COLLECTION of PAPERS PRESENTED at the AIRDEV 2012 CONFERENCE Editor
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CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS COLLECTION OF PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE AIRDEV 2012 CONFERENCE Editor: Rosário Macário April 2012 AIRDEV 2012 AIRPORT DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE Conference Proceedings Collection of Papers Presented at the AIRDEV 2012 Conference EDITOR Rosário Macário, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal 989-20-3071 SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Prof. Rosário Macário, Instituto Superior Técnico, Portugal Prof José Viegas, Instituto Superior Técnico, Portugal Prof Eddy van de Voorde, University of Antwerp, Belgium Prof. Jorge Pinho de Sousa, University of Oporto, Portugal Dr. Vasco Reis, Instituto Superior Técnico, Portugal Prof. Jorge Silva, University of Beira Interior, Portugal Prof Richard de Neufville, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Prof Tae Oum, Bristish Columbia University, Canada Prof Kenneth Button, George Mason University, USA Prof Amedeo Odoni, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Prof Cynthia Barnhardt, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Prof Pais Antunes, University of Coimbra, Portugal SYNOPSIS The AIRDEV Project is developed within the MIT Portugal Program. This project tackles the issues of design of business models for airports; and the quantification of the hinterland benefits, with particular focus on the benefits generated from the evolution towards the concept of City Airport. The AIRDEV 2012 Conference gathered academics and professionals from the Air Transport and Airport sectors. The conference was held in Lisbon, Portugal, the 19-20 April, 2012. The organizers welcomed 60 participants from 11 countries to a memorable conference. The conference was held in the Hotel Villa Rica (Lisbon, Portugal). A number of papers and presentations were presented within the following thematic areas: (1) Airport Business Models; (2) Airport Financing and Ownership; (3) Flexibility in the Design of Airport Expansion; (4) Airport Performance; and (5) Airport, Hinterland and Stakeholders. A selection of papers is published in this e-book in PDF format, in one volume. Editorial correspondence should be addressed to Professor Rosário Macário, Instituto Superior Técnico, Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Arquitectura e Georrecursos, Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal. Tel. +351 218418417 | Fax +351 218474650 | [email protected] | www.civil.ist.utl.pt/transport. ISBN: 978-989-20-3071-5 AIRDEV 2012 AIRPORT DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE Conference Proceedings Collection of Papers Presented at the AIRDEV 2012 Conference April 2012 Alexander Chlan . Development of the Prague Airport as a Gate to the Middle 1 and Eastern Europe José Braz, Emília Baltazar, João Jardim, Jorge Silva & Margarida Vaz . 11 Performance and Efficiency Evaluation of Airports. The Balance Between Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) Tools María Valeria Salaris, Sara Peces, Javier García, Jolanta Rekiel & Lourdes 31 García . Benefits of Turnaround Integration into the Airport Business Trajectory: TITAN Miguel Mujica, Michael Laubrock & Miquel Angel Piera . Recent Developments 41 for the Use of Digital Simulation in Airport Performance Evaluation Els Struyf . The Business Model of an Airport 53 Liliana Magalhães, Vasco Reis & Rosário Macário . Flexible Development 81 of Airports: Where we stand now? Margarida Vaz, Jorge Silva, Emília Baltazar, Tiago Marques & Tiago Reis. 93 Dynamic Processes of an Airport’s System. A Value Network Analysis Mosè Ricci & Sara Favargiotti . The Re-Cycle of Secondary Airports and New 115 Opportunities for the Territory - ADES Research (ESPON 2013 Project) João Teixeira . A Case Study on the Selection of Dual Till versus Single Till 135 Charges Antonín Kazda . New Paradigm for Airport Planning 147 AIRDEV 2012 AIRPORT DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE Conference Proceedings Collection of Papers Presented at the AIRDEV 2012 Conference AUTHORS Emília Baltazar, Aerospace Sciences Department, LAETA/UBI-AeroG, Covilhã, Portugal José Braz, Aerospace Sciences Department, LAETA/UBI-AeroG, Covilhã, Portugal Alexander Chlan, University of Pardubice, Czech Republic Sara Favargiotti, IUAV of Venice / Faculty of Architecture of the University of Genoa, Italy Javier García, Boeing R&T-E, S.l.u. Lourdes García, Ineco, Spain João Jardim, Aerospace Sciences Department, LAETA/UBI-AeroG, Covilhã, Portugal Antonín Kazda, University of Žilina, Air Transport Department, Žilina, Slovakia Michael Laubrock, Airport Research Center GmbH, Germany Rosário Macário, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal Liliana Magalhães, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal Tiago Marques, Business and Economic Department, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal Miguel Mujica, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain Sara Peces, ISDEFE, Spain Miquel Angel Piera, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain Tiago Reis, Business and Economic Department, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal Vasco Reis, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal Jolanta Rekiel, Ecorys Nederland BV Mosè Ricci, Faculty of Architecture of the University of Genoa, Italy María Valeria Salaris, ISDEFE, Spain Jorge Silva, Aerospace Sciences Department, LAETA/UBI-AeroG, Covilhã, Portugal Els Struyf, University of Antwerp, Department of Transport and Regional Economics, Belgium João Teixeira, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal Margarida Vaz, Business and Economic Department, NECE, UBI, Covilhã, Portugal AIRDEV 2012, Conference Proceedings Rosário Macário April 2012 EDITOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRAGUE AIRPORT AS A GATE TO THE MIDDLE AND EASTERN EUROPE Alexander Chlan, University of Pardubice, [email protected] ABSTRACT The advantage of airports that is based on their unique placement in the geographical space is also their disadvantage, because it enables them just the growth limited by borders of this space, its capacity and demand in given catchment area. The development of airports is simultaneously dependent on the finding of suitable form of coexistence with surrounding environment since an airport positively influences the socio-economic development of an area in the airport surrounding but it also negatively influences the environment (e.g. excessive noise). Keywords: airport development, parallel runway, noise reduction, capacity increase. INTRODUCTION Prague Airport is the operator of the most important international airport in the Czech Republic and the biggest airport among the new EU member states. In 2008, Prague Airport was voted the best Eastern European airport in the World Airport Awards pole. This international air hub yearly services between 11 and 12 million passengers who can choose from the offer of approximately 50 airlines connecting Prague with about 130 destinations worldwide by direct scheduled flights. There are also 5 regular cargo carriers and other tens of companies providing charter flights from there. Prague Airport operations generated a profit equal to one billion CZK (40 million EUR) in the year 2009. The company employs about 2,200 people and there are about additional 15,000 people employed by companies with presence at the airport or in another way linked with its activities. On account of its exceptional location in the centre of Europe, Prague Airport is also becoming an increasingly important transit hub. Its long-term growth has been fuelled by the Czech Republic’s accession to the European Union in 2004 and its consecutive admission to the Schengen area. Since the end of March 2008, the handling of passengers and baggage destined for Schengen countries has been freed from customs and passport control. Czech Airlines with more than 40% of the airport operations share has been the largest carrier active at the airport while the most dynamically growing sector became that of the low-lost carriers. 2 A. Chlan A joint stock Company Prague Airport (Letišt ě Praha, a. s.) was founded in February 2008 as part of the privatization transformation of a state enterprise Správa Letišt ě Praha, s.p. In line with the Czech Republic Government Memorandum Nr. 888 passed on July 9th, 2008, almost all assets of the state enterprise Správa Letišt ě Praha, s.p. were transferred into the joint stock company Prague Airport as its basic capital on December 1st, 2008. On the given date, Prague Airport assumed all rights and duties of the state enterprise, its employees, business authorisations, certificates and licenses, including all procedures and resources necessary for the airport operations. The sole shareholder of the joint stock company became the Czech Republic represented by the Ministry of Finance. HISTORY OF RUNWAY SYSTEM Prague Airport officially launched its operations in 1937. Its development as well as that of its runway system reflected both Czechoslovakian and European general aviation development trends and tendencies. In compliance with the contemporary needs, there were five grass take-off and landing strips positioned at 45° from one another, forming a star shape, each in the length of 900 – 1050 metres. Take-offs were performed in any direction, always against the direction of the wind. The first paved runways were built during the 1940s as the grass-surfaced ones became unfit for the needs of the quickly developing air transport segment. Construction of the first paved runway started as early as towards the end of 1937. About half of the runway system was finished by the time of the Nazi invasion