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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,383,154 B2 Bar-Shalom Et Al

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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,383,154 B2 Bar-Shalom Et Al USOO8383154B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,383,154 B2 Bar-Shalom et al. (45) Date of Patent: Feb. 26, 2013 (54) SWELLABLE DOSAGE FORM COMPRISING W W 2.3. A. 3. 2. GELLAN GUMI WO WOO1,76610 10, 2001 WO WOO2,46571 A2 6, 2002 (75) Inventors: Daniel Bar-Shalom, Kokkedal (DK); WO WO O2/49571 A2 6, 2002 Lillian Slot, Virum (DK); Gina Fischer, WO WO 03/043638 A1 5, 2003 yerlosea (DK), Pernille Heyrup WO WO 2004/096906 A1 11, 2004 Hemmingsen, Bagsvaerd (DK) WO WO 2005/007074 1, 2005 WO WO 2005/007074 A 1, 2005 (73) Assignee: Egalet A/S, Vaerlose (DK) OTHER PUBLICATIONS (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 JECFA, “Gellangum”. FNP 52 Addendum 4 (1996).* U.S.C. 154(b) by 1259 days. JECFA, “Talc”, FNP 52 Addendum 1 (1992).* Alterna LLC, “ElixSure, Allergy Formula', description and label (21) Appl. No.: 111596,123 directions, online (Feb. 6, 2007). Hagerström, H., “Polymer gels as pharmaceutical dosage forms'. (22) PCT Filed: May 11, 2005 comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala dissertations from the faculty of pharmacy, vol. 293 Uppsala (2003). (86). PCT No.: PCT/DK2OOS/OOO317 Lin, “Gellan Gum', U.S. Food and Drug Administration, www. inchem.org, online (Jan. 17, 2005). S371 (c)(1), Miyazaki, S., et al., “In situ-gelling gellan formulations as vehicles (2), (4) Date: Aug. 14, 2007 for oral drug delivery”. J. Control Release, vol. 60, pp. 287-295 (1999). (87) PCT Pub. No.: WO2005/107713 Rowe, Raymond C. et al., “Handbook of Pharmaceutical PCT Pub. Date: Nov. 17, 2005 Excipients'. Pharmaceutical Press, Fourth Edition, 2003, pp. 257 258. (65) Prior Publication Data “Gellan Gum Wins IFT's Food Technology Industrial Achievement US 2008/O299.199 A1 Dec. 4, 2008 Award.” Food Technology, Institute of Food Technologists, vol. 47. No. 9, Sep. 1, 1993, pp. 94-96. (30) Foreign Application Priority Data Monsanto, “Kelcogel Gellan Gum.” Kelcogel, 1998. Bar-Shalom et al., “Opportunities and obstacles in Pediatric Oral May 11, 2004 (DK) ................................. 2004 OO755 Controlled Release Dosage Forms.” Parvulet Poster, Online, Oct. 28. 2004. (51) Int. Cl. A6 IK 47/36 (2006.01) * cited by examiner A6 IK 47/38 (2006.01) A6 IK 47/32 (2006.01) A6 IK 47/02 (2006.01) Primary Examiner – Walter Webb A6 IK9/00 (2006.01) (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Foley & Lardner LLP (52) U.S. Cl. ........................................ 424/485; 426/573 (58) Field of Classification Search .................. 424/464, 424/473 (57) ABSTRACT See application file for complete search history. A novel dosage form. The dosage form is presented in par ticulate form and before oral ingestion the particulate mate (56) References Cited rial is subjected to an aqueous medium, whereby it is con Verted to a semi-solid form by Swelling or gelling of one or U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS more of the components, especially of a gellan gum, of the 4,590,075 A 5, 1986 Wei et al. 4,824,681 A 4, 1989 Schobel et al. particulate matter. The invention also relates to a vehicle for 4,882,169 A 11, 1989 Ventouras oral administration of one or more active Substances, the 4,994.260 A 2f1991 Kallstrand et al. vehicle comprising a gellan gum arranged in a configuration 5,126,151 A 6, 1992 Bodor et al. allowing optimal water diffusion so that upon addition of a 6,102.254. A 8, 2000 ROSS predetermined amount of an aqueous medium, without the 6,395.298 B1* 5/2002 Flanagan et al. .............. 424/479 6,488.962 B1 12/2002 Berner et al. necessity of applying shear forces or other mixing forces, 6,709,678 B2 3, 2004 Gruber within a time period of 5 minutes or less swells and/or gels 2003/0232082 A1* 12/2003 Li et al. ......................... 424/473 and the texture of the swelled vehicle being similar to that of 2004/O247675 A1 12, 2004 Gruber et al. a soft pudding and having a viscosity of at least about 10,000 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS cps as measured by a Brookfield Viscometer with a #4 LV spindle at 6 rpm and at 20-25°C. In one embodiment of the EP O272220 6, 1993 EP 1371 360 B1 12/2003 invention, the particulate matter can be molded into a desired JP 11-187827 7, 1999 shape or pressed onto a dispensing unit such as a spoon. JP 2004-97114 4/2004 WO WO92f1 1084 7, 1992 WO WO97/38679 A2 10, 1997 106 Claims, 10 Drawing Sheets U.S. Patent Feb. 26, 2013 Sheet 1 of 10 US 8,383,154 B2 U.S. Patent Feb. 26, 2013 Sheet 2 of 10 US 8,383,154 B2 Dissolution of 200 mg Paracetamol parvulet 120 - - - -0-61% coated 100 Paracetamol -- 200 mg Paracetamol 80 parvulet -A-200 mg Paracetamol ?a parvulet SSo 60 -X-200 mg Paracetamol 40 parvulet -- 200 mg Paracetamol parvulet 20 -e-200 mg Paracetamol parvulet O - O 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 time min Fig. 2 U.S. Patent Feb. 26, 2013 Sheet 3 of 10 US 8,383,154 B2 U.S. Patent Feb. 26, 2013 Sheet 4 of 10 US 8,383,154 B2 jeg Fig. 4 U.S. Patent Feb. 26, 2013 Sheet 5 of 10 US 8,383,154 B2 U.S. Patent Feb. 26, 2013 Sheet 6 of 10 US 8,383,154 B2 U.S. Patent Feb. 26, 2013 Sheet 7 of 10 US 8,383,154 B2 Fig. 7 U.S. Patent Feb. 26, 2013 Sheet 8 of 10 US 8,383,154 B2 cifs i sts' Ea 8 X Š s 3.s; : 3. : : S8. 8 3. Fig. 8 U.S. Patent Feb. 26, 2013 Sheet 9 of 10 US 8,383,154 B2 20 - 100 8 O --Wessel 1 -H-Wessel 2 -A-Wessel 3 re-vessel 4 --vesses se-Wessel 6 4. o 2 O 0 10 20 30 4. 50 SO 70 Time (min) Fig. 9 U.S. Patent Feb. 26, 2013 Sheet 10 of 10 US 8,383,154 B2 T (O) (1) \-7 (1a) - N-27 (1b) CIT O) (2) - Sey (28) II (O) (C) / Y&27 Fig. 10 US 8,383,154 B2 1. 2 SWELLABLE DOSAGE FORM COMPRISING then be formulated into tablets or capsules meant to be swal GELLAN GUMI lowed whole. Those tablets and capsules as Such are inappro priate for patients with Swallowing difficulties. Patients (or FIELD OF THE INVENTION they providers in the case of children) are often instructed to open the capsules (or crush the tablets) and to sprinkle the The present application relates to a novel dosage form. The powder on syrup or pudding or applesauce or similar and then dosage form is presented in particulate form and before oral administered. This approach has limitations. The carrier ingestion the particulate material is subjected to an aqueous (syrup, pudding, applesauce) is not a well defined entity and medium, whereby it is converted to a semi-solid form by different carriers might interact differently with the multi Swelling or gelling of one or more of the components, espe 10 particles and/or drug and thereby compromise the treatment. cially of a gellan gum, of the particulate matter. The invention Also, children might object to the grittiness in the material. also relates to a vehicle for oral administration of one or more Syrups do not necessarily resemble types of food or bever active Substances, the vehicle comprising a gellan gum ages that children are used to consume. arranged in a configuration allowing optimal water diffusion Alternatively the powder can be formulated into efferves so that upon addition of a predetermined amount of an aque 15 cent granules or tablets. These granules or tablets are intended ous medium, without the necessity of applying shear forces or to be dissolved in an aqueous liquid requiring the provision of other mixing forces, within a time period of 5 minutes or less a glass of liquid and a waiting period Sufficient to allow the swells and/or gels and the texture of the swelled vehicle being tablet to completely dissolve and the resulting Volume might similar to that of a soft pudding and having a viscosity of at be considerable. Often, these dosage forms leave an objec least about 10,000 cps as measured by a Brookfield Viscom tionable deposit in the glass, which may represent a non eter with a #4 LV spindle at 6 rpm and at 20-25°C. ingested part of the drug. Effervescent formulations are, in In one embodiment of the invention, the particulate matter general more appropriate for adults although some commer can be moulded into a desired shape or pressed onto a dis cial vitamin preparations for children use this approach. pensing unit Such as a spoon. Another category is the fast-melting tablets meant to be put 25 on the tongue and disintegrate upon contact with Saliva. The BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION might be effervescent or non-effervescent. Yet another solu tion is to dispense the multi-particles in lozenges, chewable A recurring problem in the treatment of patients, in par tablets and chewing gum. ticular children and the elderly, is their inability or unwilling One example of these approaches was described in ness to Swallow solid oral dosage forms such as tablets or 30 Wehling et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,178.878, which relates to capsules. The problem is, however, not uncommon in healthy certain effervescent dosage forms including microparticles. adults as well.
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