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.* Centrsl Cornriittee c,f Albonisn Forty of Lobour cnd Council cf b Ministers fete Chinese Farty ond Covernment Delegoiion $ff. Mso Tsetung Thought ls the Source Of StremEth

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One of our flrrrent irnportant tasks on the ideologicd front is to unfold criticism of revisionism.

T9eapons are an important factor in war, but not the decisive factcr; it is people, Eot things, that are decisive. The contest of strength is not only a contest of rnilitary and economic power, but also a conteS of human power and morale. Military and economic power is necessarily wielded by people.

' l-r;t the Parties and peoples of China and Albania unite, let the Marxist-Leninists of all countries unite, let the revolutionary people of the whole world unite and overthrow imperialism, modern revisionism and the reactionaries af every eou,ntry! A new world without imperialism, without capitalism and without any system of exploitction is eertain to be built.

The time is not far off when all the aggressors in the rvorld will he buried together witla their running dogs. There is no escape for them. TT{E WEEK

Chinese Psrty qnd Government Delesotion Home From Tirono

The Chinese Party. and Gsvern- Tirana; working personnel of the members of the Chinese delegation rnent Delegation which was in A1- Chinese side of the Sino-Albanian walking round on the tannac to bid bania to attend the c'elebrations of Joint Stock Shipping Company; and fareu'eii to the clowds rvho repeated- the 25th anniversary of the libera- representatives of the Chinese en- ly shouted "Enver-Mao Tsetung!" tion of Albania and the victorY of gineering and technical personnel and "Long live the lriendship be- the people's revolution and to pay a rvorking in Albania and Chinese trveen Albania and China!" Youag friendship visit left Tirana for hsme students there. Pioneers presented flowers to the plane monri.ng of members of the Chinese delegation. by special on the The Chinese Journalists' Delega- with December 4. The delegation tion on a friendship visit in Albania Comrade Shehu and other Albanian head and Comrade Li Hsien-nien as was also present to see the deiega- comrades posed for a group photo Comrade ti Teh-sheng as deputY tisn off. with the Chinese Party and Govern- head carried home with it the pro- ment Delegation by the side of the Also present at the airport were found revolutionary friendship of airllrrer. Ttren, the Chinese and Al- diplomatic envoys of a number of the fr-aternal Albanian people for ihe banian comrades shook hands \&'arm- countries acrcredited to Tirana. Chinese people's great leader Chair- ly and said good-bye to each otlier man Mao as weLl as for the Chinese Thousands of people gathering at af'cer warm embraces. people. the airport to see the Chinese com- The crorrds vaved the national rades-in-arrns o{f held aloft the por- .Amoag those present at the Tiraaa flags oI the two ountries and bou- trait Comrade Enver Hoxha and airport to gtve the Chinese delgga- of quets as the plaue to take off the portrait of Chairman Mao as well @an tion a B'arm send-ofI were Comrade to loud plaudits wishing the Chinete as placards inscribed rvith the follow- Mehmet Shehu, Member of the PoUt- cornr.ades-in-arrns a bon voyage. ical Bureau of the Central Commit- ing slogans: "Long live the fighti,ng tee of the Albanian Party of Labour friendship between Albania and After leavirg Tirana and resting and Chairman of the Council of China!" "Long live the Albanian for a day on its way homp, the Chi- Ministers; gtb Albaaiaa Party and Party of Labour!" "Long live Com- nese Party and Goverrrment Delega- Government leading comrades, in- rad'e Enver lloxha!" and "Long live tion returned to :Peking triumphantly cluding AdiI Carcani, Beqir Balluku, Chairman fuIao Tsetung, the great on the afternoon of December 6. people Gogo Nushi, Haki Toska, Ilysni Ka- leader of the Chinese and the Among those at the airport to wel- po, Ramiz Alia, Rita Marko, Spiro closest friend sf the Albanian pe+- come the return of the delegation Kotr.eka, Abdyl Kellezi, Kadri Hazbi.u, plel" ?hey waved Albarrian and Chi- were Chen Po-ta and Kang Sheng, Koco Theodhosi, Petrit Dume ancl nese national flags and bouquets as Members of the Standing Committee \I Pilo Peristeri; Secretary of the Cerr they sang revolutionary songs and of the Political Bureau of the Cen- tral Comrnittee of t.he Albanian shouted slogans in praise of the tral Committee of the Chinese Com- Party of Iabour Xhafer Spahiu; Pre- friendship between Albania and munist Party; Huang Yung-sheng, sident of the People's Assembly China. Member of the Political Bureau of Bexhar Shtylla; Minister of Foreign Arnid warm applause and cheers, the Party Central Committee and Affairs Nesti Nase; Members of the and Chief the General Staff of the Party Central Commiitee; gol,ern- the Chinse Party Government of Delegation amived at the airport in Chinese Feople's Liberation Army; ment ministers; leading cadres of the the company of Comrade Shehu and Hsieh Fu-chih, lVlember of the Po1iti- Albanian People's Army and relre- other Albanian comrades. Then the cal Bureau of the Party Central sentatives of mass organizations. band played the Chinese and Al- Committee and Vice-Premier of the Also present at the airport to say banian national anthems and, ac- State Council; lVu Fa-hsien, Member good-bye to the delegation wer€ companied by Comrade Shehu, Com- of the Political Bureau of the Party Keng Piao, member of the Chinese rade Li Hsien-nien and Comrade Central Committee and Deputy Chief Party and Government Delegatien Li Teh-sheng revierved the guards of the General Staff of the Chinese and Chinese Ambassador to Albania; of honour of the Albanian Peo- People's Liberation ArmY; Chi Teng- the staff of ttre Chinese Embassy in ple's Army. This rvas foUowed by kuei, Alternate Mernber of the

December 72, 7969

L- Political Bureau of the Party Cen- and leading members of the depart- of the Coui:cil of Ministers, cut the tral Comrnittee; \Mang Hsin-ting, rrlents concerned. ribbon for the exiribition amidst Kuang Jen-nung, Wu Teh and Hsiao Xhonrhi B"obo, Aibanian Ambas- warm applause. Ching-ktrang, I:Iembers of the Party Central Committee; Fang Yi and sador to China, rvas also present at Comrade Enver Horha, Corni'ade Huang Chih-yung, Alter:nate Mem- the airport to r,velcone the return of Haxhi Lleshi, Comrade Mehmet She- bers of the Party, Centi:al Committee; the delegation. hu and other Albanian Party and government leaders saw the exhibits, accompanied b), Comrade Li Hsien- nien, Comrade Li Teh-sheng and all the members of the Chinese Party EXhibitiOn On Chinats SUCCeSSSS in SOCialiSt and covernment Deregation led by them as well as Ccmrade Chai Hou- Construction Opens in Tirana jen, director of the exhibition. After the oper-ring ceremony, thou- sands of working people in the city An exhibition on the successes in signatures on the note written by of Tirana, imbued with profound socillist construction of the Peo- Comrade Enver Hoxha. revolutionary friendship for the Chi- ple':; Republic of Chrna opened rvith nese peoplq enthusiastically visited present gi'airdeur in Tii'ana. capiial of Alba- AIso on the occasion were the exhibition the same day. leading comrades A1- nia, orr Dect'nrber' 1. other of the baaian Party and Governrnent. The exhibition on the successes in Cornradc Enver Hoxha, the great socialist construction of the Peo- The Chinese Party and Govern- learier of the Albanian people and ple's Republic of China consists of five ment Delegation with Comrade Li First Sccretary of the Central Com- pavilions: the Sino-Albanian Friend- Hsien-nien as the head and Comrade mittee of the Albanian Party of La- ship Pavilion, the Great Proletarian bour, Comrade Haxhi I,leshi, Pres- Li Teh-sheng as the deputy head at- tended the ceremony. Cultural Revolution Pavilion, the ident of the Presidium of the Peo- Agriculture Pavilion, the Light In- ple's Assenrbly, and Comrade Meh- Present also lvere delegations from dustry Pavilion and the HeavY In- met Shehu, Chairman of the Council other countries that have come for dustry Pavilion. It covers an area of Ministers, attended the opeaing the celebrations of the 25th anniver- 8,000 square metres. eeremony and saw the exhibit* At of more than sary of the liberation of Albania. More than 4,300 kinds of exhibits the end of the visit, Comrade &rver The Chinese Journalists' Delegation are on display. Hoxha wrote in the visitors' book: was also present. , i'The Chinese exhibition which we Foreign dipl:matic envoys in Alba- vi.sited toelay is majestic, iust as the nia also attended. glorious and fraternal Chinese peo- French Morxist-Leninist ple are. After an opening speech by Com- Communists Delegotion rade Chai Hou-jen, director of the the "V[e saw with admitation Chinese exhibition, the national flags ln Peking Chinese work- titanic efforts of the of Aibania and China were hoisted ing people irr sl1 fields of life. AII in front of the exhibition building At the invitation of the Central force PartY these w'onders of the wisdom, to the strains of the national anthems Committee of the Communist work and crea- of rvill, and skill at of both countries. of China, the Deiegation of Marxist- tion of the Chinese people have been Leninist Communists of France, led aehieved thanks to the wise Marxist- The opening ceremony u,as address- by C.omrade.Jacqucs Jurquet, arived Leninist teachings and the victorious ed by Comrade Li Chiang, lVlember in Peking in the afternoon of Decem- great ideas of Comrade Mao Tsetung, of the Central Committee of the Com- ber 7 on a visit to China. Marxist-LeninisL munist Pafty of China, Vice-Minis- ter of Foreign Trade and member of Welcoming the delegation at the "0ur peopleq our Parties are the visiting Chinese Party and Gov- airport were Conarade Wu Fa-hsien, bound by au everlaqtiog friendship. ernment Delegatlon, and Comrade Member of the Political Bureau of Kico Ngjela, Member of the Central "IUay Mao Tsetung live as long as the Central Commrttee of t,I.e Com- our high rnountains! Committee of the Albanian Party of munist Party of China; Comrade Kuo Labour and lVlinister of Commerce. Yu-feng, Alternate Member of t^tre "Glorv to Marxism-Leninism!' lead- Tlren, Comrade Mehmet Shehu, Farty Central Committee; and Colnraeie Haxhi Lleshi, Comr4de Member of the Political Bureau of irrg membels of the departtnents con- Mehmet Shehu and other Party anC the Central Committee of the AIba- cerned, including Cornrades Shen govelruner:i leaders also put their nian Party of Labour and Chairman Chien and Yang Yu-heng;

4 Peki*g Reuiew, No. 50 SenltraE &smarmitEee s$ &lbaxrian Party sf, [aboarr i fimd GeuercE! 0f frfinisters tete thEmese

Party amd &ouernment fi}elegati*m

L

rilHE Central Committee of the Albanian Party of Other leading comrades of the Aibanian Party and I Laboul and i;he Council of Ministers gave a banquet Governmcnt also attended the banquet. December 3 evening in the Palace of Brigades in honour of the Chinese Party and Government Delegation with Diplomatic personnel of the Chinese Embassy in Li Hsien-nien. Nlember of the Political Bureau of the Tirana were present at the banquet. Central Corninittee of the Chinese Communist Party Comrade Mehmet Shehu and Comrade Li Hsien- and Vice-Plemier of the State Council, as head and Li nien spoke at Lhe banquet. Teh-sheng, Aiternate Meinber of the Political Bureau permeated most enthusiaStic of the Ccnlr:al Committee of the Chinese Communist At the banquet with a friendly atmosphere, Cornrade Ent'er Hoxha pro- Party, Member of the Military Cornrtission of the Party and posed toasts to the unbreakable friendship and militant Central Committee and Chairman of the Revolutionary unity between the Parties and peoples of Albania and Committee of Anhrvei Province, as deputy head. China, to the fraternal 700 million Chinere people and Comrade Enver lloxha, the great leader of the to their outstanding leader, the great Marxist-Leninist people, Albanian peopl.e and First Secretary of the Central and the closest friend of the Albanian Chairrnan Mao Tsetung. Committee of the Albanian Party of Labour, Comrade Haxhi Lleshi. President of the Presidium of the People's The spirit of the great revolutionary friendship and Assembly, and Comrade Mehmet Shehu, Chairman of militant unity betrveen the Parties and peoples of Al- the Council of Llinisters, attended the banquct. bania and China prevailed throughout'the banquet.

Cornrade Mehmet Shehu's Speech

Dear C,omrade Li Hsien-nien, gation of the People's Republic of China. led by Com- rades Li Hsien-nien and Li Teh-sheng. Dear Comrade Li Teh-sheng, The participation of the respected friencls from Dear Conrrades of the Chinese Party and Government sister China in our festival is for us a great honour Delegation, and another high expression of the everlasting rev- olutionary: friendship and unbreakable miiitant unity Comracies: binding our tu'o peoples, our two Parties and our til'o The Albanian people are very glad that they have socialist countries. We are cgnvinced that your visit celebrated the great jubilee of the 25th anniversary of to our eountry is another fresh conti'ibution to the further strengthening our relations of unbreakable the liberaiicn of their fatherlend and the triumph of of friendship and close eo-operation in all fields. the people's revolution of Albania jointly with their close comrades-in-arms, the envoys of the great 700 During your stay in our country. you, dear com- million Chinese people, the Partlr and Government Dele- rades, had the opportunity to visit important economic

'Decentber 12, 1969

I tl ll.. centres and colossal works which are the symbols bf the Albanian-Chinese friendship and to directly acquaint yourselves with the excellent revolu- tionary situation that exists in our sociaiist Albania. Wherever you went you.were witnesses to the pure feelings of boundless fraternal friendshb eherished by our people and Party for the ?00 million Chinese peoplg for their glorious Communist Party and for their great leader and the most respected friend of the Albanian people, trhe great Marxist-Leninis! Comrade Mao Tsetung. The great Albanian-Chinese friend- sliip is an unbreakable friendship, a friendship of the peoples, a friendship of real rer.olutionaries. It is powerful- ly based on the everlasting prineiples of h{arxism-Leninisrn and proletarian Comrade Elver Esxha and Comratle Il llsien-nien toast to eaeh olher. irterhationalism and has been forged by our two heroic Parties and by our trvo leaders, Comrade Enver Hoxha and Comrade Mao gressor or coalition of aggressors that would dare to Tsetung. And it has been continually tempered in the undertake any foolish adventure against People's China. crucible of fierce class battles building of soclal- for the In the flames of the fierce class struggles during ism in Albania and China, aud in the struggle against this revolution, the Chinese working class, the Chinese U.S.-led imperialism and against modern revisionism People's Liberation Army and all the multi-million headed by the Khrushdrovian reaegade clique of the revolutionary masses of the Chinese people, faithful Soviet Union. On the basis of this great militant friend' right to the end to the great Marxist-Leninist ideas of ship, the close relations and dl-round co-operation be- Chairman Mao Tsetung and putting in practice his great tween our two countries are being ever more developed. strategic plan for the caruying out of the Great Pro- rvith rare heroism The Albanian people, our Party and Government Ietarian Cultural Bevolution, fought are proud of the great foiendship with sueh powerful and self-denial and ultimately smashed the counter- and faithful allies as the ?00-million strong Chinese rerrol,trtionary bourgeois line of renegade Liu Shao-chi. people. their glorious Comrnunist Party and the Peo- The triumph of the Great Proletarian Cultural Rev- ple's Republic of China, qrith whom they have fought olution marked the brilliant victory of the proletarian and rvill always fight shoulder to shoulder in the same revolutionary line of Chairman Mao Tsetung. It reduced barricade, for the defence of the eause of revolution to ashes and dust the hopes entertained by the impe- and socialism, for the triumph of Marxism-Leninism. rialists and the Khrushchovian revisionists to take the The Albanian people' aod th€ir Party of Labour Chinese fortress from within. This is a victory of his- rejoice immeasurably at the magnificent successes toric importance to the destinies of revolution and achieved within only two decades by the Chinese people socialism not only in China, but also on the interna- under the brilliant leadership of the Communist Party tional scale. It constitutes a large contribution to the of China headed by the great leader Ccmrade Mao treasure-house of Marxism-Leninism, to the theory and Tsetung in the eountry's socialist revolution and practice for developing the revolutisn in the conditions socialist construction. of the dictatorship of the proletariat, so as to save and consolidate the dictatorship of the proletariat in the The brilliant vietories won by the Chinese people struggle against those who have been able to occupy Great Proletarian Revolutiorl initiated in the Cultural positions in the state but who have taken the eapitalist and led with genius by Comrade Mao Tsetung hirnself, road. further increased the grandeur and tremendous strength of red China which has become today a great, invincible The Ninth Congtess of the Communist Party of socialist power with a powerful economie potential, witJr China which was held in April this year was a great and a very much advanced science and technology which has remarkahle event in the life of 'the Chinese Communists attained the world's highest level, sng nrith an invin- and people. It was a €ongress of the unity of thought eible defence power, capable of annihilating any ag- and action in the Part;r, whieh drew the balance-sheet

6 Peking Reaiew, No. 50 of the all-round victories achieved during the Great bury modern revisionism through revolutionary strug: Proletarian Cultural Revolution, confirmed the complete gle and restore proletariat. 11i11 the dictatorship of the victory of the revolutionary line of Chairman Mao Tsetung and opened new and still brighter prospects to Comrad.es, our people celebrated in these days with grandeur the Chinese people for the building of socialism and and in an extraordinary atmosphere of joy communism in China. and revolutionary enthusiasm the great jubilee-the 25th anniversary of the liberation of the fatherland and In a robust atmosphere of revolutionary enthusiasm the triumph of the people's revolution in Albania. and mobilization, the Chinese people have set to work to put in practice the grand programme of the Ninth Great and brilliant victories have been achieved by Congress-of the Chinese Communist Party and the very our people during these 25 years since liberation in all fields important instruction of Chairman Mao of "grasping of life. In their struggle and selfless work for revolution, promoting production and other work and the country's socialist construction they have always had unreserved preparedness against war," and wil1, by following the the internationalist aid of the fraternal Chinese people, for which they are grateful them revolutionary principle of independenco to "maintaining for ever. and keeping the initiative in our own hands and rely- ing on our own efforts," reap still greater successes The Albanian people, united as a-lways in a steel- in the future. like t'nity around the Albanian Party of Labour and its Central Coramittee headed by Comrade Enver Hoxha, great good It is a luck for the cause of socialism inspired and mobilized by the very important measures and revolution, for the struggle of the oppressed people that our Party has adopted in recent years for the fur- and nations that there errists today the powerful and ther revolutionization of the entire national lifg will invincible People's Republic of China, the indomitable always march onward on the road of revoiulion and standard-bearer of Marxism-Leninism, the resolute sup- socialism and will reap new and greater victories. porter of the revolutionary struggles for national and Dear comrades of the Chinese delegation! social liberation, the insurmountable obstacle to the f plans of the old-line imperialists headed by the U.S. Your visit to our country is drarving to an end. imperialists, of the new Soviet revisionist imperialists We ask you when you return to your motherland ts and of all reaction in the world. convey to the fraternal Chinese peoplg to the Central Comrades! Committee of the Communist Party oI Chinq to the Government of the Peop1e's Republic of China and per- lhe course of developments in the world shows sonally to the great leader of the Chinese people and that time works for socialism and not for capitalism the most respected friend of the Albanian peoplg Com- and imperislism, for revolution and not for eounter- rade Mao Tsetung, to his close comrade-in-arms, Viee- revolution, for Marxism-Leninism and not for modern Chairman Lin Piao, and to Comradbs Chou En-lai, Chen revisionism. Po-ta, Kang Sheng and to other leading comrades of y'our Party and state, the qrarmest revolutionary greet- At the present time, U.S.-Ied imperialism is being ings and the most profound feelings of the militant corroded by sharp and insoluble contradictions and is friendship of the Albaniap people, heading towards the abyss of the irresistible general of the Central Com- mittee of the Albanian Party of Labour, Gov- crisis which is leading it towards its inevitable total of the i ernment of the People's Republic of Albania and, per- I collapse. The revisionist camp; which is politically, I sonally, of our dear leader Comrade Env-er Hoxha. economieally and militarily ruled by the Soviet revi- sionist cliqug finds itself today in a situation graver On this occasion allow me to drink a toast: than ever, as a result of the disintggration and great to the great unbreakable friendship and the mili- chaos caused by the traitorous policy of the renegade cligues in power. tant unity fofuding our two peoples, our tvro Parties' and our two countries; The Khrushchovian revisionists of the Soviet Union to the heroie 700 million Chinese people and their who have now openly shown themselves up before the glorious Communist Farty; eyes of the peoples as new imperialists and fascist-type aggressors can never establish order in their revisionist to tlre health of tlre great leader of the Chinese empire and appease the hatred of the peoples ihey people and the most respected friend of the Albanian people, dominate despite all their barbarous aggressions or the great Marxist-Leninist Comrade Mao Tsetung; numerous demagogical maneuwes and bankrupt impe- .,interna- .rialist theories about "limited sovereignty,,, to the heatth of the close comrade-in-arms of Com- tional dictatorship," etc rade Mao Tsetung, Vice-Chairman Lin Piao; We have the deep conviction that the people and to the Governrnent of the People's Republic of genuine revolutionaries in these countries will rise and China and to the health of Comrade Chou En-lai;

I December 12, 7989 t l- I

to the health of Comrade Li .Flsier:-nien, Comrade to the health of all those present at this bancluet, Li Teh-sheng and of all the members of the Party and and Government Deiegation of the People's Republic of China; to the triumph of Marxism-L.eninism!

Comrade Li Hsien-nien's SBeech

Dear Comrade Enver Hoxha, everywhere in Albania. The revolutionization rrtove- ment in Albania has provided valuable experience I)ear Comrjacle Haxhi Lleshi, for strengthening the dictatorship of the proletariat and Dear Comrade Mehrlet Shehu, preventing capitalist restoration, and haS made a new contribution Dear Comrades: to the enrichment of Marxism-Leninism. Tcgether with the fraternal Albanian people, we, Upholding proletarian internationalism and defying the Chinese Parl,y and Government Delegation have brute force, the Albanian Party of Labourr and the joyously celebrated ihe 25th anniversary of the libera- Albanian people have waged dauntless and valiant tion of Albania like the Chinese people celebrating a struggles against imperialism headed by the United great festival of their or;rrn. We are deeply moved by the States, modern revisionism with the Soviet revisionist warrl lvetrcome and cordial reception given us by the renegade clique as its centre and all reaction, and Albanian Party, Government and people. Just now, resolutely supported the Marxist-Leninists and revolu- Comrade Mehmet Shehu has spoken in terms of great tionary people of a1l countries in their revolutionar:y cordiality and friendliness in referring to our Party, struggles. With their o$,'n glorious revolutionary prac- country and people and to our great leader Chairnr.an tice, the Albanian Party of Labour and the Albanian pcople Mao. This is a tremendous encouragement to us. In the have made importaat contributions to the inter- name of the Chinese Party and Government Delegation, national communist movement and the revolutionary cause people I express my heartfelt thanks to you. of the of all countries. people greatly fire Chinese Party and Government Delegation The Chinese rejoice at the brilliant had the honour of being cordially received by Comrade achievements scored by the fraternal Albanian people Enver Hoxha, the great leader of the Albanian people and vrholeheartedly wish them still greatcr rrictcrries and the,closest friend of the Chiaese people, and we in their future struggles. were also, cordially received by Cornrade Mehmet Comrades! Shehu. trVe have visited Tirana, Shkodra, and Fieri The Parties, Governments and peoples of China and and met the broad rvorking masses of Albania. We Albania cemented profonnd proletarian have learnt many valuable experiences in Albania. In have long a frtendship by fighting shoulder shoulder and particular, we have seen with our own eyes that Com- to by sup- porting, rade Enver Hoxha is excellent health and this fills learning from and encouraging each other in in great us with immense joy. The eight days we spent in the s-truggle against imperialism and modern revisionism lacheys, great fraternal Albania have left us with an unforgettab).e and their and in the struggle and deep iinplcssion, of the socialist revolution and sociaiist con;tr'-rctlon. The Cortrmunist Party'of China and the Chinese people The 25 post liberation years traversed by the wholeheartedly thank the Albanian Paliy of Labour Albanian people are glorious and great years. Under and the Albanian people for the powerlul suppcrt they the leadership of the Albanian Party of Labour headed have given us in the struggle against U,S. iinperialism by the great }farxist-Leninist Comrade En.rer Hoxha, and Soviet revisi,onism and in China's Gi'eat Proletarian the Albanian people, holding high the red banner of Cultural Revolution. We heartiiy tiraak you for your Marxisrn-Lenini.sm, have upheld the dictato::ship of the extremely $rarm greetings to our Pari5r's }Iinth Niltional proletariat, persevered in taking the road of socialisnr Congress. and, under most diffieult conditions, built their mother- The friendship between the Parties and pe'op1es of land into an advanced socialist countrry by relying on China and PJbania is buiit on the basi.s of Marxism- the pick and the rifle and in the spir-it of sclf-reliance Leninism and proletarian internationalism; is a class ahd arCuous struggle. it frieirdship, a revolutionary friendship and a militant The mass revolutionization movement, led by the friendship. Our friendship has stood the test of tem- Albanian Party of Labour, is uniuterruptedly develep- pestuous waves and storms and is solid and unbreak- ing in aLl spheres of life of the Party and the state. The able. This friendship has produced a far-reaching politicai consciousness of the broad masses of the work- influence on the international communist movement ing peopie is continually heightening and a revoiu- and the rcvolutionary calrse oI the pcopi.e of the vrorld. tionary atnosphere of vigour and vitality prevails Comrade Enver Hoxha has said: "Our people, our

8 50 i Peking Reoiew, No, I i t r. Party and out Go!'ernment are marching along--the sarne ment and the Chinese people w!11 al.,';ays f

Chinese Porty snd Government Delegstion Yisits Albsnio's Mao Tsetung Hvdro-Fower Stotion ftN November 30, the Chinese Party and Goveininent of Labour; Adil Carcani. i\lcmber of the Poiiiical Bureau v Delegation rvith Cornlade Li Hsien-nien as the head of the Party Central Coni:nlttee and Vice-Chairmen of and Comrade Li Teh-sheng as the deputy head visited the Council of l{inisters; Shinasi Dragoti, Minister o{ the construction site of the Vau i Dejes Mao Tsetung Construction; and Reis IVlalile, Vic+-Minister of Foreign Ilydro-Povrer Station in ShkoCra Region, northern Al- Affairs. bania. The delegation ,,vas mcst warmly welecmed by Comrades Prokop l\llurra, First Secretary of the Shkodra The delegation visited the enormous projeets under Regional Committee of the Albanian Party of Labour; construction and then attended a grand meeting lieli in Bilal Paruea, Chairman of the Executive Committee of its honour by the workers. the Shkodra Rdgional People's Council; Emin Mysliu, At the meeting, Comrade Prokop lVlwra, First director of the construction bureau of the siation; Fadil Secretary of the Shkodra Eegional Party Committee, Ymeri, secretary of the Party committee of the con- said: Ttre Communists and the entire working peo- struction site; the workers at the construction site and ple in our Shkodra Region ere greatly honoured and the broad masses of people in the region. very happy that during this jubilee of the glorious The delegation was accompanied by Comrades 25th anniversary of the liberation of our fatherland Hysni Kapo, Member of the Political Bureau and Sec- and of the victory of the people's revolution the Chi- retary of the Central Committee of the Albanian Party nese Party and G.overnment Deiegation led by Comrade

December 72, 7969 I Li Hsien-nien, Member of the Political Bureau of the In conclirsion, Prokop Murra said: We wish the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and fraternal Chinese people new and stil1 greater victoriee Vice-Premier of the State Council :* ss{ssrnqd and dis- in revolution and socialist construction and in the tinguished friends from the great People's China, rep- struggle to shatter the aggfessive designs of imperialism resentatives of the fraternal Chinese people and en- headed by U.S. imperialism, modem revisionism head- voys of the Party and Government of the People's Re- ed by Soviet revisionid and all reaction in the world. public of China has come among us. - Then, Comrade.Li Hsien-nien spoke at the meeting. The presence of the Chinese Party and Government He said: Eor days the fraternal Albanian people have Delegation has made the atmosphere of our festival been enthusiastically celebrating with the feeling of livelier and more joyous. This is because we regard incomparable pride the 25th anniversary of the libera- the great, fraternal Chinese people, the glorious Chinese tion of their fatherland and reviewing their great Communist Party and their g,reat leader, the outstand- achievements in the period. On the happy occasion of ing Marxist-Leninist Chairman Mao Tsetung, as out this grand jubilee, we the Chinese Party and Govern- closest comrades-in-arms, our most esteemed and dlstin- ment Delegation, at the invitation of the Albanian Party guished friends. What links us together is our struggle of Labour headed by Comrade Enver Hoxha and the Al- for the same class interests and against the same banian Government, and sent by Chairman Mao, Vice- enemies, our common objectives and ideals, and the Chairman Lin Piao and the Comrnunist Party of China 'great cause for the victory of Marxism-Leninism and of and the Chinese Government, have come to heroic AI- socialism and communism. bania laden with the profound friendship cherished He said: Our people are proud of the fact that they by the 700 million Chinese people for the Albanian peo- have the great and glorious Chinese people as their ple, and have joyously celebrated this great festival great and ever-faithful friends, their closest brothers, with you. Today, we have come to visit the construc- comrades and comrades-in-arms. Ihe friendship and tion site of your gigantic hydroaower station named all-round relations between our trf,,o countries are a after the great leader of the Chinese people Comrade brilliant example and vivid proof of truly fraternal Mao Tsetung. AII this makes us extremely happy and internationalist ties. we would like to extend you onc€ agarn our warrnest festive greetings. Prokop Mura said: The victory of the Great Pro- letarian Cultural Revolution initiated and led personally At this mass meeting pervaded with proletarian by Chairman Mao Tsetung has shattered the revisionist revolutionary sentiments and militant friendship, please renegade clique of the hidden traitor and scab Liu Shao- allow me to perform first of all a glorious mission: To chi, thereby enabling the People's Republic of China to convey the lofty greetings and cordial regards of the become still more impregnable, to maintain its revolu- great leader of the Chinese people Comrade Mao tionary red colour from generation to generation and Tsetung and his close comrade-in-arms Comrade Lin to be a powerful and indestructible bastion of socialism Piao, and of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese and communism. Government and ttre Chinese people, to the great leader of the Albanian people and close friend of the Chinese The great victory of the Ninth National Congress people Comrade Enver Hoxha, and to the Party of of the Communist Party of China, which is of utmost Labour, the Government and the people of Albania. importance to the fate of mankind, had thoroughly exploded the dreams of the frantic enemies, imperial- Li Hsien-nien said: Twenty-five years ago, the il* and rerzisionism, to restore capitalism in the heroic Albanian people under the correct leadership of People's Repubiic of China. Under the leadership of the glorious Albanian Party of Labour headed by Com- the Communist Party of China and Comrade Mao rade Enver Hoxha, through arduous armed struggle Tsetung, the respected and beloved leader of the Chi- and by relying upon their own efforts. drove away the nese people and the outstanding Marxist-Leninist, the Italian-German fascist occupationists, liberated their power peo- Chinese people always marctr proudly in big strides fatherland, and established the state of the tow,ards nerv r.'ictories. Our people and all the revolu- ple. Since then, an entirely new page has been opened tionary people and freedom-loving people of the world in the history of Albania. have congratulated and are congratulating the Peo- In these 25 years, the Albanian people have been ple's Republie of China with great happiness and heart- courageously advancing in giant strides on the road of ily on its victsries, and they regard these victories as sssialism and have traversed a brilliant eourse. Ia their owrr. short, these'are 25 revolutionary, militant and victorious years. He said: Like other people throughout the country, the v'orking people of Shkodra Region will always be The Albanian people with pick in one hand and gTateful to the Chinese people, the Communist party rifle in the other, besieged ring upon ring by imperial- of China and Comrade Mao Tsetung for their powerful ism and moder"n revisionism" have persevered in the dic- support of real internationalisrn and their selfless as- tatorship of the proletariat, suppressed the resistanee sistance to our country. of the overthrown class enemies, smashed the armed

7{) Peking Reoiew, No. 50

tl t- provocations and subversive plots against Albania Li Hsien-nien said: In the past 20 years, the Chl- carried out by imperialisrr and modern revisionism and nese people, under the leadership of Chairman Mao and their lackeys, safeguarded the independence and sov- the Communist Party ol China, have crushec{ the sab ereigntSr of the eountr5r, defended the fruits of social- otage and trouble-making by imperialism and modern ism, and won one tremendous victory after another. rewisionism and their lackeys as well as the elass enemies at horne and have scored great victories in the He said: The Albanian Party of Iabour and the socialist revolution and socialist Albanian people give prominence proletarian politics, eonstruetion, thus en- to abling our countiy to persist in revolutionization, and are become an entirely new socialist carrying forward country with initial prosperity. socialist revolution in depth in d,l spheres. The series of revolutionary measures adopted by the Albanian The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution initiated Party of Labour have given great impetus to the revo- and led personally by Chairman Mao, and with the rev- lutionization in every sphere of the state life, raised olutionary masses taking part in their hundreds of the political eonsciousness of the working people and millions, has completely shattered the bourgeois head- brought about a revolutionary scene of vitality and quarters headed by the renegade, hidden traitor and prosperity everywhere in Albania. The revolutioniza- scab Liu Shao-chi and smashed their plot to restore tion movement in Albania is of important significance capitalism. The Party's Ninth National Congress which for consolidating the dictatorship of the proletariat and has a far-reaching influence in the history of our Party preventing capitalist restoration. was convened at a time when great victory had been t u'on in the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. At Holding high the great banner of Marxism-Lenin- present, the people of all nationalities of our country ism and proletarian internationalism, Albanian the are holding aloft the banner of unity and victory of the Party of Labour and the Albanian people have waged Ninth Party Congress, rallying more closely arotrnd courageous and undaunted struggles against imperial- the Party Central Committee with Chairman Mao as ism headed by the United States, modern revisionism the head and Vice-Chairman Lin as the deputy head with the Soviet revisionist renegade cUque as its cen- and exerting themselves to struggle for the fulfitment tre and the reactionaries of various countries, and have of all the fighting tasks set forth by the Ninth Party made outstanding contributions to defending Marxism- Congress. In the light oI Chairman Mao's great strate- Leninism and supporting the revolutionary struggles gic policy'Be prepared against war, be prepared against of the peoples of various eountries. The revolutionary natural disasters, and do everything for the people,', a spirit of advancing bravely and defying brute force as new high tide of grasping revolution and promoting pro- displayed by the Albanian Party of tabour and the duction and other work and preparedness against war, Albanian people in struggle has set an example from going all out, aiming high and achieving greater, faster, which the Marxist-Leninists throughout the world and better and more economical results in building social- the revo,hrtionary people of all eountries should learn. ism is now rising. Today, the dietatorship of the pro- letariat in our country is more consolidatedT our fro- All the victories won by the people Albanian are tional defence capability is mightier than befsre and great vietories for the revolutionary line of the AIba- the people of all natiqnalities are more united. A seeth- nian Party of Labour headed by the great Marxist- ing and vigorous thriving Ecene prevails everywhere in Leninist Comrade Enver Hoxha. The Albanian party our country. of Labour bas creativell applied the universal truth Speaking about the international situation, Li Hsien- of Marxism-Leninism to the eoncrete practice of the nien said: The present international situation is ex- Albanian reyolutioa and has enriched Marxism-Lenin- cellent. fire revolutionary struggle of the people of ism. lhe revolutionary practiee years of 25 in Albania various eounJries is developing vigorously and the proves that given strong Marxist-Leninist political a Marxist-Leninist forces the world over are steadily Party. proletarian revolutionary a line-and the bring- grorving in strength. The flames of the people's revo- ing into ful} play of initiative the and creativeness of the lutionary struggle are raging in Asia, Africa and Latin broad masses, a nation, big or small, can march from vic- America. The people's revolutionary movement is rising tory to victory and make important contributions to wave upon wave in Wast Europe, North America and the revolutionary cause of the world people. Oceania. The revolutionary storms in the five eon- pounding The great leader of the Albanian people Comrade tiients are the reactionary rule of U.S. im- t perialisno Enver Hoxha has said: "The indomitabte Albanian peo- and social-imperialism and their lackeys. The ple, with a high xevolutionaty spirit, holding still more day of their burial is not far off. tightlSr in their strong. hands the pick and rifLe, I the are U.S. irnperialism and Soviet revisionist social- fulfilling all the tasks better than ever.', The Chinese imperialism are beset rvith difficulties at home and I people are deeply convinced that the Albanian people abroad and at the end of thejr tether. They are collud- I will surely more brilliant successes on the broad ing and at the sanr.e tirne contending with each other I ',r,in I road of socialist revolution and socialist construction in a vain attempt to suppress the revolutionary move- and this great beacon of socialism in Europe will surely ment of the people of various eountries, dominate and I continue to radiate its brilliant }ight. redivide the world. U.S. imperialism is exerting its

Decernber 12, 1969 11

L I i

I I t_ utmost to prolong and strengthen its rvar: of aggr.ession trational saivation through to the end; resolutely sup- in Viet Nam, refusing to v.zithdraw its aggressor trtrops, port the Laotian people's just struggle to oppose invasion vaini;r attempting to perpetuate its occupation of south of Laos by U.S. imperialism and the Thailand reaction- ,Viet Neim and intensifying its acts of aggression in Lacs. aries; and resolutely support the Perlestinian people a"nd Gairging up with Japanese reaction, U.S. impelialisn the people of other Arab countries in their just struggle is stepping up the revival cf Japanese militarism aird against U.S. imperialism and Zionism. The practice of turriing it into a gendarme in the U.S. imperialist ag- struggle of the peoples of various countries proves that gression in As!a. Proceeding from their o\*,'n aims, If.S. both U.S. imperialisrn and social-imper.ialism are paper imperialism and social-imperialisrn ere resoriing to tigers which are outrr,'ardly strong but inr.rardly brittle. ti*rats and bribery, cieceit and splitting activities in They are not so terrific. Let us the two peoples of China relation to the Arab countries, in a futile attempt tc and Albania hold still higher the great revolutionary force the Palestiirian people and other Arab people to banner against imperiaiism and revisionism and unite give up their armed struggle against Israel. Ssr.riet 'with all the oppressed people. and oppressed nations revisionist social-irnp,erialism is working overiime in the r,l,orld over to fcrr,.r a broad united front against U.S. ,.European pl:tting the convocation of a so-calied imperialism and social-imperiaiism and wage a common sec-nlii.r-* conference" in a vain attempt to further struggle to bury completely imperialism, revisionisrn divide the spheres of influence with U.S. iraperialism, and reaction and build a new wor-ld vzithout imperial- cotrtrol and enslave East Europe and consolidate its ism, '",t ithout capitalism and without the sys{6m of ex- colonial rrile. Moreover, it has taken the interests ploitaticn ! of the German people as chips in making bargains rvith U.S. imperialism and West Gerrnan miii- In conclusion, Li Hsien-nien said: The fighting friendship tarisn,. The talks on so-called "limitation of strategic and revolutionary unity betw,een the two Parties nuciear lveapons" betrveen the United States and the and two peoples of China and Albania have been forged personally Soviet Union are a big scheme in which they contend by Chairman Mao, the great leader and at the same time collude with each other in a vain of the Chinese peopLe, and by Comrade Enver Hoxha, great attempt to maintain their nuclear the leader of the Albanian people. This friendship bankrupt monopoly great and continue their nuclear threats against the people of is a friendship based on Marxism*Leninism. the 'worid. In the course.of its collusion and contention Chairman Mao has said: "The revolutionary friendship wil.h I-1.S. irnperialism, Soviet revisionist social-impetial- between the feoples of China and Albania has stood ism is now futiiely trying to set up an anti-China ring the test of fierce international class struggles. The power generateil of encircleinent in Asia and ev-en openly conducting by this friendship is inexhaustible and nuclear bLackmail against China. truly invihcible." Comrade Enver Hoxha has said: (The Albanian people and the Chinese people have ' trmpefialism means: war. In face of the frantie never been so near one another heart and soul as they aetivities of U.S. imperialism and social-imperialism in aie today." We must protect this revolutionary friend- arms expansion and war preparations, the people of the ship and fighting unity as we protect the apple of our worid must unite and oppose the war of aggression own eye. The Chinese people will always resoLutely launched by any imperialism or social-imperialisrh, support the Albanian people in their struggle against especially one rin which atom bombs are used ,as imperialism and revisionism and pledge themselve! to weapons. If such a war breaks out, the people of the provide a powerful backing for the Albanian people. wor'ld"should use revolutionary war to eliminate the We ruill alwa;rs be united, u,ill always fight together war of aggression, and preparaiions should be made and be victorious together. right norv! Ttre People's Republic of China has aII along stood for adherence to the Five Prineiples of Peaceful After his speech, Comrade Li Hsien-nien presented banner Coexistence among countries. Oui stand is just what a silk to the construction site on behalf of the Chinese Chairman Mao has taught us: 'Tye ryilI not attack un- Party and Government Delegation. On the banner less we are attacked; if we are attacked, lve will certain: were iiseribed both in Chinese and Albanian ly eounter-attack." If U.S. imperialism and social-im- "Long live the greai Sino-Albanian friendship forged personally Comrade Comrade ireriaiism dare to irnpose \,l'ar on us, then the ?00 million by l\{ao Tsetung and Envcr Hoxha!" Chinr:se people who have been tempered in the Gr.eat Proletarian Ctilturil Revolution and arnred r:i'ith Marx- The speeches of Comrade Prokop Murra and Com- ism-Lenini*"m-Mao Tsetung Thought will certainly be rade Li Hsien-nien were frequently interrupted by prb- able to r.r'ipe out resolutely, thoroughly, wholly and com- longed applause and cheers. The meeting was per- pletell' all aggressors who dare to invade our land. meated rvith the revolutionary friendship and militant The People's Republic of China and the people's unity between the two Parties and two peoples of China and Albania. Republic-of Albania have always r.esolutely opposed imperialism, modern revisionism and aII reaction and That afternoon, the Chinese Party and Government have always resolutely supporteri the revolutionary Delegation was honoured at a banquet given in Shkodra str-uggie of the peopl.es the r,vorld over. Our trvo coun- city by the Shkodra Regional Committee of the Alba- tties rcsoltitely support the heroic Vietnamese pcople nian Part;r of Labour and the Executive Committee of in carrying therwar against U.S. aggression and for the Shkodra Regional People's Council.

12 Peking Rersi,etu, IIo. 50 Moo Tsetung Thougfut ls the Source Of Strength

- How Shcnsi's Tochoi Brigcde reoped eight successive ercellent hqryests

TNSPIRED by Chairman Mao's great call "Unite to Trvice in these yeans, the renegade, hidden traitor r rvin still greater victories," the poor and lower-middle and scab Liu Shao-chi brought disturbances to Tachai peasants and other commune members of the Tachai in order to restore capitalisn- Ite first occurred during Brigade in the Tachai Commung Hsiyang Countg the temporary difficult period of the three consecutive Shansi Province, have further displayed the revolution- years caused by serious natural dlsasters w-hen Liu Shao- ary spirit of self-reliance and hard struggle, and thus chi took advantage of this opporfunity to stir up the reaped another bumper harvest this year. Although the evil wind of son zi, gi boo (the extensioa of plots for grain crops were hit by an early frost at the beginning private use and of free markets, the increase of small of October and later by strong winds, average per-fitu enterprises with sole responsibilit5r for their orrn profits yield stili reached more than g4O jin. Thus, since 1962 and losses, the fixing of output quotas based on the the Tachai Brigade has maintained a high per-rnu yield household). For a time, the unreformed landlords, rich of over 700 ittl in grain production for eight years peasants, counter-revolutionaries, bad elements and the running. The average yield for these eight years is 813 Rightists in the society all came out in the open. These jin per mu. scoundrels tried in every way to corrupt the Tachai commune members through capitalist ideas and at the Tachai's land is still dry farmland. What did the same time concentrated their attacks against the Tachai Tachai people depend on in winning eight successive Brigade and its Party branch. They looked upon the good harvests on dry land? brigade as a stumbling block to their attempt to restore capitalism. second took place 1964 and Do they depend on grou'ing more of such high- fire in late early 1965 when yielding crops as maize? No! In the last few years, the arch renegade Liu Shao-chi, in the guise launching t'four clean=ups" mcvement the area sown to maize began decreasing. However, the of the wildly pushed the bourgeois reactionary line r,vas area sown to wheat has on the contrary increased con- ',r,hieh in form but Right in essencq and mercilessl5z siderably and that to millet has gone up since 1966. "Left" attaeked the brigade's cadres and poor and lower- middle peasants. Do they clepentt on dressing more chemical fertili- . zer? Again, they dont The Tachai Brigade hag always Tachai was hit by three serious natural clisasters primarily barnyard manure shottld be used held that during these eight years. The first happened in the cultivating thd tand so that can constantly improve in it first halll of August 1963 when heavy dou,npours. which the Therefore, the quantity of chemical feftihzer soil. were followed by mountain floods, lasted a lveek. As Tachai years used.by the Brigade in the last few has a result, scores of the more than one hundred big stone basically been maintained at the 1961 level, and for dams built by Tachai's corrmune members over the the five of the eight years since 1962 the quantity of previous ten years or so were washed away; of its 800 fertilizer used annually was less than that in 1g61. m.u of cultivated land more than 130 ?nu w'ere ruined While the brigade further improved its record in grain and more than 40 rnil were covered by silt. OI the output this year, the quantity of fertilizer used rvas brigade's 145 caves, 113 collapsed and 77 ot tJne 125 only the average guantity used by the whole commune. houses caved in. A natural disaster of this kind r+-as infrequent in Tachai's history. The second took place Did successes depend on tranquil. atmosphere or on in the autumn of 1965 and the first half of 1966. Tachai seasonable weather all these eight years? Even more suffers drought nine years out of ten. Ordinary so, this was not the case. In the eight years the brigade drought is nothing to Tachai. But this time it suJ- stood the tests of trvo siorms. One was the great storm fered an exceptionally long spell. Ttre third came of class struggle, the other exceptionally serious na- on July 6 last year when a haiistorra lasting more tural disasters. than a quarter of an hour descended upon Techai.

December 12, 7969 I3 -l

The big hailstones u,ere about the size oT rvalnuts. The conqintrated in July and August. Ttris often resulted result was that what were promising crops suddenly in drought. The other rvas that despite this inadequate became leafless and their stalks broken. ?he millet rainfall, the moisture requirements of the crops might vyas even more seriously damaged. Yery {ew were left be met if water could be retained in the soil. So the standing upright in the fields, Such a serious hail- Tachai people took a firm hold on the work of keeping storm was a rarity in the history of Tachai. u'ater in the soil before they set up the water conser- vancy system. More than half of their manpower had The Tachai Brigade's poor and lou,er-middle peas- been used every year to transform the siopes into ants and cadres said that Tachai had relied on invincible terraced fieids. They built ridges round the plots and Mao Tsetung Thought in maintaining high farm yields the fields were deep-ploughed and dressed with barn- for eight years running during the fi.erce struggle yard manure. SoiI clotting increased more than doubled between the two classes, the two roads and the two rvhen the land was cultivated more than a foot deep, lines and when it was hit by serious natural disasters. instead of four to five inehes, thus turning the land They said that with Mao Tsetung Thought, they into a "spongy field." This helped retain more moisture could, first of all, hold to a firm and correct political in the soil and put an end to ordinary drought through orientation. When the arch renegade Liu Shao-chi set rnaking full use of the existing rainfall. off the evil trend of san zi, gi bto in 1962, the Tachai The Tachai people added that, thirdly, rvith Mao Brigade's Party branch steadfastly led the poor and Tsetung Thought they dared struggle against the lower-rniddle peasants in studying and applying Mao to worst struggle well and win victory. Tsetung Thought in a living way and waging a tit-for- natural disaster, tat struggle against the evil trend. As a result, the ltrhen in 1963 they were confronted by the worst local Tachai cadres and comrnune members enormously raised flood, should they have resigned themselves tO extinc- their consciousness of class struggle and the struggle tion or should they have stood up and fought it? Were they to ask for state relief or rely on their own efforts? between the two lines in the great storms of class struggle. They united more closely and marched for- Under the most diJficult conditions, the Tachai Brigade's ward u,ith big strides along Chairman Mao's revolu- Party branch which is armed with Mao Tsetung Thought tionary line. It was precisely in that year that Tachai,s saw the most. positive factor, the existence of the peo- per-m:u yield o{ grain shot up to 774 iiir, {rom its ple, who, when are armed with Mao Tsetung Thought, former five to six hundred iin yeld. can overrcorne everX/ diffier.llty. So they chose th.e road of battling the flood, the road of self-reliance. As a Likewise, in the "four clan-ups', movement, the result, they did not ask for a single yuan of state relief. Tachai cadres and poor and lower-middle peasants Tlrey kept to a pevmu grain output of more than 700 relied on invincible Mao Tsetung Thought to defeat jin and still delivered and sold 240,000 iin of grain to Liu Shao-ehi's bourgeois reaetionary liae. the state. The Tachai people said that, secondly, with Mao They said that, fourthly, with Mao Tsetung Thought Tsetung Thought they cnrrld see the positive factors they eould clearly see that all things have a dual which could be brought into play though they were character, and therefore they eould turn a bad thing confronted by unfavourable conditions an{ by making use of the positive factors, they could surmount the dilficulties arising from unfavourable con- ditions. For €xirmple, Tachai suffered drought nine years out of ten. This objective condition could never be changed until a 'water conservancy system was set up. Using Chairr'nan Mao's teaching on materialist dialectics, the method of divid- ing one into two, to look at this problem, the Tachai Brigade's Party branch and the poor and lower-middle peasants worked out methods to conquer drought under the existing natural con- diti.ons. They viewed the problerr from two aspects. One was that The Tachai people give ffrst place to the living annual precipitaiion was only study and appllcaflon of Moo Tsetung Thought in all work and have thus realrcd bumlrer harvests for eighl 500 600 to millimetres and was years running. Photo shorvs them studying Chairman Mao,s works.

14 Peking Reuieto, IVo, 50 %t': :':

to good aecount. Naturally, it was bad that an Lmusuaily h*ndred members is virtually identical. Why liave tft r,{ heavy hailstorm damaged their crops in 1968. Yet this Tachai commune members achieved so much? Is It made the cadres and the poor and lower-middle peasants because the Tachai eadres are especially rigid about ponder this problem from the positive side: Since inierfering in their affairs? The Taehai cadres replied heavy or light hail was common in the summer, what that there were only seven Party branch members and method should they use to cope with it? After sum- so they eould not and should not interfere in many ming up their experience, they found that their farming of the conc,rete rnatters of the commune members. The system was'defective; becar.rse they grew one cro,p a main reason for their achievernents is that for a iong year, they eould not avoid losses caused by hail. They time the Party branch has taken firm hold of the rev- eoncluded that, although the hailstorm which ravaged ohrtionization of ihe people's thinking. By revolutioniz- their crops was a bad thing, it was a good thing for ing people's thinking, we mean arming the broad rnasses it destroyed the conservative idea of clinging to a long- with Mao Tsetung thought. When this work is firmly standing farming system. Experiments in changing this grasped, eaeh eommune member wiil understand that s5zstem have been made step by step. In autumn last he farms not merely to reap more grain for himself year the Tachai people expanded. the area sown to as in the past, but for the revelution and to win honour wheat and, following this year's wheat harvest, they for Chairrnan Mao. So all of them do everything with raised a millet crop in the same fields. As a result, a political eonseiousness and therefore do it in real they reaped 450 jin of miliet in addition to 420 itn at eartrest. wheat per nxu. This totalled. 87A jin per nxu. Thus, In the }ast eight years, the Tachai Brigade has eon- they have maintained high yields while imprbving the stantly maintained a high leuel of grain produetion no quality of the grain grown and faeilitating rotation. matter rvhat happened. But for the Tachai cadres and Furthermorq they were able onslaughts by to avert poor and lorver-middle peasantq a bumper harvest in hail as a result of properly timing their sowing. Even the sphere of ideological revolutionization is even more if a loss results from hail, is as great as when it not important and valuable than a bunper grain harvest. a single crop used to be grown. Through the experience gained in these eight years, they Ihe Tachai people eoncluded that, fifthly, with have more deeply understood the immeasurable power Mao Tsetung Thought they could do a good job in rev- of Mao Tsetung Thought. Therefore, they have still olutionizing their thinking and truly put aII kinds of more conseiously studied and applied Mao Tsetung measures for increasing production into practice. The Thought in a living way. They said that from now Taehai Brigade conscientiously carried out these meas- on they would make even greater efforts to study and ures and constantly perfected them in the process. firus apply Chairman Maoos works in a living way and to there is not a single plot in the brigade that yields a remould their world outlook so that they would achieve poor harrrest. The crops are growing sturdily on still greater successes in both revolution and produe- every one of the more than a thousand plots tion as an expression oI their best wishes to the great and the qualif of work by every one of the Ieader Chairman Mao.

Diolectics in Building o I0,000-Ton Freighter by a workers' philosophy study group in Tientsin Hsinkang Shipyard

THE broad masses of tle revolutionary workers in the Communist Party, as long as there are people, r our Tientsin Hsinkang Shipyard, inspired by the every kind of miracle can be performed." spirit of the Ninth Party Congr""r, h"-ru-been study- Ihe usual practiee in the building of a ship is to ing and applying Chairman Mao,s philosophical think- use a dock whose size coresponds to that of the ship ing in a living way and displaying the undaunted pro- under eonstruetion. Our shipyard has only a 5,000- letarian revolutionary spirit. Ttrey have thus succeed.- ton dock. firis being the case, was it possible to build ed in building a 10,000-ton freighter on a 5,000-ton a 10,000-ton freighter there? dock, and successfully launched it on the eve of the ' rThat 20th anniversary of the founding of the People'S ff.e- Some shook their heads and said: would be public of China. adventurous." I The birth of this freighter has oncre again pr"oved Others ridiculed: "That would be reckless!" n'authorities" the incontrovertible truth: "Of aII '\irrgs in the world, The bourgeois "experts" and who eogld people are the most preeious. Under the leadership of not car"ry on without the aid of foreign literature con-

December 12, 7969 IJ sidered the building of such a big freighter on this dock the objective material conditions are as follolvs,: The inconceivable. "effective" length of the dock for a 5,000-ton vcssel is : But ,the revolutionary shipbuilders said firmly: 117 metres, its "effective" breadth 17 metres, and its t5\Mith inr.ineible Mao Tsetung Thought, we can certain- "effective" load 2,400 tons. The length of ihe 10,000- Iy build a 10,000-ton freighter on. the'b,000-ton dock!', ton freighter is at least 140 metres, its breadth more than 18 metres and its hull over 3,000 tons. How could lVhatever we do, we must base oursek es on the these contradictions be solved? Although the hull was existing objective conditions. Shipbuilding is no ex- too long, at most this meant that the stem would ex- ception. But materi.al is a dead thing while men are tend beyond the dock and the stern into the water; al- living beings, Once we grasp Chairman Mao's teach- though the hull was too wide, at most we would face ing trn materialist dialectics and give full play to man's some ineonvenience in our work. These problems rvere subjective initiativg we can create condirions not cur- not impossible to tackle! But the weight of the 10,000- rently in existence. As our great leader Chairman Mao ton freighter which exceeds the load of the dock by has pointed out: "No one should go ofl into wilil almost 1,000 tons was the key problem which had to flights of fancy, or make plans unwarranted by ths be solved. Without its solution, it would be useless to objective situation, or insist on attempring the impos- talk about building a 10,000-ton freighter. sihle. The problem today is that Eightist conservatism Chairmau Mao has tarrght us: t'Freedom rrreaus is still causing trouble in many fields and preventing the recogpition of necessity and the transformation of the work in these fields from keeping pace with the the objective w'orld." In order to soh'e the problem development of the objeetive situation . The present of overload, first of all we made a scientific analysis of problem is that many people consider impossible things the dock. As the weight of the hull increases, so does which could be done if they exerted themselves." Those the pressure, proportionately, on the dock. To solve who thought it impossible to build such a freighter on this, the pressure on the dock can be dispersed by add- such a dock actually saw only things but not human ing blocks to support the htrll. Take the example of beings; they sa'*, only the prevailing conditions but not an awl which is dropped. If its point is down',vard, it the developing ones. This view is coatrary to material- will prick a hole in the ground and stick in. But if ist dialectics. the handle faces downv,,ard, it rvill not stick into the ground although the weight of the awl is the same. , The revolutionary cause of socialism requires con- That is to say, the smalier the area of contact, the struciion of 10,000-ton freighters. is our bounden It greater the pressure, and vice versa. According to revolutir.rnary duty to develop the shipbuiiding indus- this principle, we changed the condition of the bearing try and construct a large number of ships in order to pressure on the dock. After careful measurements and build a porrerful maritime transport and fighting fcrce calculations, we placed more rvood-blocks on the dock in the coming years. Horvever, over a long peri.od of to increase the area of contact. To guarantee no distor- time, the renegadg hidden traitor and scab Liu Shao- tion of the dock, we poured in cement by high pressure chi frenziedly opposed Chairman Maols proletarian rel"- in the heavy Joad area of the dock to reinforce its olutionary line and spread his slavish compradr,rr phi- foundation. Practice proved that so long as we followed losophy ahd the doctrine sf trailing behind at a snail,S Chairman Mao's teachings, the dock would conform to pace embodied in statements such as "building ships is our needs. Provided that man's subjective initiative not as good a.s buying them; buying ships is not ,as given play, objective conditions can be changed. good as chartering them." Ttris was an attempt to bind is full us members of the working class harid and foot and to To build a 10,000-ton cargo ship on a 5,000-ton let the iniperialists and the modern revisionists lead us dock, we had to design it according to the charac- by the nose. During the Great Proletarian Cultural teristics of the dock Large equiprnent was needed Revolution, we conscientiously studied Chairman Mao's which we did not have. Nor were any blueprints on grcat concept of "maintaining independence and keep- hand. Ttrese seemed to be unfavourable factors rvhich ing the iiritiative in our own hands and relying on our put us in a passive positi.on. But "tho inferior side can own efforts." With blazing indignation we relentle.

Decembet 72, 1969 l

Ghost of Confucius' Shop snd Actuol Clsss Struggre

by Chi Fan-hsiu

IIONFUCIUS lived more than 2,000 years ago and preme "cJassies" and used the "doetrine of Confucius U ,up."t"oted the reactionary political and cultural and Mencius" as the spiritual yoke to enslave the ideology of the declining slave-owner dass and the Iabouring people. feudal landlord During May 4th Move- class. the The May 4th lVlovement in 1919 raised the slogan ment whieh marked passage oI the Chinese the "Down with Confucius' Shop,"** powerfully expoeed bourgeois democratie revolution to the stage of the and criticized the reactionary ideology of Confucius, Coufucius and the new-demoeratic revolution, both thereby shattering the 2,000-year-old fetish of ideology represented him were dealt a severe blow, by Confueius. This marked a leap forward in the history but the ghost oi the Confucius Shop+ never vanished of Chinese thought. From then on, in the decades past years. During these five decades during the 50 starting from China's new-democratic revolution down utmost to pro- all the exploiting classes first did tJreir to the period of socialist revolution, the revolutionary tect the Confucius Shop. Later they sang elegies for people under the leadership of the proletariat have striving about resurection. A review it, to bring its arrayed themselves in battlg contiuuously and heroi- struggle around this question, attempts to revive of the cally attacking both imperialist and feudal cultures. it and couater-attacks to such attempts, may help us They have persisted in the struggle to "overthrow the 'get deep understanding the actual class struggle a ol Confucius Shop." Bqt a1l the exploitiag dasses and the protracted, eomplex nature of the class strug- ,and their representatives have never ceased unleashing ideoiogical field. rgle in the wild counter-attacks. They stubbornly defended the t Confucius Shop and tried hard to summon its departed , Ihe Deported Spirlt of Confueius' Shop. Lingers On spirit. I Confuciug a native of Chufu in Shantung Prov- On the eve of the May 4th Hlovement, when the nnoverthrowing iince, lived from 551 B.C- to 4?9 B.C. cluring the last tide of the Confucius Shop" was sweep- years of China's Spring and Autumn Period. He was ing the whole country and its fate was in grave clanger, born in a declining arisiocratic family of slave-orvners. the Protect-theEmperor Part;r and feudal remnants, lAt first he performed rites at funeral services for the represented by Kang Yu-wei and Lin Chin-nan, emerg- aristocrats, probably as a musician. Later, he became ed and howled far and wide, slanderously attacklng . t'worship a petty official in the State of Lu in charge of provi- the new cultural movement and advocating sions and @ttle, sheep and livestock-breeding, and then of the emperor" and "worship of Confucius." Kang ia high official responsible for the administering of Yu-wei, an advocate of the reform movement in 1898 eriminal law. An ardent champion of China's ancient and later a chieftain of the counter-revolutionary fac- slave s5rstem and faithful spokesman of the slave- tion of royalists, openly appealed to the then Northerrr owner class, he was not reconciled to the decline of Warlords government to incorporate in the "constitu- the slave system and deeply yearned for the Shang tion" a provision designating Confucianism as the and Chou D5masties, the prime period of the slave "state religion," in an attempt to make the Confucius system. Eoth his philosophical and political thinking Shop a dead rveight on the Chinese people for ever. were reactionary, suppcrting the slave system. After During the May 4th Movement, Hu Shih, a repre- his deatlr, his succssor Mencius further developed the sentative of the Right wing of the bourgeois intellec- reactionary Confucian thinking which has become tuals, at first clared not utter a word of opposition known as the "doctrine of Confucius and Mencius." In rvhen the revolutionary masses were pounding the the protraeted development of the Chinese feudal so- eiety, this doctrine gradually became the ruling ideology *Itre Confucius Shop is a term used to deseribe Con- of the iandlord c1ass, an ideology that defended the fireiw and the reactionary political and eulhrral id€ology he represented. feudal erploiting system. Feudal emperors and kings ** "Down with Confucius' Shop" rreans breaking dorvn of all the past dynasties, without exeeption, extolled the worship of Confueius and eriticizing Confucius anel the Confucius as the "sage," praised his wotks as the su- reaetionary ideology he repr.esented.

I8 Peking Review, I$o. 50

i t- Confucius Shop. However, as the revolutionary move- Shop in :the past 50 years? l{hy cor*}d this mummy naent developed in depth, his reacti,onary stand of hos- attract a bateh of flies hurrming around it? tiiity to the workers and peasants and defence of the imperialist and feudal crrltures was increasingly laid The reactionar5r "back to the ancients't ideology of the fallen slave-owner bare. Soon he betrayed the slogan "Dowtx with Con- class represented by Confucius meets needs fucius' Shopf' which he once supported and re-raised the of all reactionary elasses. The su- preme goal its tattered banner. IIe projected the ruse .,Study for which Confucius worked all his life was the restoration of the rule system more problems; talk Iess about isrn.', Under the guise and of hierarchy which flourished at the heyday of s1avery. He ilid his of "studying problems," he tried to thwart the spread utmost to defend the old order and oppose any kind of of Marxism in China. He also put forrvard the reac- social reform. The arch traitor Yuan Shih-kai usurp- filonary slogan and eompile China,s classics," "Study ed the fruit of victory of China's Revolution of tr911 calling upon t}le people pore to into the classics of in the very year and dreamt of restoring the days prostrate feudal culture and then*selves before the when all po$/er was vested in the emperor under ghost of Confucir.ls, a feudal monarchy. IIe restaged the farce of going on a ."pi1grimage" to Chufu in order to seek justification All the politieal representatives of the big land- from Confueius for hfu "back to the ancients" ambition lords, the big compradors and the big bourgeoisie to ascend the emperot's throne. Chiang Kai-shek spared no efforts to re!.ive the Confucius which - Shop also sought the help of the reactionary to they took as their tool public "back to moutd opinion in the ancients" ideology of Conlucius to establish his favcur the of consolidation of their reactionary ru1e, reactionary rule of fascist dictatorship. He used the Chiang Kai-shek, the arch enemy of the people, en- Confueian thinking of "great unificatioo" to serve his gaged in a series of counter-revolutionary activities to aetual counter-revolutionarSr "great unification" in the revive the Confucius Shop to consolidate his fascist "great cause of national construction." The leudal rule, Imitating an act of the past feudal rulers, he theories of "great unification" nnd "the ruler is en- we:tt on a "pilgrimage" to Chufu and frantically dowed with power from heaven " were taken as the shouted: "Protection of the Confucian Temple is reactionary theoretical basis for hic actual fascist fundamental in uprooting communism!" Later he ad,- dictatorship. At the same timq by reviving the vocated the alleged traditional morality of the Chinese aneient "doctrine of Confucius and Menciu.s,', he nation such as "propriety, righteousness, modesty and plotted to eounter and weaken the tremendous a sense of shamg" and actively pushed the so-called influence of oommunist ideology in China and "New Life Movement " IIe also made great efforts to establish his fascist type of thought control. Liu Shao- introduce a system of eduetion urhictl would lead the ehi, the long-standing counter-revolutionarSr hidden in people back to the ancients, iucluding the ,,worship of our Party, scraped some trash from the reaetionar.y Confucius" aad the ''study ef the Coafucian canorr.,' Confucian dump of "back to the ancients" and blended Chiang Kai{hek and his gang also flared such state. it in his sinister book Self-Cattioatiwt, His vicious ments as 'the success of the great cause of national design was to induce our Party to abandon the pro- €snstruction rests trpon reviving Confucianisrn-,, They Ietariaa revolution and the dictatorship of the prole. extoUed the C,onfuciu.s Shop to the heavens. tariat so that the reactionary nrle of tbe big landlords and big bourgeoisie could be restored. ,: Nor was the renegadg hidden traitor and scab tiu Shao-chi alr eiceptiorr- Having betrayed the revolu- The class nature of thme political representatives tion, he was aHe to crawl out of a warlord prison in of the modern decadent and reactionary classes and 1925. Grasping Thz Faur Books, the epitome of the that oI the decadent slave.owners represented by Con- doctrine of Confucius and Mencius, whieh had been fucius is identical. They utilized the threadbare "doc- bestowed on him by a reaetionary warlord, he later trine of Confucius and Mencius" as their weapon to defend reaetionary rule and restore their lqst began his shameless life of hawking the trash of the "par&-; dise." As Marx pointed out, they used yesterday's bam Confucius Shop to create public opinion for a counter- acts to defend toda/s basc aets and "anxiously eonjuro revolutionary come-back. Not only did he ceaselessly up the spirits of the past to their servico and borrow publicize this doctrinq but he too copied the trick of from them names, batfle cries and costumes in order the arch enemy of the people, Chiang Kai-shek, and to present the new sceno of world history in this time- made a "pilgrimagd' to Chufu in 1gbl. Intoning as honoured ilisguise and this borrowed languago." did the feudal emperorsi, kings, warlords and bureau- crats, he declared that "Confucius is the sage.,, A11 reactionary classes invariably do their utmos to negate or cover up the ever sbarpening elass con- Using Yesterdoy's Bose Acts to Defend Todoy,s tradictions. Like Confucius, his followers spare no Bqse. AcS efforts to advocate such shibboleths as "loyalty to superiors and consideration for others," "return good Confucius died more than 2,0fi) yeam ago. Why for evil," and "do not do to others what you do not were the representativm of all the exploiting classes want others to do to you." T1reir aim is to make the so enthusiastie in praising and reviving the Confucius oppressed classes endure oppresioa and enslavement by Decernber 72,1969 If '

the exploiting classes, and not to struggle or resist. youag people into ycung "antiques" rvhieh u,'ould be This slavi.sh philosophy undisguisedly propagates the of use to themselves. Chiang I(ai-shek shouted himself -I "ratiotrality" of class domination and class exploitation. hoarse in advertising the "New Life Movernent" which fo safeguard his reaetionar:y rule and stifle the struggle advocated "propriety, righteousness, moCcst"'g and a of the revolutionary people, Chiang Kai--qhek directed sense of s!:ame." His aim was to use such idealism to his parvns to go to all lengths to promote the "revival puisan and fool the people, thereby safeguarding an4 of the Confucian school of thought" in his futile strengthening his reactionary rule. As for Liu Shao-chi, attempt to use the "doctrine of Confucius and Mencius" he did his level best to spread Confucius' aircl hllencius' to deaden the revolutionary will of the revolutionary rvay of "self-cultivation" because he rvanted others to people. The sinister book Self-Cu.lti.uation dished out depart from the reality of class struggle and go in for o'self-cultivation," by Liu Shao-chi in 1939 conglomerated praciically all idealistie "cultivating" themselves the 'lessence" of the "doctrine of Confucius and Men- into hypocrites, "docile tools" and lackeys of the im- cius." It made no mention whatever of defeating pet'ialists, revisionists and reactionaries. Japa.ne.se imperialism, the way to fight the Kuomintairg The "doctrine of Confucius and Mencitrs" is alsc reactionaries, or the seizure of political pcil-er by armed a delusive and hypocritieal mask used by all the reac- fo'rce. In republi"shing his sinister book in 1962, Liu tionary rulers in history, lvho adorned the ideas of the Shao-chi sidestepped altogether the question of the expioiting classes specially to deceive the people. What dictatorship of the proletariat, the struggle between the they mouthed was completely different from what they bourgeoisie which is trying vainly to restore capitalisrn did. When Confucius talked about "Iove of the peo- and the proletariat which is fighting against sLlch ple," he had in mind oirly the ruling classes. He had restoration, and the struggle against imperialism, rev- no "love" for the classes that '*'ere rul.ed; he only isionisui and all reaction. Instead, he rviidiy peddlecl u'atrted to suppress them. Such was the h-vpocritical such trash as "loyalty to supcriors and consideration for and ruthless double-talk of Confucius. The apologists others," "do not do to others what you do not r.'ant for feudalism, who spoke profusely of "benevolence, others to do to your" "return good for evilr" t'compro- righteousness and justice," lr'ere actually out-and-out mise for expedient purposes," and "endure humiliations scoundrels. The traitor and butcher Tseng Kuo-fan, and bear heavy burdens." His aim was to dupe the who suppressed the Revolutionary Movement of the people, cornpromise with class enemies af home and Taiping Heavenly Kingdorn in mid-l9th century, trum- abroad, bring about class conciliation and. class capit- peted a great deal about "sincerity." But others gave ulation and push his opportunist line of betraying the him the lie by substituting the word "hypocrisy" for Fardy and the state. What Liu Shao-chi intended was "sincerity." That "most brutal and ,treaeherous fellow" that the revoluti6nary people should forget the class Chiang Kai-shek far outdid his "masteC' Tseng Kuo-fan struggle and the dictatorship of the proletariat so that in employing counter-revolutionary dual tactics. While he and his gang could have a free hand in bringing ruthlessly slaughtering the revolutionary people, he about a peaceful evolution and turning the dictatorship insidiously set in motion the evil wind of worshipping sf the proletariat into the dictatorship of the bour- Confucius and studying the Confucian canon, arrd geoisie. touted "piopriety, righteousness, modesty and a sense of shame.'r As for Liu Shao-chi, he vras clearly a Confucius rvas an idealist. TIte sinister book SeIJ- counter-revolutionary of long standing, and a renegade Cultfusati,an, based on the reactionary philosoplty of u'hose hands vrere stained with the blood of rerrolu- Confucius, was highly treasured by all exploiting classes tionary martyrs, but he went out of his u'ay to pose as a which used it to poison and dope the people. Further pious "man of complete virttte" and decked himself out developing his reactionary ideology, Confucius, disci- as a i'leader of the working class movement" when ples and follcwers put forward what they called. actually he was arr areh scab. A great conspirator and a ('u,atchfulness ,,be over oneself when alone,,, sincere man of wild ambitions, Liu Shao-chi inherited the in thought, rectify the mind, cultivate the person, mantle of counter-revolutionary double-dealers of the regulate the family," and. so on and so folth. These past. were downright idealistic rantings of ,'self-cultivation,', and were all. intended to cultivate men into faithful A Few lnferences for Todoy's Closs Struggle lackeys of the rrcactionary nrling classeq into muck- Ttre eounter-revolutionary plots to revive Confu.- worms seeking personal fame and gain. The Northern cius' Shop by the traitor Yuan Shih-kai, by the arch Warlords government, which took over the mantle of enemy of the people Chiang Kai-shek and by the rene- Yuan Shih-kai, compelled, the students to study the gade, hidden traitor and scab Liu Shao-chi. $"erc- all ,,cultivate,, Confucian canon because it wanted to the crushed by the advancing wheels of history. But Chair-

20i. Peking Reuiew,.iltro. 50

L- '- - man i\Iao has taught us: "Historieal experierice merits sal and counter-reversal of corect verdicts rvill still attention." From the counter-revolutionary adverse continue. current that over the last 50 years has been to trying Secondly, it t€1ls tu that full attention must be paid revive Confucius' Shop, we can deduce some trseful in- to the ckiss struggle in the ideological sphere. With ferences. regard to the representatives of the reactionar;r classes, First1y, it shows us that all overlhroir-n exploiting as pointed out in the 16-Point I)ecision, they are classes will net'er be reconciled to their defeat, but r,.,ill "still trying to use the old ideas, culture, customs and always put up a last-ditch desperate struggle. One of habits of the exploiting classes to corrupt the masses, the ways by rvhich they attempt a come-back is to re- capture their minds and endeavour to stage a come- verse the correct verdicts on the representatives of the back." Lenin said: "fl'heu the old soeiety perishes, corpse cannot overthro'.vn exploiiing classes in history and their reac- its be nailed up in a coifin and lor,rered into the grave. disintegrates in our mid.st; tlne corpse tionaqr ideologiep. This.is true of China as wetJ as o{ It rots and infects us." Tne r-eason $,hy the reactionary other countries. U.S. imperialist chieftain Nixon uses classes are able fe ufilizg tle rvorship of Confucius and. the idol of Jesus Christ to carrf out tying propaganda "back to the ancients" is because the reactionary in- for the counter:revolutionary juat tr.ticJ tnu U.S. fluence of the "doctrine of Confucius and Mencins'l monopoly capitalist groups, social-imperialism"f while is still poisoning the people. that is to say, this doctrine uses the ghosts oI its ancestors to serr,,e its poticy of still has its social ideological foundation. Thrs tradi- aggression. tional reactionary doctrine does aot disappcar of itseif The great leader Chairman Mao has pointed out: simply because we ha\.-e ovef.hrorin the feudal land- "It is highly probable that years after the final elimina- lord class. In the case of reactionar5r bourgc,ois ideas, influence greater and deeper that tlon of all exploiting classes from the face of the earth, their is still than of the of Confueius and Lilencius." In order representatives of the Chiang Kai-shek dynasty will "doctrine to break completely with traditional old ideas, we must remaia active here and there.', History and present- use Mao Tsetung Thought to criti&e the ideas of the day reality tell us that people trying to reverse the bourgeoisie and all other exploiting dasses, and use correct verdict on Confucius, Shop have al,,vays been the proletarian world outlook to defeat the bourgeois active. Even up to recently, Wang Ming, a renegad.e world outlook. Ttris is a long and arduous process of to the Parfir, a traitor to the country, an enemy self, criticize revisionism.' If we slacken or.r agent long spurned by the Chinese people 'Tight and efforts in the criticism of old ideas, it is very possible a running dog kept by modern revisionism, u,as trying that outdated things will be restored and consolidated to revive the ghost of Confucius. Reacting as he if in new forms, and things that have been criticized and had suffered a great pensonal loss, he wailed bitterty overlhrown will be revived to poison people and be- over the destmction of Confucius, Shop by the storm come the ideological foundation for a capitalist restora- of t}re Great Proietarian Cultural Revolution. Liu tion; Ihe prole.tariat must use its own ideology to Shao-chi, the chief representative of the capitalist defeat that, of the e

December 72, 7969 2t The Decisive Factor in UYar Is People, Not Things

Refuting the dreory thot "weopons decide everything" aduocoted by dre - counter-reyolutionory reyisionists Peng Teh-huoi ond Lo Jui-ching by Hung Tung-pin and Chi Yung-yao

N'/[IAT deeides the outcome of a war? People or Facts speak volumes. The history of the revolu- YV weapons? Herein lies the basic difference be- tionary struggles of the people of China and the rest tween proletarian military thinking and bourgeois of the world has long givm the lie to the "weapons military thinking, and between Marxism-Leninism-Mao decide _everything" theory. Led hy our great leader Tsetung Thought and revisionism, old or new. Chairman Mao, the greatest Marxist-Leninist of the present era, the Chinese people defeated the Japanese Our great supreme commander Chairman Mao dggressors, vanquished has taught us: are an important factor in the Chiang Kai-shek bandit "Weapons gang and beat war, but not the decisive factor; it is peoplq not the U.S. imperialist troops who in- vaded people's things, that are decisive." Chairman Mao has wisely Korea. The Chinese victories in these wars are the most convincing proof of the utter bank- pointed out: "The atom bomb is a lraper tiger r.r,hich ruptcy of this reactionary theory. the U.S. reactionaries use to scare people. It looks terriblg but in fact it isn't. Of eourse, the atom bomb When the War of Resistance Against Japan (193?- is a weapon of mass slaughter, but the outeome of a 45) was still in its initial stage, Japanese imperi,alism war is decided by the people, not by ono or two new blustered that it could easily subjugate China because types of weapon." Chairman Mao's brilliant theses it had far superior weapons and equipment. On their have greatly raised the morale of the proletariat and part, the Kuomintang reactionaries headed by Chiang revelutionary peopte througbout the world and punc- Kai-shek shamelessly spread the reactionary view tured the arrogance of atl imperialists and reaction- that China would inevitably be subjugated if she fought aries. They are our powerful ideological weapons for the Japanese invaders because her weapons were in- defeating U.S. imperialism, social-imperialism and all ferior. At that time, the advocates of the theory that reaction. "lveapons decide everything" alleged that China needed military and economic power egual Japan's Catering to the needs of US. imperialism and so- to to go from parity, and she needed cial-imperialism, the counter-revolutionar5r revisionists inferiority to that miiitary and economic power greater than Japan's to Peng Teh-huai and Lo Jui-ching went to great lengths go from parity to superiority. Firmly refuting such to peddle the sinister theory that decide 'lreapons reactionary pointed everything" in their efforts to oppose Chairman Mao's ideas, Chairman Mao brilliantly out: view is opposd this; we lleo not only great thinking. Ttrey openly said: "Under present "Our to wealxlns but also people." eontert of strength ,ie circumstances, fighting a war depends mainly on steel "The not only a contest of military and eeouomic porfer, but and technique and ast on polities and eourage.,' This contest power morale." is outright reactionary rubbish! also a of human and :'Tho richest sonrce of power to wage war lies in the urasses The theory that "weapons decide everything,, is of the peopla It is mai.Iy because of the unorganized not nerv; it is a worn-out and long discredited tune state of ,the Chinese masses that Japan dares to bulty carried over from the bourgeoisie and the old and new us. T$hen this defect is remedied, then the Japanme revisionists. During the period of the Second Interna- aggressor, liko a mad bull crashing into a ring of tional, the old revisionist Bernstein brayed that armed {lames, will be sunounded by hundreds of millions of uprisings had lost their effectiveness because of our people standing upright, the mere sound of their modern city buildings and modem weapons and techni- voices wiII strike terror into him, and he rvill he que. Kautsky raved about '.the colossal superiority in burned to death." This is the most incisive criticism armaments of the armies of modern states over the of the theory that "weapons decide everything" and arms which are at the disposal of ,civilians, and whieh was the brilliant Marxist-Leninist thinking that guided usually render any resistance on the part of the latter the Chinese people in their war against Japanese ag- hopeless from the very outset.,, Chanting the sarne gression. Ttrough inferior in numbers, weapons and tune as U.S. imperialism, the modern revisionists equipment at that time, our Eighth Route and New prattle that "nuelear weapons and strategic rocket Fourth Armies enjoyed the full support of the people units are deeisive," axerting that nuclear weapons are beeause we were waging a just war against aggres- factors deciding the outcome of a war. This is sheer sion. Follorving Chairman Mao's great teaching, our nonsense! troops penetrated deep into the enemy's rear areas

22 Peking Reoiew, No. 50 where they aroused the masses on a wiile scale and set they exploded the rnyth of U.S. irnperialist "invind- ablaze the flames of guerrilla war against the invaders. bility." When U.S. imperialism. :brazenly unleashed During those eight years of fighting the Japanese ag- this war of aggression in June 1950, it threw in a third gressors, our armies steadily expanded and became of its army, one-fifth of its air force and the greater more and more powerftrl. Our ranks swelled from part of its navy. With this as the backbone, it sorne 40,fi)0 men in the initial stage of the war to a mustered the arrned forces of 15 satellite countries, million strong. In addition, we organized more than and used all kinds of new weapons except the atom two million militiamen and built liberated areas which bomb. Counting on its so

Deeenzber 12,1969 2t rifles and hand-grenades, have irthe. end defeated the ching did their utmost to peddle this reactionary theory imperialist forces armed with modern . aeroplanes, proves to the hilt that they are the running dogs of tanks, heavy artillery and atom bombs. Guerrilla U.S. imperialism and social-imperialism. We are forces have ultimately defeated regular armies. 'Ama- Marxist-Leninists. We are firmiy convineed that our teurs' who were never trained in any military schools cause is an entirely just one and that over 95 per cent have eventually defeated 'professionals' graduated of the world's population are on our side. By relying from miiitary academies." on the courage of men armed rvith Mao Tsetung Thought, and with the wholehearted support hun- Marxism-Leninism-1\{ao Tsetung Thought teaches of dreds of millions people, us that the people are the creators of world history, of we are sure to defeat every aggressor. To defeat enemy, we develop the decisive foree in social development and the deci- the will also our own modern weapons, including nuclear. weapons, sive factor in the outcome of a war. Chairman Mao But we never have weapons. has taught us: "The revolutionary war is a war of the blind faiih in nuclear We always give first place to the factor of men. With masses; it can be waged only by nrobilizing the nr.asses -on men armed with Mao Tsetung Thought, r,ictory will and relying them." Vice-Chairman Lin has also always belong us ! pointed out: "Weapons and people are needed in war. to But weapons are neeessarily wielded by people. If To extricate themselves from their difficulties at the people are nnt brave, the ri.eapons will not be able home and abroad, U.S. imperialism and social-imperi- to play their.full role. So victory in a war depends alism are now collaborating and contending rvith each on ttre people." In analysing a war, we should take other, carrying out arms expansion and war prepara- into consideration not only the enemy's and our own tions, actively plotting to launch a war of aggression miiitary and economic power but all other factors as against our country, and openly using nuclear black- well which wili finally decide the outcome of the war, mail against us. If they should dare to impose a war particularly the nature of the war, the strength of the on our country, they wili be lifting a roek only to drop people and their subjective and dynamic r.ole in the it on their own feet and end up just like Japanese im- war. Going against the tide sf hisfsry, U.S. imperial- perialism whieh launched a war of aggression against ism and social-iniperialism, the implacable enemies of China, like Chiang Kai-shek who unleashed eounter- the world's people, will never get support from the revolutionary civil wars and like U.S. imperialism which people. To cover up their rottenness, feebleness and invaded Korea. Armed with Mao Tsetung Thought, the unjust nature of wars of aggression, they have to the Chinese People's Liberation Army and the huti- use the theory that *weapons decide everything" to dreds of millions of Chinese people will resolutely; embolden and console themselves. That the counter- thoroughl;2, wholly and completely rvipe out the aggres- revolutionar;r revisionists Peng Teh-huai and Lo Jui- sors.

Stctement bv Cemtrsl ee$lnffinittee of Communist Party of Thsilsnd om 27th Amnlversgry of Foundiaeg of the Pa rty

Colls on pctriotic crmymen and people to persevere in ormed struggle to cverthro,.r t!.S.-Thci reoctionary rule. Stresses the need to in?egrcte Mco Tsetung Thought with concrete practice of the revolutien in ThqiEsnd.

A STATEI!,IEMI on the 2?th anniversary of the f

24 Peki,ng Reuie.w, No. 50

:

I I

I I

I fieid of guerrilla '*'ar has been extended to every part every passing day, while for us things are getting better of the countr;r, the people's revolutionary armed forces daily.' Victory will certainly come to us, the people of have grown in strength in the flames of fierce strug= Thailaird." gle, and the Thai People's. Liberation Ar-my has come Dealing ''vith the major issues call great into existence. Now the U,S.-Thanom clique is not only which for effort.s by the Communist Thailancl solving unable to oppress, bully and massacre the people at Party of in at present, the statcment says: comrades the will as before, but is being dealt heavy blou's by the "A11 in Party must pay special hoiCing people rvho have taken up arms. It has repeatedly attention to siiil higher suf- the great red fered ignominious defeat. People's revolutionary polit- banner of Mac Tsetung Thought, must conseientiously study and grasp Mao Tsetung Thought ical power is beginning to be set up in many places. All well and constantiy use Mao Tsetung Tho'-ight re- this has enormously inspired the country's oppressed to mould their world outlook and guide their work in and exploited people and patriotic demoerats, and various fields. Every comrade and fighter must pay helped the people throughout the country to see clearly attention to studying constantly Chairrnan Mao's three that the only hope and way out for the country and articles: Seroe the People, Memrsry Narman the peopie is to take up arms and persist in steadfast In of Bethune and The Foolish Old blan Who Remoued, th,e struggle against the U.S.-Thanom clique. All this helps Mountai,tts, use them as remould their the people understand more deeply the great teaching rteapons to world outlook, persist struggle of Chairman Mao Tsetung that 'political power grows and must in the to out of thi: barrel of a gun.' eradicate their own non-proletarian idea-q. They must fight self and repudiate revisionism; they must pay "All the suecesses and victories of the people are attention to investigation and study and constantly sum due to th-e fact that our Party holds high the great red up experience so as to raise their let'el of under-qtanding banner of Mao Tsetung Thought, integrates lVlao Tsetung and rvork better. They must pay attenlion to uphold- Thought with the concrete practice of the revolutionary ing the policy of relying mainiy on their orvn efforts in struggle in our country, and leads the whole Party, the various fields. They must pay attention to learning whole army and all the revolutionary masses to study and studying Chairman Mao Tsetung's strategy and Mao Tsetung Thought eonscientiously so that they can tacties of people's war well and strive to fight more grasp and apply it step by step and in a better u'ay. battles of annihilation. They must pay attention to Displaying the spirit of fearing neither hardship, dif- fully arousirrg the masses so that the people, first of all, ficulties nor death, the broad masses of comrades and the broad masses of peasants, rvill rise up io fight con- fighters in our revol.utionary ranks are capable of per- sciously for their own interests. The;r must pay atten- severing in struggle tenaciously, resolutely and coura- tion to extending the people's armed struggle, and geously, with the result that our revolutionary rrork further strengthen the people's army. Attention should has forged ahead and scored continuous achievements be paid to tire gradual abolition of the system of feudal and victories. Large numbers of model workers have exploitation and earrying out agrarian revolution in dU- emerged on various fronts. A scene of vigour, activity, ferent ways according to specific conditions in various assiduity and heroic spirit is to be found everyrvhere. places so that the broad peasant masses can have land Ttre working sty{e of being united, alert, earnest and to maintain their livelihood. Atteniion should be paid lively prevails in the whole Party and army. A highly to establishing and expanding people's revolutionary mi.litant spirit and pr:ofound class fraternity have been political power in the countryside. It must be firmly forged in the course of the revolutionary struggle.,r established in places where conditions permit." Alter analysing the excellent situation in Thailand. The statement says in conclusion: "Let us advance and abroad, the statement points ont: 'oJust as Chair- courageously along the path of victory!" "Final .,'iciorX man l\llao Tsetung, the great teacher of the vrorld's certainly belongs to us, the people of Thailani!" ''Long revolutionary peoplq has saici: '?he enemy rots with live pecpLe's war!"

"Y&iqe *f Malayer? RevoEe,rtiosr" R.sdio I nsugurGted

rf,t iiE illalayan paper Borisora in Singapcre published revoiution. It shorvs that the revolutionar-y armed r an editorial on November 23 warmty haiiing the struggie led by the l\{alayan Communist Parti, has official inauguration and the beginning af broadcaets taken a big stride foru'ard on the rcad to national of the "Yoice of Llaiayan Revoluiion" Radio. liberation. The editorial pointed out: The formal anRounce- Cciniinning, it said that the formai announcement ment of the inaugu.ration and the commencement of of this has proclairnecl the complete bankr:uptcSi of the broadcasts of the "Voice of Malayan Revoluticn', Radio monopoly by U.S. and British imperialism and their is an' important event in the history of the I\,Ialayan Raliman-Razak-Lee Kuan Yew puppet regimes in the

December 12, 1969 4t

t field of broadcasting in Malaya. W'hile suppressing and that the revolutionary struggle led by the Malayan expioiting the Malayan people, the irrlperialists and reac- Communist Pady is advancing frsrn victory to victory, tionaries have long been using all of the state machin- rvhile the U.S. and British imperialists and their Rah- ery, including the radio stations, to make frantic coun- man-Razak-Lee Kuan Jew puppet regimes are suffer- ter-revolutionary propaganda against the people in ing one defeat after another. a vain attempt to put down their resistance and bolster It seid: 21 years the revolutionary struggle their own tottering fascist dictatorial Norv that 'iFor rule. led by the Communist Party of Malaya, has been per- the "Voice of Malayan Revolution" Radio has officially sisting in armed struggle, using the countryside to en- come into being and started its it is waging lroadcasts, circle the cities, and seizing political power by armed. propagan- a tit-for-tat struggle against the reactionary force. In these 21 years, under the guidance of Marx- da of the imperialists and reactionaries through its ism-Leninism, Mao Tsetung ltrought, the people's arm- power{ul militant voice. Frorn now on, the "Voice of ed forces have achieved brilliant successes in conducting Malayan Revolution" Radio will tower over the Mala- propaganda among the masses, organizing them, keep- yan propaganda front as a brand new force in actively ing in close eontact rvith them and arousing them to propagating great Mao Tsetung Thought and the rev- strike at the enemy." olutionary struggle of the Malayan Communist Party The editorial said: is the excellent situation and people. It is coulter-attacking counter-revolution- It in of enemy rots with every passing dan while Ior ary propaganda with revolutionary propaganda. It will "tho us things are getting better daily," that the of certainly strike hard at the rule of terror of the impe- "Voice Malayan Revolution" Radio is inaugurated and begins rialists and reactionaries and give Malayan peo- the its broadcasts. The Malayan people will surely fight p1e's national-liberation stluggle tremendous encourage- heroically amid this excellent situation and strive for ment. greater victories. It concluded with the slogans: "Lilng The editorial adde

U.$.-Japare$G ffeactiomaries' Crimrinal lhsign to Intensify

frggression in fisia Condemned

the Japanese rnilitarists as their shoek brigade in Asia D.R.V.N. Foreign Ministry and the plot of the Japanese reactionary ruling circles Statement to rely on the United States to carry out Japan's ex- pansionist and aggressive ambitions in this area." ,TEE recent joint communique issued by U.S. Presiclent With regard to the Viet Nam question, it noted, the I Nixon and Japanese Prime Minister Sato has ex- Japanese Government's reactionary features have been posed the extremely reaetionary policy of the U.S. and exposed ever more clearly. Sato has allowed the United Japanese Governments in their scheme of war provoca- States to continue using its bases in Japan including tion and aggression against Viet Nam and other cou:r- those on Okinawa after 1972 to serve the U.S. criminal tries in Asia and. the Pacifig" said the Foreign Ministry lvar of aggression in Viet Nam. By this act, Sato has of the Democratic Republic o.[ Viet Nam a statement in openly acknowledged. the Japanese reactionary ruling issued on December 2. circles' military collusion with the United States in the: T'he statement pointed out: This communique war of aggression in Viet Nam and their complicity ,ir.ith shows that the U.S. and Japanese Governments are stilL ihe United States in prolonging this aggressive $'atr. stubbornly upholding the Japan-U.S. "security treaty" The statement declared: "The Government of the and preserving the U.S. military and nuclear bases on Democratic Republic of Viet Nam sternly condemns and Okinarva. strongly protests the col.lusion between the U.S. im- It continued: "The Nixon-Sato joint comnouaique perialists and the reactionary Sato government ln has further exposed lhe U.S. imperialist scheme to use prolonging and stepping up the war of aggression in

?6 Peking Reoieu, IVo, 50

,#r Viet Nam. It resolutely demands that the United the Korean paper Rodong Sinmwrt in a corqrxrentary on States stop the aggression and withdraw U.S. and satel- November 24. Iite troops totatly and unconditionally from south Viet The commentary said: The Japanese Nam and let the south Vietnamese people settle their militarists, blinded by their ambition overseas expansion, are own internal af,fairs themselves without foreign inter- for vention." trying their utmost to embark upon the road of im- perialist aggression and realize the old drea,rn of the The statement added: U.S. imperialisk "TLre still "greater East Asia co-prosp,erity sphere.'r . pursue a hostile policy against the People,s Republic of In dealing Okinawa question, eom- China and are illegally occrrpying Taiwan. They pro- with the the mentary pointed out: the faree staged by the U.S. and voked war against the Democratic People's Republic of Japanese reaetionaries on the of Okinaura" to Korea and are illegally occupying south Korea. They "return Japan is aimed at keeping this island continuously as a have unleashed criminal wars against the Vietnamese base of the vicious U.S. imperialists for nuclear attaek peopLe and the Laotian people and repeatedly en- and, furthermore, converting the whole territory of croached upon the independence, sovereignty and Japan into a nuclear base of the U.S. imperialists like neutralit5r of the Kingdom of Cambodia. The Asian Okinawa. peoples never forget that the Japanese militarists had committed innumerable barbarous crimes against the Referring to the U.S. and Japanese reactionaries' various eountries in Asia and the Pacific during World scheme to prolong the Japan-U.S. "security treaty," the War II and are now colluding with the United States in commentary noted: all the facts are indicative of the carrying out the policy of intenrention and aggression scheme of the U.S. imperialists and the Japanese mili- rn this area. The Asian peoples, who keep high vigil- tarists to intensify in an all-round way their joint ag- ance, will certainly smash all the vilIainous designs of gtession in Asia under the name sf "new era in Japan- the U.S. imperialists and the Japanese militarists so as U.S. relations." to defend genuine independence, freedom and peace.,, The comrnentary pointed out: The new aggressive eonspiraey and collusion between U.S. imperialism and Japanese militarism are a heinous drallenge to peaee Commentary by Korean in Asia and the world, a new grave provocation against the Korean people and a vicious attack on the revolu.,i Paper Rodong Sinmun tionary cause of the Asian people for national inde- rt+alks" pendencg sovereignty and progress. tftHE held between Nixon and Sato in Washing- ! ton and the "joint cornmunique,, published after- If the Japanese militarists laundr another aggres- wards 'bark a new criminal phase in the tie-up for sion against Korea and Asia in disregard of the lessons aggression in Asia between the U.S. irnperialists and of history, they will perish irr the llames they kindle the Japanese militarists," declared a commentator of themselves, the commentar5r said.

lmplacable Hastilitv to the Chinese Peaple

Joponese Reoctionories Step Up Aggression and Expsnsion in Chino's Toiwon Province

RACKED by U.S. imperialism, the Japanese reaction- use U.S. imperialist support to augment their strength J-l ,1iss have recently stepped up their aggression to realize Japan's rabid ambition for aggression. As and expansion in China's Taitvan Province. Ttris far back as 1964, soon after he came to po'uver, Eisaku further exposed their predatory ambition to seize Sato clamoured that "it is not yet decided to whom China's saered territory Taiwan and to re-establish Taiwan belongs." After this, he sneaked into Taiwan their colonial sphere of influence there. to carry out conspiratorial activities and sent Japanese U.S. imperialism has consistentlly used the Japa- militarists to Tais,an on many occasions to engage in nese reactionaries as its main accomplice in carrying so-called "study" and "goodwill" activities, teaming up out its policies of aggression and war in Asia. At the with the Chiang Kai-shek bandit gang in hostility to- sarrre time, the Japanese reactionaries have striven to wards the Chinese people.

December 12, 1969 Z7 Recently, insiigated by. their U.S. imperialist bandit gang. The reaetionary Sato governrnent sent a masters, the Japanese reactionaries' counter-rerrolution- large number of technical personnel to Wuchi in Tai- ary arrogance has become more blatant tha,n ever. rvan last July to make surveys in preparation for build- Min,:ing no lvords. Sato hov,ied in Washington that ing a naval base there. In October, a naval fleet was China's territory Taiwan was "a most important sent to Tairvan. Extensive contacts vith military and factor for the security of Japan." Sato's brother No- administrative personnel of the Chiang Kai-shek ban- busuke I{ishi, a fir.st-ciass war criminal, ranted even dit gang rvere made and U.S.-Chiang mi!.itary instal- more wildiy in Tairvan tliat Japan would develop into lations inspected. At the same time, the Japanese "a politically leading country" and thai it rvould elter reactionaries were building refuelling vessels for the into "unanimity anC co-operation" u.ith the Chiang Chiang gang's navy. Recently, the Japanese reactlon- Kai-shek bandit gang and other Asian lacke-vs of U.S. aries and the Chiang Kai-shek garig revised "the pro- imperialism making against the in "counter-offensive visional agreenrent on air transport," thus enabling mainland" of China.' Kishi then hurried to south lio- Japanese planes to iand at will at airports in Taipei rea to hold toiks u,ith the Pak Jung Hi reactionary and Kaohsiung and other places in Taiwan. After clique tcl rig up a counter-revolutionary military aI- Sato returned to Japan from his talks with Nixon in Iiance in the Asian and Pacific region to ser-v'e the U.S. imperialist policies of aggression and tvar. the United States, the reactionary Japanese Govern- ment promptly decided to extend a 1,134 million yen The Japanese reactionaries are no\+' escalating their military collaboration with the Chiang Kai-shek (Continued on p. 30.)

French Parliamentary Delegation Sneaks lnto Taiwan For Collusion With Chiang Bandit Gang

,THE French parliamentary delegation headed Before leaving Taipei, W. Jaeson brazenly an- r by William Jacson, Vice-President of the nounced that the delegation rvould repr:r't on its Foreign Affairs Committee of the French Na- activities of collusion with the Chiang bandit tional Assenrbly, was in Taiwan from November gang to the Foreign Affairs Committee of the 25 to December 4 for ten days of counter'-revolu- French National Assembly, the French !-oreign tionary activities in cpUusion with the Chiang Minister and the President of France. Kai-shek bandit gang. It is not fortuiious that the Frcnch Govern- tffhile in Taiwan, W. Jacson and his cro,"t,d ment has connived at the coliusion between a maliciously attacked the great People's Republic handful of reactionaries in the French National of China and shamelessly glorified Chiang l{ai- Assembly and the Chiang bandit gang. A number shek, 1 political corpse long discarded and spat of reactionary Freneh military personnel and upon by the Chinese people. Alleging that politicians have foliowed one another to Taiwan France and the Chiang bandit gang "have com- to carry out intrigues this year. Recently, the mon ideals" anci should strengthen their 'oco- French magazine le Monde et la Vie brazenly ran operation," he horvled that the so-called "diplo- a photo of Chiang Kai-shek, the arch enemy of matic relatienSl' between France and the Chiang the people, and counter-revolutionary and anti- bandit gang "will finally see a clear sky." They communist and anti-popular speeehes by the had secret ta1ks. with Yen Chia-kan and other baqdit Chiang Kai-shek. This is naked opposi- Chiang bandit gang chiefs olt many occasions, tion to the Chinese people. visited the Chiang bandits' military inslallations The intrigues by a handful of Flench reac- in valious parts of Taiwan, and openly to '*-ent tio.naries lvho collude with the Chinng bandit Quemoy to engage in intrigue. They thus fully gang and pursue the U.S. imperialist scheme to exposed their ugly featui.es of being hostile to create Chinasr" serve to unciermine the the Chinese people. "two friendship between the Chinese and French peo- This French deiegation to Tairvan lvas made ples and will inevitably rneet resolutc- opposition up o{ members of the French governing party. from- the Chinese and French peoples. The French The day after it arrived in Taipei, a French gov- reactionaries carl achieve nothing more than erning party publication, la Nation, declared that "lifting a rock only to drop it on their own feet," the delegation was visiting Tai'"van at the invita- and they will ir:evitabiy came to a disgraceful tion of the Chi4ng bandit gang "government." end.

28 .Rersiew, No. 50 i Peking i I t t t I and gaoled in military prisons be- ROUND TTIE \MORI.D cause they were unrriilling to die for aggressive \Mars. Ho-,lrever, they carried on their struggle in the pris- ons against the war of aggression in U.S. Servicemen's Struggle the barracks in Kaiserslautern, West Viet Nam and the alm;r's fascist rule. Gei'many. Agoinst Aggressive Wors More than 200 ruarine "political pris- oners" in the brig at Camp Pend- Many soldiers in the U.S. aggressor Along with the disastrous defeats leton, a marine base in California, troops south Nam are un- of U.S. algressive war in Viet Nam in Viet rose in struggle one September night willing serve as carlnon fodder in and the rapid development of the to this year, surrounding a guard hut the aggression against Viet American people's strugglg the op- war of and throwing the reaciionary officers Nam. For instance, 200 v;ent on a position of U.S. servicemen to the into consternation. hunger-strike November 20, der- wars of aggression by U.S. imperial- on manding end ag- lbe U.S. seryicemen's stmggle has ism and to its fascist rule in the army an to this war of gression. won extensive sympathy and support is mounting daily. Many servicremen even re- fused to carry out 'tombat orders." from the American people, who ac- The number of deserter"s among The Western press disclosed that the tively offered help and cover to the the U.S. troops and of those who "go "mora.le" of U.S. aggressor troops in deserting soldiers and supported their AWOL" (a.bsent without leave) is in- Viet Nam is "on the wane," that er.en struggle ageinst the war of aggression creasing, and averages about 500 rnany young officers show "confu- in Viet Nam- They repeatedly raised every day. In the year ending last sion and bitterness," and that officer strong protests against the brutal Ju4e 30, the deserters tota-lled 56,600, resignations have been rising. Prior persecution of "political prisoners" while those who went "AWOL" num- to the American people's nationwide among the srrricemen by the reac- bered 150,000, representing approxi- demonstrations against the war of tionary military authorides and de- mately 10 per cent of the total num- aggression in Viet Nam in mid No- manded an immediate end to the L;.S- ber of U.S. servicemen on active duty. .yember this year, more than 1,3.00 imperialist war of aggression in Viet Ihe army's desertion rate has trebled servicemen on active dut;r signeci their Nam, the abolition of military prisons in the past thrce years, and is trvice names to a statement in a ner*'spaper and the release of all poiitical pris- the rate during U.S. impeliaiism's war in open protest against the war. Defy- oners throughout the country. On of aggression in Korea. The "AWOL', ing the ban and intimidation by the October 12, some 8.000 demonstrators rate has doubled in the past two reactionary military authorities, large bravely charged into the Fort Dix years. Many U.S. soldiers declared numbers of U.S. servicemen took an army base in New Jersey, strongly that they quit the reactionary armed active part in the protest rally and demanding the release of I'politieal forces because they rvere unwilling dernonstrations in Washington and prisoners.": Scores of soldiers at that to die for U-S. irsrperialism's pol- other places. base resolutely joined the ranks of icies of aggression and war. Recent- the demonstrators. More and more Underground organizations set up ly, many U.S. reactionary brasshats American people and soldiers have by U.S. servicemen .in the army also have had to admit that this is gradually come to realize that the pub- one of the most serious pfoblems and underground newspapers real strength is on tlre side of the lished them opposition facing them today. by in to ag- people. lhey have expressed their gressive wars and fascist rule are determination to carry on their strug- What causes an even greater head- increasing rapidly. It was report- gle until the end of the u'ar of ag- underground ache to the U.S. reactionary military ed that servictmen's gression in Viet Nam, a war' ',rrhich authorities is that many U.S. service- newspapers, which emerged in the serves the interests of U.S. mor.ropoly men have been unfolding struggles military bases in the United Si,ates, capital, and until the fascisi L'npe- against aggressive wars and against south Viet Narn and other places rialist systenr is overthrou'u. the fascist rule within the army. since 1967, have incrcased to more Demonstrating their opposition to than 40. the war ol ag-qression in Viet Nam and the persecution by the reaction- Terribly scared by the upsurge More Evidence of Stepped-Up of the servicemen's struggle against ary military authorities in Hawaii, a Soviet-Joponese Col loborstion aggressive the U.S. reaction- U.S. base in the Pacific, about B0 "vars, truops lefi their camp in August this ary military authorities have stepped D.IVL Gvishiani, Vice-Chairman of year and refused to return. With up suppression of the struggle. The the State Committee for Science and Council the help of other sbldiers and local Pentagon flagrantly issued an order Technology of the U.S.S.R. inhabitants, they persisted in their last September prohibiting U.S. sol- of Ministers, was in Japan fronr carrying a struggle for rnore than one month. diers from "participaling in off-post November 19 to 27 out special job. Last June, more than 50 soldiers held demonstrations," and instructed'uhe a demonsti'aiion against the u,ar of brasshats in various places to sup- According to Japanese bourgeois aggression in Viet Nam and the press the protest activities of the ser'- newspapers, Gvishiani was sent to persecution by the fascist officers at vicemen. I/Iany soldiers wsre arrested Japan to sign economic and ieci:nical

December 12, 7969 2S "co-operation" agr€ements, that.isi to The Japanese reactifiEries, w,[s imperialisrr.r. Talkiag about Soviet- do rnore bartering away of ,Siber:ia'.s are stepping up al'Ins e,xpansion artcl Japanese technical co-ope_ ration rvith r€sourcas to .fapanese rnonopoly cap- v/ar preparations, are in great need Japanese reporters last autumn, V.^{. ital. The Japanese press disclosed of oopper and other strategic mate- Kirillin, Vice-Chairman of the Soviet that Gvishiani's visit a1so was for rials, which are scarce on the world Council of Ministers, expressed the the pu{pose of learning eo*alled mar*et- Therefore, the Japanese mo' desire for *operadion with Japan in 'ntanagement techniques" rnethods nopolists, long covetous of Siberials high energy physics. He admitted that of ruthtressly oppressing and- -exploit- mineral wealth, see the development "the President of the Siberian branch ing the $,re1kgas-from the Japanee of its nesources .as "something ur- of the SoYieX AcademSr of Seiences monopoly capitalists. gent." in 196? rnade knorarn to JaPan tlre Ssviet desire for co-operatisn with On behalf of the Soviet Govern- Gvishiani also proposed to the lrer in nuclear tesearch-" ment, Gvishiani obsequiously made Japanese Toreign Ministry and the the "proposal" to Japanese monopoly Ministry of International Trade'anrl N.K. Baibakov, Soviet Vice-Chair- capital that the Oudoil

(Contilr.u,ed trom p, 28.) wan which turn out polyester fabrics makes up over ?0 per cent of the total of this kind of goods oa the loan to the Chiang Kai-shek bandit gang, +rhich u'as Taiwan raarkel Japanese far:n rnaehinery manufac- earmarked for purchases ol Jppanese-rnade aircraft- turere Taiwan c-ontrol 55 per crent of the farm ma- a new move aimed. at supporting the US. imperialist in chinery on the Taiwan rnarket. Japanese medical quip- policies of aggression and war. ment and pharnaceutical, sewing machine and vehicle Japanese monopoly capitatr has also stepped up its assembly enterprises in Tai'qran dominate the market. economic aggression in ord,er to control the lifeblood Japanese mouopoly eapital has also been carr5ring out of Taiwan's economy and iprepare conditions for its expansion by means of so-called "economic aid." In re-occupation of Taiwan. It ryas repcrtetl that Japanese 1965, Japanese monopoly capital gave the Chiang ban- monopoly capital has inJiltrated ail economic branches t'investments," dit gang loans in yen equivalent to 150 million U.S. in Taiwan through "loansr' "technical dollars. As a result, it has gained control of Tairvan's past co-operation" and so on in the few years. To steel and power enterprises, To control Taiwan's in- date, more than 260 ente:prises have been built in dustrial and agricultural production still further, Japa- Taiwan through direct Japanese investments and 1?2 nese monopoly capital again extended ioans in yen as a result of co-operation" with Chiang "technical the equivalent to 250 million U.S. dollars to the Chiang bandit gang. These enterprises account 65 per cent for bandit gang last November. of Taiwan's total nurnber of enterprises in which foreign inyestmenb have beea made. The output of Japanese monopoly capital's aggression and expan- mteqrrises built by Japanese rrutnopoly capital in Tai- sion in Taiwan has made the Chiang Kai-shek bandit

30 Pekirtg Reui,ew, No. 50 gang even more servile to the Japanese reactionaries. capital to build faetories for processing export eom- Of lata, it has epenly demanded that the. Chiang KaL modities. shek bandit gang the ownership af Japarese ?rotest" The Japanese reaeiionaries' rabid aggression and enterprises in Taiwan and innport controls" and, "relax expansion has afoused strong resentment .among Tai- witrh regard to customs duties, give Japan "most wan compatriots. They have angrily protested against favoured treatment" and so on and so forth. The the criminal design of the Japanese reactionaries who traitorous Chiang Kai-shek bandit gang, whieh is are vainly trying to annex Taiwan, The Chinese people always willing to fawn on forei,gn eountries, openly are deterrnined to hboate Taiwan. The Japanese reac- zubmitted to all these outrageous demands by Japanese tionaries with the backing of U.S. imperialism will as- monopoly capital. It has also actively worked out suredly come to no good end by inflexibly remaining plans to open up new areas for Japanese monopoly hostile to the Chinese people.

I

PEKING REVIEW

Vol, 12, No. 50 Published fn F.nglish, Eregcb, Spanish, Deeember 12, 1969 Japanese and Clerman editions

I?IE WEK f,he Decisiue Foctor tn Wor ls People, Not Things the theory lhot "weopons decide Chinese Porty ond Government Delegotion Home -Refuting From Tirono everything" odvocoted by the counter-revolu. tionory revkionists Peng Teh=hqoi ond Lo Exhibition or Chino's Successes in Sociolist JUi-chins, Construction Opens in Tirano Stotement by Genkd Committee of Communist French MorxishLeninist Communists Delegotion Porty of Thoibnd on ?fth Anniversory of in Peking Founding of the Po*ty 24 "Voice of Moloyon Revolution" Rodio lnouguroted 25 ARTICLES AND DOCUMENTS U.S.-Joporese ilto*rlrr' Crfuninol Design to Centrol Commitiee ol Albonion Porty of Lcbour ond lntensify Aggression in Asio Condemned . Council of Ministers Fete Chinese Forty ond Goy- D.R.V.N. Foreign emment Delegotion Ministry Stotement Commentory by Koreon Poper Rodong Sinmun Comrode Mehmet Shehu,s Speech Joponese Reoctionoies Saep Aggression ond Comrode Li Hsien-nien's Speech Up Exponsion in Chino's foiwon Province Chinese Pcrty ond Government DetegcUion Virits French Porliomcntory Detegotion Sneoks lnto Toiwon Albonio's Moo Tsetung Hydro-Pouer Stetion 9 for Collusion With Chiong Bondit Gong 28 Moo Tsetung Thought ls the Source of Strength - How Shonsi's Tochoi Brigode reoped eight ROUND THE WORLD D successive excellent horvests 13 US, Senr,ieereenls Stuuggle Agoinst Aggressive Diolectics in Building o 1O,fil0-Ton Freighter t5 Wcrs Ghost of Confucius'Shop ond Actuol Clcss Struggle Morq Evidince of Stepped-Up Soviet-Joponese - Chi Fon-hsiu 18 Co[[oborotion

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December 12, 1969 31

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