Tawe (river), 94 227, 232, 233, 236 Taylor, Vanessa, 4 Scottish Housewives’ Association, 227 Tewkesbury, 254 Scottish National Party (SNP), 250 Thalidomide, 235–236 Scott, Peter, 20, 152 Thames Flood Barrier, 73 Severn (river), 58, 90 Thames (river), 8, 9, 32, 58, 73, Shepherd, Nan, 3 90, 229 Showers, showering, 190, 250 Tipper, Kathleen, 195 Shrewsbury, 225 Torrey Canyon disaster (1967), 121, Smout, T.C., 11 138, 251 Snow, John, 8 Toumey, Christopher, 222 Soll, David, 7 Town and Country Planning Act South Africa, 6, 26, 259 (1968), 120 Southampton, 69, 186, 232, 236 Transport Act (1968), 151 Spring Rice, Margery, 183–184 Trend, Sir Burke, 119 Statistics Trentmann, Frank, 4, 6, 257 on drowning, 155, 161 Trottier, Julie, 5 as important for planning demand Turton, David, 255 and supply, 10, 43 Tvedt, Terje, 5, 260 impossible to compare as between Tye, James, 156 local authorities, 161 Tyne (river), 92, 93 Stevenage, 91 Stewart, Mairi, 11 Stockholm Conference on the Human U Environment (1972), 21 Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Strang, Veronica, 3 (USSR), 21, 26, 134 Strong, Maurice, 128 United Kingdom Independence Party Sullom Voe oil terminal, 124 (UKIP), 250 INDEX 313

United Nations Educational, Scientific Whipple, Amy, 215, 216, 219, 220 and Cultural Organization Whitelaw, William, 234 (UNESCO), 20, 22–24, 30 Wildlife and Countryside Act United States of America (USA), 89, (1981), 96 103, 122, 135, 228 Willey, Fred, 32, 40 Wilmott, Peter, 205 Wilson, Dolly, 253 V Wilson, Edward O., 2 Verney, Ralph, 128 Wilson, Harold, 40, 103 Vogt, William, 24 Wittfogel, Karl, 26 Women’s Co-Operative Guild, 192 Women’s Institute, 37, 184, 185, 195, 196 W Women’s Voluntary Service/Women’s Wakefield, Caroline, 163 Royal Voluntary Service (WVS/ Wales, 2, 5, 7, 34, 36, 41, 43, 90, 91, WRVS), 58, 59, 66, 75, 226 94, 99, 102, 104, 107, 117, 154, World Health Organisation 155, 166, 168, 197, 198, 230, (WHO), 167, 168, 227 234, 261 World Wide Fund for Nature, 20 Walker, Peter, 41, 42, 133 Worster, Donald, 255 Wandle (river), 85 Wye (river), 90 Water Act (1945), 36, 87, 200 Water Resources Act (1963), 89, 98, 99, 150 Water Resources Planning Act (1965) Y (USA), 6 Young, Michael, 205 Water resource surveys, 86–93 Watford, 216, 217, 229 Waverley Committee (on 1953 East Z coast floods), 69, 76 Zuckerman, Sir Solly, 73, 119, 120 Welwyn Garden City, 91 Zweiniger-Bargielowska, Ina, 253