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Vietnam) to Attract Overseas Chinese (From 1600 to 1777
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 24, Issue 3, Ser. 1 (March. 2019) 74-77 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org The Policy of the Cochinchina Government (Vietnam) to Attract Overseas Chinese (from 1600 to 1777) Huynh Ngoc Dang1, Cao Dai Tri2 2Doctor of history 1Institute of Cultural History - Hunan Normal University (China) Abstract: Aiming at building a powerful administration to survive and secede, Nguyen clan in Cochinchina was smart and skillful in implementing policies to attract significant resources to serve the reclamation in southern Vietnam, build a prosperous kingdom of Cochinchina and even go further: to create a position to counterbalance and balance the political-military power with Siam (Thailand) in the Indochina Peninsula. One of the critical resources that the feudal government in Cochinchina smartly enlisted and attracted is the Chinese immigrant groups living in Vietnam. Keywords: Cochinchina government, Nguyen clan, Chinese, Policy, Vietnam. I. Overview of the Migration of Chinese to Cochinchina. It is possible to generalize the process of Chinese migration toward Cochinchina into three following stages: Phase 1: From the end of the 16th century to the year 1645. This period has two main events affecting the migration of Chinese to Cochinchina, namely: In 1567, Longqing Emperor (China) issued an ordinance allowing his civilians to go abroad for trading after almost 200 years of maintaining maritime order banning (Vietnamese: Thốn bản bất hạ hải) - do not give permission for an inch of wood to overseas. The second event was Nguyen Hoang’s returning to Thuan - Quang in 1600, began to implement the idea of secession. -
A Study in China and Vietnam During the 16Th and 17Th
2020 ВЕСТНИК САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА Т. 36. Вып. 2 ФИЛОСОФИЯ И КОНФЛИКТОЛОГИЯ РЕЛИГИОВЕДЕНИЕ UDC 211.5+266 A comparison of the missionary method and cultural integration of Jesuits: A study in China and Vietnam during the 16th and 17th centuries Truong Anh Thuan, Nguyen Van Sang The University of Danang, Unversity of Science and Education, 459, Ton Duc Thang st., Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam For citation: Truong Anh Thuan, Nguyen Van Sang. A comparison of the missionary method and cultural integration of Jesuits: A study in China and Vietnam during the 16th and 17th centuries. Vest- nik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2020, vol. 36, issue 2, pp. 407–421. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2020.216 From the end of the 16th century to the beginning of the 17th century, under the direction of the archdiocese in Macao (China), Jesuit missionaries set foot in China and Vietnam in turn to preach the Gospel and convert believers in these two countries. The main reason for the success of the Jesuits was the use of appropriate missionary methods and advocating proper cultural integration in each country. However, due to the different paradigm of historical de- velopment in China and Vietnam, and especially due to disagreement about the perception and behavior of indigenous culture among the Jesuits themselves, the process of evangelization in the two countries occurred differently. Based on historical and logical methods, especially the comparative method, this study analyzes and compares the similarities and differences in missionary methods and the advocacy of cultural integration in the two countries mentioned above. -
China Versus Vietnam: an Analysis of the Competing Claims in the South China Sea Raul (Pete) Pedrozo
A CNA Occasional Paper China versus Vietnam: An Analysis of the Competing Claims in the South China Sea Raul (Pete) Pedrozo With a Foreword by CNA Senior Fellow Michael McDevitt August 2014 Unlimited distribution Distribution unlimited. for public release This document contains the best opinion of the authors at the time of issue. It does not necessarily represent the opinion of the sponsor. Cover Photo: South China Sea Claims and Agreements. Source: U.S. Department of Defense’s Annual Report on China to Congress, 2012. Distribution Distribution unlimited. Specific authority contracting number: E13PC00009. Copyright © 2014 CNA This work was created in the performance of Contract Number 2013-9114. Any copyright in this work is subject to the Government's Unlimited Rights license as defined in FAR 52-227.14. The reproduction of this work for commercial purposes is strictly prohibited. Nongovernmental users may copy and distribute this document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this copyright notice is reproduced in all copies. Nongovernmental users may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies they make or distribute. Nongovernmental users may not accept compensation of any manner in exchange for copies. All other rights reserved. This project was made possible by a generous grant from the Smith Richardson Foundation Approved by: August 2014 Ken E. Gause, Director International Affairs Group Center for Strategic Studies Copyright © 2014 CNA FOREWORD This legal analysis was commissioned as part of a project entitled, “U.S. policy options in the South China Sea.” The objective in asking experienced U.S international lawyers, such as Captain Raul “Pete” Pedrozo, USN, Judge Advocate Corps (ret.),1 the author of this analysis, is to provide U.S. -
Indians As French Citizens in Colonial Indochina, 1858-1940 Natasha Pairaudeau
Indians as French Citizens in Colonial Indochina, 1858-1940 by Natasha Pairaudeau A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of London School of Oriental and African Studies Department of History June 2009 ProQuest Number: 10672932 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672932 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Abstract This study demonstrates how Indians with French citizenship were able through their stay in Indochina to have some say in shaping their position within the French colonial empire, and how in turn they made then' mark on Indochina itself. Known as ‘renouncers’, they gained their citizenship by renoimcing their personal laws in order to to be judged by the French civil code. Mainly residing in Cochinchina, they served primarily as functionaries in the French colonial administration, and spent the early decades of their stay battling to secure recognition of their electoral and civil rights in the colony. Their presence in Indochina in turn had an important influence on the ways in which the peoples of Indochina experienced and assessed French colonialism. -
Exonyms of Vietnam's Vinh Bac Bo (Gulf of Tonkin)
Exonyms of Vietnam's Vinh Bac Bo (Gulf of Tonkin) POKOLY Béla* The presentation is exploring the various exonyms of this south-east Asian gulf, including some historical allonyms. Tonkin is the traditional historical name in most foreign languages for the northern part of Vietnam. Both the local Vietnamese and Chinese names for the feature mean in essence the same thing: “north bay”, even though it lies at the southern part of China. This commonly used meaning also helps co-operation and understanding in a region that saw so much suffering in the 20th century. The Gulf of Tonkin as is known in the English language, is a north-western portion of the South China Sea with an approximate area of 126,000 square kilometres. Its extent is larger than the Gulfs of Bothnia and Finland combined, it is a much more open sea area, with Vietnam (763 km) and China (695 km) sharing its coastlines. Bordered by the northern part of Vietnam, China's southern coast of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island, it is outside the disputed maritime area further out in the South China Sea. The local names for the feature are Vinh Bac Bo in Vietnamese and 北部湾 (Pinyin Beibu Wan) in Chinese. (Fig.1) The toponym gained worldwide attention in 1964 when the controversial Gulf of Tonkin Incident marked the starting point of the escalation of the Vietnam War. The paper does not wish to deal with this event, but tries to present some aspects of the exonyms and local names of this marine feature over time. -
Crossing Cultural, National, and Racial Boundaries: Portraits of Diplomats and the Pre-Colonial French-Cochinchinese Exchange, 1787-1863
CROSSING CULTURAL, NATIONAL, AND RACIAL BOUNDARIES: PORTRAITS OF DIPLOMATS AND THE PRE-COLONIAL FRENCH-COCHINCHINESE EXCHANGE, 1787-1863 Ashley Bruckbauer A thesis submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Art. Chapel Hill 2013 Approved by: Mary D. Sheriff Lyneise Williams Wei-Cheng Lin © 2013 Ashley Bruckbauer ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT ASHLEY BRUCKBAUER: Crossing Cultural, National, and Racial Boundaries: Portraits of Diplomats and the pre-colonial French-Cochinchinese Exchange, 1787-1863 (Under the direction of Dr. Mary D. Sheriff) In this thesis, I examine portraits of diplomatic figures produced between two official embassies from Cochinchina to France in 1787 and 1863 that marked a pre- colonial period of increasing contact and exchange between the two Kingdoms. I demonstrate these portraits’ departure from earlier works of diplomatic portraiture and French depictions of foreigners through a close visual analysis of their presentation of the sitters. The images foreground the French and Cochinchinese diplomats crossing cultural boundaries of costume and customs, national boundaries of loyalty, and racial boundaries of blood. By depicting these individuals as mixed or hybrid, I argue that the works both negotiated and complicated eighteenth- and nineteenth-century divides between “French” and “foreign.” The portraits’ shifting form and function reveal France’s vacillating attitudes towards and ambivalent foreign policies regarding pre-colonial Cochinchina, which were based on an evolving French imagining of this little-known “Other” within the frame of French Empire. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis would not have been possible without the support and guidance of several individuals. -
Adieu Saïgon, Au Revoir Hanoï: the 1943 Vacation Diary of Claudie Beaucarnot English Translation
Adieu Saïgon, Au Revoir Hanoï: The 1943 Vacation Diary of Claudie Beaucarnot English Translation Preface Claudie Beaucarnot (born Beaucarnot) Marmagne, Mars 1990 Vacation, 1943, or Hanoi to Saigon by the Long Way ‘Round To be nice to a friend from the Lycée Albert Sarraut, who wanted to gather together documents in order to assemble an account of the everyday life of the French in Indochina up to 1945, I rummaged through my loose papers saved in a box.1 There, I found these notes, written from day to day in three small notebooks in the car that carried us for the 1943 vacation. I had forgotten them for thirty years! It seemed to me, after reading them again, that they give a small glimpse of the life we lived at the time. I could not have believed that two years after this simple account of our world - of the French of Indochina - would collapse on 9 March 1945.2 1 Madame Beaucarnot deposited a typewritten transcription of her diary with Yvonne Fontain-Biggi, a friend who wanted to collect memoirs of time spent in Indochina. In turn, Ms. Fontain-Biggi deposited these papers at the Archives Nationales, Section Outre-Mer, in Aix-en-Provence. The diary is held at code 67 APOM, d. 2. “Fonds Biggi” The Lycée Albert Sarraut, in Hanoi, was the elite high school for northern Indochina. The Lycée Chasseloup-Laubat, in Saigon, was the equivalent for southern Indochina. 2 In June 1940, when France fell to the German Army, the Germans permitted the creation of residual, pro-fascist state in the southern two-fifths of France known officially as État français and colloquially as Vichy France because its leaders established their capital in the resort town of Vichy. -
The Two B's in the Vietnamese Dictionary of Alexandre De Rhodes
The two b’s in the Vietnamese dictionary of Alexandre de Rhodes André-Georges Haudricourt To cite this version: André-Georges Haudricourt. The two b’s in the Vietnamese dictionary of Alexandre de Rhodes. 2018. halshs-01631486v2 HAL Id: halshs-01631486 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01631486v2 Preprint submitted on 16 May 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Non-final version (May 16th, 2018). In preparation for: Haudricourt, André-Georges. Evolution of languages and techniques. (Ed.) Martine Mazaudon, Alexis Michaud & Boyd Michailovsky. (Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [TiLSM] 270). Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. The two b’s in the Vietnamese dictionary of Alexandre de Rhodes (1974) Originally published in Vietnamese translation as: Hai Chữ B, trong cuốn từ điển của A-lếch-xan đơ Rốt. Ngôn Ngữ [Linguistics] 4 (1974). Haudricourt’s original French typescript was prepared by Nguyen Phu Phong and published in 2005 as: Les deux b du Dictionarium d’A. de Rhodes, Cahiers d’Etudes Vietnamiennes 18, 65–68. It is the basis of the present translation. translated by Alexis Michaud Abstract [This article, intended for non-specialist Vietnamese readers, begins with a typographical curiosity in the romanized spelling of the famous Dictionarium of Alexandre de Rhodes (1651): the modified ꞗ, indicating the bilabial spirant transcribed [β] by linguists. -
Imagining Saigon: American Interpretations of Saigon in the Twentieth Century
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2013 Imagining Saigon: American Interpretations of Saigon in the Twentieth Century Evan Cordulack College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons, Asian Studies Commons, and the Journalism Studies Commons Recommended Citation Cordulack, Evan, "Imagining Saigon: American Interpretations of Saigon in the Twentieth Century" (2013). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539623361. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-r50m-wm81 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Imagining Saigon: American Interpretations of Saigon in the Twentieth Century Evan Cordulack Decatur, Illinois Master of Arts, College of William & Mary, 2005 Bachelor of Arts, College of William & Mary, 2003 A Dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty of the College of William and Mary in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy American Studies Program The College of William and Mary January 2013 © Copyright by Evan Cordulack 2012 APPROVAL PAGE This Dissertation is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Evan Cordulack Approved by the Committee, November, 2012 Committee Co-Chair, Associate Professor Lei^M eyer C ollege of William & Mary Committee Co-Chair Associate Professor Hiroshi Kitamura C ollege of William & Mary yAsspciaty professor Charles McCSdvern sge/of William & Mary A ssociate Professor Kristin H oganson University of Illinois ABSTRACT Saigon has occupied an important place in the American imagination. -
Hung T. Pham, S.J
COMPOSING A SACRED SPACE A Les son from the Cathechismus of Alexandre de Rhodes HUNG T. PHAM, S.J. 6800(5 7+(6(0,1$521-(68,763,5,78$/,7< SUBSCRIPTION INFORMATION, EFFECTIVE JANUARY 2013 The Seminar is composed of a number of Jesuits appointed from their provinces in the United States. U.S. JESUITS: The Seminar studies topics pertaining to the spiritual doctrine and prac- An annual subscription is provided by provinces of the U.S. Assistancy for tice of Jesuits, especially American Jesuits, and gathers current scholarly U.S. Jesuits living in the United States and U.S Jesuits who are still members studies pertaining to the history and ministries of Jesuits throughout the of a U.S. province but living outside the United States. world. It then disseminates the results through this journal. ALL OTHER SUBSCRIPTIONS: The issues treated may be common also to Jesuits of other regions, other Subscriptions to STUDIES: priests, religious, and laity. Hence, the studies, while meant especially for U.S.: one-year, $20; two years, $38. $PHULFDQ-HVXLWVDUHQRWH[FOXVLYHO\IRUWKHP2WKHUVZKRPD\ÀQGWKHP helpful are cordially welcome to read them at: [email protected]/jesuits . Canada and Mexico: one year, $28; two years, $52 All other destinations: one year, $32; two years, $58 &855(170(0%(562)7+(6(0,1$5 Shay Auerbach, S.J., is pastor of Sacred Heart Parish, Richmond, Va. All payments must be in U.S. funds. (2011) Richard A. Blake, S.J., is chair of the Seminar and editor of STUDIES; he CHANGE OF ADDRESS INFORMATION: WHDFKHVÀOPVWXGLHVDW%RVWRQ&ROOHJH&KHVWQXW+LOO0DVV - Kevin Cullen, S.J., is treasurer and assistant for higher education for dress; you need not do so. -
Petits-Blancs and the Politics of Military Allocations Distribution In
Shades of Whiteness: Petits-Blancs and the Politics of Military Allocations Distribution in World War I Colonial Cochinchina � ChristinaFirpo Abstract During World War I male French citizens in Cochinchina whom the colonial government had drafted to fight in Europe left their families behind in the colony. Through a complicated subsidies process, the government offered financial assistance to families impoverished by the draftee’s departure and the concomitant loss of income. Far from being a monolithic category, the colony’s poor white applicants, also known as petits-blancs , received varying government subsidies, depending on their family configurations. This article argues that the military allocations council’s judgments correlate with the petits-blancs applicants’ relationships to indigenous people and their adherence to traditional gender roles. To guard white prestige, the colonial government effectively penal- ized petits-blancs applicants who deviated from behavior associated with whiteness. In 1917 a mobilized soldier named Pierre L.—a resident of Cochin- china, a French colony in southern Vietnam—received an allocation of 45.0 piastres per month, or 1.5 piastres per day, with which to sup- port his family while he was on duty in Europe.1 Military allocations were part of a colonial program to support families suffering economic hardship after their male heads of household had been drafted to fight in Europe.2 As wives assumed the leadership role of their homes, the families suffered financially. Because Pierre L. was a French citizen, his family was eligible for this program. His wife, T. Thi Hay, appealed to the military allocations council for an increase in her subsidy, which she Christina Firpo is assistant professor of Southeast Asian history at California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. -
The Historical State, Local Collective Action, and Economic Development in Vietnam
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE HISTORICAL STATE, LOCAL COLLECTIVE ACTION, AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN VIETNAM Melissa Dell Nathaniel Lane Pablo Querubin Working Paper 23208 http://www.nber.org/papers/w23208 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 March 2017 We thank Minh Trinh, Nhung Le, Minh Tuan Nguyen, Thao Ngo, and Huyen Cao for providing excellent research assistance. We are also grateful to seminar participants at Berkeley, the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Central European University, Columbia University, CUNY, Duke Economics, Duke Political Science, Harvard, IIES, LACEA, LSE, MIT, Munich, NYU, Oxford, Queen Mary, UC-Santa Barbara, Universidad de Piura, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Warwick, World Bank and Yale for their helpful comments and suggestions. Support used to fund this project was received from the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs (Harvard), the Milton Fund (Harvard), and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2017 by Melissa Dell, Nathaniel Lane, and Pablo Querubin. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. The Historical State, Local Collective Action, and Economic Development in Vietnam Melissa Dell, Nathaniel Lane, and Pablo Querubin NBER Working Paper No.