Ibrahim Boubacar Keita
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Mali: Éviter L'escalade
MALI : EVITER L’ESCALADE Rapport Afrique N°189 – 18 juillet 2012 TABLE DES MATIERES SYNTHESE ET RECOMMANDATIONS ............................................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 II. LES DETOURS OPAQUES DE LA POLITIQUE NORDISTE D’ATT ..................... 2 A. REBELLIONS TOUAREG, PACTE NATIONAL ET ACCORDS D’ALGER ................................................ 2 B. IMPLANTATION DURABLE D’AQMI AU NORD-MALI ................................................................... 5 C. LE DERNIER AVATAR DE LA POLITIQUE SECURITAIRE D’ATT : LE PROGRAMME SPECIAL POUR LA PAIX, LA SECURITE ET LE DEVELOPPEMENT AU NORD-MALI ....................................................... 6 D. DU MNA AU MNLA : LA GESTATION D’UNE REBELLION ............................................................. 7 III. MAINTENANT OU JAMAIS ? LA RESURGENCE DE LA REBELLION ............. 9 A. LE FACTEUR LIBYEN : KADHAFI ET LE NORD-MALI ..................................................................... 9 B. LA MONTEE EN PUISSANCE DU MNLA ....................................................................................... 11 C. IYAD AG GHALI, SES AMBITIONS PERSONNELLES CONTRARIEES ET L’AGENDA ISLAMISTE .......... 12 IV. UNE DYNAMIQUE REBELLE ECLATEE ET VOLATILE.................................... 14 A. LA CAMPAGNE MILITAIRE FULGURANTE DES GROUPES ARMES DU NORD .................................... 14 B. LES EVENEMENTS D’AGUELHOC ET LES -
Adhésion 2019
Adhésion 2019 Archipel des Sciences vous invite à adhérer pour l’année 2019. La cotisation est de 30 €, 10 € pour les étudiants et 100 € pour les personnes morales. Vous avez désormais la possibilité d' adhérer en ligne sur le site d' Archipel des Sciences . Vous pouvez également télécharger le formulaire d’adhésion ici . Archipel des Sciences vous remercie de l’intérêt que vous porter à la culture scientifique, technique et industrielle. Demandez le catalogue ! Archipel des Sciences vous présente son catalogue d'outils pédagogiques et ses possibilités d'animations à destination du public scolaire. Depuis de nombreuses années, le Centre de Culture Scientifique, Technique et Industrielle (CCSTI) de Guadeloupe n'a cessé d'œuvrer dans le domaine de la culture scientifique. Les diverses thématiques qui sous- Le scientifique du mois Cheick Modibo Diarra Modibo Diarra est le fils d'un commis de l’administration coloniale ; ce dernier a quatre femmes et trois enfants. Après l'indépendance du Mali, il est déporté pour des motifs politiques. Le jeune Modibo grandit donc sans son père, où il alterne ses études à l'école et les travaux des champs. Il exerce plusieurs « petits métiers », comme vendeur de colliers dans la rue ou encore gérant de boîte de nuit. Après avoir obtenu son baccalauréat au Mali au lycée technique de Bamako, Modibo Diarra étudie les mathématiques, la physique et la mécanique analytique à Paris à l’université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie (grâce à une bourse), à l'École centrale, puis l’ingénierie aérospatiale aux États-Unis à l'université Howard (Washington D.C.). Débarqué en 1979, c'est par hasard qu'il intègre cette dernière université : plus jeune, Modibo s'était juré de ne jamais mettre les pieds dans l'Amérique de la ségrégation raciale. -
The Force of Action: Legitimizing the Coup in Bamako, Mali Bruce Whitehouse
● ● ● ● Africa Spectrum 2-3/2012: 93-110 The Force of Action: Legitimizing the Coup in Bamako, Mali Bruce Whitehouse Abstract: The coup d’état that occurred in Bamako in March 2012 brought a previously unknown army captain named Amadou Sanogo to power. This paper analyses Malian media reports to explore how Sanogo and his associ- ates sought to legitimize their takeover with reference to local conceptions of heroism, power and destiny, and how Sanogo’s public image resonated with time-honoured narratives about heroic figures in Malian culture. This case demonstrates that understanding religious worldviews is essential for understanding the workings of political power. Manuscript received 2 October 2012; accepted 7 October 2012 Keywords: Mali, coup d’état/military insurrection, political culture Bruce Whitehouse is an assistant professor of Anthropology at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, where he also teaches courses in global studies and Africana studies. From August 2011 until May 2012 he was a Fulbright Scholar in Bamako, Mali, where he lectured at the Université des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines de Bamako. 94 Bruce Whitehouse When a coup d’état toppled Mali’s President Amadou Toumani Touré two months before the end of his second and final term of office, the man who led the putsch became the object of intense scrutiny by Malians and outside observers alike. This young army officer achieved overnight celebrity status in Bamako in the early morning of 22 March, when in his initial appearance on Mali’s ORTM state television, wearing camouflage fatigues and a cap pulled low over his forehead, he hoarsely read a terse appeal for calm. -
La Lutte Pour L'azawad: MNLA Public Relations Responses to Conflict In
LA LUTTE POUR L’AZAWAD: MNLA PUBLIC RELATIONS RESPONSES TO CONFLICT IN NORTHERN MALI, 2011-2014 SEAN NEIL CURTIS Intelligence and National Security Studies Program APPROVED: Damien Van Puyvelde, Ph.D., Chair Larry Valero, Ph.D. Jean-Philippe Peltier, Ph.D. Charles Ambler, Ph.D. Dean of the Graduate School Copyright © by Sean Neil Curtis 2015 LA LUTTE POUR L’AZAWAD: MNLA PUBLIC RELATIONS RESPONSES TO CONFLICT IN NORTHERN MALI, 2011-2014 By SEAN NEIL CURTIS THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at El Paso in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Intelligence and National Security Studies Program THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL PASO May 2015 Acknowledgements Thank you to my thesis committee, the faculty and staff of the University of Texas at El Paso’s National Security Studies Institute, my parents, my friends, Steven Seagal, and Jean- Claude Van Damme for all of their help and support during my graduate education. Thank you to Dr. Gerard Prunier and his work which was my introduction to the world of African studies. iv Abstract This thesis examines the Internet public relations content of Mali’s Tuareg rebel group, the Mouvement National de la Liberation de l’Azawad (MNLA). Content analysis grounded in speech act securitization theory is applied to the 259 posts on the MNLA’s primary French language website in order to determine if MNLA website posts correlate with the events occurring in the northern Mali conflict. The data reveals that various characteristics of MNLA statements do correlate with events in the conflict. -
Are We Asking for Too Much from Mali?
Are we asking for too much from Mali? By Christos N Kyrou, Ph.D. As the French and Chadian troops are withdrawing from Mali, from the surface, one can be optimistic. The French troops within a few months only, through Operation Serval, together with Malian, Chadian and other nations’ troops, saved the south from Islamic extremists. Repelled them to the north, destroyed their hideouts there, and killed and captured them in great numbers. Now France and Chad claim their job is done and are withdrawing, leaving behind 1,000 French soldiers together with 6,300 UN sanctioned African Peacekeepers from Nigeria, Senegal, Burkina Faso, Niger, Togo, Benin, Ghana, and Guinea. In the meantime the European Union has begun training 2,000 more Malian troops for patrolling duty. The operation is supported and sponsored by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the European Union (EU) and other entities and it appears that logistically they are on top of the situation. In fact general elections are scheduled for as early as this coming July… What could possibly go wrong? First: Mali is a nation in fear, brought down to ruins. The United Nations (UN) Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said that, at minimum, another 11,200 troops might be needed to stabilize Mali. In the United States the assistant secretary of defense for special operations Michael Sheehan told the Senate Armed Services subcommittee that the ECOWAS force “isn't capable at all.[1]” But it doesn't take an expert. The people of Mali, especially in the north, are growingly nervous, if not desperate, as the French and Chadians withdraw.[2] Mali is left in ruins with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHRC) projecting for December 2013 up to 540,000 refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) only 230,000 of whom can hope for assistance by UNHCR. -
2016 Country Review
Mali 2016 Country Review http://www.countrywatch.com Table of Contents Chapter 1 1 Country Overview 1 Country Overview 2 Key Data 5 Mali 6 Africa 7 Chapter 2 9 Political Overview 9 History 10 Political Conditions 12 Political Risk Index 66 Political Stability 81 Freedom Rankings 96 Human Rights 108 Government Functions 110 Government Structure 111 Principal Government Officials 121 Leader Biography 122 Leader Biography 122 Foreign Relations 131 National Security 143 Defense Forces 154 Chapter 3 156 Economic Overview 156 Economic Overview 157 Nominal GDP and Components 159 Population and GDP Per Capita 160 Real GDP and Inflation 161 Government Spending and Taxation 162 Money Supply, Interest Rates and Unemployment 163 Foreign Trade and the Exchange Rate 164 Data in US Dollars 165 Energy Consumption and Production Standard Units 166 Energy Consumption and Production QUADS 167 World Energy Price Summary 168 CO2 Emissions 169 Agriculture Consumption and Production 170 World Agriculture Pricing Summary 172 Metals Consumption and Production 173 World Metals Pricing Summary 175 Economic Performance Index 176 Chapter 4 188 Investment Overview 188 Foreign Investment Climate 189 Foreign Investment Index 193 Corruption Perceptions Index 206 Competitiveness Ranking 217 Taxation 226 Stock Market 227 Partner Links 227 Chapter 5 229 Social Overview 229 People 230 Human Development Index 232 Life Satisfaction Index 236 Happy Planet Index 247 Status of Women 256 Global Gender Gap Index 259 Culture and Arts 268 Etiquette 268 Travel Information 269 Diseases/Health Data 280 Chapter 6 287 Environmental Overview 287 Environmental Issues 288 Environmental Policy 288 Greenhouse Gas Ranking 290 Global Environmental Snapshot 301 Global Environmental Concepts 312 International Environmental Agreements and Associations 326 Appendices 350 Bibliography 351 Mali Chapter 1 Country Overview Mali Review 2016 Page 1 of 363 pages Mali Country Overview MALI Located in western Africa, the landlocked Mali is one of the poorest countries in the world. -
EU State Building Contracts Early Lessons from the EU’S New Budget Support Instrument for Fragile States
February 2015 Report EU State Building Contracts Early lessons from the EU’s new budget support instrument for fragile states Myra Bernardi, Tom Hart and Gideon Rabinowitz • Early experiences in Mali and South Sudan reveal that the EU’s State Building Key Contracts (SBCs) have proved to be flexible instruments for rapid support to fragile states. There are, however, a number of areas for improvement. messages • There exists a design tension in the SBCs between supporting short-term stabilisation or crisis management, and longer-term state-building objectives. This can be resolved by clarifying objectives, and tailoring the instrument to the objectives. • Volatility is a key characteristic of fragile states, requiring closer and more frequent risk monitoring. Risk management can be improved by ensuring risks are monitored more holistically and regularly, and by adopting a wider definition of political risk. • The political economy of fragile states – especially fragmented authority within government – can hinder effective political dialogue around budget support. There needs to be sufficient broad buy-in by the partner country, or alternatively, verification that any triggers or indicators are within the control of the main dialogue partner. • Accompanying SBCs with technical assistance (or complementary support) is a positive step. Nevertheless, a more strategic and flexible approach, which links technical assistance to objectives and which is responsive to changing government requirements, could increase the impact of SBCs. Shaping policy for development developmentprogress.orgodi.org Acknowledgments We thank officials from the Governments of Mali and South Sudan; bilateral and multilateral agency representatives involved in Mali and South Sudan; and EU officials in Bamako, Brussels and Juba for giving their time for interviews during this study. -
The Executive Survey General Information and Guidelines
The Executive Survey General Information and Guidelines Dear Country Expert, In this section, we distinguish between the head of state (HOS) and the head of government (HOG). • The Head of State (HOS) is an individual or collective body that serves as the chief public representative of the country; his or her function could be purely ceremonial. • The Head of Government (HOG) is the chief officer(s) of the executive branch of government; the HOG may also be HOS, in which case the executive survey only pertains to the HOS. • The executive survey applies to the person who effectively holds these positions in practice. • The HOS/HOG pair will always include the effective ruler of the country, even if for a period this is the commander of foreign occupying forces. • The HOS and/or HOG must rule over a significant part of the country’s territory. • The HOS and/or HOG must be a resident of the country — governments in exile are not listed. • By implication, if you are considering a semi-sovereign territory, such as a colony or an annexed territory, the HOS and/or HOG will be a person located in the territory in question, not in the capital of the colonizing/annexing country. • Only HOSs and/or HOGs who stay in power for 100 consecutive days or more will be included in the surveys. • A country may go without a HOG but there will be no period listed with only a HOG and no HOS. • If a HOG also becomes HOS (interim or full), s/he is moved to the HOS list and removed from the HOG list for the duration of their tenure. -
Freedom to Innovate
Freedom to Innovate Biotechnology in Africa’s Development Report of the High-Level African Panel on Modern Biotechnology Freedom to Innovate Biotechnology in Africa’s Development Report of the High-Level African Panel on Modern Biotechnology Calestous Juma Ismail Serageldin Co-Chairs Amadou Tidiane • Ba Mpoko Bokanga • Abdallah Daar • Cheikh Modibo Diarra • Tewolde Egziabher • Lydia Makhubu • Dawn Mokhobo • Lewis Mughogho • Samuel Nzietchueng • George Sarpong • Cyrie Sendashonga • Ahmed Shembesh Panel Members African Union • Union Africaine New Partnership for Africa's Development August 2007 www.africa-union.org • www.nepadst.org © 2007, African Union (AU) and New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) NON-COMMERCIAL REPRODUCTION Information in this publication may be reproduced in part or in whole. We ask only that: • Users notify the NEPAD secretariat. • Users exercise due diligence in ensuring the accuracy of the materials reproduced. • The African Union (AU) and the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) be identified as the source. • The reproduction is not represented as an official version of the materials reproduced, nor as having been made in affiliation with or with the endorsement of the AU and NEPAD. COMMERCIAL REPRODUCTION Reproduction of multiple copies of materials in this publication, in whole or in part, for the purposes of commercial redistribution is prohibited except with written permission from the AU and NEPAD. To obtain permission to reproduce materials from this publication for commercial purposes, please contact the NEPAD secretariat at: [email protected]. SUGGESTED CITATION: “Juma, C. and Serageldin, I. (Lead Authors) (2007). ‘Freedom to Innovate: Biotechnology in Africa’s Development’, A report of the High-Level African Panel on Modern Biotechnology. -
What If the Sun Also Rises in the West… the New Global Dynamics 6, 7 and 8 July 2012 List of Confirmed Speakers – 3 July 2012
What if the Sun also Rises in the West… The New Global Dynamics 6, 7 and 8 July 2012 List of Confirmed Speakers – 3 July 2012 POSITIVE ANSWERS Ronny ABRAHAM – Judge, International Court of Justice Philippe AGHION – Professor, Harvard University Michel AGLIETTA – Scientific Advisor, CEPII Mani Shankar AIYAR – Member of the Council of States, India Hippolyte d’ALBIS – Best Young French Economist 2012 Yukiya AMANO – Director General, International Atomic Energy Agency Kym ANDERSON – Professor, University of Adelaide Masahiko AOKI – Professor, Stanford University Jean-Paul BAILLY – CEO, LE GROUPE LA POSTE Mustapha BAKKOURY – Chairman, Moroccan Agency for Solar Energy Patricia BARBIZET – CEO, Artemis Michel BARNIER – Commissioner, European Commission Dominic BARTON – Managing Director, McKinsey Roland BENABOU – Professor, Princeton University Jean BEUNARDEAU – CEO, HSBC France Pascal BLANQUÉ –Deputy CEO, Amundi Cornelius BOERSCH – Member of the Board of Directors, Mountain Partners Gaby BONNAND – Consultant in prospective and social protection, Mutual Insurance Company Jean-Marc BORELLO – CEO, Groupe SOS Claudio BORIO – Deputy Head of the Monetary and Economic Department, Bank for International Settlements Jocelyne BOURGON – President, Public Governance International Stephen BREYER – Justice, US Supreme Court Sylvie BRUNEL – Professor, University of Paris IV Paris-Sorbonne Markus BRUNNERMEIER – Professor, Princeton University Michael BURDA – Professor, Humboldt University in Berlin Bruno CERCLEY – CEO, Rossignol Dominique CERUTTI – Deputy -
Annuaire Statistique Du Mali 2016
ANNUAIRE STATISTIQUE DU MALI 2016 ANNUAIRE STATISTIQUE DU MALI SOMMAIRE PAGE SOMMAIRE I LISTE DES TABLEAUX II AVANT - PROPOS V LISTE DES SIGLES ET DEFINITIONS VI APERÇU GEOGRAPHIQUE VIII APERÇU HISTORIQUE X CLIMATOLOGIE - HYDROGRAPHIE 1 DÉMOGRAPHIE 6 SANTE 13 ENSEIGNEMENT 25 MAIN D’ŒUVRE 31 RESSOURCES ECONOMIQUES 36 ECHANGES ET MOYENS DE COMMUNICATION 48 COMPTES NATIONAUX 62 FINANCES PUBLIQUES 66 PRIX 72 ANNUAIRE STATISTIQUE DU MALI I Liste des tableaux (1) Titres Pages Tableau 1: Cumul pluviométrique (mm) par mois et par région pour l'année 2016 1 Tableau 2: Nombre de jour de pluie par mois et par région pour l'année 2016 2 Tableau 3: Moyenne des températures mensuelles (°C) des régions 3 Tableau 4: Moyenne des températures mensuelles (°C) des régions 4 Tableau 5: Moyenne des températures mensuelles en (°C) des régions 5 Tableau 6: Population par groupe d'age quinquennal et par sexe selon les régions de 2015 à 2016 7 Tableau 7: Evolution de quelques indicateurs démographiques de 2013 à 2016 12 Tableau 8: Extention des centres de santé communautaires (CSCOM) fonctionnels par région jusqu'au 31 Décembre 2016 14 Tableau 9: Situation du personnel de santé (ratio population/personnel) par région en 2016 15 Tableau 10: Répartition du nombre moyen de consultation prénatale (CPN) par région en 2016 16 Tableau 11: Activité de Planification Familiale en structure, tous niveaux (utilisation de services) en 2016 16 Tableau 12: Les indicateurs de surveillance (PFA) par région en 2016 17 Tableau 13: La situation de la rougeole par région en 2016 18 -
Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta
Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta Malí, Presidente de la República (2013-2020); primer ministro (1994-2000) Duración del mandato: 04 de Septiembre de 2013 - de de Nacimiento: Koutiala, región de Sikasso, 29 de Enero de 1945 Partido político: Reagrupamiento por Malí (RPM); anteriormente, del ADEMA-PASJ Profesión : Politólogo y consultor Resumen Las elecciones celebradas en Malí en julio y agosto de 2013, tras año y medio de gravísima crisis nacional, sentaron en la Presidencia de la República a Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta, veterano dirigente político que ya había intentado ganar el mandato en las votaciones de 2002 y 2007. El respetado Keïta, un experto en cuestiones del desarrollo y con buenas conexiones en el exterior, se distinguió en la oposición a la dictadura de Moussa Traoré (1968-1991) y luego fue uno de los pilares de la democracia maliense, a la que sirvió como cofundador del partido ADEMA, primer ministro (1994-2000) con el presidente Alpha Oumar Konaré y jefe de la Asamblea Nacional (2002-2007) con Amadou Toumani Touré. Desde 2001 lidera una formación, el RPM, orientada al centro-izquierda. A los ojos de la comunidad internacional y de la mayoría de sus paisanos, Keïta, llamado habitualmente IBK, con su reputación de hombre firme y a la vez pragmático, es la única figura capaz de asegurar la integridad de este empobrecido Estado del área sahelo-sahariana, que en enero de 2012 vio saltar por los aires dos décadas de estabilidad considerada modélica. La revuelta tuareg -la cuarta o quinta desde la independencia en 1960- en las vastas regiones desérticas del norte, el golpe del capitán Sanogo, que derrocó al presidente Touré, la proclamación por los rebeldes separatistas del Estado Independiente de Azawad y el auge espectacular de la subversión jihadista al socaire de todo lo anterior dibujaron un aciago escenario de guerra civil, usurpación castrense y partición territorial de facto que la intervención internacional por etapas, civil y militar, de los gobiernos de la región, de Francia y de la ONU pudo revertir en buena medida, aunque no del todo.