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Development Ofmonitoring Instruments Forjudicial and Law Background Research on Systems and Context on Systems Research Background Development of Monitoring Instruments for Judicial and Law Enforcement institutions in the Western Balkans Background Research on Systems and Context Justice and Home Affairs Statistics in the Western Balkans 2009 - 2011 CARDS Regional Action Programme With funding by the European Commission April 2010 Disclaimers This Report has not been formally edited. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNODC or contributory organizations and neither do they imply any endorsement. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNODC concerning the legal status of any country, territory or city or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Comments on this report are welcome and can be sent to: Statistics and Survey Section United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime PO Box 500 1400 Vienna Austria Tel: (+43) 1 26060 5475 Fax: (+43) 1 26060 7 5475 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.unodc.org 1 Development of Monitoring Instruments for Judicial and Law Enforcement Institutions in the Western Balkans 2009-2011 Background Research on Systems and Context 2 Development of Monitoring Instruments for Judicial and Law Enforcement Institutions in the Western Balkans 2009-2011 Background Research on Systems and Context Justice and Home Affairs Statistics in the Western Balkans April 2010 3 Acknowledgements Funding for this report was provided by the European Commission under the CARDS 2006 Regional Action Programme. This report was produced under the responsibility of Statistics and Surveys Section (SASS) and Regional Programme Office for South Eastern Europe (RPOSEE) of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) based on research conducted by the European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control affiliated with the United Nations (HEUNI) and the International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD). UNODC would like to thank the European Commission for the financial support provided for the preparation and publication of this report under the CARDS Regional Programme 2006. Local researchers: Bicja Ilir (Albania) Almir Maljeviü (Bosnia and Herzegovina) Anna-Maria Getoš (Croatia) Lulzim Fushtica (Kosovo under international administration UNSCR 1244) Olivera Komar (Montenegro) Marina Matic (Serbia) Bistra Netkova (The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) Research coordination and report preparation: HEUNI: Kauko Aromaa (research coordination) Anniina Jokinen (desk research and drafting) Natalia Ollus (desk research and drafting) Elina Ruuskanen (desk research and drafting) Aili Pääkkönen, Sari Benford (report design and formatting) ICMPD: Arabelle Bernecker (desk research and drafting) Susanna Bacher (desk research and drafting) Brankica Grupkovic (desk research and drafting) Daria Huss (desk research and drafting) Alicja Swierczek (desk research and drafting) UNODC: Michael Jandl (report editor) Steven Malby (research coordination) Anna Alvazzi del Frate (research coordination) Miroslav Prljevic (country research) Carla Ciavarella (project management) Angela Me (project management) 4 Development of Monitoring Instruments for Judicial and Law Enforcement Institutions in the Western Balkans Contents Context..........................................................................................................13 Executive summary .........................................................................................15 ALBANIA Contents OUTLINE OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM, ASYLUM/VISA/MIGRATION SYSTEM AND ITS ACTORS ............................................................................................ 33 1. Short background ........................................................................................34 2. Criminal justice actors ..................................................................................35 2.1 Law Enforcement ....................................................................................35 2.2 Prosecution ............................................................................................35 2.3 Courts ...................................................................................................36 2.4 Specialized units: Anti-Corruption..............................................................37 2.5 Specialized units: Organized crime ............................................................38 2.6 Specialized units: Trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants ...............38 2.7 Specialized units: Money-laundering and economic crimes ............................39 2.8 Specialized units: Drugs...........................................................................40 2.9 Planned criminal justice reform projects .....................................................40 2.10 Asylum ................................................................................................41 2.11 Migration .............................................................................................41 2.12 Visas ...................................................................................................41 3. Data Availability ..........................................................................................42 3.1 Conventional crime .................................................................................42 3.1.1 Police data ..........................................................................................42 3.1.2 Prosecution and court data ....................................................................45 3.1.3 United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (UN-CTS) ...............................................................................47 3.1.4 The European Sourcebook .....................................................................48 3.1.5 EUROSTAT Crime and Criminal Justice Statistics .......................................49 3.2 Specific forms of crime ............................................................................49 3.2.1 Corruption...........................................................................................49 3.2.2 Organized crime...................................................................................50 3.2.3 Trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants......................................51 3.2.4 Economic crime and money-laundering....................................................53 3.2.5 Drug-related crimes..............................................................................54 3.3 Survey-based statistics ............................................................................55 3.4 Data on asylum ......................................................................................56 3.5 Data on visas .........................................................................................56 3.6 Data on migration ...................................................................................57 5 4. Outline of data collection systems ..................................................................58 Conclusions ....................................................................................................59 References .....................................................................................................60 BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA OUTLINE OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM, ASYLUM/VISA/MIGRATION SYSTEM AND ITS ACTORS ............................................................................................65 1. Short background ........................................................................................67 2. Justice and home affairs actors ......................................................................69 2.1 Law Enforcement ....................................................................................69 2.2 Prosecution ............................................................................................71 2.3 Courts ...................................................................................................72 2.4 Specialized units: Anti-Corruption..............................................................73 2.5 Specialized units: Organized crime ............................................................74 2.6 Specialized units: Trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants ...............75 2.7 Specialized units: Money-laundering and economic crimes ............................76 2.8 Specialized units: Drugs...........................................................................76 2.9 Planned criminal justice reform projects .....................................................77 2.10 Asylum ................................................................................................77 2.11 Migration .............................................................................................78 2.12 Visas ...................................................................................................79 3. Data Availability ..........................................................................................79 3.1 Conventional crime .................................................................................79 3.1.1 Police data ..........................................................................................79 3.1.2 Prosecution and court data ....................................................................81
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