Department of English Language and Literature
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MASARYK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF EDUCATION Department of English Language and Literature Development of English Terminology of Male Fashion Master’s thesis Brno 2018 Author: Supervisor: Bc. Jan Chalupa Mgr. Radek Vogel, PhD. Prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem závěrečnou diplomovou práci vypracoval samostatně, s využitím pouze citovaných pramenů, dalších informací a zdrojů v souladu s Disciplinárních řádech pro student Pedagogické fakulty Masarykovy university a se zákonem č. 124/2000 Sb., o právu autorském, o právech souvisejících s právem autorským a změne některách zákonů (autorský zákon), ve znění pozdějších předpisů. Declaration I hereby declare that I worked on the thesis on my own and that I used only the sources listed in the bibliography. Brno 30.3. 2018 …………………………………….. Jan Chalupa Acknowledgements I would like to express my gratitude to Mgr. Radek Vogel, PhD. for his patience, guidance and precious advice during writing this thesis as well as the help with the topic. Abstract Although many research studies were devoted to etymologically themed works, there is no publication that is concerned specifically with male fashion. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the development of the terminology of male fashion. The aim of this thesis is to ascertain the etymological background of the terms of male fashion concerning the language origin, time period and word formation. The first part of the thesis is devoted to outlining the related of linguistic concepts, followed by a brief history of the English language and a brief history of fashion. The last chapter is devoted to the analysis of the terminology that is based on the corpus included in the appendix. Key words development, etymology, male fashion, word formation, the English language Abstrakt Přestože mnoho výzkumů a publikací by věnováno etymologickým tématům. Není zde publikace, která by se věnovala pouze pánské módě. Tato práce se proto zaměřuje na etymologický vývoj terminologie pánské módy. Cílem práce je zjistit etymologický původ termínů pánské módy v angličtině s ohledem na jazyk, ve kterém vznikly, časové období a způsob slovotvorby. V prvních částech je definovaná terminologie lingvistických pojmů, následnována historií vývoje anglického jazyka a stručnou historií pánské módy. Poslední kapitola se věnuje samotné analýze pojmů, která vychází z korpusu, který je uveden v přílohách. Klíčová slova vývoj, etymologie, pánská móda, slovotvorba, anglický jazyk Table of contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 10 2 Terminology ............................................................................................................ 12 2.1 Morpheme, morph, allomorph ......................................................................... 12 2.2 Bound and free morpheme ............................................................................... 12 2.3 Affixes .............................................................................................................. 13 2.4 Root, stem, base and lexeme ............................................................................ 13 3 Word formation ....................................................................................................... 15 3.1 Derivation ......................................................................................................... 15 3.2 Compounding ................................................................................................... 15 3.3 Reduplication ................................................................................................... 16 3.4 Borrowing ........................................................................................................ 17 3.5 Conversion ....................................................................................................... 17 3.6 Shortening ........................................................................................................ 18 3.6.1 Blending .................................................................................................... 18 3.6.2 Clipping .................................................................................................... 18 3.6.3 Back formation ......................................................................................... 18 3.6.4 Acronyming and initialism ....................................................................... 19 3.7 Onomatopoeia .................................................................................................. 19 3.8 Calque .............................................................................................................. 19 4 History of the English language .............................................................................. 21 4.1 Historical development of the English language ............................................. 21 4.1.1 Old English ............................................................................................... 21 4.1.2 Middle English .......................................................................................... 23 4.1.3 Early Modern English ............................................................................... 25 4.1.4 Modern English ......................................................................................... 26 4.2 Language that influenced the English language ............................................... 27 4.2.1 French ....................................................................................................... 27 4.2.2 Spanish ...................................................................................................... 27 4.2.3 Latin .......................................................................................................... 28 4.2.4 Greek ......................................................................................................... 28 4.2.5 Hindi ......................................................................................................... 28 4.2.6 Italian ........................................................................................................ 28 5 History of fashion ................................................................................................... 30 5.1 Ancient world ................................................................................................... 30 5.2 Middle Ages ..................................................................................................... 31 5.3 15th century ....................................................................................................... 32 5.4 16th century ....................................................................................................... 33 5.5 17th century ....................................................................................................... 34 5.6 18th century ....................................................................................................... 36 5.7 19th century ....................................................................................................... 37 5.8 20th and 21th century ......................................................................................... 38 5.8.1 Before World War One ............................................................................. 38 5.8.2 Between the Wars ..................................................................................... 39 5.8.3 After World War Two ............................................................................... 40 6 Corpus analysis ....................................................................................................... 42 6.1 Head ................................................................................................................. 42 6.1.1 Language origin ........................................................................................ 42 6.1.2 Time period ............................................................................................... 48 6.1.3 Word formation ......................................................................................... 50 6.2 Torso ................................................................................................................ 53 6.2.1 Language origin ........................................................................................ 53 6.2.2 Time period ............................................................................................... 60 6.2.3 Word formation ......................................................................................... 63 6.3 Legs .................................................................................................................. 67 6.3.1 Language origin ........................................................................................ 67 6.3.2 Time period ............................................................................................... 70 6.3.3 Word formation ......................................................................................... 70 6.4 Feet ................................................................................................................... 72 6.4.1 Language origin ........................................................................................ 72 6.4.2 Time period ............................................................................................... 75 6.4.3 Word formation ........................................................................................