OREGANO OIL Oil Oregano Oregano Oil Is a Member of the Mint Family

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OREGANO OIL oil oregano Oregano oil is a member of the mint family. It is closely related to marjoram, even though the flavours can differ greatly. The wild variety of oregano bears the scientific (latin) name of Origanum vulgare. Oregano oil grows wild around the world, especially in the mountainous areas of Greece and Turkey, where the highest medicinal grade oregano is found. OREGANO Oil of oregano is produced from the leaves and flowers of wild Origanum vulgare picked at its peak, and distilled by a natural process that ensures the key medicinal actives are preserved. When shopping for natural oregano oil for your medicine chest, look for the following indicators of quality to ensure you are getting the best medicinal grade oregano oil: • Oil from certified organic, wild-crafted oregano (Origanum vulgare) • Carvacrol content between (minimum) 60% and 80% • Oil extracted using gentle steam distillation • The manufacturers’ guarantee of purity, from a company you trust – free from contaminants and toxins

• Oregano oil blended in a one-to-four ratio with organic, cold-pressed, mind il extra-virgin olive oil for improved absorption and consistency

PUBLISHING

ISBN 978-0-9782797-8-3

32012 OCT12

$8.99 OREGANO il

Contents

Healing Oregano Oil 7

The Science Behind Oregano’s Power 12

Choosing the Right Oregano Oil 14 Tips for Using Oregano Oil Safely & Effectively 16

Oregano’s Healing Powers 17 Action Against “Germs” 17 Bacteria 18 Viruses 19 Fungi 20 Protozoa 21 Research 22

How Oregano Oil Fights Invaders 23

Oregano Oil Uses: Head to Toe 26 How to Use Oregano Oil 26 Internal Use 27 External Use 28 Acne & Dermatitis 29 Athlete’s Foot & Nail Fungus 30 Bug Bites & Wounds 31 Burns 31 Candida albicans & Vaginitis 32 Dandruff 33 Digestive Difficulties 34 Ear Infections/Earaches 35 Headache 35 Itching, Poison Oak & Poison Ivy 36 Laryngitis 37 Muscle Aches & Pain 37 Oral Hygiene 38 Respiratory & Sinus Health 38 Ringworm 40 Shingles 40 Warts & Plantar Warts 41

Oregano Oil for Prevention 42 Household Uses 43 Food Safety 44 Summary 45

References 46 Flickr Color line Healing Oregano Oil

The Healing Herb: What it Is, and What it Isn’t Oregano is a member of the mint family. It is closely related to marjoram, even though the flavours can differ greatly. The wild variety of oregano bears the scientific (Latin) name of Origanum vulgare. Although oregano is known as a common ingredient in foods around the world, surprisingly more is used in perfumes than is consumed. The oregano used to produce oregano oil for healing purposes is not the same as what we generally call oregano and you won’t find it in the spice section of your local grocery store. Origanum vulgare identifies the potent healing form of this herb. Many other “origanum” varieties exist and are used for cooking, as decorative plants or for their aroma. These include Golden oregano, Greek, Italian and Kaliteri oregano (meaning best in Greek). What we ordinarily see in a grocery store may be any one of these varieties or it may even be a type of marjoram, a herb with a similar aromatic smell, but a milder flavour than oregano.

7 Another oregano “imposter” is Mexican sage, also used on pizza or in spaghetti sauces, etc. There are more than 30 species of oregano and only a few have been proven to have real medicinal value. Some oregano species are toxic and poisonous, and some “oregano oil” may not contain any truly medicinal herb, so it is very important to be sure you are buying quality oregano oil from a trusted manufacturer of natural products. Oregano grows wild around the world, especially in the mountainous areas of Greece and Turkey, where the highest medicinal grade oregano is found. Medicinal oregano is rich in minerals as well as vitamin C, vitamin A and niacin. Oregano oil is produced from the leaves and flowers of wild Origanum vulgare picked at its peak, and distilled by a natural process that ensures the key medicinal actives are preserved. It takes a lot of oregano to distill a small amount of oil – in fact about 1,000 pounds would be needed to make one pound of oil. This is why superior medicinal quality oregano oil is quite expensive. However it is also very potent and a little goes a long way as a natural remedy or treatment, making this healing herb a good investment.

8 Joy of the Greeks The Greeks were the first to record the use of oregano and they credited Aphrodite, the goddess of love, with creating it, with the purpose of bringing joy to mankind. The word “oregano” is from two Greek words — oras, which means “mountain”, and ganos, “joy”—basically naming oregano “joy of the mountains”. Ancient Greek physicians prescribed oregano for infections, wounds, headaches, respiratory disorders, seizures, snakebite and other forms of poisoning. Wreaths of oregano were used to crown brides and bridegrooms to bring blessings on their wedding celebrations. Oregano was also left upon a grave to bring peace to the departed. Hippocrates used oregano as an antiseptic, as well as for the treatment of stomach pains and respiratory problems. The Romans took a liking to oregano when they found it being used in Greece, and they made it their own, adding its flavour to foods and even wine. It was also discovered that it could prevent food spoilage. Use of oregano and its oil then spread throughout Europe and North Africa. The Chinese recognized oregano as a medicinal herb and traditional Chinese healers recommended it for fever, jaundice, vomiting, diarrhea, and skin irritations. It was used as a germ killer and food preserver throughout the Middle East. Elsewhere, Paracelsus, an alchemist and medical teacher of the 15th century, reportedly used wild oregano to treat conditions

9 ranging from diarrhea and vomiting, to jaundice, psoriasis and fungal conditions. Flavourful spices were rare and valuable during the Middle Ages and oregano became popular as a food flavouring. According to reports from these times, people would chew oregano leaves and considered them a treatment or cure for rheumatism, coughs, indigestion, and dental infections. In later years oregano was added to snuff, put in sachets to freshen linens and used in the making of perfumes.

About Phenols Phenols are chemical compounds quite commonly found in nature. Cloves, vanilla bean and mint plants get their taste and odour from phenols. Phenols are also found as amino acids in proteins, hormones like adrenaline, the “poison” secreted by poison ivy, and the thymol and carvacrol found in oregano oil. Chemically a phenol is similar to an alcohol but more soluble in water and with a higher boiling point. Phenols are found naturally in decaying organic matter like rotting plant material or coal. They were first found in coal tar and coal was the main source of phenol until the First World War. Today all phenol used in industry is synthetic and it is used for thousands of industrial cleaners, disinfectants and as a raw material for everything from aspirin to explosives to wood preservatives. Man-made phenols are used in synthetic fibres and in adhesive compounds for many

10 manufacturing applications. Like the natural phenols in many plants, synthetic phenol is a powerful disinfectant and bacteria killer, but it is highly corrosive and can be toxic. Phenols burn skin and can cause internal damage if inhaled. Phenol- containing products should be used with care. Synthetic phenol is quite toxic, while the natural phenols of oregano are valuable for healing and health. The phenols (primarily carvacrol) in oregano oil, even when diluted, can destroy Candida albicans, Aspergillus mold, Staphylococcus, Campylobacter, Klebsiella, E. coli, Giardia, Pseudomonas, and Proteus. Thymol, boosts the immune system and both of these act as antioxidants helping to prevent further tissue damage during healing.

11 The Science Behind Oregano’s Power

Interest in oregano oil by the scientific community is not new. In 1910, W. H. Martindale studied oregano oil for its antiseptic capacity and found it was 26 times more active than the then- common antiseptic phenol, also called carbolic acid. In 1918 Cavel, a French scientist, studied meat stock cultured in septic tank water. He found that Thyme oil and Oregano oil in very small amounts were able to destroy and prevent the development of microbes. Later, at an International Congress of Phytotherapy and Aromatherapy in 1977, another French doctor named Belaiche introduced an Oregano Index using oregano oil as the control substance to compare the anti-bacterial action of various materials. He conducted significant research on oregano oil and other essential oils, finding oregano oil to be a nearly ideal anti-bacterial agent, both for its ability to kill bacteria and to inhibit their growth.

12 By measuring the two key constituents of oregano oil, carvacrol and thymol, which are both potent natural phenols, Belaiche and his colleagues developed a standard for oregano oil to ensure consistent therapeutic results. They analyzed oregano oils from various countries (Spain, Morocco, Italy, and Albania) and determined that the most therapeutic oregano oil is especially high in carvacrol. In 1992, two researchers at the University of Bologna, Italy (Caccioni and Guizzardi) studied the fungicidal effects of essential oils on harvested fruits and vegetables. They found that oregano oil’s carvacrol inhibited spore development in fruits and vegetables even when used in very small amounts. The protective and curative properties of oregano oil continue to be investigated by modern researchers. As a result, our awareness of its traditional uses, as a cure for stomach aches and coughs, is being expanded, as science identifies oregano oil’s full potential.

13 Choosing the Right Oregano Oil

As the word of oregano oil’s health benefits spreads, more and more people are seeking out the best natural products containing this healing oil. But what do they look for?

Source The Latin botanical name for wild Mediterranean oregano is Origanum vulgare. This is the species that grows wild in the mountains of Greece, Turkey and Crete. The oil from the leaf of this herb is obtained through a steam distillation process that gently pulls the oil from the leaf without overheating or damag- ing the subtle herbal compounds. The pure oil is very strong and must be blended with a carrier oil – usually organic olive oil or coconut oil – before packaging for consumers. Organic oregano oil, in a base of organic olive oil, is what you will find in better oregano oil preparations.

14 Active Ingredients Carvacrol is the primary indicator of an oregano oil’s potency. While many different preparations can be made from pure oregano oil, a blend containing between 20% to 80% carvacrol is often recommended for both safety and ease of use. Any greater potency and you could experience adverse effects without further dilution. Thymol should be present as well but thymol content will be about 5%, considerably less than carvacrol in a therapeutic oil. Please note that synthetic carvacrol is a poisonous substance found in disinfectants and cleaners like PineSol® and Lysol®. They have germicidal properties but are NOT for human consumption. When shopping for natural oregano oil for your medicine chest, look for these indicators of quality to ensure you are getting the best medicinal grade oregano oil. You want: -- Oil from certified organic, wild-crafted oregano (Origanum vulgare) -- Carvacrol content between 25% and 80% -- About 5% thymol content -- Oil extracted using gentle steam distillation -- The manufacturer’s guarantee of purity, from a company you trust – free from contaminants and toxins -- Oil blended in a one-to-four ratio with organic, cold-pressed, extra-virgin olive oil for improved absorption and consistency

15 Tips for Using Oregano Oil Safely & Effectively

• Always test a small amount of the mixture for sensitivity or allergic reaction. • Dilute with extra virgin olive oil or coconut oil for topical use. • Oregano oil (diluted, not pure) may be applied directly to unbroken skin. • Do NOT use pure oregano oil on open sores, delicate skin or mucous membranes (mouth, genitals, nasal passages, etc.) • Not recommended for use on children (unless well diluted) as they may get it in their eyes or mouth. • If you are under a doctor’s care, or taking multiple medications, consult a physician. • Oregano oil has no known side effects. • If you experience a rash or irritation, discontinue use. • Do not use if pregnant or breastfeeding.

16 Oregano’s Healing Powers

Through thousands of years of practical use, and with modern scientific research backing up what many people already knew, oregano oil has taken its place as a trusted, effective natural treatment against bacteria, viruses, fungus and even parasites. Its antiseptic power makes it useful for a vast range of healing requirements and, as one of nature’s most potent antioxidant substances, oregano oil has further applications than were previously known. Without claiming that oregano oil is a “cure-all”, many natural health experts encourage its use for a wide range of common ailments, injuries and for immune system support.

Action Against “Germs” Oregano oil has been tested for its ability to overcome toxins, bacteria and other micro-organisms that are destructive to human health. It is an incredibly efficient “bug killer” and, according to research, destructive microbes do not build up resistance to oregano oil as they often do to pharmaceutical treatments. 17 What ARE Germs? What we call germs are actually pathogens – living agents that cause disease or illness – and they include four basic types of organisms that invade other living things: bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi. Very few natural or synthetic agents exist that can neutralize or kill all of these invaders. Oregano oil does. It is a potent germ killer that can be used to: -- treat or prevent infections -- strengthen immunity -- treat fungi, including athlete’s foot -- improve skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis -- neutralize worms, amoebas, and protozoa -- kill harmful viruses, fungi, bacteria, and parasites.

Bacteria Although there are “friendly” bacteria in our bodies, like the ones that help us digest our food, there are a vast number of destructive bacteria, called pathogens. Bacteria are tiny, one-cell organisms that can reproduce inside or outside of the human body, and they survive by taking nutrients from whatever environment they are in. Bacteria can cause infections from mild sore throats to pneumonia and fatal illnesses. “Famous” deadly bacteria include Mycobacterium tuberculosis (cause of tuberculosis), Clostridium (different species cause botulism and tetanus), Yersinia pestis (cause of bubonic plague),

18 Vibrio cholera (cause of cholera) and Staphylococcus aureus which can cause mild to deadly infections – from pimples to pneumonia.

Viruses A virus is not the same as bacteria. While bacteria are small, a virus is 10,000 times SMALLER than most bacteria! A virus’ sole purpose is to reproduce and once it finds a suitable host cell it attaches to the surface of the cell, or is pulled into the cell where it releases its genetic material and shuts down normal cell processes. The cell stops making the proteins it usually makes and starts making viral proteins instead. The virus uses the cell’s energy and materials to make copies of the original virus, clones that fill the host cell until it ruptures, releasing the viruses to infect nearby cells. This is why viruses can be so deadly. Pharmaceutical antibiotics kill bacteria, but not viruses. The best way to prevent and handle viral infections is by naturally supporting your immune system. Viruses can be merely troublesome, or they can be deadly, causing influenza, HIV (Aids), rabies, ebola, smallpox, swine flu, chicken pox, measles and many other diseases.

19 Fungi Fungi are plant-like multi-celled organisms, including yeasts, that don’t have chlorophyll (like other plants) and therefore they cannot make their own food from soil, water, and air. There are more than 100,000 types of fungi and many are useful, like edible mushrooms, the yeast used to make breads or the fungi that turn soil into compost. Fungi live off dead tissue, but sometimes they “eat” live organisms and tissue, as is the case in destructive or pathogenic fungi. They grow in damp, warm places, and cause conditions such as athlete’s foot, ringworm or allergies. Some fungi can cause serious diseases in humans, several of which may be fatal if untreated, and people with weakened immune systems are especially susceptible to fungal infections. One common example of a destructive fungus is Candida, a fungal/yeast infection that is difficult to kill and can invade almost any part of the body if the immune system is not strong. The thymol and carvacrol in oregano oil are responsible for its antimicrobial and antifungal effects. A test tube study demon- strated that oregano oil, and carvacrol in particular, inhibited the growth of Candida albicans far more effectively than the common antifungal agent calcium magnesium caprylate.

20 Protozoa The name Protozoa comes from the Greek “proto” meaning first and zoa“ ” meaning animals. They are single-celled microorganisms that are an important food source for other tiny animals. They are more complex than bacteria and while many protozoa benefit man by feeding on bacteria, others are parasitic and cause serious illnesses. There are many types of parasitic protozoa that can infest the body from contaminated food or water, or due to bites from infected insects or animals. Giardia, malaria and “sleeping sickness” are just some of the more dangerous parasitic diseases caused by protozoa. Excessive reliance on antibiotics has contributed to the development of more and more “super bugs”, germs that have become resistant to common medical preparations. This is all the more reason to ensure you have a strong immune system and to find and use natural alternatives for treatment of infections. Oregano oil is an excellent ally to have in your medicine chest.

21 Research In his book, The Cure is in the Cupboard, Dr. Cass Ingram tells of how oregano oil saved his life after he was infected by a blood borne fungus from an intravenous needle. He suggests that oregano oil is nature’s most powerful and versatile antiseptic and he lists more than 170 conditions for which the oil may be useful, including bacterial infections, athlete’s foot, psoriasis, eczema, worms, amoebae, and protozoa. Other research on oregano oil is found in a number of studies and publications: -- Jean Valnet, in The Practice of Aromatherapy, describes how oregano oil is capable of sterilizing sewage. -- The International Journal of Food Microbiology published a study that showed oregano oil to be an excellent germicide, killing a wide range of fungi and bacteria. -- According to the Journal of Applied Nutrition, oregano oil is highly effective against Candida albicans. -- Researchers in Mexico determined that it has strong anti-parasitic action, especially against Giardia. -- An article published in Phytotherapy Research describes how oregano oil was more effective than anti-inflammatory drugs in reversing pain and inflammation, and is nearly as powerful as morphine as a painkiller. Also refer to the references section at the end of this book.

22 How Oregano Oil Fights Invaders

Oregano oil contains natural compounds that combat bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic infections. It can be used for ailments ranging from athlete’s foot to food poisoning. As we have mentioned, compounds carvacrol and thymol are the key actives in oregano oil and compose about 90% of the pure oil. They have antioxidant, antimicrobial and antifungal power, while other compounds support this action and offer their own nutritional benefits. Flavonoids, vitamin A and vitamin C and other nutrients are found in this herbal healer and oregano contains a wealth of minerals including calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, potassium, copper, boron, and manganese. Studies confirm that oregano oil also possesses a number of antioxidant constituents. Antioxidants are nutrients that can neutralize free radicals. Free radical molecules “steal” electrons

23 from other molecules and this action, called oxidation, has been shown to speed aging and is a factor in many non-optimum health conditions. A study published in 2001 evaluating the antioxidant power of culinary and medicinal herbs placed Origanum vulgare among the herbs with the highest antioxidant activity, scoring higher than many fruits, berries, and vegetables, and even higher than even vitamin E. Increasing dietary intake of antioxidant nutrients is key to overall health protection and is especially important for reducing risks for heart disease. Rosmarinic acid in particular, and other phenolic constituents in oregano oil give it powerful antioxidant action. Rosmarinic acid also gives oregano oil most of its anti-inflammatory action. This can help reduce inflammation related to allergies and other respiratory tract disorders such as coughs, asthma, croup, and bronchitis. Oregano oil’s effectiveness in treating acne, insect and spider bites, canker sores, gum disease, toothaches, psoriasis, seborrhea, ringworm, rosacea, and muscle pain, is probably due to its anti-inflammatory action. Some research suggests that oxygen molecules in oregano oil react with water in your body to create heat that kills germs by dehydrating them. Additionally, the natural phenols in oregano oil have a corrosive action against invading bacterial and viral cells, disrupting the cell wall, allowing leakage of cellular contents to make the cell non-functional and so it dies. Natural compounds can also alter the molecular structure of bacterial proteins, destroying the cell from within.

24 Oregano oil can be used as a topical oil, usually diluted with olive or coconut oil. However, many natural health care practi- tioners also recommend internal use. Depending on the illness or condition a combination of internal and external use may be advised. For internal use, a few drops of the oil can be mixed into juice or warm water to be ingested. Or a drop of diluted oregano oil can be put under the tongue and allowed to be absorbed. Oregano oil capsules are also available. In its pure state oregano oil is very potent and has the potential to be toxic if too much is taken internally. Never put pure oregano oil directly on mucous membranes as it can burn. Read labels and follow package instructions carefully and do not exceed recommended dosages. If you have extensive health problems, or are using a variety of medications, consult your health care practitioner before use. You can use oregano oil to turn regular liquid hand soap into an antibacterial soap. Simply add 10 to 20 drops of oregano oil to your soap dispenser and mix well. Always rinse your hands after washing and avoid touching your eyes.

25 Oregano Oil Uses: Head to Toe

Oregano oil is an antiseptic, anti-microbial powerhouse and as such it has an almost infinite number of uses around the home, at school, or the office. Be sure to have a bottle in the car and at the cottage too!

How to Use Oil of Oregano While Mediterranean oregano is a herb, the oil is highly concentrated and should be used with appropriate caution. As a phenolic substance it can be toxic if used to excess or undiluted. For your safety please read this section to ensure you use oregano oil correctly. With proper use it is a wonderful natural ally for overall health and can be used safely to treat a wide range of conditions.

26 Allergies: Use with caution if you are allergic to the lamiaceae family (including basil, sage, mint, hyssop, lavender, thyme, rosemary and other herbs). Contraindications: The effects of oregano oil may include blood thinning so you should consult a health care practitioner before using if you are on blood-thinning medications, or are using aspirin, or NSAIDs regularly to thin the blood. Avoid sensitive skin: Do NOT get this product in your eyes or nose and avoid contact with genital areas. If a rash or irritation occurs, discontinue use. Do not use if pregnant or breastfeeding and keep out of reach of children.

Internal Use For daily oral use, place 1 to 5 drops of oregano oil under the tongue and hold it there for 5 to 10 seconds for sublingual absorption. You can then follow with a drink of water or juice. If you don’t like the taste you can add a 1 to 5 drops to a glass of water, milk or any kind of juice and drink it to increase your immune support or fight an infection. You can also add drops into soups, sauces or stews. Even a few drops on a salad where the herbal aroma and flavour may be well hidden. Oregano Oil capsules are also available for internal use.

27 Prevention: Start with the lowest dosage to determine your body’s reaction to oregano oil. Mix 1 to 5 drops with water, milk or juice and take it each day for two weeks. Many experts recommend that you stop taking oregano oil for two weeks, then repeat the two-weeks-on, two-weeks-off regimen. Treatment: If you are fighting an existing bacterial, viral or parasitic condition, take 1 to 5 drops up to 3 times each day sublingually or with water, milk or juice.

External Use Choose an oregano oil that contains about 30 to 40% carvacrol. The oil you choose should already be blended in a 4 to 1 ratio with organic olive oil. If you purchase a pure oregano oil you will have to dilute it (about 20 to 1) with olive or coconut oil. You can further dilute your oregano oil with olive oil or coconut oil for topical application. For topical use always test a small area of skin before using extensively. Diluted oregano oil can be applied directly to itches and infections of the skin, toothache or gum inflammation, and other wounds or injuries. See more details on the following pages. These are the overall methods of use for oregano oil. As with any potent natural medicinal product, use oregano oil with respect and enjoy the health benefits it can provide.

28 Acne & Dermatitis Oregano oil has been used to treat acne, psoriasis and eczema. It can be used diluted or as it comes from the bottle (check your label). Dermatitis is a general name given to any inflammation of the skin. Often the terms dermatitis and eczema are used interchangeably. Eczema can be caused by a number of things such as stress, fatigue, and nutrient deficiency, which may allow environmental or internal irritants to cause skin dis- comfort and various skin conditions. Oregano oil is a natural antiseptic and antibiotic. It can lower the bacteria level on the skin without causing drying, redness or peeling. However, you should test a small patch of skin before using diluted oregano oil broadly, to determine sensitivity. Internal: Mix 1 to 5 drops in milk, water or juice and drink 1 to 3 times daily. Or put a few drops (diluted) under the tongue and let it sit there for 10 to 15 seconds, followed with a drink of water or juice. External: Apply it directly to affected spots once or twice a day. It may burn or sting as it attacks the infection and the area may redden. This should stop within 10 minutes or less. Do not touch the treated area with your fingers as you may accidentally put oregano oil in your eyes. You can also add 10 drops to ¼ cup of warm water and wash affected areas morning and night with a clean 100% cotton ball or pad, then pat until very dry. Regular use of oregano oil provides antiseptic support for healing the skin from acne or

29 other conditions. Do not mix with, or use with pharmaceutical or over-the-counter medications without first consulting your health care practitioner.

Athlete’s Foot & Nail Fungus Athlete’s foot is a tinea infection, one that thrives in an environment that is warm and moist. The fungus lives off the dead skin cells and calluses of the feet, especially between the toes. It is very common in gyms and in swimming pools and locker rooms. Symptoms can range from simple peeling of skin, to deep cracking and severe itching and inflammation. Nail fungus includes two main types. Paronychia is an infection that develops along the edge of the fingernail or toenail. Fungal infections under the nails can cause the nail to rise off the nail bed and cause swelling of the nail bed and discolouration of the nail. Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail that results in thickening, roughness, and splitting of the nails. It can lead to a complete destruction of the nail. All of these infections may respond to regular use of oregano oil. Apply it twice a day to affected areas. Take care to use oregano oil diluted with olive or coconut oil if the skin is broken. More concentrated oregano oil can be used directly on nail fungus and internal use may help improve this systemic fungal infection, that is often difficult to kill. External: Apply directly to affected areas twice daily or more.

30 Internal: Mix 1 to 5 drops in milk, water or juice and drink 1 to 3 times daily. Or put a few drops (diluted) under the tongue and let it sit there for 10 to 15 seconds, followed with a drink of water or juice.

Bug Bites & Wounds You can use diluted oregano oil on insect bites, eczema, psoriasis, or for poison ivy/oak or to relieve itching. External: Using a diluted oil, especially for any open wound or sore, apply directly to affected areas.

Burns The skin is the body’s largest organ. First-degree burns involve the surface of the skin. They cause mild pain, redness, dry skin, and swelling. No blisters form and healing usually occurs without scarring in 2 to 3 days. An example would be a typical sunburn. Second-degree burns involve deeper layers of the skin, including the dermis. Skin functions are lost, blisters form, pain and swelling are present and healing can take a week to 10 days with possible scarring. Third-degree burns destroy both the epidermis and dermis. Skin functions are lost, there is no pain in the immediate area of the burn due to destruction of nerve endings, but there may

31 be extreme pain in surrounding tissue. Regeneration of the skin following a third-degree burn is slow and may require skin grafts, leaving an obvious scar. Oregano Oil can be used diluted on first and second degree burns. It is a natural antiseptic and antibiotic and can lower the bacteria level on the skin without drying. On any raw or open skin test a small patch with diluted oregano oil, before treating the complete area, to determine sensitivity. External: Mix 10 drops of oil in ¼-½ cup of warm water and gently wash affected areas morning and night with a clean 100% cotton ball or pad, then pat until very dry. For a healing salve, mix 10 drops of oregano oil with 3 ounces raw unpasteur- ized honey. Apply gently. Regular use of oregano oil provides antiseptic support for healing. Use directly on damaged skin only in diluted form and after testing for possible irritation.

Candida Albicans & Vaginitis Candida albicans is a fungus that is normally present in nearly everyone. It can live on the skin and in mucous membranes such as the vagina, mouth, or rectum. The fungus can multiply, move through the blood stream and affect the throat, intestines, and even the valves of the heart. Candida albicans becomes a problem when some change in the body’s environment allows it to grow out of control. The

32 use of antibiotics can destroy beneficial, as well as harmful, microorganisms in the body, permitting candida to multiply in their place. This condition is known as Candidiasis moniliasis, or a “yeast” infection. Candidiasis moniliasis is called thrush when it grows in the mouth, vaginitis when it occurs in the vagina and “jock itch” in men. It can appear as a red, inflamed, and sometimes scaly rash on the skin, such as diaper rash. Candida can also cause nail fungus and deformation. In rare instances, when the immune system is weak, Candida albicans can enter the bloodstream and causes serious infection of vital organs. Internal: Candida and other yeast/fungal infections are systemic – that is they can become established throughout the body making them difficult to eradicate. Oral use of oregano oil (1 to 5 drops under the tongue, 3 times a day) must be main- tained for two weeks for best results. External: Do not apply undiluted oregano oil to genital areas. It can burn. Mix 2 to 5 drops of oregano oil with warm water and soak a soft cloth in the mixture – ensure it is well blended. The cloth may be applied to affected areas.

Dandruff Dandruff is caused by a fungus and as such may respond well to oregano oil treatment. External: Mix (thoroughly) about 8 ounces of your favourite shampoo with 10 to 20 drops of oregano oil. Shampoo normally

33 letting the shampoo stay on your hair for a few minutes before rinsing. Do NOT let it get in your eyes. For extreme dandruff or scalp conditions mix 5 drops of oregano oil with several tablespoons of olive oil and leave on the scalp for 15 minutes before shampooing it off. Discontinue if you experience a severe burning sensation, as that would indicate open sores.

Digestive Difficulties One of oregano oil’s best known uses has been to relieve digestive problems and gastrointestinal infections. As we have discussed, oregano oil is a powerful ally against bacteria, viruses, fungus and parasites. It stimulates the flow of bile, which greatly aids digestion. Diarrhea is in general caused by bacterial infection and responds well to internal use of oregano oil. Even chronic stomach disorders, such as those caused by Helicobacter pylori (which can cause stomach pain, ulcers, heartburn and bloat- ing), can be eased or eliminated by taking oregano oil sublingually or in capsules. Internal: Mix 1 to 5 drops in milk, water or juice and drink 1 to 3 times daily. Or put a few drops (diluted) under the tongue and let it sit there for 10 to 15 seconds, followed with a drink of water or juice. Start with a few drops per day to determine your body’s reaction.

34 Ear Infections/Earaches Approximately 75 percent of all children suffer from ear infections in their early years. There are two types of ear infections, otitis externa (external) and otitis media (middle). Swimmer’s ear, also known as otitis externa, affects the outer ear and can include symptoms such as slight fever, discharge, and pain. A middle ear infection, behind the eardrum, is very common in infants and children. Bacteria or viral invaders can cause inflammation and fluid build up, causing pressure, earache, high fever, and sharp, throbbing pain. Internal: Put a few drops (diluted) under the tongue and let it sit there for 10 to 15 seconds. External: For otitis externa, mix 1 or 2 drops of oregano oil in 1 /8 cup of warm olive oil. Drop a small amount gently into the ear, tilting the head to one side for a minute. Use a small cotton ball or swab, gently, to absorb the oil. Repeat until improved.

Headache There are multiple reasons a person gets headaches. If you have echronic or severe headaches, consult a health care practitioner. However, muscle tension, reactions to certain foods and toxic action of molds (in foods like cheeses and nuts or in the environment) can contribute to headaches. Inhaling the vapours of oregano oil and massaging it into pressure points on the skull or neck area, can help ease a headache.

35 Internal: Mix 1 to 4 drops in milk, water or juice and drink 1 to 3 times daily. Or put a few drops (diluted) under the tongue and let it sit there for 10 to 15 seconds, followed with a drink of water or juice. Start with a few drops per day to determine your body’s reaction. External: Rub the oil on tender spots and pressure points (temples, base of skull, neck muscles). You can also inhale the vapours by adding a few drops to a pot of very hot water then draping a towel over your head and over the pot. If you have to go out, put a few drops of oregano oil onto a handkerchief and take it with you to inhale the vapours for headache relief.

Itching, Poison Oak & Poison Ivy Skin irritations that cause itching can be soothed and healed with oregano oil. Avoid breaking the skin by scratching and do not use on children if they are likely to scratch and get the oregano oil on their fingers, as it might get into their eyes. External: Mix a few drops of oregano oil with liquid soap and use it to wash the area. Repeat as needed.

36 Laryngitis Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx, usually caused by microorganisms, which can be viral or bacterial. Streptococcus infection causes so-called “strep throat”. It can also occur at the same time as other infections such as urinary tract infections. Internal: As with other respiratory conditions, laryngitis may respond to sublingual (under the tongue) use of oregano oil. A sore throat is best treated by gargling with hot salty water to which a few drops of oregano oil have been added. External: Rubbing oregano oil on the chest or throat, or heat- ing water with oregano oil and inhaling the vapours, can help kill bacteria and ease the throat.

Muscle Aches & Pain Over-exertion or sudden straining can cause muscles to become inflamed and tender. Oregano oil can help ease sore muscles. Internal: Mix 1 to 5 drops in milk, water or juice and drink 1 to 3 times daily. Or put a few drops (diluted) under the tongue and let it sit there for 10 to 15 seconds, followed with a drink of water or juice. External: Rub the oil on aching muscles and sore joints to reduce inflammation and pain.

37 Oral Hygiene The mouth is a breeding ground for germs and these can cause foul breath, tooth decay and general poor health as bacteria and viruses are permitted to enter the body. Oregano oil can improve breath, help heal cankers and prevent plaque buildup on teeth that can lead to Gingivitis (inflammation of the gums). Because too much oregano oil taken internally could be toxic, any oral use should be approached with care. Treatment: Put a drop of diluted oregano oil on your toothbrush and use it twice a day to fight oral bacterial infections. Such controlled use, with good dental hygiene and a balanced diet can increase immune support and reduce risk of mouth and throat infections. Put directly on an aching tooth it may also relieve toothache.

Respiratory & Sinus Health The vapours of oregano oil, and taking the oil internally, are much touted as treatment for coughs and congestion. Putting a drop under the nose can help clear sinuses and the oil can also be added to a humidifier or vapourizer for nighttime support. Sinusitis is an inflammation of the nasal sinuses. The most common cause of sinusitis is a viral upper respiratory infection, although bacteria, fungi, and allergic reactions may also be

38 responsible. Any factor that creates swelling of the nasal tissues, resulting in obstruction and the lack of proper drainage of the area, can lead to a sinus infection. Chronic sinusitis is most common in people with allergies, and dental infections. Oregano Oil can improve or eliminate: -- respiratory congestion -- allergic reactions -- sinus problems -- difficulty breathing -- coughs due to whooping cough or bronchitis Internal: Mix 1 to 5 drops in milk, water or juice and drink 1 to 3 times daily. Or put a few drops (diluted) under the tongue and let it sit there for 10 to 15 seconds, followed with a drink of water or juice. External: You can improve respiratory conditions with external use of oregano oil, diluted with olive oil, by rubbing it on the chest or throat and inhaling the vapour. You can also add it to a humidifier or vapourizer for inhalation. An even simpler method is to add a few drops to a pot of very hot water; drape a towel over your head and over the pot and inhale the vapours. Put a few drops of oregano oil onto a handkerchief and take it with you when you have a cold or congestion. Inhale vapours from the cloth at work or school.

39 Ringworm Ringworm, a fungus also known as a tinea infection, is an infection that occurs on the skin or scalp. It is characterized by the appearance of small red spots that increase in size to approximately ¼ inch in diameter. Ringworm can be extremely itchy and uncomfortable. External: As with other fungal infections you can apply diluted oregano oil directly onto affected areas, twice daily. Stop use if irritation occurs.

Shingles This painful and debilitating illness is caused by the herpes virus that causes chicken pox. You can only get shingles if you have had chicken pox. The virus never leaves the body and at some point a weakened immune system may permit it to be “re-awakened”, perhaps due to environmental stress or trauma, use of medications (particularly cortisone) or poor nutrition. Big fluid filled blisters appear on reddened skin, most commonly around the stomach and abdominal area or on the face. Shingles is a very painful disease since the virus affects the nerve cells in the body. It travels along the path of the nerves and causes a very painful and itchy rash. Internal: To kill the viral infection and boost immunity oral use is recommended. Put 2 to 5 drops under the tongue 3 times a day.

40 External: Because oregano oil can penetrate the skin, it can be used topically to treat an area affected by shingles. Rub it on gently several times a day.

Warts & Plantar Warts Warts are small growths caused by human papilloma viruses (HPV). Although warts may occur at any age, they are most common in older children and are rarely seen in the elderly. Warts can be found anywhere on the body, but are common on the hands, fingers, elbows, forearms, knees, faces, and skin around the nails. Plantar warts are found on the soles of the feet and also on the underside of the toes. They are characterized by white raised growths that resemble calluses and interrupt the natural “foot- print.” They can be tender to touch and may bleed if scraped or trimmed. External: Apply oregano oil directly to the wart and cover with a bandage. Add more oil and replace the bandage every day until it is gone. This could take about 1 to 2 weeks.

41 Oregano Oil for Prevention

The transmission of “germs” can occur in many ways: from one person to another, from an animal to a person, or from touching anything that has been touched by an infected person. Fungi and parasites are all around us and once they find a host they can be very difficult to eradicate. So prevention is as important as treatment when it comes to infections. Hygiene has two primary definitions: 1. The science of health and its maintenance; a system of prin- ciples for preservation of health and prevention of disease 2. Sanitary practices; cleanliness It comes from the Greek word meaning “the art of health” and oregano oil may have been one of the first natural “hygiene” products used. The multitude of potential infections, food poisoning, viruses, flu bugs and parasites make it more important than ever to build up your defenses and maintain excellent personal hygiene.

42 Cleansing For day to day protection from infections add oregano oil to liquid soap and wash your hands frequently. You can take a bottle to the office or school. We have discussed using oregano oil to boost the medicinal value of your shampoo, but you can also add a few drops to your bath or put some on the floor of the shower to create health- enhancing vapours. Bad breath, body odour and foot odour can be prevented with regular use of oregano oil. Add a drop to your toothbrush, take it under the tongue daily and rub onto feet before bed (cover- ing with socks) to reduce the microbial infections that can cause bad odours.

Household Uses This unique oil is, by its nature, a solvent but unlike harsh chemical “phenols” in commercial cleaning products, oregano oil doesn’t damage wood, laminates, porcelain, or other surfaces to be cleaned, or your hands! And the vapours of oregano oil aren’t toxic either, and provide natural air freshening! Here is a powerful antiseptic “cleaner” that is safe for use around food. Use a damp cloth with a few drops of oil to wipe down counters, clean the baby’s room or wipe up food spill to prevent growth of bacteria. Can be added to household products for cleaning and disinfecting.

43 Food Safety Even the best fresh fruits and vegetables can carry bacteria. Washing them thoroughly with a few drops of oregano oil can reduce risk of infection. Of course poultry, seafood and meat products can also harbour unhealthy microbes and parasites. Oil of oregano has been shown to prevent bacterial growth on meats and can be rubbed onto food before cooking. Add a few drops to any salad for both flavour and sanitation.

“Clearing the Air” Why buy expensive, perfumey air fresheners when you can put some oregano oil into water in a spray bottle and freshen the whole house for pennies! Besides adding a fresh scent you will be reducing the germ count in your home.

44 Summary

Once you have tried using oregano oil I’m sure you will find more and more ways it can help soothe, heal and protect you and your family. Choose a product prepared by a reputable Canadian manufacturer and follow the label directions. You can start to enjoy better health right away with this potent natural ally in your medicine cabinet.

Dr. Joyce Tellier Johnson

45 References

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46 Nostro, A., et al, Effects of oregano, carvacrol and thymol on Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms, J Med Micro, Apr; 56(Pt4):519-23, 2007 Lopez, P., et al, Vapor-phase activities of cinnamon, thyme, oregano essential oils and key constituents against food borne microorganisms, J Agri Food Chem, May 30; 55(11):4348-56, 2007 Botsoglou, N.A., et al, Antioxidant activity of dietary oregano essential oil and alpha- tocopheryl acetate supplementation in long-term frozen turkey meat, J Agri Food Chem, May 7; 51(10):2930-6, 2003 Manohar, V., et al, Antifungal activities of origanum oil against Candida albicans, Mol Cell Bioichem, Dec; 228(1-2):111-7, 2001