If you have issues viewing or accessing this file, please contact us at NCJRS.gov. p, J /' i! • i~I: ". -- _~ ..... O~t@mOl~mm ~ ,-." LO0 ,,..-k."~- < : \ ' ! }' • . - ~7, ' f • " 0":0 "" , \ f.¢~#~ t, • \ LO ,t • ,j ¢0 ./ ',"L,, ) \ C~ ,._,~.,~.~ C k,._'-, . ,j.' \, /" l .° PROPERTY OF National Criminal Justice Relerenc.e Service(NOJRS) Box 6000 " Rockville, MD 20849-6000 -J~~"Y--- 100 PROMISING CRIME PREVENTION PROGRAMS FROM ACROSS THE WORLD Under the direction of Irvin Waller Prepared by Lily-Ann Gauthier, David Hicks, Daniel Sansfa~on and Leanne Salel INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRIME @ ASSISTING CITIES AND COUNTRIES TO REDUCE DELINQUENCY, VIOLENCE AND INSECURITY Publication Funded by Bureau of Justice Assistance Office of Justice Programs .. U.S. Department of Justice BJA provides leader'ship and assistance in support of state, local and tribal strategies to strengthen the criminal justice system and to achieve safe communities by reducing and preventing crime, violence and drug abuse. Irvin WALLER, Director General, is consulted by local and national governments around the.world on crime-reduction strategies. He has been an adviser to.the United Nations, the Council of Europe, and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. In the 1970's, he held a Director General position in the Canadian Department responsible for policing and criminal justice policy. He was a contributor to the Declaration on the Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power adopted by the U.N. General Assembly. He is currently on leave from his post as professor of criminology at the University of Ottawa and is past President of the World Society of Victimology. Lily-Ann GAUTHIER, Director of the Best Practice Bureau, is a criminologist with extensive experience in youth development and protection. She is specialized in adult education and training. She has been involved in policy development, implementation of programs and communications in health and social service sectors. David HICKS, Project Officer, Best Practice Bureau, is a criminologist specialized in prevention, with research experience on national drug policies for Health Canada. He is a Ph.D. candidate at Cardiff University (Wales, United Kingdom). Daniel SANSFA~ON, Senior Analyst, is a criminologist and sociologist with extensive research experience as director of criminal law research for the Department of Justice of Canada and as professor at UniversitG du Qu6bec Montreal, conducting numerous studies on gender and sex related crimes. Leanne SALEL, Research Assistant, Best Practice Bureau, is an LL.B. and B.C.L. candidate at McGill University (Montreal, PQ, Canada). A CKNO WL EDGEM EN TS ,Preparation of this report would not have been possible without the generous financial contribution of the National Crime Prevention Centre (Department of Justice Canada/Solicitor General Canada) and of the government of France through the Del6gation Interministerielle 6 la Ville Printing and distribution in the United States were made possible through the financial contribution of the Bureau of Justice Assistance, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Other governments who form the Advisory and Policy Committee of the ICPC have also provided financial support and expert advice. They are the Home Office for England & Wales, the Ministries of Justice and Interior of the Netherlands, and the Ministry of Public Safety of the Province of Quebec. Some organizations which are part of the ICPC Board of Directors have also provided encouragement and expert advice and documentation. They are in particular the National Crime Prevention Council (U.S.), Crime Concern (England), the European Forum for Urban Safety, and the United Nations Office at Vienna. The ICPC also wishes to recognize the essential contributions of individuals whose names appear, for the most part, in the individual programs contact information sections. Finally, members of the ICPC staff contributed their time and knowledge to improve this report. They are: Caroline Beno~'t, Frantz Denat, Chantal Valade, and Claude Vezina. ISBN 2-921916-10-X Legal deposit : Bibli0theque nationale du Quebec Legal deposit : National Library of Canada Copyright ICPC 1999 Portions of this publication may be reproduced (or downloaded from the ICPC Internet site) without further permission if the intended use is not-for-profit and not for resale and provided the ICPC is acknowledged. International Centre for the Prevention of Crime 507, Place d'Armes, Suite 2100, Montreal, (Quebec), Canada, H2Y 2W8 Telephone: [!] (514) 288-6731 FAX: [!1 (514) 288-8763 E-mail: cipc@crime-prevention-intLorg Message from NANCY E. GIST Director Bureau of Justice Assistance U.S. Department of Justice The ways in which governments and communities perceive and tackle issues of violence and insecurity have undergone important changes in recent years. There is renewed emphasis on partnership building, networking and decentralized forms of cooperation. While resources ore scarce, decision makers are increasingly looking at what works and what is cost effective in other jurisdictions. In light of these developments, the gathering and dissemination of easily usable information from across the world will be instrumental in informing the efforts of communities. This publication describes selected benchmarks of success and innovation from countries around the world. It includes policy and crime reduction strategies with documented effectiveness, as well as programs which have not been evaluated but are included for both the quality of the process used as well as their focus on issues in need of sustainable solutions. 100 Promising Crime Prevention Programs from Across the World was developed by the International Centre for the Prevention of Crime (ICPC) to empower people and institutions and governments to work in partnership to produce sustainable community safety. The policies and programs documented demonstrate that crime prevention is effective, affordable and achievable in any community. Through a partnership between ICPC and the Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) of the United States Department of Justice, the book - 1O0 Promising Crime Prevention Programs from Across the World - has been adapted for use in the United States and will be distributed to communities across the country. It is our hope that local governments, businesses and citizens, as well as others with a stake in safer, healthier communities, will use this opportunity- to learn from the experiences of others from around the world- They will harness international experience in the service of local action to continue restoring peace to our nation's schools, workplaces and neighborhoods. Only by working together and sharing our best ideas about crime prevention will our nation begin the new century as peaceful as it is prosperous. FOREWARD by Myriam Ezratty President of the Board of Directors of the International Centre for the Prevention of Crime During the thirty years that followed the economic boom after the second World War, most so-called rich countries have been confronted with a phenomenon that is both disconcerting and troubling - constantly growing crime rates. Even though some stabilization has been recorded in the last decade, the rates of crime are still very high compared to those known to the generation preceding ours. In countries in transition to democracy, the increase has often been even more brutal and dramatic. This growth in crime has been covered extensively by the media - with the arrival of modern techniques of communication - and brought home to citizens. Even in areas where crime rates are not high, citizens experience feelings of insecurity which are generators of fear, intolerance and loss of confidence in the political authorities. With few exceptions, the public reaction has been to call for more criminal laws and greater severity in their application. Governments and public authorities have largely responded with more law enforcement and tougher sanctions, using new technology and supplementary resources if they have had the means to do so. Throughout this period, practitioners and researchers have called attention to the dangers of policies which are only limited to sanctions. They have recommended a more global vision to combat crime based on the principle that prevention is better than cure. Slowly, these ideas have achieved legitimacy in terms of recognition that programs limited to incarceration increase costs and have negative effects on rates of recidivism. Regardless of the standard of living or cultural traditions, people all over the world aspire to live in places where their safety and security is not constantly threatened. In urban environments, peoples' worries focus on safety in their homes, on the street, in transportation, and at school. Why not invest in programs which tackle the risk factors, in order to reduce the number of potential victims and to improve the quality of daily life? Although initially limited to a few pioneering projects, prevention is becoming a significant policy objective for more and more countries. Through the publication of "" 100 Promising Crime Prevention Programs from Across the World", the International Centre for the Prevention of Crime (ICPC) is encouraging this evolution by presenting concrete examples of what has already been achieved in various countries. The report describes how governments, cities, educational institutions, police, social services, and professionals