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Notes Du Mont Royal ← Notes du mont Royal www.notesdumontroyal.com 쐰 Cette œuvre est hébergée sur « No- tes du mont Royal » dans le cadre d’un exposé gratuit sur la littérature. SOURCE DES IMAGES Google Livres I.ES g COMEDIES ’TERENCE, TRADUITES en FRANCOI’S, "Par MADAME D*** . Avnc uns’nnmnnæues. Dernier; Édition remît", corrigée, à enrichie de figures a chaque Candie. TOME PREMIER. W vv ’ V l i Suivant la Copie de Plrf’t. A AMSTIERDAM, Chez JAQUES (51.1.1553. ALDÇ.LXXXXL CM A Ka .q ..,. g-. .. f.’ .4 . ,. Q.-l . ,,: y.- ..a. PRÉFACE l Eux qui ont vil les loüanges que i’ay données à Plante dans - la Preface que j’ay faire fur ce: Auteur , 8: qui verront celles que je vais donner à Terence , m’accuferont peutoefire d’eflre tombée dans le defaut des faifeurs des Pane yriques. Mais pour peu qu’on veü’ e lire ces deux i Prefaces avec application , j’efpere qu’on ne me fera pàs ce reproche , 8: qu’on en- trera dans des fentimens peu difl’erens des miens. , - Il cil certain qu’il n’ a rien de plus , difficile que cette cigece de criti- que qui confifle à juger des hom- mes, a: à faire voir les fleurages qu’ils ont les uns fur les autres. Il I a tant d’égards à obferver , tant e rapports à unir , tant de difierences avare: a que. .6391! une 5h99: 93!un t v l1 7” R E F A C E.. ’ infinie; ôt il femble que pour s’en bien acquiter il faudroit-avoir un elprit lupe- rieur à ceux dont on juge , comme il cit neceflhire que la main qui le fer: d’une balance (oit plus forte que les. chofes qu’elle veut pefer. Cela citant, on ne doit pas attendre de moyune comparaifon exaâe 8: achevée de Te- rence &de Plaute i tout ce que je puis faire , c’efl: d’examiner en general les avantages fenfibles qu’ils ont chacun en particulier.j’ay dit que Plante avoit plus ’ d’ef t prit que Terence , 8c qu’il efioit au demis. de luy par la vivacité de l’aétion ,. 86 par le nœud des intrigues ; a; enfin qu’il fait plus agir que parler 5 au lieu que Tertnce fait plus parler qu’agir. C’elt ce que les plus Zelez partifans de Te. rente ne fautoient coutelier ;-. 8c s’il y; en avoit qui ne vouluEent pas tom- ber d’accord d’une vanité fi. claire , il n’y auroit pour les. convaincre qu’à faire jouer une Piece de Plante, 8c; une de Terence, je fuis perfuadée. que. l’une attacheroit plus que l’autre , 8c. furprendroit toujours, davantage le fpeâateur par la Inouveauteù par la V v 5P R E F A C E. varieté de les incidens. Voilà les gram" des qualitez qu’on ne fautoit .difputer à Plante: Mm comme les hommes ne fivent’idenner ordinairement que des loü eslexclufives, ils croyent que * qua: on donne à quelqu’un l’avan- tage en quelque chofe , on le prefe- re entour. C’en: un préjugé fort in- julle ;V’cha’cun a les vertus ; 8c comme il n’y arien de plus trafic que la Poê- fie en general , &z en particulier que la Poëfie Dramatique ; il n’y a rien aulli ou les hommes ayent des talens plus divers , 8; où ils réüllifl’ent plus dulie- remment. Les uns manient bien un fu- jet, Be lavent noüer 6c dénoüer une intrigue. Les autres excellent à repre- l’enter les pallions. Celuy-cy ne fait ne peindre les mœurs, celuy-là rétif- t à certains caraéteres, &efl malheu- reux en d’autres. En un mot il cil du Theatre comme de la Peinture , ou les uns font bons pour l’ordonnance , les autres pour les attitudes; celuy-cy aux le coloris , 8c celuy-la pour la a-uté des figures. ’ i 1 Terence cil châtié - dans (a com- pofitian .,’ 8c n fige dans la condui- a! iü T R E F A C E. te de les fujets. Veritablement il n’a. pas cette vivacité d’aEtion , 8c cet-x te varieté d’incidens qui enflamme, la curiofite’ , 85 qui jettent l’efprit. dans l’im atience de lavoir de quelle maniere e fera le dénoücment. Mais il donnedes plaifirs plus frequens 8: plus fenfibles : s’il ne fait pas atten- dre avec impatience la fin des avantuo. res , il y conduit d’une maniere qui ne laine rien à defirer , parce que l’e- fprit se le cœur font toujours égale- ment fatisfaits, 8c qu’à chaque Sce- ne , ou pour mieux dire, à chaque Vers on trouve des choies qui enchantentôc que l’on ne peut quitter. On pourroit; comparer Plante à ces Romans qui par: des chemins fouvent ennuyeux 8c delà-l greables , menent quelquefois dans des- lieux enchantez , où tous les feus font ravis. Mais on peut dire que ces lieux enchantez ,. prefque tous aufli beaux les uns ne les autres , fe trouvent à chaque pas ans Terence , ou une feule Scene amure qgreablementtout un jour; 8: je ne fay l aucun autre Poëtea jamais fgû trouver ce recru. C’ell fans doute par cette raifort 1 TREFACE que les Anciens ont tous donné à Te: rence cette loüange dont parle Ho- à-race:" l’inter: Çœcîh’»: gravitas: , Tennis:- Car il cit vray que jamais homme "n’a’ eu plusun". d’art que luy ; maisI deti art cil:- fi bien caché, qu’on diroit que c’efi: la Nature [cule qui agit , 8: non pas T’a-l . Un elfet merveilleux de cet ait oùil nence.moelle", oeil la peinture ’ des mœurs, jamais performe ne les a fi bien peintes. C’efl une verité que les Anciens ont re- connue. Varron a dit un argumenta Ca- cilimpzflit palmai, t’a ethgfi Taurin". Cet-ÏIM remporte leprixfin rom le: autre: Poète: polir ce qui regarde la dfiqfi’tion de: fitjm, à fileuse pour ce qui regard: la peinture des mœurs. Pour réüfiir dans cette peinture,il Faut avoir une ex rience confommée avec une - connoi ante parfaite de tous les mouvemens de l’ame. Il n’y a qu’un rand Philofophe’qui en foit bien capa- le , 8c c’ell: un des plus grands efforts de l’efprit humain. Les Maillres de l’Art nous tillent louvent, qu’il n’y-a rien de ’ * iiij T R E F A C E. plus difficile dans la Poëfie , que d’ex; primer les moeurs; cela cil encore plus. difficile dans la Poëfie Dramatique , il cilfacile d’en voir la raifon. Il y a des manieres differentes de peindre les mœurs; car commesAriæ ote l’a fort bien remarqué , ou vous faites les hommes comme ils font , ou vous les faites pires , ou vous les fai-. tes meilleurs. De ces trois manieresg les deux dernieres font , a mon anis, les plus faciles 8c les plus imparfaites; car comme vous ne fuivez alors que vô-p tre idée , moy quin’ay pasla même idée que vous, je ne puis juger de la perfec- tion de voflre ouvrage , parce que je n’ay point de modele furquoyje puilÎe juger de la reflemblance de vos portraits. Il n’en cil pas de mefme de celuy qui fait les hommes comme ils font , tout le monde a en foy, ou devant les yeux l’original qu’il a voulu copier , chacun r en peut juger par foy-mefme , 8e c’en: ce qui en fait la difficulté. C’ell pour- quo Ariflote a en raifon de s’attacher particulierement à donner fur cela des preceptes , 8c à faire voir ce que c’en; que mordra 0mm. Terence regne fans rival dansTREFACE. cette partie; car il peint toû- jours les hommesau naturel, 8c par là il s’efl engagé, li je l’oie dire, à ren- dre raifort de les peintures , non feule- ment à fou liecle , mais a tous les fie- cles; 8: ce n’efi. pas l’entreprife d’un efpritSur le paiTage borné. que j’ay’ciré - de Var- ron ,’ in argamentù Cet-dm; palmampafl et: , in 221295 fireôztim; les Savans de- mandent lequel c’ell: des deux que Var- ron préfère. Si l’on fuit le fenriment d’Arifiote , on préferera toûjours ce- luy qui difpolèra bien un fujet’, à ce- luy qui eindra bien les mœurs; car ce Philo ophevfair confifier la princi-. gale partie du Poème Dramatique dans V difpofition du fujet ; 8: il met la peinture des mœurs au fecond rang. Il cit dangereux de s’oppofer à une dé- cifion fi formelle; cependant je ne puis m’empefcher de dire que quoy que je liche fort bien que c’efl: la dif- pofition du fujet qui conflituë, le. Poème Dramatique , je prefererois, toujours un Poète qui n’excelleroit pas dans cette partie, Br qui excelle- roit dans l’autre : c’efi à dire que j’ai-v * v mercis TREFACEmieux une Comedie dont le fu- jet ne feroit pas merVeilleufement bien. conduit , pourvû que les fautes n’en m..-. fuirent pas groflieres; a: dont les ca- raâeres feroient admirablement bien peints. En un mot ’aimerois mieux Te- rence que Cecilius ; dt je croy mefme que l’on pourroit jultifier ce goufi par la Peinture. Toutes les Figures bien fi-- nies a: naturelles feront excuferdans un Tableau les defauts de l’ordonnance a mais je ne fay fi l’ordonnance la plus belle a: la plus reguliere pourroit faire excufer les defauts des Figures. Je ne propofe pas cela comme un fentiment que l’on doive fuivre, je dis feulement ( mon gouft, bon ou mauvais.
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