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Home , Category 3 cable, Category 5 cable

Joannacel A. Paraiso

Coaxial cable -is a type of cable that has an inner conductor surrounded by a tubular insulating layer, surrounded by a tubular conducting shield. It is used as a for radio signals. Its applications include feedlines connecting radio transmitters and receivers with their antennas, () connections, and distributing signals. One advantage of coaxial over other types of radio transmission line is that in an ideal the electromagnetic field carrying the signal exists only in the space between the inner and outer conductors. This allows coaxial cable runs to be installed next to metal objects such as gutters without the power losses that occur in other types of transmission lines. Coaxial cable also provides protection of the signal from external electromagnetic interference. Types and their Applications: Hard Line Coaxial Cable

 Hard Line Coaxial Cable - often used for high signal strength applications, for example, in radio transmitters or other devices. Hard line is typically up to or more than half an inch thick. Those who need hard line for heavy duty signal transmission can find it in a variety of popular brands where manufacturers produce this kind of coaxial cable for specialized kinds of installations, with specific properties and capacity.

 RG6 Coaxial Cable - RG6 coaxial cable is one of the most familiar kinds of cable used for relaying cable TV and other signals. RG stands for “radio guide” and references the capacity of the cable. However, as consumer advocates have pointed out, an RG rating does not often accurately indicate the overall quality of the cable or the materials that it is made with. Since RG6 provides for High Definition signals, techs from cable companies are replacing a lot of RG5 cable with RG6 in the homes of clients. As the current standard, RG6 is a desirable cable rating for today’s home and commercial entertainment systems. RG6 comes in several varieties, some of which have more waterproofing for underwater or moisture prone areas of installation.  RG59 - This cable used to be what most people use d for their cable TV connection. However, modern signal requirements have made this cable less popular in the last few years. RG 59 has a smaller conductor than RG 6, which means that it can’t achieve the same signal quality as RG 6. The way its shielding is designed also means that it doesn’t keep Gigahertz level signals inside the conductor very well. RG 59 is good for lower frequency signals (anything under about 50 MHz). That makes it a good choice for a closed circuit television (CCTV) surveillance system.

 Radiating or leaky cable - another form of coaxial cable which is constructed in a similar fashion to hard line; however it is constructed with tuned slots cut into the shield. These slots are tuned to the specific RF wavelength of operation or tuned to a specific band. This type of cable is to provide a tuned bi-directional "desired" leakage effect between transmitter and receiver. It is often used in elevator shafts, US Navy Ships, underground transportation tunnels and in other areas where an antenna is not feasible. One example of this type of cable is Radiax (Andrew).

 Semi-Rigid Coaxial Cable - This type of coaxial cable has a harder shielding metal, and is less flexible and less versatile for installation. It may be useful in situations where cable does not have to snake around various obstacles.  Tri-axial Cable - This kind of extra strength cable has additional shield layer to discourage electromagnetic interference. This can be helpful in areas where the cable may be vulnerable to high strength electromagnetic forces.

 Twin-Axial Cable - This paired cable represents another alternative to conventional coaxial cable for a number of different types of installations.

UTP - Short for unshielded , a popular type of cable that consists of two unshielded wires twisted around each other. Due to its low cost, UTP cabling is used extensively for local-area networks (LANs) and connections. UTP cabling does not offer as high or as good protection from interference as coaxial or fiber optic cables, but it is less expensive and easier to work with.

Types and their Applications:

Category 1 cable - is typically telephone wire. This type of wire is not capable of supporting computer network traffic and is not twisted. It is also used by phone companies who provide ISDN, where the wiring between the customer's site and the phone company's network uses CAT 1 cable.

Category 2 cable- also known as Cat 2, or Level 2, is a grade of unshielded twisted pair cabling designed for telephone and data communications. The maximum frequency suitable for transmission over Cat 2 cable is 4 MHz, and the maximum bandwidth is 4Mbit/s.[1] Cat 2 cable contains 4 pair of wires, or eight wires total. This cable is frequently used on ARCnet and 4 Mbit/s networks, it is also used in telephone networks but it is no longer commonly used.

Category 3 cable- commonly known as Cat 3 or station wire, and less commonly known as VG or Voice-grade (as, for example, in 100BaseVG), is an unshielded twisted pair(UTP) cable used in telephone wiring. (Cat 5)- is a twisted pair cable for carrying signals. This type of cable is used in forcomputer networks such as . The cable standard provides performance of up to 100 MHz and is suitable for 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX (), and 1000BASE-T (). Cat 5 is also used to carry other signals such astelephony and video.

This cable is commonly connected using punch-down blocks and modular connectors.

CAT5E: CAT5E almost has same features as CAT5. It can manage a data transfer speed of 1gigabit to 10 gigabit over an Ethernet connection. It is best suited for providing protection from the electromagnetic interference.

Category 6 cable - CAT6 wire was originally designed to support gigabit Ethernet (although there are standards that will allow gigabit transmission over CAT5 wire, that's CAT 5e). It is similar to CAT5 wire, but contains a physical separator between the 4 pairs to further reduce electromagnetic interference. Cat 6 features more stringent specifications for and system noise. The cable standard provides performance of up to 250 MHz and is suitable for 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX (Fast Ethernet), 1000BASE-T/1000BASE-TX (Gigabit Ethernet) and 10GBASE-T (10- Gigabit Ethernet).[1]