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Em4419 1980.Pdf (10.81Mb) 2'75:)Cf EM 4419 W::J7M,' REACTION OF VARIOUS PLANTS TO 2,4-D, MCPA, January 1980 Cor•:1_ 2,4,5-T, SILVEX AND 2,4-DB Compiled by Robert Parker Extension Weed Specialist-Agronomy r-- The chart that follows was taken from several sources and can be used asia· guide to susceptibility of various plants to foliage applications of phenoxy herbicides. In part, this publication was compiled from: · . • Farmers' Bulletin No. 2183 Using Phenoxy Herbicides Effectively, U.S. Department· of Agriculture. • Agricultural Handbook No. 493 Response of Selected Woody Plants in .=-t he United States to Her-. bicides, U.S. Department of Agriculture. ( =-- (" G k • Agricultural Handbook No. 269 Herbicide Manual for Noncropland Weeds, U.S. Department of Agriculture. • Washington State University Weed Control Handbook 1978. Washington State University, Pullman. The chart lists the effects of phenoxy herbicides applied as foliage sprays. Rate of application for 2,4-D, MCPA, 2,4,5-T or silvex is I pound per acre except for woody plants which may require higher rates. Rate of application for 2,4-DB is 2 pounds per acre. The ester formulations are usually best as foliage sprays for killing brush and trees. Some of the woody species are more susceptible to basal or injection/cut surface treatments. The control ratings of the herbicide in the chart are as follows: S = Susceptible These plants usually can be killed with one moderate application of the her­ bicide at the time when the plant is most susceptible. However, under adverse growth conditions, or as the plants become more mature, they may pass into the Intermediate or even the Resistant group. I = Intermediate These plants can be controlled or killed with the herbicide, but usually a high dosage must be used and then only during the most susceptible period. Some of these plants require repeated treatments. Many of them can be suppressed or defoliated but recover to grow again. R = Resistant Control by the indicated herbicide virtually not feasible. S-I = Susceptible Control by the indicated herbicide falls between the Susceptible and Inter­ to Intermediate mediate classification. Some of these plants may require additional treatment. I-R = Intermediate Control by the indicated herbicide falls between the Intermediate and Resistant to Resistant classification. Regrowth may occur after repeated applications of the herbicide. Species are classified as to whether they are annual (A), biennial (B), perennial (P) or woody (W) plants in growth habit. Every effort was made to use the common and scientific names of the plants accepted by the Weed Science Society of America. The plants are arranged alphabetically by common name in the index. COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE • COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE • WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY • PULLMAN In cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture Issued in furtherance of the Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, by the Washington State University Cooperative Extension Service, J. 0. Young, Director EM 4419 - Page 2 Reaction to Herbicide Type of Genus and Species Common Name Plant ~ ~ I ><: Q < V) 0) Q I A,. I u 'tj-: ~ N"""~ =s N v5 N"""~ Abies balsamea Balsam fir w R R A. concolor White fir w S-I S-I Abutilon theophrasti Velvetleaf A s S-I S-I s Acacia farnesiana Huisache w R R R A. greggii Catclaw acacia w R R R A. rigidula Blackbrush acacia w R R A. tortuosa Twisted acacia w R R AcalEhia virginica Virginia copper- A s leaf Acer spp. Maple w I-R R I S-I R A. circinatum Vine maple w S-I I A. glabrum var. Rocky mountain w I glabrum maple A. macrophyllum Bigleaf maple w I-R I-R I A. negundo Boxelder w S-I S-I I-R A. rubrum Red maple w R I-R I-R A. saccharinum Silver maple w I-R S-I A. saccharum Sugar maple w I-R S-R A. spicatum Mountain maple w I-R I Achillea lanulosa Western yarrow p I I R A. millefolium Common yarrow p I-R I-R 1-R 1-R R Adenostoma fasciculatum Chamise w S-I I-R S-I 1- R I-R AegoEodium podograria Bishops goutweed p R R R Aeschynomene Northern A I I s I R virginica jointvetch EM 4419 - Page 3 Reaction to Herbicide Type o_f r-4 i::Q Genus and Species Common Name Plant I ~ Q < l/") (I) Q I ~ ~~ u ~: ~ ~~ N ::E N v.i N Aesculus spp. Buckeye w R I-R R A. californica California buckeye w I R R Aethusa cynapium Foolsparsley A S-I R Agrirnonia gryposepala Agrirnony p I-R Agrosternrna githago Corn cockle A or B I-R I-R R R R Ailanthus altissirna Tree-of-heaven w S-I R s-r I I-R Ajuga reptans Ajuga p R R R Alhagi carnelorurn Camel thorn w s-r Alisrna triviale Common p s s s S-I waterplantain Alliurn acurninaturn Tapertip onion p I A. canadense Wild onion p I I-R I-R I-R A. vineale Wild garlic p I I-R I-R R I-R Alnus spp. Alder w S-I S-I s s A. crispus American green w s s alder A. rubra Red alder w S-I S-I S-I A. rugosa Speckled alder w S-I S-I A. serrulata Hazel alder w s-r S-I S-I A. sinuata Sitka alder w s I-R Aloysia lycioides Whitebrush w I I R R Alternanthere Alligatorweed p I-R R I I philoxeriodes Arnaranthus albus Tumble pigweed A s s s s s A. blitoides Prostrate pigweed A s s s s EM 4419 - Page 4 Reaction to Herbicide Type of Genus and Species Common Name Plant Arnaranthus continued A. hybridus Smooth pigweed A s s s s A. palmeri Palmer amaranth A s s s s A. retroflexus Redroot pigweed A s s s s s A. spinosus Spiny amaranth A s s s Ambrosia apetera Bloodweed A s s A. artemisiifolia Common ragweed A s s s s s A. psilostachya Western ragweed p S-1 s s s A. trifida Giant ragweed A s s s s s A. trifida var. texana Blood ragweed A s s Arnelanchier alnifolia Saskatoon w S-I S-I S-I serviceberry A. canadensis Thicket w S-I S-I S-I serviceberry Arnmannia coccinea Purple arnrnannia A s s s s S-I (Redstem) Arnepelopsis arborea Peppervine w s Amphicarpa bracteata Southern hogpeanut p s Amsinckia interrnedia Coast fiddleneck A S-1 I S-I s R A. lycopsoides Tarweed fiddleneck p s Anagallis arvensis Scarlet pimpernel A 1-R Antennaria plantaginifolia Plantainleaf pussytoes P s Anthemis arvensis Corn chamomile A or B 1-R A. cotula Mayweed A I 1-R I I-R R Anthriscus sylvestris Woodland beakchervil p 1-R 1-R R EM 4419 - Page 5 Reaction to Herbicide Type of Genus and Species Common Name Plant· ~ ~ I ;i< 0 < V) Cl) 0 ~ I ~-- u ~: ~ ~-- N ~ N VJ N Apocynum androsaemifolium Spreading dogbane p S-I A. cannabinum Hemp dogbane p I-R R R Aralia spinosa Devils-walkings tick w R S-I s Arbutus menziesii Pacific madrone w S-I S-I Arctium lapEa Great burdock B S-I I-R A. minus Common burdock B s s s s s Arcotostaphylos Manzanita w s I-R s I I-R A. canescens Hoary manzanita w s s A. cinera Del Norte manzanita w s s A. columbiana Hairy manzanita w s s A. hispidula Howell manzanita w s s A. parryana var. Pine manzanita w s s pinetorum A. patula Greenleaf manzanita w I I I A. pringlei Pringle manzanita w S-I S-I A. pungens Pointleaf manzanita w S-I S-I A. uva-ursi Bearberry w I-R I S-I Arenaria serpyllif olia Thymeleaf sandwort A or B s s Argemone intermedia Bluestem prickle- A s poppy Artemisia absinthium Absinth wormwood p S-I s C. A. annua Annual wormwood A S-I I S-I A. arbuscula Low sagebrush w s s A. biennis Biennial wormwood B S-I A. californica California w s S-I sagebrush EM 4419 - Page 6 Reaction to Herbicide Type of Genus and Species Common Name Plant E-- i:Q I ><: Cl < t.r) (l) Cl I ~ I s:::t-~ u ~ ..2: s:::t-~ N :E N en N Artemisia continued A. cana Silver sagebrush w s A. filifolia Sand sagebrush w s S-I s s 1-R A. frigida Fringed sagebrush w s s A. tridentata Big sagebrush w s 1-R s I R A. tripartita Threetip sagebrush w s s A. vulgaris Mugwort p 1-R R R R Asclepias curassivica Bloodflower p S-1 s R milkweed A. latifolia Broadleaf milkweed p I I A. speciosa Showy milkweed p R R 1-R S-I R A. syriaca Common milkweed p R R 1-R I R A. verticillata Eastern whorled p R R 1-R R milkweed Asparagus off icinalis Asparagus p 1-R I •-R Aster ericoides Heath aster p S-I A. occidentalis Western aster p 1-R 1-R R A. parryi Woody aster p 1-R R 1-R I-R A. pilosus White heath aster p I I I R Astragalus spp. Milk vetch p S-I I S-I s A. bisulcatus Two grooved milkvetch p s A. earlei Bigbend loco A or B s A. emoryanus Peavine A S-I S-I A.
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