Acquired Antibiotic Resistance Genes: an Overview
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)&F1y3x PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX to THE
)&f1y3X PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE )&f1y3X PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 3 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names (INN) which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. Product CAS No. Product CAS No. ABAMECTIN 65195-55-3 ACTODIGIN 36983-69-4 ABANOQUIL 90402-40-7 ADAFENOXATE 82168-26-1 ABCIXIMAB 143653-53-6 ADAMEXINE 54785-02-3 ABECARNIL 111841-85-1 ADAPALENE 106685-40-9 ABITESARTAN 137882-98-5 ADAPROLOL 101479-70-3 ABLUKAST 96566-25-5 ADATANSERIN 127266-56-2 ABUNIDAZOLE 91017-58-2 ADEFOVIR 106941-25-7 ACADESINE 2627-69-2 ADELMIDROL 1675-66-7 ACAMPROSATE 77337-76-9 ADEMETIONINE 17176-17-9 ACAPRAZINE 55485-20-6 ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE 61-19-8 ACARBOSE 56180-94-0 ADIBENDAN 100510-33-6 ACEBROCHOL 514-50-1 ADICILLIN 525-94-0 ACEBURIC ACID 26976-72-7 ADIMOLOL 78459-19-5 ACEBUTOLOL 37517-30-9 ADINAZOLAM 37115-32-5 ACECAINIDE 32795-44-1 ADIPHENINE 64-95-9 ACECARBROMAL 77-66-7 ADIPIODONE 606-17-7 ACECLIDINE 827-61-2 ADITEREN 56066-19-4 ACECLOFENAC 89796-99-6 ADITOPRIM 56066-63-8 ACEDAPSONE 77-46-3 ADOSOPINE 88124-26-9 ACEDIASULFONE SODIUM 127-60-6 ADOZELESIN 110314-48-2 ACEDOBEN 556-08-1 ADRAFINIL 63547-13-7 ACEFLURANOL 80595-73-9 ADRENALONE -
Advances in Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Using Sensors and Biosensors: a Review
chemosensors Review Advances in Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Using Sensors and Biosensors: A Review Eduardo C. Reynoso 1 , Serena Laschi 2, Ilaria Palchetti 3,* and Eduardo Torres 1,4 1 Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico; [email protected] (E.C.R.); [email protected] (E.T.) 2 Nanobiosens Join Lab, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy; [email protected] 3 Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy 4 Centro de Quìmica, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico * Correspondence: ilaria.palchetti@unifi.it Abstract: The indiscriminate use and mismanagement of antibiotics over the last eight decades have led to one of the main challenges humanity will have to face in the next twenty years in terms of public health and economy, i.e., antimicrobial resistance. One of the key approaches to tackling an- timicrobial resistance is clinical, livestock, and environmental surveillance applying methods capable of effectively identifying antimicrobial non-susceptibility as well as genes that promote resistance. Current clinical laboratory practices involve conventional culture-based antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) methods, taking over 24 h to find out which medication should be prescribed to treat the infection. Although there are techniques that provide rapid resistance detection, it is necessary to have new tools that are easy to operate, are robust, sensitive, specific, and inexpensive. Chemical sensors and biosensors are devices that could have the necessary characteristics for the rapid diag- Citation: Reynoso, E.C.; Laschi, S.; nosis of resistant microorganisms and could provide crucial information on the choice of antibiotic Palchetti, I.; Torres, E. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,383,154 B2 Bar-Shalom Et Al
USOO8383154B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,383,154 B2 Bar-Shalom et al. (45) Date of Patent: Feb. 26, 2013 (54) SWELLABLE DOSAGE FORM COMPRISING W W 2.3. A. 3. 2. GELLAN GUMI WO WOO1,76610 10, 2001 WO WOO2,46571 A2 6, 2002 (75) Inventors: Daniel Bar-Shalom, Kokkedal (DK); WO WO O2/49571 A2 6, 2002 Lillian Slot, Virum (DK); Gina Fischer, WO WO 03/043638 A1 5, 2003 yerlosea (DK), Pernille Heyrup WO WO 2004/096906 A1 11, 2004 Hemmingsen, Bagsvaerd (DK) WO WO 2005/007074 1, 2005 WO WO 2005/007074 A 1, 2005 (73) Assignee: Egalet A/S, Vaerlose (DK) OTHER PUBLICATIONS (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 JECFA, “Gellangum”. FNP 52 Addendum 4 (1996).* U.S.C. 154(b) by 1259 days. JECFA, “Talc”, FNP 52 Addendum 1 (1992).* Alterna LLC, “ElixSure, Allergy Formula', description and label (21) Appl. No.: 111596,123 directions, online (Feb. 6, 2007). Hagerström, H., “Polymer gels as pharmaceutical dosage forms'. (22) PCT Filed: May 11, 2005 comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala dissertations from the faculty of pharmacy, vol. 293 Uppsala (2003). (86). PCT No.: PCT/DK2OOS/OOO317 Lin, “Gellan Gum', U.S. Food and Drug Administration, www. inchem.org, online (Jan. 17, 2005). S371 (c)(1), Miyazaki, S., et al., “In situ-gelling gellan formulations as vehicles (2), (4) Date: Aug. 14, 2007 for oral drug delivery”. J. Control Release, vol. 60, pp. 287-295 (1999). (87) PCT Pub. No.: WO2005/107713 Rowe, Raymond C. -
Stembook 2018.Pdf
The use of stems in the selection of International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for pharmaceutical substances FORMER DOCUMENT NUMBER: WHO/PHARM S/NOM 15 WHO/EMP/RHT/TSN/2018.1 © World Health Organization 2018 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization. Suggested citation. The use of stems in the selection of International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for pharmaceutical substances. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (WHO/EMP/RHT/TSN/2018.1). Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data. -
6-Veterinary-Medicinal-Products-Criteria-Designation-Antimicrobials-Be-Reserved-Treatment
31 October 2019 EMA/CVMP/158366/2019 Committee for Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use Advice on implementing measures under Article 37(4) of Regulation (EU) 2019/6 on veterinary medicinal products – Criteria for the designation of antimicrobials to be reserved for treatment of certain infections in humans Official address Domenico Scarlattilaan 6 ● 1083 HS Amsterdam ● The Netherlands Address for visits and deliveries Refer to www.ema.europa.eu/how-to-find-us Send us a question Go to www.ema.europa.eu/contact Telephone +31 (0)88 781 6000 An agency of the European Union © European Medicines Agency, 2019. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Introduction On 6 February 2019, the European Commission sent a request to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for a report on the criteria for the designation of antimicrobials to be reserved for the treatment of certain infections in humans in order to preserve the efficacy of those antimicrobials. The Agency was requested to provide a report by 31 October 2019 containing recommendations to the Commission as to which criteria should be used to determine those antimicrobials to be reserved for treatment of certain infections in humans (this is also referred to as ‘criteria for designating antimicrobials for human use’, ‘restricting antimicrobials to human use’, or ‘reserved for human use only’). The Committee for Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use (CVMP) formed an expert group to prepare the scientific report. The group was composed of seven experts selected from the European network of experts, on the basis of recommendations from the national competent authorities, one expert nominated from European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), one expert nominated by European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), one expert with expertise on human infectious diseases, and two Agency staff members with expertise on development of antimicrobial resistance . -
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2004) -- Supplement 1 Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2004) -- Supplement 1 Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2004) -- Supplement 1 Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 2 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names (INN) which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. Product CAS No. Product CAS No. ABACAVIR 136470-78-5 ACEXAMIC ACID 57-08-9 ABAFUNGIN 129639-79-8 ACICLOVIR 59277-89-3 ABAMECTIN 65195-55-3 ACIFRAN 72420-38-3 ABANOQUIL 90402-40-7 ACIPIMOX 51037-30-0 ABARELIX 183552-38-7 ACITAZANOLAST 114607-46-4 ABCIXIMAB 143653-53-6 ACITEMATE 101197-99-3 ABECARNIL 111841-85-1 ACITRETIN 55079-83-9 ABIRATERONE 154229-19-3 ACIVICIN 42228-92-2 ABITESARTAN 137882-98-5 ACLANTATE 39633-62-0 ABLUKAST 96566-25-5 ACLARUBICIN 57576-44-0 ABUNIDAZOLE 91017-58-2 ACLATONIUM NAPADISILATE 55077-30-0 ACADESINE 2627-69-2 ACODAZOLE 79152-85-5 ACAMPROSATE 77337-76-9 ACONIAZIDE 13410-86-1 ACAPRAZINE 55485-20-6 ACOXATRINE 748-44-7 ACARBOSE 56180-94-0 ACREOZAST 123548-56-1 ACEBROCHOL 514-50-1 ACRIDOREX 47487-22-9 ACEBURIC ACID 26976-72-7 -
Chemical Structure-Related Drug-Like Criteria of Global Approved Drugs
Molecules 2016, 21, 75; doi:10.3390/molecules21010075 S1 of S110 Supplementary Materials: Chemical Structure-Related Drug-Like Criteria of Global Approved Drugs Fei Mao 1, Wei Ni 1, Xiang Xu 1, Hui Wang 1, Jing Wang 1, Min Ji 1 and Jian Li * Table S1. Common names, indications, CAS Registry Numbers and molecular formulas of 6891 approved drugs. Common Name Indication CAS Number Oral Molecular Formula Abacavir Antiviral 136470-78-5 Y C14H18N6O Abafungin Antifungal 129639-79-8 C21H22N4OS Abamectin Component B1a Anthelminithic 65195-55-3 C48H72O14 Abamectin Component B1b Anthelminithic 65195-56-4 C47H70O14 Abanoquil Adrenergic 90402-40-7 C22H25N3O4 Abaperidone Antipsychotic 183849-43-6 C25H25FN2O5 Abecarnil Anxiolytic 111841-85-1 Y C24H24N2O4 Abiraterone Antineoplastic 154229-19-3 Y C24H31NO Abitesartan Antihypertensive 137882-98-5 C26H31N5O3 Ablukast Bronchodilator 96566-25-5 C28H34O8 Abunidazole Antifungal 91017-58-2 C15H19N3O4 Acadesine Cardiotonic 2627-69-2 Y C9H14N4O5 Acamprosate Alcohol Deterrant 77337-76-9 Y C5H11NO4S Acaprazine Nootropic 55485-20-6 Y C15H21Cl2N3O Acarbose Antidiabetic 56180-94-0 Y C25H43NO18 Acebrochol Steroid 514-50-1 C29H48Br2O2 Acebutolol Antihypertensive 37517-30-9 Y C18H28N2O4 Acecainide Antiarrhythmic 32795-44-1 Y C15H23N3O2 Acecarbromal Sedative 77-66-7 Y C9H15BrN2O3 Aceclidine Cholinergic 827-61-2 C9H15NO2 Aceclofenac Antiinflammatory 89796-99-6 Y C16H13Cl2NO4 Acedapsone Antibiotic 77-46-3 C16H16N2O4S Acediasulfone Sodium Antibiotic 80-03-5 C14H14N2O4S Acedoben Nootropic 556-08-1 C9H9NO3 Acefluranol Steroid -
Topical Drugs 35 Francisco M
35_623_652 05.11.2005 11:22 Uhr Seite 623 Chapter 35 Topical Drugs 35 Francisco M. Brandão, An Goossens, Antonella Tosti Contents medication habits. Prescribing habits are changing, 35.1 Incidence and Prevalence . 623 and some medicaments that were common allergens 20–30 years ago,such as sulfonamides,penicillin,and 35.2 Factors Predisposing antihistamines, have now been replaced by other al- to Medicament Contact Dermatitis . 624 lergenic drugs, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflamma- 35.3 Clinical Patterns of Contact Reactions . 624 tory drugs (NSAID), and corticosteroids. 35.3.1 Irritant Contact Dermatitis . 624 The real incidence of adverse reactions to topical 35.3.2 Contact Urticaria . 625 medicaments is not known, and most of the data 35.3.3 Other Important Clinical Patterns . 625 about prevalence are quite old. Bandmann et al. [1] 35.3.4 Allergic Contact Dermatitis . 626 found that 14% of 4,000 patients tested in several Eu- 35.4 Allergens . 627 ropean countries were allergic to medicaments.Blon- 35.4.1 Local Anesthetics . 627 deel et al. [2] found a much higher incidence – 54.6%. 35.4.2 Antibiotics and Antimicrobials . 627 Still, in Belgium [3], 17% of 2,025 patients were aller- 35.4.3 Antivirals . 629 gic to the ingredients of pharmaceutical products, 35.4.4 Antimycotics . 629 while in Italy, in the 1980s [4], about 20.5% of 8,230 35.4.5 Corticosteroids . 630 patients were allergic to topical drugs. In Sweden, 35.4.6 Antihistamines . 632 40% of all recorded allergic reactions were due to 35.4.7 Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs . -
Review of the Square Box Symbol Uses
Review of the square box symbol uses in the 2019 WHO Model List of Essential Medicines: including proposed revisions to terminology, listings and integration in the electronic EML (e-EML) Prepared by Prof Albert Figueras, on behalf of the EML Secretariat 31 August 2020 1 Contents Executive summary ....................................................................................................................................................4 A. Background ............................................................................................................................................................5 B. Therapeutic equivalents – Important international semantic differences ...........................................................7 C. Analysis of the 2019 WHO Model List of Essential Medicines ..............................................................................9 1. Square Box with qualification ............................................................................................................................9 1.1 Listings with an asterisk (*) symbol without Square Box indication ...........................................................9 1.2 Qualified Square Box listings .................................................................................................................... 10 2. Square Box without qualification (unrestricted) ............................................................................................ 12 2.1 Therapeutic class alternatives without DDD ........................................................................................... -
ATC-Index Mit DDD-Angaben Für Den Deutschen Arzneimittelmarkt Berlin 2013, 12
Die vorliegende Publikation ist ein Beitrag des GKV-Arzneimittelindex im Wissenschaftlichen Institut der AOK (WIdO). Uwe Fricke, Judith Günther, Anette Zawinell, Rana Zeidan Anatomisch-therapeutisch-chemische Klassifikation mit Tagesdosen für den deutschen Arzneimittelmarkt ATC-Index mit DDD-Angaben für den deutschen Arzneimittelmarkt Berlin 2013, 12. überarbeitete Auflage Wissenschaftliches Institut der AOK (WIdO) im AOK-Bundesverband GbR Rosenthaler Str. 31, 10178 Berlin Geschäftsführender Vorstand: Jürgen Graalmann, Uwe Deh http://www.aok-bv.de/impressum/index.html Aufsichtsbehörde: Senatsverwaltung für Gesundheit und Soziales Oranienstraße 106, 10969 Berlin Pharmazeutisch-technische Assistenz: Gudrun Billesfeld, Sylvia Ehrle, Sandra Heric, Sabine Roggan, Manuela Steden Datenverarbeitung: Kenan Ajanović, Jana Weiss Redaktionelle Bearbeitung: Manuela Steden Umschlagsgestaltung/Design: Ursula M. Mielke Titelfoto: Ulrich Birtel Nachdruck, Wiedergabe, Vervielfältigung und Verbreitung (gleich welcher Art), auch von Teilen des Werkes, bedürfen der ausdrückli- chen Genehmigung. E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.wido.de Wissenschaftliche Berater des GKV-Arzneimittelindex Wissenschaftliche Berater des GKV-Arzneimittelindex Prof. Dr. med. Dr. h. c. Björn Lemmer Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Maybachstraße 14 68169 Mannheim Prof. Dr. med. Martin J. Lohse Institut für Pharmakologie der Universität Würzburg Versbacher Straße 9 97078 Würzburg Dr. med. Klaus Mengel Höferstr. 15 68199 Mannheim Prof. Dr. med. Gerhard Schmidt Zentrum Pharmakologie und Toxikologie der Universität Göttingen Robert-Koch-Straße 40 37075 Göttingen Prof. Dr. med. Hasso Scholz Institut für Experimentelle und klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie Universitäts-Krankenhaus Eppendorf Martinistraße 52 20246 Hamburg 3 Hinweise Hinweise Die vorliegende Publikation ist ein Beitrag des Wissenschaftlichen Instituts der AOK (WIdO) und keine Meinungsäußerung des WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology. -
ATC-Index Mit DDD-Angaben Für Deutschland Im Jahre 2019
Uwe Fricke · Judith Günther · Katja Niepraschk-von Dollen · Anette Zawinell Anatomisch-therapeutisch- chemische Klassifikation mit Tagesdosen für den deutschen Arzneimittelmarkt ATC-Index mit DDD-Angaben Mai 2019 Impressum Die vorliegende Publikation ist ein Beitrag des GKV-Arzneimittelindex im Wissenschaftlichen Institut der AOK (WldO). Anatomisch-therapeutisch-chemische Klassifikation mit Tagesdosen für den deutschen Arzneimittelmarkt ATC-Index mit DDD-Angaben für den deutschen Arzneimittelmarkt Berlin 2019, 18. überarbeitete Auflage Uwe Fricke, Judith Günther, Katja Niepraschk-von Dollen, Anette Zawinell Wissenschaftliches Institut der AOK (WldO) im AOK-Bundesverband GbR Rosenthaler Str. 31, 10178 Berlin Geschäftsführender Vorstand: Martin Litsch (Vorsitzender) Jens Martin Hoyer (stellv. Vorsitzender) http://www.aok-bv.de/impressum/index.html Aufsichtsbehörde: Senatsverwaltung für Gesundheit, Pflege und Gleichstellung –SenGPG– Oranienstraße 106, 10969 Berlin Pharmazeutisch-technische Assistenz: Sandra Heric, Heike Hoffmeister, Sabine Roggan, Manuela Steden Datenverarbeitung: Kenan Ajanovic, Jana Weiss Redaktionelle Bearbeitung: Melanie Hoberg, Manuela Steden Titelfoto: Ulrich Birtel Nachdruck, Wiedergabe, Vervielfältigung und Verbreitung (gleich welcher Art), auch von Teilen des Werkes, bedürfen der ausdrücklichen Genehmigung. E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.wido.de Inhalt Wissenschaftliche Berater des GKV-Arzneimittelindex ......................................................... 4 Hinweise ............................................................................................................................. -
Pharmaceutical Appendix to the Tariff Schedule 2
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2008) - Supplement 1 Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2008) - Supplement 1 Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 2 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names (INN) which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known.