IIIHIIII IIIII USOO5506639A United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,506,639 Frazen Et Al
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IIIHIIII IIIII USOO5506639A United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,506,639 Frazen et al. (45) Date of Patent: Apr. 9, 1996 54 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EDTING 3,047,675 7/1962 Berryhill ..................................... 360/3 MOTION PICTURE FILMAND 3,378,328 4/1968 Custin .......... ... 352/31 SYNCHRONIZED SOUND 3,824,336 7/1974 Gould et al. ................................ 360/3 3,856,389 12/1974 Gardner ........... ... 352/31 76) Inventors: Nancy E. Frazen, 2020 Rosilla Pl, Los 4,208,108 6/1980 Amikura et al. ............................ 360/3 Angeles, Calif. 90046; Gary Jacobson, FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS 1248 S. Fairfax, Los Angeles, Calif. 90019; Roberto Santucci-Filho, 7027 9300608 1/1993 United Kingdom. Lakewood, #418, Los Angeles, Calif. Primary Examiner-Tommy P. Chin 90028; Rick Sparr, 28047 Renee Dr., Assistant Examiner-Khoi Truong Agoura Hills, Calif. 91301 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-LaRiviere, Grubman & Payne 21) Appl. No.: 57,934 57 ABSTRACT (22) Filed: May 7, 1993 Method and apparatus for applying encoded data on the balance stripe of sound track, the data for providing infor 51 Int. Cl. ... G03B 31/00 mation for editing an associated film without recording the (52) U.S. Cl. ................................... 352/31; 352/5; 352/12; data on the film. The present invention teaches an apparatus 352/15; 352/22; 352/25; 360/3; 360/13 for applying code for synchronizing sound on a single strip 58) Field of Search ..................................... 358/335,341, of the sound track with an associated film. The apparatus 358/311, 903, 345, 244, 214; 360/3, 13, includes a code box for generating the code, which relates 14.1, 14.2, 33.1, 48; 352/5, 12, 31, 16, the position of the film relative to the sound track. The code 17, 18, 19, 23, 24, 25; 348/512, 515 box is coupled to an editing flatbed for providing pulses related to the movement of the soundtrack. A sound module (56) References Cited is coupled to the code box for applying the code to the U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS balance stripe. 1,843,972 2/1932 Forest ........................................ 352/31 15 Claims, 16 Drawing Sheets 127------ 126 Monitor ------- -/-- - - - - - - - 125 T - - - Video-Recorder - - - - - 1 "Poyock 128 24 112 SSVinserter U.S. Patent Apr. 9, 1996 Sheet 1 of 16 5,506,639 -- 12 135 14 DVD D O D D O PRIOR ART FG. 2 U.S. Patent Apr. 9, 1996 Sheet 3 of 16 5,506,639 2^|\ U.S. Patent Apr. 9, 1996 Sheet 4 of 16 5,506,639 N s ---7--------10\u0W! 602 U.S. Patent Apr. 9, 1996 Sheet 6 of 16 5,506,639 VCR PULSE CN2O6 R7Ok 6.15 JACK OUT 1/4" PHONE 22uf U4:C 74HC14 4.7K U201: C 74HC14 C20 iGGPF CN202 U210 MIN DM 8 DS892 QUADRATURE DIVIDER F.C. 7B U.S. Patent Apr. 9, 1996 Sheet 7 of 16 5,506,639 U10 27128 AO 10 11 DO WCC A 9 D2 A2 D A3 7 D A4 6 D4 WSS A5 A6 4 c B ) A7 9 A8 25 O A9 24 A10 21 N At 25 5 As f C E 22 CS 20 27 : 1WFF U2: A 74HC00 2 ) U12 74HC138 RELAY EN BAS EN U.S. Patent Apr. 9, 1996 Sheet 8 of 16 5,506,639 74HC190 " OUAD/5 A F.C. 7D U.S. Patent Apr. 9, 1996 Sheet 10 of 16 5,506,639 VCR SQR 9 G> o VCR SQR BF UFF 74HC14 BAL SQR IG 12 BAL SQR BF FIG. 7F U.S. Patent Apr. 9, 1996 Sheet 11 of 16 5,506,639 U9 74HC22106 MD CP AO WSS A1 WCC RESET A5 5 A4 WCC d A5 OK 1OK WS e S2 VCR DR o QD A BF LL VCR SQR BF VCR PULSE V BAL SORE - QD BBF MP TC BF I QUAD/5 A 14 VCR SQR BF QUAD/5 B 13 BAL SORBF ACK O CNT R NL E 4: TC OUT 11 MP TC BF U27:D VCC Pl s TO SWITCH BOARD CN IDC14 U.S. Patent Apr. 9, 1996 Sheet 12 of 16 5,506,639 U15 74HC374 U2:D 74HCOO. 12 s 11 C 13 BAS EN F.C. 7H F6, AFG, 70FEF 7 KEY TO FC. 7 U.S. Patent Apr. 9, 1996 Sheet 14 of 16 5,506,639 U304: A 1N4005 N5532 R315 MP TCBF 'f D D301 -Mr I, D N4003 C307 PrsBAS OUWi R332 R322 D305 RELAY IN 26 king HEAD + -o- - REC OUTt HEAD - - -o REC- OUT w R323 -15 100 TR30 2N440 30 mg RMS RECORD RELAY EN WILL PUT 0.9W INTO A/D CONVERTER U.S. Patent Apr. 9, 1996 Sheet 15 of 16 5,506,639 CN301 5PENDIN S 5,506,639 1. 2 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EDITING Editing of film and track is typically conducted on flatbed MOTON PICTURE FILMAND film editing machines ("flatbeds'), which have been devel SYNCHRONIZED SOUND oped for a number of film formats, including the 35 mm format discussed elsewhere herein. Flatbeds are available in TECHNICAL FIELD several configurations, including those which are capable of running multiple film and multiple tracks simultaneously The present invention relates to method and apparatus for during editing. A flatbed typically includes at least one editing motion picture film with synchronized sound track. picture display, at least one speaker, reels and controls for More specifically, the present invention relates to method moving film and track at various speeds, transducers for and apparatus for editing a motion picture film with syn 10 reading information contained on film or track, as well as chronized sound track by using the balance stripe of a marking and cutting devices as required for movie editing. single-stripe magnetic track. One such well-known flatbed is the KEM machine. The present invention also relates to method and appara To facilitate film editing, code numbers are mechanically tus for applying, reading and/or erasing data from a balance imprinted every sixteen frames (i.e., one foot on 35 mm stripe of a single-stripe magnetic sound track. The present 5 movie film) along one edge of film by an editor after the film invention further relates to a system and method for editing has been developed. These same numbers are also mechani a sound track by generating coded data which is recorded on cally imprinted on the track, but only after the recorded a balance stripe for editing the sound track. The present sound has been transferred from 4 inch magnetic tape used invention also relates to codes used for editing of a motion during the filming process to a single-stripe magnetic track picture with synchronized sound. 20 (explained elsewhere herein) having perforations (“sprocket holes') corresponding to 35 mm film. The code numbers on BACKGROUND ART the magnetic track correspond to the numbers on the film in Film editing is a critical step in creating a motion picture the scene at precisely the same point. or television production. A principal consideration in editing Code numbers serve to identify a film's scene number. a sound motion picture production is synchronizing visual 25 When used during editing, code numbers indicate the dis images with their associated sound recording. When a scene tance from the previously recorded synchronization point as is filmed, two simultaneous processes are carried out. A an aid to the editor in finding proper locations for editing. A visual image is recorded on motion picture film ("film') by system of code numbers which is used substantially through a motion picture camera, and dialogue associated with the out the film industry is the code imprinted on film and track visual image is magnetically applied on sound track 30 by the Acmade(E) Coding machine, namely, Acmade(E) code. (“track'). Sound track recording is conducted independently Acmade(E) code has seven or eight characters. The first of filming, but generally contemporaneously therewith, and three digits of the Acmade(E) code are for scene numbers. A on separate recording apparatus. fourth digit is for characters A-E, M, W, P, 1 or blank, which As filming of each scene is begun, film cameras and sound can be used for identifying cameras, music, sound effects, recording apparatus are activated. A scene's place in a film 35 etc. Also, the fourth digit can be used to designate "wild' is recorded and maintained by the use of the well-known sound or "wild' tracks. A "wild' track is sound that is clapperboard (i.e., clapboard, clapsticks, markers, slates or recorded without corresponding picture (i.e., thoughts, sticks). A clapper board is used for: 1) visually recording a recall, off-screen dialog, background sound, etc.). The scene and take number (production company, director, date, 40 remaining four digits are for current footage in feet from a etc.) by writing the same (electronically, with chalk, etc.) on start mark. Acmade (E) code does not provide information for the clapper board (or any of several devices performing the individual frames and/or fractions thereof. A fuller descrip same function that are known in the art); 2) providing a tion of coding can be found in Balmuth, Bernard, "Intro precise visual synchronization point on a given scene's film; duction to Film Editing.” Focal Press, 1989, ISBN 0-240 and 3) providing a precise sound synchronization point on 45 51717-2. the same scene's track. The latter two functions are accom Before film editing can begin, synchronism between film plished simultaneously when the clapper of a clapper board and associated track must be initially achieved by matching is snapped shut.