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Vocabulario De Morfoloxía, Anatomía E Citoloxía Veterinaria

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Vocabulario de Morfoloxía, anatomía e citoloxía veterinaria (galego-español-inglés) Servizo de Normalización Lingüística Universidade de Santiago de Compostela COLECCIÓN VOCABULARIOS TEMÁTICOS N.º 4 SERVIZO DE NORMALIZACIÓN LINGÜÍSTICA Vocabulario de Morfoloxía, anatomía e citoloxía veterinaria (galego-español-inglés) 2008 UNIVERSIDADE DE SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA VOCABULARIO de morfoloxía, anatomía e citoloxía veterinaria : (galego-español- inglés) / coordinador Xusto A. Rodríguez Río, Servizo de Normalización Lingüística ; autores Matilde Lombardero Fernández ... [et al.]. – Santiago de Compostela : Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Servizo de Publicacións e Intercambio Científico, 2008. – 369 p. ; 21 cm. – (Vocabularios temáticos ; 4). - D.L. C 2458-2008. – ISBN 978-84-9887-018-3 1.Medicina �������������������������������������������������������������������������veterinaria-Diccionarios�������������������������������������������������. 2.Galego (Lingua)-Glosarios, vocabularios, etc. políglotas. I.Lombardero Fernández, Matilde. II.Rodríguez Rio, Xusto A. coord. III. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Servizo de Normalización Lingüística, coord. IV.Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Servizo de Publicacións e Intercambio Científico, ed. V.Serie. 591.4(038)=699=60=20 Coordinador Xusto A. Rodríguez Río (Área de Terminoloxía. Servizo de Normalización Lingüística. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela) Autoras/res Matilde Lombardero Fernández (doutora en Veterinaria e profesora do Departamento de Anatomía e Produción Animal. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela). Marcos Pérez López (doutor en Veterinaria e profesor do Departamento de Sanidad Animal. Universidad de Extremadura). Margarita Rico Gómez (doutora en Veterinaria e profesora do Departamento de Anatomía e Produción Animal. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela). Concepción Diéguez Diéguez (técnica lingüista. Reverso Servizos Lingüísticos) Xoán Antón Lado Lago (técnico lingüista. Reverso Servizos Lingüísticos) Nel Vidal Barral (técnico de normalización lingüística. Concello de Carballo) Xusto A. Rodríguez Río (Área de Terminoloxía. Servizo de Normalización Lingüística. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela) Subvenciona Consellaría do Medio Rural Edita Servizo de Publicacións e Intercambio Científico Campus universitario sur www.usc.es/spubl Imprime Imprenta Universitaria Campus universitario sur Dep. Leg.: C 2458-2008 ISBN 978-84-9887-018-3 Índice 7 Limiar 13 Táboa de materias 21 Abreviaturas empregadas 25 Vocabulario de morfoloxía, anatomía e citoloxía veterinaria 257 Índice de denominacións españolas 305 Índice de denominacións inglesas 349 Índice de denominacións latinas 365 Bibliografía Limiar O uso do galego como lingua de comunicación especializada ten unha historia moi diversa nas distintas disciplinas. Mentres que nalgunhas delas —matemáticas, física…— é unha realidade con poucas décadas de historia, noutras —como a construción, as vin- culadas aos ámbitos pesqueiro e agroforestal e, en xeral, todas as que tiñan presenza na sociedade galega tradicional— conta cunha tradición de séculos, polo menos nos niveis máis relacionados coa práctica profesional. A veterinaria pertence, sen dúbida ningunha, a este segundo blo- que. A importancia que a gandería tivo historicamente en Galicia obrigaba a describir as características morfolóxicas das distintas es- pecies animais, así como a atender e sandar as súas doenzas cando estas aparecían. Por iso existían figuras como os albeites (persoas que se dedicaban a curar doenzas animais sen ter unha titulación específica), e a medicina tradicional recollía unha gran cantidade de tratamentos dirixidos a curar a facenda. E tamén por iso no léxi- co patrimonial galego podemos atopar numerosos termos propios do ámbito da veterinaria. Pero a vitalidade do galego como vehículo comunicativo nos chan- zos máis divulgativos desta disciplina, ou na relación entre veteri- narios e clientes, non é só un feito do pasado. Hoxe en día segue a ser a lingua en que se desenvolven a maior parte dos intercambios de información que se realizan nestas situacións. Pola contra, nos seus niveis máis especializados e académicos, a presenza do galego é moi cativa. A escaseza de publicacións técni- cas e o seu mínimo uso como lingua vehicular na formación uni- versitaria provocan que sucesivas promocións de veterinarios (boa parte dos cales van desenvolver a súa actividade en Galicia) non estean capacitados para utilizar con calidade e precisión unha das dúas linguas oficiais do país no desenvolvemento do seu traballo. Na medida en que os termos técnicos son os elementos máis rele- vantes e visibles de calquera lingua especializada, agardamos que o Vocabulario que agora ten nas mans, e que se centra nas disci- plinas descritivas da ciencia veterinaria, poida axudar desde a súa modestia a solucionar algunhas das eivas que sinalamos. Así, os que se dedican profesionalmente ao exercicio da veterinaria poderán mellorar a calidade da comunicación que manteñen cos seus clientes, tanto porque poderán manexar un galego máis pre- ciso e correcto, como porque terán ferramentas para adquirir parte do léxico científico galego ao que non tiveron acceso durante a súa etapa formativa. E aqueles que están formando futuros veterinarios –e os futuros veterinarios por si mesmos– contarán cun recurso que lles facilitará a introdución do galego na práctica académica, de tal modo que o coñecemento da linguaxe especializada da veterinaria sexa un con- tido transversal máis que se integre de forma natural no proceso formativo dos que de aquí a poucos anos van ser os profesionais que exerzan en Galicia. Poñerlle o ramo a un traballo coma este non sería factible sen a axuda de moita xente; tanta que citar aquí os nomes de todos e cada un deles énos imposible. Por iso, queremos facer un recoñecemento xenérico á súa colaboración desinteresada: nós sabemos canto nos axudaron, e eles e elas saben que nós o sabemos. Pero aínda así, non podemos deixar de destacar a xenerosidade con que o equi- po investigador do proxecto Atlas Lingüístico Galego (Instituto da Lingua Galega. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela) atendeu e deu resposta aos nosos requirimentos de información, ata o punto de permitirnos consultar materiais inéditos que só verán a luz en vindeiros volumes do Atlas. E tamén nos axudou sen sabelo toda a xente que mantivo viva a lingua galega e que a transmitiu de xeración en xeración, especial- mente aqueles máis achegados a cada un de nós, os que nos ensina- ron a empregala, a valorala e a investir esforzos na súa promoción. Para eles, desde aquí, vai o noso recoñecemento. U U U Á hora de realizar as súas consultas teña en conta as indicacións que a seguir formulamos sobre a información recollida no Vocabu- lario e a forma en que se presenta. Deste xeito, poderá obter resul- tados moito máis axustados ás súas necesidades desde o primeiro momento. Estruturalmente, o traballo divídese en dous grandes bloques: a. o vocabulario propiamente dito, no que se recolle o corpus de entradas, numerado e ordenado alfabeticamente segundo a súa denominación galega. b. os índices remisivos, nos que se presenta unha listaxe alfa- bética de todos os equivalentes en cada unha das linguas de traballo (español, inglés e —cando é do caso— latín), indican- do o número da entrada galega a que corresponde, pois é alí onde se atopa toda a información sobre ela. O primeiro deles é a cerna deste traballo, e consta de dous tipos de entradas: 1. As ENTRADAS COMPLETAS son as que compilan e organi- zan toda a información sobre cada un dos conceptos estuda- dos no Vocabulario. Identifícanse cun número que permite remitir facilmente a elas desde calquera dos índices e encabézanse coa denomi- nación galega1 e a categoría gramatical desta. A continuación indícase a área temática a que pertence o concepto designa- do por esa denominación2, e unha liña despois preséntanse outros nomes galegos que remiten ao mesmo concepto, quer sinónimos (marcados como SIN.), quer variantes (marcadas como VAR.). Para estes, sinálase tamén a categoría gramati- cal e o nivel de lingua cando non coinciden cos da entrada. O seguinte bloque de información recolle e ordena os nomes empregados en español (es), inglés (en) e latín científico3 (la) para nomear ese mesmo concepto, separando con punto e coma os sinónimos en cada unha das linguas e ordenándoos alfabeticamente. Para rematar, no apartado Nota aparecen, cando o considera- mos relevante, informacións complementarias de tipo técnico ou lingüístico. 1 O nome galego destácase con tipografía negra e márcase en cursiva cando se trata dun estranxeirismo ou dun latinismo incorporado sen adaptación ningunha. 2 Vid. unha listaxe das empregadas na “Táboa de materias”. 3 Nesta categoría recóllense as denominacións latinas da Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria e da Nomina Embryologica Veterinaria. Por iso, só van aparecer de forma sistemática nas entradas pertencentes á macroárea “Anatomía”. A única interven- ción realizada sobre elas foi presentalas na súa forma singular cando nas fontes orixinais eran citadas en plural, para adaptalas á forma de presentación conven- cional nun dicionario ou vocabulario. 10 1896 papada f Morfoloxía: pescozo // Anatomía: pel SIN.- barbada; barbadela VAR.- papeira; papo (m) es papada en dewlap; double chin la palear Nota.- Designa a ‘pel que colga do pescozo dalgúns animais’. Cfr. con “barbada”. 2. As ENTRADAS REMISIVAS son aquelas que recollen unica- mente sinónimos ou variantes dunha “entrada completa” e teñen como misión principal redirixir
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  • Roles of Sigma-1 Receptors on Mitochondrial Functions Relevant to Neurodegenerative Diseases Tzu-Yu Weng1,2, Shang-Yi Anne Tsai1 and Tsung-Ping Su1*

    Roles of Sigma-1 Receptors on Mitochondrial Functions Relevant to Neurodegenerative Diseases Tzu-Yu Weng1,2, Shang-Yi Anne Tsai1 and Tsung-Ping Su1*

    Weng et al. Journal of Biomedical Science (2017) 24:74 DOI 10.1186/s12929-017-0380-6 REVIEW Open Access Roles of sigma-1 receptors on mitochondrial functions relevant to neurodegenerative diseases Tzu-Yu Weng1,2, Shang-Yi Anne Tsai1 and Tsung-Ping Su1* Abstract The sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) is a chaperone that resides mainly at the mitochondrion-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane (called the MAMs) and acts as a dynamic pluripotent modulator in living systems. At the MAM, the Sig-1R is known to play a role in regulating the Ca2+ signaling between ER and mitochondria and in maintaining the structural integrity of the MAM. The MAM serves as bridges between ER and mitochondria regulating multiple functions such as Ca2+ transfer, energy exchange, lipid synthesis and transports, and protein folding that are pivotal to cell survival and defense. Recently, emerging evidences indicate that the MAM is critical in maintaining neuronal homeostasis. Thus, given the specific localization of the Sig-1R at the MAM, we highlight and propose that the direct or indirect regulations of the Sig-1R on mitochondrial functions may relate to neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In addition, the promising use of Sig-1R ligands to rescue mitochondrial dysfunction-induced neurodegeneration is addressed. Keywords: Sigma-1 receptor, Mitochondria, Mitochondrion-associated ER membrane (MAM), Neurodegenerative disorders Background also regulates Ca2+ influx by attenuating the coupling of The sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) is an endoplasmic the ER Ca2+ sensor STIM1 to Orai1 [3].