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Kehidupan Religi Dan Upacara Keagamaan Masyarakat Adat Benuaq Dalam Novel Upacara: Pendekatan Kritik Sastra Mimetik

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Kehidupan Religi Dan Upacara Keagamaan Masyarakat Adat Benuaq Dalam Novel Upacara: Pendekatan Kritik Sastra Mimetik UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA KEHIDUPAN RELIGI DAN UPACARA KEAGAMAAN MASYARAKAT ADAT BENUAQ DALAM NOVEL UPACARA: PENDEKATAN KRITIK SASTRA MIMETIK SKRIPSI Diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Humaniora DHEA EKA PRADANI 0806353431 PROGRAM STUDI INDONESIA FAKULTAS ILMU PENGETAHUAN BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA DEPOK JUNI, 2012 Kehidupan religi..., Dhea Eka Pradani, FIB UI, 2012 SURAT PERNYATAAN BEBAS PLAGIARISME Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini dengan sebenarnya menyatakan bahwa skripsi ini saya susun tanpa tindakan plagiarisme sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku di Universitas Indonesia. Jika di kemudian hari ternyata saya melakukan tindakan plagiarisme, saya akan bertanggung jawab sepenuhnya dan menerima sanksi yang dijatuhkan oleh Universitas Indonesia kepada saya. Depok, Juni 2012 Dhea Eka Pradani Kehidupan religi..., Dhea Eka Pradani, FIB UI, 2012 HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS Skripsi ini adalah hasil karya saya sendiri, dan semua sumber baik yang dikutip maupun dirujuk telah saya nyatakan dengan benar. Nama : Dhea Eka Pradani NPM : 0806353431 Tanda tangan : Tanggal : 6 Juni 2012 Kehidupan religi..., Dhea Eka Pradani, FIB UI, 2012 Kehidupan religi..., Dhea Eka Pradani, FIB UI, 2012 KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur saya panjatkan kepada Allah Yang Maha Kuasa, karena atas rahmat-Nya yang teramat luar biasa, saya dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. penulisan skripsi ini disusun sebagai syarat untuk mencapai gelar Sarjana Humaniora Program Studi Indonesia pada Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya, Universitas Indonesia. Skripsi yang mengangkat tema tentang sistem religi masyarakat Benuaq yang menetap di Kalimantan Timur ini dapat terselesaikan dengan baik berkat dukungan, bantuan, serta bimbingan dari berbagai pihak. Oleh karena itu, saya mengucapkan terima kasih kepada: 1. Bapak Rasjid Sartuni, M.Hum., selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah rela meluangkan waktu, pikiran, dan juga tenaga untuk membimbing dan mengarahkan penulis dalam proses menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Terima kasih banyak untuk masukan yang sangat berharga dan kesabaran Bapak selama membimbing saya dalam proses penulisan skripsi ini. 2. Bapak Tommy Christomy, Ph.D. dan juga Ibu Niken Pramanik, M.Hum., selaku dosen penguji yang telah memberikan saran dan kritik yang sangat berguna bagi perkembangan skripsi ini. 3. Ibu Priscilla F Limbong, M.Hum selaku pembimbing akademis. Terima kasih atas arahan dan petunjuk selama masa perkuliahan. 4. Seluruh dosen di prodi Indonesia yang telah berbagi ilmu dan pengetahuan serta memberikan inspirasi kepada penulis selama masa perkuliahan. 5. Keluarga saya yang selalu mendukung saya selama masa perkuliahan dan juga selama mengerjkan skripsi. Mama dan Ayah terkasih yang selalu menyayangi, mendoakan, serta menyemangati anaknya setiap hari untuk kegiatan postif yang penulis lakukan. Adik-adik saya, Dinda, Atika, dan Alya yang selalu mendukung dan menyemangati saya setiap hari walaupun saya jarang berada di tengah-tengah mereka karena kesibukan yang saya jalani. 6. Sahabat-sahabat seperjuangan saya selama menjalani masa perkuliahan saya. Nur Chairani alias Rani, Augtri Asokawati, S.Hum alias Momon, dan juga Dyah Purwaningtyas, S.Hum alias Coki, terima kasih untuk semua canda, tawa, dan air mata selama empat tahun yang berharga ini. Kehidupan religi..., Dhea Eka Pradani, FIB UI, 2012 semoga kita semua dapat sukses menjalani kehidupan setelah masa perkuliahan ini dan dapat bersama- sama kembali. 7. Herman, yang selalu mendukung dan memberikan kasih sayang serta perhatiannya selama penulis mengerjakan skripsi. Terima kasih buat semangatnya setiap hari! Setelah ini kita akan menjemput impian bersama. Semoga terwujud! 8. Tonte, yang pernah menemani dan berbagi tawa dan air mata bersama penulis. Terima kasih untuk warna yang telah kau kuaskan ke dalam hidup saya. 9. Ratu Gifani Mantika, yang telah memberikan saran dan masukan yang berharga bagi penulis. 10. Bapak Dave Lumenta, Antropolog FISIP UI yang telah rela meluangkan waktunya untuk penulis. Terima kasih untuk masukan-masukan serta pengetahuan barunya kepada penulis. 11. Semua teman-teman seperjalanan dan sepengembaraan, Rinjani, Andi, Jonathan, Reza, Fyko, Oi, Sabar, Ilma, Theo, dan Ben. Terima kasih untuk momen-momen indah bersama! Kita harus lebih sering jalan-jalan bareng lagi dan menggila bareng lagi, Guys! 12. IKSI ’08: Harli (untuk Jogja-nya), Dewi, Wahyu Grandpa, Indah, Nita, Nanda, Agga, Aggy, Agung, Dipta, Vigi, Hannah, Fian, Taher, Alvin, Senja, Dedep, Esthi, Rizal, Ratih, Rahma, Rainy, Eries, Sassa, Dihu, Dian Batman, Anita Rima, Rima Gustiar, Maharddhika, Jeni, Maria Christa, Lucky, Keke, Meidy, dan kawan-kawan lainnya. Terima kasih telah berbagi canda tawa bersama. Terima kasih untuk dukungan kaliam selama ini. Depok, 6 Juni 2012 Dhea Eka Pradani Kehidupan religi..., Dhea Eka Pradani, FIB UI, 2012 HALAMAN PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI TUGAS AKHIR UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS Sebagai sivitas akademik Universitas Indonesia, saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini: Nama : Dhea Eka Pradani NPM : 0806353431 Program Studi : Indonesia Fakultas : Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya Jenis Karya : Skripsi demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, menyetujui untuk memberikan kepada Universitas Indonesia Hak Bebas Royalti Noneksklusif (Non-exclusive Royalty- Free Right) atas karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul: Kehidupan Religi dan Upacara Keagamaan Masyarakat Adat Benuaq dalam Novel Upacara: Pendekatan Kritik Sastra Mimetik beserta perangkat yang ada (jika diperlukan). Dengan Hak Bebas Royalti Noneksklusif ini, Universitas Indonesia berhak menyimpan, mengalih media/formatkan, mengelola dalam bentuk pangkalan data (database), merawat, dan memublikasikan tugas akhir saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis/pencipta dan sebagai pemilik Hak Cipta. Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya. Dibuat di : Depok Pada tanggal : 6 Juni 2012 Yang menyatakan ( Dhea Eka Pradani ) Kehidupan religi..., Dhea Eka Pradani, FIB UI, 2012 ABSTRAK Nama Mahasiswa : Dhea Eka Pradani Program Studi : Indonesia Judul : Kehidupan Religi dan Upacara Keagamaan Masyarakat Adat Benuaq dalam Novel Upacara Salah satu budaya masyarakat yang dapat dikaji adalah mengenai sistem religi. Pada kesempatan ini penulis memilih untuk mengkaji kehidupan religi dan berbagai upacara keagamaan yang dijalani oleh masyarakat adat Benuaq melalui novel Upacara. Permasalahan yang diangkat melalui novel ini ialah mengenai ritual keagamaan yang dijalani beserta pemikiran dan sikap mereka. Penulis juga akan memberikan penilaian terhadap karya novel ini menggunakan metode kritik sastra mimetik dengan pendekatan antropologi sastra. Kajian dengan mengunakan metode mimetik itu tidak terlepas pula dari unsur intrinsik karya, yakni pelataran, penokohan, dan pengaluran. Setelah melalui penelitian dan pengkajian diperoleh hasil bahwa peristiwa-peristiwa yang digambarkan dalam novel Upacara merupakan mimetik kehidupan nyata masyarakat adat Benuaq. Kata Kunci: Benuaq, Budaya, Religi, Ketuhanan, Upacara Keagamaan Kehidupan religi..., Dhea Eka Pradani, FIB UI, 2012 ABSTRACT Name : Dhea Eka Pradani Study Program : Indonesia Title : Kehidupan Religi dan Upacara Keagamaan Masyarakat Adat Benuaq dala m Novel Upacara One of the cultural communities that can be studied is about the religious system. On this occasion, the authors chose to examine the religious life and religious ceremonies by indigenous Benuaq’s peoples through the novel Upacara. Issues raised by this novel is about the religious ritual that served by Benuaq’s peoples and also their thoughts and attitudes. The authors also would provide an assessment of the novel through mimetic methods and anthropological literary approach. Mimetic can not be separated from the intrinsic element of the novel, namely the setting, characterizations, and plot. The research and study results showed that the events in the novel is a mimetic real life Benuaq society. Key words: Benuaq, Cultural, Religious, Belief, Religious Ceremony Kehidupan religi..., Dhea Eka Pradani, FIB UI, 2012 DAFTAR ISI Halaman Sampul …………………………………………………………….. i Halaman Judul ................................................................................................. ii Lembar Pernyataan Bebas Plagiarisme ........................................................... iii Lembar Pernyataan Orisinalitas ...................................................................... iv Lembar Pengesahan ........................................................................................ v Kata Pengantar ................................................................................................ vi Lembar Persetujuan Publikasi Karya Ilmiah .................................................. viii Abstrak ............................................................................................................ ix Daftar Isi ......................................................................................................... xi BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang ……………………………………………………………… 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah……………………………………………………........... 4 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ……………………………………………………...…… 4 1.4 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian…………………………………………………... 4 1.5 Manfaat Penelitian ……………………………………………..………….. 6 1.6 Metode Penelitian dan Pendekatan Penelitian ..…………………………… 6 1.7 Sumber Data …………………………………………………..…………… 7 1.8 Kerangka Acuan Teoretis ……………………………………………..……. 7 1.9 Sistematika Penelitian ……………………………………………..……….. 8 BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI 2.1 Karya Korrie Layun Rampan dalam Penelitian-Penelitian Terdahulu ….... 10
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