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William Gibson. "Ncuromancer"

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William Gibson. (... ) t'tlllW I' occhio corpnrulc cue \\:.1 .., tutti ~lliobietti luori .li ';,' ed hu dclln spccchio bisogno per vcderc SI." sll.'~,~'l' I .... like the human eye. which cau M!C everything outside III it. but it needs a mirror til SCI.' itself) l(lil1\ unbanista Vicu, "Scienza nuova") Why ain't I rich'.' (..,) Well Case, alii call say 10 that ( ,.) Is that what you think or as [the (';lillpany 1 is only a part olnnother. a. shall \VI.' say. 1}tJ!.~l1h!lentity, 1. let tis say. lim merely one aSlwl't of that l'lllity's brain. It's rather like dealing. Irom yOUI' point or view. with a man whose lobes have been severed. (William Gibson. "Ncuromancer") Fvery suture creates new wounds, (Antonio Negri, "Marx beyond Marx") ABBRFVl,\Tl()"\S ABI' vdult B,I~;ic l.ducution. ('BI r "( 'ompletely llnilt-! iI' ('K!) "( 'PIllI)k·tdy Knocked-Down". ('( )S;\ll; l'!ln!'Jr~;~;Ill' SII\llh ,\nil-an lrade I 'Ilium. (,PSA t 'hurch of th,,' Province Ill' SPlIth ,\tika collection. l icp.uuucnt Ill' Historical Papers. l !nl\l,·l".it~ of the WU\\;I(I:I;,!',lIhl. Jllh,IIIIl~~,hllll' 1:()S;\ nr Federation til' South Alrie.m [Iillil' l'IIHlIb, (jJ IP (ill\ in Ilurt IIII'd Papers. pnv atl' l'lll kl:til'll, ,II r "Just-in-Time". ivlA('Wt lSA Motor ,\ssl'mhlt.ns and ('tlllIPllllt.'lIt'i Wlll'h'l'" t ruion otxonth Africa. r-..ms.\ \1~l''''l!d,"'solknl SlIlIth ,\11 Wi! NA.\ WI N,\lilllhll :\u\omnhill! and Allied \\\11 ket ': I 'nion NI<' N\)\\ Iy Indusll'hllilill[', Country. Nt lMS:\ Nalh\l\al t 'nion or M~lal\\lll'kl!l', 1'1' S\l\lth ,\lri..;,l, SAM( '( lR Smith ,\likan MillIn' (\lI'pI1ratlllll, L\ II l'any Adler Pap~ni. Ik'panml'!lt tIt' l listorival )1<11'1'1"'., l 'niv t'Pilty or till.' \\,1l\\all.'I'Sl'all~l • .rllllalll1~~c.btll't~. I'KP It Illy K"lIhl' Palwn" Natiounl Union III' \klal\\ Ill'k~'l~i111' ~';pl1lh.\t'rie;!, IC,)l\1 1111al ()Ilalily \laIHlt'l'nwlll ·u Milit;lIll:~ and I !IIIlI1L'illillll;l1 S\1\1<'()H . ...........................il'l ('J I.\P IlR r:IVF " S,\1\!( '( II{ Blues. Restructuring, I h:\ibilil: •. and WorkplaL'(' Sllhk~'li\it: 5.1 "Solllt:thing is ( 'hal1t~ill!''''A Perceived Workplace Slll'i.l[ ( Ink,!' ill !lang r 1)3 ~.2 ..\ t 'ybcrnetie S\watsl1l1p'.' The \101al h:PlllllllY III 1._·\·!tIl11lp!" at :.;.\\1('()IL 10.2 5..'\ Orahbing lust: 1'hI:Social Construction pr<.l!Jalit~ at s,\~I('( lIt ""'''' " 111 SA Workers, tho.' I 'nion and Resist.mce 1.11 ('( )N( 'l.t TSH >N....... .. , .. ..... ,........ I·H, R!J·l:I~I-:N( ·!:S . ........................................ " ISt) ('ONTEN1S INTR( )J)l r( 'TIt )N" "'" , " """'" ..,,, " ..""" ",." " " " "" .. , 1 1.1 'l'he J.'y~ and the Mirror: Subjectivity, tonsciousncss, and (·lass 7 1.2 Wlll'k~1' Subjectivity as PI'O~'~s':and Practice ""." .. " " ".10 1J Promises not Kept, Worker SlIbie~·li\ity and the Rcsuucturing I1J \\ lll'k 1<+ 1A What s in a Mudc]: l'he Flcxibilitv Dchute IW1\WI.'1l Subordination and (·0I1SCllt.. ... " ..... 23 lj Conclusion , " " ,.~ CIIAPTFR TWO n Research 1'-.kthodoioL\Y: Towards a "Working Class Sodlllogy" 2.1 Reseurchin]; SAMt'()R Workers .35 :2.:; Methodological Rationulc ofthe Worker Lnquir) " \t) ('IIAPTI·:R TIIRIJ~· fuming Poinu: 01' lk'ad l.nds" The South African Automobile Industry in .1.1 Modern limes'.' South Atrican Automobile Manufucturiup and the t ilobul (.'hallenge \)1' Flexibility ..+.1 Munutacturinu , , 5() SAM{'( lR Automobile lndu-ary ... ""." ... facilities which "'1l111'll11lt1',1~ I~ldlilat"drhe writinu ol til,' till.'''', !\.l.ynll Bmwn did not read 1111.'manuscripts, tYI'-' the 1,'\1, (·1provide comments. But she eav\.! me a unique kind p1' support without which Illy research would have hl.",'!l impossible. 1.:1'1l\\'III)1'. S!~\l' \\ri;.'lil t Monash t 'nlwr:,11Y. Mclhounu-}, .md j j;i1:~ ('11.';1\\.'1'i1'nivcrsity 01 Icxus. Au-tin I, Michael Hardt (Dul«: Univcrsny. Durh.un). '\ lassim« 1)(: Angdis (\ rniversi ty of l-ast London. lundun I K). Harald BI..'Yl'r·.\nlt'\;1'1I d 'nl\\'(",11\ llrIkl'1'cn. Norway), turtis Price rBnltimnll!. t lSA I. Julin Ilutuyk (l niv l'r:ilty III Manchester: . Jun Sjlllllll!SSOn (Stll\.;khlllm, Sweden), \hllity Neill ("Midnighl NIlI~'s" Collective . Jamaica Plain i\L\. lISA). Gerald Levy (1Ini\l'l'~ily (11' Sydney), Hrian .U:.:lIldi..'!' (I nivcrsity of Michigun, Ann Arbon. (iellrgc Cat' vutzix (t :ni\\"l'sily ,lrSlluthl..'l'!1 Maine. Portlund I. Ra!'I!<I1' \ lyklebuxt (I ini\l"nlity of Oslo, ~\lI'\\ay' and Jon Ikash.'y-~ Iunay (! )tIkI.' I 'niversity, II urh all11, ~~1lll11.'ideas and lln.ling» (if this rcseurch 11'1\l' hCl'1I discussed in other occasions. where IIll:Y hav , received IISI.'I'u1 Iccdhucks. I wb,h til thank NOll!' Nil·t'tagpdh:n and Cynthiu Kros for the Postgruuuatc l-orum at the I rnivcrsity of the Wimat\;'l'srand: h:Ih:it: ( ilenn (I Tni\ I,.'rsity Ill' N :It.\I. Pierermoritzburg: I'll" the )1)% ('tlllgl'l!~;,' Ill' the South African Sociological Association, where Richard Ilyman «(lnl\el'sity Ill' Warwick) P:'11\ ided useful CllIl1111l.'ntS:Stephen Cullcnberg (llnivl.'l'sit: Ilf( 'alifornia, Riverside: and Rob Garnett tlexas Christian t lniversity. Forth Worth) tor the 1()()(l "Rethinking Marxism" t 'onference Oil "Politics and l.anguuges ol't 'ontcmporary Marxism" (111II\'l.'l'sity of Massachusetts .. \Illhel'st', My al.'knl'wkdl~l~ml.'nIS l~.I\ ulso to I leinrich Bolnnke. Ashwin Desai and l.vnn Manvaris (Univershy oCDlII'ban, Westville), Ikwl'ly Silver (.illhns' I Iopkms University. Baltimore). Lama Fiocco (lIn" ersity of ( 'alabria. Italy). and til Rl.'had Iksai (t 'nin:r.';lly lIt' the Witwatcrsrund). Till' library staff' Ill' Ill,' Iollowiun institutious lllkn'd I1W invaluable and paticnr help: Sllchllo!J~ (\1' Work \ 'nit Resource Centre I lllwr~ily III the \\ it\\ utcrsrund, and in particular its Adminisnution Otllcer. ,\Illhl."l Mctcallc: Randse .\Ii'ika;tll~'l'\ 'nivcrsiteit: University 1'1 the Witwatcrsrund libruries, Inter ..1 ibrary I 11;\I1S and Ikpaltllwllt PI' I .istorical l'apcr«: Univcrsitv Ill' So,nh Alricn. Pretoria. lhis research has lwen madv possible h~.t hlll~;al'~ fro II I the l 111\ ,'!';dty olPadovu, Italy linall.'. two contributions .11.'>;\,'I\\.' a \vry ',pl'lialllll'l1tillll, Richard Levin a\'I.'I.~l'lt'd til :,han' with lilt' thv flll\,l\'~ (1\ hi-, \11'11.:,', with structures and :\( 'KNOW I ,EI)( a:\IF"ITS This thesis is part of a broader research project on \\ IIl'k,'1' subjectivity, While workplace dimensions and dyruunics arc in\'.!stiga\~d here. further research I'm a PhD dlsscrtation will anal~ sc cxtrn-workplnce determinants. Thus. siucc thi~i research is a "\\'11I'I\ ill progress". and given that I will not be able til acknowledge the im.umcruble contributions til this study in the next future, it dolo'S no! SI.'1.'111 untimely to recognize them now. I maintain an outstanding intellectual debt \..ith the Department of Politics. Institutions and IIistMY. University or Bologna. Italy, and with its Director. Anna Marin Gentili, whose intellectual stature, critical encouragement and pel sonul Irieudship have invaluably assisted I1W so rar. An unparalleled cordiality. hospitality. advice and assistance was provided by the Department of Sociology. Uuiversity of the Witwutcrsruud, Johauncsburg lind by my colleague» at the Sociulogy of Work lInit, I wish tll than], in particular my supervisor, Glenn Adler, and all thnsc who have prov.ded materials and suggestions: Belinda nllZlllli. Jon Hyslop, Avril Joffe. Inn Mucun. Deboruli Posel. Tanya Rosenthal, Subcru Suttee and Eddie Webster. In two cases (Mariss« Moore and Flsa van lluysstecm all this was coupled by u close and enduring friendship. Workers and shop-stewards at ;,Atv!('{)R devoted time .md energies to this research: they WI.!I'I.! protagonist. not lllllY subjects. Ill' my enquiry. and. at the end, my subjectivity has enorruously bcueflttcd !i'OI11 the interaction \\ ith their p.uicncc, hum, iur and militancy, Gavin l lurtlord and l'ony Kgohl.' (NP~ IS,\) 1'1'0\ i.lcd 11\~' with aCl:I.!S~; to their impressive collections or documents. ( 'hris Lloyd and I lin) Ehrenreich (N t iMSA) [!n:atly assisted me in dealing with the union. Muny nf tho.:topics \)1' this pap..:1' haw been '.'iSl.:llSSl:d ill \ u'ious forums, I would like tu thank all tht! participants to 1111'"(ilubali/atioll \Vorl, ill!' \i:lllIP" (Pallkk Bond, Matthew Ginsburu, Durrell Mocllcndorf, HP;,~'IiIIL'\;ylllill' (;rq~ Ruiters. t irulunu \ all W,~k and 1-'1'<1111, Wilderson l. with whom this path is ~'I'IHilllliI11'ill lh~ lditorial ( 'ollectivc 111'"I khat~ \'lllc(.'s Irom tlw South African I clt" , and !lips\.' ill tilL' "Aut ..( lp"S\" Intl.'l'I1L'1i)iSI'IiSsillll l iroup. p uticularlv 1l1~ 1.',\- work and production oruanis.uion: namd:- that it CIIlhit!..'!':, subjectivity as a resource and it limi tation at the same! ime, Workers tend to respond to the contradictory nature of flexible production by articulating discourses and practices that re-cluboratc ,111d appropriate the promise of flexibility and elements of manugc-ial idculogy (such as workers' contribution tll quality) tll define new spaces of autonomy and control. '1hesc I'CSPOIlS\!S develop mainly as localised and inronual pructiccs, also given the union' S weakness in the plant and the general inability ofthe South African labour tnOW1l11.!11t in this sector to articulate an agenda Corprogrcssl\ I.! workplace change. As II conclusion, r suggest that there are two possible alter natives fucing the changing nature of worker subjectivity ill the age 01" flexibility.
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