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Te2, Part Iii
TERMINOLOGIA EMBRYOLOGICA Second Edition International Embryological Terminology FIPAT The Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology A programme of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA) TE2, PART III Contents Caput V: Organogenesis Chapter 5: Organogenesis (continued) Systema respiratorium Respiratory system Systema urinarium Urinary system Systemata genitalia Genital systems Coeloma Coelom Glandulae endocrinae Endocrine glands Systema cardiovasculare Cardiovascular system Systema lymphoideum Lymphoid system Bibliographic Reference Citation: FIPAT. Terminologia Embryologica. 2nd ed. FIPAT.library.dal.ca. Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology, February 2017 Published pending approval by the General Assembly at the next Congress of IFAA (2019) Creative Commons License: The publication of Terminologia Embryologica is under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0) license The individual terms in this terminology are within the public domain. Statements about terms being part of this international standard terminology should use the above bibliographic reference to cite this terminology. The unaltered PDF files of this terminology may be freely copied and distributed by users. IFAA member societies are authorized to publish translations of this terminology. Authors of other works that might be considered derivative should write to the Chair of FIPAT for permission to publish a derivative work. Caput V: ORGANOGENESIS Chapter 5: ORGANOGENESIS -
Comparative Anatomy of the Lower Respiratory Tract of the Gray Short-Tailed Opossum (Monodelphis Domestica) and North American Opossum (Didelphis Virginiana)
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 12-2001 Comparative Anatomy of the Lower Respiratory Tract of the Gray Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis domestica) and North American Opossum (Didelphis virginiana) Lee Anne Cope University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Animal Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Cope, Lee Anne, "Comparative Anatomy of the Lower Respiratory Tract of the Gray Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis domestica) and North American Opossum (Didelphis virginiana). " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2001. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/2046 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Lee Anne Cope entitled "Comparative Anatomy of the Lower Respiratory Tract of the Gray Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis domestica) and North American Opossum (Didelphis virginiana)." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Animal Science. Robert W. Henry, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Dr. R.B. Reed, Dr. C. Mendis-Handagama, Dr. J. Schumacher, Dr. S.E. Orosz Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. -
Vocabulario De Morfoloxía, Anatomía E Citoloxía Veterinaria
Vocabulario de Morfoloxía, anatomía e citoloxía veterinaria (galego-español-inglés) Servizo de Normalización Lingüística Universidade de Santiago de Compostela COLECCIÓN VOCABULARIOS TEMÁTICOS N.º 4 SERVIZO DE NORMALIZACIÓN LINGÜÍSTICA Vocabulario de Morfoloxía, anatomía e citoloxía veterinaria (galego-español-inglés) 2008 UNIVERSIDADE DE SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA VOCABULARIO de morfoloxía, anatomía e citoloxía veterinaria : (galego-español- inglés) / coordinador Xusto A. Rodríguez Río, Servizo de Normalización Lingüística ; autores Matilde Lombardero Fernández ... [et al.]. – Santiago de Compostela : Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Servizo de Publicacións e Intercambio Científico, 2008. – 369 p. ; 21 cm. – (Vocabularios temáticos ; 4). - D.L. C 2458-2008. – ISBN 978-84-9887-018-3 1.Medicina �������������������������������������������������������������������������veterinaria-Diccionarios�������������������������������������������������. 2.Galego (Lingua)-Glosarios, vocabularios, etc. políglotas. I.Lombardero Fernández, Matilde. II.Rodríguez Rio, Xusto A. coord. III. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Servizo de Normalización Lingüística, coord. IV.Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Servizo de Publicacións e Intercambio Científico, ed. V.Serie. 591.4(038)=699=60=20 Coordinador Xusto A. Rodríguez Río (Área de Terminoloxía. Servizo de Normalización Lingüística. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela) Autoras/res Matilde Lombardero Fernández (doutora en Veterinaria e profesora do Departamento de Anatomía e Produción Animal. -
Study Guide Medical Terminology by Thea Liza Batan About the Author
Study Guide Medical Terminology By Thea Liza Batan About the Author Thea Liza Batan earned a Master of Science in Nursing Administration in 2007 from Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio. She has worked as a staff nurse, nurse instructor, and level department head. She currently works as a simulation coordinator and a free- lance writer specializing in nursing and healthcare. All terms mentioned in this text that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Use of a term in this text shouldn’t be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Copyright © 2017 by Penn Foster, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to Copyright Permissions, Penn Foster, 925 Oak Street, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18515. Printed in the United States of America CONTENTS INSTRUCTIONS 1 READING ASSIGNMENTS 3 LESSON 1: THE FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY 5 LESSON 2: DIAGNOSIS, INTERVENTION, AND HUMAN BODY TERMS 28 LESSON 3: MUSCULOSKELETAL, CIRCULATORY, AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEM TERMS 44 LESSON 4: DIGESTIVE, URINARY, AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM TERMS 69 LESSON 5: INTEGUMENTARY, NERVOUS, AND ENDOCRINE S YSTEM TERMS 96 SELF-CHECK ANSWERS 134 © PENN FOSTER, INC. 2017 MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY PAGE III Contents INSTRUCTIONS INTRODUCTION Welcome to your course on medical terminology. You’re taking this course because you’re most likely interested in pursuing a health and science career, which entails proficiencyincommunicatingwithhealthcareprofessionalssuchasphysicians,nurses, or dentists. -
Lung, Epithelium – Degeneration
Lung, Epithelium – Degeneration Figure Legend: Figure 1 Lung, Epithelium, Bronchiole - Degeneration in a male B6C3F1/N mouse from a subchronic study. The epithelial cells in this bronchiole are sloughing into the lumen, but there is little inflammation. Figure 2 Lung, Epithelium, Bronchiole - Degeneration in a male B6C3F1/N mouse from a subchronic study (higher magnification of Figure 1). The epithelial cells are vacuolated and sloughing and have lost their cilia, but there is little necrotic debris or inflammation. Figure 3 Lung, Epithelium, Bronchiole - Degeneration in a male B6C3F1/N mouse from a subchronic study. The epithelial cells are sloughing into the lumen, and there are occasional pyknotic nuclei, but there is little necrotic debris or inflammation. Figure 4 Lung, Epithelium, Bronchiole - Degeneration in a male 1 Lung, Epithelium – Degeneration B6C3F1/N mouse from a subchronic study (higher magnification of Figure 3). The epithelial cells are vacuolated and sloughing, but there is little necrotic debris or inflammation. Comment: Degeneration (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4) and necrosis are considered to be parts of the continuum of cell damage, with degeneration representing reversible cell damage and necrosis representing irreversible cell damage. The light microscopic hallmarks of reversible cell damage (degeneration) include cellular swelling, cytoplasmic vacuolation, perinuclear clear spaces, formation of cytoplasmic blebs, loss of normal apical blebs from Clara cells, and loss of cilia. In some cases, detachment of viable cells from the epithelial surface and nuclear condensation (pyknosis) and cellular shrinkage of scattered cells within the epithelium, suggestive of imminent death of individual cells, may be interpreted as epithelial degeneration because it may be consistent with reversible damage to an epithelial surface and evidence of outright necrosis may be lacking. -
Fatal Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Immunocompetent Adult: a Case Report
MOJ Clinical & Medical Case Reports Case Report Open Access Fatal respiratory syncytial virus infection in immunocompetent adult: A case report Abstract Volume 9 Issue 6 - 2019 Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common pathogen that causes 1 2 acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children. However, very rarely, Mohamed Rida Tagajdid, Ahmed Guertite, RSV can induce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in immunocompetent adults. Safae Elkochri,1 Hicham Elannaz,1 Rachid Unluckily, optimal management has not been well-known for this eventually fatal condition. Abi,1 Hicham Bekkali,2 Idriss Lahlou Amine1 We report a case of fatal RSV-induced ARDS occurring in a previously healthy man. 1Department of Virology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Morocco Observation: A 42-year-old male was admitted to the Emergency Department with cough, 2Intensive Care Unit, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, dyspnea and fever. His previous clinical history showed no relevant disease. Pulmonary Morocco radiology revealed diffuse ground-glass opacities in both lung fields. Lab analysis revealed high inflammation markers, witness of infection. After 2 days, the patient developed ARDS, Correspondence: Mohamed Rida Tagajdid, Mohammed V we transferred it in the Intensive Care Unit. Microbiological investigation reported positivity Military Teaching Hospital, Morocco, Tel 00 212 6 42 90 71 77, of RSV PCR. Furthermore, the patient had a negative serology for HIV and normal T CD4+ Email lymphocyte counts. Despite treatment with Ribavirin and respiratory support, the patient died of pulmonary embolism. Received: November 13, 2019 | Published: November 27, 2019 Conclusion: Thus, RSV infection should be considered a possible though rare cause of ARDS in adulthood in particular when computed tomography (CT) chest find diffuse ground-glass opacities. -
Epithelium 2 : Glandular Epithelium Histology Laboratory -‐ Year 1, Fall Term Dr
Epithelium 2 : Glandular Epithelium Histology Laboratory -‐ Year 1, Fall Term Dr. Heather Yule ([email protected]) October 21, 2014 Slides for study: 75 (Salivary Gland), 355 (Pancreas Tail), 48 (Atrophic Mammary Gland), 49 (Active Mammary Gland) and 50 (Resting Mammary Gland) Electron micrographs for : study EM: Serous acinus in parotid gland EM: Mucous acinus in mixed salivary gland EM: Pancreatic acinar cell Main Objective: Understand key histological features of glandular epithelium and relate structure to function. Specific Objectives: 1. Describe key histological differences between endocrine and exocrine glands including their development. 2. Compare three modes of secretion in glands; holocrine, apocrine and merocrine. 3. Explain the functional significance of polarization of glandular epithelial cells. 4. Define the terms parenchyma, stroma, mucous acinus, serous acinus and serous a demilune and be able to them identify in glandular tissue. 5. Distinguish exocrine and endocrine pancreas. 6. Compare the histology of resting, lactating and postmenopausal mammary glands. Keywords: endocrine gland, exocrine gland, holocrine, apocrine, merocrine, polarity, parenchyma, stroma, acinus, myoepithelial cell, mucous gland, serous gland, mixed or seromucous gland, serous demilune, exocrine pancreas, endocrine pancreas (pancreatic islets), resting mammary gland, lactating mammary gland, postmenopausal mammary gland “This copy is made solely for your personal use for research, private study, education, parody, satire, criticism, or review -
Nasal Cavity Trachea Right Main (Primary) Bronchus Left Main (Primary) Bronchus Nostril Oral Cavity Pharynx Larynx Right Lung
Nasal cavity Oral cavity Nostril Pharynx Larynx Trachea Left main Right main (primary) (primary) bronchus bronchus Left lung Right lung Diaphragm © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 1 Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone Sphenoidal sinus Frontal sinus Posterior nasal aperture Nasal cavity • Nasal conchae (superior, Nasopharynx middle, and inferior) • Pharyngeal tonsil • Nasal meatuses (superior, middle, and inferior) • Opening of pharyngotympanic • Nasal vestibule tube • Nostril • Uvula Hard palate Oropharynx • Palatine tonsil Soft palate • Lingual tonsil Tongue Laryngopharynx Hyoid bone Larynx Esophagus • Epiglottis • Thyroid cartilage Trachea • Vocal fold • Cricoid cartilage (b) Detailed anatomy of the upper respiratory tract © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 2 Pharynx • Nasopharynx • Oropharynx • Laryngopharynx (a) Regions of the pharynx © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 3 Posterior Mucosa Esophagus Submucosa Trachealis Lumen of Seromucous muscle trachea gland in submucosa Hyaline cartilage Adventitia (a) Anterior © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 4 Intercostal muscle Rib Parietal pleura Lung Pleural cavity Trachea Visceral pleura Thymus Apex of lung Left superior lobe Right superior lobe Oblique Horizontal fissure fissure Right middle lobe Left inferior lobe Oblique fissure Right inferior lobe Heart (in pericardial cavity of mediastinum) Diaphragm Base of lung (a) Anterior view. The lungs flank mediastinal structures laterally. © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 5 Posterior Vertebra Esophagus (in posterior mediastinum) Root of lung at hilum Right lung • Left main bronchus Parietal pleura • Left pulmonary artery • Left pulmonary vein Visceral pleura Pleural cavity Left lung Thoracic wall Pulmonary trunk Pericardial membranes Heart (in mediastinum) Sternum Anterior mediastinum Anterior (b) Transverse section through the thorax, viewed from above © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 6 Alveolar duct Alveoli Respiratory bronchioles Alveolar duct Terminal bronchiole Alveolar sac (a) Diagrammatic view of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. -
GLOSSARY of MEDICAL and ANATOMICAL TERMS
GLOSSARY of MEDICAL and ANATOMICAL TERMS Abbreviations: • A. Arabic • abb. = abbreviation • c. circa = about • F. French • adj. adjective • G. Greek • Ge. German • cf. compare • L. Latin • dim. = diminutive • OF. Old French • ( ) plural form in brackets A-band abb. of anisotropic band G. anisos = unequal + tropos = turning; meaning having not equal properties in every direction; transverse bands in living skeletal muscle which rotate the plane of polarised light, cf. I-band. Abbé, Ernst. 1840-1905. German physicist; mathematical analysis of optics as a basis for constructing better microscopes; devised oil immersion lens; Abbé condenser. absorption L. absorbere = to suck up. acervulus L. = sand, gritty; brain sand (cf. psammoma body). acetylcholine an ester of choline found in many tissue, synapses & neuromuscular junctions, where it is a neural transmitter. acetylcholinesterase enzyme at motor end-plate responsible for rapid destruction of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter. acidophilic adj. L. acidus = sour + G. philein = to love; affinity for an acidic dye, such as eosin staining cytoplasmic proteins. acinus (-i) L. = a juicy berry, a grape; applied to small, rounded terminal secretory units of compound exocrine glands that have a small lumen (adj. acinar). acrosome G. akron = extremity + soma = body; head of spermatozoon. actin polymer protein filament found in the intracellular cytoskeleton, particularly in the thin (I-) bands of striated muscle. adenohypophysis G. ade = an acorn + hypophyses = an undergrowth; anterior lobe of hypophysis (cf. pituitary). adenoid G. " + -oeides = in form of; in the form of a gland, glandular; the pharyngeal tonsil. adipocyte L. adeps = fat (of an animal) + G. kytos = a container; cells responsible for storage and metabolism of lipids, found in white fat and brown fat. -
An Analysis of Benign Human Prostate Offers Insights Into the Mechanism
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN An analysis of benign human prostate ofers insights into the mechanism of apocrine secretion Received: 12 March 2018 Accepted: 22 February 2019 and the origin of prostasomes Published: xx xx xxxx Nigel J. Fullwood 1, Alan J. Lawlor2, Pierre L. Martin-Hirsch3, Shyam S. Matanhelia3 & Francis L. Martin 4 The structure and function of normal human prostate is still not fully understood. Herein, we concentrate on the diferent cell types present in normal prostate, describing some previously unreported types and provide evidence that prostasomes are primarily produced by apocrine secretion. Patients (n = 10) undergoing TURP were prospectively consented based on their having a low risk of harbouring CaP. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy was used to characterise cell types and modes of secretion. Zinc levels were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Although merocrine secretory cells were noted, the majority of secretory cells appear to be apocrine; for the frst time, we clearly show high-resolution images of the stages of aposome secretion in human prostate. We also report a previously undescribed type of epithelial cell and the frst ultrastructural image of wrapping cells in human prostate stroma. The zinc levels in the tissues examined were uniformly high and X-ray microanalysis detected zinc in merocrine cells but not in prostasomes. We conclude that a signifcant proportion of prostasomes, possibly the majority, are generated via apocrine secretion. This fnding provides an explanation as to why so many large proteins, without a signal peptide sequence, are present in the prostatic fuid. Tere are many complications associated with the prostate from middle age onwards, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa). -
Epithelium and Glands
EPITHELIUM AND GLANDS OBJECTIVES: After completing this exercise, students should be able to do the following: 1. Identify glands. 2. Classify glands based on secretory type. ASSIGNMENT FOR TODAY'S LABORATORY GLASS SLIDES SL 111 (Trachea) cilia and unicellular glands (goblet cells) SL 019 (Jejunum, PAS) unicellular glands SL 092 (Submandibular gland) serous, mucous and demilune secretory units SL 093 (Sublingual gland) mucous secretory units POSTED ELECTRON MICROGRAPHS # 7 Organelles # 11 Desmosomes # 12 Epithelium # 13 Freeze-fracture Lab 5 Posted EMs; Lab 5 Posted EMs with some yellow labels SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL: SUPPLEMENTARY ELECTRON MICROGRAPHS Rhodin, J. A.G., An Atlas of Histology. Glands pp. 46 - 52 Copies of this text are on reserve in the HSL. Glandular epithelium is specialized for the production and secretion of products. The cells that form glands are usually cuboidal or columnar in shape. In this exercise we are emphasizing morphological differences in glands with respect to secretory products. A. UNICELLULAR GLANDS: SL 111 (low, high), (Trachea, H&E); SL 019 (oil), (Jejunum, PAS), for review. Goblet cells may be few or numerous and are found in epithelia of the respiratory and alimentary systems. The secretory product is emptied into the lumen of the organ rather than into ducts (J. Fig. 4-18, 15-24; R. 5.38, Plate 60) B. MULTICELLULAR GLANDS: In general these glands are formed by invagination, proliferation, and differentiation of the epithelium from which they are derived. Glands that maintain a connection with the surface epithelium through ducts are termed exocrine glands, whereas glands that have lost this connection, and secrete instead to blood vessels, are called endocrine glands (see J. -
Exocrine Glands Ccasslassified Da Acco Rd Ing to
Glandular tissues Danil Hammoudi.MD A gland is an organ that synthesizes a substance for relfbthlease of substances such •as hormones • breast milk, •often into the bloodstream (endocrine gland) • into cavities inside the body or its outer surface (exocrine gland). Myoepithelial Cells • These are contractile cells that lie within the basal lamina in the secretory ppgortion of glands and intercalated ducts, which form the initial portion of the duct system. • They are instrumental in moving the secretions toward the excretory duct. Histologically, glands are described using some standard vocabulary, with which you should be familiar. exocrine / endocrine Destination of product: Nature of product: serous / mucous / mixed Location of gland: mucosal / submucosal Arrangement of secretory cells: acinus / tubule / cord Number of interconnected units: simple / compound intercalated / striated Duct function: secret/tory / excre tory Duct location: intralobular / interlobular / interlobar Tissue composition: parenchyma / stroma The endocrine system of humans Pineal gland Hypothalamus Posterior pituitary Anterior pituitary Thyroid Parathyroid Thymus Heart Liver Stomach and small intestine Pancreas Adrenal cortex Adrenal medulla Kidney Skin Silverthorn, Human Gonads Physiology, 3rd edition Figure 7-2 Duussgadsapoduoosctless glands that produce hormones Secretions include amino acids, proteins, glycoproteins, and steroids Endocrine Glands More numerous than endocrine glands Secrete their products onto body surfaces (skin) or into body cavities