DOCSLIB.ORG

Comparative Grammar of the Semitic Languages

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Comparative Grammar of the Semitic Languages CD TRUBNER'S ORIENTAL SERIES TRUBNER'S ORIENTAL SERIES RE-ISSUE AT A UNIFORM PRICE Demy 8vo, dark green cloth, gilt. ALBERUNI : India. An Account of the Religion, Philosophy, Literature, Geography, Chronology, Astronomy, Customs, Laws, and Astrology of India, about a.d. 1030. By Dr. Edward C. Sachau. ARNOLD : Indian Poetry and Indian Idylls. " (Sir E.) Containing The Indian of ", from the Sanskrit of the Gita Song Songs " " Govinda of : Two books from The IHad of India Jayadeva" (Mahabharata) : Proverbial Wisdom," from the. Shlokas of the Hitopadesa, and other Oriental Poems. BARTH (Dr. A.) : The Religions of India. Authorized Translation by Rev. J. Wood. BIGANDET (B. P.) : Life or Legend of Gaudama, the Buddha With the to of the Burmese ; Annotations, Ways Neibban, and Notice on the Phongyies or Burmese Monks. BEAL (Prof. S.) : Life of Hiuen-Tsiang. By the Shamans Hwui Li and Yen-Tsung. With a Preface containing an Account of the Works of I-Tsing. BEAL (Prof. S.) : Si-Yu-Ki : Buddhist Records of the Western World. Translated from the Chinese of Hiuen-Tsiang. COWELL (Prof. E. B.) : Sarva-Darsana-Samgraha ; or. Review of the Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy. By Madhava Acharya. Translated by Prof. E. B. Cowell, M.A., and Prof. A. E. Gough, M.A. DOWSON (Prof. J.) : Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology and Religion, Geography, History, and Literature. DUTT (R. C.) : Economic History of India under Early British in to of Rule ; from the Rise of the British Power 1757 Accession Queen Victoria. DUTT (R. C.) : Economic History of India in the Victorian from Accession of Victoria to Commencement of Age ; Queen Twentieth Century. EDKINS (Dr. J.) : Chinese Buddhism : A Volume of Sketches, Historical and Critical. New and Revised Edition. HAUG (Dr. M.) : Essays on the Sacred Language, Writings, and Religion of the Parsis. ROCKHILL (W. W.) : The Life of the Buddha and the Early History of his Order. Derived from Tibetan works in the Bkah-hgyur and Bstan-hgyur. Followed by notices on the early history of Tibet and Khoten. WEBER (Dr. A.) : History of Indian Literature. Translated by John Mann, M.A., and Theodore Zachariae, Ph.D. Fourth Edition. New volumes uniform with above BOULTING (Dr. W.) : Four Pilgrims : Hiuen-Tsiang, S»wulf, Mohammed Ibn Abd Allah, Ludovico Varthema of Bologna. FARBRIDGE (M. H.) : Studies in Biblical and Semitic Symbolism. McGOVERN (Dr. W.) : Manual of Buddhist Philosophy. Vol. I (Cosmology). O'LEARY (Dr. De L.) : Arabic Thought and its place in History. O'LEARY (Dr. De L.) : Short History of the Fatimid Khalifate. Other Volumes to follow. LONDON : KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO., LTD. "^^S^o COMPARATIVE GRAMMAR OF THE SEMITIC LANGUAGES BY DE LACY O'LEARY, D.D. Lecturer in Aramaic, etc., Bristol University ; author of Arabic Thought and its Place in History, A History of the Fatimid Khalifate, etc. LONDON KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO., LTD. NEW YORK: E. P. BUTTON & CO. 1923 Printed in Great Britain by Steiihen Austin d Sons, Ltd., Heitfcrd. BIBLIOGRAPHY General Barth, J. Die Nominalbildung in den semitisclien Sprache. (2) Leipzig, 1894. Pronominalbildung. Leipzig, 1913. Brookelmann, C. Grundriss der vergleiclienden Grammatik der semitischen Sprachen. Berlin, (i) 1908 ; (ii) 1913. Semitisohe Sprachwissenschaft. Leipzig, 1908, Cooke, G. A. Textbook of North Semitic Inscriptions. Oxford. Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticaruni. Paris, 1881, etc. Haupt, P. Oldest Semitic Verb Form. JRAS., N.S., x (1878), pp. 244-52. Hurwitz. Root Determinatives in Semitic Speech. New York, 1913. de Lagarde, P. Uebersicbt iiber die in Aram., Arab., und Hebr. iibliche BilduQg. Gottingen, 1889. Lambert, M. Observations sur la Theorie des Formes Nominales {Journal Asiatique, Fev.-Mars, 1890). Naville, E. L'evolution de la Langue ^figyptienne et lea Langues Semitiques. Paris, 1920. Kenan, E. Hist. Gen. des Langues Semitiques. Paris, 1863. Wright, W. Comparative Grammar of the Semitic Languages. Cambr., 1890. VoUers. System of Arabic Sounds. Trans, ix Internal. Congress of Orientalists, vol. ii, Lond., 1893 (pp. 130-54). Zunmern. Vergleichende Gramm. d. semitischen Sprache. Berlin, 1898. Arabic (Classical) Addai Scher. Les Mots Etrangers Introduits dans I'Arabe. 1908. Fluegel, G. Die grammatischen Schulen der Araber. 1862. Howell, M. S. Grammar of the Classical Arabic Language. 7 vols. Allahabad, 1880-1911. Lane, E. W. Arabic Lexicon, 8 vols. London, 1863-89. de Sacy, S. Grammaire Arabe. Paris, 1810. Wright, W. Arabic Grammar. (3) Cambridge, 1896-8. Zamakshari. Kitab al-Moufassal. Boulaq, a.h. 1291. vi BIBLIOGRAPHY Arabic (Arabian Dialects) Bittner, M. Studien . Mehri-Sprache, 1909. Jalin, A. Grammatik der Mehri-Sprache. 1905. Jayakar, A. The Omanee dialect of Arabic. 1889. Omanee Proverbs, n.d. Landberg, C. de. Etudes sur les Dialectes de I'Arabie Meridionale. (i) Hadramout, 1901. (ii) Datinah, 1905-9. Mueller, D. H. Die Mehri und Soquotri Spracbe. (Suedarab. 1907. Expedition.) Vols, iv, 1902 ; vi, 1905 ; vii, Reinhardt. Ein arabiscber Dialekt in Oman und Zanzibar. 1894. Rhodokanakis, N. Zur Forraenlebre des Mebri. 1910. Snouck Huxgronje, C. Mekkaniscbe Spricbworter. 1887. Socin. Diwan aus Centralarabien. Leipzig, 1900-1. Stace, E. V. An Englisb-Arabic vocabulary. 1893. (Syria and Palestine) Bauer, L. Das Palaestiniscbe Arabiscb, 1910. David. Etude sur le Dialeote Arabe de Damas. 1888. Loebr, M. Der vulgararabiscbe Dialekt von Jerusalem. 1905. Mattson, E. Etudes Phonologiques sur le Dialecte . — de Beyrouth. 1910. ('Iraq) Socin, A. Der arabische Dialekt von Mosul und Maerdin. 1883. Van Ess, J. Spoken Arabic of Mesopotamia, Oxford, 1917. — (Egypt) Dulac, H, Contes Arabes en Dialecte de la Haute-Egypte. 1885. Gairdner, W. H. T. Egyptian Colloquial Arabic. Cambridge, 1917. Spitta Bey, G. Gramra. des ar. Vulgardialektes von Aegypten. Leipzig, 1880. Vollers, K. Lehrbuch der aegypto-arab. Umgangssprache. Cairo, 1890. Willmore, J. S. Spoken Arabic of Egypt. London, 1905. — (North Africa) Clermont, J. L'Arabe Parle Tunisien. Tunis, 1909. Cotelle, H. Le langage Arabe . de I'Algerie. 1873. Crussard, E., et H. Chergui. Manuel. 19io. BIBLIOGEAPHY vii Delaporte, J. Principes de I'ldiome . Alger, 1839. Maryais, W. Le Dialecte Arabe Parle a TIcmyen. Paris, 1902. Le Dialecte Arabe des Ulad Brahim. Paris, 1908. Stumme, H. Grammatik dea tunisisohen Arab. Leipzig, 1896. Aeabic (Maltese) Stiimme, H. Maltesiscbe Studien. Leipzig, 1904. Vasalli, M. Grammatica della lingua maltese. Malta, 1827. Abyssinian (Ge'ez) Dillmann, A, Grammatik der aetbiopiscben Spracbe. Leipzig, 1903. Cbaine, M. Grammaire Etbiopienne. 1907. Praetorius. Aetbiopiscbe Grammatik. Berlin, 1886. - - — (Anabaric) Afevork, G. Grammatica della lingua amarica. 1906. Alone, J. Sbort Manual of tbe Ambaric Language. 1909. Armbruster, C. H. Tnitia Ambarica. 1908. Gramm. Elementare della Lingua Amarinna. Rome, 1891. Mabler, L. Praktiscbe Grammatik der ambariscben Spracbe. Wien, 1905. (Tigre) . , Conti-Rossini, C. Docutrenti per lo studio della lingua tigre. 1903. Perini, R. Manuale teoretico-pratico della lingua tigre. 1893. (Tigrina) Praetorius, F. Grammatik der Tigrina Spracbe. 1871. de Vito. Grammatica elementare della lingua tigrigna. Rome, 1895. MiN^AN ; Sab^an . in tbe Inscriptions in tbe Himyaritio cbaracter . now Britisb Museimi. London, 1863. Langer und Mueller. Sabaeisobe Inscbriften. 1883. Prideaux, W. Sabaean Grammar. London, 1877. Hebrew, etc. Bickell, G. Outlines of Heb, Gram, annotated by S. Curtiss. 1877. Cbwolson, D. Die Quiescentes in der alt-Heb. Ortbogr. 1878. viu BIBLIOGRAPHY Gesenius, W. Hebrew Grammar, enlarged by Kautzsch, revised by A. E. Cowley. Oxford, 1910. Driver, S. R. Use of the Tenses in Hebrew. 1881. Rosenberg, J. Phoenikische Sprachlehre. 1907. Aramaic and Syriac (Biblical Aramaic) Kautzsch, E. Grammatik des Bibl.-Aram. Leipzig, 1884. Marti, K. Knrzgefasste Gramm. der Bibl. Aram. Berlin, 1896. Sachau. Aram. Papyrus und Ostraka. 1911. Sayce and Cowley. Aramaic Papyri discovered at Assouan. 1906. (Samaritan) Petermann, J. H. Grammatica Samaritana. 1873. ! (Syriac) ; Brockelmann. Syrische Grammatik. Berlin, 1905. ] Duval. Traite de Grammaire 1881. Syriaque. I Maclean. Grammar of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac. ' Cambridge, 1895. Merx. Hist, artis gramm aticae apud Syros. Leipzig, 1889. Noldeke, Th. Neusyrische Grammatik. Leipzig, 1868. | Knrzgefasste syrische Grammatik. Leipzig, 1898. i Uhlemann. der 1857. Grammatik syrischen Spraohe. i i (Jewish Aramaic) Dalman. Grammatik des Aramaeisch. 1894. jiidisch-palaatin. ; Levy, J. Neuhebraisches und Chaldaisches Worterbuch iiber die Talmudim. Leipzig, 1875. Margolis. Lehrbuch der aramaeischen Sprache des bab. Talmuds. 1910. I ' (Mandaean) Noldeke, Th. MandaLiche Grammatik. Halle, 1875. | Babylonian-Assyrian ' Delitzsch, F. Assyxische Grammatik. Berlin, 1906. Assyrian Phonology {Hehraica, vol. i). King, L. W. First Steps in Assyrian. 1898. Hammurabi's Letters. 3 vols. 1898-1900. Koehler and as Gesetz Ungnad (cited K.U.). Hammurabi's ^ 1904, etc. j Ungnad, A. Babylonische-assyrische Grammatik. Berlin, 1906. I CONTENTS SECTIONS X zu CONTENTS SBCTIONS PAGE 68. Final 133 (iii) group .... 69. (iv) Inserted half-vowel 134: 70. (II) Haplology and Elision .... 135 (a) Consecutive open Syllables with same consonant and same vowel 135 71. (6) Consecutive open Syllables with same consonant and short vowel 136 72. (c) Omission of initial or closure when homogeneous .... 136 73. (d) Elision of one of two homogeneous consonants separated by a third xiv CONTENTS XV SECTIONS — PAGE 149. (/) Secondary Tenses (i) Assyrian Permansive.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Copyright © 2014 Richard Charles Mcdonald All Rights Reserved. The
    Copyright © 2014 Richard Charles McDonald All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without, limitation, preservation or instruction. GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS BIBLICAL HEBREW TEXTS ACCORDING TO A TRADITIONAL SEMITIC GRAMMAR __________________ A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy __________________ by Richard Charles McDonald December 2014 APPROVAL SHEET GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS BIBLICAL HEBREW TEXTS ACCORDING TO A TRADITIONAL SEMITIC GRAMMAR Richard Charles McDonald Read and Approved by: __________________________________________ Russell T. Fuller (Chair) __________________________________________ Terry J. Betts __________________________________________ John B. Polhill Date______________________________ I dedicate this dissertation to my wife, Nancy. Without her support, encouragement, and love I could not have completed this arduous task. I also dedicate this dissertation to my parents, Charles and Shelly McDonald, who instilled in me the love of the Lord and the love of His Word. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.............................................................................................vi LIST OF TABLES.............................................................................................................vii
    [Show full text]
  • From Root to Nunation: the Morphology of Arabic Nouns
    From Root to Nunation: The Morphology of Arabic Nouns Abdullah S. Alghamdi A thesis in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Humanities and Languages Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences March 2015 PLEASE TYPE THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname or Family name: Alghamdi First name: Abdullah Other name/s: Abbreviation for degree as given in the University calendar: PhD School: Humanities and Languages Faculty: Arts and Social Sciences Title: From root to nunation: The morphology of Arabic nouns. Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASE TYPE) This thesis explores aspects of the morphology of Arabic nouns within the theoretical framework of Distributed Morphology (as developed by Halle and Marantz, 1993; 1994, and many others). The theory distributes the morphosyntactic, phonological and semantic properties of words among several components of grammar. This study examines the roots and the grammatical features of gender, number, case and definiteness that constitute the structure of Arabic nouns. It shows how these constituents are represented across different types of nouns. This study supports the view that roots are category-less, and merge with the category-assigning feature [n], forming nominal stems. It also shows that compositional semantic features, e.g., ‘humanness’, are not a property of the roots, but are rather inherent to [n]. This study supports the hypothesis that roots are individuated by indices and the proposal that these indices are conceptual in nature. It is shown that indices may activate special language-specific rules by which certain types of Arabic nouns are formed. Furthermore, this study argues that the masculine feature [-F] is prohibited from remaining part of the structure of Arabic nonhuman plurals.
    [Show full text]
  • Report Resumes Ed 012 361 the Structure of the Arabic Language
    REPORT RESUMES ED 012 361 THE STRUCTURE OF THE ARABIC LANGUAGE. BY- YUSHMANOV; N.V. CENTER FOR APPLIED LINGUISTICS, WASHINGTON,D.C. REPORT NUMBER NDEA-VI-128 PUB DATE EDRS PRICE MF-$0.50 HC-$3.76 94F. DESCRIPTORS- *ARABIC, *GRAMMAR: TRANSLATION,*PHONOLOGY, *LINGUISTICS, *STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, DISTRICTOF COLUMBIA THE PRESENT STUDY IS A TRANSLATIONOF THE WORK "STROI ARABSK0G0 YAZYKA" BY THE EMINENT RUSSIANLINGUIST AND SEMITICS SCHOLAR, N.Y. YUSHMANOV. IT DEALSCONCISELY WITH THE POSITION OF ARABIC AMONG THE SEMITICLANGUAGES AND THE RELATION OF THE LITERARY (CLASSICAL)LANGUAGE TO THE VARIOUS MODERN SPOKEN DIALECTS, AND PRESENTS ACONDENSED BUT COMPREHENSIVE SUMMARY OF ARABIC PHONOLOGY ANDGRAMMAR. PAGES FROM SAMPLE TEXTS ARE INCLUDED. THIS REPORTIS AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY MOSHE PERLMANN. (IC) w4ur;,e .F:,%ay.47A,. :; -4t N. V. Yushmanov The Structure of the Arabic Language Trar Mated from the Russian by Moshe Perlmann enter for Applied Linguistics of theModern Language Association of America /ashington D.C. 1961 N. V. Yushmanov The Structure of the Arabic Language. Translated from the Russian by Moshe Perlmann Center for Applied Linguistics of the Modern Language Association of America Washington D.C. 1961 It is the policy of the Center for Applied Linguistics to publish translations of linguistic studies and other materials directly related to language problems when such works are relatively inaccessible because of the language in which they are written and are, in the opinion of the Center, of sufficient merit to deserve publication. The publication of such a work by the Center does not necessarily mean that the Center endorses all the opinions presented in it or even the complete correctness of the descriptions of facts included.
    [Show full text]
  • VERBAL COMPLEMENTIZERS in ARABIC by Hossam Eldin Ibrahim Ahmed a Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty Of
    VERBAL COMPLEMENTIZERS IN ARABIC by Hossam Eldin Ibrahim Ahmed A dissertation submitted to the faculty of The University of Utah in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Linguistics The University of Utah December 2015 Copyright © Hossam Eldin Ibrahim Ahmed 2015 All Rights Reserved The University of Utah Graduate School STATEMENT OF DISSERTATION APPROVAL The dissertation of Hossam Eldin Ibrahim Ahmed has been approved by the following supervisory committee members: Edward J. Rubin , Chair June 3, 2015 Date Approved Patricia Hanna , Member June 3, 2015 Date Approved Aniko Csirmaz , Member June 3, 2015 Date Approved Howard Lasnik , Member June 3, 2015 Date Approved Kleanthes K. Grohmann , Member June 3, 2015 Date Approved and by Edward J. Rubin , Chair of the Department of Linguistics and by David B. Kieda, Dean of The Graduate School. ABSTRACT A class of Modern Standard Arabic complementizers known as ‘ʔinna and its sisters’ demonstrate unique case and word order restrictions. While CPs in Arabic allow both Subject‐Verb (SV) and Verb‐Subject (VS) word order and their subjects show nominative morphology, CPs introduced by ʔinna ban a verb from directly following the complementizer. Preverbal subjects in ʔinna clauses show accusative case marking, while postverbal subjects show nominative morphology. Previous research explains these restrictions as default case or Multiple Case Assignment, both problematic for Case Theory as they violate the Activation Principle. This dissertation explains word order and case effects of ʔinna within the framework of Phase Theory and Feature Inheritance (FI). Morphological, historical, and usage evidence point out that ʔinna‐type complementizers have verbal properties similar to illocutionary verbs.
    [Show full text]
  • Grammar of Urdu Or Hindustani.Pdf
    OF THE URDU OR HINDUSTANI LANGUAGE. BY THE SAME AUTHOR. Crown 8vo, cloth, price 2s. 6d. HINDUSTANI EXERCISES. A Series of Passages and Extracts adapted for Translation into Hindustani. Crown 8vo, cloth, price 7s. IKHWANU-9 SAFA, OR BROTHERS OF PURITY. Translated from the Hindustani. "It has been the translator's object to adhere as closely as possible to the original text while rendering the English smooth and intelligible to the reader, and in this design he has been throughout successful." Saturday Review. GRAMMAR URDU OR HINDUSTANI LANGUAGE. JOHN DOWSON, M.R.A.S., LAT5 PROCESSOR OF HINDCSTANI, STAFF COLLEGE. Cfjtrfl (SBitton. LONDON : KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO. L DRYDEN HOUSE, GERRARD STREET, W. 1908. [All riijhts reserved.] Printed by BALLANTYNK, HANSOM &* Co. At the Ballantyne Press, Edinburgh TABLE OF CONTENTS. PACK PREFACE . ix THE ALPHABET 1 Pronunciation . .5,217 Alphabetical Notation or Abjad . 1 7 Exercise in Reading . 18 THE AKTICLE 20 THE Nora- 20 Gender 21 Declension. ...... 24 Izafat 31 THE ADJECTIVE 32 Declension ...... 32 Comparison ... 33 PRONOUNS Personal. ...... 37 Demonstrative ...... 39 Respectful 40 Reflexive 41 Possessive 41 Relative and Correlative . .42 Interrogative . 42 Indefinite ....... 42 Partitive . 43 Compound. .43 VERB 45 Substantive and Auxiliary 46 Formation of . 46 Conjugation of Neuter Verbs . .49 Active Verbs . 54 Irregulars . .57 Hona 58 Additional Tenses . 60 2004670 CONTENTS. VERB (continued) Passive Verb ....... 62 Formation of Actives and Causals ... 65 Nominals 69 Intensives ..... 70 Potentials Completives . .72 Continuatives .... Desideratives ..... 73 Frequentatives .... 74 Inceptives . 75 Permissives Acquisitives . .76 Reiteratives ..... 76 ADVKRBS ......... 77 PREPOSITIONS 83 CONJUNCTIONS 90 INTERJECTIONS ....... 91 NUMERALS ......... 91 Cardinal 92 Ordinal 96 Aggregate 97 Fractional 97 Ralcam 98 Arabic 99 Persian 100 DERIVATION 101 Nouns of Agency .
    [Show full text]
  • Inflected Article in Proto-Arabic and Some Other West Semitic Languages*
    ASIAN AND AFRICAN STUDIES, 9, 2000, I, 24-35 INFLECTED ARTICLE IN PROTO-ARABIC AND SOME OTHER WEST SEMITIC LANGUAGES* Andrzej Z a b o r s k i M. Zebrzydowskiego 1, 34-130 Kalwaria Zebrzydowska, Poland The Arabic, Canaanite and Modern South Arabian definite article has a common origin and goes back to an original demonstrative pronoun which was a compound inflected for gen­ der, number and probably also for case. It can be reconstructed as *han(V)~ for masc. sing., *hat(V)~ for fern. sing, and *hal(V)- for plural. Assimilations of -n- and -t- to the following consonant (including -n-l- > -11- and -t-l- > II) neutralized the opposition of gender and number and led to a reinterpretation of either hcil/’al- or han/’an-> ’am- synchronically as basic variant. In Aramaic the suffixed definite article was due not to simple suffixation o f hā but to a resegmentation of the postposed compound demonstrativehā-zē-[n(ā)] and suffixation of enclitic hā> -ā which has been generalized. The problem of the definite article in the West Semitic languages has been discussed by many scholars, so that there is a rather abundant literature on the subject and opinions differ widely. Older studies were briefly reviewed by Barth (1907), while in the most recent contribution D. Testen (1998) discusses most of the newer studies (e.g. Wensinck 1931, Ullendorf 1965, Lambdin 1971, Rundgren 1989) and he develops a hypothesis going back at least to Stade (1879, § 132a; cf. Croatto 1971) saying that the Arabic, Canaanite and Modern South Arabian1 definite article goes back to an “assertative” particle */ (sic!) which is continued both by la- i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • The Phoenician Language: Remarks on the Present State of Research
    Originalveröffentlichung in: Atti del I. Congresso Internationale di Studi Fenici e Punici / 2, Rom, 1983, S. 375-385 THE PHOENICIAN LANGUAGE: REMARKS ON THE PRESENT STATE OF RESEARCH W. ROLLIG The topic of the present talk was suggested to me by the organizers of this con­ gress (*). It seems to me, that these illustri colleghi and we are clear what we mean when we speak of the « Phoenician language ». But is this actually the case? Several years ago E. Ullendorff published a rather provocative article entitled « Is Biblical Hebrew a Language? » (')• This question can just as easely be asked of Phoeni­ cian. The same holds true, with slight modification, for Ullendorff's initial statement of purpose: « I am simply interested to know whether the words, forms, and construc­ tions that happen to occur in this corpus of relatively modest size, which we call the Hebrew Bible, would be adequate to serve as a basis for the ordinar day-to-day re­ quirements of a normal speech community ». He comes to the conclusion that it is « clearly no more than a linguistic fragment, ... scarcely a full integrated language which ... could ever have been spoken and have satisfied the needs of its speakers » (2). In view of the corpus of Phoenician and Punic inscriptions our statements must be much more modest. For, notwithstanding the welcome increase of textual material in the past decades (3). Phoenician probably remains the worst transmitted and least known of all Semitic languages. The size of the corpus, numerically so impressive, gives a misleading impression of plenty, since the inscriptions are hallmarked by a monotony of contents and a formulaic and laconic style.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen
    PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/145725 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2021-10-09 and may be subject to change. fßi The Emergence of Standard Maltese: The Arabic Factor Mathias Hubertus Prevaes Nijmegen 1993 The Emergence of Standard Maltese: The Arabic Factor een wetenschappelijke proeve op het gebied van de Letteren Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen, volgens besluit van het College van Decanen in bet openbaar te verdedigen op donderdag 13 januari 1994, des namiddags te 3.30 uur precies door Mathias Hubertus Prevaes geboren op 3 november 1956 te Heerlen Promotores: Prof. Dr. C.H.M. Versteegh Prof. Dr. Μ.Α. Woidich (Universiteit van Amsterdam) CIP-GEGEVENS KONINKLIJKE BIBLIOTHEEK, DEN HAAG Prevaes, Mathias Hubertus The emergence of standard Maltese: the Arabic factor / Mathias Hubertus Prevaes. - [S.l. : s.n.] Proefschrift Nijmegen. - Met lit. opg., reg. ISBN 90-9006729-9 Trefw.: Maltees ; geschiedenis / Maltees en Arabische taal. β M.H. Previe, 1993 CONTENTS Introduction Chapter One: Maltese and Arabic: A Relationship in Historical Perspective 1 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 The Study of the Origins of the Maltese Language 1 1.2 Maltese and the Arabic Dialects 4 1.3 Arabic Linguistics and Maltese Studies: Mutual Interests 8 Chapter Two: Malta: Its Arabization in Historical Context
    [Show full text]
  • Holy Scripture Illustrated by Recent
    JOURNAL OF THE TRANSACTIONS OF ®ht telict11ria Jnstitut~, on, Jgifosopgital Sodd~ of ~nat Jrifain. EDITED BY THE HONORARY SECHETARY, CAPTAIN F. W. H. PETRIE, F.G.S., &c. VOL. XXVIII. UON DON~: (Jluuli~clr b!! tbc :IEnstitutr, 8, \!llt'lpl)i et:crracr, ~baring ~rtrss, §".~.) INDIA: w. THACKER & Co. UNITED STATES: G. T. PUTN.AM'S SONS, JS. r. AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND: G. ROBERTSON & Co. Lrn. CAN.ADA: DAWSON BROS., Montreal. S . .AFRICA: JUTA & Co., Cape 1'own. PARIS: GALIGNANI. 1896. ALL RIG H T S RES E 11, Y ED, ORDINARY MEETING. D. HOWARD, EsQ., D.L., F.C.S.? IN THE CHAIR. The Minutes of the last Meeting were read and confirmed, and the following elections took place :- MEMBERS :-Lieut.-Col. A. M. Arthur, Lon.don; G. F. Healey, Esq., Lancashire. · AssocIATES :-Rev. R. Adams, M.A., T.C.D. ; H. Keeble, Esq., London; Rev. W. Summers, Egypt; Mrs. Vaughan, Glamorganshire. The following paper was then read by the author:- HOLY SCRIPTURE ILLUSTRATED AND CON­ FIRMED BY RECENT DISCOVERIES IN PALESTINE AND THE EAST. By Professor E. HULL, LL.D.. , F.R.S. HE present period has been one of searching inquiry and T criticism regarding the authenticity and authority of Holy Scripture; the criticism-often euphemistically called "the higher criticism"-has sometimes been carried beyond all reasonable bounds ; but this is a subject which I cannot further touch on as it is outside our present object. But it is also a remarkable fact that witbin the last few years there have been many discoveries, especially amongst the ruins of Palestine and adjoining countries, which have tended to corroborate in a remarkable degree the accounts of events recorded in the Bible,particularlyin the Old Testament.
    [Show full text]
  • Wisdom Editing in the Book of Psalms: Vocabulary, Themes, and Structures Steven Dunn Marquette University
    Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette Dissertations (2009 -) Dissertations, Theses, and Professional Projects Wisdom Editing in the Book of Psalms: Vocabulary, Themes, and Structures Steven Dunn Marquette University Recommended Citation Dunn, Steven, "Wisdom Editing in the Book of Psalms: Vocabulary, Themes, and Structures" (2009). Dissertations (2009 -). Paper 13. http://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu/13 Wisdom Editing in the Book of Psalms: Vocabulary, Themes, and Structures By Steven Dunn, B.A., M.Div. A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School, Marquette University, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Milwaukee, Wisconsin December 2009 ABSTRACT Wisdom Editing in the Book of Psalms: Vocabulary, Themes, and Structures Steven Dunn, B.A., M.Div. Marquette University, 2009 This study examines the pervasive influence of post-exilic wisdom editors and writers in the shaping of the Psalter by analyzing the use of wisdom elements—vocabulary, themes, rhetorical devices, and parallels with other Ancient Near Eastern wisdom traditions. I begin with an analysis and critique of the most prominent authors on the subject of wisdom in the Psalter, and expand upon previous research as I propose that evidence of wisdom influence is found in psalm titles, the structure of the Psalter, and among the various genres of psalms. I find further evidence of wisdom influence in creation theology, as seen in Psalms 19, 33, 104, and 148, for which parallels are found in other A.N.E. wisdom texts. In essence, in its final form, the entire Psalter reveals the work of scribes and teachers associated with post-exilic wisdom traditions or schools associated with the temple.
    [Show full text]
  • The Damascus Psalm Fragment Oi.Uchicago.Edu
    oi.uchicago.edu The Damascus Psalm Fragment oi.uchicago.edu ********** Late Antique and Medieval Islamic Near East (LAMINE) The new Oriental Institute series LAMINE aims to publish a variety of scholarly works, including monographs, edited volumes, critical text editions, translations, studies of corpora of documents—in short, any work that offers a significant contribution to understanding the Near East between roughly 200 and 1000 CE ********** oi.uchicago.edu The Damascus Psalm Fragment Middle Arabic and the Legacy of Old Ḥigāzī by Ahmad Al-Jallad with a contribution by Ronny Vollandt 2020 LAMINE 2 LATE ANTIQUE AND MEDIEVAL ISLAMIC NEAR EAST • NUMBER 2 THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO CHICAGO, ILLINOIS oi.uchicago.edu Library of Congress Control Number: 2020937108 ISBN: 978-1-61491-052-7 © 2020 by the University of Chicago. All rights reserved. Published 2020. Printed in the United States of America. The Oriental Institute, Chicago THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO LATE ANTIQUE AND MEDIEVAL ISLAMIC NEAR EAST • NUMBER 2 Series Editors Charissa Johnson and Steven Townshend with the assistance of Rebecca Cain Printed by M & G Graphics, Chicago, IL Cover design by Steven Townshend The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Services — Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. ∞ oi.uchicago.edu For Victor “Suggs” Jallad my happy thought oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu Table of Contents Preface............................................................................... ix Abbreviations......................................................................... xi List of Tables and Figures ............................................................... xiii Bibliography.......................................................................... xv Contributions 1. The History of Arabic through Its Texts .......................................... 1 Ahmad Al-Jallad 2.
    [Show full text]
  • The Definite Articles in the Semitic Languages: a Comparative Study
    Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics www.iiste.org ISSN 2422-8435 An International Peer-reviewed Journal Vol.46, 2018 The Definite Articles in the Semitic Languages: A Comparative Study Dr. Ali Za'al Al-Khamayseh Isra University – Jordan, Faculty of Arts and Sciences - Department of Arabic Language and Literature Abstract In languages, definite articles have great importance in revealing the essence of the speech and its connotations. These definite articles contribute to the coherence of the linguistic text because they show the purpose behind the meanings and denotations. Without them, the speakers' words would be vague and suspicious.This study aims at defining the use of definite articles in the group of Semitic languages. The language texts of the discovered archeological scripts of these languages, which were recognized as geographically Semitic, were found out by a group of specialized archeologists and orientalists, and are considered in this study.The study has completely surveyed the use of definite articles in the Semitic languages. Arabic and its main dialects used the articles (AL, HA, HN, AM), whereas Phoenician and Hebrew used (HA). Ancient Aramaic and its Assyrian vernacular used long (A~) at the endings of names. Acadian, Ugaritian, and Ethiopian, however, did not show any use of the articles. Keywords : Definite Articles, (AL) (HA) (HN) (AM), long (A~) at the endings of names. 1.1- Introduction The conflict between the world powers has never stopped to dominate each other, a legitimate struggle, although it bases on force without a right that supports it. In the way of truth, it is not supported by force, and every nation tries to maintain its foundations for its survival.
    [Show full text]