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Volume 28 Number 3 July 2020 Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health The Navy and the 1918-19 Influenza Pandemic RY ME A DI IT C L I Roman Warfare, Ships and Medicine I N M E A N S A I S O S A C L I A Art, Trauma, and PTSI: An Interview with Dr Frank Ochberg A T R I T O S N U A IN C. The Journal of the Australasian Military Medicine Association C N . I U A N T S O I R T A A L I A C S O I S A S N A M E I N L I I C T I A D R E Y M Y ME AR D T IC I I IL N M E A N S A I S O S A C L I A A T R I T O S N U A IN C. Volume 28 Number 1 January 2020 Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health Volume 28 Number 2 April 2020 Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health Volume 28 Number 3 July 2020 Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health Warfare, Ships and Medicine: Prehistoric Origins RY ME A DI IT C L I Casualty Evacuation in the Australian Defence Force I N M E A N S A I S O S A C L I A Scaffolded Clinical Skills Development for Clinical Managers in the Royal Australian Navy A T R I T O S N U A IN C. The Journal of the Australasian Military Medicine Association Warfare, Ships and Medicine in Ancient Egypt and Greece RY ME A DI IT C L I Infection Prevention and Control Practices in the Deployed Military Field Hospital I N M E A N S A I S O S A C L I A Adjunct Activities for Mental Health Improvement for Veterans A T R I T O S N U A IN C. The Journal of the Australasian Military Medicine Association The Navy and the 1918-19 Influenza Pandemic RY ME A DI IT C L I Roman Warfare, Ships and Medicine I N M E A N S A I S O S A C L I A Art, Trauma, and PTSI: An Interview with Dr. Frank Ochberg A T R I T O S N U A IN C. The Journal of the Australasian Military Medicine Association Do you have an article of interest to our readers? The Journal of Military and Veteran’s Health is a peer reviewed quarterly publication published by the Australasian Military Medicine Association. Authors are invited to submit articles of relevance to the Editor for consideration for publication in the Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health (JMVH). See the JMVH website for Categories include: authors’ instructions and Original Research/Original Articles Biographies submit your article online at www.jmvh.org Short Communication History Review Articles Book Reviews Reprinted Articles Commentary Case Studies View from the Front Abstracts from the Literature Table of Contents Editorial ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������5 Original Articles The Navy and the 1918-19 Influenza Pandemic ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 Roman Warfare, Ships and Medicine ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 11 Effects of Linear Periodization Training on Performance Gains and Injury Prevention in a Garrisoned Military Unit 23 Review Articles Skill fade in Military Medical Training: A Literature Review of Supraglottic Airway use in the Prehospital Environment 35 Australian Defence Force’ Role in Regional Health Security: Missions Defined by Infectious Diseases ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 43 A View from the Front Art, Trauma, and PTSI: An Interview with Dr Frank Ochberg 50 Training War-Time General Surgeons in a Peace-Time ADF 55 A Short Communication Disparities in Cigarette Use and Heavy Episodic Drinking Among Older Veterans and Nonveterans ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 59 Cover Photo: Operation COVID-19 Assist Department of Defence, LACW Jacqueline Forrester Volume 28 Number 3; July 2020 Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health EDITORIAL BOARD CDRE Andrew Robertson CSC, PSM (Editor in Chief, JMVH) Associate Professor Martin Richardson (Deputy Editor) BRIG Anne Campbell CDRE Michael Dowsett Dr Helen Kelsall COL Prof Peter Leggat, AM Dr David Robertson Jason Watterson Australasian Military Medicine Association PATRON STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES MAJGEN Charles New The Australasian Military Medicine Association is Surgeon General Australian Defence Force Reserves an independent, professional scientific organisation of health professionals with the objectives of: COUNCIL • Promoting the study of military medicine • Bringing together those with an interest in President GPCAPT (Retd) military medicine Geoff Robinson, NSC • Disseminating knowledge of military medicine Vice President Dr Nader Abou-Seif • Publishing and distributing a journal in military medicine Secretary Dr Janet Scott • Promoting research in military medicine Treasurer CAPT Ian Young, AM Membership of the Association is open to doctors, Journal Editor Dr Andrew Robertson, CSC, PSM dentists, nurses, pharmacists, paramedics and anyone with a professional interest in any of the Council Members Dr Peter Hurly disciplines of military medicine The Association is OStJ, DSD, JCD totally independent of the Australian Defence Force Rachelle Bonner MAJ Brendan Wood CStJ, DSD RNZAMC Past President Dr Greg Mahoney Public Officer Ms Paula Leishman JMVH is published by the Australasian Military Medicine Association 227 Collins Street Hobart Tas 7000 Australia Ph: +61 3 62347844 Email: [email protected] ISSN No. 1835-1271 Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health Editorial COVID-19: THE MIDDLE GAME for the identification, tracking, tracing and isolation of people with the virus Broader societal measures In early January 2020, we all started to hear about are in place to prevent the introduction, seeding and an outbreak of acute respiratory illness in Wuhan spread of the virus, from quarantine and border City, China Within weeks, we were preparing for controls to restrictions on behaviour and gatherings, a pandemic, which first reached Australia in late and our state governments are moving to positions January 2020 By March, we were all dealing with the of relative safety The middle game is also the time first wave of this new disease as Australians returned for preparing for the next stage, as we continue to from overseas, many from international cruise ships build up our capacity and capability to react while Six months on, we are in the middle game, as Victoria we learn the hard lessons from around the world comes out of its second wave and New South Wales We even have a reasonable concept of the what the and Queensland get their outbreaks under control endgame might look like—herd immunity of some Australia looks very different to even nine months type, ideally from an effective vaccine However, ago—international borders are closed, interstate the endgame is undoubtedly not as definitive as a borders are tightly controlled and restrictions on checkmate, but hopefully less frustrating than a movement, mixing and mass gatherings vary from stalemate Our moves during the middle game in relative normality in certain states to full lockdown the next 9–12 months will be critical in determining in others States of emergency abound, and the the ultimate success or not of the endgame Military Australian Defence Force is assisting with everything health practitioners will continue to have a critical from border controls and hotel quarantine, through role in supporting the next steps of the middle game to operational planning and the delivery of health services in a range of settings As a Chief Health Our third issue of 2020 contains a diverse range Officer for one of the jurisdictions, the response to of articles from mental health and military medical the disease has been all-consuming Consequently, training through to infectious disease and naval I have had limited time to edit this journal and have history We continue to get a good range of articles been grateful for the deputy editor and associate However, other military and veterans’ health articles editors stepping in and taking up the slack, including are always very welcome, and we would encourage two excellent editorials all our readers to consider writing on their areas of military or veterans’ health interest We would In chess, the middle game is that portion of play particularly welcome papers based on our 2020 between the opening and the endgame Both conference theme, but encourage any articles across players have completed their starting game, and the broader spectrum of military health the positioning of most of their pieces, and the king has been brought to relative safety To use this Dr Andy Robertson, CSC, PSM analogy, we now have most of our pieces in place Commodore, RAN Editor-in-Chief Volume 28 Number 3; July 2020 Page 5 Y ME AR D T IC I I IL N M E A N S A I S O S A C L I A A T R I T O S N U A IN C. PREPARING FOR CONFLICT AND DISASTER 2020 AMMA VIRTUAL CONFERENCE COMING TO YOUR SCREEN 25-27 NOVEMBER 2020 www.amma.asn.au/amma2020 Page 6 Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health Original Article The Navy and the 1918-19 Influenza Pandemic G Swinden The world is currently combating the Coronavirus quarantine services intercepted 323 vessels, 174 of (COVID-19), which originated in China and has now which carried the infection Of the 81 510 people spread throughout the globe So far, Australia has who were checked, 1 102 were infected In a sign fortunately been spared the worst of the outbreak, of things to come the troopship Boonah, which had but this is not the first pandemic to reach our shores left England in October 1918, arrived in Western Australian waters in December with over 300