Environmental Monitoring Report

Project Number: 41435-013 January 2020 (Loan 3570/8331 and Grant 0542)

CAM: Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project - Additional Financing

Semi-Annual Environmental Monitoring Report July – December 2019

Prepared by: Project Implementation Consultant – PIC of NCDD and MAFF for the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

KINGDOM OF Nation Religion King 

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK ADB Loan: 3570, ADB Grant 0542 and IFAD Loan 8331

CAMBODIA: TONLE SAP POVERTY REDUCTION AND SMALLHOLDER DEVELOPMENT PROJECT – ADDITIONAL FINANCING (TSSD-AF)

THIRD SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT – EMR.03

Phnom Penh, January 2020 2

NOTE (i) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.

This safeguards monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

ABBREVIATION

ADB Asian Development Bank AF Additional Financing COC Environmental Code of Conduct CCOC Construction Environmental Code of Conduct CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan CARD Council for Agriculture and Rural Development CMAW Commune Mobile Access Worker D&S Consultant Design and Supervision Infrastructure Consultant EA Executing Agency EARF Environmental Assessment and Review Framework EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan ESO Environment Safeguard Officer ESCC Environmental Safeguards and Climate Change Specialist (of PIC) FDERP Flood Damage Emergency Reconstruction Project GoC Government of Cambodia GPS Global Positioning System IA Implementing Agency IEE Initial Environmental Examination MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry MEF Ministry of Economy and Finance

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MoE Ministry of Environment NCS National Climate Change Specialist NES National Environment Specialist NR National Road NCDDS National Committee for Sub-National Democratic Development Secretariat PDOE Provincial Department of Environment PDWRAM Provincial Department of Water Resources and Meteorology PDAFF Provincial Department of Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry PST Provincial Support Team PIC Project Implementation Consultant PIU Project Implementation Unit PPTA Project Preparation Technical Assistance REA Rapid Environmental Assessment RP Resettlement Plan SPS ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009)

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CONTENT

Abbreviation ...... 3 Content ...... 5 List of Tables ...... 5 List of Figures ...... 5 List of attachments ...... 6 I. Executive Summary ...... 7 II. Project Overview, General safeguard matters ...... 8 1. Project Overview ...... 8 2. Project Progress ...... 11 A. Chbar Ampov Village Road Rehabilitation in , Province ...... 12 B. Lvea Irrigation System Rehabilitation in , . 13 3. Safeguards Plans Implementation Arrangements ...... 16 4. Updated EMPs/COC Incorporation of Safeguards Requirements into Project Contractual Arrangements ...... 20 III. Environmental Performance Monitoring ...... 22 IV. Public consultation, Information Disclosure, Capability Building ...... 22 V. Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 25 VI. Conclusion and next activity plan ...... 28 Attachments ...... 29 Attachment 1: Photographs of Environmental Screening and Public Consultation ...... 30 Attachment 2: Consultation / Interview Form ...... 32 Attachment 3: GRM – Complaint Recording Form ...... 35

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Agreed Action Plan ...... 8 Table 2: Project Overview, Snapshot of Project Progress ...... 11 Table 3: List of Structures ...... 15 Table 4: Institutional Arrangements and Responsible ...... 16 Table 5: EMP/COC Incorporated in Bidding Document ...... 20 Table 6: Environmental screening and environmental impact categories ...... 22 Table 7: List of Participants ...... 23

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Project Location Maps ...... 10 Figure 2: Project Location ...... 13 Figure 3: Location of Lvea Commune Irrigation Subproject Components (red) (From Google Earth) ...... 14 5

Figure 4: Layout of Lvea Commune Irrigation Subproject ...... 15 Figure 5: Typical Cross Section of Canals ...... 16 Figure 6: GRM System ...... 27

LIST OF ATTACHMENTS

Attachment 1: Photographs of Environmental Screening and Public Consultation...... 30 Attachment 2: Consultation / Interview Form ...... 32 Attachment 3: GRM – Complaint Recording Form ...... 35

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I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Project in Brief. The Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development – Additional Financing Project (TSSD-AF) was approved by ADB on 25 September 2017 and declared effective on 4 April 2018 with a loan amount of $45.73 million and a grant of $4.37 million, and a closing date of 31 July 2023. The project is co-financed by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) with a loan of $10 million. The project outcome will be increased agricultural productivity and improved access to markets in 271 communes1 in seven provinces in the Tonle Sap Basin2. The outputs will be: (i) rural productive infrastructure and livelihood improved with capacity in disaster risk management enhanced; (ii) enabling environment for increased agricultural productivity, diversification, and climate resilience created; and (iii) project management strengthened. 2. Purpose of Report and Report Preparation. This Semi-annual Environmental Monitoring Report (EMR) was prepared for the period, July to December 2019, in compliance with the Project Loan Agreement stipulating the need for an EMR to be prepared and submitted to ADB every six months. The report presents the findings of the monitoring of environmental protection and environmental supervision activities conducted during project implementation. In particular, it determines whether or not the EMP/COC and environmental protection measures recommended in the approved by ADB for each contract as part of the bidding document 3 have been implemented effectively to avoid, minimize, or mitigate environmental impacts. It also identifies activities that have not been properly implemented by the project. 3. Environmental Monitoring Activity. Environmental monitoring is being done by Environmental Safeguards and Climate Change Specialist of PIC (ESCC) and by the contractors themselves. Each contractor fills in the environmental monitoring checklist, which is integrated into the monthly project progress report and forwarded to PIC. In addition, the ESCC conducts quarterly monitoring field visits using the same checklist.

4. The main environmental monitoring tasks during the construction phase of the project are the following:

(i) Review of available reports, e.g., monthly progress reports; (ii) Site verification, observation, informal interviews (if necessary), and photo documentation of activities; (iii) Use of monitoring checklist contained in the EMP; and (iv) Modification of the checklist, if necessary 5. Any key issues identified during the monitoring period. During this report period, one civil work is commenced – Chab Ampov Village Road Construction. Based on site visit to Chab Amppov Subproject during 4th quarter of 2019 and pending finding issue of ADB Review mission on October 2018, the agreed action plan was made. The agreed action is listed in Table 1.

1 The correct number of commune is 271. One of the commune in Kampong province was wrongly recorded twice. 2 Banteay Meanchey (BMC), Battambang (8TB); Kampong Cham (KPC), Kampong Thom KPT), Prey Veng (PVG) Siem Reap (SRP) and Tboung Khmum (TBK). 3 Approved EMP is attached in bidding and contract document for each agreement between EA and Contractor Company. The contractor is required to prepare CEMP for PMIC review and approved prior construction. 7

Table 1: Agreed Action Plan

Ref. Focal Agreed Action Deadline Implemented Note Par. Point 34 Establishment of GRM for 30 Nov NCDDS On-going NCDDS was each project selected 2018 working with provinces, and GRCs at Environment every subproject level and Social 34 Training grievance redress Q1 2019 NCDDS On-going specialist to committees (RGC) on their identify the functions and roles responsible of grievance redress committees

6. Next Activity Plan. Next environmental monitoring report (EMR.04) will be submitted to ADB on 15 July 2020, covers the monitoring activity from January to June 2020 which is expected that the civil work of other sub-project will be commenced.

II. PROJECT OVERVIEW, GENERAL SAFEGUARD MATTERS 1. Project Overview

7. Constraints to poverty reduction and smallholder development in Cambodia include: (i) low productivity because of inefficient use of land, water, labor, and capital; (ii) poor productive infrastructure resulting in high costs and restricted access to markets; and (iii) limited access to rural financial services. To address these constraints, in 2009, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved the Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project (TSSD), which has achieved solid achievements in productive infrastructure and livelihood improvement. The government of Cambodia (the Government), ADB and IFAD project teams concluded that successful project activities should be scaled up to broaden the benefits of increased rural incomes and economic development. The additional financing to the TSSD (TSSD-AF) will expand activities on climate-responsive productive infrastructure from 196 communes in five provinces (Banteay Meanchey, Kampong Cham, Kampong Thom, Siem Reap, and Tboung Khmum), to 271 communes in seven provinces, including the two additional provinces of Battambang, and Prey Veng in the Tonle Sap Basin, and further develop an enabled environment for agricultural productivity, diversification, and climate resilience. The inclusion of women, smallholding farmers, and poor people will remain a priority. Consistent with the current project, the AF will enhance agricultural productivity and improve access to markets, resulting in better livelihoods and higher incomes in the project areas, with the added benefit of enhanced resilience to disaster and climate risks.4 8. The original project. The TSSD, co-financed by a loan of $3.30 million and a grant of $27.30 million from the Asian Development Fund resources, a loan of $6.80 million and a grant of $6.80 million financed by IFAD, and a grant of $5.75 million financed by the Government of Finland, was designed to foster community-driven infrastructure, and capacity development in livelihood improvement. Its outcome is increased agricultural productivity and improved access to markets in 196 communes in the Tonle Sap Basin. It has three outputs: (i) community driven development through block grants; (ii) enabling environment for increased agricultural productivity and diversification; and (iii) effective project management. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), and the National Committee for

4 ADB provided project preparatory technical assistance for the TSSD-AF (TA 9167-CAM). 8

Sub-National Democratic Development Secretariat (NCDDS) are the Executing Agencies (EAs) of the TSSD.

9. The TSSD-AF will change the original project scope by expanding the project area from five to seven provinces and enhancing climate and disaster resilience in these provinces. The number of beneficiary households will increase from 430,0005 to 650,0006. The aggregate impact will be livelihoods in target communes and climate resilience in seven provinces in the Tonle Sap Basin improved. The aggregate outcome will be agricultural productivity increased, climate and disaster resilience strengthened, and access to markets improved in 271 communes in seven provinces (See Figure 1) in the Tonle Sap Basin.

10. The three main outputs of the overall project are described below:

 Output 1: Rural productive infrastructure and livelihood improved with capacity in disaster risk management (DRM) enhanced

 Output 2: Enabling environment for increased agricultural productivity, diversification and climate resilience  Output 3: Project management strengthened

5 ADB. 2009. Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors: Proposed Loan and Asian Development Fund Grant and Administration of Grants and Loan to the Kingdom of Cambodia for the Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project. Manila. 6 The number of beneficiary households for TSSD was 630,000 households at project start-up in 2009. However, the number of beneficiary households in the original TSSD communes has fallen to 430,000, based on statistics by NCDDS – Appendix 2. The change is probably because of migration (both internal and cross-border) but this has not been analyzed. Under TSSD- AF, 75 communes have been added to the existing 196 communes, and the number of beneficiary households has increased to 650,000.

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Figure 1: Project Location Maps

Source: SSP6, 2019 Output 1: Rural productive infrastructure and livelihood improved with capacity in disaster risk management (DRM) enhanced. 11. The activity support in the Output 1 are listed below: a. Rural Roads and Small Scale Irrigation b. Support to new and old livelihood improvement groups c. DRR Training and Planning for Commune Councils

Output 2: Enabling environment for increased agricultural productivity, diversification and climate resilience 12. The activity support in the Output 2 are listed: a. Value Chain Support and Market Linkages b. Information and communication technology and commune mobile access program c. Information and communication technology and commune mobile access program Output 3: Project Management Strengthened 13. Support for project management will include (i) strengthening the capacity of the executing and implementing agencies, and local government councils and their administrations, by supporting a limited number of incremental technical staff at selected offices; (ii) providing national and international consulting services; (iii) providing office

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equipment; and (iv) providing vehicles for supervision (four-wheel drive vehicles and motorcycles). Project support will also include capacity building at the commune, district, province, and national levels, including specific actions on capacity building on gender issues and special studies. The TSSD-AF will not need to finance intensive training of project staff in financial management, cash flow management, and disbursement procedures because most staff were trained under TSSD but project management unit (PMU) staff and the PIC will continue an ongoing capacity building program in these areas. 14. The TSSD-AF will assist each of the seven target provinces to set up a PRC and a bid evaluation committee to support the commune to procure works worth $30,000 and above, following procedures to be approved by ADB (See para. 7). The PRCs and the bid evaluation committees will be trained on the use of government standard operating procedures and ADB guidelines for procurement of works. The TSSD-AF will also assist in establishing a poverty targeting and project performance monitoring system (Appendix 4) across both executing agencies that will facilitate delivery of outcome data throughout the project to assist management decisions. This system will be based in MAFF and will include report preparation, dissemination of project information, and establishment and maintenance of a project website. 15. To enable effective government oversight of the project, the innovative steering committee arrangement, led by the Council for Agriculture and Rural Development (CARD), will be continued, and will provide guidance to the executing and implementing agencies without creating excessive additional institutional burden. CARD will continue to conduct regular project steering committee meetings of at least twice per year and will ensure that project performance is monitored throughout implementation. Both MAFF and NCDDS will use the same M&E system for the TSSD-AF so that there is a single source of project management information and synergy between project components can be effectively developed. 2. Project Progress

16. Two civil work subprojects: (i) a rural road rehabilitation subproject in Chbar Ampov commune of ; and (ii) a canal rehabilitation subproject in Lvea commune of Prey Veng province were selected by the PPTA team as core subprojects. Table 2: Project Overview, Snapshot of Project Progress

Project Number: 41435-054 Loan Numbers: 2599/8243 Project Number and Title: Grant Numbers: 0186/0191/0192 Project Title: Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project – Additional Financing Environment B

Safeguards Category7 Indigenous Peoples B Involuntary B Resettlement

Reporting period: January – December 2018 Last report date: None Key sub-project  Contract awarding. Lvea Irrigation Core Sub-project was activities since last awarded on 1 May 2018. report:

7 Project Administration Manual, para.80 11

 Progress of Work (% physical completion). It is 30% of project progress and other core sub-project named Chba Ampov Rehabilitated of village road is under of NOL from ADB.  Status of Safeguard Approvals / Permits / Consents.

Report prepared by: Ms. Sao Sambat Morakath, environment specialist of PIC.

A. Chbar Ampov Village Road Rehabilitation in Batheay District, Kampong Cham Province 17. The final design of the road subproject is Chbar Ampov was changed from original scope of 7.6 km length to 1.37 km and its section of the road through Chbar Ampov village will be rehabilitated. In a southerly direction, the proposed road joins a recently improved road which, through a longer route, links to Highway No. 6 through Chealea commune (see map below). This is the route villagers use when the road through Batheay commune to Highway No. 6 is flooded. 18. At present the village has a 5m to 6m width earth road that was funded by the commune. The road is in fair condition but becomes muddy and slippery during rain. Two culverts taking drainage flows under the road are in good condition but may require cleaning. The road is affected by flood roughly one year in two. 19. It is assumed that traffic will comprise motorcycles, cars, small trucks and farm vehicles with maximum loads of 10 to 15 tons. 20. The road embankment will be raised where necessary to take the top elevation just over 10 msl, which will be above the local Mekong flood level about 3 years in 4 and thereby provide improved disaster risk reduction. The road will be provided with 4 m width x 0.15 m thick concrete surface. The decision on the pavement width was made with regard to cost and the need to restrict resettlement issues. Given the relatively low levels of traffic, continuous grassed shoulders built up to the height of the concrete pavement and providing a total width of 5 m will provide adequate space for larger vehicles to pass one another. The shoulder material must be stable but able to support grass. A well graded sandy soil with some gravel is suitable. The concrete pavement will be laid on a well compacted subbase which will be stabilized with cement or lime where necessary. 21. Grass will be planted on the embankment and shoulders to improve resilience to heavy rain and floods and thus improve climate resilience. 22. Some stone will come from the local stone quarry, but most construction material will come from the Skun town at the junction of Highway No. 6 and Highway No. 7, about 24 km from Chbar Ampov subproject’s location. 23. The Chbar Ampov Commune Committee – CC will be the project owner. The CC will sign and manage the contract and monitor construction by the contractor with guidance and support from the Infrastructure Design and Supervision Consultants.

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Figure 2: Project Location

Final Detail Design (1.37km)

B. Lvea Irrigation System Rehabilitation in Preah Sdach District, Prey Veng Province 24. The final design of the irrigation subproject is Lvea was changed from original scope of 18 m width to 19m. Irrigated agriculture in Prey Veng Province is rice-based with irrigation used mainly for a second crop in the dry season. If sufficient irrigation water is available a second crop of rice is sown. In general, lands have level topography and the poor condition of the canals is the primary constraint to irrigation. At the subproject site in Lvea commune, due to poor design, failed connections, and silting up, the condition of secondary canals constrains irrigation penetration into the area and during dry season, many lands are observed to be fallow. 25. Farmers employ low-head portable diesel pumps (owned or rented) where the water level in canals or even drains are too low to service lands by gravity. Rice yields are moderate to good in general between 1.5 and 3 ton/ha, with only a few places reaching 2.5 tons/ha. Post- harvest drying and processing are potentially wasteful with significant losses. Seed quality is often poor. Most planting is broadcast, and requires both rain and some irrigation to meet the large needs of land soaking and land preparation. 26. Under this subproject it is proposed to rehabilitate three secondary canals with a total length of 4 km. Water will come from primary and secondary canals supplied by Pumping Station No. 2 on the Traebek River. These are: (i) Secondary Canal 1: a 1 km canal north of Highway 1 in Thnaot village, flowing south from a secondary canal: adding a command area of 57 ha for a dry season crop. (ii) Secondary Canal 2: a 3 km long canal south of Highway 1, starting at an intake gate on main canal (no. 10) and flowing eastward through Boeung Snao and Takork villages and finishing at a ruined Pol Pot era gate: adding 179 ha for a dry season crop.

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(iii) Secondary Canal 3: a 1 km long canal south of Highway 1, starting at an intake gate on main canal (no.10) and flowing westward: adding 69 ha for a dry season crop. 27. Rehabilitation will involve the excavation of existing canals to re-establish efficient flow rates and carrying capacities and the installation or repair of regulators at the junctions with main canal, and road/track crossing points. Figure 3: Location of Lvea Commune Irrigation Subproject Components (red) (From Google Earth)

Source: PPTA Team.

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Figure 4: Layout of Lvea Commune Irrigation Subproject

Source: PPTA Team.

28. Expected increases in dry season cropping areas from the rehabilitation of these three secondary canals is 307 ha: (i) 57 ha at Thnaot Village; (ii) 179 ha at Boeung Snao and Takork Villages; and (iii) 71 ha at the western extension of the Boeung Snao and Takork canal 29. The specifications of the subproject comprise works to improve the secondary canals. The proposed works are summarized in Table 2 and cross sections for the three canals at Figure 5. Table 3: List of Structures

Description of Description of No. Station Type of Structure Existing Structure Rehabilitation Measure 1 SC1 (PK. 0+025) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell RE New Design with Pr/Ch 2 SC1 (PK. 0+410) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell RE New Design with Pr/Ch 3 SC2 (PK. 1+043) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell N/A New Design with Pr/Ch

4 SC2 (PK. 1+551) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell N/A New Design with Pr/Ch 5 SC2 (PK. 1+825) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell RE New Design with Pr/Ch 6 SC2 (PK. 2+094) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell RE New Design with Pr/Ch 7 SC3 (PK. 0+000) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell RE New Design with Pr/Ch 8 SC3 (PK. 0+420) Pipe Culvert 1 Cell N/A New Design with Pr/Ch Note: RE: Remove existing structure, Pr/Ch: Protection/Channeling, N/A: Not available, SC: Secondary Canal

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Figure 5: Typical Cross Section of Canals

Source: PPTA Team 3. Safeguards Plans Implementation Arrangements

30. The Royal Government of Cambodia will apply an Asian Development Bank (ADB) loan to implement the Additional Financing (AF) to the Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project (TSSD). Loan proceeds will fund a series of infrastructure sub-projects, each one of which will require an environmental impact assessment which complies with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009) and government regulations. There are two executing agencies; Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) and National Committee for Democratic Development Secretariat (NCDDS). NCDDS will be a key implementing agency for Output 1 while MAFF will be a key implementing agency for Output 2 and both of them will be a key implementing agency for Output 3. Table 4: Institutional Arrangements and Responsible Aspects Management Roles and Responsibilities Management (i) Oversight body The Council for Agriculture and Rural Development (CARD)  In cooperation with the executing agencies, organize the biannual PSC meetings as a part of the regular CARD meetings.  Conduct regular reviews of project implementation progress and assist in resolving policy issues related to the project implementation at ministerial level (ii) Executing agencies 2 (two) executing agencies; MAFF and NCDDS. Ensure successful implementation of the project in accordance with the loan and grant

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Aspects Management Roles and Responsibilities agreements. In term of environmental aspect, the two executive agencies will share responsibility for the following task:  Ensure compliance with covenants and other obligations in the loan and grant agreements.  Oversee the implementation of and compliance with the environmental review and assessment framework, initial environmental examinations and environmental management plans (where required), indigenous peoples planning framework, and indigenous peoples plans (where required).  Submit the due diligence reports for non-infrastructure activities, and the preliminary studies and feasibility studies (where applicable) for infrastructure subprojects to ADB for review and approval.  Submit semi-annual independent safeguard monitoring reports to ADB (iii) Key implementing NCDDS is responsible for Output 1, MAFF is responsible for Output agencies 2. The implementing agency will designate a staff member to be the project environment safeguard officer (ESO). Provincial Level (iv) Provincial Support A PST will be established in each project province, incorporating Team (PST) provincial staff of the implementing agency ministries. PST responsible are:  Support five provincial counterpart staff as follows: (i) a provincial deputy governor to be responsible overall, (ii) a contract/finance administration officer who also serves as a facilitator, (iii) an agriculture coordinator, (iv) an agriculture marketing and ICT support officer, and (v) a gender focal point seconded from the departments of agriculture, and women’s affairs.  Plan and manage the assigned functions consistent with decentralization, all project implementation guidelines and the project administration manual (PAM).  Ensure that the procedures in planning at the commune level are correctly followed to ensure that the selected subprojects respond to the priorities of the target communes and the project impact.  Supervise and support the activities of the commune councils in respect of rural infrastructure subprojects and livelihood improvement activities.  Facilitate the support of provincial line departments in providing Technical Clearance of rural infrastructure subprojects and in supervising and monitoring the construction and impact of the subprojects.  Provide capacity building training and mentoring for the district and commune staff.

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Aspects Management Roles and Responsibilities  Monitor the progress of implementation at district and commune level and assist in the resolution of problems and constraints.  Ensure timely reporting to the NCDDS and MAFF in terms physical and financial progress of the project activities at the sub-national level.  Provide regular updates of the NCDDS on-line database for all commune level activities.  Facilitate the participation of the commune staff in the formulation of the annual work plans and budget.  Ensure that all subproject designs are technically cleared by relevant provincial technical departments and in particular, the road designs are approved by the Provincial Department of Rural Development, and the irrigation designs are approved by the Provincial Department of Water Resources and Meteorology.  Coordinate capacity building training and mentoring for DST members to facilitate support to LIGs, MIGs, and other groups. Commune Level (iv) Project Implementation  Commune councils will implement infrastructure subprojects – units – Commune contracting and supervising construction contractors and Councils (CC) owning and operating the finished facilities.  Recruit one commune mobile access worker (CMAW) in each commune to support project implementation.  Manage the variable block grant commune development funds (CDFs) to support rural infrastructure subprojects, livelihood improvement activities and commune administration costs.  Identify appropriate rural infrastructure subprojects that enhance agricultural productivity in the project target villages for inclusion in the annual Commune Investment Plan.  Procure works or services as per Commune/Sangkat PIM and/or instruction from NCDDS. Participate in provincial PRC as a member to procure works for their commune when the total subproject cost beyond the threshold of the commune councils to procure through PIM.  Award and manage contracts and monitor works construction under their responsibility  Open and operate bank accounts at a commercial bank, as per official request from the National Committee for Disaster Management Secretariat/MEF to receive funding from the project.  Submit monthly physical and financial progress reports to the PST through district support team (DST).  Contract and manage external service providers to provide technical training and demonstrations to the members of the LIGs to support their livelihood improvement activities.

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31. The subproject civil works for village road will be included in commune development plans (CDP), confirming community interest and funds to contractors will be paid by relevant commune councils. 32. Final design for village road subproject was finalised and support in bid preparation, and construction supervision has undertaken by a Design and Supervision Consultants (D&S Consultant) and selected by a procurement review committee (PRC) composed of representatives from the implementing agencies. 33. A provincial support team (PST) has established for each province. The PSTs will ensure that all subproject designs are technically cleared by relevant provincial technical departments and, in particular, that road designs are approved at provincial level by the provincial department of rural development, and that irrigation designs are approved by the provincial departments of water resources and meteorology. 34. The D&S Consultant will support CC and PST to prepare tender and contract construction documents. The commune councils will therefore act as the project implementation units for the infrastructure outputs. The commune councils will remain the project owners and will award the contract, manage the contract, and monitor the construction. The D&S Consultant will assist commune councils to monitor construction standards and facilitate monthly coordination at provincial level. 35. For the environmental aspects of the project, the safeguard unit within NCDDS will assign a suitably qualified staff member to be the project Environmental Safeguards Officer (ESO). 36. ESO will supervise, coordinate and assist in the implementation of environmental safeguards for the project. In coordination with subnational government counterparts and working closely with the Environmental Safeguards and Climate Change Specialist (ESCC) of the project implementation consultants (PIC) and the NES and NCC of the Infrastructure Design and Supervision consultant team (D&S Team), the officer will: a. Assist the commune councils to implement the environmental management plan (EMP) or Environmental Code of Conduct measures for each subproject. b. Provide training to commune councils and contractors as necessary to facilitate implementation of the EMP or Environmental Code of Conduct. c. Assist commune councils in their monitoring responsibilities under the EMP. d. Working with the implementing agency’s complaint unit, implement the project grievance redress mechanism (GRM), including; (i) instruct the commune councils and other local agencies on their responsibilities in the GRM; (ii) establish a simple registry system, to document and track grievances received (including forms to record complaints and how they have been resolved); and (iii) prepare reports on progress of the GRM for inclusion in the semi-annual environmental monitoring and quarterly project progress reports to ADB. e. Assist in the preparation of materials for the training of commune councilors, commune mobile access workers (CMAW), PST, district support team members (DST), as well as trainers at provincial level, in the use of these tools, to enable them to deliver further training at commune level. f. Assist the National Committee for Disaster Management Secretariat to include climate resilience training at the commune level in the national disaster risk reduction program.

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g. Ensure that the environmental awareness and capacity building of the Project adequately covers the requirements for environmental safeguarding. h. Provide the Project Director and Project Manager with progress reports which cover environmental performance of all parties, training progress, issues outstanding and further actions recommended. 37. For Project implementation consultants (PIC) will include an Environmental Safeguards and Climate Change Specialist (ESCC) who will work with the ESO and assist the PSTs and commune councils to fulfil their environmental responsibilities in implementing subproject EMPs. The role of the ESCC/PIC will be to work as part of the implementing agency, helping them fulfil their supervision and monitoring responsibilities. The ESCC/PIC will also prepare inputs for the quarterly project progress report and semi-annual environmental monitoring reports for ADB. The ESCC/PIC will be contracted for the duration of the loan implementation period. 38. To enable effective national government oversight of the project, the innovative steering committee arrangement of TSSD will be continued, and will provide guidance to the executing and implementing agencies without creating excessive additional institutional burden. CARD will handle the steering committee functions as part of its regular meetings and other meetings as needed and will ensure that project performance is monitored throughout implementation up to completion. 39. Environmental monitoring during operation of the subprojects in the longer term is the responsibility of the commune. 4. Updated EMPs/COC Incorporation of Safeguards Requirements into Project Contractual Arrangements

40. It is noted that environmental considerations have been incorporated in the design, bidding documents, and civil works contracts to ensure environmentally responsive procurement. The cost of all mitigation measures during construction have been included in all bidding documents and signed contracts. As 31 December 2019, 23 EMP/COC were included in bidding document. Table 5: EMP/COC Incorporated in Bidding Document

EMP/COC No. Bid No. Description Location Requirements 1. Priority Subprojects (7 subprojects) 1. Kokoah Commune, Moung Rehabilitation of 1.3 km of - Russey District, Battambang COC for Canal Kokoah Commune Canal province 2. Rehabilitation of 1.62 km Kansoam Ak Commune, - of Kansoam Ak Commune Kampong Trabeak District, Prey COC for Canal Canal Veng Province 3. Rehabilitation of 1.538 km Pnov Commune, , - COC for Canal of Pnov Commune Canal 4. Kok Romiet Commune, Thmar Improvement of 4.1 km - Pouk District, Banteay Meanchey COC for Road Laterite Road Province 5. Tang Krasang Commune, Upgrading of 0.476 km - Batheay District, Kampong Cham COC for Road Concrete Road Province 6. Ruessei Lok Commune, Chi Improvement of 2.97 km - Kraeng District, Siem Reap COC for Road Laterite Road Province 7. Trapeang Phlong Commune, DBST Pavement of 0.79 - , Thboung COC for Road km Road Khmom Province

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EMP/COC No. Bid No. Description Location Requirements 2. Subprojects for Bidding on 4th Quarter of 2019 (16 Subprojects) 1. TSSD-AF-BTB-NCB- Reparation of 5.00 km of , Battambang COC for Road W/RR005-NCDDS Knach Romeas Laterite Province Road 2. TSSD-AF-BTB-NCB- Improvement of 1.898 km Kouk Khmum Commune, Thma COC for Road W/RR021-NCDDS of DBST Road Koul District, 3. TSSD-AF-BTB-NCB- Rehabilitation of 9 km of Rukh Kiri District, Battambang EMP of Canal Inter Commune Basak~ W/IR019-NCDDS Province Prek Chik Canal subproject 4. TSSD-AF-BMC-NCB- Upgrading of 2.786 km of Bos Sbov Commune, Preah Netr COC for Road W/RR006-NCDDS Bos Sbov DBST Road Preah District, Banteay Meanchey Province 5. TSSD-AF-BMC-NCB- Improvement of 2.511km Samraong Commune, Ou Chrov COC for Road W/RR008-NCDDS of Samraong SBST Road District, Banteay Meanchey Province 6. TSSD-AF-KPT-NCB- Improvement of 6.056 km Inter-commune of Msar Krang COC for Road and Kampong Chen Cheung, W/RR010-NCDDS SBST Road , Kampong Thom Province 7. TSSD-AF-KPT-NCB- Improvement of 4.390km Inter-Commune Tang Krasang- COC for Road W/RR017-NCDDS DBST Road Subproject Pnov, Santuk District, Kampong Thom Province 8. TSSD-AF-KPT-NCB- Construction of 7.388 km Inter-Commune of Sandan and EMP of Road W/RR003-NCDDS of Laterite Road Dang Kambet, , in Kampong Thom Province 9. TSSD-AF-PVG-NCB- Construction of 3.497 km Kampong Trabaek Commune, COC for Road W/RR023-NCDDS of SBST Road , Prey Veng Province 10. TSSD-AF-PVG-NCB- Improvement of 2.750 km Romlech Commune, Sithor COC for Road W/RR014-NCDDS of SBST Road Subproject Kandal District, Prey Veng Province TSSD-AF-SRP-NCB- Improvement of 1.00 km of 11. Sangkat Chreav, Siem Reap COC for Road W/RR007-NCDDS Chreav Asphalt Concrete Municipality, in Siem Reap Pavement Road subproject Province 12. TSSD-AF-SRP-NCB- Rehabilitation of 8.993 km Svay Sar Commune, Varin EMP of Road W/RR009-NCDDS of Svay Sar Earth Road District, Siem Reap 13. TSSD-AF-TKM-NCB- Rehabilitation of 5.5 km of Kak Commune, Ponhea Kraek COC for Canal W/IR013-NCDDS Bak Ay Canal subproject District, 14. TSSD-AF-TKM-NCB- Upgrading of 1.5 km of Tuol Snuol Commune, Krouch COC for Road W/RR004-NCDDS Tuol Snuol Concrete Road Chhmar District, Tboung Khmum Province 15. TSSD-AF-KPC-NCB- Construction of 3.327 km Inter-Commune Batheay- Me COC for Road W/RR016-NCDDS of DBST Road Subproject Pring, Batheay District, Kampong Cham Province 16. TSSD-AF-KPC-NCB- Construction of 2.508 km Sdaeung Chey Commune, COC for Road W/RR015-NCDDS of SBST Road Subproject , Kampong Cham Province

41. Sub-projects Selection and Environmental Screening. In this report period, the Environment Specialist/SSP6 has completed the revised 7 prior review subprojects as ADB’s comments and resubmitted to ADB/NCDD-PMU for approval, and additionally evaluated the subprojects with classifying the categorization by increasing from 71 subprojects of second quarter to 73 subprojects of third quarter of the 80 communes/Sangkat as showed in Table 6 below. Based EARF, 2017, the Category A subproject will not be selected.

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Table 6: Environmental screening and environmental impact categories Provinces Total Cat. A Cat. B Cat. C Note BTB 8 4 4 None new SP BMC 10 7 3 New 1 SP SRP 16 3 7 6 New 1 SP KPT 13 9 4 New 3 SP KPC 12 6 6 None New SP TKM 6 1 5 None new SP PVG 8 3 5 None new SP 73 3 37 33 Source: SSP6, October 2019

III. ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE MONITORING

42. In this report period, one civil work (Chbar Ampov Village road) is being implementing and safeguard requirement is being compliant such as: - Updated IEE/EMP of Chbar Ampov Road Subproject and Lvea Irrigation Subproject to consistent with final detail designed - Establishment of GRM - Disclosure Project Information Booklet and conduct public consultation IV. PUBLIC CONSULTATION, INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CAPABILITY BUILDING

43. Public Consultations and Meetings. In this report period, 16 public consultation meetings were held on 3rd and 4th quarter of 2019. The meeting was done at commune office, pagoda and school; depending on the favorable location. The total participants in the 16 public meeting is 1,099 people (425 female). The minute of meeting and list of participants were attached in the IEE report. During the meeting, some topic has been informed and discussed; 1).brief the project information, 2). prepare the environmental impact map, 3). Identify the impacts due to project activity, and 3). Proposed the mitigation measure and 4). supporting on the project implement. After the team has informed local people and authority about the possible impacts that could happen during construction, people agree on the project implement. 44. The discussion in the meeting also focused on the main environmental issue in the local area and concern on positive and negative impact of the proposed subproject. The commune chief informed that the proposed subproject is the existing road, and the road condition is difficult for traveling. They hope and happy to with the proposed

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subproject. The summary of the comments and concerns from local people and relevant local authority are described below: a) Positive Impacts of the project: i. It is easy to travel and to transport produce to market ii. Less cost and save time on travel and transportation iii. Increase the number of tourists to the tourist area (good rice paddies), which in turn increases income for the community and the people living there iv. People will earn extra income from tourist service, and v. Provide more benefits to local community (both road and pool) b) Negative Impacts i. Damage caused by transporting equipment to the site occurred during construction ii. Dust accumulation during construction occurs during construction iii. Noise during construction iv. Traffic accident during construction v. Damage to the roadway that the truck carrying construction equipment goes through after the completion of the project occurs after the project is completed Table 7: List of Participants # of Participants No. Bid No. Description Location Total # of Female 1. TSSD-AF-BTB-NCB- Reparation of 5.00 km of Bavel District, Battambang 22 2 W/RR005-NCDDS Knach Romeas Laterite Road Province 2. TSSD-AF-BTB-NCB- Improvement of 1.898 km of Kouk Khmum Commune, 78 42 W/RR021-NCDDS DBST Road , Battambang Province 3. TSSD-AF-BTB-NCB- Rehabilitation of 9 km of Rukh Kiri District, 160 46 W/IR019-NCDDS Inter Commune Basak~ Battambang Province Prek Chik Canal subproject 4. TSSD-AF-BMC-NCB- Upgrading of 2.786 km of Bos Bos Sbov Commune, 53 29 W/RR006-NCDDS Sbov DBST Road Preah Netr Preah District, Banteay Meanchey Province 5. TSSD-AF-BMC-NCB- Improvement of 2.511km of Samraong Commune, Ou 15 3 W/RR008-NCDDS Samraong SBST Road Chrov District, Banteay Meanchey Province 6. TSSD-AF-KPT-NCB- Improvement of 6.056 km of Inter-commune of Msar 190 94 W/RR010-NCDDS SBST Road Krang and Kampong Chen Cheung, Stoung District, Kampong Thom Province 7. TSSD-AF-KPT-NCB- Improvement of 4.390km Inter-Commune Tang 102 39 W/RR017-NCDDS DBST Road Subproject Krasang-Pnov, Santuk District, Kampong Thom Province 8. TSSD-AF-KPT-NCB- Construction of 7.388 km of Inter-Commune of Sandan 75 32 W/RR003-NCDDS Laterite Road and Dang Kambet, Sandan District, in Kampong Thom Province 9. TSSD-AF-PVG-NCB- Construction of 3.497 km of Kampong Trabaek 74 36 W/RR023-NCDDS SBST Road Commune, Kampong Trabaek District, Prey Veng Province 10. TSSD-AF-PVG-NCB- Improvement of 2.750 km of Romlech Commune, Sithor 30 4 23

# of Participants No. Bid No. Description Location Total # of Female W/RR014-NCDDS SBST Road Subproject Kandal District, Prey Veng Province 11. TSSD-AF-SRP-NCB- Improvement of 1.00 km of Sangkat Chreav, Siem 35 15 W/RR007-NCDDS Chreav Asphalt Concrete Reap Municipality, in Siem Pavement Road subproject Reap Province 12. TSSD-AF-SRP-NCB- Rehabilitation of 8.993 km of Svay Sar Commune, Varin 55 31 W/RR009-NCDDS Svay Sar Earth Road District, Siem Reap 13. TSSD-AF-TKM-NCB- Rehabilitation of 5.5 km of Bak Kak Commune, Ponhea 40 14 W/IR013-NCDDS Ay Canal subproject Kraek District, Tboung Khmum Province 14. TSSD-AF-TKM-NCB- Upgrading of 1.5 km of Tuol Tuol Snuol Commune, 25 7 W/RR004-NCDDS Snuol Concrete Road , Tboung Khmum Province 15. TSSD-AF-KPC-NCB- Construction of 3.327 km of Inter-Commune Batheay- 79 14 W/RR016-NCDDS DBST Road Subproject Me Pring, Batheay District, Kampong Cham Province 16. TSSD-AF-KPC-NCB- Construction of 2.508 km of Sdaeung Chey Commune, 66 17 W/RR015-NCDDS SBST Road Subproject Cheung Prey District, Kampong Cham Province Total 1,099 425 Source: SSP6, December 2019

Public Consultation in Romlech Commune, Prey Veng Province

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45. Training. On 3-4 October 2019, two day training was conducted at NCDD Office with all PST and PPMA of target provinces. The training purpose is to i). Finalize the working activity on environment and social safeguard which are supported by PST and PPMA, ii). Discuss on annual work plan on environment and social safeguard for 2020.

V. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

46. The grievance redress mechanism(GRM) has been prepared and integrated into the updated EMP for Chbar Ampov and Lvea irrigation sub-projects and the updated EMP for Lvea has been approved by ADB in December 2018, while the updated EMP for Chbar Ampove is under review by ADB. An induction on GRM procedures and recording mechanism will be provided to key/relevant staff in all target provinces will be provided. The GRM procedures is shown in Figure 6. 47. The grievance redress mechanism process is described as bellow: Stage 1 – Contractors/Village Heads, Commune Council – One Week: If a concern arises during construction, the affected person will submit a written or oral complaint to the contractor/village heads/Commune Council directly. Whenever possible, the contractor/village heads/Commune Council will resolve the issue directly with the affected person. The contractor/village heads/Commune Council will give a clear reply within one week. If successful, the contractor/village heads/Commune Council will inform the complaints unit accordingly (See Attachment 3: GRM – Complaint Recording Form). Stage 2 – District/Provincial Level (Project Supporting Team – PST) – 5 Working Days: If no appropriate solution can be found, the contractor/village heads/Commune Council should forward the complaint to the PST within 5 working days it may also submit a written or oral complaint to the PST. The PST will investigate and identify the solution and provide a clear reply for the complainant within 5 working days. The environment consultants of the loan implementation consultancy service will assist the PST in replying to the affected person. The PST will timely convey the complaint/grievance and suggested solution to the contractors/village heads/Commune Council or operators of facilities. The contractors during construction

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and the operators during operation will implement the agreed upon redress solution and report the outcome to the complaints unit within 7 working days. Stage 3 – Key Implementation Agency (NCDD & MAFF) – 10 Working Days. This level has 10 working days within which meets with the aggrieved party and tries to resolve the situation. Within 10 working days of submission of the grievance, the Key Implementation Agency (NCDD & MAFF) must make a written decision and submit copies to the PST, Contractor/Village Head/Commune Council and the APs. If the complaint still not be solved at this stage, the complaint may be brought to ADB, the following steps will be taken:

o Special Mission or Judicial System: the IA (NCDD & MAFF) will inform ADB to convene a special mission to attempt a resolution prior to use of the Cambodian judicial system;

o Accountability Mechanism of the ADB. In addition, Aps may always contact the Complaints Receiving Officer of the ADB Through ADB Cambodia Residential Mission; 29 Suramarit Blvd. (St.268), Sangkat Chatomuk, Khan Daun Penh, , Cambodia; (+855) 23 215 805; (+855) 23 215 807; www.adb.org/cambodia. 48. During construction, the complaints unit will be informed to contractors and construction supervisors, commune council’s staff, if people complain about the project. During operation, the complaints unit will be advised of complaints by the commune council. The complaints unit will also inform the ADB project team and submit all relevant documents such as contact persons for the sub-project provided to affected persons and including the sign boards at construction sites, camps and each village that show the contact person information. 49. Up to 31 December 2019, GRM of 23 subprojects were finalized and established with attachment of contact person name and telephone number.

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Figure 6: GRM System

Grievances/complaints by APs, Groups or Institutions

Oral or written Solutio complaint n Found Stage 2: District/Provincial Level Stage 1: (Provincial Support Team Contractor/Village Reportin – PST) Inform if solved; Forward if not solved

Complain ts Unit

under IA solved Forwardnot if Reportin if Inform solved; Reportin Stage 3: Key Implementation Agency (IA)

Record complaint, inform relevant stakeholder

Investigation, consultation and coordination as Reporti appropriate ng Solution found

Implement Solution During During Construction Operation

Contractor Commune

ADB = Asian Development Bank; AP = affected person; CC = commune council; GRM = grievance redress mechanism; IA = implementing agency.

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VI. CONCLUSION AND NEXT ACTIVITY PLAN

50. In conclusion, in this report period, the environmental activities has been done are:  23 EMPs/COCs were incorporated in bidding document,  2 days training was conducted on review activation for supporting and prepare environmental impacts for selected subproject  73 Subprojects were screened and categorized on environment;  16 public consultation meetings were done for selected subprojects. 51. Next activity plan are:  Continue supervise and instruct the contractor of Chbar Ampov subproject on environmental monitoring  Continue conduct environmental screening for selected subprojects  Coordinate and supervise the PST and PPMA on GRM GRC establishment for selected subprojects  Conduct public consultation meeting for selected subprojects.

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ATTACHMENTS

1. Photographs Environmental Screening Activity on 3rd and 4th Quarter of 2019 2. Consultation/Interview Form 3. GMR Compliant Form

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Attachment 1: Photographs of Environmental Screening and Public Consultation

Existing Road in Sdaeung Chey Commune, Kampong Cham Province

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Existing Road in Batheay- Me Pring commune, Kampong Cham Province

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Attachment 2: Consultation / Interview Form

Date of Interview Interviewer Name

Interview Site: Stakeholder Name & Status: Where is the interview held? In Full name, status is school, on the road, business owner, school in shop teacher, religious leader, resident

Construction Site & Has this stakeholder been Date Construction interviewed before? Started Yes (when were they Which road, GPS interviewed) No location if available Interview Discussion Points:

1. NOISE Record of Discussion

Before the project started, was the person disturbed by noise? If yes, explain how and when. Where did the noise come from? e.g. traffic, machinery, people, music When did it disturb the person? e.g. all day, at night, intermittently

During the construction, is the person disturbed by noise from the project? If yes, explain how and when. What type of noise and where did the noise come from? All day, at night, intermittently?

If noise from construction is a problem, what changes does the person suggest are made?

2. AIR QUALITY Record of Discussion

Before the project started, was the person affected by air pollution or dust? If yes, explain how and when. Where did the pollution or dust come from? e.g. traffic, machinery, construction, burning garbage, cooking stoves When was the dust or pollution a problem? e.g. all day, at night, intermittently

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During the project, is the person disturbed by dust or pollution? If yes, explain how and when. What type of noise and where did the noise come from? E.g. increased traffic congestion, construction machinery, construction workers, burning construction garbage etc. When did it disturb the person? e.g. all day, at night, intermittently

If dust or air pollution from the construction is a problem, what changes does the person suggest are made?

3. VEGETATION AND LAND USE Record of Discussion

Before the project started, what was the vegetation like in the project area? e.g. pasture land, trees, shrubs, rice fields.

During the project, has the person found the vegetation situation has changed? If yes, explain how and when.

If impact on vegetation is unacceptable, what changes does the person suggest are made?

4. COMMUNITY SAFETY Record of Discussion

Before the project started, can you describe the community safety situation in the project area? e.g. no problems, some accidents, difficulty crossing the roads

During the project, has the person found the community safety situation has changed? If yes, explain how and when. Slower traffic so easier to cross the roads, construction vehicles are making a crossing harder / easier, more accidents / less accidents, construction site dangers

If change in road safety is unacceptable, what changes does the person suggest are made?

5. WATER QUALITY Record of Discussion

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Before the project started, was the person affected by poor water quality? If yes, explain how and when. Ground water? Surface Water? Which Water source? How was it polluted?

During the project, is the person affected by water pollution? If yes, explain how and when. Ground water? Surface Water? Which Water source? How is quality being affected?

If water quality from the construction is a problem, what changes does the person suggest are made?

6. ACCESS Record of Discussion

During the project, is the person affected by reduced access to their business, home or land? Access to what is limited, and how?

If access limitations are not acceptable, please suggest changes which can be made?

7. OTHER ISSUES Record of Discussion

Any other issues about the construction sites that the person wants to discuss? e.g. wastewater concerns, waste disposal, other concerns, labor force,

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Attachment 3: GRM – Complaint Recording Form PST Staff Responsible: (name and role) Date: (of this record)

Date of Complaint:

Date Resolution Required by (7 days from initial complaint):

Complaint Made by:

(Name & Contact Details)

Method of Complaint: (direct to IA/EA, via

Contractor, Via Commune People’s Council)

Details of Complaint: (issues, actions taken so far, when did it start – all details needed)

NCDD Actions: (Next steps for IA/EA to resolve the issue or to move complaint to next level)

Follow Up Actions Needed and Date: (IA/EA to follow up on resolution if needed, e.g. check contractor actions)

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