The American Legion [Volume 124, No. 5 (May 1988)]

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~~Vol. 124, No. 5 May 1988~~

~~WEAPONS OF SPACE - See page 41.~~

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGA- ZINE, a leader among national D E P A T IVI E N T S general-interest publications, is published monthly by The Amer- BIG ISSUES ShmMCmigress Enact LawsToProhMtMDS Discrimination? 14 ican Legion for its 2.8 million members. These military-service veterans, working through DATELINE WASHINGTON 10 VETERANS UPDATE 48 VETERANS ALERT 54 16,000 community-level posts, dedicate themselves to God and LETTERS 12 LEGION NEWS BRIEFS 52 PARTING SHOTS 84 country and traditional American values; a strong national security; adequate and compassionate COVER The next battleground? Computer composition ofphotos from core for veterans, their widows Uniphoto Picture Agency by lightscapeslAudrey Berg and Mark Frank, and orphans; community serv- Boeing, U.S. Air Force, TheLTVCorp., and Image Bank. ice; and the wholesome development of our nation's youths.

J ARTICLES INTRODUCTION: PROVIDING FORTHE COMMON DEFENSE Strength andpreparedness are the surest routes to guaranteeAmerica's security. By Nafl Cmdr. John P. "Jake" Comer 6 INTRODUCTION: A DEFENSE THAT DEFENDS The uncertainty ofa successfulfirststrike is the key to deterrence. SDI would create that doubt in Soviet minds. By Secretary ofDefense Frank C. Carlucci 8 THE FREE ENTERPRISE PATRIOT: PARTS Andrew becomes an equal-opportunity employer ByJohn Rickey 16

~~WHAT I'LL DO FOR DEFENSE Thepresidential candidates answer the question: Ifelected, what will beyour top legislativepriority to bolsterAmerica's national defense? 18~~

~~THE MERCHANT OF LIES American ignorance and carelessness help make Soviet disinformation succeed. By Richard F. Staar 22~~

~~MUTUAL ASSURED DESTRUCTION: FAKE JEWEL IN THE CROWN OFARMS CONTROL MAD's madness to man: Livingin wooden houses withoutfire insurance. ByRichardN. Perle 24~~

ABM TREAH: FAILURE IN THE TRENCHES Narrow interpretations, not the ABMTreaty itself have hurt U. S. strategic defense. ByAmb. Edward L. Rowny 26 HOWWE LOST OUR NUCLEAR DETERRENT "We build. The Soviets build. We stop. The Soviets build. " By RobertJastrow 28 AMERICA'S SILVER-BULLET DEFENSE Current U.S. technology, ifdeployed, would remove the specter ofa Soviet surprise attack aimed at crippling our retaliatoryforces. ByJames Frelk 30 OUR WINDOW OF VULNERABILITY Without SDI, the nation's awesome military might can't defend even oneAmerican from a missile attack. 32

~~THE NATION'S PULSE ON SDI AND DEFENSE "How effective will SDI be?" "How much will SDI cost?" and other questions Americans ask most about SDI. 35~~

~~SDI AND SOVIET FOREIGN POLICY~~

Moscow has a morbidfear ofAmerica's SDIpotential. . . and forgood reason. By Dmitry Mikheyev 36 REGAININGTHE HIGH GROUND The dawning ofa new strategic era requires new U.S. technologies to defend against a nuclear strike. By Lt Gen. James A. Abrahamson 38 WEAPONS OF SPACE Blasting enemy missiles outofspace isn't confined to video games andpenny arcades. ByAngeloM. Codevilla 41 TSARWARS: OUR FUTURE? Unless we do some smart things in space quickly, the Soviets will dominate space by the mid-1990s. By Thomas Krebs 42 THE PEACEFUL USES OF SPACE Technologies resultingfrom space exploration may be some ofAmerica's greatestgifts to mankind. By Craig Covault 44

SHRAPNEL IN THE HEART "I'll always be there in the still ofthe night. .." and other lettersplaced at the Vietnam Memorial. By Laura Palmer 46 WASHINGTON CONFERENCE REPORT Verification is the key to the INFTreaty, President Reagan tells Legionnaires. 50 rum m^mmmm& Now From His Famous TV Treasury A Brand New 'Sing-Along' Album

~~FOR GOD AND COUNTRY~~

~~Mhch Editorial Offices 700 N. Pennsylvania St. P.O. Box 1055 Indianapolis, IN 46206 317-635-8411~~

John P. "Jake" Comer MiUer National Commander MITCH MILLER'S Daniel S. Wheeler -GOLDEN- Publisher/Editor-in-Chief And SING -ALONG TREASURY Michael D. LaBonne Editor All-rime ' v Raymond H. Favorites w Mahon The Managing Editor You Get All 33 Songs Joe Stuteville Associate Editor On Record or Tape ^ ^jJIIlQ Kathy Simpson When You Wore A Tulip Copy Editor Fm Forever Blowing Bubbles Simon Smith For Me And My Gal From his golden days on Art Director Shine On Harvest Moon television, when he captured William L. Poff Meet Me In St. Louis America's heart, comes the irre- Production Manager Bill Bailey. Won't You Please sistible, melodious sound of Come Home Mitch Miller and the gang singing Advertising Director Sweet Adeline those wonderful songs you've Donald B. Thomson Let Me Call You Sweetheart always loved. The American Legion Magazine PO. Box 7068 Carolina In The Morning Now, here in one magnificent collection new Indianapolis, IN 46207 When Irish Eyes Are Smiling are the most beautiful songs of Mitch Miller that 317-635-8411 My Wild Irish Rose thrilled millions on TV for years. Relive the Publisher's Representatives In The Evening By The Moonlight golden moments as Mitch and the gang sing the Fox Associates, Inc.

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Wait For The Wagon Wore A Tulip" . . . "Peg O' My Heart" . . . "Let New York: 212-725-2106 Los Angeles: 213-487-5630 The Old Grey Mare Me Call You Sweetheart" . . . "When Irish Eyes San Francisco: 415-989-5804 Don't Sit Under The Apple Tree Are Smiling" . . . "Shine On Harvest Moon" . . . Detroit, Ml: 313-543-0068 Little Annie Rooney "Singin' In The Rain " .33 truly fantastic songs Atlanta: 404-252-0968

Hello! My Baby in all. The American Legion Moonlight Bay When you play this remarkable album, it's time Magazine Commission There's Yes! Yes! In Your Eyes to invite your friends in, sit back and let Mitch Milford A. Forrester Chairman, Greenville, Singin' In The Rain Miller and the gang entertain you with this ir- SC; Ralph L. Smith, Vice Chairman, Bartlesville, OK; All I Do Is Dream Of You resistible music. Everyone will sing along. James R. Kelley, National Commander's Rep- Toot, Toot Tootsie Goodbye LIMITED EDITION RECORDING resentative, Wayne, PA; George F. Ballard, While Strolling Through The Belleville, IL; J. Leslie Brown Jr, Louisville, KY; Park One Day This collection is one of our Limited Edition Joseph Chase, Hatboro, PA; Donald Conn, Ida Sweet As Apple Cider Series, and we urge you to take advantage of this South Bend, IN; James W. Conway, Charles- town, MA; Lincoln Cox, Kirby, WV; Frank J. offer TODAY. If you do not agree that this is one A Bicycle Built For Two Holcshuh, Youngstown, OH; Halbert G. Mor- of the most delightful record collections you have Put On Your Old Grey Bonnett ton, Topeka, KS; W.B. (Brad) Jorgens, ever owned, simply return it to us for a full and Tm Just Wild About Harry Beardsly MN; Eugene J. Kelley Savannah, GA; complete refund. No questions asked. Russell H. Laird, Des Moines, lA; Larry G. You Were Sweet Sixteen Order When Lewis, Bensenville, IL; Nathaniel J. McKee, now while this edition is still available Silver Threads Among The Gold Princeton, NJ; J. Fred Mitchell, Brewton, AL; The Whiffenpoof Song (Baa' Baa' Baa!) NOT IN STORES J. H. Morris, Baton Rouge, LA; George G. Sinopoli, Fresno, CA; Haskel Smith, Laurel, MS; Peg O' Heart My Dewey C. Spencer, Mabelvale, AR; Benjamin Peggy O'Neil MAIL COUPON TODAY B. Truskoski, Bristol, CT; Neal L. Thomas Jr, Consultant, Colorado Springs, CO.

T~ No-Risk Coupon " Price: annual subschption, $12.00; single copy, $2.00. To subscribe, send $12.00 ($18.00 in for- ' THE GOOD MUSIC RECORD CO., Dept. MM 01-58 eign countries) to Circulation Dept., P.O. Box 352 Evelyn Street, P.O. Box 909. Paramus, NJ 07653-0909 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206.

~~YES please rush me the new MITCH MILLER'S GOLDEN SING-ALONG TREASURY 1 under- Change of Address: Notify The American~~

stand that I may return the album for any reason whatsoever and receive a full refund. Make check Legion's Circulation Dept., P.O. Box 1954, Indi- or money order payable to Good Music Record Co. anapolis, IN 46206. Attach old address label, provide old and new addresses and current Send Record Album. Send Cassette Tape membership card number Allow 8 weeks for $9.98 $9.98 change of address to take effect. Also notify your

~~(Enclose $L25 for mailing and handling per item ) local post adjutant directly at local post's address.~~

~~Name To request microfilm copies, please write to: University Microfilms, 300 N. Zeeb Rd., Ann Address Arbor, Ml 48106~~

~~J^ity . State_ . Zip_ Member Audit Bureau of Circulations~~

~~AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE " '~~

~~Presenting the Teddy Roosevelt Revolver The first, firing Limited Edition of this great American's Single Action Army , Revolver -..j^0^^^ill^^^~~

With TR's original. This is the early model, TVi!'- barrelled model, chambered in .44-40, and the following components are plated with genuine 24- Karat Gold: ejector rod housing, ejector rod, trigger, hammer and cylinder. The rest of the gun is plated with Sterling Silver. The beautiful scroll engraving "Only those is hand cut, as P. D. Nimschke, one of the leading firearms engravers of the time, engraved TR's original. are fit to live The grips are ivory combined with polymers for V> proudly display your revolver, a beautifiil lS'x9'x9' case, mounted on a swivel who do not fear split resistance. On tjfie left grip is the raised buffalo glass and walnut display head and on the right his famous "TR" monogram, base, is available. For those who reserve a pair of to die . . . life just as he requested. revolvers, the case will be custom built, at no additional cost to display both guns. and death Proof Tested; Fires .44-40 are parts tion. When you reserve, you will be made a Mem- Each gun is proof tested and fires .44-40 caliber ber. A monthly payment plan is available. If you the same anununition, which is readily available at your local of have a Federal Firearms License, kindly send a copy gun shop. You can fire this revolver if you want or Great Adventure. with your reservation. If you don't, your Reservation need to in defense of your home or nation. 'ftddy Roosevelt Acknowledgement will include information explain- Each revolver is being hand built for the Founda- ing how delivery can be easily coordinated through tion in the workshops of gunsmith Aldo Uberti, 'hether as a cow- firearms dealer. Satisfaction is guaranteed whose Single Action Army Revolvers have been con- yow local boy riding the or you may return within 30 days for a full refund. sistently reviewed by leading American firearms plains out West, Fortunately for America, we were blessed vrith publications as some of the best ever made in the hunting Jn the wilds of this great leader for this exciting age in our nation's Africa,- leading his wortd. _ Limited Edition Of 750 history. And as long as there are Americans who, Rough Rideis in combat like Teddy Roosevelt, enjoy collecting and shooting or keeping world peace Oidy 750 guns worldwide are being hand built in fine firearms, the memory of Teddy Roosevelt will military by showing this strict edition, bearing three digit serial numbers continue to live through this beautiful, engraved, might, to l^dy Roose- from 001 to 750, with the prefix "TR." Each is accom- firing tribute. velt life was, indeed, the panied by a Certificate of Authenticity which attests Great Adventure. . to the edition limit, the piuity of the 24-Karat Gold RESERVATION No American President was better armed than. and Sterling Silver of the plating and the 24-Karat Satisfaction Guaranteed or Return in 30 days for Full Refund Teddy Roosevelt; none understood guns better or Gold of the inlay work. To: The Americarj Historical Foundation used them so well. Each collector who acts decisively will be re- 1142 West Grace Street, Dept. D79 At the battle of San Juan, TR picked off an enemy warded with the knowledge that he owns a beautiful Richmond, Virginia 23220 soldier "as neatly as a jackiabbit" with his revolver gun of great rarity. Finely engraved, museum-qual- Telephone: (804) 353-1812 at ten 24 hours: (800) 368-8080 paces while running uphill. He was steady ity firearms are hard to come by and have tradition- TOLL FREE fire. I wish to reserve the firing Teddy Roosevelt under ally proven to be secure investments isolated from Yes, with 24-Karat Gold and Sterling Silver, Within the well-guarded White House he was care- the fluctuations in the stock market. Revolver, plated in a iiniited edition of only 750 Revolvers world- ful to place a gun next to his pillow every night — For collectors who issued I will also receive the Certificate of Authenticity not out of fear, but with the belief that every man is wide. wish to reserve ' a and membership in the Foundation. Satisfaction guar- ultimately responsible for his own destiny. pair of guns (appro- anteed. He knew firsthand the use of weapons, of force, of priate, considering Mydeposit(orcreditcaidauthorization)of$95isenclosed. war. teddy Rooseveifs willingness to fight for what TR frequently car- . Please charge or invoice the balance due . . he believed in made his term in office one of the ried a pair of these), in eight monthly payments of $237.50, or in full. 'most peaceful our country has ever known. When he the serial numbers full is enclosed ($1995 per Revolver; made a show of force, no one ever questioned his will be consecutive. My payment in readiness to take the next step. display case, add $139). ^ The number of col- display Now, to honor undoubtedly one of the greatest lectors who own a Please send the optional walnut and glass double-gun case, single-gun case). and most exciting Americans' who ever lived. The pair will be quite case at $139 ( American Historical Foundation is proud to an- small, a guarantee Name nounce the Teddy Roosevelt Revolver. What better of significant rarity. symbol of this famous man who loved guns than an Address firing reproduction of his favorite sideann. Solid 24-Karat Gold is ham- Satisfaction mer-inlaid in the "TR" mono- 24-Karat Gold and Sterling Silver Guaranteed gram on the left recoil shield. Daytime Telephone ( ) This is available send account This is a genuine, firing Single Action Army — in For Visa, MasterCard or American Express, please Historical Founda- number, expiration date and signature. Virginia residents add tax. fact, most of the parts would probably interchange exclusively from The American

~~! PROVIDINB FOR THE COMMON DEFENSE~~

THE American Legion has long believed that national security is the umbrella under which our people dream their dreams, build their futures and provide for one another in a just, compassionate society.

Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness — promises that inaugurated our struggle for independence — are meaningless to people who cower in fear and to people who are vulnerable to the threats and intimidations of a hostile world. Those promises ring hollow when people are discouraged by doubt about their government's ability or willingness to protect them from unprecedented nuclear destruction.

In this special issue of The American Legion Magazine, experts in national security, defense technology, arms control and foreign affairs tell how Americans can best be protected in this deingerous nuclecir age.

Woven throughout this issue is the theme of strength and preparedness, the surest route to continued peace and prosperity for Americans. In presenting these views — which the Legion supports — in so public a forum, we open ourselves to charges of war-mongering and saber-rattling. But we are an organization of peace. Our members know all too well the hideous consequences of war, and Legion programs bear out our quest for peace.

The men and women of the Legion, perhaps more than any other segment of our society, are committed to avoiding war. But we do not subscribe to the suicidal concept of peace at any price, nor do we lend credence to the naive notion that by throwing down our arms, we will ensure freedom and peace. History teaches us much differently.

~~We have learned the danger of unilateral disarmament of U.S. defenses. Only three years after the~~

Legion was founded. Legionnaires, with the haunting memories of World War 1 fresh in their minds, began to sound an alarm against the policy of peace through weakness. Out of the ashes of that policy grew Hitler's twisted dreams. And on the other side of the world, Japanese imperialism began its mighty march.

While Japan and Germany flexed their military muscles, the United States and Great Britain were beating their swords into plowshares with considerable fervor. As idealists dreamed of peace, realists prepared for war.

Are we to repeat such mistakes? Some members of Congress believe that The American Legion should not be involved in foreign affairs — that we are a veterans' organization and have no business meddling in foreign policy. But when young men and women fight America's wars on foreign soil, when they die on foreign soil, and when war is so often the tragic result of a failed foreign policy, who else but The American Legion has a legitimate right to be concerned? Who else but veterans know the horror of war so personally?

~~It is fitting that this special issue is published in May — the month of Memorial Day and Armed Forces~~

~~Day. It is a time to pay tribute to the supreme sacrifices Americans have made in the quest for freedom~~

~~and peace. 1 commend Legionnaires and Auxiliary members for keeping these memories~~

alive at thousands of cemeteries across the nation, and I pray that someday our people will never have to erect another memorial or monument to honor war dead, or to make those painful treks to lay wreaths on the graves of our children and our children's children.

~~We live in a dangerous age. We must separate the idyllic dream of peace from the malevolent reality that there are those who hate peace and freedom. Our choice is clear:~~

~~Will we be strong and free, or will we be weak and enslaved? 1 submit this special issue on America's defense for your consideration.~~

~~Natl Cmdr. John P. "JaJ^e" Comer~~

~~6 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE .~~

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~~A DERNSE THAT DffENDS~~

IT IS widely recognized that SDI is a challenge summoning the very best of the technological genius in our scientific community. But scientists and engineers are not the only ones called on to think creatively. The Strategic Defense Initiative presents a parallel challenge to planners and policy-makers, forcing us to re-examine many of the maxims that have guided nuclear thinking for decades. First among those maxims is the notion that there is a necessary link between security and vulnerability to attack, a doctrine known as mutual vulnerability. It is ironic that this maxim is advanced as the time- tested argument against proceeding with SDI, since never before in the long sweep of history has there

~~been a theory that argues that it is actually sa/er to be defenseless.~~

There should be no mistake: The threat of retaliation keeps the peace today as it has for nearly four decades. Technology left us no alternative — until today. Rapid advances, especially in computing speed and capacity, make possible systems that could never before have been imagined. The possibility of defending ourselves against missile attack is becoming a reality. We owe it to ourselves and our children to see that — as the administration has pledged — when that defense is developed, it is deployed. There are two excellent reasons for moving forward with SDI. First, in the near term, SDI strengthens deterrence. Second, in the longer term, SDI will be the basis for a shift away from offensive nuclear arms to a new era of stability through greater reliance on defensive systems. The near-term benefit of SDI is that a strategic defense system need not be perfectly impenetrable to make a significant contribution to deterrence. Contrary to the opinions of those who praise mutual vulnerability, the real key to deterrence is creating uncertainty in the mind of one's adversary that he can execute an attack with assurance of success. So long as he is uncertain of a favorable outcome, he is

deterred from attacking. Even a partial strategic defense can enhance deterrence by making it far more difficult to predict how many and which missiles might actually strike their targets. That would add new

dimension to planning a nuclear attack, making it far less likely that one would ever be launched. In the long term, SDI may be the world's best hope for making ballistic nuclear missiles obsolete. Nuclear weapons exist; we can hardly "un-invent" them. But an effective anti-missile defense will help reduce the military utility of nuclear weapons and their value as a tool of political intimidation.

Finally, one fact must be recognized by those who counsel giving up SDI or using it as a bargaining chip. The Soviets are doing everything in their power to devise a strategic defense for themselves. Their own pursuit of advanced strategic defense technologies stretches back more than two decades, and spending on strategic defenses of all types has consumed the equivalent of $200 billion in the past 10 years alone.

The Soviets regularly characterize SDI as a threat to peace. When it comes to their own system, however, the Soviets see no danger to world stability. As Alexei Kosygin said in 1967: "I think that a defensive system, which prevents attack, is not a cause of the arms race, but represents a factor preventing the death of people." On the eve of the Washington summit. General Secretary Gorbachev admitted for the first time that the Soviets, too, are engaged in strategic defense work. This candor about a program the Soviets formerly claimed did not exist is welcome. It has long been our position that a world in which defenses played a larger role would be in both our interests. It has never been the United States' aim to pressure the Soviets to stop their program while we continue our own. SDI is a way to radically restructure the foundations of our security, shifting from a reliance on the threat of offensive retaliation to a reliance on defenses that aim only at incoming missiles and threaten no one. It is hard to imagine a less-threatening means of defense. What can be provocative about a system designed to shoot down missiles that have been launched against us or our allies? That is why it is imperative that, as technology continues its advance, we build the strongest possible case for strategic defense.

~~Secretary of Defense Frank C. Carlucci~~

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''No" Isn't national "Buy American" movement. The resolution Saying Enough beseeches the President, governors and mayors to promote Despite the flood of illegal drugs into the United States, the concept by issuing proclamations that urge citizens to to have any strategy for deal- the nation's leaders don't seem support American manufacturers and service providers. ing with the problem. The resolution also urges consumer groups, civic leaders At least that is the opinion of legislators who participated and the media to join what the sponsors see as a patriotic in recent Capitol Hill hearings. The lawmakers wound up vir- crusade to halt the erosion of jobs. The legislators claim that tually begging the administration and law-enforcement agen- more than 2 million American jobs were lost between 1981 plan attack against the traffic. cies to develop a of drug and 1987 because foreign countries "flooded our markets Ironically, Colombia, where the infamous Medelli'n drug with products often subsidized and produced at minimal cartel flaunts its power through corruption and intimidation, wages." has been given high marks by the Congressional Drug Task

Force for its crackdown on drug operations. Rep. Charles B. Rangel of New York, a leading congressional opponent of the drug trade, has called for an inter- Hiii Speaks Blues national conference to launch a worldwide war against drugs Congressmen have a few complaints about their jobs, their work and the legislative process. In short, they are "frus- trated and concerned about the way Congress operates." That's the conclusion of a survey undertaken by the Center Right At Home for Responsive Politics, created five years ago to find ways Whenever the new U.S. ambassador to Mongolia is of making Congress more effective. selected, he shouldn't feel that he is being sent to no man's Members say that the budget process is not working and land. Instead of establishing a formal residence in Ulan that they have to spend too much time raising campaign Bator, the capital of the remote nation, the U.S. envoy will funds. Other complaints include insufficient free time to operate from a Washington-area office of the State Depart- think, talk with aides or confer with their colleagues. They ment. say they do not have personal lives. The United States has agreed to open diplomatic relations A majority of those questioned said they would like the with the communist country of 2 million people, located current three-days-a-week sessions expanded into five-day between China and the Soviet Union. However, faced with a weeks three weeks a month, with the fourth week left for budget cut for its foreign service, the State Department working in their home districts. decided that establishing a Mongolian embassy would be too expensive. Instead, a single diplomat will be assigned to the mission. Endangered Species The red wolf, long extinct in the wild, has been success- fully bred in captivity and returned to its natural range in a A Growing Payroii North Carolina refuge, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service About 3 million people — 3 percent of the U.S. civilian reports. work force — work for the federal government, according to However, the latest report also reveals that the last dusky the Congressional Budget Office. seaside sparrow, once a denizen of Florida's salt marshes, These employees, representing more than 900 different has vanished, along with the last spring fish in Texas. occupations, work for more than 100 agencies. Two-thirds of The single free California condor has been captured, the them are on the payrolls of the Department of Defense, the service disclosed, in a last-ditch effort to save the 27 remain- U.S. Postal Service and the Veterans Administration. ing birds from extinction. The alligator, once threatened, is Federal employment has risen by about 7 percent over the now back and thriving in the Southeast. Chesapeake Bay's past decade, CBO said, compared with a 25 percent increase bald eagle also has made a remarkable comeback. in non-federal civilian employment during the same period. The official list of endangered and threatened species now In 1977 each federal employee served 76 citizens; in 1979 stands at 933, of which 488 are found in the United States. each served 79 citizens. Quote Of The Month Buy American "/ believe the nmjor menace in Europe is not a Soviet attack. Whether or not the long-anticipated Omnibus Trade Bill TJte Soviets don 7 want war. I believe the real danger is that, with survives the current session of Congress and the threatened or without SDI, continued Soviet conventional growth will lead Presidential veto, several senators will support another meas- eventually to the Soviets achieving their objective of intimidating " ure that they believe will counter the impact of the U.S. trade Western Europe withoutfiring a shot. deficit. Gen. Bernard Rogers The group has introduced a joint resolution calling for a Former supreme allied commander

~~10 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Venezuela Sweden Portugal~~

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receipt of membership kit. Retired Teachers Association Division of AARP. Mail to: AARP. RO. Box 199, Long Beach, CA 90801 khnb Finally, we should require Rally To The Call foreign stu- safeguard his natural rights. The collec- dents to return home after graduation. tivist serves his government. All members should read for "Cause Too often, they accept jobs at substand- A free man is the basic unit of value Concern. Cause for Pride" and "U.S. ard pay merely to remain in this coun- as an individual. The collectivist is Aid Is Key to Democracy" (March), try. By so doing, they discourage bright valuable only as he is a useful member then decide whether their elected repre- Americans from pursuing technical of the group. sentatives voted to support Daniel careers. Unless and until collectivism defines Ortega's communist regime or the free- Irwin Feerst human nature in natural. Jeffersonian dom fighters. We can make a difference Massapequa Park, N. Y. or biblical terms, such cosmetic, if we remember the voting records of image-oriented activities as glasnost our representatives at election time and are pure illusions. take appropriate action. Prayer In Schools Remember, peace is not a cause — We are faced with another Vietnam, The attack on the establishment it's an effect. where peace and humiliation were clause in the First Amendment (Janu- James Fletcher Baxter purchased with the ary) deserves a response. blood of many By contend- Carlsbad, Calif. young men. I hope that these articles ing that the founding fathers intended to motivate freedom-loving people who allow prayer in schools, the article will rally to correct the threat to our attacks the foundation of our govern- It Wasn't Canvas national security posed by the Marxist ment, which is based on the separation I was surprised and amused while Sandinistas. of church and state. reading January's "Vignettes of Cour- Forrest C. Turpiii When the early colonists arrived in age," which described 1st Marine Avia- Fairborn. Ohio this country, they found — or brought ". tion Force aircraft as . . frail, can- with them — the prejudices of England, ..." vas-covered . . . two-seat aircraft If you were concerned about the including religious bigotry and biases. During World War I, the American, threat to our freedom, you would write These prejudices led to the killing of English, French and German air-force about the threats that poverty and religious offenders in Salem and unfair squadrons used only cotton and linen as unemployment pose to our beautiful taxation of churches elsewhere. aircraft covering. nation. After all. aren't these the condi- While religion may not be prohibited Also, aircraft were not frail. tions that spawn socialism? by law, offensive religious practices WWI They had extremely sturdy fuselages, John R. Franklin are. For example. Mormons may not wing spars, longerons and panels built Akron. Ohio engage in polygamy, certain funda- out of selected woods. mentalists are prohibited from handling Franz Serdahely poisonous snakes, and human and ani- We're In Trouble Philadelphia mal sacrifices are prohibited. Even the The situation described in "Our prayers of one religion may offend the Endangered Industrial Base" (February) believers of others and are restricted. is even worse than what was mentioned. We Gave It Away Thank God that the founding fathers The rise in offshore manufacturing sad part about Endangered set aside their personal beliefs for the The "Our carries with it the seeds of this nation's Industrial Base" (February) is the impo- good of all religions and allowed destruction. When manufacturing restrictions. tence of the Department of Defense. moves offshore, research, development Paul D. Hardnmn Let me give you an example of how the and engineering inevitably follow. This San Francisco semiconductor segment of the U.S. is why there is such a shortage of high- electronics industry went to the Pacific tech jobs. The College Placement Basin. Council in Bethlehem. Pa., has What Is Peace? With the development of integrated reported a sharp decline in the number All this talk about the summit, glas- circuits, based on successful research of jobs offered to graduating engineer- nost and treaties obscures the funda- at Stanford University in the '60s, ing seniors. Older engineers who have mental, continuing differences between plants prospered in the so-called Silicon been laid off are told that they are collectivists and free men as they Valley. As managers of prosperous "overqualified." define themselves, structure their envi- firms saw costs increase, they decided There are some obvious remedies. ronments and their institutions, and to produce integrated circuits in Japan. First, this nation must impose a duty on measure human value. American executives made more prof- all imported high-tech products. Sec- A free man is "endowed by his its, and the Japanese gained knowledge ond, National Science Foundation Creator with . . . Liberty" — the ability without doing any domestic research. grants should be awarded only to U.S. to make a choice. The collectivist is Our government was too busy with the citizens. The majority of Japanese allowed some privileges by his govern- Vietnam situation to notice this one. In graduate engineering students who ment. conclusion, we gave away, and con- study in this country are supported by A free man has freedom and the tinue to give away, our initiative and these grants; they then take the fruits of opportunity to make choices. The col- creativeness to other nations. our advanced research home with them lectivist is told what to do. Augey Natalino and proceed to beat our brains out. A free man's government exists to Akron, Ohio

~~12 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Wear the watch only a mint could create.~~

~~Enlarged to show detail.~~

At a time when high quality "coin watches" are the ultimate in fashion jewelry for men— this watch is something special. The spectacular sculpture on its face is actually minted. Just like a coin. In 24kt gold electroplate on solid sterling silver. It has to be, to capture

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And it's a superb timepiece. With a fine Swiss quartz precision movement and black leather strap. Impressive. Quietly elegant. The price? Just $195, payable in convenient monthly installments. Please order by June 30, 1988.

~~The Franklin Mint Eagle Watch by Gilroy Roberts~~

Order Form The Franklin Mint Please order by June 30, 1988. Franklin Center, Pennsylvania 19091 For Warranty information, write to Customer Service, Please enter my order for The Franklin Mint Eagle Watch. The Franklin Mint, Franklin Center, PA 19091. I need send no money now. I will be billed for a deposit of $39.* when my watch is ready to be sent to me. The balance will then be billed after Mr./Mrs./Miss_ PLEASE PRIf shipment in four equal monthly installments of $39.* each. Address. *Plus my state sales tax and a total of$3. for shipping and handling. City, State, Zip_ 85999-252 Signature ALL ORDERS ARE SUBJECT TO ACCEPTANCE. Please allow 6 to 8 weeks for shipment. BIG ISSUES

~~SHOULD CONGRESS ENACT LAWS TO PROHIBIT AIDS DISCRIMINATION?~~

~~Rep. Henry A. Waxman, D-California Rep. Robert K. Dornan, R-California~~

All health and medical Fifty years ago, when a groups have recom- syphilis epidemic threat- mended that the federal YES NO ened the nation, the government create a comprehensive priorities were to contain the spread of counseling and testing program as a the disease and to care for the sick. In means of changing sexual and drug combating syphilis. President Roose- behavior. In order for such a program to velt's surgeon general unabashedly be effective, all groups agree, federal taught people to change their behavior, guarantees of confidentiality and non- 'ktk instituted widespread testing and confi- discrimination are necessary, and must be provided for all dentially traced the sexual contacts of infected people. participants. Without such protections, only people who have Today, the mere suggestion that identical measures be used no reason to believe that they are infected would be willing in combating the deadly AIDS virus elicits accusations of to volunteer, while those at high risk would stay away. bigotry, homophobia and worse. It is sort of a "McCar- State health officers and medical-records personnel have thyism" of the left. said that current law in most states is not adequate to protect In the debate over a sound AIDS policy, men and women identifying medical information. Medical and health organi- of good will are being bullied out of expressing their zations have concluded that federal confidentiality protec- genuine concern for the continued health of the uninfected. tions should be strengthened in order to improve public AIDS is not a civil-rights issue; it is a public-health issue. cooperation with counseling and testing programs. It is time that those who are seeking "homosexual-rights" No confidentiality program can ever fully protect counsel- legislation as a method of combating AIDS recognize that ing and testing records, especially since more releases of there sometimes is a conflict between civil liberties and information are being deemed to be medically appropriate. sound public-health policies. The constant discrimination Consequently, all health groups that have studied testing rhetoric of left-wing politicians serves only to placate policy have concluded that a federal law against AIDS homosexual-rights groups; it does not provide a comprehen- discrimination is necessary. sive policy on this fatal disease.

During the AIDS epidemic, public health has not con- The fact is that in the United States, AIDS is primarily flicted with civil liberties or civil rights. Quarantine is a transmitted through male homosexual contact and intrave- useless medical practice and legal tyranny. It is not incon- nous drug use, two actions that the traditional community sistent with good public health for an AIDS patient to keep always has deemed to be immoral. Unable to convince his or her job. America that those activities are not immoral, the left What we know and understand about this disease, we provides rationalizations for this aberrant behavior. understand because AIDS patients have cooperated with The issue, however, goes much deeper than that. We need scientists. When those people's civil liberties are threatened, to address very real questions concerning patient-doctor the disease will be driven underground and our chances of privilege and the privacy of infected patients. No doubt we stopping the epidemic will grow smaller. have a duty to care for AIDS victims and to increase Unfortunately, the Department of Justice has chosen to research on the disease, but we also have a duty to those ignore science and the law, lending support to discrimina- who are not infected. The rights of these two groups need tion. In a recent opinion on protections for the handicapped, not conflict as long as our top priorities are to care for the the department said that people who have AIDS can be fired sick and contain the spread of the disease, no matter who it or refused a public service if the employer or service provider infects. Therefore, it is important that our policy be flexible is afraid of the disease, whether or not the fear is rational. enough to let us make tough choices without resorting to We must work to change witch hunts. this stance and to enforce the YOUR OPINION COUNTS, TOO So-called homosexual- law as it was intended. Dis- rights laws will serve only Senators and congressmen are interested in constituent view- crimination is private to bad points. You may express your views by writing The Honorable (name) confuse the issue and practice and bad public policy U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C. 20510, or The Honorable (name), U.S make this task more dif-

~~And in this case, it is bad for House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. 20515. ficult, if not impossible, to the health of the nation. achieve.~~

~~14 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE (~~

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it. Moss Green, who has had me sharpen his scythe for almost 10 years now, said he wasn't going to wait for me to solve this problem, and he took his scythe down to AN EQUAL-OPPORTUNITY West Concord. It's about a day's ride each way, but I guess he still got it done before I

could have gotten to it. Since we have to give 20 percent of our business to someone else, we decided not to use Leonard's old log wagon wheels. Instead, we are going to buy two new wheels, which Charlie Baxter just got into EMPLOYER his hardware store. Getting back to your authorized representative, we're working on getting him Andrew learns about laws that govern federal fixed up now. We didn't have any office for him, but he said contractors are expected to hiring practices. His staff now includes two provide office facilities equal to those of the Indians, a Quaker and a one-legged man. Program Director. We didn't have a Pro- gram Director for him to have an office like.

~~So I made myself Program Director. I don't have an office, but Captain Hawkins said~~

~~Program Directors should have one. So I borrowed some money at 7 percent interest from Roger Harms, who owns the big sugar grove north of town, and built myself one.~~

~~Then I had to go borrow some more to build~~

~~one like it for Captain Hawkins. We're still working on that because we had to take down the security fence we built and move~~

it to make room for the new offices, so that set us back some. The inspection team came like you said they would. They stayed down at Farley's Tavern. Captain Hawkins said that normally a weapons-system contractor picks up the bill for a visit like this. We decided we couldn't do that, but the team leader said they couldn't make up their minds whether we were meeting the requirements of our contract. Captain Hawkins said that meant we should pick up the bill or we'd lose our contract, so we borrowed some more money from Roger Harms. The inspection team said they had reviewed our activity and had decided we qualified after all. One thing most folks around here are saying is build the cannon, but the day after we got that those inspection folks sure do seem to ByJohn Rickey your letter saying we could build it, we got enjoy their work. They all seemed to have a your other letter explaining some things we good time here.

had to do before we could get started. It has We are going to have to wait until we get FARNSWORTH AND taken all our time, almost, to get these word on our security clearances before we COOPER CANNON AND things done, and we still haven't been able can start on the cannon. The guards we

~~CARRIAGE CO. to do any more work on the cannon. hired won't let us in until we get them. I~~

~~Leonard and I spent the first week after tried to get inside to get some tools to help September 19, 1777 we got your letter cutting saplings in in building the offices, and they wouldn't~~

~~Wilfred Corners. Haynes Woods to make a fence around his even let me in for that. I sure wish we could~~

Massachusetts barn and my blacksmith shop. We planned get in because I could do some work for my Major Mollis Corby to have Ed Crank guard one place while we regular customers while we're waiting. Contracting Officer worked at the other, but an Indian by the Let us know what we should do next T2C-3 Weapons Systems name of Corn-In-The-Woods came by and cause we're awful anxious to get started on Weapons Procurement Branch wanted to work too. We told him we didn't that cannon. need him. but he went to your authorized Headquarters, Colonial Army Sincerely, representative. Captain Hawkins (he got Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Andrew Farnsworth here the day after your letter) and claimed Dear Major Corby, President and Program we'd better hire him, so we've got him Director, T2C-3 I am sorry I didn't write you sooner to watching the blacksmith shop and Ed out at Farnsworth & Cooper Cannon thank you for letting us have the contract to the barn. They haven't found anyone want- & Carriage Company ing in except some of our regular custom- John Rickey, a former Air Force pilot, is an ers. This is making our customers kind of Copy to Captain Hawkins executive in the defense industry. mad, but we don't know what to do about Please turn to page 71

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zine describing coming Selection(s) and Alternates. In addition, up to 4 times a year you 1 need buy |ust 4 more books FREE BOOK may receive offers of special Selections, always at discounts off publishers' prices. If at regular low Club prices any- 3533 I during you want the featured Selection(s), do nothing-shipment will be made automatically If time want the next years you prefer an Alternate-or no book at all-indicate this on the order form and return it 2 CZ883 Note: If you already own KNIGHTS OF THE

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ter what I decide, I may keep my 1 different, 1 Club editions save you up to 30% off publishers' edition prices quoted above. FR EE BOOK and FREE MAPS 08-M002 I I REV. JESSE JACKSON What I'll Do For WE NEED a foreign policy that pro- motes real security, based on a new set of principles. To promote real security,

I propose to: • Reverse the nuclear-arms race. We need to challenge the Soviets to move beyond a permanent Cold War relationship to join us in building the common- security arrangements we both need to As The American Legion Magazine survive. • Create common security in went to press in iVIarcli, presidenfiai candidates Europe. As Henry Kissinger has recom- mended. Western Europe should be still in the running were asked: responsible for its own conventional If elected President what will be your defense. We should begin to limit the burden of defending Europe. legislative priority to bolster America's U.S. top • Redefine our relationship with the strategic national defense?" Third World. The three principles of the Jackson Doctrine are: support and strengthen the rule of international law, promote self-determination and human rights, and support international economic justice and development. arms-control negotiations and by con- • Cut the military budget without HON. GEORGE BUSH tinuing to pursue and support fully the cutting our defense. We will spend what Strategic Defense Initiative. These is necessary for our security, but current I INTEND to work closely with Con- goals will require the close cooperation spending wastes precious resources on gress to continue the improvements in of Congress. unnecessary armaments. our national defense begun under the America's strategic deterrence does present administration. While main- not depend on the number of weapons taining a strong defense through the alone. Our strength also depends on the continuing process of modernizing our willingness of Congress to support a GOV. MICHAELS. DUKAKIS strategic-weapons systems, America level of spending necessary to ensure also must attempt to reduce the level of that our strategic defenses never THE RECENTLY signed INF Treaty nuclear weapons through continuing become obsolete. The question we has made it more important than ever should ask ourselves is not how much for us to reaffirm our commitment to The American Legion Magazine asked money we should spend, but what is the defense of Europe, and to give the candidates who qualified for federal elec- required to guarantee our long-term men and women of our armed forces tion funds to participate in this article. security. Congress must be willing to the training, equipment, ammunition Candidates who do not appear liave done provide continuous, long-term support and support they need to get the job so by their own choice. of our strategic-defense programs. done.

~~GOV. MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS~~

~~18 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Ifyou have Nerve Deafiiess, hearif^dearfya^in is nol%tnirig.~~

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~~Strengthening our conventional the lowest cost with a ban on warhead forces is essential to our strategic and missile tests.~~

~~defense because conventional weak- Third, I will support the Standing ness invites conventional war. In Consultative Commission set up in~~

~~today's world conventional war could SALT I to resolve treaty-compliance~~

lead to nuclear war. disputes. As President, I will personally As President, I will work with our give the commissioners authority to allies to negotiate reductions in Warsaw negotiate and the public support that Pact forces in Europe, especially in they deserve. forward-based armored units, which pose the greatest risk of surprise attack. REV. PAT ROBERTSON And I will use available resources to strengthen our conventional defense: I FAVOR testing and deploying the better airlift and sealift capabilities, Strategic Defense Initiative; dra- improved training and support for our matically increasing nuclear and con- reserves, a greater investment in anti- ventional submarines, with less submarine warfare, and a Conventional dependence on the highly vulnerable ic^ 1983 Cartwheels Defense Initiative that will apply our carrier task forces; and strengthening NEVER BEFORE — has pure gold been added to perhaps technical expertise to the task of the Rapid Deployment Force for low- the most beautiful of all United Slates silver coins — The improving the effectiveness of our con- Walking Liberty half dollar. level conflicts and the Delta Strike ventional forces. Our bi-tone process by which 24 Karat gold is applied to Force to protect our citizens against coins with extreme precision, creates a magnificent two I reducing tone of precious metals. These high quality silver and gold terrorism. favor drastically coins are fashioned by and are available only through SEN. PAUL SIMON the ratio of support troops to front-line Cartwheels, Inc. of Wilmington, Delaware divisions, so that the largest possible Our exclusive coin cover, Lenscote II, permanently seals trained as cohesive and protects these authentic coins The necklace, MY APPROACH to limiting strategic number of men are complete with a 14 Karat gold filled 24" chain is $129 offensive nuclear weapons will differ units in realistic combat situations. The money clip at is generously $69. covered with pure from the administration's in several The Pentagon is overstaffed and, 24K gold. respects. First, I will not let SDI therefore, inefficient. I favor reform If possible, we would like to send a date meaningful to you between the years 1934 and 1947 A numbered become a negotiating stumbling block. within the Joint Chiefs of Staff to elimi-

Certificate of Authenticity with each and all comes piece I will not let the early-deployment-and- nate interservice rivalry and bland are gift wrapped. We guarantee a full refund, if on receipt, early-test enthusiasts get in the way of a consensus-building. you are not completely delighted. Price is subject to change. historic reduction of 50 percent or more There has sometimes been more OVERNIGHT DELIVERY AVAILABLE in strategic nuclear weapons. "spendup" than buildup. I favor buying Second, I will ask my negotiators to 100 Chevrolets rather than 100 Rolls CARTWHEELS, INC. Order TOLL FREE hammer out a comprehensive test-ban Royces— procuring more planes, tanks, Grubb 2500 Road 800-441-7666 treaty that is verifiable and in our best artillery pieces and missiles rather than Wilmington, DE 19810 interest, and to explore a ballistic- fewer more-complex, more-expensive

Send Necklaces, Money Clips, Date missile test-ban treaty. One of our prin- items. I favor procuring, whenever Check Enclosed $ Charge DC, AE, MC, VISA $ cipal goals should be to prevent the possible, stock items of non-military Card # Soviet Union from carrying out a first equipment instead of expensive, Exp Date Telephone # strike against our strategic forces. We custom-designed items with purely Name can achieve this most effectively and for military specifications. Address

~~City/State/ZIP~~

~~20 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —~~

~~A Touching Portrayal of a Baby^s Innocence~~

Soon after Bessie Pease Gutmann introduced her original r Respond by; May 31, 1988 lithograph of "Awakening," this portrait of a happy, wide-eyed Limit: Two plates per collector baby became a beloved part of millions of American homes. Now, Accept my application for "Awakening." I wish to purchase "Awakening" appears for the first time on an officially author' (1 or 2) at $24.50 (plus $2.14 shipping and han- ized, limited edition collector plate. Art connoisseurs and Gut- dling) each, for a total of $ ($26.64* or $53.28'). Check one: Check or money order enclosed. mann collectors alike are expected to compete heavily to own Charge my: Visa MasterCard American Express this first issue plate especially since her 1985 "In Disgrace" — Acct. No plate already has been quoted as high as double its issue price! Exp. Date 002664/005328 CTMIQHAA "Awakening" premieres a collection of eight entitled Bun- Ms./Mrs./Mr. dles of Joy—featuring adorable Gutmann infants. Each will be Address limited to a total of 14 firing days, numbered on its reverse, and City accompanied by a Certificate of Authenticity. State Zip

As an owner of "Awakening," you will be guaranteed the Signature 'FL residents add $1.60 and XL residents add per plate for tax. right never the obligation—to acquire all the other plates, in $1.87 Aii explications must be signed and are sjJjject to acceptance. Allow 6-8 the sequence offered to you. And, under our 100% Buy'Back weeks from date of order for shipment. Deliveries made only to the U.S. and its territories. Guarantee, you may return any plate for a refund within 30 days of receipt. And, since strong demand has already been seen for The Hamilton Collection application today! 9550 Regency Square Blvd., P.O. Box 44051, (acksonville, FL 32231 "Awakening," you should send your 1 J

~~fcI988 The Balliol Corporation, RtKkford, IL. Bessie Pease~~

forestall elections, the United States By Richard F. Staar invades only to make them possible. Within one week after our military action on Grenada, Governor-General N HIS televised speech Sir Paul Scoon already had begun a commemorating the 70th return to constitutional government, anniversary of the 1917 and within a short time U.S. troops revolution, Soviet Gen- were withdrawn. No Soviet-installed eral Secretary Mikhail regime, in Kabul or elsewhere, has ever Gorbachev claimed that held a free election. the USSR is the guardian At a recent forum on U.S. -USSR

of world peace. Were it not relations held in northern California, a for the Soviet Union, he spokesman for the Beyond War Founda- said, the United States already would tion equally blamed the superpowers have unleashed a nuclear assault on all for the arms race. Experts replied that mankind. He then questioned whether only the Soviets are racing, even though the United States is capable of adapting they achieved military parity several to the conditions of a non-nuclear, dis- years ago. armed world. Top propagandists speak directly to This, of course, is the man whose Americans via satellite and peddle the military forces are in their ninth year of The Soviets spend same theme. An NBC News special on an attempt to exterminate the freedom Nov. 30, 1987, brought Gorbachev into fighters of Afghanistan. $3.5 billion eoch our living rooms for an hour. A few days No one can deny that the USSR has yearfospreod earlier, Dobrynin's deputy, Vadim Zag- amassed unprecedented military ladin, masqueraded as a legislator and power. Neither can we simply dismiss their message of discussed human rights on ABC'sCapi- Gorbachev's open boast that "we are tol to Capital series in these words: But their traveling to a new world, the world of peace. "Both the United States and the USSR communism. We shall never deviate deeds betray them. have many failures." Thus, he equated from this path." In other words, no one the two records. should dismiss the possibility that Gor- Even the White House habitually bachev believes the USSR will triumph slips into the deadly habit of assuming and the United States will end up in the States, Anatoly Dobrynin. that we are alike. Vice President George trash can of history. During the period of detente in the Bush, who briefly served as director of Yet the first, most important Soviet 1970s, the concept was "convergence" the Central Intelligence Agency, rep- propaganda theme confuses Soviet mil- — i.e., the two superpowers would resented the United States at Leonid itary power with peace. Selling this become more and more alike. That idea Brezhnev's funeral in November 1982. brand of snake oil to scholars, the has been discredited and replaced by He reportedly told the new leader, Yuri clergy, journalists, politicians and other the moral-equivalence doctrine, which Andropov, who had spent the preceding intellectuals is not easy. It is the task of says that Soviet and American motives 15 years as KGB chief: "I feel I already a worldwide network of international essentially are directed toward the know you, since we served in similar communist-front organizations. This same goal: to preserve and expand their positions." But the CIA and KGB are whole "red orchestra" co,sts $3.5 billion own spheres of power and influence. no more morally equivalent than they each year and operates under the CPSU Although belief in a "rough moral sym- are alike in terms of their structures and International Department, headed by metry" between the USSR and the missions. Only ignorance and careless- the former ambassador to the United United States reportedly is widespread ness can make this "disinformation"

~~throughout Western Europe, it is pure succeed. Apparently, the Soviets be-~~

Richard F. Staar, fonner nonsense. lieve that these qualities abound in U.S. ambassador to the The United States supports nations America. Mutual and Balanced that seek freedom from the yoke of Let us not commit historical amnesia Force Reduction talks dictatorial regimes, while the Soviet and forget that those who refuse to

(1981-83), is a senior Union supports only brutal dictator- submit to Soviet blandishments are fellow at the Hoover ships, whether they are in Eastern classified as foes and that the United Institution on War Rev- Europe, Yemen, Cambodia, Nicaragua States continues to be Public Enemy olution and Peace. or Ethiopa. While the Soviets invade to No. 1 in the eyes of the Kremlin.

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~~MUTUAL ASSURED DESTRUCTION FAKE J EWEL THE CROWN OF ARMS CONTROL~~

The ABM Treaty, which perpetuates the MAD dactrine, hasn't prevented the Soviets from beefing up their The Nixon, Ford and Carter adminis- By Richard N. Perle strategic defense. trations rejected any serious program of ballistic-missile defense underthe 1972 A ballistic missile with policy, which is based on the idea that a nuclear warhead were stability in the strategic relationship launched at the United between the United States and the States, even accidentally GREAT EXPECTATIONS-Pres/denf Soviet Union is best ensured if each is or without authorization, nF Richard Nixon (seated left) and Soviet vulnerable to missile attack by the there is nothing that we General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev other. Only if destruction is "mutual" it (seated right) sign the 1972 ABM Treaty. could do to prevent and "assured" can the two superpowers its target. from reaching find security and stability; each would Nothing. weapon in No policy adopted in 1972, we are totally be deterred from initiating a missile our vast arsenal is intercept- capable of defenseless. strike that would, in the end, be sui- ing a ballistic missile. As the result of a The notion that it is desirable to cidal. Hence, the name of this doctrine remain defenseless against the threat of has come to be known by its acronym, Richard N. Perle. vast destruction is without precedent. MAD (for Mutual Assured Destruction). fanner assistant secre- Nations that are able to do so always Proponents of the MAD doctrine tary ofdefensefor inter- have sought to protect themselves believe that the deployment of defenses national security pol- against far lesser threats. So how is it that might intercept Soviet missiles icy, is chairman of the that we have been willing to accept the would lead the Soviets to deploy addi- Civil Applications awesome vulnerability guaranteed by tional missiles, or in other ways seek to Committee of the SDI the absence of any defense against bal- neutralize any defense that the United office. listic missiles? States might build. It is this fear of an

24 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE arms race, stimulated by an with theirs. If they succeed, effort to protect ourselves, that they will have repeated the accounts for the strident effect of the 1972 treaty. And opposition of many members while it is natural that they of Congress to the Strategic should try to outmaneuver us Defense Initiative. It also a second time, it would be explains the pressure from inexplicable if we were to per- arms-control experts and mit them to do so. negotiators for the 1972 treaty The Soviet proposal that the banning significant ballistic- United States agree to be missile defenses. It explains bound by an unduly restrictive continued support for that interpretation of the ABM treaty today. Treaty for 10 years is aimed For those who believe in directly at SDI. Under the MAD, the ABM Treaty, con- Soviet interpretation of that cluded in 1972 by Richard treaty, we would be precluded Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev, from testing in space any com- is the jewel in the crown of ponents that our research- arms control. The treaty, they and-development effort may think, has enshrined MAD in yield. Without realistic test- the strategic doctrines of the ing, there is no hope that SDI Soviet Union and the United can be brought to fruition. A States. It represents Soviet system as complex and costly recognition of the idea that as a ballistic-missile defense defenselessness is next to god- would have to be tested exten- liness in the theology of stra- sively, and under the Soviet tegic doctrine. proposal we would be unable Yet the history of the negoti- to do so for many years. Even ations leading up to the ABM after that period had passed, Treaty, and subsequent Soviet the Soviets would insist that behavior, suggest a quite dif- we still could not do any test- ferent interpretation of what ing in space without first with- happened in 1972. Put simply, drawing from the ABM Treaty the Soviets wished to halt an — a right that we now have American strategic defense after giving only six months' while they redoubled their notice. own effort to develop one. Even if we were prepared to This they did. while the put the SDI program in jeop- And SCRAPPED— T/7e NIKE surface-to-air missile was part of to Soviet United States abandoned plans tfie U.S. Safeguard ABt\/l program, wliict) was abandoned ardy by agreeing the to deploy the Safeguard ABM after the ABM Treaty was signed. proposal, a treaty that pro- defense, and radically reduced hibited testing in space would its spending on research and develop- defense planners are considering. be totally unverifiable. One reason is ment of defensive systems, the Soviet There is nothing in Moscow's that there are no observable differences Union poured money and technology approach to strategic defense that between many critical tests of a stra-

into perfecting the defense it had suggests it has ever accepted either the tegic defense and other test activities in already begun to deploy around inevitability or the desirability of space that would not be prohibited by Moscow. remaining vulnerable to American stra- the treaty. tegic forces. Soviet leaders have spent We, of course, would abide by such TODAY, the Soviets have deployed vast amounts to ring the Soviet Union an agreement, and we would assign more than twice as many large with air defenses — 15,000 surface-to- dozens of government lawyers to watch ABM radars as the U.S. planned to air missiles, 5,000 radars and 2,500 every experiment to make sure we deploy in its Safeguard ABM system. fighter aircraft — against American stayed within the treaty limits. The They now have deployed high-speed strategic bombers; they have deployed Soviets almost certainly would cheat, interceptors of precisely the sort that a huge defense against missile-carrying as they have on so many other agree- the United States had in mind when it American submarines. In all, the ments. So our program would come to began the Safeguard program in 1970. Soviets spend as much on defensive as an effective halt while theirs would go In the 16 years since the ABM Treaty on offensive forces. We alone have oper- on. If the Soviets succeeded, they was signed in Moscow, the Soviets have ated on the mistaken belief that both of would find a pretext for deploying a closed the gap with respect to anti- us have an interest in going without ballistic-missile defense to complement ballistic-missile systems based on missile defenses. their defense against our bombers and radars and interceptor missiles. And Seen in this light, the Soviets' cam- submarines. they have gone on to explore all of the paign against SDI is understandable: Unhappily, the Soviets are not alone advanced ballistic-missile-defense They wish to stop us from going for- in interpreting the ABM Treaty in a technologies that our own strategic- ward with our SDI while they proceed Please turn to page 66

25 IXTEEN years ago the United States and the Soviet Union signed the ABM TREATY Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty. At that time the United States declared that the treaty's restrictions on defense were based on a need for future reductions of offensive strategic nuclear arsenals. Although the two countries currently are negotiating such reductions, their arsenals have continued to grow, and the Soviet arsenal is by far the larger. The ABM Treaty did not prohibit research and development of strategic

defenses, nor did it ban all defense deployments. It merely placed severe limits on deployments of large-scale ballistic-missile defenses. In agreeing The USSR has four times the number of to this restriction, the United States strategic it treaty recognized the limits of current technol- weapons had when the ogy and sought to create an environ- was signed and it continued this buildup ment that would foster an agreement on strategic-arms reductions. under SALT I and the flawed SALT 11. However, the promise of the ABM Treaty— deep cuts in offensive strategic weapons— has yet to be realized. The Soviet Union today has about four By Ambassador Edward L. Rowny times as many strategic nuclear

weapons as it had when the ABM Treaty In contrast to the robust Soviet pro- violation last year by moving two com- was signed. It continued this buildup gram of legal ABM deployments, the ponents of an ABM radar system to under the SALT I agreement, and dur- United States has no ABM system. Gomel, about 550 kilometers south of ing and after the negotiation of the Compounding this situation are clear Moscow. The treaty does not permit flawed, unratified SALT II Treaty. Soviet violations of the ABM Treaty. ABM radars to be installed at that Since it signed the ABM Treaty, the The most significant is the large location. Soviet Union has acquired the full array phased-array radar under construction "This and other ABM-related of strategic defense systems that the near Krasnoyarsk. At the time the treaty activities suggest that the USSR may be treaty permits. It has nearly completed was negotiated, both sides realized that preparing an ABM defense of its a decade-long modernization of the the construction of such radars must be national territory," Reagan reported in ABM system that defends Moscow. carefully regulated, since they could December. When this system is completed, the contribute to ABM battle management Soviets will have 100 ABM launchers and would be the first equipment —the limit under the treaty. deployed in an ABM defense system. In The Soviet Union also has main- his 1987 annual report to Congress on tained and modernized a network of Soviet compliance with arms-control ballistic-missile detection and tracking agreements. President Reagan said that systems, including early-warning this radar is designed to detect and radars, launch-detection satellites and track ballistic missiles. over-the-horizon radar systems. It now He noted that the capability of the is building additional large phased- Krasnoyarsk radar and its position- array radars, which will form an about 750 kilometers from the border almost-complete circle of coverage and pointing inward— make it a viola- around the USSR. tion of the treaty. In February 1987, the Senate voted Ambassador Edward 93-2 to pass a resolution declaring the L. Rowny, a retired Krasnoyarsk radar "a clear violation" Army lieutenant gen- of the ABM Treaty. Three months later,

~~eral, is special adviser the House of Representatives voted~~

to the President and 4 1 6-0 in favor of a similar resolution. DEFENSE RING - Included in the grow- the secretary of state So far, the Soviet Union has not cor- ing Soviet network of large phased-array ^ for arms -control rected its treaty violation at Kras- radar is the Krasnoyarsk radar, which m matters. noyarsk. In fact, it committed a new violates the ABM Treaty. ^

~~26 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE SOVIET BUILDUP-T/ie Gazelle silo- based missile is part of Moscow's modem ABM defense system. GLOSSARY~~

Prohibiting such a defense is the prin- cipal purpose of the ABM Treaty. In the ABM — Anti-ballistic missile, SALT I TVeaty — A treaty result- absence of U.S. defenses, a Soviet designed to intercept and destroy a ing from Strategic Arms Limitations defense, in combination with other strategic offensive ballistic missile Talks in May 1972 by the United massive offensive forces, would be a or its re-entry vehicles. States and Soviet Union. The agree- grave threat to our security. ASAT — Anti-satellite weapon ment limits the number and types of Soviet ABM activities, both legal that destroys satellites in space. May ICBMs that each side may have. It and illegal, must be a major considera- be launched from the ground, air- also prohibits converting ICBMs tion as the United States makes critical craft or space. and limits the number of submarine- decisions about the Strategic Defense ICBM — Intercontinental Ballis- launched ballistic missiles. Initiative. Soviet strategic defense tic Missile has a range of 3,000 to SALT II Treaty - Although activities, including advanced research 8,000 nautical miles. The term never ratified by the U.S. Senate, the and development, demonstrate that the "ICBM" is used only for land-based United States has followed the provi- United States must at a minimum hedge systems. sions of this 1977 treaty, which against the possibility that the Soviet IRBM — Intermediate-Range further limits the construction and Union will exploit its defense technolo- Ballistic Missile is a land-based mis- deployment of ICBMs by the Soviet gies and drop the ABM Treaty. sile with a range of 2,500 to 3,000 Union and United States. The SALT

In entering into the treaty, it never was nautical miles. agreements are renewable at five- America's intention to maintain a perma- Kinetic-energy weapon — A year intervals. Either nation can nent commitment to limited strategic weapon that fires a non-explosive, withdraw from the agreements if it defenses, regardless of the growth of high-speed projectile to destroy a gives six months' notice to the other

strategic offensive arsenals. Nor was it target on impact. May be launched nation. America's intention to forswear develop- from conventional gun or rocket. INF Treaty - A 1987 U.S.- ing a strategic defense system. While the ABM Treaty - A 1972 U.S.- Soviet treaty that eliminates all U.S. presses the Soviets to correct their Soviet agreement that limits the medium-range missiles from West- treaty violations, it must vigorously pur- number and types of anti-ballistic- ern and Eastern Europe. Also con- sue its own research, development and missile systems that each side may tains provisions for on-site verifica- testing of strategic defenses as the treaty have. tion for both sides. permits.

MAY 1988 27 HE world is a different place after the INF Treaty. NATO's conventional HOW WE LOST OUR forces can't stand up to a Soviet attack; Gen. Ber- nard Rogers, former NATO supreme commander, said that the T NATO armies would fold in two weeks. And the short-range mis- NUCLEAR siles allowed by the INF Treaty would mean nuclear weapons exploding all over West German soil— a prospect that

is guaranteed to drive West Germany into the arms of the Bear. Little now stands between the Soviet DETERRENT armies and the English Channel except the missiles and bombers of the U.S. strategic nuclear force. But the actions of the past 15 years have emasculated the U.S. strategic arsenal. Today that There were times when the United States arsenal is almost valueless as a deterrent to Soviet aggression. threatened to use its nuclear forces,

It has not always been this way. In the and the Soviets boc/ced off. can't make past, U.S. nuclear deterrence was effec- We tive; it worked several times to keep the those threats today, and for good reason. peace. In 1956, when Khrushchev threatened to intervene in the Suez crisis with nuclear rockets, NATO Commander By Dr. RobertJastrow Gruenther replied, "Moscow will be destroyed as night follows day," and Khrushchev backed away. In 1973, when USSR have to fire at U.S. territory to Soviets could "destroy our bombers by Soviet troops prepared to enter the Yom get a sharp protest? a barrage attack, so that even if the Kippur War, Nixon and Kissinger faced What has changed in the past 10 bombers got off the ground, they might Brezhnev down with the threat of years? Why is the United States react- not escape." nuclear attack. ing so weakly to Soviet provocations? And the Soviet arsenal continued to But after 1973, the United States The growth of the Soviet nuclear arse- grow. By 1981 the number of accurate never again sought to deter Soviet nal suggests the answer. Soviet warheads had reached nearly aggression by threatening to use its In 1973 the Soviets had only a few 5,000. nuclear forces. In 1979. when Soviet hundred militarily effective nuclear troops moved into Afghanistan. Carter warheads accurate enough to destroy a biggest of the new Soviet mis- held a meeting with his advisers, con- hardened military site. Accurate war- THEsiles, and the biggest ICBM in exist- sidered a nuclear alert— and withdrew heads are the key to using a nuclear ence, is the SS-18. The SS-18, from the Olympics instead. And just arsenal for intimidation. If enough which is as tall as a 10-story building, is

last fall, shortly before Gorbachev's accurate warheads are fired in a first twice as large as an MX; it weighs 200 visit to America, the Soviets announced strike, they can cripple the other side's tons and can carry at least 10 warheads,

that they would bracket the island of nuclear forces and prevent it from each with more destructive power than Hawaii with ICBM warheads. One war- retaliating effectively. 500,000 tons of TNT. It has sufficient head landed 200 miles from the island. The United States had more than fuel in reserve to hit any target in the Never before had the Soviets dared to 1,000 warheads in 1973. But in 1974. United States, and SS-18 warheads are come so close to U.S. territory with an the Soviets started deploying accurate very accurate, better than the U.S. ICBM warhead. The U.S. State Depart- warheads, and in 1977— a critical year Mark 12A warheads. The SS-18 is the ment responded with a mild protest. of transition — they reached parity with most fearsome weapon of mass destruc- How many ICBM warheads would the the United States in the important cate- tion ever devised by man. gory of strategic weapons. By 1979 At last report, the Soviets had they had 3.500 accurate first-strike deployed 308 SS-I8s carrying more Dr. Robert Jastrow, a weapons— more than twice as many as than 3.000 warheads. They also had professor Earth Sci- of the United States. 360 SS-19S and 150 SS-17s, with ences at Dartmouth The result, according to Secretary of warheads of comparable accuracy. College, is founder and Defense Harold Brown, was that by There are more than 6.000 accurate past director ofNASA's 1 979 the Soviet Union could destroy 95 warheads in this arsenal. The destruc- Goddard Institute for percent of our Minuteman ICBMs in tive power of the SS- 1 8 alone is greater Space Studies. their silos. Also, Brown reported, the than the destructive power of the entire

~~28 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE FIXED TARGETS — U.S. MX missiles, whichi are stored in silos, are considered by experts to be vulnerable to a first strike.~~

U.S. missile force. an MX, is designed to be carried Yet the Soviet ICBM buildup con- around the country on a railroad flatcar. SHIELD tinues, apparently without letup. The The SS-25, which is about the size of a THE RED USSR is now deploying the first of its Minuteman, can be carried on the back new fifth-generation missiles— the SS- of a truck. ANXIETY over the extent of 25 — and is about to deploy the 10- The Soviets are vigorously upgrad- Soviet preparations for a first warhead SS-24. Both missiles are ing their ICBM arsenal, which already strike has been intensified by the also is mobile. The SS-24, which is the size of is the largest in the world. The ICBM discovery that the USSR targeted against Hawaii was a greatly preparing a nationwide anti-ballis- improved version of the huge SS-18. tic-missile defense, or "Red LETHAL - The Soviet SS-18, the world's This missile apparently is even larger Shield." This discovery confronts largest ICBM, is 10 stories high and car- defense planners with a frightening ries destructive power equal to 500,000 than the SS-18 and carries more prospect: a Soviet first-strike force, tons of TNT. warheads. There also are reports of a new generation of SS-19s as well. The which can severely cripple the Department of Defense also has American capacity for retaliation; reported signs of a sixth generation of and a Soviet shield, which could mobile SS-24s and SS-25s. block whatever counterattack we The CIA estimates that by the mid- might manage to get off the ground. 1990s these new missiles will increase The banning of this nightmarish the size of the Soviet ICBM arsenal possibility was — for the Amer- from around 6,000 warheads — to icans, at least— the driving force between 10,000 and 12,000 warheads. behind the ABM Treaty. All of these missiles are accurate, fast, Some experts say that there is no first-strike weapons that are capable of cause for U.S. concern, because destroying U.S. military targets. With the Red Shield is not very effec- this combination of accuracy, speed tive. It is by no means as good as and great numbers of warheads, the SDI and certainly not good enough Soviets will have a first-strike force of to stop a massive U.S. first strike, if terrifying potential by 1995. we are able to launch one. What Soviet security needs require But the American arsenal being this enormous number of ICBM Please turn to page 70 Please turn to page 67

~~29 America's *SIUfER-BULLET E F N S~~

toward breaking out of the ABM Treaty ByJames J. Frelk SPACE DEFENSE by building the Krasnoyarsk radar in an inland location, a move that the treaty ISNTAPIPE expressly forbids. And they are building AST fall, Soviet Foreign three more huge radars in the western Minister Eduard Shevard- DREAM. EVEN part of the Soviet Union, clpsing the nadze yanked the rug out final gap in a network of radars spanning from under the Union of THE SOVIETS the country. When they are finished, Concerned Scientists. "If there will be nine huge battle-manage- you want me to speak ment radars guarding every missile frankly," Shevardnadze KNOW THAT SDI corridor into the Soviet Union. told reporters during a Robert Gates, deputy director of the L news conference, "I do IS A PROGRAM CIA, has revealed that the Soviets also believe that the SDl is a feasible pro- have production lines for manufactur- gram." THAT WILL WORK. ing large quantities of ABM equipment: It was an extraordinary admission. the intercepting missiles that destroy For several years the Union of Con- oncoming warheads, the launchers that cerned Scientists, trying to keep the send these missiles into battle and the United States from defending itself they encourage America to waste its small "engagement radars" that point against Soviet missiles, had been say- money on SDI and relax in the false the missiles in the right direction to ing that SDI is worthless. The group security of a worthless defense? make an interception. even convinced Sen. Sam Nunn of Gradually, the Soviet obsession with Georgia and other legislators who spe- killing SDI convinced more and more I of the ABM Treaty calls cialize in defense issues. And Soviet ARTICLE people that this kind of defense must be on each side to promise not only leaders were eager to agree with the anti- very effective indeed. By the time of the that it will not deploy a nationwide SDI American scientists. They admit- summit, Gorbachev apparently had ABM defense, but also that it will not ted that the Soviet rocket forces could decided that the SDI gambit was begin- "provide a base" for such a defense. The very easily penetrate our SDI defenses. ning to backfire and that it was time to Soviet ABM production lines, com- But after a while, many Americans tell the truth: SDI can work, and the bined with the network of nine battle- began to wonder why the USSR was Soviets are doing it, too. management radars, constitute a base trying so hard to kill SDI if it was really Actually, the confessions by Gor- for a nationwide ABM defense. This worthless. Why were Soviet leader^ bachev and Shevardnadze came as no goes beyond isolated technical viola- making the destruction of SDI then- No. surprise to our intelligence experts. tions, such as the inland location of the 1 priority if the USSR could penetrate They knew that the Soviets have spent Krasnoyarsk radar. It tears the guts out SDI defenses so easily? Why shouldn't $150 billion so far on their version of of the ABM Treaty. SDI — 10 times as much as the United The CIA calls the Soviet ABM prepa- James J. Frelk is States. CIA and Defense Intelligence rations "ominous." In the past the CIA director executive of Agency officials had been saying that has been conservative in its estimates of the George C. Mar- for at least two years, warning the Soviet capabilities. Why is the CIA so shall Institute and American people that the Soviets are alarmed now? former national-secu- working as hard as they can, and mov- The answer is that this recently dis- rity-affairs analystfor ing as fast as they can, to put their own covered buildup of Soviet ABM de- the O.S. House of SDI defense in place. fenses has been going on in concert Representatives. The Soviets have taken a big step with the buildup of a first-strike ICBM

30 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE defenses, even SILVER BULLETS-Won- arsenal. According to Gates, "Their communication links if their nuclear, kinetic-kill vehi- heavy ICBM force is designed for the would further diminish cles home in on ICBIVIs Soviets to strike first." As a result of the effectiveness of the effectiveness and shoot them down. that missile buildup, the Soviets could, U.S. response. The is limited, with half of their ICBM force, destroy Soviet ABM defenses essentially all of our ICBMs, plus a could readily stop the are a deter- came within 10 miles of large fraction of our bombers, cruise ragged remnant of our its target. The launch missiles and ballistic-missile sub- nuclear forces. The U.S. rent against crews used to point the marines. policy of deterrence by first-strilce V-2s in the general direc- Little would be left of our nuclear the threat of retaliation tion of London and hope arsenal in the aftermath of a Soviet first would collapse like a plans. for the best. Later, the strike. Destruction of U.S. military- house of cards. Little accuracy of ballistic mis- would stand in the way of siles improved to a mile a Soviet first strike from the target, then to against the United States half a mile, then to a if Soviet leaders thought quarter of a mile. For the they could benefit by launching one. SS-18 and the Minuteman IIL warhead On top of all this, recent dramatic accuracy is 200 to 250 yards. For the advances in the accuracy of warheads MX, warhead accuracy is about 150 have heightened U.S. fears of a Soviet yards. Half the time, an MX warhead first strike. Zbegniew Brzezinski, will land within 150 yards of its target former national-security adviser, has after a flight of thousands of miles. explained why improved warhead accu- The remarkable precision of these racy increases the chance of a missile weapons has an important consequence.

attack on the United States. It makes it possible to achieve the mili- That story starts in World War IL tary objectives of a nuclear attack- When the Germans were raining V-2s destruction of the adversary's missile on Britain, they were pleased if a rocket silos, command and control centers, and other sites vital to his effective retaliation— with small nuclear DIRECT HIT— Loc/fheed's Homing Over- weapons. The record demonstrates, in lay Experiment vehicle proved four years ago that the "smart-bullet" technology fact, that as accuracy has improved, the would work when it tracked and de- sizes of nuclear weapons have gone stroyed a missile in space. Please turn to page 76

~~MAY 1988 31 Interview OUR WINDOW OF~~

The United States cannot defend itself against a nuclear attack, says retired it Gen. Daniel O. Graham, a strategic-defense expert In this exclusive interview, Graham tells how SDI would protect American lives.

HAT day's edition of the Washington Post "garages," containing kinetic-kill energy devices, be de- buzzed with the news of Defense Secretary ployed. Such a weapon involves hitting a launched vehicle Caspar Weinberger's resignation and plans for with a hail of pellets or bullets. This system intercepts a

the upcoming INF Treaty summit. There also missile as it enters space and begins its downward trajectory was a smaller story, an interview with an Ameri- toward a target. One type of kinetic-kill weapon is theTround can scientist who had some fairly nasty things to gun, a gun that fires a cloud of pellets 4,000 feet long and say about a thing called "Star Wars." several hundred feet wide. We estimate that this layer of Daniel O. Graham walked out of the confer- defense would take 7'/2 years to deploy and would cost $10 T ence room in his office complex after an inter- billion to $25 billion. view with NBC News. "I guess that'll rile up a few of the nay- The second layer is ground-based, using technology that sayers," he said, flipping through a stack of telephone mes- U.S. defense contractors already have developed. This phase sages. would employ small rockets that are fitted with warhead- Graham, a retired Army lieutenant general and former seeking devices. The rockets have homing devices that lock director of the Defense Intelligence Agency, is no stranger to onto warheads in space, intercepting them once they begin to controversy. As head of High Frontier, a private defense- turn downward toward targets. This system would protect the policy organization in Washington, D.C., Graham is consid- United States from a "light" or even accidental nuclear ered by many people to be one of the godfathers of the attack. It could be deployed in five years at a cost of $3 Strategic Defense Initiative. For years, Graham's organiza- billion. tion has urged the U.S. government to deploy a space- and Finally, there is a point defense, which protects such sites land-based defense system that would shield the United as hardened command-and-control centers and missile silos. States from nuclear attack. This phase uses guns to produce a cloud of pellets that would

"It's imperative that we create and deploy a defense that is catch any warheads that have slipped through the other two so good, no one would ever attempt a deliberate attack layers. The technology is available now, and this system against us. But time is running out on us," Graham told one could be fully deployed in three years at a cost of $2 .6 billion. of our reporters. Qa Critics of SDI often say that the complete system American Legion Magazine: High Frontier calls for a could cost as much as $1 trillion. Why is there such a wide three-layered defense against nuclear attack. What does difference between your estimate and those of critics? the system include? A The $ 1 trillion price tag is an utterly specious figure, and the people who originated it — the Union of Concerned General Graham: Our system includes mature technology. Scientists — have admitted that there is nothing to justify Two of the layers would be land-based; the other would be that cost. The three-layer system that High Frontier supports space-based. The space system would be the first to engage would cost $30 billion to $60 billion. Our estimate comes

~~missiles launched against the United States. from the folks who would be responsible for building it: High Frontier proposes that a rather large number of defense contractors.~~

~~32 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE "~~

~~A REALITY - This flight-test version of the kinetic-ldll ERIS is being developed for midphase defense by the Lockheed IVIissiles and Space Co.~~

But the three-layered system is not deployable today because nobody has been given the job of manufacturing the components for it. It's quite possible for the President to make the decision now so that the work can get under way. There is far less technical risk in deploying SDI than there was in Eisenhower's decision to deploy the Polaris sub- GRAHAM: "To say tlmtyou don 7 want a defense system because marine. it's not 100 percent effective is like telling a policeman he shouldn 't wear a bulletproof vest because he might get shot in the leg. Qb Critics also have said that while an SDI system possibly could be deployed, it shouldn't be because it isn't 100 percent effective. How do you respond to that argument? Qa Does anything in our present defense system shield us Alt is a strange argument, to say the least. These critics from nuclear attack? usually are the same ones who do not require perfection A Nothing. Americans must face the dark reality that at in arms-control agreements or even in the performance of our this moment, they are totally unprotected. Many people offensive weapons. Well, there never has been a perfect think that we have a defensive shield against nuclear attack, defense system, and there never will be. To say that you don't but the simple truth is that we're nuclear nudists. We have no want a defense system because it's not 100 percent effective ability whatsoever to stop a nuclear weapon, even one that is is like telling a policeman he shouldn't wear a bulletproof fired by accident. vest because he might get shot in the leg. I daresay that the policeman won't buy that argument. Qb The doctrine of Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD)

Realistically, I believe that no Soviet leader or military obviously must have some effect, lulling us into the belief commander would commit missiles to an attack if he figures that we are protected from attack because we have the that only one of every 10 will find its target. No sane person ability to retaliate. Do you think the Soviets follow this line would try that. of thinking?

~~MAY 1988 "~~

~~"irS IMPERATIVE f^iof we create and deploy a defense~~

~~that is so good, no one would ever attempt a deliberate attack against us.~~

A I believe that ordinary Soviets want no part of a nuclear war. As a matter of fact, they probably don't want any part of any war, because they always have come out on the short end of the stick. But ordinary Soviets have no say in what their government does. There is something fundamentally wrong with the MAD philosophy, which is a threat of nuclear vengeance. MAD maintains that "killing people is good and killing weapons is bad." I don't believe that Soviet military and government leaders follow the MAD philosophy. No credible person in the United States will deny that the Soviets have at least aimed at the United States, and the farthest one is just 35 2,000 long-range ballistic missiles with at least 6,000 minutes away. nuclear warheads on them. Every one of these missiles is While MAD maintains that "if you destroy us, we'll destroy you," SDI is the reverse. Strategic defense is mutual assured survival, not destruction.

HOWTO CRIPPLE A FIRST STRIKE Qb Some people oppose SDI because they say it militarizes space. Is that a valid argument? To ATTEMPT an effective first strike on the United A Space was militarized a long time ago. It was militarized States, the Soviet Union first must believe that it in 1 945 , when Germany fired V-2 rockets that landed on can destroy at least 500 key military targets. targets in London. The device that truly militarizes space —

~~With no defense in place, this first-strike mission the long-range ballistic missile — is why we should create an simply requires two Soviet warheads, or re-entry SDI system.~~

vehicles (RVs), per target— 1 ,000 RVs in all. Putting defenses in place vastly complicates this Qa The Soviets have waged a formidable anti-SDI cam- simple arithmetic and reduces the probability that the paign. But haven't they also been working on a SDI system? RVs will hit their assigned targets. Before launching a A Yes. The Soviets apparently have investigated every first strike, a Soviet attack planner would need to be at conceivable way of obtaining a strategic defense, and

least 90 percent certain that two warheads per target they've spent a great deal of money researching it. Much of would penetrate the defenses. the work has concentrated on lasers, phasers and particle- Critics who say that the Soviets would simply over- beam weapons. As far as we're able to tell, the Soviets are far whelm any U.S. defenses with additional offensive ahead of us in these areas. But the first generation of an SDI

missiles should consider this: If there is a 50 percent- system requires a large number of sophisticated satellites, efficient defense in only one layer, the attacker would and this calls for large-scale production of high-quality

~~need not 1 ,000 but 6.000 RVs for 90 percent confi- components. They cannot compete with us in that area.~~

dence of success. Three layers of defense, each with 50 There is no way that the Soviets could steal technology percent efficiency, would require 29,000 Soviet RVs from us fast enough for them to keep up with our program — for the same mission— far more than the current Soviet if and when we decide to deploy a strategic-defense system. inventory. Now. I've told this directly to the Soviets at meetings I've

~~A conservative estimate of High Frontier's three- attended. They get a little catatonic about it, because they~~

~~layer SDI system is 70 percent effectiveness per layer. know I'm right. They simply can't keep up once we decide to~~

To overcome SDI and achieve a successful first strike, get SDI out of the laboratory and turn it over to the defense the Soviets would have to launch 142,000 warheads. industry. The Soviets trail the United States in two areas that Not even the Soviet Union could afford to build that are fundamental to SDI: microelectronics and computer many nuclear warheads and the necessary launchers— technology.

not to mention how long it would take. There is an important distinction between efficiency Qb Do vou believe that the United States should withdraw and effectiveness. A 90 percent-efficient defense can from the ABM Treaty? be 100 percent-effective by making the success of an A Absolutely. It is the height of hypocrisy that both houses attack so improbable as to ensure that it never will be of the U.S. Congress voted to condemn the Soviets' launched. many violations of the ABM Treaty and, on the same day. Please turn to page 60

~~34 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE THE NATION'S PULSE ON SDI AND DEFENSE~~

OR many people, the explode. If warheads on an attacking Strategic Defense Initia- missile explode during the approach, tive conjures up dazzling there will be no clouds of radioactive images of starships travel- dust or ground damage if they are inter- ing at the speed of light, cepted above 50,000 feet. and visions of a galactic battle between good and Q. Will SDI involve nuclear evil. It's a label that quickly weapons in space? F became associated with A No. The weapons under develop- the popular movie Star Wars — Holly- ment are non-nuclear. wood science fiction at its best. But perhaps the real fiction of SDI is Qb Some people believe that SDI in the many myths and misunderstand- threatens to take the world to the ing associated with this controversial brink of nuclear war. Won't the defense system. Here are some of the Soviets feel threatened by SDI and most frequently asked questions about launch a pre-emptive missile attack? SDI, according to the George C. Mar- In the short term, they won't attack shall Institute, Washington, D.C. A us for the same reason they don't attack us now: the strong U.S. sub- Qb Don't most scientists agree that a TEST RESULTS — Squatting inside a marine deterrent. In the long term, our defense against a nuclear-missile railgun, an LTV technician examines a government has said it will try to attack is impossible? steel plate that was penetrated by the negotiate a parallel deployment of Thousands of scientists and A gun's lexan "cube" projectile. defenses with the Soviets, so that engineers in the United States are neither side gains military superiority working on a missile defense, but only that they later admitted was greatly and neither side can feel threatened. four of those scientists who have full inflated. access to classified information on 0. Doesn't SDI violate the ABM missile defense have said that defense is Qa How effective will this defense Treaty? impossible. Fifty-four Nobel laureates be? stated goal is research on signed an appeal opposing space-based ASDI's Dr. James Fletcher, a physicist and ballistic-missile defenses. The missile defenses, but 53 of the signers A the former head of NASA, has ABM Treaty does not limit goals; it had no experience whatsoever in mis- written that a basic two-layer system limits activities. DoD research has been sile-defense work. According to Nature, could be in operation by the early 1 990s in accordance with the treaty because it the world's leading scientific journal, a and that it could protect 90 percent to allows ABM tests from areas desig- considerable part of the "technical com- 99 percent of the nation's population nated as missile-test ranges. For the munity" said it believes that a defense from a massive nuclear attack. Fletcher next several years there will be no con- against missiles is feasible. said that an advanced three- or four- flict between SDI and the ABM Treaty. layer system could be deployed by the 0. How much will SDI cost? late 1990s and, in his opinion, could Qb Why should we have SDI if the A Over a five-year period, a basic shield more than 99 percent of the popu- Soviets don't have such a system? two-layer defense system would lation. A The Soviets have been working on cost about $60 billion. An advanced strategic defense for more than 20 three- or four-layer system would cost Qa If our defense destroys a Soviet years. Fletcher, who has had full access roughly $200 billion over a 10-year nuclear missile, won't that cause a to intelligence reports on the Soviet period. These are approximate figures, nuclear explosion in space? ABM program, has said, "The Soviet based on analyses provided by the A No, because it is very difficult to Union is pursuing its program at the Defense Department and private com- make a nuclear weapon explode. fastest pace that its technology allows." panies that would be responsible for When a defense weapon — a cloud of Therefore, it is unlikely that a U.S. SDI developing a system. These estimates bullets, for example — hits a warhead, could trigger an arms race in space. The are far short of the $ 1 trillion figure that it is likely that it will damage the elec- Soviets will build their missile defense SDI opponents first offered — a price tronics so that the warhead won't whether or not we build ours.

~~MAY 1988 35 The Soviets' sudden eagerness for arms control may be a ploy to discredit the need for SDI. They fear a technological race that they cannot win.~~

~~AND SOVIET FOREIGN POLICY~~

tional weapons and a monopoly on Soviet leaders also do not consider By Dmitry Mikheyev three defensive systems: civil, air and SDI to be just another weapon system, ballistic missiles? Their defense systems equivalent to a nuclear submarine or an INCE Reykjavik and par- are constantly upgraded with better ICBM with multiple warheads. For

ticularly since the INF guidance systems, fast-burn boosters, them it is a new technological revolu- Treaty was signed, hardly phased radars and so on. Finally, the tion that has many political, economic anybody has doubted that Soviets are diligently working on their and even ideological ramifications. SDI is a linchpin of Soviet own SDI, and perhaps are ahead of us in One might say that Soviet leaders view foreign policy: Soviet such areas as ground-based lasers and SDI as the strategic political initiative leaders clearly are com- elementary-particle weapons. that threatens to take away the Soviet mitted to stopping Ameri- So why don't the Soviets simply Union's superpower status. ca's SDI. They do not laugh at "stupid American imperialists" even hide their objective anymore, and who, out of their paranoia, decided to [E MUST remember that the Soviet invest so much energy, money and time throw away a couple trillion dollars for Union is an underdeveloped coun- in this effort that one cannot help but something that is not going to work try that has an overdeveloped wonder why. anyway? Instead, they are so deter- military machine. The infrastructure Indeed, why would the Soviets be so mined to stop the American SDI that necessary for a scientific-technological obsessed with the idea of stopping an they are willing to trade 2.5 times more revolution does not exist in the Soviet American defense program if they of their intermediate-range missiles. Union. India and South Korea have enjoy numerical superiority in conven- To resolve this riddle of Soviet be- more personal computers, VCRs, satel- havior, we first must evaluate the tech- lite dishes and photocopying machines nical feasibility of SDI. The Soviets do than the Soviet Union does. Since the Dinitry Mikheyev, a not for a minute doubt the potential of end of WWII, the USSR has been dili- Soviet political dis- America's scientific-technological- gently building its smokestack indus- senter was ex- who industrial community. Their scientists tries, and amassing tanks, artillery, pelled the USSR fi'om are convinced that once America has rockets and nuclear warheads. Its lead- in 1979. is a consultant the political determination and pro- ers have neglected the developments of to author the CIA and vides the necessary financial support, the information age: telephones, com- Soviet Per- of The there will be no stopping the tide of puters, roads and data banks. They have spective on SDI. technological breakthroughs. been preoccupied with maintaining the

36 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE tightest possible control over the infor- Therefore, Soviet leaders face a pain- mation flow. ful dilemma. If America's SDI pro- For example, each typewriter sold in ceeds, the Soviet Union might lose the the Soviet Union is registered, and the new technological race and the ability \ HE Soviet KGB keeps a record of typewriter to carry on its struggle under the um- "fingerprints" so that it can track any brella of the nuclear threat, and might Union is on under- underground literature. One has to have drop out of the race for influence in a special permit to use the country's Third World countries. developed country few photocopying machines, which are Furthermore, Soviet leaders are con- ttiot ties on over- available only in government offices. cerned that the new technological revo- Soviet leaders thought they could keep lution might eventually upset even the developed militory the nation hungry and ignorant, yet still conventional superiority of the Warsaw mochine. able to compete with the West in mili- Pact nations. The enhanced non-nuclear tary technology if they provided the strategic threat might include the de- scientific community with technical velopment of "smart rocks," railguns information and funding. and directed-energy weapons, which by the political process. Next will fol- But producing the type of missile could make tanks obsolete and even low a 50 percent cut in strategic nuclear defense envisioned by the current U.S. could make non-nuclear strikes on top forces and "serious negotiations" of administration would require a differ- Soviet leaders possible. conventional-forces reduction. The ent technological effort. In order to On the other hand, to compete in this unprecedented progress of the arms- compete technologically, the Soviet new technological race, Soviet leaders control process, and the new detente Union will have to embark on an infor- will have to radically restructure the that will accompany it, are likely to mation revolution that surely will un- socioeconomic system by unleashing have an enormous effect on American dermine the Communist Party's market forces, and by giving up their public opinion. This nation might de- monopoly on information. The end of monopoly on the economy and informa- cide that because of new political think- this monopoly would be the end of the tion. Both scenarios involve grave risks ing in the Kremlin, one can negotiate indoctrination of the Soviet people. In for the party. extremely difficult problems with it. turn, the end of the indoctrination The Soviet political strategy, there- The "triumph of common sense, would be the beginning of the end of the fore, is that by signing the INF Treaty, humanism and realism" will bring on party's political control. Soviet leaders will demonstrate that for euphoria, particularly after the whole The USSR also will have to introduce the first time in the history of the nuclear world watches the first destruction of a true incentives and new, truly effective age, nuclear weapons can be destroyed Please turn to page 75 quality-control mechanisms. The centrally planned economic system is based on the fear of reprisals that inevitably follow if the production quota is not fulfilled. Quality also is enforced by fear of reprisals. The low quality of Soviet goods testifies that the existing system of quality control has reached the limits of its effectiveness. Market forces and competition, on the other hand, have proved to be the most effective quality-control mechanism. Therefore, unless they decen- tralize their economy and introduce market forces, the Soviets will not be able to achieve the required level of quality and develop the necessary spectrum of technology. Not even massive investments can resolve the problem of poor-quality industrial goods. This time, even a massive infu- sion of Western technology would not help the Soviets much because of the constantly increasing complexity of production methods.

~~MAY 1988 37 Regaining the~~

~~mmAmerican citizens n must seporofe file vvmm myfins from fine realifies ofSDi if we are fo defend ourselves against a nuciear sfrike, says fhis space- defense expert~~

~~•i( I~~

~~By Lt. Gen. James A. Abrahamson~~

~~FOUR years, the West will mark the 500th anniversary of one of the most daring discoveries nNever recorded: Chris- topher Columbus' voyage to the New World. The early 1990s also will be~~

~~1 landmark years, due to the development of the Strategic Defense Initiative, America's defense against ballistic-missile attack. The Strategic Defense Initiative Organization's mis-~~

sion is to bring research to a point at which an intelligent deployment decision can be made. Our task as we enter the 1990s, however, is not simply a technological one. A new strategic era is dawning, in which we must grapple with technologies that will enable us to defend ourselves against a nuclear strike. As the technology is developed, we must i assess the political and strategic impli- cations of anti-missile defenses. Meet-

~~Air Force Lt. Gen. James A. Abrahamson, a combat pilot who flew 49 missions in Southeast Asia, is director of the Swategic Defense Initiative Organization.~~

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE ing that challenge depends upon our fect is paralyzing. There is a deep irony SPACE SHIELD — Kinetic-energy, laser part of ability to separate myth from reality, in arguments that condemn prospective and directed-energy systems are a muitiptiase defense plan. since many misperceptions cloud dis- defense systems for not being "leak- cussions of strategic defense. proof." But today, our leakage rate is 100 percent. We cannot prevent a single against. For instance, there is no Myth No. 1 : If it isn 't perfect, it isn 't worth missile, once launched, from striking current research on a defense against having. our territory. We rely on our offensive low-flying cruise missiles (although The first myth is perhaps the most nuclear weapons to deter war; we have traditional air defenses can intercept dangerous, because it sets up a false no means of defense. If our deterrent them). Nor does SDI defend against a standard for judging the value of should break down in the face of an nuclear bomb planted in a suitcase. But strategic defense. We frequently hear accidental nuclear launch, or under the no Soviet military strategist will launch that only a perfect strategic defense threats of terrorists who obtain nuclear a first strike with cruise missiles or system would be worth building. Pro- missiles, we would be completely vul- suitcase bombs. Our concern is the ponents of this view often point out that nerable. lightning-fast, highly accurate ballistic even a few warheads penetrating a missile. Against this more-devastating strategic defense system would do can change that. Each new phase threat, the insurance that SDI could untold damage. Since perfection is SDIand layer of defense will offer addi- supply is indispensable. beyond our reach, these critics say, tional protection against ballistic- building any system is useless. At times missile attack, whether it is accidental Myth No. 2: Countering SDI is cheap, they even cite the current administra- or intentional. But this long-term quick and easy. tion's desire to make nuclear weapons strategic-insurance plan pays an The same critics who contend that "impotent and obsolete" as an argu- immediate dividend in terms of deter- SDI's task is impossible and its cost is ment against a less-than-perfect anti- rence. Even a limited defense makes prohibitive tend to accept any counter- missile system. our deterrent stronger by adding a new measure that is mentioned, no matter Setting up a standard based on false element of uncertainty to the life of the how fantastic. The difficulty and expectations makes it easier for critics Soviet strategic planner. He may know expense of actually building such a to shoot down SDI. In fact, even an that some of his missiles will penetrate countermeasure is seldom examined. imperfect strategic defense system American defenses, but he cannot know The truth is that countering a strategic would significantly strengthen deter- which ones or how many. If he is uncer- defense system would not be cheap, rence. SDI has never envisioned an tain whether his attack will destroy quick or easy. impenetrable defense; it is trying to America's ability to retaliate, he will be According to some SDI critics, the develop a stronger, more-defenseless likely to launch it in the first place. Soviets could quickly negate a strategic related deterrent. There are, of course, nuclear threats defense by adding more missiles, short- The myth that a defense must be per- that SDI is not designed to defend ening the boost phase by introducing

MAY 1988 39 fast-burn rockets and deploying decoy three, which claim that SDI will not warheads to confuse sensors. new world work or will be too costly. This myth But what would it cost the Soviets to claims that we do not need, and should redesign their multibillion-ruble ballis- of defensive not have, a strategic defense system, tic-missile force to accommodate fast- even if we can build one. Strategic deterrence is burn boosters? How many years would defense, it asserts, is inherently it take? How many warheads would be within sight; destabilizing. removed to make way for decoys, and According to critics who make this how would those decoys be designed? we must not foil argument, it is not anti-missile Heavy decoys closely resemble real weapons alone that pose the danger, but to reoch it warheads, but their weight limits the strategic defenses coupled with offen- number of real warheads per missile. sive nuclear weapons. In accord with a Lightweight decoys allow more real claim often made by Soviet officials, warheads per launcher, but they burn the cost projections for the future, are some American critics of SDI argue upon re-entry, leaving only real far lower. Since the SDI program began that a strategic defense system, once in warheads for defenses to target. in March 1983, we have spent $8 billion place, would be a shield behind which And how would the Soviets respond on research. the U.S. could launch a first strike. In to the element of uncertainty intro- Spending in the current fiscal year this scenario, the defensive system duced by a U.S. strategic-defense sys- will be $3.9 billion. That is about 1 would defeat any retaliatory strike. tem? How would they predict which percent of the annual defense budget, One fatal flaw in this argument is that missiles would survive to hit which one-quarter of 1 percent of the entire the United States is not seeking to targets? Could they multiply their mis- federal budget and about one-tenth of 1 launch a first strike. Also, this argu- sile force as well as redesign it, and at percent of the gross national product. ment assumes that only the United what cost? Those are hardly the figures that SDI's States would enjoy the protection of critics cite. strategic defenses. An American EANWHILE, the U.S. strategic Of course, billions of dollars is a very monopoly on anti-missile systems sim-

~~1 defense effort would not be stand- abstract notion. To put the SDI budget ply does not exist.~~

ing still; new phases and strength- in perspective, consider the fact that Myth No. 5: SDI is an A/nerican escalation ened layers of defense would continue Americans spend $20 billion on soft of the amis race. to challenge Soviet planners. But SDFs drinks each year— about five times This claim mistakes the fact that we critics, who are adroit at spotting what what we spend searching for ways to hear little about Soviet anti-missile they take to be terminal weaknesses in protect ourselves from a nuclear-missile programs for proof that those programs the U.S. program, rarely acknowledge attack. do not exist. the trade-offs and technical challenges What, then, will a strategic defense In fact, strategic defense is not an that the Soviets would face. system cost? Our best estimate today is American innovation. The Soviets also that it will cost no more than a tenth of Myth No. 3: SDI costs will be exorbitant. are pursuing an anti-missile defense the amount that critics contend it will Critics claim that SDI is a budget- and have been for 20 years. Their pro- take to research, develop and deploy a buster, a trillion-dollar program that gram ranges from traditional anti- first-phase strategic defense system our country never can afford. Although missile technologies, including the over the course of a decade. This is a that figure is more alarming than accu- world's only operational anti-ballistic- substantial but hardly staggering cost, rate, it has become a truism. Seldom is missile system, to the same advanced given what strategic defense can offer us. there any attempt to back up exorbitant technologies that SDI would use. But any estimate of the total cost cost claims with hard figures. In many In the past decade, the USSR has must be speculative, since research is a cases, critics simply intend the trillion- spent the equivalent of $200 billion on dynamic process. As work on the most dollar price tag to short-circuit serious strategic defense work of all kinds. promising SDI technologies proceeds, discussion of SDI's merits. Soviet laser-weapons work, for instance, the process itself will separate expen- The actual costs of SDI to date, and involves 10,000 scientists and engi- sive blind alleys from cost-effective neers, and has moved beyond pure innovations. The engineers who designed research to the production of at least personal calculators in the 1970s prob- one ground-based prototype. ably are surprised to find them selling Only in late 1987 did Soviet leaders today for just a few dollars apiece. acknowledge their long-secret strategic Trillion-dollar rhetoric aside, assign- defense program. For the most part, the ing a final price to SDI now is beyond Soviet Union has been content to remain anyone's ability. Technological advances quiet about its strategic defense work, tend to make systems more economical, while condemning SDI for starting a not less. new arms race. The fact that the Soviets Myth No. 4: If it works. SDI will be also have an active anti-missile pro- destabilizing. gram should receive central attention in The fourth myth differs from the first any debate on SDI. The United States is not out to stop the Soviets from engaging in strategic MISSILE DEFENSE - A kinetic-kill vehicle much like this mock-up is being built defense work. Our view is that both the by Rockwell International Corp. Please turn to page 72

~~40 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE WMPOl Of Space~~

The lowest layer of defense available By Angelo M. Codevilla to the United States amounts to extend- ing air defense to the very edges of space. America already has the high- 0INCE man first took up tech radar system needed for this layer: arms, military leaders have the Navy's AEGIS. It now defends our prepared to fight for con- fleets but could be repackaged to move trol of the high ground about on trucks. Accompanying these overlooking the battles radars would be interceptor missiles they planned. Today, the that could smash into incoming high ground is space. The warheads at altitudes of perhaps 20 outcomes of major wars miles. would be decisively af- The Army has developed the guid- fected by ballistic missiles that can ance technology for these interceptors travel hundreds or even thousands of under the HEDI program. Only an un- miles through space. Any nation that reasonable demand for perfection keeps cannot control the space above itself such interceptors from being ready for and its military forces must count on production. Each AEGIS-HEDI unit being hit by ballistic missiles in the could protect an area 100 miles in opening moments of a war. diameter against up to two dozen We Americans and our allies need a KINETIC ENERGY - The space-based warheads at a time. But note that very railgun defense against ballistic missiles. That uses electrical forces to fire few targets are designated to receive "smart" projectiles, which travel as fast is because our Soviet enemies, using more than two warheads. Thus for most as 20 miles per second. only a small percentage of their missile places, especially cities, the presence of force, are able to destroy a high percent- one of these terminal defense units age of our missiles, bombers, sub- About 30 years ago, when the first would be adequate insurance. marines, military nerve centers and crude missiles traversed space, the For example, the presence of 500 such military supplies. Unlike our own, the United States had the technology to mobile units in the United States would Soviet Union's missile forces were not deploy an anti-missile system called the be a powerful deterrent to a Soviet at- designed to destroy cities. Instead, they Nike-Zeus, which would have met that tack. The Soviets would never know were designed to deliver a first strike threat. The several versions of Zeus whether any target would be defended that would leave most of us alive, but successor, the Nike-X, were ready to or how many defense units they would largely disarmed and open to Soviet defend the United States against the have to try to overwhelm. blackmail. Unless we can somehow more-sophisticated Soviet missile To control the zone 100 to 500 miles protect ourselves from the threat of threats of the late 1960s and 1970s. But above our country, we now have the being disarmed and blackmailed from U.S. leaders in those years chose not to Army's ERIS interceptor missile and space, nothing else that we do for our defend the American people against the its flying optical-instrument package, military can amount to much. existing threat with the means at hand. known as the AOA. The AOA can tell Fortunately, we do not lack the Their excuse was that today's defenses the subtle differences between the tem- means to control the space above this could not protect against tomorrow's peratures of incoming warheads and country. But it is not now, never was threat. those of decoys while they still are in and never will be a question of guaran- In the 1980s, too, we are being told deep space, and can point the ERIS teed full control — life does not come that we must wait for the defensive interceptors in the right direction to with guarantees. technologies of 2000 — only to have smash into the warheads. The warheads them judged insufficient by the stand- would be intercepted at high altitudes, ards of 2010. But common sense de- regardless of their destinations; hence, Angelo M. Codevilla, mands that we protect ourselves with each ERIS site could protect a broad senior research fellow what we have, especially since what we swath of the country. Again, a Soviet at Stanford University's have is good enough to make a Soviet attack planner could not know the Hoover Institution, is a first strike obviously unreasonable. chances that ERIS might pick up any consultant, author and Should such a strike occur neverthe- specific warhead. editor ofComparative less, we must have the ability to protect United States also has the means Strategy. The ourselves from its effects. Please turn to page 62

~~MAY 1988 41 OUR FUTURE?~~

hostilities in space and regarding the By Thomas H. Krebs mastery of space as a prerequisite for achieving victory in war." The implica- A Soviet Mir space station. tions are clear. Domination of space, N AUGUST 1983, as the the ultimate high ground, can prevent Pentagon's chief analyst other powers from using space during on the Soviet space pro- wartime. The probability of Soviet suc- gram, I briefed President The Soviet Union cess in terrestrial battles would be Reagan on Soviet space- greatly enhanced. Most important, the is warfare capabilities. The on course to doctrine requires control of the paths briefing outlined how the dominofe spoce through which ballistic missiles travel Soviets could be expected on the way to their targets. This would to use their space capabili- by the mid-1990s. reduce — and eventually could effec- ties in the event of war in both 1983 and tively eliminate — our nuclear deter- Tfie United States 1993. The briefing's conclusion was rent. that unless the United States did some needs to do some To achieve these objectives, the smart things in space quickly, the Soviets would have to develop credible Soviets probably would dominate space smart ttiings in anti-satellite and anti-ballistic-missile by the mid-1990s and, that, because of space quicl

~~I would reach the same conclusion tunately, that appears to be just what today, but I would be less optimistic they have been doing. The Pentagon~~

about the chances of the United States and the sounds are more ominous than concluded 1 6 years ago that the Soviets to avert an unimaginable disaster for before. had fielded an operational anti-satellite the Free World. The Soviets have con- Intelligence analysts investigating device consisting of a co-orbital satel- tinued to make substantial progress in potential threats look at two charac- lite that can fire thousands of lethal accomplishing their military space teristics of adversaries: their intentions pellets from short range at satellites in goals, while the United States has and their capabilities. The threatening low Earth orbit. Recently the Soviets merely considered doing some smart intentions of the Soviet space program have been developing a powerful things in space. The clock is ticking. long have been evident. The Soviets" ground-based laser, which could render current capabilities are considerable, satellites in low Earth orbit useless and and substantial improvements now degrade the abilities of those in high Thomas H. Krebs, a under development should reach frui- orbits. space-defense-policy tion by the mid-1990s. The Soviets also are suspected of analyst who owns a In 196fi the Soviet general staff out- having considerable ability to interfere consulting firm, is an lined national intentions with respect to electronically with satellites in low and expert on the Soviet space in a publication that included the high orbits. However, the largest poten-

~~space threat and author Soviet military space doctrine. It de- tial threat to U.S. satellites would come (f Tsar Wars. scribed a doctrine "envisaging active from megawatt-class laser satellites.~~

42 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE The Soviets have announced plans, ostensibly for scientific purposes, to launch a megawatt-class laser suffi- ciently reliable to survive a planetary mission in the late 1980s. Use during wartime of these current and future anti-satellite capabilities would pose a severe threat to the ability of the West to conduct large-scale, modern military operations. Military functions that would be heavily handicapped include intelligence gathering, communications, precise navigation and weather forecasting. The United States plans to have a single anti-satellite device of its own, although congressional restrictions have repeatedly hampered its development. The United States also is conducting research, also under congressional funding and testing restrictions, on the Strategic Defense Initiative. This initiative, designed to destroy nuclear warheads in space before they could reach their targets, would require the following: deployment of hundreds of interceptor and sensor satellites; deployment of perhaps 1 ,000 ground-based interceptors; development of a large new booster; and deployment of a large, manned space station. The decision to deploy a space station by the mid- 1 990s already has been made. No U.S. decision has yet been made to develop the large booster, or the ground- or space- based interceptors and related sensor satellites. It will take a long time to develop these devices after such a decision is made.

Soviets have been exerting un- THEparalleled effort to delay or cancel the U.S. development of SDI. Be- cause of repeated Soviet statements, the average American no doubt con- cludes that the Soviets oppose the deployment of ballistic-missile defenses in space. However, the truth appears to be that the Soviets are opposed only to an American deployment and that they are positioning themselves to deploy their own system before the United States does, if they can delay us long enough. The existence of such a system would be in accordance with the Soviet space doctrine and with current Soviet tests. Because of chronic space-reliability problems, any Soviet version of SDI will require the deployment and in-orbit servicing of hundreds, if not thousands, of satellites. Many of the failed Soviet SPACE MASTER — The Soviet 170 million-hp. rocket Energia, which was flight- tested Please turn to page 74 last year, is capable of carrying hundreds of Tsar Wars satellites.

~~43 MAY 1988 By Craig Covault~~

OUR billion miles from Earth, NASA's Pioneer 10 spacecraft is engaged in a real-life "Star Trek," carrying the American flag into uncharted territory. On the surface of the moon, 240,000 miles from F Earth, six more American flags mark man's first visits to another body in space. On the surface of Mars, 200 million miles distant, the Stars and Stripes fly at two locations atop U.S. Viking landers; and Voyager 2, now more than 2 billion miles out, is carrying another U.S. flag toward the planet Neptune for the first spacecraft encounter with that mysterious world. GIANT STEP — U.S. lunar missions provided a wealth of scientific information. The U.S. civilian space program has laid claim to the universe. In doing so,

it has brought the scientific, technological and emotional benefits of peaceful space exploration to not only the United States, but also the entire Free World. THE PEACEFUL USES OF The civilian space program also has helped a lot of people on Mother Earth. When Vietnam veteran Jack Boye sailed from Miami in his sloop Dear America, en route to New York to participate in the dedication of a Vietnam

memorial, he had no idea that the U.S. I civilian space program, with a little help from the Soviets, was about to save SPAOF his life. Three days into'the trip Boye accidentally sailed into the teeth of an Arctic cold front, which caused 60- mph winds and 25-foot seas. His sloop, effort, picked up the distress signal and NASA conducts most civilian space named for a book that quoted letters relayed it to 111. efforts, but it is the Commerce Depart- Scott AFB, , setting in from U.S. servicemen in Vietnam, was motion a rescue operation that gave ment's National Oceanic and Atmos- in serious danger of sinking 150 miles Boye a new appreciation for the space pheric Administration that brings off Cape Hatteras. program. civilian space efforts to the public on a The boat lost its engine, its rigging More than 1 ,000 people around the daily basis, in the form of accurate and electrical power; then it capsized world have been rescued in the same weather forecasting. and began taking water. Boye activated manner by the Search and Rescue Satel- the boat's emergency position-indi- lite System, which uses receivers on LEAST four NOAA weather cator beacon. "I was in real danger of three U.S. weather satellites and two ATsatellites keep watch over the going down," he said. Soviet navigation spacecraft. De- weather constantly. Two of the Unseen 620 miles overhead, a Soviet veloped by NASA in the '70s, the sys- spacecraft, each about the size of a sta- navigation spacecraft, part of a U.S.- tem has become a classic example of tion wagon, are in 530-mile-high polar Soviet-Canadian-French civilian space the benefits of the peaceful uses of orbits, flying over Earth's major land space and international cooperation. masses every few hours. These space- Craig Covault, senior Since its inception nearly 30 years craft provide high-resolution visible and space editor of Avia- ago, the U.S. civilian space program infrared images of the clouds, and their tion Week & Space has spent about $140 billion on the sensors probe the atmosphere to meas- Technology, is an peaceful exploration and exploitation ure water vapor, temperature and other award-winning jour- of space. That three-decade spending data that are vital to weather forecasting. nalist who specializes total is less than half of what the De- While these low-altitude satellites in articles on the space fense Department spends in a single provide the detailed images, some program. year. 22,000 miles higher, two other space-

44 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE craft are parked in stationary orbit, ing fleets use this information to find providing the big picture of major the best fishing spots. weather features moving across the • Citrus farming. When freezing tem- United States. These satellites, also peratures threaten the U.S. citrus crop, IIHE HUBBLE operated by the Commerce Department, GOES provides temperature data on a are called GOES — geostationary oper- near-real-time basis to show the loca- Space Telescope environmental satellites. GOES tion line. This information ational of the freeze will be able to craft provide the weather pictures that is vital to citrus growers, who use it to you see on television every day. They determine when and how to begin tak- see billions several photos each hour and relay expensive steps needed to pro- take ing the of light years meteorological data from hundreds of tect their crops. remote ground-based sensors to NOAA • Commercial shipping. GOES data info space. processing facilities, where the data are are used twice weekly to provide Great used to forecast the nation's weather. Lakes ice advisories, which help stretch shipping as far into the winter as possi- eOES images also have spawned ble and start it again as early in the terdependent. As a result, these satel- commercial businesses that now spring as practical. Multimillion-dollar lites were both the bearers of bad news generate about $100 million in decisions depend on this information. and unwitting participants in the event. annual revenue. At least six companies In addition, ocean shippers use GOES It is becoming increasingly evident package the imagery for sale to televi- ocean-current data to plan the most that the U.S. civilian space program sion stations and other users. NOAA, in efficient routes. also is a key element in maintaining connection with private industry, also Satellites not only warn about the America's competitiveness around the provides GOES images and data to spe- weather, but also about possible finan- Please turn to page 78 cialized commercial operations. cial losses. When the stock market - Among them: crashed last October it did not crash just SPACE STATION Scheduled to be placed in orbit by NASA in the mid-1990s, • Commercial fishing. Twice weekly, on Wall Street; it crashed in financial this permanently manned, international GOES data on ocean-water tempera- centers around the world. Commercial space station will serve as a research calculate the upwelling ture are used to communications satellites, 22,000 facility and staging base for manned and of water and the likely presence of nu- miles out in space, link all of the world unmanned exploration of the solar trients that attract fish. American fish- markets and make them instantly in- system.

MAY 1988 45 INCE its dedication in van. 1st Lt. Hedwig Diane Orlowski. Capt. hands, hearing your .screams in my 1982, the Vietnam Veter- Eleanor Grace Alexander. Capt. Mary sleep, scrubbing the smell ofyour ans Memorial in Washing- Therese Klinker. 2nd Lt. Carol Ann burned bodiesfrom my clothes,

ton, D.C. , has become the Drazba. Lt. Col. Annie Ruth Graham and feeling your pain, which never eases, embodiment of America's 2nd Lt. Elizabeth Ann Jones— eight nurses fighting a war that never ends. pain, grief and healing in who died in Vietnam. Dusty — Vietnam 1966-68 the wake of our least- I went to Vietnam to heal "Dusty" was her nickname in Viet- popular war. Millions have and came home silently wounded. nam. She came home so wounded that solemnly visited this I went to Vietnam to heal to survive, she changed her name, her haunting shrine, remembering, recon- and still awaken from nightmares profession and her past. She is married ciling and renewing. Shrapnel in the about those we couldn 't save. to a businessman who has no idea that Heart is a collection of heart-rending I went to Viemam to heal his wife was ever a nurse, in the Army letters left at the memorial. It also pre- and came home to grieve for those or in Vietnam. sents the painful, tender and haunting we sent home blind, paralyzed, She did two tours, working in an tales of those who wrote these letters: limbless, mindless. evacuation hospital as a surgical, inten- the wives, children, siblings and friends I went to Viemam to heal sive-care or emergency-room nurse. of the more than 58,000 Americans and discovered 1 am not God. Nurses, it is often said, weren't in com- whose names are etched in the black bat. It's true that they didn't dodge granite and in our memories. To you whose names are on this wall: bullets, but they could not avoid the DUSTY I am Sony I couldn V be God. bodies. IfI were God, if there were a God, David is one of the wounded soldiers Tluspoeni is dedicated to 1st Lt. Sharon there would be no needfor such a wall. that Dusty remembers. One of his kid- Ann Lane. 2nd Lt. Pamela Dorothy Dono- neys had been removed, and the other But 1 am not God, and ,w / go on one essentially was destroyed; so was Excerpted from Shrapnel In The Heart, hy I liver. knew, that he Laura Palmer. '£'Ctipyrii;hr I9H7 hy Laura Palmer seeing the wounded when hear a his She knew, and he Used with permission of Random House Inc. chopper, washing your bloodfrom my would not make it through the night. He

~~46 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE ,~~

was conscious and coherent, and they son. "Dr. McGuire, the obstetrician, stayed together. Eighteen years later, stayed at the head of my bed, and he she wrote a poem about his death. cupped me in his arms," Jan remembered. "And this poor soldier came in is Dusty, Hello, David—my name sHE CAME home love he crying — and God him, was fm your night nurse. fhof after he found out I had just had a child. I will stay with you. so wounded But he had his orders, and he said, 'I'm I will check your vitals \ to survive, she sorry to inform you, but your husband every 15 minutes. has been killed.' I told Dr. McGuire, 'I I will document changed her name, want to go home. I'm not staying here." inevitability. her profession All of the nurses were crying." I will hang more blood Bob Kalsu was running to meet a and give you something and her past chopper that had just landed at firebase your pain. for Ripcord, on a desolate jungle moun- I will stay with you, taintop, when he was killed. It hap- and I will touch yourface. wife's — July 2 pened on his due date 1

1970 — and Jan is sure he was hoping Yes, of course, alone. Every one of them is missed." that the helicopter might bring news of I will write your mother Dusty can look at anything on the his baby. and tell her you were brave. west wall of the memorial, but when "When I was younger," Jill said of I will write your mother she is along the east wall, which her father, "I dreamed about him. But and tell her how much you loved her. includes her two years in Vietnam, she I really just think about him and I will write your mother will not read the names. She doesn't now how my life would be different if he and tell her to give your bratty kid sister want to discover anyone who left the were with me." Though she studied the a big kiss and hug. evac hospital only to die somewhere war in the eighth grade, Jill blanked What I will not tell her else. She will not relinquish anyone most of it out. She may want to know is that you were wasted. from her column of triumphs. more about it later, but not now. "I don't I will stay with you, JAMES ROBERT KALSU want to know what my dad went and I will hold your hand. through," she said. I will stay with you My prayer my dear and sweet husband, Jan was going through a safe-deposit and watch your life is that the world wouldforever know peace, box one day in 1985 and found a cas- flow through myfingers so that never again will death separate and sette tape that her husband sent home into my soul. permanently sear the hearts offamilies just before he was killed. She played I will stay with you torn by the tragedies ofwar I await the day the tape for her children, who heard until you stay with me. when the Lord reunites us in heaven. their father talk to his wife, speak lov- Honey, I love youforever ingly to Jill, then finish with these Goodbye, David—my name is Dust\\ Your wife, Jan words to his unborn child: "And now I'm the last person for you. Baby K. Daddy loves you, and you will see. Daddy: How I long for the day we will pretty soon I'll be home to hold you." I'm the last person be together again. So many times I have Fifteen years after his father died. Bob you will touch. wanted you to put your arm around me, Kalsu Jr. heard the words meant just for I'm the last person wipe a tearfrom my eye, orjust laugh and him. He took the tape to his bedroom, who will love you. tease with me. I think if we could be together we would be really close. I'm and played it over and over for a week. So long, David—my name is Dusty. proud ofyou and the values you stoodfor The Army abandoned firebase Rip- David—who will give me something I love you. Jill cord two days after Bob Kalsu died for my pain? defending it. Dad: How I've missed the father-and- What kept her going then, and what son things we could have done, the knowl- WILLIAM PAUL MASON helps a little now, is the knowledge that edge cmd love you could have given me. I DOUGLAS ALLEN HENNING she was making a difference. When she can't wait for the time we are reunited to GARY RAYTOWNSEND meets a vet and tells him she was a share our love and talk to each other You

nurse, the reaction is always the same: are truly a person I can look up to. Dear Gary, Doug and Billy: The "'A nurse!' And then their next words I love you. Bob Orchard Park High School Class of '65 is are 'Thank you' — whether they were liaving its 20-year reunion. Don 'tbe afraid

wounded or not, they always say it. One night when she was in boarding that you will not be remembered. We all Then they hug me, or ask if they can." school, Jan Darrow awakened her talked about you in 1975, and our thoughts She wishes that every soldier's roommates. "I just had this terrible are with you. I think of all ofyou — often.

mother could know how much her son dream," the 1 5-year-old told her friends. Two boyfriends and severalfriends gone is was loved — by his buddies; by the "A woman gave birth to a son, and she just too much, too much, too much. medics, doctors and nurses who cared couldn't tell her husband because he for him. "Everything humanly possible died before the baby was born." Years later that could have been done for every Years later, in a hospital room in I can never hear single one of them was done," she said, Oklahoma City, the nightmare came the sound ofa helicopter "and I don't think that any of them died true. It was the day after the birth of her Please turn to page 68

~~MAY 1988 47 Veterans update T~~

Itl! he Legion is dissatisfied with the management For example, the VA must provide free hospital care for all of CHAMPVA, the VA program that provides medical care non-service-connected veterans whose incomes fall below for dependents of disabled veterans and servicemen and the lowest level. Category A. If space is available, the VA -women who die on active duty. may provide free outpatient and nursing-home care to Cate- Testifying before the House Veterans Affairs Subcommit- gory A veterans. tee on Oversight and Investigations, a Legion spokesman Veterans in Category B, the second income limit, are eligi-

said that since its inception, the Civilian Health and Medical ble for free hospital, outpatient and nursing-home care on a Care Program of the Veterans Administration "has been space-available basis only. costly, wasteful and mismanaged." He said that despite Category C veterans whose incomes exceed the highest repeated complaints, the VA continues to carry thousands of income limits must agree to pay the VA a portion of the costs ineligible beneficiaries on its CHAMPVA rolls. before receiving treatment. "The result is a benefit program that has paid out tens of New income limits for the three categories of non-service- millions of taxpayers' dollars to people who were not eligible connected veterans seeking VA medical care are: for CHAMPVA benefits," the spokesman told the legis- • Category A: $15,833 or less if single, and $18,999 or lators. "At the same time, other areas in the VA's Department less if married, plus $1 ,055 for each additional dependent. of Medicine and Surgery have struggled under severe budget • Category B: Above $15,833 but less than $21,111 if constraints to try to provide an essential level of services and single, and above $18,999 but less than $26,389 if married, staffing in the medical-care program for veterans." plus $1 ,055 for each additional dependent.

He said an audit report by the VA's inspector general, cov- • Category C: Above $2 1 , 1 10 if single, and above $26,388 ering a period from 1983 to 1986, estimates that about if married, plus $1,055 for each additional dependent. 56,600 (28.3 percent) of the 200,000 CHAMPVA partici- Category C veterans are charged for the cost of care they pants were ineligible, and that the VA paid about $40.7 mil- receive or $540, whichever is less, for the first 90 days of care lion of their medical claims, plus about $2.2 million more in during any 365-day period. For each additional 90 days of administrative costs. The report also estimates that the VA care, they pay $270, which is half the Medicare deductible of will lose about $14.5 million in FY 1988 and another $15.2 $540. Category C veterans pay the full Medicare deductible million in FY 1989 for the cost of care provided to ineligible for each 90 days of nursing-home care. They also pay $25 for beneficiaries. A 1987 IG audit found that 18.7 percent of the each outpatient visit. verified beneficiaries on the VA's CHAMPVA eligibility list were still ineligible. "We believe that the inspector general's findings support the conclusion that the CHAMPVA program remains highly F.ederal contractors have been notified that they vulnerable to negligence and waste," the Legion spokesman are expected to comply with the federal government's testified. "Although some improvements in the program have affirmative-action program for veterans. They had until been made, there is still a long way to go, in the judgment of March 3 1 to submit a report showing the number of disabled The American Legion." and Vietnam veterans they hire. The Department of Labor mailed special Vets- 100 forms to all federal contractors that file the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission report. The new form makes it lore veterans are eligible for free va medi easier to enforce a 1974 law that requires holders of federal

~~cal care as a result of a cost-of-living adjustment to the contracts worth $ 1 0 .000 or more to take affirmative action in means-test income limits. hiring disabled and Vietnam-era veterans.~~

~~Effective Jan. 1, 1988, single veterans with non-service- "The form is necessary because there still is serious~~

connected disabilities may earn up to $21 ,1 1 1 without hav- unemployment among disabled and Vietnam-era veterans." ing to pay for treatment at VA medical facilities. Last year said Donald E. Shasteen, assistant secretary of labor for vet- they could not earn more than $20,260. For married veterans erans' employment and training. "At the same time, some with non-service-connected disabilities, the new income federal contractors are not living up to their affirmative-

threshold is $26,389 with one dependent and another $1 ,055 action obligations." for each additional dependent; previous limits were $25,325 Shasteen said that federal contractors also are required to and$],013. list all job vacancies with salaries up to $25,000 a year with The change does not affect veterans who have service- state employment services. "This information is available at connected disabilities and illnesses; former prisoners of war; the 2,200 local public employment offices throughout the veterans who were exposed to radiation and herbicides; and nation, so it should be no problem for federal contractors to veterans of the Spanish-American War, the Mexican border find an ample supply of qualified veterans for the jobs they period and World War L They all are entitled to free care have to fill." regardless of income. He said further action will be taken against contractors Under the congressionally instituted means test of 1986, that do not meet their legal obligations. "If conciliation which the Legion continues to oppose, veterans with non- attempts fail," Shasteen said, "firms not complying face service-connected ailments must submit to income tests that cancellation of their contracts with federal agencies or determine their eligibility for VA care. suspension of payments on contracts."

~~48 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE ......~~

~~OFFICIALLY APPROVED BY THE Join this term Life Insurance Pl^n TODAY. AMERICAN LEGION NATIONWIDE Get up to 14 Units. 15 % Benefit Bonus.~~

~~APPLY TODAY. Select the number of units BENEFITS-Yearly Renewable Term Insurance (Policy Form GPC-5700-781)~~

from the chart at right, fill out the enroll- Benefits determined by age at death and include 15% SPECIAL INCREASE for deaths ment card below and enclose your check or occurring during 1988. Maximum coverage limited to 14 units. money order for the premium indicated to Age at Death 14 Units 12 Units 10 Units 8 Units 6 Units 4 Units 2 Units 1 Unit Annual Premium $336 per yr. $288 per yr. $240 per yr $192 per yr $144 per yr $96 per yr $48 per yr $24 per yr provide coverage for the rest of the calendar year Up thru 29 $161,000 $138,000 $115,000 $92,000 $69,000 $46,000 $23,000 $11,500 30-34 128,800 110,400 92,000 73,600 55,200 36,800 18,400 9,200 CERTAIN STATES have requirements not 35-44 72,450 62,100 51,750 41,400 31,050 20,700 10,350 5,175 satisfied by the enrollment card below. If 45-54 35,420 30,360 25,300 20,240 15,180 10,120 5,060 2.530 you reside in one of those states, your enroll- 55-59 19.320 16,560 13,800 11,040 8,280 5,520 2,760 1,380 60-64 12,880 11,040 9,200 7,360 5,520 3,680 1,840 920 ment and check will be returned to you to 65-69 8,050 6,900 5,750 4,600 3,450 2,300 1,150 575 fulfill those requirements. If that is neces- 70-74* 5,313 4,554 3,795 3,036 2,277 1,518 759 379.50 sary, your enrollment will not be processed 75-Over* 4,025 3,450 2,875 2,300 1,725 1,150 575 287.50 until the additional form is returned to us. Prorated Premium $196 $168 $140 $112 $84 $56 $28 $14 PRORATED PREMIUM TO SEND WITH YOUR *No persons age 70 or over (including those desiring additional coverage) will be accepted for new insurance. ENROLLMENT. The premiums shown above 13, 11, 9, 7, 5 and 3 units also available. Please write for details. are for the balance of 1988 for approved coinciding with or next following the date to: enrollments effective June 1,1988. Premiums Make check payable The American Legion your enrollment is received, subject to In- Life Insurance Plan and mail to: for enrollments effective July 1 or later are surance Company's approval. Insurance may The American Legion Life Insurance Plan proportionately less, by $2 PER UNIT PER P.O. Box 5609 • Chicago, IL 60680 be maintained in force by payment of MONTH, and any overpayments will be refunded. Premiums accompanying non- premiums when due. Plan Insured by Provident Life & Accident Insurance Company. approved enrollments will be refunded in INCONTESTABILITY. Your coverage shaU be Enrollment Subject to Underwriter's Approval full. incontestable after it has been in force dur-

~~EFFECTIVE DATE. Your insurance becomes ing your lifetime for two years from its effec- effective on the first day of the month tive date.~~

~~ENROLLMENT CARD FOR YEARLY RENEWABLE TERM NOTICE OF DISCLOSURE OF LIFE INSURANCE FOR MEMBERS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION INFORMATION Information regarding your in-~~

Full Name . Birth Date surability will be treated as con- Day fidential except that Provident Permanent Residence Life & Accident Insurance Co. City Zip may make a brief report to the Medical Information Bureau Name of Beneficiary .Relationship (M.I.B.) a non-profit membership Example: Print "Helen Louise Jones." Not "Mrs. H. L. Jones" organization of life insurance

~~Membership Card No . _Year_ Post No.. . State. companies which operates an information exchange on behalf I apply for the number of units indicated:~~

| [ of its members. Upon request by The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of this enrollment. another member insurance com- Answer all questions. pany to which you have applied

~~1. Present occupation? Are you now actively working? for life or health insurance, or to~~

Yes No If no, give reason which a claim is submitted, the M.I.B. will supply such company 2. Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No Yes If yes, give date, with the information it may have length of stay and cause in its files. 3. During the last five years, have you heart disease, circulatory disease, kidney disease, liver disease, lung disease, had The Company may also release

~~diabetes, or cancer, or have you had or received treatment or medication for high blood pressure or alcoholism? information in its file to its rein-~~

~~No Yes If yes, give details surers and to other life insurance companies to which you may ap-~~

ply for life or health insurance, I represent that to the best of my knowledge, all statements and answers recorded on this enrollment card are true and complete. I agree to a claim is submitted. that this enrollment card shall be a part of any insurance granted upon it under the policy. I authorize any physician or other person who has or which attended or examined me, or who may attend or examine me, to disclose or to testify to any knowledge thus acquired. Upon receipt of a request from Signature of you, the M.I.B. will arrange dis-

Dated , 19 Applicant closure of any information it may The American Legion offers this insurance through Provident Life & Accident Insurance Company. have in your file. Medical infor- Western Home Office: Los Angeles, California mation will only be disclosed to ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND AUTHORIZATION 5588 your attending physician. If you

I I medical practi- have received and read the Notice of Disclosure of Information at right. Further, authorize any physician, question the accuracy of informa- tioner, hospital, clinic, or facility, Medical Information Bureau other medical or medically related insurance company, the tion in the Bureau's file you may or other organization, institution or person having any records or knowledge of me or of my health to give Provident Life seek correction in accordance & Accident Insurance Company any such information. with the procedures set forth in

~~A photographic copy of this authorization shall be as valid as the original. the Federal Fair Credit Reporting Act. The address of the Bureau's~~

information office is P.O. Box 105, Dated . 19_ Signature of Applicant Essex Station, Boston, Mass. 02112; I apply for additional Legion Life Insurance. My present certificate number is GMA-300-19 (Univ.) ED 1/88 Printed in U.S.A. Phone (617) 426-3660. "

~~'88~~

~~1 WASHINGTON COWFEKENCE~~

~~INF Treaty Does Not Lessen Soviet Threat Reagan Says~~

LTHOUGH the INF America again? There's nothing Treaty would remove hun- humanitarian about sending the dreds of Soviet missiles Contras up against Soviet attack from Europe, the threat to helicopters if they're armed only with America's NATO allies boots and bandages." has not vanished. Presi- The repression that exists in dent Reagan warned Nicaragua was poignantly dramatized 2,000 Legionnaires and during the National Commander's Auxiliary members at Luncheon, when Comer presented the the 28th annual Washington Conference. 1988 National Commander's Public "We must now address the imbalance Relations Award to La Prensa, an of conventional forces," Reagan said, opposition newspaper in Managua that referring to the military edge that War- often has incurred the wrath of the San- saw Pact nations have over NATO. dinistas. The award plaque was placed Reagan made his remarks on the eve of in an empty chair; no one from the his departure for the March NATO newspaper was on hand to accept the summit in Brussels. award for fear of retaliation at home. Reagan said that Soviet efforts to In a stirring presentation what derail NATO in recent years, especially brought Legionnaires to their feet. through well-organized said of La Prensa: "The brave peace move- REAGAN AT CONFERENCE: "IVeVe Comer ments protesting U.S. missile place- learned one lesson in negotiating with and lonely battle for freedom of the ments in Europe, backfired and forced the Soviets: Trust, but verify. press in Nicaragua has been an inspira- the Soviets to the bargaining table to tion to all lovers of freedom and democ- discuss arms reductions. "When those istrations how to negotiate with the racy throughout the world." efforts failed, they began to negotiate in Soviets. Closer to home, veterans will continue earnest" for the Intermediate-Range "All too often," Adelman said, their battle against the erosion of VA Nuclear Forces Treaty, he said. "political necessity dictates negotia- health-care benefits, said William F. The Legion supports ratification of tions instead of meeting America's Please mm to page 64 the INF Treaty because it eliminates security needs." One of those needs, he Soviet SS-20 missiles from Europe, said, is the Strategic Defense Initiative, and because it contains stringent on- better known as the "Star Wars" site-verification measures for both the defense. United States and the Soviet Union. In his remarks to Legionnaires, "It's clear that we must negotiate Reagan also made a pitch for SDI. "The with the Soviets only from a position of Strategic Defense Initiative threatens strength," Reagan said. "We've learned no one, and it could someday make one lesson in negotiating with the nuclear weapons obsolete," he said.

~~Soviets: Trust, but verify." "Technology is not holding back [SDI] — The INF Treaty, which the U.S. Congress is, by withholding funding."~~

Senate had not ratified as the magazine Reagan, who is a member of Pacific went to press, was one of the burning Palisades Post 283 in California, also concerns at the three-day conference. praised his fellow Legionnaires for At the Legislative Rally, Nat'l Cmdr. their support of democracy and U.S. John P. "Jake" Comer urged Legion- policy in Central America. But he naires to press their senators to pass the warned that the United States risks treaty. losing credibility with its allies if the A keynote speaker at a National Nicaraguan Contras don't receive both Security/Foreign Relations forum, arms and humanitarian aid in their Kenneth Adelman, former director of struggle against the Sandinistas. HONORED - Nat'l Cmdr. Comer pre- the U.S. Arms Control and Disarma- "If we leave them defenseless against sents CIA Director William Webster with ment Agency, said that a byproduct of the Sandinistas," Reagan said, "who the Distinguished Service Medal and the treaty is that it shows future admin- will ever trust the United States of plaque.

~~50 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE .~~

~~FOSTER-TRENT The Friendly Gift Store End the pain of crompecf feet! PROFESSIONAL SHOE STRETCHER~~

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LAYERED IN RICH 1 8KT GOLD 2 ATTACHMENTS Set With a Ruby -Red, 3 Carat, Faceted Stone Why torture yourself? Get blessed, overnight relief the professional way. Enjoy a custom fit that will IT'S OFFICIAL! Now, you can get an ARMY, NAVY, ring you can really wear with pride because you served have your aching feet dancing for joy! Gently stretches widens Genuine MARINE, AIR FORCE or COAST GUARD RING, no matter your country well. Available in sizes 7-14. and tight shoes. Crafted from HARD- WOODS with an E-Z METAL HANDLE. with 2 how long it has been since you served! Here's the ring Comes you always wanted — so rugged ... so manly and so WHEN ORDERING: SEND SIZE OR A SLIP OF PAPER NYLON SPOT RELIEVERS . . . relieves pressure on for itself trips finely detailed. Each one has deeply sculpted official CUT TO YOUR SIZE — SPECIFY ARMY, NAVY, bunions and corns. Pays ... no more Insignia and symbols for that particular branch of MARINE, AIR FORCE OR COAST GUARD. to shoemaker. Takes the "ouch" out of breaking in new shoes. Don't suffer another day! SPECIFY SIZE service. Electroplated in GENUINE 18 KT GOLD ... not ordinary plating but certified HEAVY GOLD Electroplate. No. 5623—Armed Services Ring $12.95 AND SEX WHEN ORDERING. Big> 3 CARAT Multi-faceted, Ruby-Red Stone. It's the Special: Two only $22.95 Men's Regular (70-11 A) Men's Large (10B-14D) Ladies' Regular (5B-8A) Ladies' Large (8B-11A) No. 3066—Professional Shoe Stretcher $5.85 SPECIAL: 2 for $9.99 Here's The Cap That Shows You Served With Pride!

ARMED SERVICES CAPS CRAFT PROJECTOR ENLARGES Prints, Plans, Photos, Stamps, Coins & Gems Onto: Wood, Wall, Screens, Paper or Fabric Each One Has a Brilliant, Full-Color Patch FREE! For Your Branch of Service BULB & ARMY CASE Each patch measures more than 3 inches across and bears the insignia for your branch of service in detailed needleworl<. It's the hat for all seasons — solid material in front and airy mesh in back

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pride, now wear it with pride! Specify Army, Navy, Marines or Air Force when ordering. AIR FORCE MARINES No. 5080—Armed Service Cap $6.99 ORDER WITH A BUDDY & SAVE EVEN MORE! Ideal For: WITH OFFICIAL COLORS & INSIGNIA Any Two Caps Only $12 — THREE ONLY $17 Woodworkers, Modelers, Art & Crafts Makes a real artist out of anyone! Place any object,

design or picture under the famous Craft Projector . . . Switch on ... it projects to wall, or any other object COLORFUL GIANT VETERANS SHOWCASE in front! Crisply projects even 3-Dimensional objects like sea shells, medallions, coins. Turn live insects into DISPLAYS & PROTECTS YOUR MEDALS a live science lesson for the kids! Really-indispensable for the craftsperson. Ideal for needlepointers, wood- PHOTOS, RIBBONS & AWARDS workers, etc. Choose enlargement you want with ad- Butterfly justable lens. Crafted materials and from Hi-Impact metal. On-Off Switch and special FREE BULB INCLUDED. Plugs into outlet. Easy to follow instructions and ideas for use also included. No. 450 —Episcope Projector $18.95 EXTRA BULBS FOR YOUR PROJECTOR ONLY $ 2.00

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~~QUAN. SIZE ITEM NO. DESCRIPTION PRICE~~

~~SHIPPING & HANDLING A SPLASH 1 95 OF COLOR FOR N.Y. Residents Must Add Sales Tax YARD OR GARDEN Total Enclosed~~

Exotic . . . life-like color for your trees, shrubs. Attaches to anything with ordinary wire twists. For FASTER U.P.S. Delivery Use Street Address & Apt. # Display your ribbons, medals and photos proudly for These brightly colored visitors will be in your all to see. Great for collectors tool Show off your Print Name yard all year-round. Realistically crafted from prized coins, stamps, and collectables. The thick frame is deeply bevelled and has a rich Oak-Tone Finish. weatherproof materials. Each natural beauty Address Apt. #. Plush VELOUR background. Comes with its own easel 8" measures across and has authentic markings. back for standing on shelf and table. Hanging rings A very special low price too! already attached to back for wall display. Makes an City impressive gift. Two sizes. No. 8135—Butterfly Ornament $2.99 No. 7131—Veterans Showcase (8"x10") $14.98 State Zip- THREE ONLY $7 SIX ONLY $13 No. 7132—Veterans Showcase (11"x14") $21.98 Allow up to 3-5 weeks for delivery I Legion news briefs

~~Cash Prizes Slated For Pests~~

~~That Help Disahleil Veters Te Polls~~

ZEGION posts that help disabled the program sought to accomplish and voters get to the polls this year its results. A cover page must be at- have the opportunity to cash in tached, including the name and number on their good works through a of the post, total membership as of new awards program. April 15, and the signature of the post The American Legion-National commander. Organization on Disability- J. C. Penney For additional information, contact Joint Awards Program will recognize Rod Kirk, Veterans Affairs and Reha- and make cash awards to posts whose bilitation Division, The American programs help disabled voters register Legion, 1608 K Street, N.W., Wash-

and cast their ballots. Awards are $ 1 ,000 ington, D.C. 20006; or phone (202) for first place, $750 for second, $500 861-2700. FIGHTING CHILD ABUSE-PWC Michael J. Kogutek for third, and $250 each for fourth and New York State trooper Jon Boyd participated in a public-service through six places. announcement on behalf of abused chil- "All Legion posts historically have dren. The 20-second spot announcement contributed in various ways to improve Auto Club Joins is co-sponsored by the American Legion the quality of life for disabled Amer- Child Welfare Foundation and the New icans," said William F. Lenker, chair- York State Police. man of the Legion's Veterans Affairs Legion Benefit Pian and Rehabilitation Commission. "This particular competition specifically United States Auto Club rewards efforts to solve problems en- rHEMotoring Division Inc. is the Donations Pour In countered by the disabled in exercising latest member of the Ameri- their right to vote." can Legion's Family Benefit The program, which received the Plan. USAC/MD is offering Legion- Fop America's Kids National Executive Committee's naires 32 percent off its regular mem- approval at the 1987 Fall Meetings, is bership cost. Whether you're driving to "W-W^^-ITH the "Foundation administered by the National Organiza- work or touring cross-country, USAC/ BT / With a Future" fund-rais- tion on Disability. NOD annually re- MD motor-club benefits provide econ- W^m/ ing campaign less than two ceives grants from J.C. Penney Co. to omy, security and safety in travel. r r months old, members conduct awards competitions. Spouses are included at no additional of the Legion family and its friends have

"The Legion was one of 1 1 organiza- charge. Enroll today by calling 1-800- donated more than $282,000 to the tions selected to participate in this 348-5048. Child Welfare Foundation. The cam- year's program," Lenker said. paign goal is $1 million in 1988 to Posts participating in the competi- ensure a CWF legacy of helping tion will be judged on the following America's children for generations to criteria: Taps" Available come. • Official action, such as a resolu- Since the CWF was established in Posts needing a cassette recording of tion, that reflects the post's awareness 1954, it has awarded grants totaling "Taps" for sounding military funerals or of the need to help disabled voters. more than $2 million to non-profit patriotic services may receive one by • Service or services performed. organizations and agencies dedicated No writing to George Gregory, 2985 Night- more than five documents recording ingale, Auburn Heights, MI 48057. to the health and welfare of children such services (newspaper clippings, The recording features the "Taps" and youths. The campaign on behalf of awards, etc.) must accompany the sounded at the funeral of President John the nation's children has been the goal entry. F. Kennedy, complete with the firing of of Nat'l Cmdr. John P. "Jake" Comer • Other programs that demonstrate the rifle squad. Another recording of from the moment he took over as the available is the post's work with the disabled. "Taps" from Gregory the Legion's chief officer. traditional Army "Taps." All entries must be submitted by Contributions should be mailed to Copies of the recording are free, but Nov. 30, 1988. Entries should be typed the American Legion Child Welfare donations are appreciated to defray the and single-spaced. Foundation Inc., P.O. Box 538, Indian- cost of materials, recording and mailing. They should explain in detail what apolis, IN 46206-0538.

~~52 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE PROTECT AND SAVE CWF: THANKS A MILLION!~~

~~Donors who have contributed $50 or more to the American Legion Child Welfare Foundation (from Feb. 6 through Feb. 26, 1988):~~

Amy DeVarney Florida Geraldine A. Sherman New Jersey Mr. and Mrs. Daniel S. Arthur J. DeVarney Jr. Massachusetts Dorothy J. Boam Wyoming Wheeler Virginia Twin City Trucking Co. Massachusetts Teters Floral Products Missouri Mr. and Mrs. James Hunter Kansas Thomas L. McReynolds Virginia Venture Stores Missouri Mr. and Mrs. Chuck Yunker Kansas Mr. and Mrs. A.J. Williams California Milton A. Pilcher Virginia Mr. and Mrs. Dale L. Kerr Kansas Lawrence Beckman Nebraska John and Joy Budihas Oregon Mr. and Mrs. Ron Birk Kansas Erik Foged Nebraska Charles E. Grout Massachusetts Chris, Cassie and Cara Haas Kansas John Carpenter Ohio Mrs. Vernon Osking Minnesota Harold E. Thompson Jr. Nebraska Arthur Erickson Massachusetts Raymond and Eveline W.Thompson Nebraska Kenneth Skorheim Washington Leona Rapacz Minnesota Mr and Mrs. Cork Holley Minnesota Charles Diehl Pennsylvania Edward H. Pedersen Minnesota Bill and Winifred Baskins Arkansas Vernon Lickfieid Missouri Margaret K. Collopy Minnesota Mr. and Mrs. C.A. Houk Kansas Ed and Marilyn Jedrey Florida Kenneth Hanson Minnesota Clarence Rycotike Wisconsin Warren Woodworth California Michael and Bridget Kokoszka Illinois Harold M. Wild West Germany William C. Dunlap Thailand George and Blanche Boucek Illinois George Kaffenberg California GaryCripe Ohio ErikThorson Idaho EmmettBurley Virginia Charlie and Rae Shaw Illinois R.S. Allen Wyoming Bernard Schwarz Illinois Charles and Bruce L. Kautz, M.D. Wyoming Maurice and loneSpengler Arizona/Iowa David E. Nauman Wyoming Jeannie Hueber New Hampshire Dennis E. Navretil Nebraska Francis J. Collopy Jr. Minnesota Joan Sceizi Alaska Automatic Motion-Sensitive Harmond C. Lloyd M. Ricker Minnesota Mathias Oien Alaska Littlefield New Hampshire Daniel A. Ludwig Minnesota PaulB. PhiferJr. Virginia SECURITY LIGHTS Joe Micono New Mexico Donald R. Schroedl Minnesota Outdoor Convenience! Now when you enter your driveway, or walk the yard at night. ..an adjustable sensor detects Department donations to the Child Welfare Foundation (as of Feb. 26, movement of people or objects and turns 1988): floodlights on automatically! Take advantage of the LOW liquidation price. Alabama $ 1,991 Idaho $ 3,031 Missouri $ 7,254 Philippines $ 35 Alaska $ 1.067 Illinois $ 7,818 Montana $ 1,005 Puerto Rico $ 316 Order today! Arizona Indiana Rhode Island $ 317 $ 1,051 $ 3,374 Nebraska $ 6,400 • Passive Controlled Infrared Sensor Arkansas $ 1,265 Iowa $ 1,335 Nevada $ 292 S. Carolina $ 605 Detects Movement of Persons or Objects California $14,382 Italy New Hampshire $10,548 S. Dakota $ 454 Canada $ 170 Kansas $ 4,812 New Jersey $ 3,434 Tennessee $ 671 Near Home or Business. Helps Ward Off Colorado $ 2,348 Kentucky $ 1,936 New Mexico $ 1,080 Texas $ 2,440 Intruders. Utah 260 Connecticut $ 1,182 Louisiana $ 2,970 New York $11,509 $ • Solid State Circuit Activates Outdoor Costa Rica Maine $ 3,145 N. Carolina $ 1,710 Vermont $ 1,611 Floodlights to Turn on Automatically. Delaware $ 413 Maryland $ 4,008 N. Dakota $ 472 Virginia $ 2,185 Dist. of Col. $ 412 Massachusetts $24,075 Ohio $ 6,221 Washington $ 3,402 • Lights Can be Adjusted to Stay on from Florida $10,373 Mexico $ 90 Oklahoma $ 602 West Virginia $ 1,574 10 Sec. to 15 Min. with Auto Shutoff. France Wisconsin 5,163 $ 125 Michigan $ 6,483 Oregon $ 961 $ • Adjustable Aiming Capability. Day/ Night Georgia $ 1,747 Minnesota $11,153 Panama $ 20 Wyoming $ 2,462 Sensor Assures Only Night Operation. Hawaii $ 75 Mississippi $ 1,439 Pennsylvania $ 3,807 • Minimum Range: 40'L x 60'W. Handles Two, 150W Floodlights (not included). • Uses Existing Wiring. U.L Listed. Size: Posts that have donated $100 or more to the Child Welfare Foundation (as 8V2"H X 11"Wx 10"D. of Feb. 26, 1988): One -Year Ltd. Vendor Warranty.

Post Cammander Dept. Amt. Post Cammander Dept. Amt. 340 Albert C.Vanderhoff Florida $ 300 422 Michael Kokoszka Illinois $ 500 185 Bob Washer Indiana $ 150 6 Edward Lilly Wyoming $ 550 89 HerbWoodard Indiana $ 100 620 Edward Farrell New York $ 100 32 Erwin D.Turner Idaho $ 100 363 Neil Hardy Kansas $ 100 Liquidation 23 Lester Perham New Hampshire $2,000 409 Anthony Theodore Michigan $ 500 Priced At *49 28 Robert E.Stephenson Alaska $ 300 377 Louie Bokusky Minnesota $ too Item H-3527-7127-897 S/H: $5.00 ea. 162 DemmB. HealySr. New Jersey $ 500 357 Wayne Sterlien Minnesota $ 500 283 Thomas M.Quinn California $ 250 59 Rohn D. Halvorson Minnesota $1,000 328 DonMcArdle New Jersey $ 500 523 Betty J. Heppensen Minnesota $ 500 Credit card customers can order by 300 Herbert D. Engelhard Illinois 300 251 Ralph Anderson Minnesota $1,000 $ plione, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. 296 Eugene E.Mitch Indiana $ 296 435 DanMulroy Minnesota $2,500 45 George P Kellum New Mexico $ 300 440 RusselCordahl Minnesota $ 100 Toil-Free: 1-800-328-0609 259 DeanSybrant California $ 200 504 Arthur H. Poepping Jr. Minnesota $ 100 783 Wade Saunders California $ 133 81 EdHobson Kentucky $ 300 6 Stephen W.Merrill Massachusetts $ 571 152 Edward Pratt Massachusetts $ 100 SEND TO: 345 Everett Evans Massachusetts $ 150 779 JoseR.Cantu California $1,000 156 William L.Walsh Massachusetts $1,000 91 LeRoyZabokrtsky Kansas $ 300 Authorized Liquidator 203 John H. Keys Kentucky $ 100 370 Edward Fleming Kansas $ 200 1405 Xenium Lane N/Minneapolis, MN 55441-4494 I 1 Rocco Leo Alabama $ 100 76 Damon Christensen Kansas $ 100 (Send Security Liglit(s) Item H-3527-7127-897 at $49 28 Emmanuel Lopez Sr. Maryland $1 ,000 5 Richard Long Kansas $ 100 each, plus $5.00 each for insured shipping, handling. 34 Robert Dively Maryland 100 139 Al Pinkham Florida $ 140 $ ((Minnesota residents add 6% sales tax. Sorry, no C.O.D. 299 PerryTseko California $ 200 140 Russell Hall Florida $ 100 orders.) 31 Charles Pigg Arkansas $ 350 484 Frederick Ott Ohio $ 150 My check or money order is enclosed. (No delays in I 58 AllynB. Cox Arkansas $ 100 384 Ronald Lendecker Ohio $ 200 ' processing orders paid check by ) 64 Earl Hague Arkansas $ 150 227 Claire Happener Florida $ 400 PLEASE 153 Eugenio Barbosa Puerto Rico $ 100 111 Eugene E. Elmer Missouri $ 150 CHECK 303 Joseph E. Pineau Massachusetts $ 100 10 Marvin Fluis Kansas $ 100 48 Derald D.Robertson Washington $ 140 .^xp.. 331 Lloyd J. Bennett Indiana $ 210 21 JohnA. Descoteaux Maine $ 100 PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY 427 RobertA. Russell Wisconsin $ 100 335 NeilRToeppe Ohio $ too CWF SCOREBOARD 10 Richard J. Landano New Hampshire $ 100 11 Samuel Zachos New Hampshire $1,100 _Apl #_ 240 David C.Brocksmith Florida $ 200 The total amount donated to 78 JohnT Griffin Massachusetts $ 100 City- .State 438 Charles J. BrynakJr. Ohio $ 100 the Child Welfare Foundation 53 Charles A. Hultman Wisconsin $ 100 (as of Feb. 26, 1988): 319 Jerry Burnett Michigan $ 100 165 William C.Willis Ohio $ 400 $282,721.26 Sign Here 643 Terence V Dailey Minnesota $ 100 3 PatHendrickson Georgia $ 500

~~MAY 1988 53 Veterans alert~~

ville, NC) Ray Haley, 2 Haley Ln., Canton, NC 28716 Ellsworth, 8260 Moreland Rd., Jerome, Ml 49249 (517) (704) 648-0744 688-9249 OUTFIT REUNIONS 31st Inf. Dixie Div. (May-Birmingham, AL) John Hooper, 104th Inf. Div. (WWII) (Aug-Tysons Corner, VA) Robert Box 3711, Montgomery AL 36193 (205) 271 -7487 Nolan. 2036 Hopewood Dr., Falls Church, VA 22043 Guidelines — Outfit Reunion notices are published for 32nd Div. Vets (Sept-LaCrosse, Wl) William Amunson, (703) 241-0807 Legionnaires only and must be submitted on official 1828 Charles St., LaCrosse, Wl 54603 (608) 781 -0313 106th Inf. Div. (Sept-Roanoke, VA) Ralph Bowles, 3637 forms. To obtain forms, send a self-addressed, stamped 33rd Arm'd Engr. Bn., 7th Arm'd Div., A Co. (Sept- Grandview Ave. N.W., Roanoke, VA 24012 (703) 362- envelope to: O.R. Form, The American Legion Magazine. Bourg, LA) Morris Callahan, Rt. 1, Box 496, Hwy. 24, 5081 RO. Box 1055, Indianapolis. IN 46206. Notices must be Bourg, LA 70343 (504) 549-3645 106th Inf., 27th Div., HQ Co. (Aug-Fremont, NE) Carl received at least seven months before reunions are 34th General Hospital (Korea) (Aug-East Dubuque, IL) Eman, Box 535, Oxford, NE 68967 (308) 824-3156 scheduled and will be published only on a first-come, Robert Wagner, 215 Valley Dr., LaPorte City lA 50651 106th Rgt., 27th Div. K Co. (Aug-Tiptonville,TN) Charles first-served basis. (319) 342-2429 Stewart, Box 130, Covington, TN 38019 (901 ) 476-0521 34th Inf. Div. (Red Bull) (Sept-Pittsburgh) James Huyck. 109th Evac. Hospital (WWII) (Sept-Colorado Springs, 7700 N.W. Beaver Dr., Camp Dodge, Johnston, lA 50131 CO) Blanche Scherbarth, 3162 N. 44th St., Milwaukee, (515) 278-9248 Wl 53216 (414) 444-2646 Army 34th Inf., 24th Div. L (Sept-Nashville. TN) James 109th Inf. Rgt. (Oct-Tumwater, WA) Harry Kemp, 1318 Luciano, 597 S. End Ave., Toms River. NJ 08753 (201) Skyline Terr. N.W., Oiympia, WA 98502 (206)352-7172

929-3644 112th Cav. Assn. (Sept-Dallas) Claude Rigsby, Rt 1, Box 1st C.A.C. (Ft. Sherman, Panama, 1934-41) (Sept- 40th Combat Engr. Assn. (Sept-LaCrosse, Wl) George 1341, Chandler, TX 75758 Lexington, KY) DM. Cooper, Box 142, Glen Dale, WV Weiler Jr., 1753 Tamarack St., South Milwaukee, Wl 112th Sta. Hosp., 263rd Gen. Hosp. (Sept-Louisville.

26038 (304) 845-0880 764-4697 Keith Straight, 1 521 29th St. LaCrosse. Wl 54601 53172 (414) KY) S. , 1st Medical Rgt. (Aug-ti/lankato, MN) Raymond Kienitz, 45th General Hospital (1943-45) (June-Akron, OH) (608) 788-0461 Rt. 1, Box 8K, Arlington, MN 55307 (612) 964-2313 Frank Zahemski, 244 Maryland Ave., Paterson, NJ 121st FA Band/Amer. Div. Band/32nd Div. Tank Co.,

1 st MP Co. (1948-51 ) (Aug-Colorado Springs, CO) James 07503(201)278-4543 A,HQ/192ndTk. Bn/107th QM, B Co/1 50th QM, A Co. Paul, 152 Harvard St., Colorado Springs, CO 80911 46th Engr. Bn. (Sept-Ft. Worth, TX) Marvin Hoot, 14929 E. (Red Arrow Club) (Oct-Janesville. Wl) E.J. Sartell, (303)392-1309 98th St. No., Owasso, OK 74055 (918) 272-8803 1716 Sousa Ct., Janesville, Wl 53545 (608) 752-6731 2nd Bn., 3rd Inf., 199th Inf. Bde., Co. A (July-St Louis) 46th Signal Hv Const. Bn. (WWII) (Aug-Lynchburg, VA) 121st Station Hospital (Sept-Cleveland) Charles Wilk, Larry McCann, 210 S. Garfield, Ransom, IL 60470 (815) Leonard Wise, 4505 Hargrove Rd., Temple Hills, MD 5141 W. 5th St., Brooklyn Hts., OH 44131 (216) 741-1888 586-4694 20748 (301 ) 423-4221 124th AAA Gun Bn. (WWII) (Oct-Riverside. CA) Bowen 3rd Ord. (WWII) (Sept-Vero Beach, FL) Francis Cannon. 50th Combat Engrs., Co. D (Attu Invasion) (Aug- Smith, 103 Emerson St., Palo Alto. CA 94301 (415) 327- Box 650214. Vero Beach, FL 32965 (305) 569-2771 Arkansas City KS) Johnnie Weber, 1207 N 8th, Arkan- 8286 4th Cav. Assn. (Sept-St. Paul. I^^N) t^ike Loberg, Box 416, sas City KS 67005 (316) 442-1563 124th Inf. Rgt., FL Nat'l Guard (WWII) (May-St. Annandale, MN 55302 (612) 274-5422 50th Engr. Combat Bn., C Co. (Aug-Prairie du Chien, Wl) Augustine, FL) Robert Hawk, State Arsenal, Box 1105. 4th Inf. (Ivy) Div. Assn. (Nat'l) (July-Las Vegas, NV) James White, 104 E. Walnut St.. Anamosa, lA 52205 St. Augustine, FL 32084 (904) 824-8461 Richard Sover, 5042 N. OlympiaAve., Chicago, IL 60656 (319)462-2219 124th Inf., 31st Div., B Co. (Oct-Winter Haven, FL) Alfred (312) 775-2262 50th Engrs. A Co. (July-Rapid City, SD) Willard McMillin, Cerniglia, 501 Hiawatha Ave., Inverness. FL32652(904) 4th Major Port (Sept-Colorado Springs, CO) Herbert Rt. 10, Box 540, Prairie Acres Est. #28, Rapid City SD 637-1075

Cochrun, 225 E, Dominion Blvd . Columbus, OH 43214 57701 (605) 342-6410 126th, 173rd RA. Bns. (Oct-Wausaw, Wl) Edward Kloth, (614) 267-2368 50th Gen. Hospital (WWII) (Aug-Burlington, NC) Jim Box 188, Medford, Wl 54451 (715) 748-4843 5th Arm'd Div. Assn. (WWII) (Oct-San Francisco) W A Mundy Box 642. Graham, NC 27253 (919) 226-5220 128th Inf., 32nd Div., Serv. Co. (Sept-Neilsville, Wl)

Hamberg. 865 Windsor Dr , Menio Park, CA 94025 (415) 51st Pioneer Inf. (WWI) (Sept-Kingston. NY) Joseph Delbert Struble, Box 223, Neilsville, Wl 54456 (715) 743- 323-0593 Forsberg, 1250 N.E Olive St., Jensen Beach, FL 34957 3305 5th Evac. Hospital (1950-52) (June-Fayetteville, NC) (305) 334-4332 129th AAA Gun Bn., B Btry. (Sept-Minneapolis, MN)

Gordon Forsyth, Box 347, Rockmart, GA 30153 (404) 52nd Engrs. (July-Wapakoneta, OH) Donald Gross, Rt. 1. Charles Beasley, Coleman Manor, #12, Coleman, Wl 684-6113 Box 76. Wapakoneta, OH 45895 (419) 568-5417 54112(414)897-4366 6th Int. Div. (Aug-Peoria, IL) Bill Former, Rt 1, Box 191, 52nd Signal Bn. (Oct-Mt. Airy PA) William Rommelman, 130th (4th Inf), 33rd/44th Divs. (Sept-Decatur, IL) Sparta, IL 62286 (618) 826-2123 58 Kendall Blvd.. Oakly NJ 08107 (609) 854-7327 Robert Neely 3225 W. Main St.. Decatur, IL 62522 (217) 6th US Inf. Rgt. (July-Jefferson Barracks, MO) Paul 53rd Ord. Ammo. Co. (Sept-Glendale. CA) Frank Salata, 428-8401

Smiljanich, 4069 Green Park Rd , St. Louis. MO 63125 1701 N. Herbert St., Streator, IL 61364 (815) 673-2568 131 St QM Truck Co. (Oct-York, PA) Lloyd Leffler, Rt. 2, Box (314) 544-3395 54th Signal Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Covina. CA) R.J 274, York, PA 17403 (717) 428-1215 7th Arm'd Div. (Sept-Charleston, SC) Glenn Fackler, Hardwick, 17350 Temple, #39. LaPuente. CA 91744 134th Inf., B Co. (WWII) (July-Falls City NE) LeRoy 23218 Springbrook Dr., Farmington, Ml 48024 (818)964-6710 Vanwey, 1010 Spruce, Leavenworth, KS 66048 (913) 7th Conv. Hospital (Sept-St, Louis) W E. English. 922 S. 55th Arm'd Inf. Bn., 11th Arm'd Div., B Co. (Sept- 682-1185 Meramec, St. Louis. MO 63105 (314) 727-7055 Atchison. KS) LeRoy Ellis. Rt 2, Rushville, MO 64484 135th, 136th Rgts., 47th Div. (1953-55) (Oct-Newport, 8th Arm'd Div. Assn. (July-San Antonio, TX) Henry (816) 579-5769 TN) Robert Crowe, Box 394, Ball Ground, GA 30107

Rothenberg, 180 N LaSalle St., Rm. 1215. Chicago, IL 58th Engr. Treadway Bridge Co. ( Aug-Alford, VA) Morris (404) 735-2893 60601 (312) 236-2305 Kisselbaugh, 6590 Highland Lick Rd., Lewisburg, KY 137th Rgt., 35th Div., H Co. (July-Ottawa, KS) Harold

8th F.A., 25th Div. (Korea) (Aug-Colorado Springs. CO) 42256 (502) 726-9387 Brohammer, Rt. 1, Baldwin, KS 66006 (913) 594-6568 Allen Smith, 3338 Dupont No., Minneapolis. MN 55412 58th Ord. Ammo Co. (Sept-Belleville, IL) Robert Sinkula, 141st Inf. Rgt. (Aug-San Antonio. TX) Ernest Merton, 207 St Schuyler, 352-2349 333-4798 (612)529-4567 922 D , NE 68661 (402) Nash Blvd., San Antonio, TX 78223 (512) 9th F.A. Bn. (Sepl-Tacoma. WA) John Fugich, 2112 S. 90th 59th Arm'd Inf. Bn., 13th Div., A Co. (Oct-South Bend, 142nd General Hospital (WWII) (Sept-Phoenix, AZ) St. #126, Tacoma, WA 98444 (206) 534-6728 IN) Clarence Crozier, 715 Kenwood Rd., Champaign, IL Richard Ritchie, 1222 Jefferson, Alexandria, MN 56308 11th Arm'd Cavalry (Vietnam/Cambodia) (July- 61821 (217) 356-8411 (612)762-5329 Louisville, KY) Terry Stivers, 3509 Chapel Ln., New 60th Chemical Dpt. Co., 1st Army (Oct-St Croix Falls, 148th Inf. Rgt., 37th Div., HQ & K Cos. (Sept-St Marys, Albany. IN 47150 (812) 945-2819 Wl) Alvin Scheurenbrand, 8301 Stanley Rd.. #221, OH) Don Elking, 600 Butler St., Coldwater, OH 45828 12th F.O.B. (July-West Liberty lA) Lester Kamp Sr. 10967 Bloomington, MN 55437 (612) 831 -0119 (419)678-8171 375-7641 Wildrose Ct , Boise, ID 83704 (208) 60th Signal Rad. Intl. /SO Sig. Svc. Co. (ASA) (Aug- 148th Ord. MVA Co. (WWII) (Oct-Cedar Rapids, lA) 16th Arm'd Div. (Sept-Nashville, TN) Leiand Bradley Steamboat Springs, CO) Donald Woods. NE263Tahuya Jerome Paulson, 2903 E. Willis Ave., Perry lA 50220 Gen Del., Lancaster, TN 38563 (615) 683-8387 River Dr. Tahuya. WA 98588 (206) 275-5304 (515) 465-5462

16th Cav. Recon. Sq. (MECZ) (Sept-King of Prussia, PA) 68th AAA Gun Bn. (Aug-Elmwood. Wl) Leslie Lang, Rt 1, 148th Station Hospital (WWII) (Oct-Louisville, KY) Frank Kozlowsky 252 Bernard Dr, King of Prussia, PA Box 173. Elmwood, Wl 54740 (715) 639-6288 Edward Dillon, 53 Spring Ln., W. Hartford, CT 06107 19406(215)265-1161 78th Ord. Depot (June-Cincinnati) Stanley Strand, Rt. 2, (203) 521-1041 17th Inf. (June-Ft Ord. CA) J. F Wittier, 514Tamarack Dr., Box 66B, Erskine, MN 56535 (218) 687-4095 149th Combat Engrs. (Sept-Kansas City, MO) Pablo Union City CA 94587 80th Gen. Hospital (WWII) (Oct-Sanford. NC) George Tinoco, 627 Van Brunt Blvd., Kansas City MO 64124 17th Signal Oper. Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Boston) E F Allred, Box 235, Bonlee. NC 27213 (919) 837-5883 (816) 241-1413

Hofmeister. 710 Crown Ave., Scranton, PA 18505 (717) 81 St Inf. Div. (Wildcat) (Oct-New Orleans) Warren Montz, 149th Inf., 38th Div., I Co. (July-Marion, KY) Z.L. Curnel, 652-6331 Milner Hartselle, AL 35640 773-9538 346-9255 805 Main St. , LaPlace, LA 70068 (504) 104 N. St., (205) 18th & 1st FA Bn. (WWII & Prior) (Sept-Ft Sill, OK) 81st Inf. Div. & Band (Oct-Youngstown, OH) William 155th Inf., 31 St Div., E Co. (July-Cleveland, MS) George

Sherlie Wyrick, 1805 Arlington, Lawton, OK 73501 (405) Pierce, Box 127, Marysville, WA 98270 (206) 653-9243 Kelly Box 369, Cleveland, MS 38732 (601 ) 843-8393 355-0108 84lh Inf. Div. (Aug-Milwaukee, Wl) Len Levy, 1154 Auburn 157th Inf. Rgt., 158th Bn., 45th Div. (WWII) (Sept- IL -8397 Ave., Denver, 21st AVN Engrs. (Sept-Carlisle, PA) Calvin Eckert, 305 Ln , Buffalo Grove, 60089 (312) 541 Denver) Felix Sparks, 7900 W. 23rd CO Meadow TrI., Dillsburg, PA 17019 (717) 766-6511 89th Div. Society (WWII) (Sept-Colorado Springs, CO) 80215(303)233-2369 24th Inf. Div, 51h RCT (Sept-Savannah, GA) Robert Larry Berg, 818 San Antonio PI., Colorado Springs, CO 160th Inf., 40th Div., D Co. (July-San Francisco) Victor Johnson, 24 Whipple St., Somerville. MA 02144 (617) 80906(719)576-4968 Peter, 4907 Hollypark Dr., Pasadena, TX 77505 (713) 666-0269 91 St General Hospital (June-Springfield, IL) Edna Peek. 487-2106 25th Inf. Div. (Aug-Colorado Springs. CO) Ray Anthony, 1138 15th SI. No., DeWitt, lA 52742 (319) 659-9488 163rd AAA Bn., B Btry. (Sept-Philadelphia) Simon Box 38472, Colorado Springs, CO 80937 (719) 473- 93rd AAA Gun B., D Btry. (WWII) (Ocl-San Antonio, TX) Sacks. 1219 W. Wynwood Rd., Wynnewood, PA 19096 3207 James Wischkaemper, 410 Teakwood, Victoria, TX (215) 642-4055 25fh Inf. Div. (So. Atlantic States Chapter) (Sept- 77901 (512)573-3055 164th Inf., F Co. (WWII/Korea) (July-Carrington, ND) Washington) Robert Muzzy. 809 Forston Dr., Takoma 95th Med. Gas Treat. Bn. (Aug-lndianapolis) Walter John Paulson, 80 2nd Ave. No., Carrington, ND 58421

Park, MD 20912 (301 ) 434-0192 Gantz, 829 Palm St., Scranton, PA 18505 (717) 347- (701)652-3305 27th Combat Engrs. (WWII) (Sept-Levittown, PA) 9354 165th Inf., H Co. (Aug-Lafayette, IN) Gilbert Record, Rt. 4, William Simon, 4501 New Falls Rd.. Levittown, PA 19056 96th QM Bakery Co. (July-Willmar, MN) Carroll Jacob- Box 590, Frankfort, IN 46041 (317) 654-6295 (215)547-2311 son, 1101 GraceAve.,Willmar,MN 56201 (612) 235-0839 169th General Hospital (July-Denver) E.C. Fluery 78 30th Medical Depot Co. (Oct-Cleveland) Louis Gon- 102nd Medical Bn., 27th Inf. Div. (WWII) (Sept-Akron, Hawthorne Rd., E. Norwich, NY 11732 zalez, 5501 Hauserman Rd., Parma, OH 44130 (216) OH) Vernon Thiele, 7355 McLellan Dr., Walton Hills, OH 172nd Inf. Rgt., 43rd Div., F Co. (Aug-Guntersville, AL) 885-4792 44146(216)232-3198 Leonard Hall, 10 Circle G, Orange, TX 77630 (409) 883- 30th Signal Co., 30th Inf. Div. (WWII) (June-Henderson- 103rd Div. (WWII) (Sept-Springfield, MO) Rev. Harvey 8291

~~54 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Veterans alert~~

172nd Inf. Rgt., 43rd Div., E Co. (Sept-Hummelstown, Cooper, 3193 Lantz Rd., Beaver Creek, OH 45432 (513) Ken Chestnut, 226 Sycamore St., Somerset, KY 42501 PA) Elmer Nisley, 13 W. Main St., Hummelstown, PA 426-4408 (606) 678-4545 17036(717) 566-2023 382nd AAA AW Bn. (Sept-Fond du Lac, Wl) Robert Bump, 627th T.D. Bn. (May-Buffalo, NY) George Lucas, 151 Zittel 180th Inf. Rgt., 45th Div. (May-McAlester, OK) Raul Rt. 3, Box 92A, Fontana, Wl 53125 (414) 275-5451 St., Buffalo, NY 14210 (716) 825-4941 Trevino, 7791 Woodchase Dr., #1215, San Antonio, TX 389th F.A. Bn., 97th Div. (All Btrys.) (Sept-Ft. George 638th Tank Destroyer Bn. (July-Anderson, IN) Robert 78240 Meade, MD) Joe Newbauer, Rt. 3, Box 3668F Grayling, Palmer. 1923 Beverly Ct., Anderson, IN 46011 (317) 643- 187th Airbourne RCT (Rakkasans) (Sept-Norfolk, VA) Ml 49738 (517) 939-8938 6457 Donald Parks, Box 1406, Carefree, AZ 85377 (602) 870- 407th Combat Engr. Bn. (Sept-York, NE) Bob Pence, Rt. 643rd Tank Destroyer Bn. (Oct-Seekonk, MA) Walter 1213 2, Box 64, York, NE 68467 (402) 362-2571 Reynolds, 98 John St., Providence, Rl 02906 (401) 861- 191st Signal Repair Co. (Aug-Canton, OH) Gene 418th Engr. (DT) Co. (WWII) (Aug-Madison, IN) Edward 5086 Barthel, 2434 Bevington IM.W., Canton, OH 44709 (216) Brewer, 1911 Central Ave., Bedford, IN 47421 (812) 275- 648th T.D. Bn. (Sept-Lake George, NY) John Sonntag, 3 492-4950 5766 Kettle Rd., Norwalk, CT 06850 (203) 847-0825 191st Tank Bn. (Oct-Columbus, GA) Merl Stevens, 120 S. 435th AAA, 473rd Inf. Assn. (Sept-Monroeville, PA) Al 681st A/B F.A., 17th A/B Div. (Sept-Wheeling, WV) Wall St., Van Wert, OH 45891 (419) 238-5310 Romito, 524 1/2 Third St., Charleroi, PA 15022 (412) 483- Walter Byrd, 4 Kentucky St., Wheeling, WV 26003 (304) 193rd FA Bn. (1st Bn., 108th FA Bn., 28th Div.) (Sept- 2260 232-8889 Busfikill, PA) Paul Hunsinger, 74 Glencoe Rd., Colum- 437th M.P.E.G. Co. (Aug-Chicago) NickTagliavia, 4207 N. 696th Hv Engr. Bn. Dist. Co. (Aug-Cedar Rapids, lA) bus, OH 43214 (614) 268-3897 Overhill, Norridge, IL 60634 (312) 456-3275 William Trethewey, 5405 Cumberland Rd., Minneapolis, 195th Ord. Dpt. Co. (Sept-Charles Town, WV) Cfiarles 453rd AAA AW Bn. (Sept-Toledo, OH) James Dalton, Rt. MN 55410 (612) 926-0531 Fritts, 8107 Mace Ct., Manassas, VA 22111 (703) 361- 9, Box 165, Morgantown, WV 26505 (304) 291 -0521 707th Tank Bn. (All Cos.) (Sept-Louisville, KY) John 4404 455th AAA AW Bn. (Sept-Nashville, TN) Richard Hollister, Bickers, Box 481, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 (904) 932-2931 203rd CA AA (Sept-Carttiage, MO) Hugti Ware, 1269 E. 3844 Faxon Ave., Memphis, TN 38122 712th Tank Bn. (Sept-Louisville, KY) Ray Griffin, Box 22, Guinevere, Springfield, MO 65804 (417) 887-1249 457th Amph. Truck Co. (Sept-Baltimore) John Reed, Aurora, NE 68818 (402) 694-2890 204th CA AA Rgt. Assn. (WWII) (Oct-Shreveport, LA) 1825 Oldfield Point Rd., Elkton, MD 21921 (301) 398- 721st Engr. Dpt. Co. (Sept-Corning, NY) John Hannson, R.W. Norwood, 2038 Bermuda, Shreveport, LA 71105 2764 7 Indian Pike, Painted Post, NY 14870 (716) 974-7604 (318) 865-7620 462nd AW AAA Bn. (Aug-Chicago) Robert Bennett, 530 722nd Railway Oper. Bn. (Sept-Indianapolis) Robert 212th CA AAA, 12th Inf NYNG (May-New York City) E. 20th St., New York, NY 10009 (212) 677-4312 Seeley 527 Gaines St., Elmira. NY 14984 (607) 734- Edward Murray, 49-30 166th St., Flushing, NY 11365 463rd Ord. Evac. Co. (Sept-St. Paul, NE) Harold Wieser, 7782 (718) 353-2356 223 9th St., St. Paul, NE 68873 (308) 754-4760 72Sth/791st MP Bns. (WWII) (Oct-Columbia, SC) Dwight 214th MP Co. (Aug-Ellenville, NY) Ellis Hopfenberg, 2232 466th QMTrk. Rgt., L Co. (Sept-Harrisburg, PA) Cecil Netzly 1237 Lincoln Way E., Massillon, OH 44646 (216) Brigham St., #5D, Brooklyn, NY 11229 (718) 891-9879 Valentine, 810 Cherry St., Genoa, OH 43430 (419) 855- 832-9744 215th Engr. Serv. Bn. (June-Monticello, NY) Walter Curry 3465' 726th ROB (Sept-Carlisle, PA) Bill Weibley 1222 Clare- 402 Beverly Ave., Waverly, OH 45690 (614) 947-2621 472nd AAA Bn. (Sept-Bloomingdale, IL) Edwin Kwiat, mont Rd., Carlisle, PA 17013 (717) 249-2030 224th Airborne Med. Co., 17th A/B Div. (Aug-Buffalo, 838 Victory Ln., Justice, IL 60458 (312) 839-0475 736th Tank Bn., A Co. (Aug-Seymour, IN) Richard Steeb, NY) Edmund Wientczak, 9313 David Rd., Garfield Hts., 480th AAA Bn. (July-Palmerton, PA) Samuel George, Rt. Rt. 1, Box 107A, Paris Crossing, IN 47270 (812) 873-

OH 44125 (216) 341-0695 1, Palmerton, PA 18071 (215) 681-4500 6667 232nd Signal Oper. Co. (WWII) (Oct-Iowa City lA) 489th AAA AW Bn. 8. P. (Aug-Scranton, PA) Chester 741 St Tank Bn. (July-Rock Falls, IL) LyIe Hendryx, Box 36, Raymond Studt, Rt. 4, Box 103, Solon, lA 52333 (319) Sabastinelli, 1185 W. State St., Archibald, PA 18403 (717) Neponset, IL 61345 (309) 594-2381 644-2482 876-2841 743rd ROB, C Co. (June-San Diego) Albert Vanstelten, 235th Engr. (C) Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Washington) Ken 496th AAA Gun Bn. (Oct-Rochester, NY) Jim Stivers, 138 1674 E. El Norte Pky, Escondido, CA 92027 (619) 745- Seltz, 4170 Indian Ln., Dayton, OH 45416 (513) 274-6501 John Jay Dr., Rochester, NY 14617 (716) 266-1879 7497 237th AAA SL Bn., B Btry. (Oct-College Station, TX) 501st AAA Gun Bn., C Btry. (Sept-Lancaster, PA) Mike 746th AAA Gun Bn. A,B,C,D,HQ (WWII) (Oct-Dayton,

Richard Patrick, 2713 Broadway Dr, College Station, TX Daube, Rt. 1, Box 234, Monogahela, PA 15063 (412) 258- OH) George Stewart, Box 495, Tonganoxie, KS 66086 77840 (409) 764-1068 7176 (913) 845-2582 246th CA. Assn. (Sept-Natural Bridge, VA) Ray Cross, 504th AAA Gun Bn. (Oct-Lancaster, PA) Parke Harnish, 746th R.O.B., Co. C (June-Old Charleston, SC) Mrs. Earl 1209 Kerns Ave. S.W., Roanoke, VA 24015 (703) 343- 312 Coral St., Lancaster, PA 17603 (717) 392-7920 Pate, 207 Maple Ave., Hamlet, NC 28345 (919) 582- 4085 507th Parachute Inf. Assn. (Sept-Key West, FL) 3284 247th Engr. Bn. (Aug-Nashville, IN) Lawrence Clarence Hughart, 9151 W. 66th Arvada, 749th Tank Bn. Assn. (Sept-Evansville, IN) William Combat Ave , CO 80004 Brown, 221 N. Walnut St., Ladoga, IN 47954 (317) 942- (303) 424-8952 Reineke, 325 W. Lincoln Ave., Mt. Vernon, IN 47620 (812) 2653 512th Engr. L.P. Co. (WWII) (Sept-Green Bay, Wl) LaVern 838-3201 247th F.A. Bn., Serv. Btry. (Sept-Dayton, OH) Melvin Hansen, Rt. 3, Pulaski, Wl 54162 (414) 822-3716 751 St Tank Bn. (M) (Oct-Louisville, KY) A C. Jones, 3926 Sandy Rt. 2, Box 81, Stephens City VA 22655 (703) 869- 536th Assn. (WWII) (Sept-Stamford, CT) Bayard Pea- Mantell Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45236 (513) 791 -8525 4331 body 105 S. Main St., Baldwinville, MA01436 (617) 939- 754th F.A. Bn. (Oct-Nashville, TN) Raymond Smith, 252nd C.A., 530th F.A. (Sept-Carlinville, IL) Don 8782 20740 W. 343rd St., Wilmington, IL 60481 (815) 476-6635 Keohane, Box 526, Carlinville, IL 62626 (618) 836-7760 548th AAA Bn. (June-Roseville, Ml) Fred Spresser, 756th Tank Bn. (WWII) (Oct-Ft. Worth, TX) Oscar Long, 252nd CA, F Btry. (Nov-Litchfield Beach, SC) Graham 25504 Arlington, Roseville, Ml 48066 (313) 775-6974 Rt. 3, Waxahachie, TX 75165 (914) 382-1093 Clark, 101 N. Highland St., Raeford, NC 28376 (919) 552nd Engr. H.P. Bn. (May-Monroeville, PA) Warren 760th F.A. Bn. (Sept-Omaha, NE) Robert Kline, 165 9th 875-3676 Snyder, 625 N. 19th St., Allentown, PA 18104 (215) 433- Ave., Columbus, NE 68601 (402) 564-5994 257th Ord. MM Co. (Oct-Marion, OH) Robert Farrell, 1900 2650 764th Ry. Shop Bn. (Aug-Bucyrus, OH) Louis Golia, 629 Cheryl Ln., Frankfort, IN 46041 (317) 659-2419 553rd Engr. HV Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Saginaw, Ml) Ralph Sara Ln., Vernoa, PA 15147 (412) 793-2938 258th F.A. Bn. (Aug-Sioux Falls, SD) Maynard Justice, Haines, 896 Ormes Rd., Vassar, Ml 48768 (517) 871- 769th MP Bn., A Co. (Sept-Moline, IL) William Parrish, 110

410 E. Stearns, Chamberlain, SD 57325 (605) 734-5444 9613 Beechwood Dr , Madison Hts. , VA 24572 (804) 846-7200 278th Engr. (C) Bn., B Co. (WWII) (Oct-Hampton, VA) 555th AAA AW Bn. MBL. (Sept-Lafayette, LA) Sidney 771st FA Bn., B Btry. (Sept-Winston-Salem, NC) David Allene Taylor, 19 Cedar Knoll, Tuscaloosa, AL 35405 Broussard, Rt. 1, Box 600, Breaux Bridge, LA 70517 Scott, 661 N. Center, Braidwood, IL 60408 (815) 458- (205) 553-7941 (318) 332-1869 2416 279th Combat Engr. Bn. (Aug-Winston-Salem, NC) 555th AAA AW Bn., C Btry. (Sept-Jefferson City MO) 773rd F.A. Bn. (July-Clarksville, IN) Robert Emerson, James Cagle, 2693 St. Johns's PI., Winston-Salem, NC Russell Cox, 4716 Sharon Dr., Jefferson City MO 65109 2420 Jacobs Dr, New Albany IN 47150 (812) 945-6158 27106 (314) 893-4760 774th Tank Destroyer Assn. (Oct-Myrtle Beach, SC) 281 St Combat Engrs. (Aug-New Orleans) E.G. Jeffreys, 556th AAA AW Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Kissimmee, FL) Herb Robert King, 3982 Green Forest Pky, Smyrna, GA Box 66227, Mobile, AL 36660 (205) 479-4400 Lashhorn Sr., 3516 Williams Dr., Weirton, WV 26062 30082 (404) 432-9413 300th General Hospital (WWII) (June-Clarksville, IN) (304) 748-7778 777th Tank Bn. (Aug-Lexington, KY) Vernon Wirth, 8330 Austin Lutz, 1566 Meadow Ln., New Albany, IN 47150 565th, 574th SAW Bns. (Sept-Charleston, SC) Angel W. Concordia Ave., Milwaukee, Wl 53222 (414) 442- (812) 944-9909 Zaragaza, 1581 9th St., San Bernardino, CA 92411 (714) 9664 303rd F.A. Bn., 97th Inf. Div. (Aug-Nashville, TN) J.W. 889-7853 789th AAA AW, HQ,A,B,C,D Btrys. (Sept-Cleveland) Redding, 4310 Forest Bend, Dallas, TX 75244 583rd Signal Air Warn. Bn. (WWII) (July-Grand Rapids, Anthony Rauscher, Rt. 3, Box 322, Conneautville, PA 304th Inf. Rgt., 76th Div. (Sept-Chicago) Haig Bogosian, Ml) Howard Bard, 1654 Moelker, S.W., Grand Rapids, Ml 16406 (814) 587-6271

109 State Sir PI., Red Bank, NJ 07701 (201 ) 741 -5958 49504 (616) 453-5945 795th AAA AW Bn. (Sept-Cleveland) C. David Burns, 103 309th Ordnance Co. (Sept-Wichita, KS) A.R. LaNoue, 588th Signal Dpt. Co. (Oct-New Orleand) George Center, Maquoketa, lA 52060 (319) 652-2165 1024 S. Vassar, Wichita, KS 67218 (316) 686-5898 Marshall, 1514 Ardmore PI., Kingsport, TN 37664 (615) 796th AAA AW Bn. (sp) (Aug-Louisville. KY) Daniel 309th Rgt., 78th Inf. Div., E Co. (May-State College, PA) 378-4172 Hertz, Box 184, Tannersville, PA 18372 (717) 629-0957 Marion Dunlap, Rt. 4, Box 149R, Bellefonte, PA 16823 601st FA Bn. (pk), HQ/HQ & Serv. Btrys. (Sept-St. 799th Engr. Forestry Co. (Sept-Faribault, MN) Archie (814) 355-5445 Louis) Elmer Beissell, 6833 Buchanan Ave., W. Mifflin, Haburn, 914 N. Ontario St., Storm Lake, lA 50588 (712) 336th Engr. Combat Bn. (Sept-Grand Rapids, Ml) PA 15122 (412) 466-9047 732-3693 George Woodbridge, 107 Conrad, N.E., Grand Rapids, 602nd F.A. Bn. Pk. (WWII) (Sept-Reno, NV) Harry 805th Engr. AVN Bn. (Sept-Lancaster, PA) Frank Ml 49505 (616)361-7153 Thrasher, 15472 West C St., Kerman, CA 93630 (209) Messina, 1022 N. 10th St., Whitehall, PA 18052 (215) 338th Engrs. (Sept-Canton, OH) Walter Kirby, 1018 846-8500 821-0876 Chadwell Dr, Madison, TN 37115 (615) 865-1300 608th O.B.A.M. Bn. (Aug-Moline, IL) Elmer Gustafson, 805th T.D. Bn. (Sept-Lancaster, PA) Michael Gierlak, 501 339th/1179th Engrs. (Sept-New Orleans) Joseph 520 28th Ave., Moline, IL 61265 (309) 764-2578 Cascade Rd., Mechanicsburg, PA 17055 (717) 766-2041 Hofrichter, 1718 Bird Dog Ct., Loveland, OH 45140 (513) 609th Ord. Base Arm. Maint. Bn. (Oct-Las Vegas, NV) 809th AVN Engr. Bn. (Sept-Bushkill, PA) John Hazuka, 677-0267 W.H. Becker, 70 Stovel Cir, Colorado Springs, CO 80916 144 Stevenstown Rd., Westbrook CT 06498 (203) 399- 359th AAA S/L Bn. (Sept-Johnstown, PA) James Werner, (303) 574-6231 9269 219 Burkhart St., Johnstown, PA 15906 (814) 539-8217 609th T.D. Bn. (Sept-Jackson, MS) George Funke, 3260 816th Engr. AVN Bn. (Oct-Albany NY) George Vine, 93 376th AAA AW Bn. (All Btrys./WWII) (Sept-Morganton, Oakford, Trevose, PA 19047 Waterman Ave., Albany NY 12205 (518) 456-3853 NC) William Southern, 3817 Clemmons Rd., Clem- 611th O.B.A.M. Bn. (Sept-Watertown, NY) Alan Murray 819th AVN Engr. Bn. (Sept-Louisville, KY) Joseph monts, NC 27012 (919) 766-8614 222 S. James St., Carthage, NY 13619 (315) 493-2173 Graeter, 207 Bellemeade Rd., Louisville, KY 40222 377th Harbor Craft Co. (Sept-Reno, NV) Kenneth 612th FA Bn. (pack) Mars Task Force (Sept-Dayton, OH) (502) 425-0181 Wheeler, Rt. 1, Box 516A, Adams, NY 13605 (315) 232- W.B. Woodruff, Box 515, Decatur, TX 76234 (817) 627- 820th AVN Engr. Bn. Co. C (July-Crown Point, IN) 2702 3745 Howard Miller, 311 Cedar St., Crown Point, IN 46307 381 St AAA AW Bn., C Btry. (WWII) (Oct-Dayton, OH) Del 613th FA Bn. (pack) Mars Task Force (Sept-Dayton, OH) (219) 663-5282

~~MAY 1988 55 Veterans alert~~

825th T.D. Bn. (WWII) (Oct-Myrtle Beach, SC) Walter Wise, 950 W, Noble Ave., Williston, FL 32696 (904) 528- Spec. Augmented Hospital #7 (Sept-Seattle) Clyde 2061 Navy Bemis, 3205 E. 23rd, Spokane, WA 99216 (206) 924- 845th AVN Engr. Bn. (Sept-Carlisle, PA) Robert Little, 3659 1611 Carter Ln.,Woodbridge,VA 22191 (703)491-4436 2nd & 4th Beach Bns. (Sept-Denver) Walter Bryant, 7620 Torpedoman's Mates Assn./USS Everglades AD 24 854th Engr. AVN Bn. (WWII) (Oct-Louisville, KY) James E. 50th St., Indianapolis, IN 46226 (317) 547-2319 (Sept-Norfolk, VA) Ronald Curtis. 2954 Hilleman Ave., Bethell, 6805 Galax Ct., Springfield, VA22151 (703) 256- 6th Dist. Shore Patrol (WWII) (June-Savannah, GA) St. Louis, MO 63114 (314) 427-6140 2988 Harold Ross, 1136 Broadview Blvd.. Brackenridge, PA U.S. Submarine Vets (Aug-Hackensack, NJ) Steven 855th Engr. AVN Bn. (Sept-Gary, IN) James Melton, 15014 (412) 224-2881 Atkatz, 1656 Irene Ct., Teaneck. NJ 07666 (201) 833- 18403 Coyle, Detroit, Ml 48235 (313) 838-5223 7th NCB (WWII) (Sept-Dallas) Stan Bartz, 7103 Duffield 4193 861st Ord. Ham Co. (Aug-Bushkill Falls, PA) Kenneth Dr, Dallas, TX 75248 (214) 931 -6277 Ulithi-SLCU, Acorn 29 (Sept-San Diego) James Reget, Rhodes, 2800 15th St., Altoona, PA 16601 (814) 943- 10th Spec. Seabees, 2nd Sect. (Sept-Bloomington, IL) 3070 Governor Dr., San Diego, CA 92122 (619) 453-3994 0708 Maurice Irvin, Box 1030, Bloomington, IL 61701 (309) USS Allen M. Sumner DD 692 (Sept-Chicago) Roy 864th AVN Engrs. H&S Co. (A/B/C Cos. Welcome) 663-4273 Ferguson, 145 N.E. FatimaTerr., Port St. Lucie. FL (Sept-St. Louis) John Broussard, 209 Bellemont Dr., 18th Seabees (May-Houston) Buddy Hosford, 717 34983 (305) 878-3422

Lafayette, LA 70507 (318) 232-0868 Westmoreland Rd.. Rt. 1, Red Oak, TX 75154 (214) 576- USS Almaack AKA 10 (Oct-Philadelphia) Joseph Kakas, 866th Engrs. AVN (July-Kansas City MO) Shirley Young, 5300 338 Heathcliffe Rd., Huntingdon Valley. PA 19006 (215) 9900 E. 35th Terr, Independence, MO 64052 (816) 356- 25th NCB (WWII) (Aug-LaCrosse, Wl) Alfred Don, 62104 379-8743 2776 Vicksburg Dr, Pensacola, FL 32503 (904) 476-4113 USS Anderson DD 411 (WWII) (Sept-Portland. OR) John 872nd A/B AVN Engr. Bn. (May-Madiera Beach, FL) 26th NCB (Sept-Reynoldsburg, OH) Harry Friedrich, 3671 Wolf, 32 N.E. Laurelhurst PL, Portland, OR 97232 (503) Mockingbird Ln., 426-2117 232-5584 Norm Gardner, 9333 Park Blvd., Lt. 20B, Seminole, FL Dayton, OH 45430 (513) 33543 (813) 398-4924 37th Spec. Seabees (WWII) (Sept-Indianapolis) Clyde USS APL 30 (Aug-Live Oak, FL) William Yott. Rt 2, Box Miller, Rt. 3. Box 334, Cloverdale, IN 46120 795- 202A. Live Oak. FL 32060 362-6518 880th FA Bn., 69th Div., Btry. A (Sept-Florence, KY) (317) (904) 3423 USS Ault DD 698 (WWII) (Sept-Portsmouth, Rl) John Barnett, 6374 BrandywineTrl., Norcross, GA 30092 Jim 56th (Sept-Baton Rouge, LA) TJ. Clark, 4 N. Morgan Ave., Havertown, (404) 448-6513 NCB Bankston, 31713 PA 19083 (215) Fickfaw Acres Rd., Holden, LA 70744 (504) 567-2261 789-6901 894th Tank Destroyer Bn. (WWII) (June-Independence, 57th Seabees (1942-45) (Oct-Myrtle Beach, SC) Wood- USS Ausburne DD 570 (Sept-Branson, MO) Paul Irwin, MO) Clyde Nicholson, Box 12327, Dallas. TX 75225 row Skipper, Rt. 1, Box 397, Harrisburg, NC 28075 (704) 103 Retta Dr, San Antonio, TX 78222 (512) 333-6230 (214) 987-4288 547-0398 USS Baham AG 71 (Sept-Merrillville, IN) Leo Bobeck, 945th F.A. Bn. (Sept-Fayetteville, NC) George Buck, 726 64th NCB (July-Memphis, TN) Wilmer Smith, Rt. 2, Box 1000 E. 61st PI., Merrillville, IN 46410 (219) 980-9127 50th St., Des Moines, lA 50312 (515) 255-4269 300, Osceola. AR 72370 (501 ) 531 -2135 USS Banner APA 60 (Sept-Omaha, NE) Ed Guthrie, 7008 974th Engr. Maint. Co. (Aug-Berea, KY) Howard Shank, 75th NCB (June-Grove City, OH) Dallas Evans. 4128 Irvington Rd., Omaha, NE 68122 (402) 571 -2881 8655 W. 78th PI., Arvada, CO 80005 (303) 431 -6582 Hoover Rd.. Grove City. OH 43123 (614) 875-5507 USS Baron DE 166 (Sept-St. Louis) Henry Pacheco, 69 989TH F.A. Bn. (Sept-Madison, IN) M.E. Glenn, Rt. 5, Box Hill 77th Seabee Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Boston) B I Camp, 4821 Fox Ave. , Bristol, Rl 02809 (401 ) 253-8994 1, Madison, IN 47250 273-1625 (812) Langley Rd.. Ft. Worth. TX 76114 (817) 626-1103 USS Belknap APD 34, DD 251 (Sept-Charleston, SC) 993rd Engr. Treadway Bridge Co. (Sept-Plattsmouth, 95th NCB (May-Kerhonkson, NY) Alex Stepanian, 175 Paul Eisenman, 540 E. Portage Td. Apt. 103. Cuyahoga NE) J.J Vacek, 910 Wildcat Ridge, Manhattan, KS Park Dr No. , Staten Island, NY 10314 (718) 761 -5828 Falls, OH 44221 (216) 928-4415 66502 96th NCB (Casual Draft Azore, Tsing Tao, China, All USS Betelgeuse AKA11/AK28 (Coast Guard In- 999th A. F.A. (June-Machinaw. IL) Glenn Hurley, Rt. 1, Units) (Sept-Colorado Spnngs. CO) Hazel Solarski, 139 cluded) (Oct-St Louis) Roy Hoffman, 253 Alliston Rd., Mackinaw, IL 61755 (309) 359-8425 Ravenhead, Houston. TX 77034 (713) 944-2305 Spnngfield, PA 19064 (215) 543-5624 1127th MP Co. (July-Lexington. KY) Frank Farina, 18 123rd NCB (Aug-Charleston, SC) William Bean, box 457, USS Birmingham CL 62 (Aug-Nashville, TN) Roland Oriole PI., Clementon, NJ 08021 Sullivans Island, SC 29482 (803) 883-3351 Morford, 264 W 200 No., Pleasent Grove, UT 84062 1284th Combat Engr. Bn. (WWII) (Oct-Bordentown, NJ) 136th Seabees (Aug-Seattle) Ralph Harrison, 837 (801) 785-2510 Emiho Tirade. Rt. 1, Box 37A, New Egypt, NJ 08533 Millwood Rd. Broken Arrow, OK 74011 (918) 455-8243 USS Block Island CVE 21/106 (May-Minneapolis) (609) 758-8331 ADAK/AMCHITKA Radio Receivers (1944-46) (Sept- Leonard Brehmer, 2525 W. Armour Terr, Minneapolis. 55418 1374th Engr. Pet. Dist. Co. (Oct-McCormack, SC) Hugh Buffalo, N y) Bruno Campagnari, Dugan Rd., Rt. 2, MN Clean, Rhodes, Keene Estill, NY 14760 (716) 372-1780 USS Boggs DMS 3/AG 19 (Sept-San Diego) Mark 208 Ave No. , SC 29918 (803) 625- 3741 C.B.M.U. 568 (July-Monticello, MN) Joe Salemi, 137 Schaitel, Rt. 1, Box 254, Sparta, Wl 54656 (608) 269-

Westminster PI., Lodi, NJ 07644 ) 546-0348 7266 1393rd Engr. Const. Bn., 1177th Engr. Const. Grp. (201 C.B.M.U. 569 (July-Monticello, MN) Paul Green, 1614 S. USS Bon Homme Richard (Ship's Co. /Air Groups) (Sept-Chicago) Roman Klick, 5849 N. Lacey Ave., Western. Mexico, MO 65265 (314) 581 -3766 (Sept-Pensacola, FL) Ralph Pound. Box 1531, Tupelo, Chicago, IL 60646 (312) 545-5540 CASU 32 (June-Torrance, CA) Elmer Marose, 5906 N. MS 38802 (601) 842-8247 1567th Engr. Dpt. Co. (Nov-San Francisco) Herman Shawnee, Oklahoma City, OK 73112 (405) 946-1035 USS Boxer Air Craft Carrier (Oct-Salt Lake City) Henry Schneider, 661 Via Arroya, Ventura. CA 93003 (805) 642- CBMU 593 (July-Port Hueneme, CA) L.K. Martin, 1916 Wilson. 1301 N. Kokomo, Derby, KS 67037 (316) 788- 9103 4560 Windsor Ave . Owensboro, KY 42301 (502) 683-4268 Ord. 1647th MM Co. (WWII) (Sept-Minneapolis) Fre- Dam Neck, VA AAT & TC (Sept-Virginia Beach. VA) USS Brooklyn CL 40 (Sept-Seattle) James Colamarino, derick Hansen, 1609 S Irene St., Sioux City lA 51106 Robert Kirsch, Rt 4. Box 117, Evans City PA 16033 2904 168th Ave S E., Bellevue, WA 98008 (206) 746- 276-9090 (712) Des Ron 8 (WWII) (Sept-Norfolk. VA) Mrs H Cook, 868 6984 1880th Engr. AVN Bn. (Aug-Nashville, TN) Ed Brown, Hopwood Ln , Virginia Beach, VA 23455 (804) 497-8792 USS Brown DD 546 (Sept-Stone Mountain, GA) R.S. Nashville, 3415 West End Ave , #212, TN 37206 (615) Lion Four (Sept-Duluth, MN) Ruben Stahl, 1621 Illinois, White, Box 5618, Lincoln, NE 68505 (402) 483-2182 242-1961 (Oct-Norfolk, S W . Huron, SD 57350 (605) 352-2665 USS Butler DD 636/DMS 29 VA) Joseph 1891 St Engr. AVN Bn. (CBI) (Sept-Nashville, TN) George Walsh, Indian River Virginia Minemen Assn. (Aug-Charleston. SC) Assn. of Minemen. 3932 Rd. , Beach, VA 23456 Haverkamp, 7303 Bryn Mawr Dr, Des Moines, lA 50322 Box 71835, Charleston, SC 29415 (804)471-5499 1913th AVN Engrs., Co. C (Aug-Lansing, Ml) David MOB 8, BEVE 56, Fleet 108 Hosp. (Guadalcanal) (Oct- USS Cabot CVL 28 (Sept-Stamford, CT) TE. O'Grady,

Donnell. 1470 N. Perkey Rd.. Charlotte. Ml 48813 (517) Branson, MO) Chester Behning. 102 Hawley St., 1105 Passolt SI , Saginaw, Ml 48603 (517) 799-6997 543-3416 Grayslake. IL 60030 (312) 223-4211 USS Cabot, A Div. (WWII) (Sept-Birmingham, AL) Henry 3482nd Ord. Co. (WWII) (Aug-Greenville, SC) Thurman NAS Kaneohe Bay (1939-50) (Aug-Nashville. TN) James Hobbs Jr, 2114 Greentree Dr. #1210, Birmingham. AL Silvey, Evans, 1776 Troy Ln., Oceanside, CA 92054 (619) 433- 35216 (205) 987-7625 423 Oakdale Rd , Charlotte, NC 28216 (704) 399- 5772 7224 USS Capps DD550 Assn. (WWII) (Sept-San Diego) Earl Naval Weather Beadle, 1203 West St.. Pine Bluff, 71602 (501) 247- 3516th Ordnance MAM, 1st Engr. Spec. Bde. (June- Serv. Assn. (June-Annapolis. MD) Will AR Gould, Bairwood Dr, Huntingtown, 3702 Cleveland) Peter Rubino. 5560 Sunnyland Rd., Maple 6450 MD 20639 (301)855-7183 USS Chevalier DD 451 (Oct-Falmouth, MA) Kurt Bocian, Hts. , OH 44137 (216) 581 -9371 1 854-5190 Navy Fire-Fighters (Sept-Detroit, Ml) Edward Dubay 24853 96th Ave. So. ,# , Kent, WA 98031 (206) 3840th QM Gas Supply Co. (Oct) Charles Smith, Box 22072 Linwood Ave.. E. Detroit, Ml 48021 (313) 776- USS Clay APA 39, Elizabeth C. Stanton PA 69 (Sept- 287, Stockport, OH 43787 (614) 559-2601 7406 Knoxville, TN) John Brass, 403 E. 330th St., Willowick, Chosin Few (Mid-States-Korea) (May-Ft Wayne, IN) Navy Hurricane Hunters (June-Jacksonville, FL) OH 44094 (216) 943-2079 Harley Trueblood, 343 Redbud Blvd. So., Anderson, IN Hurricane Hunters, Inc., 2818 Cedarcrest Dr. Orange USS Coghlan DD 606 (Aug-Ft. Mitchell, KY) N. Mas- 46013 Park, FL 32073 sarelli, 1340 Oakmont Ave., Hamilton, OH 45013 (513) Christmas Island Task Force (Coconut Heads) (Sept- Navy Mats VRS (Nov-Oxnard, CA) Monte Umphress. 868-6138 Ln., Omaha, NE) Francis Wallis, 209 Chevro Bellevue, 1 348 Hanchett Ave, , San Jose, CA 951 26 (408) 295-0218 USS Colorado BB 45 (Sept-Mobile, AL) Chris Barker, 709 NE 68005 (402) 291 -4383 Navy Recruiting District (Oct-Boston) Josh Roberts, Apache Dr, Independence, MO 64056 April Hobbs AAF (1942-45) (Sept-Hobbs, NM) 5333 Brewer Rd., Beltsville, MD 20705 (301 ) 937-6380 USS Columbia CL 56 (Nov-Annapolis, MD) Joe Rice, Westbrook, 400 N. Marland. Hobbs, NM 88240 (505) Navy Seabee Vets (OH Dept.) (June-Grove City OH) 5604 Plata St., Clinton, MD 20735 (301 ) 868-1260 397-3202 Dallas Evans, 4128 Hoover Rd., Grove City, OH 43123 USS Copahee CVE 12/VGS 12 (Sept-San Francisco) HQ V Corps Vets Assn. (Sept-Gatlinburg. TN) Jewel (614)875-5507 John Pittsford, Rt. 2, Box 144, Farmland, IN 47340 (317) Carey, 716 Hitching Post Rd., Pigeon Forge, TN 37863 PBR Mbl Base 11, FPO SF 96601, MILPHAP Team 4 468-6991 (615)453-1891 ADV Tm 19, APO SF 96495 (July- Washington) Sidney USS Corry DD 463 (Oct-Myrtle Beach, SC) Grant Merrill's Marauders (WWII) (Sept-Charlotte, NC) Snook, 4406 Olando Ln., Bowie, MD 20705 (301) 464- Gullickson, 1909 Salk St., Virginia Beach, VA 23455 1447 Raymond Lyons, 11244 N. 33rd St., Phoenix, AZ 85028 (804)464-3619 S-30 (SS-135) (Sept-Milwaukee, Wl) Austin Bowman. USS Corson AVP 37 (Sept-New Orleans) Leroy Casey, Phoenix C 158 AVN Bn., 101st ABN (July-Ft Worth, TX)

21236 6th Ave So , Seattle, WA 98198 (206) 824-3858 Box 348, Newhebron, MS 39140 (601 ) 694-2167 Jack Glennon, 3700 Filmore Dr. Virginia Beach, VA Salvage Divers/Pier 88, NY (Graduates/1942-45) USS Crowley DE 303 (Sept-So San Francisco, CA) 23452 (804) 498-0334 (Aug-Milwaukee, Wl) Frank Prebezich, W133-N8151 Robert Connelly, 887 Oak Grove Ave., Ste. 201, Menio US Forces (Austria, 1945-56) (Oct-Baltimore) Bill Billet, Danell Dr, Menomonee Falls, Wl 53051 (414) 251-3578 Park, CA 94025 Box 206, Red Lion, PA 17356 (717) 244-5368 SLCU 18 (Boat Pool 14, Emirau/Boat Pool 15, Manus USS Dunlap DD 384 (Sept-Norfolk. VA) E. Ralph Barber, XIII Corps Assn. (All Ranks) (Aug-Atlanta) John Bitting, Islands) (Oct-New Philadelphia. OH) Earl Neagles, 167 Circle Dr, Pell City, AL 35125 (205) 338-4359

~~10104 Quinby St., Silver Spring, MD 20901 (301) 593- 7197 Spring Hill Dr., Spring Hill, FL 34606 (904) 683- USS Dyess DDR 880 (July-Sidney NE) John Bruns, Rt. 1, 8919 4380 Box 806, Sidney, NE 69162~~

~~56 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Veterans alert~~

USS Dyson DD 572 (Oct-Williamsburg, VA) E.B. Fulker- 1088, El Centre, CA 92244 (619) 352-3822 USS Strong DD 758 (July-Norfolk, VA) O.P Pritchard. 182 son, Rt. 14. Box 182, Johnson City, TN 37615 (615) 282- USS LST 49 (Sept-St. Louis) Frank Reeves, Rt. 4, Box Hair St.. Soddy Daisy TN 37379 (615) 332-5051 1236 204A, Ava, MO 65608 (417) 683-2440 USS Terror CM5 (Sept-Cincinnati) William Hancock. 2963

~~USS Edwin A. Howard DE 346 (Sept-St. Louis) Dale USS LST 582 (WWII) (July-St Louis) Ed . Novak, 2904 Fourtowers Dr. Cincinnati. OH 45238 (513) 451-3585~~

~~Roth, 305 Harrington Ave., Harrington, DE 19952 (301) Hiss Ave., Baltimore, MD 21234 (301 ) 665-5953 USS Terry DD 513 (July-Terre Haute, IN) Frank Wey 1519~~

398-8744 USS LST 646 (July-Elyria, OH) Virgil Shuster #111 -500 W. Woodley Ave . Terre Haute, IN 47804 (812) 232-7330 USS Elokomin AO 55 (1943-70) (Oct-Norfolk, VA) Jim 3rd St., Elyna, OH 44035 (216) 323-4806 USS Thatcher DD 514 (Oct-Austin, TX) Robert Hartley Russell, 3984 Steven Ct., Seaford. NY 11783 (516) 798- USS LST 702 (Aug-Brockton, MA) Gerry Early, 278 288 Roxalana Hills Dr., Dunbar, Wl 25064 (304) 766- 5958 Chatham West Dr.. Brockton, MA 02401 (617) 586-6369 7497 USS Essex CV/CVA/CVS 9 (Sept-Niagara Falls, NY) USS LST 803 (Oct-Harrisburg, PA) R.E. Sanders, 1418 USS Thetis Bay CVE 90 (WWII) (Aug-Minneapolis, MN) Jack Gallagher, Box 3156, Lakewood, CA 90711 (213) Huffman Dr, So. Bend. IN 46614 (219) 291 -6635 Bill Cleveland. 5920 Interlachen Blvd.. Edina. MN 55436 866-4463 USS Marblehead CL 12 (June-Minneapolis) Buzz (612)925-1469 USS Evans DE 1023 (Sept-St. Louis) William Duke, 35 Lauridsen. 6243 Rancho Hills Dr. San Diego. CA 92139 USSThornhill DE 195 (Sept-Tannersville. PA) Henry Channing Ave., Portsmouth. VA 23702 USS Massey DD 778 (Sept-Minneapolis, MN) Jack Cetkowski. Box 531, Rt. 2. Titusville, NJ 08560 (609) USS Fanning DD 385 (Sept-Milwaukee, Wl) Marvin Zagaros. 3656 Newton Ave. No., Minneapolis, MN 55412 737-1727 Garfinkel, 3862 N. 67th St., Milwaukee, Wl 53216 (414) (612)529-5840 USS Tisdale DE 33 (Oct-Branson, MO) Dan Krattli. 312 463-8581 USS McConnell DE 163 (WWII) (Sept.) B.F Pricks, 800 Capri Dr. O'Fallon. MO 63366 (314) 272-4266 USS Fletcher DD/DDE 445 (Sept-San Antonio, TX) R.V Sylvan Ave., Bridgeport, CT 06606 USS Torrance AKA 76 (Aug) Don Hamann. 1250 73rd. Allen, 43 Deertield Dr, Hurncane, WV 25526 (304) 757- USS McCoy Reynolds DE 440 (June-Norfolk, VA) Winnie Apt. 19, Des Moines. lA 50311 (515) 279-2854

7445 Lodge. Rt. 1, Box 94. White Plains. MD 20695 (301 ) 843- USS Trathen DD 530 (June-Little Rock, AR) Oscar Roller USS Flint CL 97 (Oct-Chicago) Robert Irwin, 1321 7622 Jr, 1912 Green Mtn. Dr. #128N, Little Rock. AR 72212 Maplewood Ave., Norfolk, VA 23503 (804) 587-1840 USS Medusa AR1 (Aug-San Diego) Charles Mantz. 486 (501)227-9221 USS Foreman DE 633 (Sept-Cleveland) William Holley Welton St., Chula Vista, CA 92011 (619) 420-9299 USS Trinity AO 13 (WWII) (Sept-St Joseph. MO) Henry

58P Village Green, Budd Lake, NJ 07828 (201 ) 691 -2380 USS Minneapolis CA 36 (Oct-San Antonio, TX) Glenn Holmes. 5005 Faraon St. #111. St. Joseph. MO.64506 USS Foss DE 59 (Sept-Boston) Kenneth Lebo, 2916 Stephens, 2455 Cheviot Dr. Ft. Collins, CO 80526 (303) USS Tuscaloosa CA 37, USS Wichita CA 45 (Sept- Southeast Dr., South Bend, IN 46614 (219) 289-1556 382-6026 Kansas City. MO) John D'Ercole. 122 Eaton Ave.. USS Frost DE 144 (Sept-St. Louis) Ernest Zimany, 76 USS Nassau CVE 16 (Oct-Charleston, SC) Sam Moore, Hamilton. OH 45013 (513) 895-0656 Chestnut Ln., Hollister CA 95023 (408) 637-3019 78 Gay Dr.. Ventura, CA 93003 (805) 644-8390 USS Vestal R4 (Oct-Scottsdale. AZ) William Wall, 18402 USS Halligan DD 584, Ericsson DD 440 (Oct-Cocoa USS Nevada BB 36 (Sept-Carson City NV) Roy Johnson. Scenic Ct.. Sun City AZ 85373 (602) 977-9746 Beach, FL) Francis Sneeden, 36 Box Pond Rd., Bellin- 3826 Knoxville Ave.. Long Beach. CA 90808 (213) 429- USS Vincennes CA 44/CL 64/CG 49 (Aug-Vincennes. gham, MA 02019 (617) 966-1568 5392 IN) Anthony Curcio, 705 School House Ln., Bound

~~USS Hammann DD412/Gansevoort DD 608 (Oct- USS Norton Sound AV 11/AVM 1 (Sept-Port Hueneme, Brook, NJ 08805 (201 ) 365-0364~~

Louisville, KY) Clyde Conner Rt. 1. Box 1, Grafton, WV CA) USS Norton Sound Assn., Box 487, Port Hueneme, USS Walton DE 361 (Sept-St. Louis) George Duquette, Rt 26354 (304) 265-3933 CA 93041 8. Box 174. Burlington. NC 27215 (919) 227-8331 USS Henry A. Wiley DM 29 (Fall-Clearwater, FL) Bill USS Omaha CL 4 (Sept-Omaha, NE) Mel Schaefer, 1113 USS Wayne APA 54 (Sept-King of Prussia. PA) Donald Zinzow, 2277 Minneda Rd., Clearwater, FL 34624 (813) Coach Rd., Papillion, NE 68046 (402) 592-0587 Dietz. 3620 Equestrian Dr, Dover, PA 17315 (717) 292- 799-2931 USS Paducah PG 18 (Aug-Duluth. MN) Neale Kapus- 2598 USS Hissem DE/DER 400 (Sept-Charleston. SC) PG. cinski. 2167 Adirondack St., Duluth, MN 55811 (218) 722- USS Whitehurst DE 634 (June-Knoxville, TN) Roy Summerville, 5724 Wilora Lake Rd., Charlotte, NC 9245 Grahm, Rt. 12, Box 258, Morgantown, WV 26505 (304) 28212 (704) 536-9270 USS Pakana ATF 108 (WWII) (July) Dick Eisenman, 26 594-1986 USS Hobby DD 610 (Oct-Scranton, PA) Delmar Durland Barbara Cir. Ft. Wright, KY 41011 (606)331-7752 USS Wickes DD 578 (June-Minneapolis) Stanley Han- Sr, Rt. 2, Box 200, Falls, PA 18015 (717) 388-6506 USS PC 825 (Aug-lndianapolis) R.G. Mathioudakis, 4708 nes, 6228 Blaisdell Ave., So., Richfield, MN 55423 (612) USS Hope AH 7, 215 Hosp. Ship Compl. (Oct-Orlando, Cherry Ln., Indianapolis, IN 46208 (317) 291 -9006 869-0836 FL) Rew Wilson, Box 3613. Eureka, CA 95502 USS Pecos AO 65 (Sept.) Johnny Sellers. 700 Orchard USS Yorktown CV 10 Assn. (Oct-Charleston. SC) USS Hopping DE 155/APD 51, Reeves DE 156/APD 52 Ln.. A-5. Clairsville. OH 43950 Joseph Sharkey Box 1021. Mt. Pleasant, SC 29464 (Sept-St. Louis) Charles Buice, 1401 Lehigh Ct., USS Pike (Aug-Milwaukee. Wl) Gordon Larsen, 10302 (803) 884-2727 Winston-Salem, NC 27103 (919) 725-5694 Highway 2. Rapid River. Ml 49878 (906) 474-6955 VF 11 Crew (June 16, 1943) (June) VF 11. PO Box BD, USS Houston CA 30/CL 81 (Sept-Detroit, Ml) Don USS Pine Island AV 12 (June-San Diego) Frank Gorthy Los Gatos. CA 95031 Michalak, 12441 N.Albion St., Thornton, CO 80241 (303) Box 416. Evart. Ml 49631 (616) 734-2833 VP 83/VPB 107, Hedron (Sept-Milwaukee. Wl) Harry 457-9382 USS President Jackson APA 18 (Aug-Norfolk. VA) John Schneider. 2256 N. 42nd St., Milwaukee. Wl 53208 (414) USS Idaho BB 42 (Sept-Kansas City, MO) David Graham, Finnegan. 62 Kuhl Ave.. Hicksville. NY 11801 (516) 935- 444-5555 Box 11247. San Diego. CA 92111 (619) 271-6106 3711 VP/VPB 54 (Oct-Huntsville, AL) R.A. Teubert, 20462 USS Izard DD 589 (June-Alpena. Ml) Al Corthals, 1013 USS Princeton CVL 23 (WWII) (Oct-Charleston. SC) Running Spnng Ln., Huntington Beach, CA 92646 (714) Lockwood Ave., Alpena, Ml 49707 (517) 356-0932 Sam Minervini. 251 Marlboro Rd.. Wood Ridge. NJ 962-0076 USS Jeflers DD 621/DMS 27 (Sept-Norfolk, VA) Warren 07056(201)935-6125 VPB 117 (Sept-Orlando, FL) William Swink. 87128 Golf

~~Hilton, 209 S. Hall St., Morrison, IL61270 (815) 772-2422 USS Ranger CVA 61 (Aug-Arlington. VA) John Muzio. Box Club Dr, Bay St. Louis. MS 39520 (601 ) 255-3738 USS Jenl~~

Boyce Rd., Memphis, TN 38117 (901 ) 683-0608 USS Rapidan AO 18 (Aug-Covington. KY) Howard Bays. Elk Grove, IL 60007 (312) 439-3377 USS Joseph Orieck (Sept-Kansas City MO) Phil Klotz. Rt. 3. Box 10. Wheelersburg. OH 45694 VS 49 (Nov-Pensacola, FL) C. Fred Joseph, 19904 Clutter Box 208. Leavenworth, KB 66048 (913) 682-3609 USS Raymon W. Herndon APD 121 (Oct-Charleston. Rd., Utica, OH 43080 (614) 892-3091 USS Kanawha AO 1 (Sept-Seattle) Tom McNamara, 4209 SC) A.L. Blackwood. 110 Crestview Dr.. Gaffney SC VT/VB 305 (Oct-San Diego) Robby Roberts, 1818 Missouri S.W. 98th, Seattle, WA 98136 (206) 937-4849 29340 (803) 489-2762 Ave., Phoenix, AZ 85016 (602) 265-5214 USS Kidd Assn., Desron 48 (Oct-Baton Rouge, LA) USS Ringgold DD 500 (Sept-Indianapolis) George WAVES (National) (July-Hershey PA) Maggie Colbert. George Barbero, 41 Vierling Dr., Ferguson, MO 63135 Souviner. 1512 Golden Rod Dr. Indianapolis. IN 46219 2000-8 W. Palmyra. Orange, CA 92668 (714) 937-0152 (314) 524-5216 (317) 898-8336 USS LaGrange APA 124 (Oct-Williamsburg, VA) Stanley USS Robert F. Keller DE 419iSept-St. Louis) John Paul, 230 Hamilton Ave.. Bethlehem, PA 18017 (215) Luedecke. 10427 Annapolis. San Antonio. TX 78230 Army Air Forces 866-2261 (512)696-2721 USS Langley CVL 27 (Oct-Alexandria, VA) A. Nick USS Salem CM 11 (Shawmut) (Sept-Grand River, KY) 1st Photo Mapping Sq. (WWII) (Sept-Portland. OR) Ray Chagaris, 11 Bourn Ave., Hampton, NH 03842 (603) Forest Blaine, Rt. 1, Box 242, Grand River, KY 42045 Wolfe, 3811 Harvey St. S.E., Salem. OR 97302 (503) 926-7545 (502) 928-4538 363-7274 USS LCI (G) 726 (Sept-Boston) Donald Reader, 2717 USS San Diego CL 53 (Sept-St. Louis) George Horton. 1st Strat. Air Dpt. Assn., 8th A.F (Honington, Eng- Cambridge Dr., Ft. Wayne, IN 46808 (219) 483-8740 Box 886. Clearfield, UT 84015 (801 ) 546-3157 land/WWII) (Sept-Nashville. TN) Warren Stanley 3207 USS LCS (L) 92 (Sept-Superior Wl) Joseph Sparish, Rt. USS Sanders DE 40 (June-Bellaire, Ml) Paul Dinofrio. Rt. Myles Ct. #3. San Jose. CA 95117 (408) 248-8627 2, Box 252. Cumberland, Wl 54829 (715) 822-8454 2. Box 246. Bellaire. Ml 49615 (616) 533-8811 2nd Air Div. Assn. (June-Colorado Spnngs. CO) Evelyn USS LCSL 34 (Aug-Morgantown, WV) Frank Farmer 419 USS Saufley (Sept-Daytona Beach. FL) Robert Cromie, Cohen, 06-410 Delaire Landing Rd.. Philadelphia. PA Estes Dr, Winchester, KY 40391 (606) 744-6103 2510 Delaware Rd., Deltona. FL 32738 (904) 789-2197 19114(215)632-3992 USS Leedstown APA 56 (Sept-St. Louis) Robert Larken, USS Savannah CL 42 (Sept-Anaheim, CA) R.B. Beamer, 2nd Photo Mapping Sq. (Sept-Ft. Walton Beach. FL) Box 7823. Longview, TX 75607 (214) 643-7625 1400 S. Sunkist, Sp. 66. Anaheim, CA 92806 (714) 535- Ivan Phillips. 1220 E. 5th. Pratt. KS 67124 (316) 672-3617 USS Leyte CV/CVS/CVA 32, AUT 10 (All Air Grps.) 1400 4th Tow Target Sq. (Oct-Nashville. TN) Ed Zaino. 212 (Oct-Charleston, SC) Clarkston Farnsworth. 615 USS Shannon DM 25 (WWII) (Sept-Virginia Beach. VA) Garrett Dr. Nashville, TN 37211 (615) 832-0568 Sanders Ave.. Scotia, NY 12302 (518) 346-5240 Robert Martin. 7008 Cresthaven Dr.. Glen Burnie. MD 5th Ftr. Sq., 52nd Ftr. Grp. (Sept-St. Louis) Jim Barge. USS LSM 386 (Aug-Rock Island, IL) Peggy Durkee, 1336 21061 (301)761-4625 783 Woodward Dr. St Louis. MO 63125 (314) 892-5735 21st Ave., Rock Island, IL 61201 (309) 788-1424 USS Shea DM 30 (Captain Bill) (May-Charleston. SC) 7th Bomb Grp. (H) (June-Salt Lake City) Sid Birdsley USS LST 121 (Aug-San Francisco, CA) Dale Campbell, John Fernandez. 4201 Oakridge Dr., Chasn Hts.. SC 1372 S. Main St.. Salt Lake City UT 84115 (801) 582- 236 Park Ave., Washington, PA 15301 (412)222-8840 29418 9772 USS LST 157 (Sept-Evansville, IN) Melvin Walters, 30119 USS Southard QMS 10 (Oct-Norfolk. VA) Robert 8th A.F Historical Society (MN Chapter) (Aug-St. Paul. Geneva, Spring. TX 77386 (713) 367-8368 Nygaard. 1315 Karl Ln.. New Brighton. MN 55112 (612) MN) Richard Greer, Box 13208. Roseville, MN 55113 USS LST 310 (July-Hollywood, MD) Robert O'Dell. 13151 633-6608 (612)489-7249

S. Francis Rd.. DeWitt. Ml 48820 (517) 669-3163 USS St. Lo CVE 63/VC 65 (Oct-San Mateo. CA) E H 21st Air Dpt. Grp. B.A.D. 1 (Sept-Dayton, OH) James USS LST 325 (June-Mandan, ND) Donald Martin. Rt. 1. Crawforth. 1910 Windsor Way Reno. NV 89503 (702) Campbell, 20 Chelsea St.. Staton Island. NY 10307 (718)

Box 14. Westhope, ND 58793 (701 ) 245-6250 747-0884 984-2362 USS LST 454 (Sept-San Diego) Tony Giglio, 784 River- USS St. Paul CA 73 Assn. (Aug-San Diego) Joseph 22nd Bomb Grp., 5th A.R (WWII) (Sept-Wilmington. NC) 854- bend Dr , Clark, NJ 07066 (201 ) 381 -8900 Carmona, Box 891, Palm Harbor, FL 34273 (813) Jack Clark, Box 0967. Rockledge. FL 32955 USS LST 460 (Aug-St. Joseph, Ml) George Heard, Box 54, 1633 38th Bomb Grp. (WWII) (Sept-Nashville. TN) James

Decatur, MS 39327 (601 ) 635-3227 USS Stern DE 187 (Oct-Orlando, FL) Tommy Staley 626 Gilliam, 25475 Jaclyn Ave., Moreno Valley CA 92387 USS LST 479 (WWII) (June-San Diego) Alex Gay Box E. Sandpiper St., Apopka. FL 32712 (305) 886-1480 (714) 242-3394

~~MAY 1988 57 Veterans alert~~

~~63rd Trp. Carrier Sq., 403rd T.C. Grp., 13th A.F. (WWII) C.C.A.A.R ((Glider Unit)) (Aug-Wilmington, OH) James 4th Amph. Tractor Bn. (WWII) (Aug-Big Sky, MT) Tom~~

(Oct-Dayton. OH) Aron Tobiska, 31 S, Holland St , Wixson, 316 Walnut St., Wilmington, OH 45177 (513) Veltkamp, 5707 Amsterdam Rd.. Manhattan. MT 59741 Lakewood, CO 80226 (303) 237-8995 382-4275 (406) 282-7952 74th Bomb Sq. (Sept-Tucson, AZ) M L. Crabb, Box 85, C.T.D. Class 44-D (1943) (Oct-Jackson, TN) Jim Musch, 5th Marine Div. Assn. (July-Chattanooga, TN) George Killeen, TX 76540 (817) 699-3264 2333 Richfield, Wichita, KS 67207 Joyce, Rt. 3, Box 830, Chickamauga, GA 30707 (404) 76th Serv. Sq., 70th Serv. Grp. (Aug-Dayton, OH) Cadet Class 42-X (Sept-San Antonio, TX) Franklin Lane, 931-2943 Wickline, El Hills, George 3980 Haney Rd , Dayton. OH 45416 Box 5092, Dorado CA 95630 (916) 677-3863 8th Defense & AAA Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Lake Placid, NY)

80th Ftr. Grp., 88/89/90th Sqs. (WWII) (Sept-Corpus Station Hosp. (Laredo, TX) (Sept-Nashville, TN) William Rawland Bebo, 1 Mildred Ave,, Plattsburgh, NY 12901 Christi, TX) CD Schaetfer, 4430 Eisenhauer Rd,, San Chesnutt, 1922 Theresa, Harlingen, TX 78550 (512) 423- (518) 561-7967 Antonio, TX 78218 (512) 655-1654 4036 23rd Mar. Rgt., 4th Div., Weapons Co. (WWII) (Oct- 84th Airdrome Sq. (WWII) (Sept-Windsor, CI) J E Bedford, PA) Paul Policastro, 2722 North Bend Rd., Fairchild, 22 Sorrento Rd., Wallingford, CT 06492 (203) Cincinnati, OH 45239 (513) 681 -9843 269-1784 265 (June-Pensacola, Air Force HMM FL) Dave Boatwright. Rt. 1, 85th Dpt. Repair Sq. (Sept-Evansville, IN) Albert Becker, Box 299W. Chiefland. FL 32626 (904) 493-0250 Evansville, IN 424-6001 913 Sorenson Ave , 47712 (812) Marine Corps Tanker Assn. (Sept-Oceanside. CA) Dave 95th Bomb Grp. (H) (WWII) (Sept-Cincinnati) Taylor 5th Combat Cargo Sq. (June) Merl Lehenbauer, RR, Box Zaslow, 817 Raintree PL, Vista, CA 92084 (619) 758- IN 753-4452 Thurman, 3255 Cart Rd , Richmond, 47374 26, Ames, OK 73718 (405) 0614 314th Comp. Wing, 5th A.F., HQ & HQ Sq. (June- 5th Liaison Sq. (Oct-Myrtle Beach, SC) Floyd Whitney, 86 Marine Detach., USS Missouri BB 63 (1947-51) (Oct- Dayton, OH) Bob Kindell. Box 35372, Louisville, KY Middlegate Rd., Briarcliffe Acres, Myrtle Beach, SC Alexandria, VA) B.H. Cain Jr., 706 Old Bridge Rd.,

40232(502)459-1121 29577(803)272-1162 Brielle, NJ 08730 (201 ) 528-8106 317th Air Serv. Sq. (Oct-Ft, Wayne, IN) George Dion, Box 8th Photo Recon. Sq., 5th A.F. (Oct-Burlingame, CA) Sid VMB 614 Sq. (WWII) (Oct-Boston) Walter Dean, 1303

1067, Clarkesville, GA 30523 (404) 754-7342 Chalupa, 324 Highland Park Dr., Kelso, WA 98626 (206) Overlook Rd. No , Tuscaloosa, AL 35406 (205) 752-5844 319th Bomb Grp. (WWII) (Aug-Seattle) Robert Cowan, 425-0094 945- 5207 S.W 10th Ave , Cape Coral, FL 33914 (813) 12th Tact. Recon. Sq. (Oct-Memphis,TN) Paul Valentine,

2877 Rt 1, Box 270, Jackson's Gap, AL 36861 (205)825-7407 320th Bomb Grp. {HQ/441 st-444th Sqdns.) (Sept- 14th Air Force Assn. (Sept-Canton. OH) Bob Way 3123 Coast Guard 492-0952 Seattle) Stu Rowan, 108 Aspin, Hereford, TX 79045 Fulton Dr N.W , Canton, OH 44718 (216) MA) (806)364-4015 28th Photo Recon. Sq. (WWII) (Sept-Falmouth, Coast Guard Constr. Units 26/211/390 (Sept-Beach 325th Ftr. Grp. (June-Colorado Springs, CO) Dan Penrod, Skip Ott, 24 High Acres Rd., Ansonia, CT 06401 (203) City, OH) Woodrow Alpeter, Box 269, Beach City, OH 69 Keswick Ave , Pittsburgh, PA 15202 (412) 766-6190 734-3433 44608(216)756-2246 341st Ftr. Sq. (Sept-Austin, TX) Ed McCarty, 5200 Old 30th Mbl. Reclam. Repair Sq., 9th AF (Sept-Alger, OH) LCI (L) Plot. 4/10/35 (Oct-St. Louis) Harry Frankel, 2069 Manor Rd,. Austin. TX 78723 (512) 926-3608 Glenn Corder, 415 E. Smith, McAlester. OK 74501 (918) 85th St., Brooklyn, NY 11214 (718) 266-0552 345th Bomb Grp. (Sept-Norfolk, VA) August Maschke, 423-4648 SPARS (Oct-St. Louis) Pat Christy. 6331 Mardel, St, Louis,

4369 First St , Port Ml 48468 428-4633 PA) Earl Handweek, Hope, (517) 51st Air Serv. Sq. (June-Lancaster, MO 63109(314)353- 7158 351st Bomb Grp. (June-Denver) Ben Schohan, 398 Box 301, Hummelstown, PA 17036 (717) 566-0635 USCG Cutter Cobb W 181 (Sept-Homewood, IL) Wayne

, Westerville, 882-8410 (Oct-Poughkeepsie. Catawba Ave OH 43081 (614) 65th Trp. Carrier Sq. (WWII) NY) Evans, Dr Middletown, 939- 23 Conway , PA 17057 (717) 356th Serv. Sq., 42nd Serv. Grp. (Oct-St Louis) Bud Hawkey, 106 Union Dr., New Madison, OH 45346 6009 Franklyn Buseman, Rt, 2, Box 37, Goodell, lA 50439 996-3851 (513) USCGC Bibb WHEC 31 (WWII) (Sept-St. Louis) Barry (515) 587-2250 75th Air Police Sq. (Sept-Reno, NV) Kenneth Brunmeier, Bunting, Rt. 1, Box 166, Leslie, MO 63056 (314) 484- 366th Ftr. Grp., P47 (May-Boston) John Peterson, Box Box 181, Onida, SD 57564 (605) 258-2325 3428 392, Harrodsburg, KY 40330 (606) 734-7912 Grp. 1/11CCRE (Oct-San Antonio, TX) Col 92nd Bomb USS Aquarius (Sept-Norfolk, VA) Larry Pelletier, 2530 376th Bomb Grp. (Sept-Colorado Springs, CO) Bob Perry Burnham, 111 Roleto Dr., San Antonio, TX 78213 Evergreen Ave , Titusville, FL 32796 (305) 268-8572

James, 204 Summit St , Kenton, OH 43326 (419) 673- (512)342-1864 USS Calcaterra DE 390 (Sept-St. Louis) Val Hall, 25225 0337 317th Trp. Carrier Wing, HQ Sq. Only (1953-54) (Sept- Berry Ln , Veneta, OR 97487 (503) 935-4597 385th Grp. Assn. (H) (Aug-England) Allan Ft Baker Sr., 510 N 53rd St., Ft Bomb Smith, AR) Wilson USS Hunter Liggett APA 14 (Aug-Detroit, Ml) Cletes Chealander, 10491 Barbara Anne St., Cypress, CA Smith, 72903 (501 ) 452-4546 AR Smith, 3885 Lapeer Rd., Port Huron, Ml 48060 (313) 90630 (714) 761-1682 324th Serv. Sq. (WWII) (Sept-Omaha, NE) Hilmer 982-6798 390th Serv. Sq., 74th Serv. Gp., 9th AF, Team A (Sept- Nelson, 5215 11th Ave., Moline, IL 61265 (309) 764-6202 USS Joseph T. Dickman APA 13 (Oct-Asheville. NC) Ed NE) Glenn Bock, Box 11, Sherman, 14781 (June-Long Island, NY) Sye Werwa, Omaha, NY 376th Air Serv. Sq. Polakoff, 1407 Kensington Rd., Hendersonville, NC 761-6587 Merrick, L.I., 868-7868 (716) 3159 Denton Dr , NY 11566 (516) 28739 405th Ftr. Grp. (WWII) (Sept-St Louis) R.G Nolte, 9326 Mauauders) (Aug-Dayton, OH) 454th Bomb Sq. (B-26 USS LST 18 (Sept-Galveston, TX) L P Clooney, 1174 Sturbridge, San Antonio, TX 78250 (512) 684-1724 Havrilla, 1208 Margaret St., Munhall, PA 15120 (412) Joe Curtin Ln., Houston, TX 77018 (713) 686-6591 410th Signal Co. (Nov-Huntsville, AL) Floyd Logan, 461-6373 AVN USS LST 25/381 (Sept-St. Louis) Gordon Lease, 4041 W. 463 Blakebottom Rd., Huntsville, AL 35806 (205) 852- 455th Bomb Sq., 323rd Bomb Grp. (Oct-Baltimore) Mam St , Rapid City SD 57702 (605) 343-6176 8520 Ernie Trimble, 316 Merri Hunt Dr., Timonium, MD 21093 USS LST 829 (Sept-Anaheim, CA) Albert Ryzner, Star Rt. 429th Bomb Sq. (H) B17 (Sept-Branson, MO) Lawrence (301)252-0030 1, Box 206, Lewis Run, PA 16738 (814) 362-1810 LeFevre, 407 N.W. 6th St., Bentonville, AR 72712 (501) Grp. (June-Colorado Springs, CO) Rick 458th Bomb USS Rhodes DE 384 (Sept-St Louis) Irvin Blaszynski, 273-5161 Rokicki, Mae Rd., Glen Burnie, 21061 (301 ) 766- 365 MD 7060 Monroe St., Niles, IL 60648 (312)967-8232 437th Trp. Carrier Grp. (Oct-Nashville, TN) Maycan, Bob 1034 USS Samuel B. Chase APA 26 (WWII) (Oct-Nashville, 360 Walker Ave.. Greenacres City FL 33463 (305) 965- 485th Grp. (Sept-St Petersburg, FL) E L Bundy, Bomb TN) George Williams, 11319 Amboy St., Spring Hill, FL 451- 1145 5773 Middlefield Dr , Columbus, OH 43235 (614) 34609(904)686-5191 446th Bomb Grp. (1943-45) (June-Omaha, NE) G W 4589 LeRoy 1211 Union, No Platte, NE 69001 505th Bomb Grp., 313th Bomb Wing VH (Aug-Norfolk, 454th Bomb Grp. (Italy-WWII) (Oct-San Francisco) VA) William Gibson, 5214 Pierce Ave., Ogden, UT84403 Ralph Branstetter. Box 678, Wheat Ridge, CO 80034 (801)479-4885 i\/liscellaneous (303) 422-6740 679th, 703rd, 1022nd, 1536th Ord. Cos. (New Guinea/ 459th Bomb Grp. Assn. (Sept-Colorado Springs, CO) WWII) (Sept-Baltimore) Nate Frankel, 1609 Almara Cir., Bataan & Corregidor Survivors (Other Far East EX- John Devney, 90 Kimbark Rd,. Rochester, NY 14610 Louisville, KY40205 (502) 459-1051 Pows) ( Aug-Fontana Village, NC) Wayne Carringer, Box (716)381-6174 831st A.F. Supply Dpt., Wilkins Air Dpt. (Aug-Shelby 46, Robbinsville, NC 28771 (704) 479-6205 463rd Serv. Sq. (Sept-No. Myrtle Beach, SC) Edward OH) Juanita Baker, 196 S, Linden Rd,. Mansfield. OH Burtonwood Depot (June-Chester, England) Mrs. M, Ellis, 321 Clearfield Ave , Norristown, PA 19403 (215) 44906(419)525-2765 Matthews, 1901 Erskine Dr., Florence. AL 35630 (205) 539-9086 832nd AVN Engr. Bn. (July-Reading, PA) William Kratz, 5 766-6955 493rd Ftr. Sq., 48th Ftr. Grp. (Oct-Dallas) Brice Stone, Chickadee Dr, Terre Haute, IN 47803 (812) 877-2795 Camp Parks Boxing Team (1945-47) (Nov-Shrub Oak, 501 Christi, -4318 (July-Boston) Bill Ronson Dr , Corpus TX 78412 (512) 991 3912th Air Base Sq. (Wyton, 1950-53) NY) Jack Malanaphy, Box 239, Shrub Oak, NY 10588 504th Bomb Grp. (VH) (July-Colorado Springs, CO) Art Parkhurst, Box 2881, Tulsa. OK 74101 (918) 446-6400 (914) 245-3822 Tomes, 2409 Oakwood Dr., Burnsville, MN 55337 (612) 6147th Tact. Cont. Grp., 5th A.F. (Army Observ. Farragut Nav. Trng. Sta. (Everyone Included) (Sept- 435-5406 Included/Korea) (July-Lowell. MA) William Cleveland, Athol. ID) Marsden Warren, 2773 S. Dutton, Santa Rosa, 509th Comp. Atomic Bomb Grp. (Aug-Boston) William 1106 Maplewood Ave., Portsmouth, NH 03801 (603)

CA 9 540 7 ( 707 ) 546-7449 Knox, 326 Washington St., Norwell. MA 02061 (617)659- 436-5835 Ft. Carson Mountaineers Basketball Teams ((1944- 7364 Army Air Corps (Sept-Orlando, FL) William Albrecht, 46)) (July-Colorado Springs CO) Russ DeVillier, 803 N 559th Bomb Sq., 387th Bomb Grp. (M) (WWII) (Sept- 1902 Beatrice Dr., Orlando, FL 32810 (407) 295-3098 8th, Box 156, St. Marys, KS 66536 (913) 437-2310 Portland, OR) Pasquale Razzano, 10 Robin Hood Rd,, CNT Dept., Rapid City Air Base (June-Rapid City, SD) Korean War Veterans Assn. (July-Arlington. VA) Korean Suffern, NY 10901 (914) 357-5983 Leonard Travis. Rt. 1, Box 33, Thomas, OK 73669 (405) War Vets Assn., Box 12205, Baltimore, MD 21281 (301) 1073rd Signal Co., 12th AF (WWII) (Oct-Nashville, TN) 661-2455 327-2854 Warren Renner, 15666 49th St, No., Lot 1152, Clearwa- Spectre Assn. (May-Hurlburt Field, FL) Spectre Assn., Nat'l Counter Intell. Corps Assn. (Sept-Newport ter, FL 34622 (813) 536-1302 PO Box 707, Mary Esther, FL 32569 (904) 243-6084 Beach, CA) Frank Gorgie, 881 Dover Dr., Ste. 25, 1126th, 1399th MP Co. AVN (Sept-Gettysburg, PA) Edgar Victorville 524th Sq. (Sept-Minneapolis, MN) Walter Newport Beach. CA 92663 Greenawalt, 20433 Amberson Rd., Spring Run, PA Kodytek, 7008 2nd Ave So., Minneapolis, MN 55423 Nat'l Organ, of World War Nurses (Aug-Louisviile. KY) 17262(717)349-2564 (612) 869-3371 Ethel Redfield. 569 S. Main St., Red Lion, PA 17356 (717) 1794th Ord. S&M Co. (Aug-Amarillo, TX) John Merritt, 244-9132 700 Maple St., Dimmitt, TX 79027 (806) 647-4366 High Sch. (1947-54) (June- Bradley Field (WWII) (May-Windsor Locks, CT) Helen Nat'l 'Yokohama American Marines Indianapolis) Bob Slade, 5655 Guard Hill Ln,, Indianapo- Snyder, 1463 Boulevard, W. Hartford, CT 06119 (203) lis, IN 46226 545-1900 561 -3096 (317) 3rd Bn., 23rd Rgt., 4th Mar., K Co. (Aug-Wichita, KS) World War II Marine/Navy Paratroopers (Oct-Las Burtonwood BAD 1 (1942-45) (Oct-Oklahoma City, OK) 651 - Vegas, NV) D E. Severance, Box 1972, LaJolla, CA John Bado, 3432 N.W. 51st St., Oklahoma City, OK C.N. Brown, 5909 E. 13th, Wichita, KS 67208 (316) 73112(405)942-3127 0309 92038

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Inositol. 50mcg Nutradec for 3.89 of Any Size Myadec* 130 List Items you wish here: B12.Biotin.50mg.Paba.400 to a Family Stress 600 Stress Tabs* 600 60 for 2.89 meg Folic Acid OUANTITY SIZE NAME OF PRODUCT TOTAL PRICE 500 for 6.95 B.E.C. with Zinc Z-BEC* 60 for 2.89 50 1 89 for 12.49 n I 11 combines itia ( ISO TABLETS 2.4S 1000 'r=r' lot I Limil One KA T| _ liigheit ttbor sourcos 300 TABLETS 4.50 N291 Expires 5/31/88 ^'^^LJ I" »v»rY Hblot r~ I PCH goo TABLETS 7.aS U 250 for 7.98 N291 Expires 5/31/88 OAT BRAN TABLETS OAT BRAN CEREAL MMl ORDER COUPON 100 for $1.10 500 (or $4.75 1 Lb. for $1.10 3 Lbs. $2.85 CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM iootabs1.25 250 for 2.50 ALOE VERA MAIL ORDER COUPON T JUICE HERBAL LAXATIVE TABLETS 100 FOR 49« Shipping charge (disregard If order exceeds $1 5.00) $1 00 100 Tablets 1^' COD LIVER HERBAL DIURETIC 500 for 6.50 Shipping charge lor Pedal Exerciser $3 00 Aloe Vera has been known, SATISFACTION TOTAL AMOUNT J ALFALFA Tablets 100 Tablets 49* 500 lor 1.95 GUARANTEED used, and trusted since the ! OIL dawn of man's history The i Aloe Vera leaves are hand fil- i CAPSULES GRAPEFRUIT DIET PILL .00 .or lift 9.85 leted to insure that all the de- ! If you check liere. add $3 00 for sriipping and 5 ACIDOPHILUS Capsules 100 for 1 SOO for 8.75 FREE sirable properties are retained ! PEDAL mail your order by May 31.1 988. vie ll include without the Aloin and Super Potency 500 H/ICG. j 100 Tablets 1*" 500 for 6.25 EXERCISER your FREE Petal Exerciser I bitterness VITAMIN B12 ! Limit One SUGGESTED USE Two' of Any Size POTASSIUM 100 Tablets 1" SOO for 5.00 ounces with each meal ! to a Family TABLETS PRINT NAME . Quart $2.98 Gallon $9.95 Multi 9 VITAL 500 for 5.29 100 Tablets 1*' 500 for 5.49 ADDRESS Minerals MINERALS 1000 for 9.88 VITAMIN CITY A 89* for 4.1 S N291 Expires 5/31 N2gi Expires 5/31/88 Units 500 /88j ^ 25,000 M © I9U NUnmON HDQS. FACTORY DIRECT CLOCKS cut off. The total cost was $7.6 billion, and every bit of it went down the drain. AND FURNITURE VULNERABIUTY So the way it stands now, we can't even Do-lt-Yourself Continuedfrom page 34 defend one missile silo, let alone one Kits or Assembled American. and Finished • Grandfather Clocks, Mantel and Wall Clocks Qb It has often been suggested that passed amendments that required the • Cabinets, Chests, Tables, SDI be used as a bargaining chip in Chairs, Desks. ..and more! United States to abide by the treaty in • 3/4" arms negotiations with the Soviets. Solid Black Walnut, the strictest interpretation. Cherry, or Oak Do you agree? • Heirloom Quality We should scrap the ABM Treaty, No. Never. Arms control is about • Solid Brass West German giving the required six months' notice. A Movements and Dials limiting weapons, and SDI is not a This treaty stands in the way of what • Money Back Guarantee weapon system. SDI is a fundamental should be our paramount concern: pro- Kit Prices change in policy; it is a policy that says tecting Americans. Starting at $89.50. we will defend ourselves.

Q. According to the ABM Treaty, Qa Does America's scientific com- the United States is allowed to place munity generally feel that an SDI 100 anti-ballistic missiles around system is feasible? Washington. Why haven't we done Just by reading the newspapers, that? The Soviets have built a missile A SFMD $1 FOR one would conclude that a lot of 40PAGE defense around Moscow. r>Hf—Q FULL-COLOR scientists don't believe that it can be WJU-/ CATALOG Soviets never did agree with RThe done. A lot of scientists say it can't be the theory that they shouldn't be EMPEROR done perfectly — and, of course, they able to defend their people because it CLOC K ( ()M1?\>^ are correct. But many scientists are World's Largest Manufacturer of Grandfather Clock Kits might provoke the United States. But Dept 2700, Emperor Industrial Park philosophically opposed to the idea of Fairiiope, Alabama 36532 • Phone 1-205-928-2316 we agreed, and we deployed 100 anti- defense in any form, and they try to I am interested in ballistic missiles at Strategic Air Com- Do It Yourselt Kits Finished Clocks Finished Furniture hang some scientific trappings on their mand headquarters in Grand Forks, Name personal beliefs. N. D. We did this to protect our missiles. Street Several prominent scientists signed But even the MAD buffs admitted that City the Union of Concerned Scientists' defending Grand Forks was not a good state Zip letter of opposition to SDI. Do you idea, and after four months funding was know who signed it? Botanists, geneti- cists, biologists and others whose fields of expertise have nothing to do with anything related to SDI. TWO NCW50UUTI0NS FOR The best way for ordinary Americans to view SDI is this: There are scientists

who say that we can do it; there are MAUBUiDKR CONTROL scientists who say that we can't. For every Wilbur Wright there always has been and always will be a "Wilbur Wrong" who's willing to say, "This thing will never fly." But remember that some scientists said we never would land a man on the moon; others believed that the atom never would be split. Unfortunately, those who doubt that SDI is possible have the greatest political backing at this time.

deploy SDI? Conveen® Drip Collector Conveen® External Catheter Qb How soon should we Let's do it as soon as possible. That For light to moderate loss control. and Contoured Leg Bag A of decision should have been made This compact pocket fits comfort- For moderate to total loss ofcontrol. long ago. But until the decision to get The leg bag fills evenly and noise- ably and attaches to undershorts SDI out of the laboratory and into the lessly through unique channels and or Conveen Net Pants. Its moisture- defense industry is made, our main drains through a simple clamp clo- proof lining provides 100% security energies will be focused toward man- against leakage and odor. sure which snaps shut to prevent ufacturing better offensive weapons. leakage. The moment that this nation decides by to deploy SDI, we can look ahead and CONVEEN* ask whether more Midgetman missiles ll\IO. are necessary. Do we really need 500 MX missiles'? The answer is obvious, Write today forfree product samples. since at that time we will have a system Specify Drip Collector or Contoured Leg Bag. that protects us from nuclear attack — 5610 W. Sligh Avenue, Dept. AL Tampa, FL 33634 a defense that defends.

~~60 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE 31 ''This Is NOT A... Frying Pan Nationally Advertised Scandinavian Dry Cooker For Only... $Q959~~

~~DRY FRYING REVOLUTIONIZES COOKWARE~~

As part of an enormous nationwide publicity campaign, to prove that we have the absolute lowest prices available in the nation, the giant new home shopping club "USA Buyers Network" will offer one million of its most expensive fat and calorie free culinary systems — the famous nationally advertised Dry Cooker, for the unbelievable publicity price of just $9.95 only to those who write to the company address (below) before Midnight, June 30, 1988. Not $50, Not $19.95 - Incredible Offer For Only $9.95! cooker is the answer you've been waiting for to start you on your way to a slimmer, trimmer, healthier you! Similar culinary systems have been nationally advertised by others on Tongue Tantalizing Treats! television for double our price. In Try the dry cooker on hot dogs and they'll taste as if fact, would think that high you a The Secret they've been barbequed over a hickory fire. Dry cook culinary like this The exclusive Internal Cooking Tower tech system vegetables and you'll notice an incredibly wonderful forces super hot air to circulate rapidly would sell for well over $50. But throughout the heating chamber to give difference from boiling or steaming — your vegetables during this nationwide publicity you the same effect of frying without will be bursting with color and vitamins! You can even campaign, you don't pay or fattening oil! $50 the grease and dry roast nuts or bake potatoes. With a little imagina- half that the even much. You pay tion, the possibilities are virtually unlimited. incredible low price of just $9.95!

But this offer is for a limited time and only available through THIS Remember, the Dry Cooker with exclusive Internal Cooking all of flavor of crisp frying with none of the nationwide publicity campaign if you respond before the deadline Tower gives you the above. fattening grease or calories! No wonder this is the most popular selling sold this giant new home Enjoy Delicious Fried Food and fastest cookware ever by Without Fried Food Calories! shopping club! These Nationally Advertised Dry Cookers will not be sold to any Just imagine what it would be like to eat all the fried foods you wholesalers, dealers, or retailers at this price. They are only love without the fat, grease, cholesterol, and calories that your available through this special publicity campaign for a limited body can do without. Cook up your favorite French Fries in this time. There is a limit of two per address at this price, but re- high tech dry cooker, and you'll have a delicious, crispy, low (2) quests that are mailed early enough (before June 25) may re- calorie snack that's sure to satisfy even the fussiest of eaters. quest up to five. Each Dry Cooker is covered by a full one year (Remember, a whole potato has just 90 calories when its NOT money back guarantee. deep fried!) TO ORDER: Send your name, address and $9.95 for each Dry It's hard to believe, but that's still just the beginning! Four pieces Cooker you are requesting. Add just $3 for shipping, handling, of deep fried chicken cooked surrounded by boiling oil actually and insurance (no matter how many units you are requesting). soaks up more than 1/4 cup of oil — that's over 500 calories! Visa and MC users please supply Account No., Expiration Date, Put chicken in the dry cooker and it's surrounded only by and Signature. (Virginia residents add sales tax). Allow up to 60 naturally flavored super heated air. Now you can enjoy that days for shipment. Mail to: crispy fried chicken you love without worrying about the ugly fat and calories you hate! If you're one of those people that can't USA Buyers Network, Dept. DC1662 seem to stick to even the simplest of diets because you hate the One American Way, Roanoke, VA 24016 taste of those bland foods you have to eat, this miracle dry ©DMV, INC. 1988(1863) CLEAN UP YOUR PROPERTY Got a Minit? WEAPONS OF SPACE CUT Make Continuedfrom page 41 TALL WEEDS AND ^a Button!^ with BRUSH to destroy Soviet missiles just as they IN $2695 enter space. In June 1980, the Penta- In just a "minit" you can enter gon's Defense Advanced Research Proj- Itie fast and easy, fun and IMPOSSIBLE ects Agency reported to Congress that profitable world of button- PLACES making witfi Badge-A-Minit it had the technical capacity to produce MADE Tfiese 2Va " plastic coated the first copy of a missile-killing, IN USA buttons are fun to make, fun to wear and easy to space-based laser by November 1986. sell flea markets, at Such a laser would generate such in- fairs, conventions or sporting events Supply buttons for community events, tense heat that it could destroy missiles HANDLES TOUGHEST CUHING JOBS businesses or cfiurches. in about a second. —Including saplings up lo diameter. For $26 95 you get a tiand field press, a set of 5 COMMERCIAL aUALITY-Self-propelled assembly rings and enougfi designs and metal parts Neither Congress nor the administra- to make 10 buttons To order additional button parts sickle bar mower used by Rental yards and tion has followed up on the possibility see the catalog included witti every order. Highway departments. Order today or send for a FREE catalog Call of building space-based lasers, but the 1-800-223-4103 (In IL 815-224-2090) BEST VALUE—Costs over $100 less than technology is available. So is the tech- expensive advertised homeowner models Badge_A_Minlt, Dept. AL-588. 348 North 30th Rd., nology for building thousands of small COMPARE BEFORE YOU BUY Box 800, USalle, IL 61301, Phone 1-800-223-4103 (In IL 81S-224-2090) space-based rockets called kinetic-kill " Dept. 6085 Send me the Badge-A-Minit Slaner Kit lor only $26 95 plus vehicles, SI 75 shipping (IL residents add si. 68 tax) or KKVs, which would smash N. Pascal 170 . VISA (MasterCard into rising missiles. The guidance sys- St. Paul, MN 55104, 612-644-4666

Card No . SENDFOR_FREE_LITERATURE TODAY tems being touted for KKVs today are Enp Date modifications of air-to-air missiles catalog 3 Yes, send me FREE information including factory C I am not ordering now. but please send me a FREE designed years ago. direct pricing, models, and special savings plans. 20 Name — Name The existence of a defensive layer Address _ whether it is composed of KKVs or Address City first-generation lasers, or both — City State Zip would impossibly complicate a Soviet attacker's planning, and would so "thin out" any attack that our ERIS and ter-

minal layers could possibly handle it. How well would these weapons per- Now. Save money form? It is impossible to say. Much would depend on how many of them we on instant support built and how quickly we built them. The surest way to make a weapon obso- for lete is your legs! to waste time in building it. The Soviet Union is not wasting These fashion-right hose can put bounce in time. While we have only the compo- your step, as they put money in your pocket. nents of an terminal de- Stock up now, and save. We cut out the middleman, and deal in AEGIS-HEDI huge quantities. ..so w/e can pass the savings on to you. fense, Soviet production lines are deliv- These are top quality support hose, that gently support and ering a comparable terminal defense massage your legs v^rith each step you take. Helps you feel great all through your busiest days in luxurious comfort. So system, the SA-12, to Soviet forces. good, they are guaranteed for five years. Order now and save. While we agonized over ERIS, the spy FOR MEN AND WOMEN. ITEM 6402-606 Edwin Harper sold some of the techni- Sizes: Medium (Shoe sizes 6-10) Large (Shoe sizes 10-13) cal papers on the subject to the Soviet Available in Black, Navy and Brown. Union. When the Soviets get such things, they use them. 5 YEAR GUARANTEE! Reg ^3«Cpr NOW buy 4 pair As for space-based lasers, the If tfiey prove unsatisfactory anytime in ttie next 5 years, we'll replace them wilti a and you get 2 pr. FREE! Soviets plan to launch one this year and BRAND NEW pair. Cheerful refund of the label it a Mars probe. As usual, the purchase price, less postage and han- 60 dling, within 30 days. Just return with ..that's pair 6 United States is ahead in technology sales slip. 52 at less than a pair but way behind in reaping its military benefits. gigs J. DeVfey, Inc. oept 82289 Check type of payment: M. Today the United States is enmeshed

38 St. Johns PI., Box 3020, Freeport, N.Y. 11520-0800 PREPAID. I enclose I check or money order in a fruitless debate over whether pro- Please rush item 6402-606 1 pr. for $3.65 for total amount. Order I 6 pr. for $15.40 (Save $7.70) jected technological advances can meet C C.O.D. 1 enclose $5 deposit. the requirements I of the program. Now! SAVE MORE! Less than $2.30 paid SDI sllefTax CHARGE TO: |n 12 pr. for $27.50 (Save $18.70) p„s, & Handling $3.00 Visa The only important question, that re- Shoe Size Color Just fill JQ^^^ I IvIasterCard mains, however, is: Shall we build the

i Ms. Mrs. Card No. best defenses we can with what we've in this .; ti/lr (Print) _ Address got, or shall enemy missiles continue to coupon. I Expires City -Zip- have free rides? i O 1987 J. M. Devrey, Incj

~~62 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE — — . .~~

I make people into LOTTERYMUIOJiAIRES Note: Millionaire listing is fully documented, certified true and available for inspection Now I want to make you and99 others Millionaires too. Using my easy Win System, liundreds of people across the U.S. are winning their State Lotteries AGAIN AND AGAIN AND AGAIN. Because you're reading this, it's your turn: LET ME GIVE YOU THE WINNING FOR YOUR STATE LOTTERY

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it winning numbers me. I actually developed a Lottery Winning System. It's smart people able to get hold of my System— use LOTTERY WHEEL— which is able to "pick" the so easy for anyone to vnin v»lth, my System has made and make real Lottery money again and again and (all ot them) lor the particular State Lottery Game t play I under- it OBLIGA- headline news around the country again. They ALL won their State Lotteries not just stand you will give to me WITHOUT CHARGE" OR TION However, in return I promise to notily you as soon as I have once— or twice— but THREE OR MORE TIMES. IN- (I've been written up in the most important publications in my lirst $100,000.00 CLUDING THREE KNOWN WINNERS WHO HIT won the U.S.— The New York Times, The Wall Street Jour.ial "Although Ihere is for this Lottery-Winning System, you THEIR STATE LOTTERIES 60 TO 216 TIMES no charge and Newsweek as well as interviewed on popular TV are asked to PLEASE ENCLOSE $1 to help cover postage and — APIECEII Talk Shows such as "Good Morning America.") handling

~~Now I want to give 1 00 other people a chance to win big Name . The fact of the matter is, I have cracked the State Lottery in the Lottery too. Game. Address —~~

That is why I have published this notice. And why I will be Because you're reading this, you personally are invited releasing a limited number of STATE LOTTERY City Slate .Zip_ to crack your State Lottery Game. (It's a snap with my WHEELS without charge. / want 100 people to become I'll (or Lottery I play: System.) Here's what send you FREE*— so you con Slate Govt ) t^illionaires. You are to be one of them. But you must become an immediate Lottery winner: respond to this notice without delay YOUR STATE LOTTERY WHEEL YOUR WHEEL IS FRIENDS & FAMILY To get your complimentary STATE LOTTERY WHEEL Send a FREE Slate Lottery Wheel to (he lollowing ABLE TO "PICK " THE WINNING NUMBERS—ALL OF postage and handling ) THEM— FOR YOUR PARTICULAR STATE LOTTERY return this free' coupon right away (I enclose $1 tor each person for First Class

BECAUSE IT INCORPORATES MY SYSTEM. (Why am I doing this? Because I have all the money 1 need. Frankly, this Is my chance to become the most Name I know for sure my System works. famous woman in America. To l>e known by mil- — Address How I I here's what do know? System . . When tested my lions—as the woman who beat the Lottery . and / happened: won the State Lottery 72 T/MES WITHIN A enabled others to beat it too. Since I don't need the City, Stale, Zip - Lottery:

YEAR!! money, I am giving away my STATE LOTTERY WHEEL for free.*) Name When I put my System in the hands of certain other people, the following took place: Address STATE LOTTERY WHEEL 1 . Mr and Mrs. Richey of Michigan used my System City, State. Zip 1 ntlPry i and IMMEDIATELY won their Michigan LoHery IS YOURS FREEf THREE TIMES IN 10 DAYS for $1,110,198.00. The result of hundreds of hours of mathematical 2. Kenneth W. Hagins of California used my System research and computer development. The pur-

AHHrocc 1 and IMMEDIATELY won his California Lottery 43 pose: To enable you to win your State Lottery TIMES (taking In over $1 00,000.00 In a single Lot- immediately upon receipt. r.lw QiafQ 7in tery win). alive at the time of his disappearance. USERS! Future Marines are going TRIMMER CONF. "back to WASH. the basics" next fall, according to Continuedfrom page 50 Marine Corps Commandant Gen. Alfred Gray. At a national-security briefing. Gray told Legionnaires that beginning next October, all Marine Lenker, chairman of the Legion's recruits will go from boot camp to Veterans Affairs and Rehabilitation infantry school before they are trained Commission. Lenker said that although in other occupational specialties. "I the proposed FY '89 VA budget calls will not be part of any program that

for a modest increase, it also calls for a does not have every Marine fully pre- significant decrease of about 2,400 VA pared to defend himself and to defend medical workers. others. This is non-negotiable with One way to ensure that veterans have me," Gray said.

~~a stronger voice in government is to If America's National Guard is pressed~~

elevate the VA to Cabinet status, VA into action, it also will be ready, prom- Administrator Thomas K. Turnage told ised Lt. Gen. Herbert Temple Jr., chief Legionnaires at the VA&R Conference, of the National Guard. Temple said that which was held concurrently with the the National Guard constitutes 10 of the Washington gathering. The Legion has Army's 28 divisions. pressed for upgrading the agency to Other conference highlights included Cabinet level, a position that is increas- a report on the AIDS epidemic by Dr. ingly gaining support on Capitol Hill. Peter Fischinger of the U.S. Public National Security Commission Chair- Health Service. Auxiliary leaders also man Roger A. Munson told conferees were briefed on issues facing America's that proposals to slash $33 billion in aging population by Social Security defense spending would mean hard Commissioner Dorcas Hardy. Gary times for all military branches, but also Bauer, special assistant to President This Revolutionary New would sink the Coast Guard's war on Reagan, spoke on the importance of DR^"^ Trimmer/Mower illegal drugs entering the United States. families to the nation's future. Coast Legionnaires and Auxiliary mem- • Rolls light as a feather on two "The Guard has announced BIG WHEELS! that its drug-interdiction program will bers also took time to honor and recog- Far less strain on be reduced 55 percent because of $100 nize those who have contributed to arms, back, million in cuts," Munson said. "We improving the lives of others. body and know what the results will be if this is The American Legion Auxiliary Pub- nerves than hand-held allowed to occur. lic Spirit Award was presented to Fire trimmers! Much "You must tell legislators to 'Just Say Chief James Roberts of Midland, safer to use. No' to these proposed cuts," he added, Texas. Roberts accepted the award on • Powerful 4-cycle engine requires NO borrowing the slogan that First Lady behalf of his department, which led the GAS/OIL MIXING! Special EXTRA- HEAVY nylon cutting cord. •PRECISION TRIMS - Nancy Reagan uses in her nationwide effort to rescue "Baby Jessica" from an under and along fences buildings, drug-abuse campaign. abandoned well last fall, while an anx- gardens, borders! 'Also MOWS WET The fates of Americans who did not ious nation watched on television. GRASS, tall grass, waist-high weeds, return from the Vietnam War were dis- CIA Director William Webster brambles, etc. - WITHOUT CLOGGING! • MOWS ROUGH AREAS, plus over and cussed at the POW-MIA Open Forum, accepted a belated 1987 Distinguished around rocks, roots, stumps, under initiated by Comer. Legionnaires heard Service Medal from the Legion. Webster hedges, WITHOUT WORRY - has no steel from a number of speakers, including was unable to accept the award at the blades to bend, break, or dull! •SAVES representatives from the National San Antonio national convention in DAMAGE to costly riding & walk-behind Secu- mowers! Lets you mow & trim problem rity Council, National League of September. areas faster, easier than ever before! Families and the Pentagon, and Rep. Rep. Edward Boland received the "Pound for pound, the best piece Thomas Ridge of Pennsylvania. Legion's Distinguished Public Service oj equipment we ever bought!" Ridge, who had just returned from a Award. The Massachusetts Democrat, - Uoyd A. Ccstarc. trip to Hanoi, said he believes that the who has served in the House since RD 1. Perkaalc. PA

Vietnamese government is "warehous- 1 953 , was recognized for his leadership Please mail coupon below ing" about 80 sets of remains. He said and for being "an architect of sound for details! TODAY cornplete that when he pressed the Vietnamese public policy." Rep. Silvio Conte, also YES! Please rush complete details of 5 for answers, one top-level official of Massachusetts, received the Legion's the Revolutionary TRIMMER/MOWER g" DR responded: "Lying is bad diplomacy— Leadership Award for his commitment - including prices , models with and g but we do have our secrets." to national security. Conte, a Republi- without ELECTRIC STARTING - and § Retired Army Gen. Robert Kings- can, has served in the House since Off-Season SAVINGS now in effect! | N a me g ton, who was in Vietnam with presiden- 1959. >• Address S tial emissary Gen. John Vessey last Raymond Lawson of Ambington, summer, said the Vietnamese govern- Mass., was honored as the National City 8 investigate Commander's Hospital Volunteer of State ZIP i ment has promised to 70 "discrepancy cases," instances in the Year for his tireless work as a Mail to: COUNTRY HOME PRODUCTS .

~~Rd. I which the U.S. government has every volunteer at the Brockton VA Medical Dept. A4905 . Box 89, Cedar Beach Chariotte.Vr 05445 (802)425-2196 I reason to believe that a serviceman was Center. D~~

~~64 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE .~~

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Acct. No. Exp. Date Signature _ ) 19KJ, Fiberfah huernaiumal ****************************** * * * * — Advertisement * * * * USA IN THE BIBLE * * * * OUR NATIONAL SEAL Every symbol from the Bible. * * On our money "In God we trust." In our National Pledge * * "One Nation Under God." Churches cover our land. * * Christmas, Easter and Thanksgiving honored by millions. * * Every session of congress opens with prayer. * * Jesus said in John 10:27: "My sheep (Christians) hear My voice, * * and I know them, and they follow Me." * * THIS PRAYER, 11 Chron. 7:14, IS FOR AMERICA, A NATION OF DESTINY * * * * If MY PEOPLE, which are called by MY NAME, shall humble * * themselves, and pray, and seek my face, and turn from their *

wicked ways, then will I hear from heaven, and will forgive * * their sin, and will heal their LAND. * * * * 30 DAY FREE OFFER Your Heritage Information Packet * * YOUR HERITAGE, P.O. BOX 161 00, SAN DIEGO, OA 92116 * * Founder Bertrand L. Comparet J.D., D.D. * * * *** ************************ ****** * AMERICA'S FOREMOST LANDMARK ARMS CONTROL Continuedfrom page 25

restrictive and unjustified way. Some members of Congress have adopted the VIETNAM VETERANS MEMORIAL WALL same interpretation, based on the tes- • SIZE), POLISHED BRASS, 22K ALL PINS (ACTUAL timony of Nixon-administration offi- PLATED • SILK SCREENED, COLORSAS SHOVW, EPOXYCOATED Mail Check or Money Order to: cials who purportedly withheld from MEMORIAL WALL $4.50 CHAINED EAGLE $3.00 Anderson Associates the Senate the fact that the Soviets did DOUBLE FLAGS POW $2.50 3220 N Street, N.W. I not share their narrow interpretation of NAM SERVICE PINS $2.00 each Suite 344 SHIPPING CHARGES INCLUDED the treaty. Ironically, it was the Soviets 30 DAY DELIVERY Washington, DC 20007 in 1972 who refused to rule out space INQUIRIES WELCOME MADE IN USA BYVETERANS testing of ABM systems based on exotic technologies. But when zealous Amer- ican negotiators went New 2 -hour before the VALLEYl Senate, they said nothing about the Blockbuster Video Soviets' persistent refusal to accept * Soviet build-ups in Central America testing restrictions of the sort that Mos- and the Pacific Mexico Basin cow now seeks to impose. * United States Government complic SOVIET Much of the opposition to SDI is STRATEGY * The International Terror Network * Liberation Theology based on the notion that a perfect HM THE CONQUEST Of * A whole hour on just South Africa defense is impossible and that a "leaky" defense would still let enough Soviet ORDER FROM: Check or money order enclosed. missiles through to destroy the United Patriot's Corner Charge my: Visa MasterCard States. But this overlooks the strategic 5082 Womack Avenue AccL Mo essence of defenses: They can prevent Acworth, GA 30101 Exp. Date an attack from succeeding and thereby Signature can help deter it. Even a 50 percent- $25 postpaid 1(404)975-0186 VHS Shipped unless Beta specified effective defense would destroy any Soviet strike by ensuring that much of our retaliatory force would survive the attack. For this reason alone, we should The ''OPP-LAWN" Mnwer proceed with the SDI program. But there is another compelling A t LASrL.M machine that reason for going forward with SDI. We must find some way to protect our- makesyarnentireproperty selves against the accidental launch of a mare useable, accessible ballistic missile or against a small attack mounted by some lunatic who ana bea&tifuli Product available in Canada manages to get hold of a few ballistic If you have over an acre of land, the missiles. To remain defenseless is TRAIL BLAZER®Sickle Bar Mower is dangerously shortsighted. Those who believe so fervently in and the the perfect "off-lawn" mower for cutting MAD danger of strategic defenses should ask grass, weeds, even light brush of any Powered themselves whether we should live in wheels height in all types of terrain. do the wooden houses without fire insurance, • Amazingly fast!... WORK! because that, in essence, is what they

cuts 1,500 sq. ft. of overgrown are insisting that we do. weeds in under 5 minutes! 39" wide "scissor- • Blaze nature trails for action" blade walking, hunting, skiing, snowmobiling. 317 TAPS Garden Way Mfg. Co. Dept. A835 • Enhance the beauty of Taps Notices mention, whenever possible, those 102nd St and 9th Ave., Troy, NY 12180 your place by clearing unsightly suckers, Legionnaires who have held high national or department office in the Legion or the U S government, or who have vines and bushes. YES! Please send me your FREE Catalog on attained other forms of national prominence. how the TRAIL BLAZER Sickle Bar Mower can • Have a safer place, too! help me unlock the full beauty and enjoyment of my Clarence B. Fielden, NH Department Commander property...plus details on prices, models and savings Department Vice (1945-46). ...without fire hazards, driveway blind (1946-47). Commander now in effect! LeRoy E. Freese, lA Department Vice Commander (1980- ivies, or spots and poison oaks sumacs. 81). NAME. John E. Hughes, IL St. Louis Caucus, Founder's Society Harry J. Palmer, HI Department Commander (1955-56). For FREE Information Package Department Vice Commander (1951-53). CaU 1-800-453-3900 Ext. 835 Roy W. Riegle Sr., KS Department Commander (1946- 47). or Mail This Coupon TODAY! Orval T. Shonk Jr., HI Department Commander (1980- 81), Department Vice Commander (1961-63; 72-73; 76- 78; 79-80).

66 AIVIERICAN LEGION IVlAGAZINE marines in port would be relatively easy 12s promise to be deadly against U.S. targets for Soviet first-strike warheads. submarine-launched missiles, and the DETERRBVT With that ratio, the Soviets could assign United States currently appears to have Continued page 29 from five or even 10 attack submarines to no response.

~~trail each Trident from the time it leaves So thanks to Soviet foresight, even~~

port, keeping it in a box from which it the highly accurate MX, Midgetman cannot readily escape. and D-5 will not change the strategic warheads? The Soviet arsenal has long Finally, analysts of Soviet missile picture very much. The Soviets will be since passed the limit of any reasonable capabilities note that the Soviet inter- able to place our important assets at nuclear force aimed solely at deterring cepting missiles, the SA-12s, are small risk in the 1990s, but we will not be an American attack. If deterrence were enough to be placed on ships. If those able to place theirs at risk. By the time the main goal of Soviet military plan- missiles are armed with nuclear the new American weapons are ners, they would have created a rela- warheads, they may be very effective in deployed they will be vulnerable to tively small force of ICBMs, as the destroying our submarine-launched Soviet attack, and all Soviet targets of United States did, and placed most of ballistic missiles while they are still in prime value will be either readily mova- their resources in second-strike their boost phases. Nuclear-tipped SA- ble or deeply buried. weapons, such as submarines and bombers. About 84 percent of the U.S. arsenal consists of second-strike weapons, which are either too inaccu- rate on submarines or too slow on bombers and cruise missiles to use in a Authorized Liquidation first strike. With the Soviets, it was the other NATIONALLY FAMOUS HOME SHOPPING CLUB way around, since 58 percent of their Medical Research and Space Age Technology Prove You Can warheads are on ICBMs— fast, accurate missiles that can be used in a first strike. RID YOUR PET OF This critical asymmetry between the United States and the USSR in num- FLEAS TICKS bers of first-strike warheads is masked & by the total number of warheads in the IN 15 two arsenals. The U.S. strategic arsenal STARTING SECONDS! has a total of about 13,000 strategic Two years of testing by Scientists, Veterinarians and nuclear weapons, in the form of ballis- Kennels has proven tliat Pet Shield works to rid your tic-missile warheads, bombs and cruise pet of fleas and ticks starting in just 1 5 seconds after missiles. securing the collar, and surrounds your pet with a The Soviet arsenal has a total of blanket of protection from head to tail. about 11,000 strategic nuclear Pet Shield emits intense ultrasound waves that drives fleas and ticks weapons. But the USSR has a first- from your pet without harming or disturb- ing him. No smelly, dangerous chemicals strike arsenal; the United States does or powders. It is water resistant and inaudible to humans and all not. The difference can mean curtains breeds of dogs or cats. Space age electronic technol- for America. ogy and a custom microcircuit all make this the most In the 1990s the United States plans effective pest eliminator your pet could possibly have to deploy larger numbers of accurate and it won't damage his skin as other collars might. warheads on the MX and Midgetman RETAIL ICBMs, and also on a radically new, • Safe and Effective accurate submarine-launched missile • Veterinarian Tested called theD-5. HOME • Water Resistant But thereby hangs a sad tale for U.S. SHOPPING CLUB • No Poisons or Chemicals defense planners. The USSR already • U.S Patent #4,669,424 has taken steps to negate the effective- NOW ONLY • A Blanlcet of Protection ness of the D-5— as well as the MX and For Your Pet the Midgetman— by putting its newest $ig75 ICBMs on trucks and flatcars. Unfortu- nately, the new U.S. missiles are almost worthless against targets that can be quickly moved a few thousand yards HOME SHOPPING CLUB An American Stock Exchange Company down the road. Symbol HSN YES! Please rush me In addition and contrary to the con- Qty. Pet Shield(s) #105 at only $19.95 plus $2.75 postage and handling ventional Qty. Special model for cats #108 $19.95 each plus $2.75 p&h wisdom, the submarines that Qty. Additional sets of batteries #107 $5.00 per set add $1 .00 p&h will carry the D-5 missiles are vulnera- Enclosed Is $ PL, VA res. add sales tax. Charge it: DVISA MASTERCARD HAMEX DISCOVER ble. The USSR now has more than 200 Card # Exp. Date attack submarines, but only 10 to 12 Signature Name U.S. Trident submarines carrying the Address D-5 missile will actually be at sea at City . State any given time in the 1990s. Sub- CALL TOLL-FREE 1 -800-848-2929 © 1 988 HSNMO Inc

~~MAY 1988 67 (~~

tank to rescue a buddy. As he was pull- MAKE UP TO ing his buddy to safety, the tank was hit SHRAPNEL by a rocket, and he died in flames. "Ze"" an HOUR Continued from page 47 When he found out that his best friend had been killed, Doug was already in Vietnam. He immediately lOfFOUY-BELMWtralmd have tiiccMileil ki lliit fMClnattng wrote to his parents, saying that if any- Mlhlgiily|i

opportunities been was wmmNever before have money-making so tears stain moving through the darkness to great tor qualified Locksmiths Now lucrative regular lock and key business has multiplied a ttiousandtold as the window of the airplane rescue a wounded soldier when a flare mjllions seek more protection against zooming cnme Yet there's only one Lockstnltti lor every 17,000 peo- on the runway. was ignited — either from a plane or by ple! Tram FAST at Home — Collect CASH PROFITS Right Away You re in business ready to earn up to It has not rained the point man — and on the illuminated $26.00 an hour a tew days after you begin Foley- Belsaw's shortcut training Take advantage of today's in LAfor months. battlefield he was immediately spotted unprecedented opportunities in Locksmithing for year- round EXTRA INCOME in spare time — or lull time in a It rains today. and shot dead. high-profit business of your own Hundreds we've profes- After losing his friends, trained have done it So can YOU! All tools plus Gary sional Key fylachine given you with course These plus to leave practice materials and equipment, plus simple, illus- I have had decided Colorado State Univer- trated lessons, plus expert supervision, plus business- TOD/(V! sity enlist in building guidance will enable you to KEEP THE MONEY 20 years and the Marines. On Sept. COMING INI Ideal lor retirement — good jobs, too 30 DAY NO 30, 1968, Gary and the rest of Com- SEND FOR EXCITING FACTS — NO OBLIGATION! RISK TRIAL now PRO KEY MACHINE YOURS TO KEEP pREE AU SPECIAL TOOLS pany F came under a heavy barrage of AND Eauil>MENT to reflect on this Tills mactiiriB can add up to IKCLUDED fire in Quang Nam province. Gary S200 a montli to your in- madness. come, .it won't cost you witti youi detected the bunker of the a penny eitra A}id it is where much training. FOLEY- BELSAW INSTITirrE firing was coming from and moved FIND OUT ABOUT ff always the same. 6301 EOUiTABLinD., DEn11419 RUSH COUPON TODAY UNStS CITV, MO 64120 Linda Phillips Palo close so he could fire directly into it. He

There is NO MlGATION NO SALESIVIAN Will Call -ever I was killed, and like Doug and Billy, he FREE FOLEY-BELSAW HVSTITIJTE 6301 received the Silver Star for heroism. EQUITABLE flO , OEPI 11419 Bill was a medic. Four months after KANSAS CiTV, MO 64120 put her for PLEASE RUSH FREE BOOK "Keys lb Your future' he arrived in Vietnam, his mother had a Linda emotions on hold

~~the 1 1 years. cry; she nightmare. "Bill was in a fire, and he next She did not became numb. Then in 1979, she got a was calling me," she said. It turned out~~

AODRESS . to be the night he died. On March 4, job as a secretary for Francis Ford Cop- CITY-STATE-ZIP 1968. Billy Mason ran into a burning pola, who was completing a movie called Apocalypse Now. Not long after starting work, she sat in Coppola's screening room and saw the movie. She The Affordable was overcome. CENTURY ward- MOBILE HOME COMMUNITIES A Winning "As soon as the helicopter sound was Communities all over the room, I thought, 'This is what were hearing.' I'd think of of Florida they them running out there under that YOURS FOR: sound, so afraid," she said. When she got back to her apartment, she cried and . PERMANENT RETIREMENT cried. LIVING Shortly before her high-school reun- . SECOND HOME ion in 1985, she visited the memorial. LIVING "It was difficult to leave," she said. "It . INVESTMENT was like saying goodbye to someone AT $17,900! HOMES you love. But I felt like I had closed one — not to forget them, but the door Century Communities offer you a wide range of Fun-in-the-Sun choices in new mobile door living, home including 6 communities with . . waterfront living and marinas ... 6 of rage and anger was finally closed." communities with golf course living ... All communities have large clubhouses . . . heated

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I Learn about the choices along with the advantages avail- AU 14 Communities are Your slab said they gave you a Purple able as Florida's largest provider of new I to you offered by Developed and Operated by Heart — for dying. Well, this letter is a ! mobile home communities Purple Heart living. I thought it might —CENTUR y— MAIL TO: for 647-1581 mean more to you. Tlie paper is a giftfivm Choice locutions include Ocul;i, CENTURY COMMUNITIES AL-5 (813) P.O. Box 5252 . Lakeland, FL 33807 — she loves purple. She's I.eesburg. Wildwood, lampa-Planl my daughter City. Winter Haven. Lakeland, Name IOV4 years old and heautifiil, and someday Haines City. Sebnng. Eustis, Zeph- she'll have a first love, too. I hope he has Street Address yrhills. Ft Myers and Pine Island. your kindness and humor. City State_ Zip_ This advertisement is not an I'm still tr\ ing to sax goodbxe. Goodbxe.

~~offering to New Jersey residents. I Phone #87DA(MSS2 Hella Carole Ann~~

~~68 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE " — .~~

They met in the back row of the 1st Inf. Div., S-4 (rear), 1st Engr. Bn. Carl E Brittain band. She played the drums; he played needs witnesses to verify a claim that while stationed at COMRADES IN DISTRESS Dian Base Camp, Vietnam in 1968, he loss the use of his the tuba. Gradually, their friendship right hand. Contact CID 1155 Readers who can help these veterans are urged to grew into first love. Rick left for St. do so. Usually an eyewitness statement is needed in A Btry., HOW Bn., 8th Arty. Robert Lee Johnson needs support of a VA claim. Cloud State College in the fall and gave witnesses to verify a claim that while stationed at Notices are run only at the request of American Legion Scofield Barracks, HI in 1960-61, his right |aw was Carole his high-school ring. By the end Service Officers representing claimants, using Search for swollen from having a tooth extracted and didn't go Witness Forms available only from State Legion Service of October, though, she decided to give down. Contact CID 1156 Officers. Please contact CID (number). The American it back. Telling him was one of the har- Legion Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206 dest things she had ever had to do. 272nd Inf. Rgt., G Co. Bernard Klein needs witnesses to verify a claim that while stationed at Ft. Dix, NJ in Oct. He accepted her decision with grace. 1st Bat., 22nd Inf., 4th Inf. Willis McNeley needs witnesses to verify a claim that while stationed at An 1954, he collapsed while on the hfle range and was taken to Ft. Dix Hospital. They remained friends, wrote regularly, Khe, Vietnam in 1969-70, he suffered from serious back Army Contact CID 1157 and even saw each other every now and trouble. Contact CID 1152 2nd 508, 82nd Airborne, C Co. Vito N. Fiore needs then. Carole has never forgotten that D Btry., 3rd Rgt. Joe B. Baker is seeking witnesses to witnesses to verify a claim that while stationed at Ft. verify a claim of his medical condition when discharged Bragg, NC in Aug. 1979, he suffered illness declared Rick forgave her and remained kind to from Ft. Bliss in 1959. Contact CID 1153 manic depression. Contact CID 1159 her though she had hurt him. After attending college for about a year. Rick came back to Minneapolis to work until he was drafted into the WHY RENT CABLE WHEN YOU CAN Army. He made Carole promise to write him in Vietnam, and she agreed. But during the next nine months she BUYATVSATEUITE never heard from him. Then it was too late. Rick was the point man for his pla- toon when it was ambushed on Oct. 27, 1968. He provided a spray of fire so his buddies could take cover. He was shot in the stomach and died of pneumonia in a hospital two days later. The Army awarded him the Silver Star. Carole visited the Vietnam Veterans Memorial with her husband and children in October 1985. Not long ago, she made another pilgrimage — this time to the touring replica of the memorial — and left another note for Rick. The next evening, she came back. At the base of Rick's panel was an envelope addressed to her. The • VIEW OVER 200 CHANNELS The best EVERYTHING YOU unsigned note said: book of its . . . FREE. 50x MORE THAN WANTTOKNOW "Dear Carole: I did come home — in PAY CABLE SYSTEMS kind to SATELLITE TV the hearts and minds of each of the show you ABOUT • HIGHER QUALITY PICTURE • Colorful, exciting and up-to-date. living. Every man and woman who how you Shows how easy it is to get in on the AND SOUND THAN CABLE can get the came back brought a part of me. I have revolution in television viewing. right system • Uses friendly, simply written language talked to you with their voices • VIEW WHAT YOU WANT and at the right -with over 200 photos and illustrations. FROM DISNEY to XXX loved you with their hearts. Don't be price. • Saves you money selecting your system and planning your own home • Ivlovies • Cinemax • HBO • Sports Network scared, for I am always with you. I will • Disney • Arts And Entertainment • Movie ONLY earth station. always be there in the still of the night. Channel • TV From Around The World • Guides you through all the channels • Shopping Networks • Financial News Network and programming so you'll be an Be still; listen; you will hear voice." my • News Network • Super Stations • Erotic expert "bird-watcher" in no time. In the silent, almost-holy atmos- Entertainment • Playtjoy Channel • X Rated • Even shows you how to Fantasy • Unrestricted Netv«3ri< $095 UNSCRAMBLE the Scrambled phere, she it read over and over and over (You Can Lock These Out When You Want) Signals Legally! again. THERE'S SOMETHING EXCITING UP THERE ...FOR ANYONE Why pay $39 or more, each month for just 21 channels when you can have 100 or more channels for ]usl pennies a month. 30 DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE SATELLITE TV, Dept. 612 (615) 242-0930 300 IMcCann St. Nashville, TN 37210 YOU CAN EVEN RENT ' Please rush me the Basic Guide to Satellite TV for only $9.95. Add $2.00 for postage and handling. A SATELLITE SYSTEM I

~~Enclosed is my check or money order for $ , AND GET CREDIT FOR I «=*^3rge to my VISA MasterCard. YOUR PAYMENT^ WHEN | EXP. YOU PURCHASE II j ^^01 NO DATE. And now local ordinances do~~

~~not apply. The government I NAME ruled that local ordinances cannot restrict a dish—We'll I ADDRESS even tell you where to lease a I "Well, so much for the microwave system for less than cable CITY~~

~~with an option to buy it. hairdryer. STATE. ZIP.~~

~~I^AY 1988 69 .~~

~~Bum approach corridor for U.S. ICBMs from RED SHIELD the missile fields in the Western states.~~

~~Work part time, full time — Continuedfrom page 29 It also could detect the launching of right at home — we help you every step of the way. missiles from U.S. submarines in the~~

it. . No doubt about . as a small engine- Bering Sea. The Soviets say that the pro, you can cash in on the huge de- Krasnoyarsk radar is for tracking space mand for qualified men in one of Amer- ica's fastest growing industries. You'l what it is, a first strike by the United objects, but its design makes it almost be able to command top hourly rates of from' States is increasingly useless for that $25.00 to $30.00 per hour — and that's just improbable. U.S. purpose. The CIA for labor. defense planners are not worried about called the Soviet claim "preposterous." Plenty of business waiting (or qualified men. 65,000,000 Small Engines Are In Use Today! how well the Red Shield might block a Some analysts said the network of That's the official count from the Engine Service Assn., and U.S. first strike; they are concerned nine Soviet radars is intended for early one-million new engines are being built each month. With about deterring a Soviet first strike. warning. However, the radars' size and Foley-Belsaw training, you can soon have the skill and knowledge to make top money servicing these engines. For that purpose, American planners power go far beyond early-warning rely on the threat of destroying the requirements. They have sufficient Soviet Union in a retaliatory second range and precision to pick up oncom- strike. Against this U.S. retaliation, ing U.S. warheads as they approach the carried out with the weakened and USSR, figure out which target each diminished forces that might survive a warhead is headed for, and alert indi- Soviet first strike, the Soviet Red Shield vidual Red Shield sites to send up inter- could be exceedingly effective. ceptor missiles. In fact, they have all the Professional Tools and EqulpmenI PLUS 4 hp Engine Concern about the intensity of Red properties of battle-management All YOURS TO KEEP ... All al No Extra Cost. Shield preparations increased last year radars designed for an ABM defense. NO EXPERIENCE NECESSARY! You don't need to be a 'born mechanic' or have any prior with the discovery of three huge "bat- The Soviet radar network, combined experience. Lessons are fully illustrated ... so clear you tle-management" radars, each the size with the facilities for mass production can't go wrong, and with our famous 'learn-by-doing' method you get practical 'hands-on' experience. of two football fields, in the western of strategic defense components, will rFoley-Belsaw Institute, 6301 Equitable Ri)..--=rTl USSR near Poland. When they are com- give the Soviet Union the ability to set Dept. 51445 K.C., IVIO 64120 I W» YES, please up a nationwide Red Shield in short send me ihe FREE booklet thai gives lull di pleted around 1991, these radars will I ' tails about starting my own business in Small Engine Repai

I understand there IS No Obligation and that Nd Salesman I close the last major gap in a network of order, whenever it judges the moment call on me I nine radars ringing the USSR. to be right for an overt breakout from 1 NAME The well-known Krasnoyarsk radar the ABM Treaty. According to intelli- I ADDRESS- is part of that network. It monitors gence reports, that could be in the early • CITY- 2,000 miles of the USSR from central 1990s.

|_STATE_ . ZIP. Siberia to the northeast, as well as the Any one of these activities should concern the United States, but the PRO SHOE ensemble is even more menacing than STRETCHERS 88 the individual items are. COST $10.00 NOW SALEl AND MORE! ONLY $5 If the Soviets have enough accurate missiles to wipe out most of the U.S. TOO-TIGHT SHOES? nuclear force in a surprise attack, and if they have sufficient missile and air WORKS THREE WAYS TIRED, ACHING FEET? defenses to handle our ragged • W-l-D-E-N-S SHOES response, they will not be deterred by for perfect fit Don't Throw Away That Favorite the fear of retaliation, the • Has "trouble spot" because Pair of Shoes . . . Here's Overnight Relief! attachments-Makes room United States will not be able to for corns & bunions retaliate. • Custom Fit Your Shoes

STRETCH TIGHT SHOES RIGHT WHERE THEY HURT! COLLECTOR'S ITEM Save money . . . Save your feet . . Avoid expensive trips to the shoe- copies of the widely maker. Unlike ordinary "shoe trees", EXTRA Stretcher actu- the Professional Shoe Deluxe quality acclaimed Constitution issue of ally widens shoes. A great way to "break ) Lasts for years Legion in" a new pair, or to custom-fit any shoes The American Maga- that are just not roomy enough. Terrific health- zine are still available. Already a and-comfort aid for anyone with corns, bunions, collector s item, the September 1987 calluses . . . The special attachments stretch the SATISFACTION GUARANTEED-MAIL TODAY! exact spot that hurts. HANOVER HOUSE, Dept. HHZ-6180 issue is for sale at $2 per copy, plus Bldg. #3, Hanover, PA 17333 MEN'S & LADIES SIZES-FITS RIGHT OR LEFT FOOT $1.50 postage and handling. Special Yes-Please rush my Protessional Shoe Strelcher(s) Superb cobbler quality . . . Expandable "foot" as indicated below, on full money-back guarantee. with metal handle and plastic snap-in attachments. rates are available to posts, depart- Men's Regular (Z362350) Ideal for all the adults and teenagers at Men's Large (Z362368) ments and individual Legionnaires your house. Ladies Reg. (Z362376) who wish to order bulk quantities for So easy to use . . . Pays for itself time and time ® Ladies Lg. (Z362384) again. Just insert the Shoe Stretcher . . . Turn the One Shoe Stretcher for only $5.88 plus $2.15 special distributions and promo- .-^ handle to expand it . . . Then leave in place over- shipping & handling. night. J- TWO for $9.88 plus $3.10 shipping & handling. tional activities. -t Enclosed is $ (PA & NV res. add sales tax LADIES SIZES; Regular (for sizes up to 7); Large CHARGE IT: Discover Card VISA Send inquiries to Michael D. (over 7). MEN'S Regular (to size 9); Large (over 9). American Express MasterCard La Bonne, Editor, The American FULLY GUARANTEED—You'll be delighted—or return Acct. No. - in lull relund price (except 30 days for of purchase Exp. Date (please print:) Legion Magazine, RO. Box ship. & hdlg.). Our policy is to process all orders NAME promptly. We charge your credit card only when 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206. order is shipped. Delays notified promptly. ADDRESS . Shipment guaranteed within 60 days. Checks should be made out to The CITY HANOVER HOUSE, Hanover, PA 17333 STATE ZIP American Legion Magazine.

70 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE cannon first thing this morning. Leonard and I are running the forge, and Copies of The Free Enterprise PATRIOT we hired help to cut wood and haul it here to Patriot are available for $4 Continuedfrom page 16 keep the fire up. We hired another Indian ($6.95 for hard covers) from The a Quaker from over at named Red Runner, Book Tree, 1825 High Oak Rd., Kerbysville, a drunk named Mose (1 don't St. Louis, MO 63131. think he has a last name, or maybe he's

forgotten it) from here in Wilfred Corners, FARNSWORTH AND and a one-legged man who came by called barrel of the cannon done in about four COOPER CANNON AND Mark Crossfield. We thought that would weeks. We've been out gathering scrap iron CARRIAGE CO. meet all the regulations about being fair to from around town while we were waiting any folks who want to work on cannons. for our security clearance. People around November 17, 1777 The one-legged fellow can't do any wood here appreciated us cleaning up the town Wilfred Corners, cutting or hauling, so he guards the wood- that way. They're mighty proud to have a Massachusetts pile in the pasture across the road. defense industry like ours here in Wilfred You might wonder about why we are Corners, but Mayor Carter said that defense Major Hollis Corby piling our wood so far away. We were going industries don't pay as much taxes, he'd Contracting Officer to have the help bring it in and stack it right -heard, so he and the town council raised the T2C-3 Weapons Systems next to the forge, but Ed Crank, the guard taxes on my house to make up for any loss Weapons Procurement Branch here, said our woodcutters didn't have any they might have. Headquarters, Colonial Army clearance to enter a defense plant, so they Captain Hawkins has been coming over Philadelphia, Pennsylvania stack it over across the road, and Leonard to my house for lunch. He says defense

and I shut down the forge every hour and go industries should have eating facilities for Dear Major Corby, carry in some more wood. We weren't the Contracting Officer. We got started on the cannon today. We going to guard the wood, but Ed said it was Sincerely, would have started last week, when the letter government property and should be Andrew Farnsworth came from the Security Branch saying we guarded, and besides, the one-legged President and Program were authorized to enter the security area, fellow would show the government we have Director, T2C-3 but early in October we had a bad wind- good business practices because we hire the Farnsworth & Cooper Cannon storm that blew away part of the roof here at handicapped. & Carriage Company the blacksmith shop. We've been working We melted down about 20 pounds of iron on that until last night, but we started on the today, and at this rate, we should have the Continued Next Month

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Advertisement ing, and some of SDFs most vociferous HIGH GROUND critics are the most tireless defenders of Hearing Ijoss the status quo. They have turned what Continuedfrom page 40 was inescapable necessity at the time — Is Not A Sign deterrence based on the threat of retaliation—into a doctrine for all time, the doctrine of mutual vulnerability. Of Old Age. United States and the Soviet Union will According to this puzzling theory, we be safer in a world where defenses, are actually safer when we are defense- Chicago, 111—A free offer of special inter- rather than offensive nuclear est to those who hear but do not under- weapons, less; the threat of certain devastation in stand words has been announced by play a leading role. a counterattack guarantees against Beltone. A non-operating model of the aggression. An anti-missile defense, in Myth No. 6: It is safer to be defenseless. most popular canal hearing aid in this view, appears to be a destabilizing Perhaps the most compelling reason America today will be given absolutely attempt to deprive our adversary of his why we must move forward on SDI is free to anyone who sends for this free power to destroy us. this: We cannot forever rely on mutual model now. But the time of living under what vulnerability or Mutual Assured for it Send this model, will show you Churchill called the "balance of terror" Destruction to deter nuclear attack. how tiny hearing help can be. It is not a Yet is now passing. For the first time, real hearing aid and it's yours to keep free. that is precisely what purveyors of the technology is making a defense against The actual aid weighs less than an eighth final myth would have us do. missile attack a realistic goal. of an ounce, and it fits completely into the Criticism of strategic defense actu- ear canal. ally is a defense of the status quo. The research remains in full compli- These models are free, so we suggest threat of offensive retaliation has SDIance with the 1972 Anti-Ballistic you write for yours now. Again, we repeat, helped keep the peace for four decades. Missile Treaty, which bans nation- there is no cost, and certainly no obliga- Because technology offered no hope of tion. All hearing problems are not wide defenses. But the idea of defense alike a defense against a nuclear-missile and some cannot be helped by a hearing and the doctrine of mutual vulnerability attack, no alternative to "offensive aid but many can. So, send for your free are ultimately incompatible. Eventu- deterrence" existed. But the pace of model now. Thousands have already been ally, we will have to choose. The fate of technological change and the prospect mailed, so be sure to send your name, ad- strategic defense may prove to be the of a "defensive deterrent" require us to dress and phone number today to Dept. most important question that comes 14320, Beltone Electronics, 4201 West rethink doctrines that guided our before American political leaders in our Victoria Street, Chicago, Illinois 60646. strategic policy in the past. lifetimes. Offer not valid in California. New ideas rarely get an objective hear- There is no question that SDI is a formidable scientific undertaking. But while the work is difficult, the progress we have made thus far is promising. Rid Your Property Research spans the full spectrum of the technologies needed to field and support a strategic defense system, including: of Unsightly Brush Pilesl • Energy sources. SDI is making progress in reducing energy needs and in ...with the Amazing TROYBILT® designing durable, multimegawatt Turn a mess like this... TOMAHAWK® Chipper/Shredder! power sources for space-based sys- • It's a powerful Chlpper...handles big 3 tems, as well as the advanced cooling branches up to ' in diameter with ease! systems needed to operate them. • It's an efficient Shredder...tums almost • any organic matter into perfect mulch Miniaturization and materials. and compost instantly! Advances in this area reduce costs and • Revolutionary New Compact Design...? maintenance problems associated with ways better than bulky "old-style" putting systems in space. Just as the chipper/ shredders! first computers, which filled entire • Professional Quality...designed, sized rooms, can today be matched by pocket- into beautiful FREE mulch and priced for the homeowner! size systems. SDI researchers are mak- in less than one hour! • 3 Model Sizes...for small suburban lots or big country properties! ing great strides in miniaturizing strategic defense Also available in Canada components. They

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iVIAY 1988 73 WIND DIRECTION AT A GLANCE than our own. U.S. experts who are TSAR WARS trying to meet U.S. SDI requirements Continued 43 from page do not view the job as being easy, even with our advanced technology. Our military doctrine does not support a

first-strike attack; it instead focuses on satellites will have to be retrieved, deterring one through the threat of a transported to a space station and re- successful retaliatory response. Soviet paired in orbit. military doctrine explicitly plans for a In contrast to U.S. plans for such first strike. A much smaller, less-capa- space capabilities, the Soviets have ble defensive system would be needed demonstrated operational or test to fend off ragged retaliation from the capabilities. These capabilities are six United States. This less technologically to 10 years ahead of U.S. efforts. The daunting system is within the range of

eighth Soviet space station, the Mir, is future Soviet capabilities. WEATHER VANES add the finishing touch to your country home! Perfect for your garage, farm or ranch continuously manned by crews that In some circumstances, the Soviets too. Ornamental as well as useful Precise wind remain in orbit for a year or more. The might need an even smaller defensive direction at a glance. Balanced arrow on friction free bearing responds to slightest breeze' Made of station is designed to be expandable. A system. Imagine that it is 1994, and the aluminum with baked vinyl coating for rust free care with Gold ornamental ball Complete with mounting space station with a large crew of satel- Soviet Union is trying to gain a 27" bracket and screws Arrow 23 long Support high lite technicians would need a modest monopoly on space-based defenses, in Crowing Rooster or Galloping Horse space-shuttle fleet merely to transport order to tip the geopolitical power bal- Reg. $19.95 - NOW $16.95. the personnel. ance decisively and permanently in its for limited time, ONLY $3 shpg Send a check or M U lb aay money back guarantee The U.S. government has been ex- favor. Suppose that the Soviets had part For a color catalog ot uniquely beautiful weathervanes and art metal home decor, send $i 00 pecting for some time the first launch of of a system up — enough to give them '''8 "^P'- W. Lake uni OT I the Soviet shuttle, which is remarkably good, but not superior, protection nULoT, Inc. Box 370. Tawas City. Ml 48764 similar to our own, but without the against retaliation — and that the failure-prone strap-on solid rocket United States, through self-delaying boosters. Also unlike the U.S. version, debates, had not yet deployed its first this shuttle is designed to be used as an SDI satellites. unmanned launch vehicle that could The Soviets could announce that put 200 tons of payload into orbit — they would protect the world from nu- hundreds of satellites — just what the clear attack and would not countenance Soviet Union would need to launch in a another nation's having the same capa- reasonably short period of time. The bility. Any Soviet system good enough first test flight of that mammoth boost- to stop even one missile launch, let er, the Energia, already has occurred. alone a hundred or so, could enforce To get failed satellites back to one of such an edict, since U.S. space-based several space stations, the Soviets SDI elements would have to be would need a small one-man space launched one at a time through an exist- These little farmers are warming hearts in rural homes across the country! Thousands of large (14" x 18"). full- plane, attached to a large fuel tank. The ing Soviet defensive screen. color posters of this picture have been ordered across the U.S. Now you, too. can order one of the posters for just Soviets have been test-flying a small The only U.S. options at that point $3.00 plus $1.25 shpg WALL PI^OUE gives our full- color poster picture a gleaming, quality finish that'll last a space plane since 1982. An orbiting would be to execute a first-strike attack lifetime Full-color picture of our "Two Famous Farmers" its IS mounted on 14" x 18" wood base, then sealed with Energia easily could carry vast quan- of own through a Soviet defensive plus shpg acrylic for lacquered effect. Only $12.95 $2 85 tities of fuel and serve as a space- screen — unlikely, given U.S. and Send Check or M O 20 day money back guarantee. — relin- uniCT IMP Dept. AP-58B. 1118 W.Lake station tank. In addition, the strap-on Soviet strategic doctrines or to HOLST, INC. Box 370. Tawas City. Ml 48764 boosters for the Energia appear to be quish control of space to the Soviets the right size for launching periodical and await the day when the U.S. deter- replacements for the few satellites that rent becomes meaningless. One can could not be repaired in orbit. easily imagine the political realign- A reasonable person might thus con- ments that would swiftly occur follow- clude that the Soviets are now putting in ing the choice of either option. place the system they need to support a What can we do to prevent this? A near-term ground- and space-based wise man once said that evil flourishes ballistic-missile defense system. Just when good men do nothing. We must before the 1987 INF Treaty summit, act now to educate our citizens about Mikhail Gorbachev admitted for the the peril that we will face if we do not End Annoyance of "slippery" first time that the Soviet Union is de- do some smart things in space quickly. eyeglasses! veloping, but will not deploy, just such We must work to elect a President and a

New! Opti-Grip keeps specs in place, ends the push- a system. Congress in 1988 that support the fund- up game you play all day with your glasses. lust one drop on either side of the nosepiece forms a clear, invisible, skid- Are Soviet space-based ballistic- ing for an early deployment of SDI. all Ends the use of proof film, that stops sliding day. interceptors their as- of the long lead times in- unsightly pads or plastic that pinches Ideal for outdoor missile and Because more important activities where your hands must be tree for sociated sensors — the hearts of the volved, if we do not do that this year, things than adiusting eye or sunglasses. Resists perspiration, Hypo-allergenic, and non-toxk, washes off easily. Bottle system — good enough to accomplish we will be betting our freedom on the lasts about a year.

Only S6. 95 -I- SI p&h: twotor$12.95 -f- SI 45p&h, their tasks? I believe that the answer is cessation of Soviet progress in space or money back guarantee. Send Check or lyl,0, 20 day "yes," although one must assume that on the good will of its leadership.

~~Dept AG-588 , 1 1 18 W Lake HOLST, INC. Box 370, Tawas. City, lull 48764 the Soviet mission would be less taxing Neither occurrence is very likely.~~

~~74 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE )~~

ing. Only totally independent groups of FOREIGN POLICY Soviet citizens could provide reliable CLASSIC PISTOL Continuedfrom page 37 monitoring of Soviet compliance with CLOSEOUT the arms-control agreements. No matter how shrewd, suspicious or diligent NEW ORLEANS are the Americans whom we might nuclear rocket — the Soviets will take send to the Soviet Union, they would .44 CALIBER ACE care of that — and the signing of a treaty not be able to effectively monitor the PISTOL KIT on a 50 percent reduction in strategic endless labyrinths of Soviet production rockets. and storage facilities. Who on Earth would be able to insist The arms race has two pillars: on a unilateral technological solution to technological progress and sociopoliti- Famous the problem of nuclear weapons, par- cal confrontation. Without the latter, Black Powder ticularly if this would threaten such a there will be no arms race, as is the case Muzdeloader simple, cheap and elegant political between the United States and Britain. of the 1800s! solution? The Soviet leaders calculate The confrontation between com- Value! that even the most reactionary of all munism and democracy was initiated Nostalgic Rekindle times past presidential candidates will be afraid by 140 years ago, and un- communists when historic gamblers even to pronounce the sacramental term fortunately, the United States cannot of the 1800s packed "SDI." It will be political suicide to call off this confrontation by unilater- this .44 caliber pistol to keep opponents honest stand in the way of such a nuclear-disar- ally withdrawing from it. However, the Now, because of an over- mament deluge. phenomenal success of the democratic stock, you can take plea- The SDI program will be indefinitely free-enterprise system can force the sure in building and firing faithful reproduction shelved, as many other American pro- communists to abandon their struggle. this kit of the famed New grams have been. It will take many Current changes in the People's Repub- Orleans Ace black pow- years for people to realize that the elimi- lic of China are proof of that possibility. der muzzleloader. It's nation of the INF force and the 50 per- Therefore, America's strategy available at BIG savings! cent cut in strategic forces did not es- should be aimed at promoting the • Genuine Working Model of an Authentic Muzzleloading Pistol. sentially change the world situation. evolution of the Soviet sociopolitical • Replica of the Famous .44 Caliber They will realize that after all these system toward a pluralistic, open sys- "Gambler's Companion" Pistol. dramatic reductions, the world still is tem, one that has abandoned the class • Great Collector's Item and Unique dependent on the doctrine of MAD and struggle, recognized the right of a free- Conversation Piece. • Build it Yourself from Complete Metal exist, the good will of Soviet leaders. The enterprise democratic system to Parts and Machined Wooden Stock. only difference will be that both sides repudiated its messianic role toward • Easy-to-Assemble Kit for Black Powder will have the ability to destroy each other nations and instead concentrated Shooting and Display. • Handsome, Natural Walnut Grip. other not 12 times over, but only six. on cooperation with them. • Impressive 4V2" Smoothbore Barrel. The American people still will be held If we pursue our SDI program vigor- • Solid Brass Frame. Authentic Ramrod. hostage to Moscow's rationality. ously and combine it with an active • Made Entirely in the U.S.A. This scenario does not even include political role, the Soviet leaders will Warning: Not a toy. Use under adult supervision. inevitable, unavoidable Soviet cheat- have no other choice. Mfr. Ust

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MAY 1988 75 1956 and 1973, or in the Cuban missile We plan to crisis. As tension mounted, the United SILVER-BULLET States would place its forces on nuclear Continued page 31 lose money from alert. Bombers would be loaded and dispersed, the entire fleet of ballistic- missile submarines would go to sea, on this qfferl and the U.S. command structure would down markedly. These trends toward be ready to make a prompt decision greater warhead accuracy and smaller when word came that the Soviet ballis- nuclear weapons have been steady tic missiles were on their way. over several decades. Now, enter the But the conventional wisdom almost Pershing II warhead, recently deployed certainly is wrong. Why would an ad- in West Germany and soon to be versary pick such a moment as this to removed under the INF Treaty. The attack when the chances of success are Pershing II is a quantum leap beyond minimal? It would be far better to wait the technology of earlier missiles, until the crisis has been defused by because its warheads are "smart. "They diplomatic concessions, weary U.S. have computer "brains" and radar forces have been stood down from their "eyes" that view the terrain, compare alert and American leaders are relaxed what the eye sees with a map of the in the euphoric belief that the threat of target area stored in the computer's nuclear war has passed. That would be Get a genuine Brilliant memory and adjust the course so that the time to strike. it steers itself to the target. The mind recoils from the possibility Uncirculated Moigan Half the time, a Pershing II will land of the surprise nuclear attack, launched silver dollar for just within 35 yards of its target. It has been when America's guard is down, after a said, with only mild hyperbole, that the skillful Soviet campaign of deception $39 Pershing II warhead can fly through any and disinformation. Yet as Brzezinski window in the Kremlin. noted, in commenting on the develop- Why are we running this ex- Still, the Pershing II is only the be- ments in nuclear weapons in recent pensive ad offering a mint-state ginning of the new revolution in years, "One can disregard this possi- Morgan silver dollar at an ir- warhead technology. Experts see the bility only at the greatest peril." resistible low price? Because possibility of warhead accuracy com- In the heated argument over SDI, the we're in business for the long ing down to a few yards or even feet. likelihood of a first strike is one of the term — we figure that even if They forecast the destruction of mili- main issues that separate supporters of some of our ads lose money, tary targets by nuclear charges so small SDI from its opponents. Most oppo- we'll acquire satisfied new as to produce essentially no unwanted nents of SDI do not believe that the customers. And once you're ac- blast damage or radioactive fallout. Soviet Union can launch a successful quainted with the way we do At first, this trend toward accurate first strike, because they do not agree business — our strict grading, warheads and smaller nuclear weapons that U.S. retaliatory forces will be vul- prompt delivery, personalized seems to be a good thing, because it service and free research means no wholesale destruction in a reports — we hope you'll want nuclear attack and no civilian carnage. KEY LEGION RESOLUTIONS to continue with us, for the Brzezinski has pointed out another, • Res. 18: Urges Congress to authorize long term. less-reassuring meaning. development of chemical-warfare defense. Here*s the offer: When all nuclear warheads were • Res. 62: Urges U.S. government to pursue a new strategic nuclear policy. large and very destructive, he noted, a While supplies last, we'll sell • Res. 150: Urges U.S. government to nuclear first strike would have been new customers a guaranteed develop a strategy for peaceful and military use of space. "messy and unpredictable . . . not an mint-state Brilliant Uncir- • Res. 228: Supports the Strategic Defense attractive option for either side." But culated 1878-1904 Morgan Initiative. small, accurate nuclear weapons are • through silver dollar (Order #7537) for Res. 229: Supports "peace usable. They make it possible to carry strength" policy. just $39 — or a roll of 20 for • Res. 237: Supports modernizing and out a surgical first strike — a surprise just $750 (save $30). All coins strengthening the Air Force. attack that decapitates the opponent's are conservatively graded by • Res. 240: Supports development and pro- command structure and destroys most curement of C-17 aircraft. our ANA-trained experts and of his forces, leaving him "strategically • Res. 293: Urges Congress to fund improve- come with a certificate of ments in Army strategic mobility. crippled, capable of only a spasmodic, authenticity. You have a 15-day • Res. 294: Supports modernizing and disorganized and strategically aimless strengthening the Army and Marine Corps. no-questions-asked return • Supports deployment of response — or none at all." Res. 430: privilege. Limit 3 rolls. Peacekeeper and Midgetman missiles. the military planner, Brzezinski For • To order by credit card, call Res. 431 : Supports deployment of B1-B concluded, highly precise nuclear bomber and Advanced Technology Bomber. toU-firee 1-800-451-4463 at weapons make the dreaded first strike a • Res. 432: Supports procurement of F-15 a.ny time. Or send your check and F-16 fighters so as to create 40 tactical workable option. or money order to: Interna- fighter wings by the early 1990s. When would the attack come? Ac- • Res. 442: Supports modernizing and tional Coins & Currency, Inc., cording to the conventional wisdom strengthening the Coast Guard. 11 E. State St., Box 218, Dept. • Res. 454: Supports total-force policy. among American analysts, a nuclear 499, Montpelier, Vermont • Res. 500: Supports modernizing and exchange would develop out of crisis 05602. Add $3.75 postage and strengthening the Navy. escalation, as in the Mideast crises of handling per order

76 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE nerable to a surprise attack. They feel This is not true of the "point" defense that U.S. deterrence of a Soviet attack favored by some SDI critics. The Soviet AMAZING by threat of retaliation is now, and will planner, confronted by point defenses remain, highly effective. surrounding a limited number of critical FISHERMAN'S ^ Their confidence is contradicted by sites, can assign a few extra warheads to the events of the past 10 years: the new use up the inventory of defense inter- GLASSES advances in anti-submarine warfare; ceptors and be certain of destroying LET YOU the trend toward accurate, small-yield those sites. Yet he will have consumed nuclear weapons; and most important, only a small part of his arsenal. SEE THROUGH the WATER the Soviet ICBM buildup, coupled with But if he is confronted with both alarming signs of Soviet preparations space-based and ground-based defenses for an overt breakout from the ABM and feels that it is essential to be equally Treaty by the early 1990s. certain about destroying these critical As matters stand today, powerful sites, he must multiply his entire arse- congressional forces are opposed to the nal by large factors. He does not know deployment of an effective missile de- beforehand which missiles in his arse- fense in the 1990s. Apparently, they nal will be shot down, so he cannot get simply do not feel that the United States through the defense by allocating a few Now you con cut thiroughi GLARE and REFLECTION to see DEEP DOWN into water to is in danger. The SDI budget has been extra missiles to the critically important find FISH and UNDERWATER objects! See into cut to levels that have postponed its targets. swiftly running streams, deep tioles, weeds — development. A major effort is under Since the present Soviet arsenal is in LAKES, PONDS, RIVERS, or SALTWATER Higti- tech POLARIZED glass lenses accomplisti this in billion, way Congress to force a kind of com- worth about $700 beefing up miracle! FISH THE SMARTER WAY by watching pliance with the ABM Treaty— even the whole arsenal by several factors your line and lure in the water. Find those hidden UNDERWATER features TAKE though the Soviets continue to violate would mean an expenditure of many MORE FISH every trip. You can see at least 2 ft. to 15 this treaty— that prevent the criti- trillions of dollars — a prohibitively would ft. (or MORE!) BELOW THE SURFACE. Don't be cal tests of space-based defenses byLt. large sum even for the Soviet military Gen. James A. Abrahamson, head of budget. the Strategic Defense Initiative Organi- But this is true only of combined zation. space-based and ground-based de- In spite of Soviet leaders' confes- fenses. It is not true of ground-based WITHOUT OUR sions that SDI is effective and is a big point defenses alone. The Soviets can GLASSES confused by cheap plastic imitations that program in the USSR, American scien- overwhelm ground-based defenses blur your vision. FISHERMAN'S GLASSES have tists who are trying to kill SDI have around key targets at a reasonable cost, SCRATCH- and IMPACT-RESISTANT, POLARIZED persuaded some members of Congress but space-based defenses cannot be OPTICAL GLASS lenses with STURDY, BLACK ACRYLIC frames. POLARIZED side panels and that space-based defenses are worth- readily overwhelmed. point defense A top hood SEAL OUT blinding GLARE on WATER less. As a result of congressional opposi- would protect us against the accidental or SNOW. Strong ELASTIC GUARD CORD holds glasses comfortably in place. Prevents loss tion to SDI, it appears that the United launch of one or two missiles, which even for the most active sportsman. States will have no defense certainly is very useful but offers no against FISHERMAN'S GLASSES are wonderful for all Soviet missiles in the 1990s. protection against a Soviet first strike. active outdoor sports. Cuts GLARE and EYE FATIGUE. Improves your enjoyment of SKIING, That is extremely unfortunate. We've That is the main reason why the Pres- SNOW-MOBILING, TENNIS, SHOOTING, had the technology and hardware to ident and former Defense Secretary HUNTING, GOLF, BOATING. Smartly styled, place such a system into space for sev- Caspar Weinberger have insisted on a one size fits MEN and WOMEN. ORDER YOUR FISHERMAN'S GLASSES NOW - RISK FREEI Try eral years. Using satellites orbiting over space-based layer for SDI, even in the for 30 days. If not absolutely delighted, return the Soviet Union, with non-nuclear earliest U.S. defenses under considera- for FULL REFUND. Only S14.95 (+S1 postage) projectiles acting like silver bullets, the tion for deployment. —amazing value for glasses with all these features. FLOATING case (S3 VALUE) system would pinpoint Soviet The outlook for American security in ICBMs included. TWO LENS COLORS AVAILABLE: as they rose from their silos and shoot the next 10 to 12 years is not promising. GREY, ORDER NUMBER 310E15, for all around them down. Such a system would have The congressional politics of missile use AMBER, ORDER NUMBER 324E15, for dawn, dusk, and overcast days. SPECIAL a paralyzing effect Soviet first-strike — on defense and especially congres- OFFER: Buy 2 pairs for $29.90 (+32 postage) planning. It would remove the specter sional opposition to early deployment and you get the third pair AT NO CHARGEI You save $15 95! CLIP-ON STYLE FISHERMAN'S of a Soviet surprise attack aimed at of such a defense — are such that in the GLASSES offer all advantages of regular crippling our retaliatory forces. And the early 1990s, the Soviet Union probably FISHERMAN'S GLASSES to those who wear Soviet planner could not tell before- will have a lethal combination of a first- prescription glasses. (Clip-on style FISHERMAN can also be worn over your non- hand which missiles and warheads strike arsenal and a defense against polarized sunglasses to SEE THROUGH would be shot down and which would retaliation. The United States will have WATER.) Just $1 2.95 (+ $1 postage). TV^O LENS get through. Therefore, he cannot be neither. COLORS AVAILABLE: GREY, ORDER NUMBER 313E15,for all around use. AMBER, ORDER confident that Soviet missiles In these circumstances, it would would be NUMBER 329E15. for dawn, dusk, and destroy such key sites as missile silos clear that the American government overcast days. SPECIAL OFFER: order2 pairs of clip-ons for $25.90 (+$2 postage) and and command, control and communi- cannot protect its citizens from nuclear receive the third pair of clip-ons AT NO cation centers. attack and is no longer a nuclear super- CHARGE! You save $13.95! Order your FISHER- Thus, the sine qua non of a successful power. The consequences of that de- MAN'S GLASSES today. IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT GUARANTEED. first strike— the guaranteed destruction velopment, wrote Gates, would be of the adversary's ability to retaliate — "awesomely negative," for the world ORDERING INFORMATION: Fla. residents odd 6% sales tax. Mail remittance to: T. KIRKWALL, is denied him. Space-based defenses, will perceive that the United States has DEPT. E15, P.O. BOX 50428, POMPANO even if their effectiveness is limited, suffered the greatest military reversal in BEACH, FL 33074. Visa, MasterCard, Am. have a toxic effect on first-strike history, with catastrophic political de- Express accepted. Toll Free 1 -800^53^000. (offices at 2971 N.E. 27th Avenue) planning. velopments certain to follow.

~~MAY 1988 77 .~~

these, six Apollo flights landed two- man crews directly on the lunar surface. USES OF SPACE Twelve American astronauts worked on Continued page 45 from the moon during the Apollo program — an unparalleled adventure in exploration and scientific discovery shared by the entire world. The 20th anniversary world. "The record shows that the of man's first trip to the moon, the At Just 20 lbs., space program has been a major factor Apollo 8 lunar-orbit flight, will be What It Will Do in promoting American technological celebrated this Christmas. Will Amaze You! leadership in electronics and telecom- In 1973 NASA launched the Skylab munications, as well as biotechnology, space station, which housed three sets automation and robotics, materials, of astronauts for flights up to 84 days and structures," said Erasmus H. Klo- long. Much is made of the Soviet Mir man in a new study for the National space station, but Mir could fit inside Academy of Public Administration. Skylab. As important as communications Following Skylab came the 1975 and weather spacecraft are, NASA's Apollo-Soyuz mission with the manned flights and space-science ef- Soviets, and then the first launch of the forts are the crowning achievements of space shuttle in 1981. Twenty-four suc- the U.S. space program. "Space cessful space-shuttle missions drew the spinoffs" are too often used to justify nation into space as never before. Doz- manned space flight and unmanned ens of new astronauts and non-as- space exploration. "You never launch a tronauts—were able to exploit zero space mission for spinoffs," said former gravity for laboratory-type research, Marine colonel and astronaut John H. conducted 200 miles high at a speed of Glenn, now a U.S. senator. 17,500 mph. "You don't launch a mission to Venus The European-built Spacelab mod-

to obtain Teflon pans; you do it to ule, mounted in the back of the shuttle, explore Venus, to explore the un- turned the winged space transport into If your garden is less than an acre, you known," a NASA official said. "Explo- a mini space station, and research into need a big, expensive tiller like you ration, not spinoffs, is the foundation of new drugs for blood disorders was con- need rabbits. What you need is one small, precision machine that can do a the U.S. space program." ducted on several flights. Multiple variety of jobs in the garden and Manned spaceflight, like tnilitaiyflying satellites were deployed by the space

around the yard . . . quickly, easily, and flight-test operations, always will be shuttle, and a new space endeavor — neatly and economically. inherently Imzardous. However the loss of satellite repair — was conducted on two More Than Just A Tiller the space shuttle Challenger and her missions in order to fix the ailing Solar The exciting Mantis Tiller/Cultivator seven crew members on Jan. 28, 1986, Maximum observatory and Syncom 4 is changing the way Americans went beyond the normal hazards of spacecraft. garden. It weighs just 20 pounds, so flying — the Challenger accident was NASA's unmanned space-science anyone can use it. It starts with a caused by a combination of misman- missions more than 100 of them — flick of the wrist . . . cuts through tough —

soils . . . turns on a dime . . . weeds in agement and poor design of the solid have provided an equally rich harvest. and around plants, between narrow rocket boosters. Some of the especially noteworthy

rows and along fence lines . . . and A new NASA is emerging from that achievements include: runs all day on a gallon of gas! What's tragedy, a NASA that is less politicized • Orbiting astronomical obsen'atories. more, with its inexpensive attachments. and better supported by the research- Until the mid-1960s, astronomers It quickly becomes a furrower, lawn aerator or de-thatcher, a power edger, and-development efforts that led to so could only dream about putting their or a hedge trimmer! many space successes before Chal- telescopes in space, above the obscur- Full-Month In-Your-Garden Trial lenger. The space shuttle will fly again ing atmosphere. The world's first large

~~Best of all, you can try the Mantis — soon. NASA's commitment to flight orbiting observatory, OAO-2, nick-~~

~~risk free! If you don't love it, simply fundamentals is embodied in the crew named Stargazer, was launched in late~~

return it for a full refund. patch that mission commander Capt. 1968. Within 30 days it had collected Frederick H. Hauck has selected for more than 20 times more ultraviolet Call Toll Free that first accident. It imagery of deep-space objects than had 1-800-344-4030 mission since the shows NASA's insignia over a sunrise been amassed in the previous 15 years. (In PA, Call 1-800-342-0052). at Cape Canaveral. Other observatories followed. ©1988 MMC The United States has a rich manned- • Infrared Astronomy Satellite. Viewing > mmm mim mmm mm- : space-flight history that extends back deep space in the infrared wavelength Mantis Manufacturing Co. 1458 County Line Rd,. Dept. 8060 25 years. Six Mercury missions inaugu- for the first time, the IRAS spacecraft Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006 rated the manned program. They were detected what could be the first direct Please send me information on the Mantis stars, Tiller/Cultivator and the FULL-MONTH TRIAL. followed by 10 two-man Gemini evidence of planets orbiting other flights, which demonstrated rendez- planets that could support life. • il Name vous and docking, long-duration flight, Orbiting solar observatories. and the space ballet of extra- satellites also have studied Address . EVA — NASA activity. star, the sun. Between City vehicular Earth's own

~~Project Apollo flew 1 1 missions, 1962 and 1980 NASA launched eight Zip nine of them reaching the moon. Of orbiting solar-observatory spacecraft.~~

78 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE the Skylab space station and the Solar Astro- 1 ; later that year, it will send the who speaks for space," said Navy Capt. Maximum spacecraft. All of these craft Galileo probe toward Jupiter. Gene Cernan, commander of Apollo took detailed images of the seething All of these dramatic missions were 17. "Space must now be elevated in the surface of the sun and its atmosphere, planned years ago — 10 years ago, in eyes of the politicians as a program that which streams millions of miles into Galileo's case. The most serious prob- is in the national interest, and that will space. lems now are finding leaders who can require action by the voting public of • Barnstorming the planets. Since plan even more-advanced missions and America." 1962, an armada of U.S. unmanned politicians who will support funding spacecraft have been sent to the moon them. and other planets. In order to prepare The White House and Congress no CORRECTION for the Apollo manned landings, three longer support the type of planning that The premium rates listed in the Ameri- camera-carrying Ranger spacecraft led to past space successes. Severe can Legion Life Insurance ad in the were crashed into the moon in 1964-65, budget cuts threaten the development of February 1988 issue were incorrect. returning thousands of photos of the the U.S. space station, while Soviet The ad in this issue contains the cor- lunar surface. Five Surveyor spacecraft cosmonauts orbit the Earth in a perma- rect rates. Officials of the American Legion Life Insurance Plan apologize made soft lunar landings to take de- nent station of their own. for any inconvenience. tailed lunar-surface images, and five "There are real questions now about Lunar Orbiter spacecraft were put in orbit around the moon to obtain Apollo landing-site reconnaissance data. Four Mariner spacecraft have reached Mars. Viking, one of America's most successful planetary programs, later sent two landers to the Martian surface, and two Viking orbiters provided detailed photos. Mariner 10 visited Venus and Mer- cury in 1973; two Pioneer spacecraft went to Venus in 1978. One of these spacecraft dropped several probes into the Venusian atmosphere. Pioneer 10 and 11 made the first spacecraft flybys of Jupiter and Saturn in 1973 and 1979, followed closely by

Voyager 1 and 2, which provided crisply detailed images of the two giant planets. Voyager 2 traveled on to Uranus in 1986, providing the first close look at the giant blue planet; it will reach Nep- tune in August 1989. All of these endeavors have been Retirement doesn't have to mean conducted with annual expenditures the end of active duty. making up less than 1 percent of the federal budget. \t can mean a ne\N beq\nn\nq. At the NCO RetUement

What does the future hold? Plenty. Commun\tY '\n sunn^ San /\nton'\o.The V\rstû\\ sevv'\ee The first mission of the redesigned Vrfecave ret'wement community, exduswel^ ôv NCO's space shuttle will carry a tracking and and Petty 0^^\ceTs, spouses, parents, \w\cio\Ns and data-relay satellite the size of a basket- \N\do\NeTS ovev 62. m Right now, a Spec\a\ Intro- ball court into orbit, where it will make ductory Pricing Paciâge is being offered for a spacecraft communications possible limited tirr\e oniy. Fov detaWs, '\n the coupon without the use of costly satellite ground stations. be\0M\;. Or caWthe Wlarket'ing O^V\ce located In the NCOA In early 1989 the shuttle will launch National Headquarters at \-800-228-0S87, ext. 20S. the Magellan Venus Radar Mapper ""1 spacecraft toward Venus. The Magellan K E 1 1 R E M E \ T V P.O.Box3A«)55,San Avr\ton\o,TX7a2()5 (; 0 VI M I \ I T V spacecraft will use radar imaging to penetrate Venus' clouds and examine its surface. Slate Ph. In mid- 1989 the shuttle will launch the Hubble Space Telescope, a massive optical instrument that will be able to see billions of light years back in time and resolve deep-space objects seven to 10 times more clearly than the largest ground-based telescopes. Also in 1989, the shuttle will launch a bank of ultraviolet telescopes called

~~MAY 1988 79 ,~~

~~MISCELLANEOUS~~

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COLLECTIBLES INVENTORS' Confused' Need help' Call AIM tor free information kit. Toll-free 1-800-225-5800, MILITARY FLAGS, FLAGPOLES, Catalog, $2 I09L South Lucia, Redondo Beach, CA 90277, 800-448-FLAG, 213- LOANS BY MAIL 545-8233, WANTED: Nikon cameras and lenses before I960, Higham, LOANS, FAST, CONFIDENTIAL, ANY AMOUNT/purpose. Refused elsewhere' Try us! TRP. Box 245-SV, Bing- 4328 S, Union Ave, , Alliance, OH 44601 , 216-823-7465, hamton. NY 13903, EDUCATION & INSTRUCTION MAILING LISTS MISSING— Judy Dyer, 76. Last seen PRIVATE-INVESTIGATION home-study course. Free information. Central Investigation, Box I894H, Provo, UT NEW NAMES! Mixed slates. Immediate shipment. Hotline May 13, 7986, in Atlanta. Hair: brown. 84603, opportunity seekers 500/$25; l,000/$40. Others, Advon, Eyes: brown. Height: 5'2". Weight: 110 Drawer B 15, Shelley, ID 83274, Visa/MC/Amex, 1-800- FINANCIAL 992-3866, lbs. Contact Georgia Division of Youth Services, (404) 429-0465. DEBTS' BILLS' BAD CREDIT' No problem. We'll help MONEY-MAKING OPPORTUNITIES now. Applications accepted $500-550,000, Not a loan company. Free application: TCAC, Dept, AL, 400 Century Park MAKE PVC BIRD CAGES for fun/profit. Giant cages hold A public service provided by The Americarj Legion. South #117. Birmingham, AL 35226, or call (205) 979- two to 20 birds! Complete easy-to-follow instructions. Plans: 1400, $10, Better Ideas, Box 6138, Stuart, FL 33497,

~~80 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE " "~~

~~The legion shopper~~

WORLD'S SAFEST YANK! COME BACK TO NEWFOUNDLAND SAVE "THE GREAT '88 SOIREE" YOUR HANDIEST The Biggest and Longest HEART WITH A SECURITY Party Ever Held— STAIR-GUDE from May to October 1988 VKALLET STAIRWAY This Trav-Tec Security Wallet hangs from your belt, Every City and Town in Newfoundland and comfortably inside your trousers or skirt. Abso- Labrador will be celebrating 100 years of LIFT

~~lutely undetectable. Yet a simple pull and it's out Municipal Government witti special activities.~~

and ready for use. A simple tuck and it's back. Visit the places whiere you served in the U.S. COMPARE this with the inaccessibility of other com- Armed Forces from 1941-1987, and reunite stairs need not be a prob- monly used security devices — money belts, with family and old friends. See the many new lem any longer With a STAIR- that fit the armpit, around pouches or wallets under changes in Newfoundland's way of life and fun, GLIDE stairway lift just press a the waist, leg or hang from the neck; and that most and compare it to the 'good old days'. Plan to switch and glide up and down inaccessible of ail, the brassiere attachment. return to Newfoundland this summer and par- the stairs in complete comfort. No need to hide in the restroom to get what you ticipate in the 22 week long party of fun. Enjoy Saves changing your house need from the Trav-Tec wallet. the special events at the American Legion around or moving. Custom made AND IT HAS CAPACITY like you wouldn't believe-for Post 9 Headquarters, St. John's, during to fit curved or straight stairs No passport, currency, traveler's checks, plane tickets Regatta Week. Let us tell you all about the special wiring required . . . easily and more. ID'S and credit cards are held securely "Great '88 Soiree". For information, write or installed. For free details fill in the in fitted pockets. Two zippered compartments for call '88 coupon below and mail to us better organization— one for daily needs, the other Great Soiree, c/o American Legion, for items used less often. Fort Pepperrell Post 9, RO. Box 9476, St. WHAT USERS SAY John's, Newfoundland, Canada, A1 A 2Y4. Name Telephone Toll Free 1-800-563-NFLD. MARLTON, NJ-' Bought one last month. Best thing " Address ^ I ever used, send two more. HEWITT, NJ-"Excellent product. Makes great gift. City

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~~MAY 1988 81 —~~

~~The legion shopper~~

Tired of pulling Viet-Nam Veterans Beautiful Medallion with 24" chain. We'll help you starter cords? Designed and Sold by 100%. Start your power equipment disabled Viet-Nam Veterans. and stairs A Special Father's Day up down with SPIN START. . . end starter cord pulling forever! or Memorial Day Gift for $2 a day, The SP/NSWRTsystem enables • Silver Nickel $13.00 most popular engines used on • Sterling $20.00 • Gold Filled $25.00 mowers, tillers, etc. to be started or less* Postage Ineluded electrically with a 3/8" drill and • Straight, curved does not Interfere with the Viet-Nam Veteran or spiral stairways starting cord. Cold, sluggish. Box 613 - Dover, OH 44622 • Smooth, comfort- and even flooded engines 100% Guarantee start quickly and easily. able, easy-to-use f Perfect for people with Military Hat Pins; Belt Buckles; • Ask about low ^ health limitations. IA Pins, etc. Catalog - $1 .00 rental rate or POW, M ; lease Order now. Get the benefits of a battery _ T-Shirts $11.00 - Blacl^. Maroon State Size ~' '~_ • Over 50 years in start system at a fraction of the cost! public and private Each SPIN STAflTkit comes with fully illustrated, step- sectors by-step instructions for easy installation. • Wheelchair lifts Model SS-1 (S21.00)-Fits all Briggs & Stratton, Lawn- vertical shaft engines and porch eleva- Boy, Sears and Tecumseh equipped with a vertical-pull starting cord. Can also be used on tors also available. battery-start engines of the same makes. Model SS-2 (S22.50)-Fits Briggs & Stratton engines WRITE CALL only, both horizontal and vertical shaft, 2 thru 8 hp, equip- 1-C FOR FREE BROCHURE, OR ped with a side-pull starting cord Model SS-3 (S29.50)-Fits Tecumseh and Sears 1-800-782-1222 engines only, both horizontal and vertical shaft, 2 thru 6 hp, equipped with side-pull starting cord. IN Wl 1-800-552-7711 a MONEY BACK IMMEDIATE MADE IN OFFICERS MILITARY PACK The f'n-fdr m nf Mritrmi nl ' «^ GUARANTEE SHIPMENT U.S.A. To order add $2 50 S&H and send ctieck or m o to ONLY cheneyV SPIN START, 10802 E, 24 Hwy., Dept, AL P.O. Box 8688, Independence, Missouri 64054 Mo res add sales tax SS-1 Sl 20. SS-2 S1 29. SS-3 Sl 69 $8.95 Depl LE. P.O. Box 188, New Berlin. WI 53151 Manutaclured by Spectally Design Inc 30 DAY MONEY 'Based on typical straight installation at mtrs. BACK OFFER amortized over 60 months. SRP "J^ Now you can own this brand NEW military pack with 1,000 uses! Made of heavy-weight 16 oz. cotton duck that wears like "iron". Ideal size: Magnifying Reading Glasses 12V2" wide X 11" X 5" Three pockets large cargo compartment With moveable flap divider, handy outside snap pocket plus huge outside rear pocket Adjustable shoulder straps make a fine LEGIONNAIRES backpack for the outdoorsman or student Eyelets to attacfi canteen or shovel Choose SWAT black or military olive color Use 30 days,

~~money back if not pleased Only $8 95 + $2 95 delivery Order SURVIVAL 9043 Western Ave,, todayi Midwest Knife Co , Dept M-1757, S.~~

Chicago, III 60620 Our 50th year Special— any 2 packs $19 BONUS: Order now & receive a precision compass FREE! BOOT Send for your FREE Catalog today. Our postpaid. MasterCard & VISA accepted (call 312-445-6166) KNIFE 16-page catalog features 40 styles of FREE compass with order! ONLY magnifiers priced from $9.98, plus many other helpful vision aids and useful products, such as our new magnified Add $1.05 Hndl. Celebrate July 4th & All Events sunglasses and fisherman glasses. NAME CARBIDE CANNON Model BIG BOOM! K-99-A ADDRESS .iP^ ^29?^

Double edge 440 stainless CITY STATE ZIP Mammoth Cannons steel blade. Full tang one PRECISION OPTICAL Dept. 34E Shoot With Terrific piece construction. Leather Have bang-up Lincoln & 6th St., Rochelle, IL 61068 Boom! sbeatn witfi quick release time at special events. snap and metal boot/bell Uses powdered carbide ammo. Hundreds clip Money Back Guaranteed of shots for few cents. All metal If Not Fully Satislied" construction with large, rugged WESTBURY SALES CO., Dept. BK-5-AL cast iron wheels, li/lachined brass mechanism for easy PROTECT YOUR VALUABLES loading & finng. Authentic turn-of century military design. 156 Post Ave, Westbury, New YorK 11590 AND IMPORTANT PAPERS! Handsome decor when not in use. Made in USA to last a lifetime. Available in 2 sizes: 9" Cannon, $29.95 post- A Sentry Sale lor your home Is peace ot mind lor you! And paid: 17" Cannon (shown above) with rapid firing & think ol the convenience! it's like having a 24-hour sale automatic loading, $49.95 postpaid. The larger the deposit box right at home. cannon the louder the boom! Carbide Ammo, about 100 IN OFFER!!! check, money ONCE A LIFETIME • 200 pounds ol protection shots, $2.25: 3 packs for $5,95, Send mail • Burglar-resistant • U.L. Listed order or phone. Visa, MasterCard, Amex accepted by or 747-2356. Give card number & • Tai deductible • Fire-Resistant phone (8131 TABLE PADS expiration. Money back guarantee. Johnson Smith Co., • Free delivery, continental U.S. Dept. B-223, 4514 19th Ct. E., Bradenton, FL 34203. SAVE 709/6 • Lotw, low prices! • FURNITURE CABINETS By buying NOW available for 'concealed' protection fREPLICA'i WRITE FOR MODELS HISTORIC CATALOG! * FREE NON-FIRING MODEL GUNS . . . JP"' #5380 Inc. ' Safe! Full size. Zinc alloy. Realistic. Value-tique, parts. Cannot chamber or fire I Over 30 Dept. LE-999 • Box 67 , real ammo. Assembled. FREE Catalog. Psentiiy Leonia, N.J. 07605 J I COLLECTOR'S ARMOURY Credit Card Orders I 800 Slaters Lane Box 59, Dept>l L 1-800-544-3456 Exl.515 ^lexandna.VA 22313 Toll Free 24 Hre Weighl: 41 oz.

T-SHIRTS from Ei^eryiv/iere 3' 5' Mgoo Save up 10 70°= on Slore Price AWARD CASES X FLAG ALSO MEDALS & RIBBONS Brand new. top quality American 5 T-Shirts S-|19i BRILLIANT ALL-WEATHER" Solid hardwood, gunstock walnut fin- Made T-Shirts printed tor resorts, plus S2 Postage promotions, products & ish Full r between glass and black, HEAVYWEIGHT NYLON BUNTING events, S233I advertisers from all over the U S 10 T-Shirts blue or red velvety mounting txjard. SEWED STRIPES, EMBROIDERED colors in grab bag assort- plus 50 Postage 4"- Assorted S3 5"x7"-$1 8.45, S'xl (r-$23.45. 1 1 "xl ments Specify size S (VI L STARS. MADE IN U.S.A. Printed $28 45, 14''x2(r-$39.95. FREE Ship- Size XL add 40c per T-Shirt 5 BBHals 7 ping by UPS, - MAIL PMT TO; LIBERTY FLAGS U S Funds Send Ck , MO or MCI plus S2 Postage * 2606 S. SHERIDAN, TULSA, OK 74129 Visa # to R. ANDREW FULLER COMPANY Box 2071-L, Pawtucket, Rl 02861 * FOR PPO UPS GUARANTEED PROMPT SHIPMENT SPORTSWEAR CLEARINGHOUSE (Write lor Box 317748 - 8L1 Cincinnati, OH 45231 FREE Catalog)

~~82 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE The legion shopper~~

See Advertisement Inside Front Cover NAVY G-1 FLIGHT JACKET 25 - fo COOL SAVE II 85% classic favorite of World War fighter pilots and was This was a A Pairs of IVIESH 95 4 for 26.50 recently reissued to Naval aviators. This is the jacket featured in I I SHOES 19 All 5 for 32.75 4500 Wan the movie "TOP GUN." This is not a copy but is the actual GUARANTEE If tor any reason current military issue made by the govemment contractor. Available HABAND Generator I do not choose lo wear the in brown cowhide. Its features include Dynel collar, brass zipper, 265 N 9th St., Sfioes, I may return Ifiem with- Paterson, NJ 07530 knitted cuffs and bottom and double patch pockets with buttons. in 30 days lor a FULL REFUND HURRY! Please rusfi Current military issue G-1 jacket is $195.00. of every penny I paid you ITEM 6-953 pairs of Cool Mesh Sfioes

We also offer a World War II copy G-1 jacket with the original ! I Check enclosed FIND YOUR SIZE HERE: $399.99 sheepskin mouton collar. This World War II copy Is available in or Cftarge: 0 WIDTH: 6i,^-7-7i/S-8-8'^-9 Don Not Include Sbpg, brown goatskin, which was the material of the original G-1, for IVisa HMC 9VlO-10'/^-11-12-13 • Brand new. For home standby use. Run large and $265.00. The World War II copy is also available in brown ACCT. # *EEE WIDTH: ADD $1 PER distressed lambskin for the aged appearance of 100 missions EXP. small appliances. 120/240 VAC, 4000 watts (cont.), PAIR FOR 7-8-9-10-11-12-13 for $285.00. DATE: / 4500 watts (surge), 32/16 amp. Start V2 HP motor, 1.7 hr. run time {V2 load). BRIGGS & STRATTON recoil Even sizes only 38-52. Sizes 48-52 are $20.00 extra. Add $6.00 I 41P COLOR Size Widlh Quanlity start 8 HP engine. Two 120 V, one 240 V outlets. Size for shipping. CA residents add 6%. Allow six to eight weeks for BEIGE I JZ 25" X 18" X 18". Shpg. ISO lbs. delivery. No CCDs or credit card orders. NAVY CALL 800-228-3407 *** BROWN MILITARY PATCHES WHITE Burden's Surplus Center GREY Hundreds of full color embroidered patches including ships, 1015 West V" ' P.O. Box 82209-AL • Lincoln. NE 68501-2209 PRICE planes, squadrons, military units, VIETNAM, and general in- Postage 8. Handling $ 2.75 Ask For Free Catalog! terest patches for NAVY, MARINES, USAAF, USAF, USCG and 7BR-41 P EEE WIDTH ARMY from World War II to the present. Please send $1.00 for ADD SI PER PAIR our brochure of patches. Included with each brochure is a list

~~of current active duty ships in the U.S. NAVY and a list of all TOTAL Ship To . U.S. NAVY losses in World War II.~~

Street _ . Apt. # . 2" HAMPTON COMPANY, Dept. T P.O. Box 3643, Tustin, CA 92681 BE ALMOST City . State -Zip. TALLER!! I SIZES: 5-11 THE PERFECT SHOE WIDTHS: B-EEE See Advertisement Inside Front Cover FINE MEN'S FOR TROUBLED FEET BETTER-THAN-DENIM A PAIRS 3 lor SHOES 95 S44.2S Gent's JEANS 4 lor JEANS ^ 29 $59.50 Look just like ordinary shoes except hidden inside Uahonfl 265 North 9lh Street, is a height increasing innermold. Wide selection 1995 ndOdllQ Paterson, N.J. 07530 available including dress shoes, SIrl boots, sport shoes V«i Send pairs ol Jeans for which I enclose the full amount of $ plus $3 25 for postage and handling and casuals. Moneyback guarantee. Exceptionally »^ *— adjustable OR CHARGE IT: Vila comfortable. Call or write today for your FREE velcro MiitirCtft color catalog. " "MD. RESID. CALL 301-663-5111 vamp Acct # TOLL-FREE 1-800-343-3810

ELEVATORS® Q Perfect sanaais wiin aajustaoie veicro vamp, thicl< SIZES AVAIUBLE cushioned insoles and 2" incfi wedge tieels. Order W/AIST: 30-32-34-35-36-37-38-39-40-41 -42-43-44 RICHLEE SHOE COMPANY, DEPT. AL85 46--48--50--52--54- "Millie" in Wtiite, Tan, Navy or Black. One pair $19.95 BIG SIZES: 'Please add $2.00 per pair lor Big 46-54 P.O. BOX 3566, FREDERICK, MD 21701 + $3.00 P&H. SAVE more-Two pair only $35.95 Sizes INSEAMS: 8(27-28), M(29-30). L(3T-32), XL(33-34) + $4.00 P8,H. VISA and MasterCard SIZES orders, send card # and exp. date Narrow 6-12 OSA COLOR How What What or send ctieck or M O. to: Many? Size? Inuam? Medium 5-12 JACKIE'S JUNCTION, DEPT.AL-58 c TAN 7BR-05a"| Wide 6-12 I P.O. BOX 1368, SUGAR LAND, TX 77487 B UGHT BLUE (No size IOV2 FOR FAST SERVICE-CREDIT CARD « INDIGO or 1 1 V2) CUSTOMERS CALL (713) 568-0800 D OUNMHAL GRAY

Guarantee: If upon receipt I do not wish to wear the Jeans, I may return them within 30 days for a full refund of every penny I paid ATTENTION VETERANS you. AND FAMILY MEMBERS 5 Liberty Nickels Would you be interested in obtaining the history of the NAHflE_ U.S. Navy ship you served or was transported on. We STREET . -J\PT #_ have these histories for all named ships and LSTs. This 5 Different Dates

~~includes all commissioned Naval Vessels, up until Viet- CITY'STATE . ZIP. nam. These histories are typed on fine parchment paper,~~

~~and suitable for framing. We have a find a shipmate list,~~

get on it now, as thousands have done. Send $5.00 per ship history, $1.50 P & H per order Free with each order $4.90 a report of Naval Ships sunl< in W.W.II. Seaweeds Ship History P.O. Box 92 • Sistersville, W.Va. 26175 start your collection NOW TOP SECRET The Sfory of the Invasion of japan Our brochures included with order rHf COD! NAMES BTHEDAirS TAGS and your name will be placed on our rllf BtACHlS IHl UNITS G.I. DOG mailing list for future catalogs. Devastating Reading 2 for $5.95 Add 75C Postage • IN Neck chains included A BOOKLET KEEPSAKE FORM tC.Op

Need to replace yours? or use as excellent Immediate Shipment— WHO wot II (5 HAVE CONE AND WHO WOULIJ HAVt DIED. emergency identification - when we ivioney-back guarantee emboss them for you with name, address, VILLAGE COIN SHOP, INC., DEPT. A RAHOCA PUBUCAT10NS • BOX tSSS DEPT' A • OMAHA. NE UI01 phone, allergies, etc. Six lines of 16 spaces. PLAISTOW, NH 03865 Print clearly what you want. Silencers- 1 .50 RICHCRAFT, Box I25-A-8,, Kenhaw, SC 29067

U.S. MEDALS & RIBBONS (FULL SIZE AND MINIATURE) MARTIN'S 16 PAGE PICTURE CATALOG FLAGS $200 SENT 1ST CLASS MAIL $1 00 SHOULDER PATCHES, WINGS BADGES, ALL KINDS - ALL SIZES 510,000 INSIGNIA, IDENTIFICATION BOOKS, ETC PROMPT SHIPMENT CASH 48 PAGE CATALOG 800-435-5119 Ask for our colorful catalog for TOLL FREE SENT 1ST CLASS MAIL $2 00 1988 PAID BOTH CATALOGS $2 50 Write or Call Japanese IMihtar) Decorations and Oriental Porcelains QUINCV SALE 800-992-FLAG (U.S.) Also Wanted. P O BOX 700113- AL5 800-248-FLAG (Iowa) David E J Pepin—Member nbthk, Tokyo japan TULSA, OKLA 74170 BRONZE STAR AI\

~~MAY 1988 83 " "~~

~~Flap Your Wings, Rover Two yokels pooled their money and bought an expensive bird dog. They took him to the country to try him out. After several futile hours, one of them~~

said, "I'm so disgusted, I think I'll shoot him." "Give him one more chance," the other replied. "You throw him up in the air one more time, and if he still doesn't fly, we'll go and get our money back." —Louise Marty

~~Good Old Days There's one nice thing about living in the past: It's cheaper. —Ivem Ball~~

~~Gruff Greeting Sign in a travel-agency window: "Please go away." —Mary Eyged~~

The Other Guy "/ don 't get it. It was just one ofDad's golf words. Most people admire a good loser— as long as it's somebody else. —Gerald Ault Revolution-proof Beyond Reproach Don't worry about our government Two senators were having an argu- Picture This ever being overthrown. There's ment. "I resent that innuendo," said If you look like the photo on your entirely too much of it. one. "You've never heard my honesty driver's license, you aren't well enough —T.R. Lawrence questioned." to drive. "Questioned?" the other said. "I've —Lew Ferris

~~never even heard it mentioned." Head Start — Oliver E. Frazier Banlc president to young employee:~~

"All I had when I first faced the cold business world was youth, determi- Who's The Pet? nation and an aunt who left me Dismayed by the size of the St. Ber- $400,000." nard dog given him for his birthday, the —Paul Short little boy asked his parents, "Is he for me, or am I for him?" On Borrowed Time —Tliomas LaMance Sign on a New York City gift shop: "For the man who has everything, a Bad Reflection calendar to remind him when the pay- Where do clothing stores get those ments are due." trick mirrors that make the clothes —Addie Warner we're wearing look so shabby? —Ruth Conner Gotcha

"Mom," said the little boy, "can I go Self-reliance outside and play?" Middle age is that difficult time "With those holes in your socks?" between juvenile delinquency and she asked. senior citizenship when you have to "No, with the kids across the street." take care of yourself. —Martha J. Bechnan —Charles Fisher "Mommy wants to know ifit's important.

~~84 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE SHOW YOUR PRIDE IN AMERICA WITH THE AMERICAN LEGION AmericatheBeautiful STAINED GLASS TABLEAU~~

~~Issued with the United States Historical Society By~~

~~John P. (Jake) Comer, National Commander~~

J. Edgar Hoover once wrote that "Americans see in The American Legion an organization of devoted men and women, working for country above self, for service to others over selfish, parti- san, and narrow interests. This is an influence which is felt not only nationally. but in every state, city, town, and hamlet in these United States." The America the Beautiful Tableau is a powerful and dramatic visual reminder of that influence and of the importance of The American Legion in preserving our rich heritage of freedom, justice, and sacrifice. No work of art can be more meaningful to the Legionnaire than the America the Beautiful Stained Glass Tableau. It is available exclusively to members and their families. The authorized tableau captures the essence of The American Legion , . . and the true spirit of America. It is a dramatic and colorful tribute to those who have served their country and now devote their time to The American Legion and our many humanitarian projects. The tableau is a constant reminder, wherever it is displayed, of The American Legion and all that we represent. This is authentic stained glass, crafted by the same artisans who make the stained glass reproductions for major museums and galleries across the United States. They apply 16 colors, one at a time, to rolled cathedral glass. The glass is fired at 1100 degrees Fahrenheit, fusing the colors and glass permanently. Avail- able with an optional walnut base with a brass plaque individually engraved with the Legionnaire's name. ActmlSize:9'A"xl4"

Please send me the official /4mencfl the Beautiful Stained Name Glass Tableau, authorized by The American Legion. $55 each plus $5 for shipping. Includes a translucent display Address stand. Thirty-day return privilege. City State Zip I also wish to receive the walnut display stand mth person- Make Checks Payable to TheAmerican Legion. Add appropriate state sales tax. alized engraved brass plaque at $15 each, Please engrave the brass plaque as follows: Check or money order enclosed,

Charge to: VISA MasterCard America the Beautiful c/o The American Legion National Headquarters Card No,: Exp Dept. B3, Box 1050, Indianapolis, IN 46206 COOL, CRISP, TWO-TONE J SEERSUCKER By Burlington Mills^ You will be amazed that such lightweight, zephyr cool, tropical fabric could ever be made! This magnificent Two-Tone Seersucker comes straight from Burlington Mills, Master Weavers of the U.S.A.! You will enjoy the cool two-way woven s-t-r-e-t-c-h polyester, * the 100% No-Iron easy care, and the neat vertical lines that make you look siimmer and tai7er. And you'll really love the price; UNDER $15 A PAIR!

REGULAR WAISTS WHAT WHAT HOW 057 COLOR SIZE? INSEAMT MANY? 30 32 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 A TAN * BIG MEN'S C BLUE ADO $2.00 PER PAIR 46 48 50 52 54 D GREY INSEAMS E WHITE SI27-281 MI29-30I GREEN 1131-32) XL(33-341 B NOT SHOWN

~~{GUARANTEE: If for any 3.25 reason I do not choose to wear~~

~~the slacks, I may return them within 30 days for a full refund TOTAL of every penny I paid you. 7BM-057~~

~~Payment enclosed or Charge: nVisa DMC~~

~~EXP. HABAND .OATt. 265 North 9th Street 100% Paterson, New Jersey 07530 .Apt*. made In the U.S.A. .State. -Hp — lllililililllllll~~