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TEMCO Report 2010 General Election English Version

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TEMCO Report 2010 General Election English Version TANZANIA ELECTION MONITORING COMMITTEE (TEMCO) THE 2010 TANZANIA GENERAL ELECTIONS REPORT OF THE TANZANIA ELECTION MONITORING COMMITTEE March, 2011 i LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AFP - Alliance for Tanzania Farmers Party AG - Attorney General APPT-Mandeleo - African Progressive Party ARO - Assistant Returning Officer BAWACHA - Baraza la Wanawake wa CHADEMA CBO - Community Based Organization CCJ - Chama Cha Jamii CCM - Chama Cha Mapinduzi CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women CHADEMA - Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo CHAUSTA - Chama cha Ustawi na Demokrasia CSM - Management System CSO - Civil Society Organization CUF - Civic United Front DED - District Executive Director EEA - Election Expenses Act EMB - Election Management Body ESP - Election Support Programme FBO - Faith Based Organization FEM ACT - Feminist Activist Coalition FIA - Freedom of Information Act FOS - Friends of Dr. Slaa HoR - House of Representatives ID - Identity Card IEMS - Integrated Election Management System IFJ - International Federation of Journalists IT - Information Technology LHRC - Legal and Human Rights Centre LTO - Long Term Observer MDG - Millennium Development Goal MP - Member of the Parliament NCCR-Mageuzi - National Convention for Construction and Reform NEC - National Electoral Commission NGO - Non-Governmental Organization NLD - National League for Democracy NRA - National Reconstruction Alliance PCCB - Prevention and Combating of Corruption Bureau PNVR - Permanent National Voter Register RO - Returning Officer RPP - Registrar of Political Parties SAU - Sauti ya Umma TADEA - Tanzania Democratic Alliance TAKUKURU - Taasisi ya Kuzuia na Kupambana na Rushwa TAMWA - Tanzania Media Women Association TAWLA - Tanzania Women Lawyers Association TBC - Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation ii TCA - Tanzania Communication Authority TCD - Tanzania Centre for Democracy TEMCO - Tanzania Election Monitoring Committee TGNP - Tanzania Gender Networking Programme TLP - Tanzania Labour Party TV - Television UDP - United Democratic Party UMD - Union for Multiparty Democracy UNDP - United Nations Development Programme UNIFEM - United Nations Development Fund for Women UPDP - United Peoples‟ Democratic Party UWT - Umoja wa Wanawake Tanzania VIS - Voters Interaction System WEO - Ward Executive Officer ZEC - Zanzibar Electoral Commission iii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................................. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................... iv 1.0 TECHNIQUES AND MODALITIES OF OBSERVATION OF THE 2010 ELECTION ....... 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF DATA COLLECTION ................................................. 1 3.0 JUSTIFICATION FOR TEMCO‟S OBSERVATION OF THE 2010 ELECTIONS ................. 2 4.0 OBJECTIVES OF TEMCO‟S OBSERVATION ACTIVITIES ................................................ 2 5.0 TEMCO‟S OBSERVATION PLAN .......................................................................................... 4 6.0 GENERAL CRITERIA FOR ELECTION ASSESSMENT ....................................................... 4 7.0 SUMMARY OF THE REPORT ................................................................................................. 4 8.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................ 7 2.0 REGISTRATION OF VOTERS.................................................................................................... 9 1.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 9 2.0 THE PERMANENT NATIONAL VOTER REGISTER IN TANZANIA ................................. 9 3.0 2010 VOTER REGISTRATION PROCESS IN TANZANIA ................................................. 10 4.0 2010 REGISTRATION PROCESS .......................................................................................... 14 5.0 PROBLEMS IN THE REGISTRATION PROCESS ............................................................... 17 6.0 NEC AND MANAGEMENT OF THE REGISTRATION PROCESS .................................... 20 7.0 VOTER REGISTRATION AND VOTER TURNOUT: A PARADOX? ................................ 21 8.0 CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................................... 22 3.0 NOMINATION OF CANDIDATES ........................................................................................... 23 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 23 2.0 LEGAL CONTEXT AND PARTY PROCEDURES ............................................................... 23 3.0 INTRAPARTY NOMINATIONS ............................................................................................ 27 4.0 NOMINATIONS BY NATIONAL ELECTORAL COMMISSION........................................ 32 5.0 INDEPENDENT CANDIDATURE ......................................................................................... 34 6.0 TALE OF THE UNOPPOSED CANDIDATES....................................................................... 36 7.0 TEMCO ASSESSMENT OF THE NOMINATION PROCESS .............................................. 38 8.0 CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................................... 39 iv 4.0 MANAGEMENT OF 2010 UNION ELECTIONS .................................................................... 40 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 40 2.0 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE 2010 ELECTIONS ................ 40 3.0 ADMINISTRATION OF THE ELECTIONS .......................................................................... 41 4.0 FUNCTIONS OF THE NATIONAL ELECTORAL COMMISSION ..................................... 41 5.0 INDEPENDENCE OF THE NATIONAL ELECTORAL COMMISSION ............................. 42 6.0 FINANCIAL RESOURCES FOR ELECTORAL MANAGEMENT ...................................... 44 7.0 UPDATE OF PERMANENT NATIONAL VOTERS REGISTER ......................................... 44 8.0 UPGRADE OF ELECTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS .................................................... 45 9.0 VOTER EDUCATION ............................................................................................................. 47 10.0 CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................................... 48 5.0 CONDUCT OF THE CAMPAIGNS ........................................................................................... 49 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 49 2.0 CONTEXT AND OVERVIEW ................................................................................................ 49 3.0 CAMPAIGN REGULATIONS AND CODE OF CONDUCT ................................................ 51 4.0 CAMPAIGN CHRONOLOGY, MODALITIES AND STRATEGIES ................................... 52 5.0 CAMPAIGN AGENDAS AND ISSUES ................................................................................. 55 6.0 SECURITY ARRANGEMENTS ............................................................................................. 58 7.0 FINANCING OF THE CAMPAIGNS ..................................................................................... 59 8.0 ADVANTAGES OF INCUMBENCY IN THE CAMPAIGNS ............................................... 60 9.0 PROBLEMS AND CONTROVERSIES .................................................................................. 61 10.0 OVERALL ASSESSMENT ..................................................................................................... 65 11.0 CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................................... 66 6.0 THE MEDIA AND ELECTORAL PROCESS .......................................................................... 67 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 67 2.0 ROLE OF THE MEDIA IN ELECTORAL DEMOCRACY ................................................... 68 3.0 PATTERN OF MEDIA COVERAGE AND REPORTING ..................................................... 72 4.0 REPORTING PATTERN OF THE STATE OWNED MEDIA ............................................... 74 5.0 REPORTING PATTERN OF THE PRIVATE OWNED MEDIA ........................................... 77 6.0 FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND EXPRESSION IN ELECTORAL CAMPAIGNS ................. 79 7.0 INVESTIGATING AND EXPOSING ABUSES ..................................................................... 81 8.0 STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF MEDIA IN TANZANIA........................................ 82 9.0 ADHERENCE TO PROFESSIONAL CODE OF CONDUCT ................................................ 83 10.0 CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................................... 85 v 7.0 WOMEN PARTICIPATION IN THE ELECTIONS ................................................................ 86 1.0 INTRODUCTION
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