Crime Prevention & Violence Reduction Action Plan
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What Is an International Crime? (A Revisionist History)
\\jciprod01\productn\H\HLI\58-2\HLI205.txt unknown Seq: 1 14-FEB-18 9:00 Volume 58, Number 2, Spring 2017 What Is an International Crime? (A Revisionist History) Kevin Jon Heller* The question “what is an international crime?” has two aspects. First, it asks us to identify which acts qualify as international crimes. Second, and more fundamentally, it asks us to identify what is distinctive about an international crime. Some disagreement exists concerning the first issue, particularly with regard to torture and terrorism. But nearly all states, international tribunals, and ICL scholars take the same position concerning the second issue, insisting that an act qualifies as an international crime if—and only if—that act is universally criminal under international law. This definition of an international crime leads to an obvious question: how exactly does an act become universally criminal under international law? One answer, the “direct criminalization thesis” (DCT), is that certain acts are universally criminal because they are directly criminalized by international law itself, regardless of whether states criminalize them. Another answer, the “national criminalization the- sis” (NCT), rejects the idea that international law directly criminalizes particular acts. According to the NCT, certain acts are universally criminal because international law obligates every state in the world to criminalize them. This Article argues that if we take positivism seriously, as every international criminal tribunal since Nuremberg has insisted we must, the NCT provides the only coherent explanation of how international law can deem certain acts to be universally criminal. I. INTRODUCTION The question posed by the title of this Article has two aspects. -
Disorder in Urban Neighborhoods
U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs National Institute of Justice National Institute of Justice R e s e a r c h i n B r i e f Julie E. Samuels, Acting Director February 2001 Issues and Findings Disorder in Urban Neighborhoods— Discussed in this Brief: The link between disorder and crime; Does It Lead to Crime? specifically, whether manifesta- tions of social and physical disor- By Robert J. Sampson and Stephen W. Raudenbush der, such as public drunkenness, graffiti, and broken windows, According to a now-familiar thesis, social Disorder is indeed related to crime. The lead directly to more serious and physical disorder in urban neighbor- broken windows metaphor is apt insofar as offenses. The study, part of the hoods can, if unchecked, lead to serious it asserts that physical signs of decay sig- long-range Project on Human crime. The reasoning is that even such nal neighbors’ unwillingness to confront Development in Chicago minor public incivilities as drinking in strangers, intervene when a crime is being Neighborhoods, assesses the the street, spray-painting graffiti, and committed, or ask the police to respond. “broken windows” thesis and breaking windows can escalate into preda- Disorder may in fact be more useful than its implications for crime control tory crime because prospective offenders crime for understanding certain troubling policy and practice. assume from these manifestations of dis- urban processes, such as the abandonment Key issues: The assumption that order that area residents are indifferent of many of the Nation’s urban cores. That social and physical disorder can to what happens in their neighborhood.1 is because disorder can be observed, escalate to serious crime has had The “broken windows” thesis has greatly while crime, by contrast, is largely unob- a major influence on law enforce- influenced crime control policy, with served. -
Section 7: Criminal Offense, Criminal Responsibility, and Commission of a Criminal Offense
63 Section 7: Criminal Offense, Criminal Responsibility, and Commission of a Criminal Offense Article 15: Criminal Offense A criminal offense is an unlawful act: (a) that is prescribed as a criminal offense by law; (b) whose characteristics are specified by law; and (c) for which a penalty is prescribed by law. Commentary This provision reiterates some of the aspects of the principle of legality and others relating to the purposes and limits of criminal legislation. Reference should be made to Article 2 (“Purpose and Limits of Criminal Legislation”) and Article 3 (“Principle of Legality”) and their accompanying commentaries. Article 16: Criminal Responsibility A person who commits a criminal offense is criminally responsible if: (a) he or she commits a criminal offense, as defined under Article 15, with intention, recklessness, or negligence as defined in Article 18; IOP573A_ModelCodes_Part1.indd 63 6/25/07 10:13:18 AM 64 • General Part, Section (b) no lawful justification exists under Articles 20–22 of the MCC for the commission of the criminal offense; (c) there are no grounds excluding criminal responsibility for the commission of the criminal offense under Articles 2–26 of the MCC; and (d) there are no other statutorily defined grounds excluding criminal responsibility. Commentary When a person is found criminally responsible for the commission of a criminal offense, he or she can be convicted of this offense, and a penalty or penalties may be imposed upon him or her as provided for in the MCC. Article 16 lays down the elements required for a finding of criminal responsibility against a person. -
A Therapeutic Jurisprudence Perspective on Interactions Between Police and Persons with Mental Disabilities Michael L
Fordham Urban Law Journal Volume 43 Number 3 Mental Health, the Law, & the Urban Article 5 Environment 2016 "Had to Be Held Down by Big Police": A Therapeutic Jurisprudence Perspective on Interactions Between Police and Persons with Mental Disabilities Michael L. Perlin Alison J. Lynch Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ulj Recommended Citation Michael L. Perlin and Alison J. Lynch, "Had to Be Held Down by Big Police": A Therapeutic Jurisprudence Perspective on Interactions Between Police and Persons with Mental Disabilities, 43 Fordham Urb. L.J. 685 (2016). Available at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ulj/vol43/iss3/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by FLASH: The orF dham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fordham Urban Law Journal by an authorized editor of FLASH: The orF dham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “HAD TO BE HELD DOWN BY BIG POLICE”: A THERAPEUTIC JURISPRUDENCE PERSPECTIVE ON INTERACTIONS BETWEEN POLICE AND PERSONS WITH MENTAL DISABILITIES Michael L. Perlin, Esq.* & Alison J. Lynch, Esq.** Introduction ............................................................................................. 685 I. Current State of Affairs ................................................................... 696 II. Therapeutic Jurisprudence ............................................................. 701 A. What Is Therapeutic Jurisprudence? ................................. -
Women in Policing G
ISSN 1393-0974 DECEMBER 2009 L A N R U e O J T N E u M E G A N A M q i A N Á H C O Í S A D R A WOMEN IN POLICING G “CELEBRATING THE PAST – N EMBRACING THE FUTURE” A commun A N G A R D A S Í O C H Á N A M A N A G E M E N T J O U R N A L EDITORIAL This edition of Communiqué presents the reader with a unique insight into the induction of women into An Garda Síochána and celebrates those pioneering women who commenced such a historical journey through the service. The four articles provide the reader with an understanding of the culture of An Garda Síochána, how people are central to the success of a policing service and how all members, irrespective of gender, are essential ingredients of excellent organisa- tions. Sergeant Oliver Nally examines how culture is an essential ingredient in success- ful organisations. Sergeant Nally outlines why culture is a vital determinant in how efficient and effective an organisation is in performing its roles and func- tions. He outlines the negative and positive elements associated with police cul- ture and concludes with a data analysis the findings of which can also be used to inform training design in the Garda organisation. Mr. Malachy Feely and Sergeant John O’Dwyer present the reader with a com- prehensive overview of competency based interviewing which is a process used by An Garda Síochána to identify suitable people for specific roles within the organ- isation. -
Secrétariat Des Nations Unies
United Nations Job Opening for Positions requiring official secondment from national governments of Member States of the United Nations Organization Appointments are limited to service on posts financed by the support account of peacekeeping operations Post title and level Police Commissioner, D2/D1 Organizational Unit United Nations Peacekeeping Operation or Special Political Mission Duty Station For the Senior Police Leadership Roster Reporting to Head of Mission (directly or through the established chain of command) Duration Up to 12 Month (extendible) Deadline for applications 31 December 2018 United Nations Core Values: Integrity, Professionalism and Respect for Diversity RESPONSIBILITIES: Under the guidance and supervision of the Head of Mission or his/her designee, the incumbent will be responsible for advising the Head of Mission on all matters related to police and providing advisory support and assistance to national authorities to develop local police institutions to function in accordance with internationally acceptable standards of democratic policing. The Police Commissioner is also responsible for the effective and efficient management, supervision, welfare and discipline of all personnel assigned to the UN Police Component in the mission in accordance with the United Nations’ rules, regulations, and mission mandate. Within delegated authority, the UN Police Commissioner will be responsible for the following duties: (These duties may vary depending on the mission’s mandate. Therefore, the incumbent may carry out most, but -
Bad Cops: a Study of Career-Ending Misconduct Among New York City Police Officers
The author(s) shown below used Federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of Justice and prepared the following final report: Document Title: Bad Cops: A Study of Career-Ending Misconduct Among New York City Police Officers Author(s): James J. Fyfe ; Robert Kane Document No.: 215795 Date Received: September 2006 Award Number: 96-IJ-CX-0053 This report has not been published by the U.S. Department of Justice. To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally- funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Bad Cops: A Study of Career-Ending Misconduct Among New York City Police Officers James J. Fyfe John Jay College of Criminal Justice and New York City Police Department Robert Kane American University Final Version Submitted to the United States Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice February 2005 This project was supported by Grant No. 1996-IJ-CX-0053 awarded by the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Points of views in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. -
1 City of Oakland Police Commission Selection Panel
CITY OF OAKLAND POLICE COMMISSION SELECTION PANEL (SPECIAL MEETING) Meeting Agenda Monday, April 5, 2021 6:00 PM Via Teleconference Selection Panel Members: Chairperson James Chanin (District 2), Vice Chairperson Brendalynn Goodall (Mayor), Gay Plair Cobb (At Large), Don Link (District 1), Vacant (District 3), Lorelei Bosserman (District 4), Mary Vail (District 5), Vacant (District 6), and Bill Thomasson (District 7). Pursuant to the Governor's Executive Order N-29-20, members of the Police Commission Selection Panel, as well as City staff, will participate via phone/video conference, and no physical teleconference locations are required. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION The Oakland Police Commission Selection Panel encourages public participation in the online board meetings. The public may observe and/or participate in this meeting in several ways. OBSERVE: • To observe the meeting by video conference, please click on this link: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/83028679514 at the noticed meeting time. Instructions on how to join a meeting by video conference are available at: https://support.zoom.us/hc/en-us/articles/201362193, which is a webpage entitled “Joining a Meeting” • To listen to the meeting by phone, please call the numbers below at the noticed meeting time: Dial (for higher quality, dial a number based on your current location): +1 669 900 9128 or +1 346 248 7799 or +1 253 215 8782 or +1 646 558 8656 or +1 301 715 8592 or +1 312 626 6799. For each number, please be patient and when requested, dial the following Webinar ID: 830 2867 9514 After calling any of these phone numbers, if you are asked for a participant ID or code, press #. -
Protection of Lives and Dignity of Women Report on Violence Against Women in India
Protection of lives and dignity of women Report on violence against women in India Human Rights Now May 2010 Human Rights Now (HRN) is an international human rights NGO based in Tokyo with over 700 members of lawyers and academics. HRN dedicates to protection and promotion of human rights of people worldwide. [email protected] Marukou Bldg. 3F, 1-20-6, Higashi-Ueno Taitou-ku, Tokyo 110-0015 Japan Phone: +81-3-3835-2110 Fax: +81-3-3834-2406 Report on violence against women in India TABLE OF CONTENTS Ⅰ: Summary 1: Purpose of the research mission 2: Research activities 3: Findings and Recommendations Ⅱ: Overview of India and the Status of Women 1: The nation of ―diversity‖ 2: Women and Development in India Ⅲ: Overview of violence and violation of human rights against women in India 1: Forms of violence and violation of human rights 2: Data on violence against women Ⅳ: Realities of violence against women in India and transition in the legal system 1: Reality of violence against women in India 2: Violence related to dowry death 3: Domestic Violence (DV) 4: Sati 5: Female infanticides and foeticide 6: Child marriage 7: Sexual violence 8: Other extreme forms of violence 9: Correlations Ⅴ: Realities of Domestic Violence (DV) and the implementation of the DV Act 1: Campaign to enact DV act to rescue, not to prosecute 2: Content of DV Act, 2005 3: The significance of the DV Act and its characteristics 4: The problem related to the implementation 5: Impunity of DV claim 6: Summary Ⅵ: Activities of the government, NGOs and international organizations -
The Purpose of This Concept Paper Is to Explore Compstat and Citistat—Two Municipal Management Techniques Introduced in the Ne
November 2006 Discussion Version Budget Office Evaluation, Matt Nice INNOVATIVE PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT IN MULTNOMAH COUNTY: MULTSTAT CONCEPT PAPER The purpose of this concept paper is to explore databases to track all aspects of government program Compstat and Citistat—two municipal management performance to align with policy. The process goes techniques introduced in the New York City Police beyond traditional collection of performance data, by Department and the City of Baltimore, respectively—at providing analysis of key measures, providing Multnomah County. The goals are to increase information, trends and identifying issues. This data is accountability, and improve the performance of presented through maps, charts, tables and graphs in government agencies and their service outcomes. weekly closed executive forums with management. “STATS” are a structured continuous management process for ongoing review of government agencies’ These forums allow the executive and others to performance indicators measuring utilization of assess whether departments are meeting immediate available resources and delivery of services to the and long-term goals, and help to determine strategies public, with a specific focus upon immediate results. to best respond to emerging issues. Background. The history of performance There are four basic process principles for STAT measurement in Multnomah County has been marked models: by ebbs and flows in both the quantity and quality of 1) provide timely, accurate and relevant data available data. Currently, the Priority Briefs provide 2) analyze data and develop effective solutions timely and accurate workload data for a variety of that respond to emerging issues basic needs and safety system measures each month. 3) deploy resources quickly to address issues As a part of the annual Priority-Based Budgeting 4) relentless follow-up and assessment process all County programs now report outcome- based performance measures. -
2016 Police Commissioner's Report
THE POLICE COMMISSIONER’S REPORT JANUARY 2016 THE NEW YORK CITY POLICE DEPARTMENT 22 40 58 INFORMATION HOUSING BUREAU RISK MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY BUREAU BUREAU TABLE OF CONTENTS 26 42 60 DETECTIVE BUREAU VIOLENCE- PERSONNEL REDUCTION TASK BUREAU / STAFFING FORCES 44 ORGANIZED CRIME 62 28 CONTROL BUREAU PERSONNEL COLLABORATIVE BUREAU / REFORM 4 POLICING 46 AND RECRUITMENT TRANSPORTATION LETTER FROM 30 BUREAU 64 THE MAYOR CRITICAL RESPONSE CIVILIAN MEMBERS 6 COMMAND 48 FIELD INTELLIGENCE 66 LETTER FROM 32 OFFICERS THE POLICE FACILITIES COMMISSIONER STRATEGIC RESPONSE GROUP 50 68 10 GRAND LARCENY 34 DIVISION CARS & EQUIPMENT NEIGHBORHOOD POLICING PLAN COMMUNITY AFFAIRS BUREAU / YOUTH PROGRAMS 52 70 14 ADMINISTRATION STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONS COMPSTAT 36 COMMUNITY 54 AFFAIRS BUREAU / 72 16 SCHOOL SAFETY USE-OF-FORCE DIVISION POLICY 2014 / 2015 STATISTICAL TRAINING BUREAU ROUNDUP 20 38 56 76 TRANSIT BUREAU DISCIPLINE COMMUNITY NYPD HISTORICAL PARTNER PROGRAM TIMELINE SPRING 3100 ISSN #0038 8572 is published bimonthly by the New York City Police Department, One Police Plaza, New York, 10038. Periodicals postage paid at New York City, NY. “Ride-Along Enclosed” Postmaster: Send address changes to SPRING 3100 c/o New York City Police Department, One Police Plaza, New York, 10038. SPRING 3100 ©2014 BY NYPD. All rights reserved; No part of this publication may be reproduced without written consent of the Editor. L E T T ER FROM MAYOR BILL DE BLASIO appointed Bill Bratton to be New York City Police Department’s technological infrastructure; new use-of-force ICommissioner in January 2014, and, two years later, this policies and procedures; a more efficient and fairer internal report—about the sweeping changes in the NYPD— discipline system; 1,300 new officers; new technological underscores my reasons for doing so. -
Predictive POLICING the Role of Crime Forecasting in Law Enforcement Operations
Safety and Justice Program CHILDREN AND FAMILIES The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that EDUCATION AND THE ARTS helps improve policy and decisionmaking through ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT research and analysis. HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE This electronic document was made available from INFRASTRUCTURE AND www.rand.org as a public service of the RAND TRANSPORTATION Corporation. INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS LAW AND BUSINESS NATIONAL SECURITY Skip all front matter: Jump to Page 16 POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY Support RAND Purchase this document Browse Reports & Bookstore Make a charitable contribution For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Explore the RAND Safety and Justice Program View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non-commercial use only. Unauthorized posting of RAND electronic documents to a non-RAND website is prohibited. RAND electronic documents are protected under copyright law. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please see RAND Permissions. This report is part of the RAND Corporation research report series. RAND reports present research findings and objective analysis that ad- dress the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND reports undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for re- search quality and objectivity. Safety and Justice Program PREDICTIVE POLICING The Role of Crime Forecasting in Law Enforcement Operations Walter L.