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Cutting Patterns in DW Griffith's Biographs
Cutting patterns in D.W. Griffith’s Biographs: An experimental statistical study Mike Baxter, 16 Lady Bay Road, West Bridgford, Nottingham, NG2 5BJ, U.K. (e-mail: [email protected]) 1 Introduction A number of recent studies have examined statistical methods for investigating cutting patterns within films, for the purposes of comparing patterns across films and/or for summarising ‘average’ patterns in a body of films. The present paper investigates how different ideas that have been proposed might be combined to identify subsets of similarly constructed films (i.e. exhibiting comparable cutting structures) within a larger body. The ideas explored are illustrated using a sample of 62 D.W Griffith Biograph one-reelers from the years 1909–1913. Yuri Tsivian has suggested that ‘all films are different as far as their SL struc- tures; yet some are less different than others’. Barry Salt, with specific reference to the question of whether or not Griffith’s Biographs ‘have the same large scale variations in their shot lengths along the length of the film’ says the ‘answer to this is quite clearly, no’. This judgment is based on smooths of the data using seventh degree trendlines and the observation that these ‘are nearly all quite different one from another, and too varied to allow any grouping that could be matched against, say, genre’1. While the basis for Salt’s view is clear Tsivian’s apparently oppos- ing position that some films are ‘less different than others’ seems to me to be a reasonably incontestable sentiment. It depends on how much you are prepared to simplify structure by smoothing in order to effect comparisons. -
"Our Own Flesh and Blood?": Delaware Indians and Moravians in the Eighteenth-Century Ohio Country
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2017 "Our Own Flesh and Blood?": Delaware Indians and Moravians in the Eighteenth-Century Ohio Country. Jennifer L. Miller Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Miller, Jennifer L., ""Our Own Flesh and Blood?": Delaware Indians and Moravians in the Eighteenth- Century Ohio Country." (2017). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 8183. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/8183 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “Our Own Flesh and Blood?”: Delaware Indians and Moravians in the Eighteenth-Century Ohio Country Jennifer L. Miller Dissertation submitted to the Eberly College of Arts and Sciences At West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Tyler Boulware, Ph.D., chair Melissa Bingmann, Ph.D. Joseph Hodge, Ph.D. Brian Luskey, Ph.D. Rachel Wheeler, Ph.D. Department of History Morgantown, West Virginia 2017 Keywords: Moravians, Delaware Indians, Ohio Country, Pennsylvania, Seven Years’ War, American Revolution, Bethlehem, Gnadenhütten, Schoenbrunn Copyright 2017 Jennifer L. -
The American Indian in the American Film
THE AMERICAN INDIAN IN THE AMERICAN FILM Thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in American Studies in the University of Canterbury by Michael J. Brathwaite 1981 ABSTRACT This thesis is a chronological examination of the ways in which American Indians have been portrayed in American 1 f.ilms and the factors influencing these portrayals. B eginning with the literary precedents, the effects of three wars and other social upheavals and changes are considered. In addition t-0 being the first objective detailed examination of the subj�ct in English, it is the first work to cover the last decade. It concludes that because of psychological factors it is unlikely that film-makers are - capable of advancing far beyond the basic stereotypes, and that the failure of Indians to appreciate this has repeatedly caused ill-feeling between themselves and the film-makers, making the latter abandon their attempts at a fair treatment of the Indians. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface iii Chapter I: The Background of the Problem c.1630 to c.1900. 1 Chapter II: The Birth of the Cinema and Its Aftermath: 1889 to 1939. 21 Chapter III: World War II and Its Effects: 1940 to 1955. 42 Chapter IV: Assimilation of Separatism?: 1953 to 1965. 65 Chapter V: The Accuracy Question. 80 Chapter VI: Catch-22: 1965 to 1972. 105 Chapter VII: Back to the Beginning: 1973 to 1981. 136 Chapter VIII: Conclusion. 153 Bibliography 156 iii PREFACE The aim of this the.sis is to examine the ways in which the American Indians have been portrayed in American films, the influences on their portrayals, and whether or not they have changed. -
Notes on Cinemetric Data Analysis
Notes on Cinemetric Data Analysis Mike Baxter January 2014 Contents 1 Cinemetrics and R 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Cinemetrics 2 1.2.1 The idea 2 1.2.2 Pattern recognition in cinemetrics 3 1.2.3 Lies, damned lies and statistics (and fear) 3 2 Examples 5 2.1 Preamble 5 2.2 Examples 5 2.2.1 ASLs over time 5 2.2.2 Comparison of ASL distributions 6 2.2.3 Pattern and SL distributions 8 2.2.4 Internal pattern - individual films 10 2.2.5 Internal pattern - an example of global analysis 11 2.2.6 Shot-scale analysis 13 3 Getting R, getting started 21 3.1 Finding R 21 3.2 Data entry 21 3.2.1 General 21 3.2.2 Using the Cinemetrics database 22 3.3 Packages 22 3.4 Reading 23 4 Descriptive statistics 24 4.1 Introduction 24 4.2 Basics 24 4.3 Functions 25 4.4 Data manipulation 26 4.5 Illustrative graphical analyses 27 4.6 Definitionsandcommentsonsomesimplestatistics 31 5 Graphical analysis – basics 35 5.1 Histograms 35 5.1.1 Basics – an example 35 5.1.2 Technicalities 36 5.1.3 Example continued - log-transformation 37 5.2 Kernel density estimates 38 5.3 Boxplots 41 5.3.1 Basics 41 5.3.2 Interpretation 42 i 5.3.3 Boxplots and outliers 43 6 Comparative graphical analysis 46 6.1 KDEs and Histograms 46 6.2 Boxplots and violin plots 49 6.3 Cumulative frequency diagrams 49 6.4 Comparison with reference distributions 51 6.4.1 Comparisons with the lognormal distribution 51 6.4.2 Aspects of the normal distribution 51 6.4.3 Normal probability plots 52 6.4.4 Using KDEs for SL comparisons 52 6.4.5 Examples 54 7 Time-series analysis of SLs 58 7.1 Introduction 58 7.2 Polynomial -
Decolonization, Indigenous Internationalism, and the World Council of Indigenous Peoples
Decolonization, Indigenous Internationalism, and the World Council of Indigenous Peoples by Jonathan Crossen A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2014 ©Jonathan Crossen 2014 AUTHOR'S DECLARATION I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract This dissertation investigates the history of the World Council of Indigenous Peoples (WCIP) and the broader movement of Indigenous internationalism. It argues that Indigenous internationalists were inspired by the process of decolonization, and used its logic to establish a new political identity. The foundation of the WCIP helped create a network of Indigenous peoples that expressed international solidarity between historically unconnected communities. The international efforts of Indigenous activists were encouraged both by personal experiences of international travel and post-secondary education, and by the general growth of international non-governmental organizations during the late twentieth century. The growing importance of international non-governmental organizations helped the WCIP secure funding from international developmental aid agencies, a factor which pushed the organization to increase its focus on apolitical economic development relative to the anti-colonial objectives which inspired its foundation. This dissertation examines how Indigenous international organizations became embroiled in the Cold War conflict in Latin America, and the difficulties this situation posed for both the WCIP and the International Indian Treaty Council. -
The Travel Diary of Johann Jacob Schmick of the Moravian Indian Congregation’S Journey to the Susquehanna, 1765
Snow, Swamps, and the Savior: The Travel Diary of Johann Jacob Schmick of the Moravian Indian Congregation’s Journey to the Susquehanna, 1765 Rachel Wheeler, Indiana University—Purdue University, Indianapolis Thomas Hahn-Bruckart, Johannes Gutenberg University at Mainz CONTEXT In early April 1765, a few dozen Indians, mostly Delaware and Mohican, set out from near Bethlehem, Pennsylvania accompanied by two Moravian missionaries, Johann Jacob Schmick and David Zeisberger. They were headed for the upper Susquehanna, where they hoped to establish a new Native Christian community on the site of Wyalusing, a village once home to several members of the party, including the Munsee preacher, Papunhank.1 Along the arduous five-week journey, made even more difficult by the need to give a wide berth to backcountry white settlements seething with anti-Indian sentiment, the travelers endured extreme weather, suffered frequent food shortages, and met with countless challenges along their path. Several members of the party died along the way. One woman, Sophia, made the trip while seven months pregnant. We learn of this journey through the travel diary kept by Schmick who had served as a missionary among the Indians for over a dozen years.2 The diary is fascinating and deeply moving. It mingles the prosaic, the tragic, and the quietly heroic. It recounts the 1 On the history of Wyalusing, see W. C. Reichel, “Wyalusing and the Moravian Mission at Friedenshütten.” Transactions of the Moravian Historical Society vol. 1 (1871) 179-224. Katherine Faull, “From Friedenshütten to Wyoming: Johannes Ettwein’s Map of the Upper Susquehanna (1768) and an Account of His Journey.” Journal of Moravian History. -
Revolution in World Missions
R EADE R S RESPOND TO REVOLUTION IN WORLD MISSIONS “I have just read Revolution in World Missions. This book greatly ministered to me and stirred me in a way no book has ever done. How can we order more copies?” —Pastor J.P., Lakeside, Oregon “Your book stirred me to tears and drove me to prayer!” —Miss J.S., Towson, Maryland “I have read Revolution in World Missions twice, and now I am more convinced than ever that investing in national missionaries and Bridge of Hope children will yield better returns than silver or gold. Thank you for waking me up, Brother K.P.” —Mr. K.G., Calgary, Alberta “I read your book and think it is one of the most dynamic, down-to-earth books that I have ever read. I want to give a copy to our pastor, each board member and selected other people at our church.” —Mr. P.W., Santa Margarita, California “K.P. Yohannan’s book draws the Church back to the very heart of what Christ has called us to do. I would urge every Christian, and especially every pastor, to read this book with a humble heart before the Lord. I’m reading it through again, and it’s still a heart-stirring blessing.” —Pastor M.W., Worthing, England “We have been challenged and convicted by Revolution in W HAT INTE R NAT I ONAL CH ri ST I AN World Missions. We believe that our Lord Jesus is offering us the L EADE R S AR E SAY I NG ABOUT chance to share in His work in Asia—a chance we don’t want to miss!” —Mr. -
Istory of the Nstitutevolume 3
COVER STUDIA 3 TOMO III 402x280_Layout 1 28/04/17 10.07 Pagina 4 ° 3 MARIST BROTHERS TUDIA N STUDIA FMS STUDIA N° 3 FMS S fms History of the Institute marists 2017 Dawn’s uncertain light a new beginning (1985-2016) istory of the nstituteVolume 3 STUDIA Brother Michael C. GREEN fms C. Green Michael GENERAL HOUSE, ROME - 2017 MARIST BROTHERS HISTORY OF THE INSTITUTE OF THE MARIST BROTHERS VOLUME III Dawn’s uncertain light (1985-2016) Brother Michael C. GREEN GENERAL HOUSE, ROME 2017 FMS Studia N° 3 FMS Studia N° 3 - January 2017 Cover: A new dawn breaking at the Hermitage. Director: Pictures and photos: Artwork: Luiz Da Rosa AMEstaún TIPOCROM, s.r.l. Archives of the General House Via A. Meucci 28, Publicatons Commission: 00012 Guidonia Br Antonio Ramalho, Editor: Luiz Da Rosa, Institute of the Marist Brothers Rome (Italia) Estefanía Aguirre General House -Rome Editing and Administration: Author: P.le Marcellino Champagnat, 2. Printer: Br Michael C. Green C.P. 10250 - 00144 ROMA C.S.C. GRAFICA, s.r.l. Telephone (39) 06 54 51 71 Via A. Meucci 28, Supervision: Fax (39) 06 54 517 217 Commission for the Spiritual E-mail: [email protected] 00012 Guidonia Patrimony of the Institute Web: www.champagnat.org Rome (Italia) TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................9 PART 1. SIGNS AND MILEPOSTS 1. THE GENERAL CHAPTERS .......................................................................................17 The Chapters as markers of the journey .....................................................................17 -
Yuri Tsivian
NOTES ON THE MARGINS OF SALT’S AND BAXTER’S STUDIES Yuri Tsivian The place I chose for these notes – on the margins, not in the midst of our conversation on statistics – signals their marginal relevance to our dialog’s central subject: how statistics can help explain the history and vagaries of film cutting. The last thing I want to do to this dialog is to sidetrack it. Unlike my prior interventions, these notes do not qualify as “questions.” These are but asides, for the most part, asides of films history. 1. On pace and pulse It would be nice if 'dramatic tension' could be quantified, so that we could get on with the important job of analysing its relation to all the visible features of movies. It IS something that is conceivably possible, but far away at present. Thus begins Barry Salt’s study Lines and Graphs written in response to my Question 2: What do Lines Tell? Figure 1: The dramatic “pyramid” from Die Technik des Dramas by Gustav Freytag (1876) What Salt is skeptical about is whether pictures like the 1876 diagram on Figure 1 or statements like Epes Winthrop Sargent’s from 1916 (“A diagrammatic representation of the plot should offer a succession of peaks and valleys”, etc.) count as a time-series analysis. “There are no numerical values attached to the points on the curve,” Barry wrote in a letter to me. “In theory it might be possible to measure the ‘dramatic tension,’ or whatever the quantity that is supposed to be represented on the y- axis, but nobody has done it so far. -
Redalyc.ACTRICES DEL CINE MUDO QUE NO SUPERARON LA
Aposta. Revista de Ciencias Sociales E-ISSN: 1696-7348 [email protected] Luis Gómez Encinas ed. España Ballesteros García, Rosa María ACTRICES DEL CINE MUDO QUE NO SUPERARON LA BARRERA DEL SONORO Aposta. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, núm. 71, octubre-diciembre, 2016, pp. 147-191 Luis Gómez Encinas ed. Móstoles, España Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=495952433006 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto aposta revista de ciencias sociales ISSN 1696-7348 Nº 71, Octubre, Noviembre y Diciembre 2016 ACTRICES DEL CINE MUDO QUE NO SUPERARON LA BARRERA DEL SONORO ACTRESSES OF THE SILENT FILMS THAT THEY DIDN'T GET OVERCOME THE SOUND BARRIER Rosa María Ballesteros García Universidad de Málaga (SEIM/UMA) Recibido: 19/09/2015 - Aceptado: 8/04/2016 Formato de citación: Ballesteros García, R.M. (2016). “Actrices del cine mudo que no superaron la barrera del sonoro”. Aposta. Revista de Ciencias Sociales , 71, 147-191, http://apostadigital.com/revistav3/hemeroteca/ballesteros8.pdf Resumen El presente artículo tiene como objetivo recuperar una serie de actrices, ídolos de la etapa del cine mudo, que no lograron mantenerse al iniciarse el proceso al hablado. Ponemos el objetivo en algunas de las actrices más representativas a quienes el progreso técnico iba a condenar al ostracismo al no adecuarse su voz (aún sin la muleta del doblaje) a los inevitables cambios estructurales y auditivos. -
Lost Warrior the Ties That Bind
1 2 Lost Warrior the Ties that Bind An oral family history By Larry Thomas 2005 3 Preface My name is Larry Noel Thomas. I am the oldest of my generation. This really all started when I was a kid listening to my Grandfather and his Brothers telling our family stories. In particular "Uncle Paul" (Earnest Paul) Thomas (the family story teller) who lived in Clinton, Louisiana and Uncle Jack who lives in Jackson, Mississippi told stories of where they come from and the many stories of our ancestors. Both these men were excellent storytellers. Growing up I had met Russell Thomas living in Montgomery County, Mississippi several times. His father was Lon Thomas son of Greenwood Thomas. When Uncle Paul died and was buried in Duck Hill, Mississippi, Uncle Russell gave my father a written record of his oral family history. Uncle Russell's account of our family history and Uncle Paul's accounts were identical. Lineage: (1) I, Larry Noel Thomas was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. I am the oldest son of (2) Edmond Noel Thomas Jr. who was born in Montgomery County, Mississippi. Edmond married Patsy Walker, daughter of Burkie Walker and Marion Tinkle. Edmond was the son of (3) Edmond Noel Thomas who was born on 19 Jan 1907 in Duck Hill, Montgomery, Mississippi. He died on 14 Mar 1970 in Clinton, East Feliciana, Louisiana. Edmond married Mary Elizabeth Holmes, daughter of William Madison Holmes and Ada Beatrice Pierce in Memphis, Shelby, Tennessee. Edmond was the son of (4) John Marshall Thomas who was born on 12 Nov 1871 in Duck Hill, Montgomery, Mississippi. -
The Mists of Rämañña
The Mists of Rämañña Published with the support of the School of Hawaiian, Asian, and Pacific Studies, University of Hawai‘i The Mists of Rämañña The Legend That Was Lower Burma Michael A. Aung-Thwin University of Hawai‘i Press Honolulu © 2005 University of Hawai‘i Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America 1009080706 05 654321 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Aung-Thwin, Michael. The mists of Rämañña : the legend that was lower Burma / Michael A. Aung-Thwin. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8248-2886-0 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Burma—History—To 1824. 2. Burma—Historiography. 3. Legends—Burma. I. Title. DS529.2.A86 2005 959.1—dc22 2004029695 University of Hawai‘i Press books are printed on acid-free paper and meet the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Council on Library Resources. Designed by University of Hawai‘i Press production staff Printed by The Maple-Vail Book Manufacturing Group To my father, a Mon Contents Preface and Acknowledgments ix 1 Introduction 1 2 The Pyü Millennium 13 3 Rämaññadesa, an Imagined Polity 43 4 Thatôn (Sudhuim), an Imagined Center 79 5 The Conquest of Thatôn, an Imagined Event 104 6 The Conquest of Thatôn as Allegory 119 7 The Mon Paradigm and the Origins of the Burma Script 154 8 The Place of Written Burmese and Mon in Burma’s Early History 179 9 The Mon Paradigm and the Evolution of the Pagán Temple 201 10 The Mon Paradigm and the Kyanzittha Legend 236 11 The Mon Paradigm and the Myth of the “Downtrodden Talaing” 261 12 Colonial Officials and Colonial Scholars: The Institutionalization of the Mon Paradigm 281 13 Without the Mon Paradigm 299 Notes 323 Bibliography 403 Index 425 Preface and Acknowledgments In October 1999 the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences, in cooperation with the International Institute of Asian Studies and the Research School of Asian, African and Amerindian Studies, sponsored a colloquium on “Coastal Burma in the Age of Commerce” in Amsterdam.