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Home , Aedini, Aschiza, Asilomorpha, Astia, Australimyzidae, Bibionomorpha

Scientific names index

All scientific names of organisms mentioned in text, figures and tables are listed in this index. To help the user who might be unfamiliar with any name, and to provide quick access to where the organism concerned is classified, the name of a higher group (usually order or class) has been added in parenthesis. To make the index as comprehensive as possible, the semi-vernacular uses of scientific names (with lower case initial letters) have been captured as equivalent to formal Latin category names: for example, muscomorph is indexed as , triatomines as Triatominae, gerbilline as Gerbillinae, argasids as . English or other vernacular names for organisms can be found in the Subject index.

Abonnencius (Diptera) 91 Aedeomyia (Diptera) 125, 130, A. canadensis 186 Acacia (Leguminosae) 97 133, 134, 136, 140, 154, A. candidoscutellum 193 (Diptera) 60, 65, 157, 168, 171, 172, 191 A. cantans 176, 185, 186 67,69,70 A. catasticta 133, 134, 147 A. caspius 151, 161, 181, 191 Acanthaspidinae () Aedeomyiini (Diptera) 140 A. cataphylla 178 491 (Diptera) 6, 16, 55, 120, A. chemulpoensis 193 Acanthocephala 585 127, 131, 134, t36, 137, A. communis 16 Acanthoctenidae (Araneae) 138, 139, 140, 143, 144, A. cooki 166, 167, 203 664 145, 148--52, 153, 154, 158, A. cumminsii 178 (Arachnida) 38,597-658, 163, 171, 172, 173, 175, A. detritus 151, 161, 181, 186, 659 176, 178, 179, 180, 181, 191 Acaridae (Acari) 634, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, A. diantaeus 151 641-2,643 189, 191, 192, 193, 194, A': dobodurus 190 Acaridida (Acari) 600, 632, 200, 205, 206, 207, 210, A. domesticus 178 639-42 211, 212, 217, 220, 252, 301 A. dorsalis 186 A. aegypti 7, 121, 123, 139, A. dupreei 136, 184 (Acari) 600, 632 148, 149, 166, 174, 175, A. excrucians 121, 167 Acarina (Acari) 599, 609 176, 177, 178, 183, 185, A. fijiensis 203 (Diptera) 189, 190, 194, 195, 206, A. fLavescens 189 66 207, 208, 210, 211, 212, A. fLuviatilis 194 Acarus (Acari) 597 213, 217, 221 A. fulvus pal/ens 178 Achatina (Mollusca: A. aegypti aegypti 14, 149 A. furcifer 151, 207 Gastropoda) 154, 194 A. aegypti formosus 14, 149 A. futunae 166,203 (Diptera) 65 A. aegypti 'quee'1slandensis' A. geniculatus 151, 193 Actenophthalmus 149 A. harinasutai 203 (Siphonaptera) 562 A. africanus 149, 178, 179, A. hebrideus 166 Actinedida (Acari) 600, 632, 181, 193,207 A. hendersoni 151, 161 642-7 A. albopictus 149, 182, 190, A. hexodontus 151, 184 Adersia (Diptera) 321, 324 194, 206, 208, 210 A. impiger 176, 196 Adlerius (Diptera) 83, 86, 91, A. at/anticus 151 A. infirmatus 178 94, 96, 99, 107, 108 A. atropalpus 151, 176, 182, A. ingrami, 178 Adoratops.ylla (Siphonaptera) 194 A. irritans 194 552,557 A. australis 18 A. katherinensis 166 A. intermedia 544 A. bromeliae 149, 194, 207 A. kesseli 166, 203 A. intermedia. copha 557 A. campestris 186 A. kiangsiensis 203 684 Scientific names index

A. kochi 151, 203 A. vigilax vansomerenae 188 A. runatus 538, 546, 557 A. luteocephalus 186, 193, 207 A. vittatus 151, 187, 194 Amphipsylla (Siphonaptera) A. malayensis 167 A. wauensis 152 544,557 A. mariae 181, 194 A. woodi 137 A. primaris mitis 557 A. melanimon 191 Aedimorphus (Diptera) 150, 171 A. rossica 538, 557 A. natronius 182, 189, 192 Aedini (Diptera) 140, 186 Amphipsyllidae A. neoafricanus 207 Aegophagamyia (Diptera) 321 (Siphonaptera) 534, 535 A. nigripes 176, 196 Aegyptianella pullorum Amphipsyllinae A. nigromaculis 191 (Rickettsiales) 610 (Siphonaptera) 553 A. niveus 151, 203 Aepyceros melampus Ananta (Coleoptera) A. niveus group 205,208 (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) A. bicolor 585 A. oceanicus 203 370 A. decolor 585 A. opok 207 Afoxella (Siphonaptera) 559 Anaphlebotomus (Diptera) 91, A. palmarum 190, 194 Afristivalius torvus 94,95,99 A. pembaensis 181, 194 (Siphonaptera) 541 Anasolen (Diptera) 250 A. pernotatus 166 Afrocimex (Hemiptera) 488 Ancala (Diptera) 313, 322 A. pionips 151 Afrocimicinae (Hemiptera) A. africana 313 A. poicilius 151, 203, 205 488 Ancistropsyllidae A. polynesiensis 150, 166, (Diptera) 66 (Siphonaptera) 535, 536, 167, 176, 182, 203, 205 Alanstonea (Diptera) 171 552 A. pseudoafricanus 193 Alberprosenia (Hemiptera) 491, Ancylostoma (Nematoda: A. pseudoscutellaris 150, 166, 499 Strongyloidea) 424 167, 203, 205, 206 A. goyovargasi 491 A. duodenale 481 A. punctodes 151, 178 A. malheiroi 491, 498 Androctonus (Scorpiones) 672, A. punctor 167 Alberprosenini (Hemiptera) 673, 676, 677 A. rotumae 166 490,491 A. aeneas 676 A. rusticus 136 Alcelaphus buselaphus A. amoreuxi 676 A. samoanus 203 (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) A. australis 661, 663, 669, A. scapularis 202 370 676,677 A. scapularis group 173 Aleurodidae (Hemiptera) 483, A. bicolor 676 A. scutellaris 150, 166, 167 484 . A. crassicauda 675, 676 A. scutellaris complex 165, Alouatta (Mammalia: A. hoggarensis 676 194 ) 207 A. mauretanicus 676 A. scutellaris group 166--7, Alphavirus (virus) 208 Anisolabis (Dermaptera) 589 176,208 Amalaraeus (Siphonaptera) (Diptera) 64, A. seoulensis 193 546,557 430, 433, 434, 457, 578, 589 A. sierrensis 121, 151, 187, A. penicilliger 557 Anisopus (Diptera) 457 193 A. penicilliger mustelae 547, Anocentor nitens (Acari) 619, A. simpsoni 167, 207 549 651 A. sollicitans 139, 151, 177, Amaurobiidae (Araneae) 664 Anomiopsyllus (Siphonaptera) 181, 184, 192 Amblycera (Phthiraptera) 518 550, 557 A. stimulans 184 Amblyomma (Acari) 438, 601, A. nudatus 558 A. tabu 166, 167 602, 605, 606, 609, 615, A. nudatus hiemalis 558 A. taeniorhynchus 139, 151, 618, 619, 621 (Diptera) 120, 124, 181, 184, 192, 202 A. americanum 615, 621, 625 127, 129, 130, 131, 132, A. taylori 151, 207 A. cajennense 615, 621, 628 134, 136, 137, 138, 139, A. theobaldi 184 A. hebraeum 614, 615, 619, 140, 142, 143, 145, 146, A. thibaulti 193 628,651 , 158, 161, 162, 163, 168, A. togoi 151, 186, 194, 203, A. variegatum 2ID6, 615, 619, 172, 173, 175, 176, 177, 205 627,651 178, 180, 181, 183, 184, A. tongae 166, 203 Amblyomminae (Acari) 601 188, 189, 191, 192, 193, A. triseriatus 151, 161, 174, Amblyospora (Protozoa: 194, 197, 198--9, 200, 201, 182,186,187,193,196,206 Microspora) 195 202, 205, 208, 209, 210, A. tutuilae 203 Amblypygi (Arachnida) 38, 211,212, 214, 216, 220, 221 A. upolensis 166, 203 659,662 A. aconitus 145, 191, 198, 202 A. varipalpus 174 Amegabothris (Siphonaptera) A. albimanus 145, 179, 188, A. vexans 150, 166, 184, 186 560 198, 200, 202, 212, 213, A. vigilax 151, 184, 192, 203, Amphalius (Siphonaptera) 545, 216,221 205 557 A. albitarsis 145, 165, 198 Scientific names index 685

A. annularis 198 A. hamoni 180 A. quadriannulatus 163, 164 A. anthropophagus 199, 202, A. hancocki 202 A. quadrimaculatus 138, 141, 203 A. hermsi 164 198 A. aquasalis 145, 181, 191, A. hilli 199 A. quadrimaculatus complex 198,202 A. hispaniola 198 165 A. arabiensis 145, 163, 164, A. hyrcanus 145 A. sacharovi 164, 198 183, 191, 192, 198, 202 A. hyrcanus group 162 A. sergentii 145, 198 A. argyritarsis 145, 198 A. implexus 179 A. sicaulti 164 A. atroparvus 164, 180, 183, A. jeyporiensis 198, 199, 202 A. sinensis 142, 145, 191, 198, 197,198 A. karwari 199 199, 203, 210, 212 A. aztecus 164, 198 A. koliensis 165, 199, 203 A. smithi 192 A. balabacensis 198, 199, 202 A. kweiyangensis 202, 203 A. stephensi 145, 163, 179, A. bambusicolus 145 A. labranchiae 164, 198 181, 184, 191, 194, 198, A. bancroftii 199, 203 A. letifer 198, 202 212,221 A. barberi 143, 187, 193 A. leucosphyrus 145, 198, 202 A. subalpinus 164 A. barbirostris 129, 200, 202, A. leucosphyrus complex 165 A. subpictus 191, 199, 202 203,204,205 A. leucosphyrus group 173 A. sundaicus 181, 191, 198, A. barianensis 193 A. ludlowae 198 199 A. bella tor 145, 193, 198, 202 A. maculatus 145, 192, 198, A. superpictus 145, 192, 198 A. beklemishevi 162, 164 202,209 A. tessellatus 198, 202 A. maculatus complex 165 A. triannulatus 198 A. braziliensis 198 A. maculipennis 141, 145, A. umbrosus 188 A. bwambae 163, 164 164, 183 A. vagus 192, 202 A. campestris 198, 203 A. maculipennis complex 162, A. vanhoofi 192 A. 180 caroni 164, 172 A. varuna 198 A. cinereus 142 A. mangyanus 198 A. walkeri 184 A. claviger 143, 187, 191, 194, A. marshalli complex 165 A. wellcomei 202 198 A. martinius 164 A. whartoni 198,202 A. crucians 121, 142, 173 A. melanoon 164 Anophelinae (Diptera) 58, 121, A. cruzii 145, 198 A. melas 163, 164, 181, 191, 132,134, 136, 139, 140, A. culicifacies 142, 145, 181, 197, 198, 202 142-5, 146, 162, 172, 173 184, 191, 194, 197, 198 A. merus 13, 163, 164, 181, Anoplura (Phthiraptera), A. culicifacies complex 141, 191, 198, 202 517-28 165 A. messeae 164, 198 Anotylus (Coleoptera) 584 A. darlingi 145, 165, 191, 198, A. minimus 145, 189,192, Anthocoridae (Hemiptera) 202 198,199,202,209,216 483,484,486,489,507 A. dirus 141, 145, 180, 198, A. moucheti 198 (Diptera) 66, 202,209 A. multicolor 192, 198 195, 411, 458 A. dirus complex 165 A. neivai 198 (Diptera) 66 A. donaldi 198,202,203 A. nigerrimus 198,202,203 Anthrenus (Coleoptera) 584, A. earlei 164, 183 A. nili 145, 192, 198, 202 585 A. engarensis 162 A. nuneztovari 6, 145, 165, A. scrophulariae 583 A. farauti 145, 165, 199, 203, 198,216 A. verbasci 584 216 A. occidentalis 164 Aphodius (Coleoptera) 585 A. flavirostris 198, 202 A. omorii 193 Aphonopelma (Araneae) 667 A. fluviatilis 145, 198 A. pattoni 198, 199 Aphrania (Hemiptera) 488 A. franciscan us 183 A. pauliani 202 Apicomplexa (Protozoa) 241 A. 184, 198 Apidae (Hymenoptera) 581 A. freeborni 145, 164, 183, pharoensis A. philippinensis 188, 198, Apioceridae (Diptera) 65 184, 191, 198 199, 202, 216 ' Apiomerini (Hemiptera) 490 A. funestus 6, 145, 192, 198, A. plumbeus 142, 187, 193 Apis (Hymenoptera) 200,202,208 A. pseudopunctipennis 145, A. mellifera adansonii 582 A. gambiae 13, 141, 145, 162, 192, 198 A. mellifera ligustica 582 164, 179, 188, 191, 192, A. pulcherrimus 184, 187, 198 A. mellifera mellifera 582 197, 198,200,202,209, A. punctimacula 198 Aponomma (Acari) 601, 608, 213,216 A. punctipennis 183 621 A. gambiae complex 141, A. punctulatus 145, 165, 192, Apterygota (Insecta) 40 163-4, 172, 175, 200, 208 199, 203, 216 Arachnida 32, 33, 36-8, A. hackeri 193 A. punctulatus complex 165 595--680 686 Scientific names index

Aradellini (Hemiptera) 490 Aspergillus fumigatus (Fungi) B. anthracis 325, 399, 585 Araneae (Arachnida) 38, 597, 481 B. sphaericus 212, 213 659-82 (Diptera) 66 B. thuringiensis 211, 213, 278, Araneidae (Araneae) 664,668 Astigmata (Acari) 600 279, 302, 426 (Araneae) Ateles (Mammalia: Primates) Bactrodinae (Hemiptera) 490 663, 664, 665, 666 207 Bartonella bacilliformis Araneus diadematus (Araneae) (Diptera) 64,69, (Bacteria) 78, 104 673 579,580 Barychelidae (Araneae) 667, Araucnephia (Diptera) 250 Atherigona (Diptera) 422 672 Araucnephioides (Diptera) 250 (Diptera) 580 Be/minus (Hemiptera) 491, 499 Archaeognatha (Insecta) 39, 40 Atheta (Coleoptera) 584 B. costaricensis 491 Arctiidae () 586 Atrax (Araneae) 667, 670, 672, B. herreri 491 Arcyophora sylvatica 673 B. peruvianus 491 (Lepidoptera) 587 A. formidabilis 667 B. rugulosus 491 Argas (Acari) 601, 607, 608, A. robustus 660, 667, 674, 678 Belostomatidae (Hemiptera) 609, 610, 621, 622, 625, (Diptera) 296 483 649,652 Attagenus (Coleoptera) 585 Beltranmyia (Diptera) 293 A. arboreus 610,649 (Diptera) 322 Bembecidae (Hymenoptera) A. persicus 609, 610 Atypus affinis (Araneae) 673 324 A. reflexus 610 Auchenorrhyncha Bercaea cruentata (Diptera) 422 A. reflexus hermanni 610 (Hemiptera) 485,486 Bertilia (Hemiptera) 488 A. vespertilionis 604 Auchmeromyia (Diptera) 411, Bibio (Diptera) 60 Argasidae (Acari) 599,601, 412, 420, 430, 437, 452 (Diptera) 60,64 602,603,604,607,608, A. luteola (= senegalensis) 11, (Diptera) 64 609, 610, 616, 619, 620, 452 (Diptera) 64 621,622,623,624,648,649 A. senegalensis 11, 412,420, (Diptera) 140, 141, Argiopidae (Araneae) 668 446,447,452 142,144 (Diptera) 135, 140, (Diptera) 66 Bison bison (Mammalia: 147, 152, 153-4, 161, 171, Austenina (Diptera) 340 Artiodactyla) 440 175, 181, 185, 188, 193, 194 (Diptera) 66 Blaberidae (Dictyoptera) 477, A. angustus 181 Austroconopinae (Diptera) 479 A. annulitarsis 181 295, 296, 297 Blaps mucronata (Coleoptera) A. dolichocephalus 154, 181, Austroconops (Diptera) 288, 585 190,193 291,295,297 Blatta orientalis (Dictyoptera) A. flavus 181 A. mcmillani 297 473, 474, 477, 479, 480, 481 A. kuchingensis 191 Austromansonia (Diptera) 155 Blattaria (Dictyoptera) 473-82 A. subalbatus 154, 189, 191 Austrophlebotomus (Diptera) Blattella (Dictyoptera) Armillifer () 36 90, 91, 93, 99 B. asahinai 479, 480 A. armillatus 36 (Diptera) 243, B. germanica 473, 475, 477, A. moniliformis 36, 37 250,251,254,259,268 478,480 Armilliferidae (Pentastomida) A. australense 268 Blattellidae (Dicytoptera) 477, 36 A. pestilens 261, 264, 266, 268 478,479 Arrenuridae (Acari) 180 A. ungulatum 263, 268 Blattidae (Dictyoptera) 477 Arthropoda 4, 30-47 Automeris (Lepidoptera) 586 (Diptera) 64, Artiodactyla (Mammalia) 439, Autosericea castanea 73 552, 621, 627 (Coleoptera) 583 Blephariceroidea (Diptera) 64 Arvicanthis (Mammalia: Avaritia (Diptera) 301, 304 Blephariceromorpha (Diptera) Rodentia) 109 Avicennia (Avicennaceae, 64 Arvicolinae (Mammalia: mangrove) 191, 193 Bolbodera (Hemiptera) 491, 499 Rodentia) 557, 558, 560 Avicularia (Araneae) 667 B. scabrosa 491 Ascaris lumbricoides (Diptera) 64 Bolboderini (Hemiptera) 490, (Nematoda: Axymyiomorpha (Diptera) 64 491 Ascaridoidea), 481 Ayurakitia (Diptera) 171 Bombycidae (Lepidoptera) 586 (Diptera) 59, 65, 67,69 (Diptera) 65, 73, Ascodipteron (Diptera) 74 Babesia (Protozoa: 324 (Diptera) 58, 62, 65, Apicomplexa) 629 Bombylioidea (Diptera) 65 73,74,324 B. divergens 629, 631 Boophilus (Acari) 601, 602, 606, (Diptera) 65, 67 B. microti 612, 630, 631 608, 619, 627 (Diptera) 65,67 Bacillus (Bacteria) B. microplus 622, 648 Scientific names index 687

Boophthora (Diptera) 12, 250 Calliphora (Diptera) 406, 407, C. exilicauda 663, 677 B. erythrocephala (= 409, 411, 413, 419, 420, C. infamatus 677 erythrocephalum) 437,451 C. limpidus 667 12 C. erythrocephala (= vicina) C. sculpturatus (= exilicauda) Borrelia (Spirochaeta) 20, 525, 413 677 629 C. uralensis 420 C. suffusus 675, 677 B. anserina 610 C. vicina 56, 62, 413, 419, Ceratophyllidae B. burgdorferi 325, 612, 625, 420, 432, 451, 459 (Siphonaptera) 535,536, 629 C. vomitoria 413, 420, 451 552, 557, 558, 560, 561, B. duttoni 525, 611 (Diptera) 25, 66, 562,563 B. hermsi 611 70, 71, 72, 405, 406, 409, Ceratophylloidea B. hispanica 611 410, 412, 413, 418, 420-1, (Siphonaptera) 536 B. parkeri 611 429,430,431,436,437, Ceratophyllus (Siphonaptera) B. persica 611 446--52, 459, 589 546, 551, 558 B. recurrentis 399, 525 Calliphorini (Diptera) 418 C. anisus 547, 549, 558 B. turicatae 611 Calobata cibaria (Diptera) 458 C. gallinae 537, 558 B. venezuelensis 611 Calyptra eustrigata C. garei 558 Bos mutus (Mammalia: (Lepidoptera) 587, 588 C. indages 558 Artiodactyla) 440 (Diptera) 54, 56, (Diptera) 55, Bothriuridae (Scorpiones) 663, 62, 66, 67, 69, 70, 390, 57, 58, 64, 71, 74, 75, 100, 668,676 403-28, 432, 460 288-309 Bothriurus (Scorpiones) 663 Cambarus (Crustacea) 34 Ceratopogoninae (Diptera) Bouvieromyiini (Diptera) 316, (Diptera) 66 295, 296, 297 321 Caminicimex (Hemiptera) 488 (Diptera) 295 Bovidae (Mammalia: Cancraedes (Diptera) 194 Cercopithecidae (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) 369, 370, Canidae (Mammalia: 371, 552, 639 Carnivora) 105, 562 Primates) 207 (Diptera) 55, 58, 59, Capensomyia (Diptera) 91, 96, Cervidae (Mammalia: 61, 62, 63, 64, 67, 68--70 99 Artiodactyla) 443, 552 Brachyconops (Diptera) 295 Carabidae (Coleoptera) 585 Cetherinae (Hemiptera) 490 (Diptera) 66 Carcinocorini (Hemiptera) 490 Cetherini (Hemiptera) 490 Braunsiomyia (Diptera) 321 (Diptera) 66 Chactidae (Scorpiones) 669, Brevidigita (Siphonaptera) 564 (Diptera) 66 676 Brucella melitensis (Bacteria) Carpoglyphus lactis (Acari) 642 Chaerilidae (Scorpiones) 669 568 Catachlorops (Diptera) 322 Chaerilus (Scorpiones) 669 Bruchomyiinae (Diptera) 79, Catallagia (Siphonaptera) 550, Chaetocruiomyia (Diptera) 192 89,92 558 (Diptera) 136, 137, Brugia (Nematoda: Filarioidea) C. dacenkoi 542 140, 141, 142, 144 205 C. decipiens 558 C. bathana 144, 162 B. malayi 200,201,203-4,205 Cavernicola (Hemiptera) 492, (Diptera) 60, 64, B. timori 200, 201, 204, 205 496,499 120, 139, 195, 577 Brumptomyia (Diptera) 89,90, C. lenti 492, 498 Chaoborus (Diptera) 60 91,93 C. pilosa 492, 505 C. edulis 577 Bucimex (Hemiptera) 488 Cavernicolini (Hemiptera) Cheiridium (Arachnida) 184 Bunyaviridae (virus) 626 490,492 (Arthropoda) 32, Buthidae (Scorpiones) 660, Cebidae (Mammalia: 33, 36, 38, 659 661, 663, 668, 669, 670, 676 Primates) 207, 518 Chiastopsylla (Siphonaptera) Buthotus (Scorpiones) 677 (Diptera) 64, 549, 558 B. tamulus 669 72 C. quadrisetis 542 Buthus (Scorpiones) 672, 673, Cediopsylla (Siphonaptera) 676 551,558 C. rossi 558 B. occitanus 676, 678 C. spillmanni 558 Chilopoda (Myriapoda) 33, 35, Byssodon (Diptera) 250 Cellia (Diptera) 145, 202 37 (Diptera) 66 Chimaeropsyllidae Caccobius (Coleoptera) Centrocneminae (Hemiptera) (Siphonaptera) 535,553, C. mutans 583 490 558 C. vulcanus 583, 584 Centruroides (Scorpiones) 672, Chinius (Diptera) 85, 90, 91, Cacodminae (Hemiptera) 488 673, 676, 677 93 Cacodmus (Hemiptera) 488 C. elegans 677 C. julianensis 84 688 Scientific names index

Chiracanthium (Araneae) Chrysopsini (Diptera) 316, 321 Conopoidea (Diptera) 65 C. brevicalcaratum 667 Chryxinae (Hemiptera) 490 equina (Diptera) C. diversum 667 Chyletidae (Acari) 643 579 C. inclusum 667 Chyletiella parasitivorax (Acari) Coptopsylla (Siphonaptera) C. punctorium 667, 675 643 543, 553, 558 (Diptera) 61, (Diptera) 66 C. bairamaliensis 558 64, 68, 73, 74, 120, 288, Cicadellidae (Hemiptera) 483 C. lamellifera 558 576,577 Cicadidae (Hemiptera) 484 C. lamellifera dubinini 541 (Diptera) 4, (Hemiptera) 488,489 Coptopsyllidae (Siphonaptera) 64,68 C. columbarius 487 535, 536, 553, 558 (Diptera) 577 C. hemipterus 484, 487, 488 Coquillettidia (Diptera) 129, C. dorsalis 577 C. lectularius 484, 487, 488, 134, 135, 137, 139, 140, Chirothrips aculeatus 489 141, 145, 146, 154-5, 156, (Thysanoptera) 588 C. pipistrelli 487 169, 173, 174, 175, 176, Chlorichaeta tuberculosa C. rotundatus 488 178, 181, 187, 188, 191, (Diptera) 580 Cimexopsis (Hemiptera) 488 196, 202, 209, 211, 217, (Diptera) 66,69, Cimicidae (Hemiptera) 483, 218,301 579, 580, 589 484,485,486-9,509 C. crassipes 204 (Diptera) 322, Cimicinae (Hemiptera) 488 C. juscopennata 174, 179 323,324 Citellophilus (Siphonaptera) C. metallica 178 Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) 545,558 C. perturbans 121, 155 585 C. lebedewi 558 C. richiardii 155, 187 Chrysomya (Diptera) 403, 407, C. simplex 534 C. venezuelensis 155 412, 413, 420, 437, 438, C. tesquorum 558 Cordylobia (Diptera) 407, 411, 448--9 C. tesquorum sungaris 547 412, 420, 430, 437, 446 C. albiceps 414, 431, 436, 449, lewisi C. anthropophaga 405, 413, 450 (Diptera) 576 446,447,460 C. bezziana 6, 414, 421, 446, Clarias juscus (Pisces) 212 C. rodhaini 412, 446 448,449,451 Cleridae (Coleoptera) 583 C. ruandae 413 C. megacephala 405, 414, 421, albipunctatus (Diptera) (Diptera) 64 449 457 Coromyia (Diptera) 91 C. putoria 421 Clostridium (Bacteria) 583 Cosmiomma (Acari) 608 C. rufifacies 414, 431, 436, Clubionidae (Araneae) 667, Cowdria ruminantium 449,459 671,675 (Rickettsiales) 615 C. varipes 449 (Diptera) 66 Coxiella burneti (Rickettsiales) Chrysomyini (Diptera) 418 (Diptera) 250, 251 568, 628 Chrysopinae, see C. dacotensis 263 Craneopsylla (Siphonaptera) C. pecuarum 268 552,558 Chrysops (Diptera) 55, 56, 310, (Diptera) 250 C. minerva 546, 549, 558 313, 314, 315, 316, 317-21, Cnesiamima (Diptera) 250 Crassicimex (Hemiptera) 488 321,322,323,325,326,327 Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) 585 Crataerina pallida (Diptera) 581 C. caecutiens 317 Cochliomyia (Diptera) 407, 412, Crematogaster (Hymenoptera) C. centurion is 317, 318, 320, 413, 420, 447-8 178 326 C. hominivorax 414,437,446, Cricetinae (Mammalia: C. dimidiatus 317, 318, 320, 447, 448, 451, 459 Rodentia) 558, 560, 561 325,326 C. macellaria 414, 437, 447, Crozetia (Diptera) 247, 250, 263 C. distinctipennis 315, 318, 448 Crustacea (Arthropoda) 31, 32, 319,325 Coelomomyces (Fungi) 195 33,34-5 C. fixissimus 311 Coleoptera (Insecta) 39, 40, (Diptera) 66 C. griseicollis 315, 318, 319 458, 583-5 Cryptoctenopsyllus C. langi 318,320,326 Coleorrhyncha (Hemiptera) (Siphonaptera) 559 C. longicornis 315, 317, 318, 485,486 Ctenidae (Araneae) 660,667, 319,325 Collartidini (Hemiptera) 490 672 C. silaceus 315, 317, 318, 320, Collembola (Insecta) 33, 39, 40 Ctenizidae (Araneae) 664 324, 325, 326 Colocasia (Araceae, Ctenocephalides (Siphonaptera) C. streptobalius 318, 319 coco-yam) 154, 193 546,549,558 C. zahrai 318, 320 Connochaetes gnou (Mammalia: C. canis 540, 542, 558 Chrysopsinae (Diptera) 311, Artiodactyla) 370 C. felis 534 314, 316, 321, 322, 323 (Diptera) 65 C. fe/is damarensis 533 Scientific names index 689

C. felis felis 534, 540, 543, 558 C. quinquefasciatus 121, 158, C. milnei group 300, 301 C. felis strongylus 558 159, 165, 166, 175, 177, C. mississippiensis 299 Ctenophthalmidae 179, 182, 189, 191, 192, C. nubeculosus 298, 304 (Siphonaptera) 535, 553, 194, 195, 200, 202, 203, C. obsoletus 300, 301 557, 558, 559, 560, 562 204,210,213,217,219, C. oxystoma 293,299,301, Ctenophthalmus 221,301 302 (Siphonaptera) 547, 549, C. restuans 158 C. paraensis 293, 301 558 C. sinensis 188 C. phlebotomus 293, 300 C. agyrtes 559 C. sitiens 167, 192, 203 C. pulicaris 292, 300 C. assimilis 559 C. starckeae 192 C. puncticollis 292 C. breviatus 558 C. stigmatosoma 182, 191 C. riethi 304 C. calceatus cabirus 543, 558 C. taeniopus 158, 185 C. robertsi 300 C. congeneroides 559 C. tarsalis 158, 175, 178, 182, C. schultzei 299, 304 C. dolichus 559 183, 184, 191 C. schultzei group 299, 301, C. orientalis 559 C. tenaguis 189 302 C. phyris 559 C. thalassius 192 C. stellifer 300 C. pollex 559 C. theileri 159 C. variipennis 293, 298, 299, C. secundus 5!?9 C. tigripes 131 301, 302, 304 C. solutus 559 C. tritaeniorhynchus 158, 175, C. venustus 300 C. teres 559 180, 191, 209, 212 C. wadai 301 C. wladimiri 559 C. univittatus 159 Culicoidini (Diptera) 295, 297 Culex (Diptera) 16, 120, 123, C. vishnui 158, 167, 179 (Diptera) 4,55, 126, 127, 128, 131, 136, Culicella (Diptera) 159, 184, 185 64,67,68 137, 138, 140, 143, 145, Culicidae (Diptera) 14, 15,55, Culiseta (Diptera) 137, 140, 145, 146, 148, 150, 157, 158--9, 57, 58, 61, 64, 68, 74, 75, 157,159--60, 169, 172, 175, 160, 163, 165, 169, 172, 79,90,100,120-240 176, 181, 184, 185, 194 173, 175, 176, 178, 181, (Diptera) 121, 123, C. alaskaensis 159 184, 185, 191, 193, 194, 132,134, 135, l36, 139, C. annulata 160, 177, 183, 202, 205, 209, 211, 217, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 185,187 220,654 145--61, 162, 172, 188 C. dyari 160 C. abominator 158 Culicini (Diptera) l39, 140, C. fraseri 160 C. aikenii 185 146, 148--52, 167 C. impatiens 183 C. alogistus 158, 185 Culiciomyia (Diptera) 172 C. incidens 159, 191 C. annulirostris 159, 203 (Diptera) 64, 68 C. inornata 160, 174, 183, 188 C. antennatus 202 Culicoides (Diptera) 24, 57, 78, C. longiareolata 160 C. australicus 166 252,267,288, 289, 290, C. melanura 160 C. autogenicus 166 291,292,293,294,295, C. morsitans 159, 176, 177 C. bitaeniorhynchus 188, 203 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, C. silvestris 159 C. brevipalpis 193 302,303,304 Culisetini (Diptera) 140 C. cinereus 191 C. actoni 301 (Diptera) 66 C. demeilloni 6 C. adersi 300 (Diptera) 439 C. fatigans (= C. arakawae 293,299,304 C. emasculator 440 quinquefasciatus) 158 C. barbosai 301 Cuterebrinae (Diptera) 410, C. gaudeator 158, 185 C. brevitarsis 293, 299, 301, 436,438--9, 440 C. gelidus 158, 195 302 Cyclocephala borealis C. globocoxitus 166 C. dycei 302 (Coleoptera) 583 C. kyotoensis 193 C. fulvithorax 292 Cyclops (Crustacea) 34, 35 C. molestus 166, 192, 202 C. fulvus 301 C. quadricornis 35 C. nebulosus 182 C. furens 293,300,304 (Diptera) 63, 64, C. nigripalpus 158, 178 C. grahamii 6, 292, 300 65,66,67 C. pallens 166, 182, 203 C. imicola 292, 300, 301 Cydistomyia (Diptera) 322 C. peus, see C. stigmatosoma C. imicola group 302 Cynolebias (Pisces) 212 C. pilosus 158, 185 C. impunctatus 298 (Diptera) 65 C. pipiens 121, 141, 158, 159, C. inornatipennis 292, 300 165, 166, 177, 179, 182, C. insignis 293, 300, 301 Dacnoforcipomyia (Diptera) 183, 185, 192, 194, 202, C. insinuatus 301 295,296 203,213 C. marksi 302 Dampfomyia (Diptera) 91 C. pipiens complex 159, C. melleus 298 Dasybasis (Diptera) 322, 323 165--6, 167 C. milnei 292 Dasychela (Diptera) 322 690 Scientific names index

Dasycnemini (Hemiptera) 490 Diamanus (Siphonaptera) 550, D. repleta 458 (Diptera) 296 561 (Diptera) 66,69, Dasyheleinae (Diptera) 295, Diamphidea nigroornata 430,435,436,458 296 (Coleoptera) 585 (Diptera) 66 Decapoda (Crustacea) 34 Diaspidini (Hemiptera) 490 Dugesiella (Araneae) 667 Deinocerites (Diptera) 123, 125, (Diptera) 66 Duttonella (Protozoa: 130, 131, 136, 140, 148, Diceromyia (Diptera) lSI, 171 Sarcomastigophora) 373 157, 160-1, 168, 173, 176, (Diptera) 322, 323 Dysdera (Araneae) 671, 673 178,194 Dicladocera (Diptera) 322 Dysderidae (Araneae) 671 D. cancer 160, 174, 175, 178 Dictynidae (Araneae) 664 D. dyari 178 Dictyoptera (Insecta) 39, 40, Echidnophaga (Siphonaptera) D. pseudes 161 473,474,475 543,559 Deliastini (Hemiptera) 490 Didelphidae (Mammalia: E. gallinacea 535, 536, 540, Delostichus (Siphonaptera) Marsupialia) 557 559 551,559 Didelphis marsupialis E. larina 559 D. talis 538, 559 (Mammalia: Marsupialia), E. oschanini 559 Demeillonius (Diptera) 91, 95 506 (Diptera) 246,249, Demodex (Acari) 38, 631, 634, Dinopsyllus (Siphonaptera) 250 642,643-4 549,559 Ectinoderini (Hemiptera) 490 D. brevis 644 D. ellobius 559 Ectrichodiinae (Hemiptera) D. folliculorum 644 D. lypusus 559 490 Demodicidae (Acari) 634, D. wansoni 544 Edentata (Mammalia) lOS, 553, 643-4 Diopsidae (Diptera) 65 564 Dendryphantes (Araneae) 667 (Diptera) 65 Edwardsellum (Diptera) 4,5, 7, D. noxiosus 667 Dipetalogaster (Hemiptera) 492 250 Dermacentor (Acari) 601, 602, D. maxima 490,491,492,502, Eichhornia (Diptera) 188 606, 608, 613, 620 504 Elasmodeminae (Hemiptera) D. albipictus 613 Diphyllobothrium (Cestoda) 35 490 D. andersoni 613, 614, 625, Diplocentridae (Scorpiones) Embioptera (Insecta) 40 626,628 669,670,676 (Hemiptera) 483, D. marginatus 613, 615, 628 Diplopoda (Myriapoda) 32, 33, 490,496 D. nitens 613 35,37 Emesini (Hemiptera) 490 D. nuttalli 613, 615 (Insecta) 33, 40 Emmareus (Siphonaptera) 558 D. pictus (= reticulatus) 615 (Araneae) 660, 667, (Diptera) 65,74 D. reticulatus 615, 651 672 (Diptera) 65 D. silvarum 613, 628 Dipodidae (Mammalia: (Insecta) (= D. variabilis 613, 625, 628 Rodentia) 560, 561 Holometabola) 4, 39, 40 Dermanyssidae (Acari) 633, Diptera (Insecta) 4, 14, 15, 17, Entamoeba histolytica 634,635--6 39, 40, 42, 43, 46, 49-469, (Protozoa) 424, 481 Dermanyssus (Acari) 631 576--81, 589 Enterobius vermicularis D. gallinae 633, 635, 636 Dipylidium caninum (Cestoda) (Nematoda: Oxyuroidea) Dermaptera (Insecta) 40,589 20,558,559,562,566 481 Dermatobia (Diptera) 430, 436, Dirofilaria (Nematoda: Entomophthorales (Fungi) 419 462 Filarioidea) 241 Ephemeroptera (Insecta) 40, D. hominis 429, 436, 438, 460, D. immitis lSI, 205 43,589 461 Dirphia (Lepidoptera) 586 Ephydra cinerea (Diptera) 580 Dermatophagoides (Acari) 634, Dixa (Diptera) 60, 61 (Diptera) 66, 69, 641 (Diptera) 60, 64, 68, 73, 195, 430, 433, 435, 458, D. farinae 641, 654 120, 139, 144. 580 D. pteronyssinus 641,642 (Diptera) 65, (Diptera) 66 Dermestes (Coleoptera) 585 195 Epicauta hirticornis D. lardarius 584 Dolichovespula (Hymenoptera) (Coleoptera) 585 Dermestidae (Coleoptera) 583, 582 Epistylis (Protozoa: 584 Dorylinae (Hymenoptera) 397 Ciliophora) 195 Deuterophlebiidae (Diptera) Dracaena (Agavaceae) 193 Equidae (Mammalia: 64 Dracunculus (Nematoda: Perissodactyla) 443 (Diptera) 316, 322 Dracunculoidea) 34 Equus burchellii (quagga) (Diptera) 322, 323 D. medinensis 34 (Mammalia: Equidae) 370 D. ferrugatus 327 Drosophila (Diptera) 435 Eratyrus (Hemiptera) 492,500 Scientific names index 691

E. cuspidatus 492, 505 F. scalaris 403, 416, 417, 421, G. inermis 443,444,445 E. mucronatus 492 453,454 G. intestinalis 410, 443, 444, Eresidae (Araneae) 664 (Diptera) 70, 404, 445,460 (Diptera) 130, 409, 411, 416, 418, 421, G. nasalis 443, 444, 445 134,140,147, 152, 154, 430,434,437,453-4 G. nigricornis 443, 444 169, 171, 176, 177, 181, Fergusoninidae (Diptera) 66 G. pecorum 443, 444, 445 184, 185, 188, 193, 194 Fibromavirus myxomatosis Gebiella (Siphonaptera) 560 E. chrysogaster 154, 178 (virus) 568 Gedoelstia (Diptera) 439 E. grahami 154, 190, 194 Ficalbia (Diptera) 125, 140, 154, Geometridae (Lepidoptera) E. subsimplicipes 154, 188, 156, 172, 178, 191 586 189,194 F. minima 156 Geomyidae (Mammalia: Erinaceidae (Mammalia: Ficalbiini (Diptera) 140 Rodentia) 559 Insectivora) 563 Fidena (Diptera) 321 Geophilimorpha (Myriapoda) Eristalis (Diptera) 435, 457 Filistatidae (Araneae) 664 36 E. tenax 457 Filodes fulvodorsalis Geoskusea (Diptera) 194 Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (Lepidoptera) 588 Gerbillinae (Mammalia: (Bacteria) 568 Finlaya (Diptera) 131, 151, 173, Rodentia) 79, 553, 558 Escherichia coli (Bacteria) 424, 193, 194, 202 Gerbillophilus (Siphonaptera) 481 Flaviviridae (virus) 626 561 (Diptera) 321, 323 Flavivirus (virus) 626 (Diptera) 242, 250, Euclea (Lepidoptera) 586 (Diptera) 288, 291, 259 Euc1iidae (Lepidoptera) 586 292,294,295,296,298, Gigantostraca (Arthropoda) Euhoplopsyllus (Siphonaptera) 300,301 660 559 F. anabaenae 295,296 Glossina (Diptera) 16, 55, 57, E. andensis 559 F. lefanui 291, 292 333-82,407,408,409 E. glacialis affinis 559 F. taiwana 304 G. austeni 341, 342, 344, 345, E. manconis 559 Forcipomyiinae (Diptera) 291, 346, 347, 348, 350, 351, Eulaelaps stabularis (Acari) 633, 295,296 355, 356, 360, 361, 382 638,639 Formicidae (Hymenoptera) G. austeni austeni 346 Eumelanomyia (Diptera) 158 582 G. austeni mossurizensis 346 Euphenini (Hemiptera) 490 Foxella (Siphonaptera) 550, 559 G. brevipalpis 340,342,343, Euphlebotomus (Diptera) 91, F. ignota 541, 559 344, 345, 346, 347, 349, 94, 95, 97, 107, 108 Francisella tularensis (Bacteria) 352, 353, 356, 357, 359, Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) 189 325, 568 360, 368 Euproctis (Lepidoptera) 586 Frontopsylla (Siphonaptera) G. caliginea 343, 344, 345, Euroglyphus maynei (Acari) 641 545,559 351, 354, 355, 359, 376 Eurychoromyiidae (Diptera) F. luculenta 559 G. jrezili 343, 344, 345, 347, 66 F. semura 559 349,352,353,357,358 Eurypelma (Araneae) 667 F. wagneri 541, 545, 548, 559 G. fusca 343, 349, 350, 358, Eurypterida (Arthropoda) 660 Furnariidae (Aves) 505 360,361 Eusimuliini 5 Galago senegalensis G. fusca congolensis 343,344, (Diptera) 250 345,346,353,354,357,369 Eusimulium (Mammalia: Primates) 207 Eutrombicula (Acari) Galindomyia (Diptera) 140, 148, G. fusca fusca 343, 344, 345, E. alfreduggesi 646 157,161 353, 354, 357, 374 E. batatas 646 G. leei 160, 161 G. fusca group 337, 338, 340, Evandromyia (Diptera) 91 Gamasida (Acari) 599, 600, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, Exopterygota (Insecta) (= 632,634 346, 347, 348, 352, 353, Hemimetabola) 39, 40, Gambusia (Pisces) 212 357, 358, 362, 363, 366, 479, 483, 485 G. affinis 212 367, 368, 369, 370, 382 G. affinis affinis 212 G. fuscipes 342,343,351,354, (Diptera) 61, 404, 407, G. affinis holbrooki 212 360, 361, 376 409,416,417, 421, 431, Gasterophilidae (Diptera) 340 G. fuscipes fuscipes 344, 345, 437,453,454 Gasterophilinae (Diptera) 410, 346, 347, 351, 354, 355, F. benjamini 416, 421 430,436,438,443-5 359,362, 368, 371, 377, 378 F. canicularis 403, 404, 416, Gasterophiloidea (Diptera) 340 G. fuscipes martinii 344,345, 417, 421, 453, 454 Gasterophilus (Diptera) 430, 346, 351, 354, 355, 359 F. incisurata 453, 454 443 G. fuscipes quanzensis 344, F. manicata 453, 454 G. haemorrhoidalis 443,444, 345, 346, 351, 354, 355, 359 F. pusio 421 445 G. fuscipleuris 342, 343, 344, 692 Scientific names index

G. fuscipleuris (cont'd) G. palpalis palpalis 343,344, (Nematoda: Spiruroidea) 345, 350, 352, 353, 357, 345, 346, 347, 354, 355, 399 358, 360, 361 359, 369, 370, 371, 372, Hadrurus (Scorpiones) 676 G. haningtoni 343,344,345, 374,375 H. hirsutus 678 350, 353, 357, 358 G. schwetzi 343,344,345, (Diptera) 41, 125, G. longipalpis 344, 345, 346, 349, 352, 353, 357, 358, 137, 140, 150, 152-3, 170, 347, 349, 351, 355, 356, 360,361 173, 175, 181, 186, 193, 360,361 G. severini 343, 344, 345, 350, 206,207,220 G. longipennis 335, 342, 343, 352, 353, 357, 358 H. albomaculatus 207 344,345,347,348,352, G. swynnertoni 339,344,345, H. anastasionis 189 353, 357, 358, 359, 360, 346, 347, 351, 356, 360, H. capricornii 152, 207 362,369 361, 366, 368, 377 H. equinus 152, 185, 186, 189, G. medicorum 343, 344, 345, G. tabaniformis 343,344,345, 207 347, 349, 352, 353, 357, 348, 349, 353, 357, 358, H. janthinomys 152, 207 358,374 360, 361, 369 H. leucocelaenus 152, 207 G. morsitans 339,346,349, G. tachinoides 342, 344, 345; H. spegazzinii 152, 207 351, 355, 356, 360, 361, 346, 347, 349, 350, 354, Haemaphysalinae (Acari) 601 365, 368, 370 355,359,360,362,366, Haemaphysalis (Acari) 601,606, G. morsitans centralis 344, 368, 369, 371, 376 608,609,612,621 345, 346, 347, 370, 371, 377 G. vanhoofi 343,344,345, H. inermis 612 G. morsitans group 341,342, 350, 352, 353, 358, 359 H. leachi 604, 612 343, 344, 345, 347, 348, Glossinidae (Diptera) 55, 57, H. lemuris 621 352, 356, 357, 363, 364, 61, 66, 68, 70, 71, 74, 75, H. longicornis 618 368, 369, 370, 372, 377, 333--88, 403, 408, 418, 419 H. spinigera 612,627,652 378, 380, 381, 382 Glossininae (Diptera) 340 G. morsitans morsitans 344, Glycyphagidae (Acari) 632, H. turturis 627 345, 346, 347, 366, 368, 641,642 Haematobia (Diptera) 55,73, 369, 370, 372, 377 Glycyphagus (Acari) 389,390,391,392,393, G. morsitans submorsitans G. destructor 642, 643 396-7,398,407,422 344, 345, 347, 362, 366, G. domesticus 642,643 H. exigua 390,393,395,396 372, 373, 375 Glyptocranium H. irritans 390,393,394,395, G. nashi 343, 344, 345, 350, gasteracanthoides 396,399 352,353,358 (Araneae) 668 H. minuta 394 G. nigrofusca 343, 347, 350, Gnaphosidae (Araneae) 674 Haematobosca (Diptera) 391 352, 353, 357, 358 Gnathostoma (Nematoda: (Diptera) 56, 310, G. nigrofusca hopkinsi 344, Spiruroidea) 35 314,317,321,322,323 345,350 Gomphostilbia (Diptera) 250 H. maculosifacies 312 G. nigrofusca nigrofusca 343, Gongylonema pulchrum Haematopotini (Diptera) 71, 344, 345, 349, 350 (Nematoda: Spiruroidea) 312, 316, 322 G. pallicera 346, 350, 359 585 Haematosiphon (Hemiptera) G. pallicera newsteadi 344, Goniops (Diptera) 325 488 345, 346, 351, 354, 355, 359 Gonyaulax (Protozoa: H. inodorus 487 G. pallicera pallicera 336, 344, Sarcomastigophora) 34 Haematosiphoninae 345, 346, 349, 350, 354, Gorilla gorilla (Mammalia: (Hemiptera) 488 355,359 Primates) 518, 521 Haemogamasus pontiger (Acari) G. pallidipes 344, 345, 346, Grabhamia (Diptera) 152 633, 638, 639 347, 349, 351, 354, 356, Grammostola (Araneae) 667 Haemoproteus (Protozoa: 360, 361, 366, 367, 368, Grassomyia (Diptera) 82, 83, Apicomplexa) 300 369, 370, 371, 377 86,91,95 Hammacerinae (Hemiptera) G. palpalis 342,343,349,351, (Diptera) 250 354, 360, 361, 369, 376 Grylloblattodea (Insecta) 40, 490 G. palpalis gambiensis 344, 474 Harpactirella (Araneae) 667, 345,347,354,355,359 Gymnopaidinae (Diptera) 249 672, 673 G. palpalis group 340, 341, Gymnopais (Diptera) 242, 247, H. karroica 667 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 250,262,264 H. treleaveni 667 347, 348, 352, 355, 357, Gynaikothrips ficorum Harpactorinae (Hemiptera) 362, 364, 366, 367, 368, (Thysanoptera) 588 490 369, 370, 372, 376, 378, Harpactorini (Hemiptera) 490 380,381, 382 Habronema microstoma Hearlea (Diptera) 250 Scientific names index 693

Hebridosimulium (Diptera) 250 Hippocentrum (Diptera) 317, Hypsophthalmidae Hectopsylla (Siphonaptera) 320,321,322 (Siphonaptera) 535 551,559 Hirstionyssus isabellinus (Acari) Hystricopsylla (Siphonaptera) H. suarezi 559 633,639 551,560 Heizmannia (Diptera) 123, 125, Hodgesia (Diptera) 123, 130, H. dippiei 560 140, 152, 153, 169, 170, 137, 140, 154, 157, 191 H. occidentalis 543 172, 181, 185, 186, 193 Hodgesiini (Diptera) 140 H. occidentalis linsdalei 560 Helcocertomyia (Diptera) 91, Holoconops (Diptera) 295 H ystricopsyllidae 98,109 Holometabola (Insecta) (= . (Siphonaptera) 535, 536, (Diptera) 66 Endopterygota) 4,39,40, 553,560 Heliconia (Heliconiaceae) 161, 529 Hystricopsylloidea 193,195 Holoptilinae (Hemiptera) 490 (Siphonaptera) 536 Helidomermis (Nematoda: Holoptilini (Hemiptera) 490 Mermithoidea) 298 (Acari) 600 Ichneumonidae Heliothrips (Thysanoptera) 588 Hominidae (Mammalia: (Hymenoptera) 581 Hellichiella (Diptera) 250 Primates) 518 Icosiella neglecta (Nematoda: Helophilus (Diptera) 457 Homo (Mammalia: Filarioidea) 300 (Diptera) 66 Hominidae) 518 Idiophlebotomus (Diptera) 90, Hemicnetha (Diptera) 250 Homoptera (Hemiptera) 483, 91,93 Hemileuca (Lepidoptera) 586 485 Ingramia (Diptera) 130, 134, Hemimerus (Dermaptera) 44 Hoplopsyllus (Siphonaptera) 135, 146, 156, 193 Hemimetabola (Insecta) (= 550, 551, 559 Insecta (Arthropoda) 4,32,33, Exopterygota) 39,40,485 H. anomalus 559 38-46 Hemiptera (Insecta) 39, 40, Hottentotta (Scorpiones) 672, Insectivora (Mammalia) 553, 195, 483--516 673, 676, 677 558, 562, 563, 569, 621 Hemiscorpion lepturus H. minax 677 Inseliellum (Diptera) 250 (Scorpiones) 676 Howardina (Diptera) 173 Iridovirus (virus) 610 Hepatocystis (Protozoa: Huaedes (Diptera) 152 (Diptera) 65 Apicomplexa) 300 Hyalomma (Acari) 601, 606, Ischnocera (Phthiraptera) 518 H. kochi 300 609, 616, 618, 622, 627 Ischnopsyllidae Hermetia (Diptera) 59 H. anatolicum 627 (Siphonaptera) 535,553 H. illucens 458 H. concinna 628 Ischnuridae (Scorpiones) 669 Hertigia (Diptera) 89, 91, 93 H. leachi 628 Isometres maculatus Hesperocimex (Hemiptera) 488 H. marginatum 616 (Scorpiones) 678 Hesperoctenes (Hemiptera) 489 H. marginatum complex 627 Isopoda (Crustacea) 73 Hesperomyinae (Mammalia: Hyalomminae (Acari) 601 Isoptera (Insecta) 39, 40 Rodentia) 558 (Diptera) 322 Iulus (Myriapoda) 35 Heteromyidae (Mammalia: Hydrocharis (Hydrocharitaceae, Iuridae (Scorpiones) 669 Rodentia) 560 frog's bit) 138 Ixodes (Acari) 601, 606, 607, Heteromyiini (Diptera) 295 Hydropyrus hians (Diptera) 580 608, 609, 611, 618, 620, (Hemiptera) 483, Hydrotaea (Diptera) 422, 455, 485,486,490 456 621,629 Hexapoda (Arthropoda) 32, 33, H. dentipes 456 I. dammini 612,629,630 38 H. irritans 422 I. holocyclus 612, 621, 625, (Diptera) 65 Hylesia (Lepidoptera) 586 626, 628, 629 Himalayum (Diptera) 250 Hymenolepis diminuta I. pacificus 612, 629 (Diptera) 580 (Cestoda) 561, 567, 585, I. persulcatus 612, 619, 621, H. collusor 580 586,589 626,629 H. pusio 580 Hymenoptera (Insecta) 39, 40, 1. ricinus 604, 611, 612, 619, Hippobosca (Diptera) 44, 409 324, 508, 581':'3 620, 621, 626, 629, 631, 652 H. camelina 581 Hypoderma (Diptera) 430,439, 1. ricinus group 612 H. equina 581 441,442,462 I. ricinus/persulcatus group H. rufipes 579,581 H. bovis 439, 440, 441, 442, 611 H. variegata 581 443,459 I. rubicundus 612, 625 (Diptera) 66, H. diana 441, 442, 443 1. schillingsi 621 70, 71, 74, 340, 408, 409, H. lineatum 440, 441, 442, Ixodida (Acari) 600-16, 632 534,579,581 443, 459, 460 (Acari) 601, 602, 604, (Diptera) 66, Hypodermatinae (Diptera) 60S, 606, 607, 608, 615, 69, 70, 72, 340 410,430,436,438,439-43 616, 617, 618, 619, 620, 694 Scientific names index

Ixodidae (Acari) (cont'd) Leicesteria (Diptera) 154 Leptopsyllidae (Siphonaptera) 621, 622, 623, 624, 625, Leishmania (Protozoa: 534, 535, 553, 557, 559, 628, 648, 649-51 Sarcomastigophora) 6, 21, 560,561 Ixodinae (Acari) 601, 620 78, 97, 99, 102, 103, 104, Leptopsyllinae (Siphonaptera) Ixodoidea (Acari) 609 105, 106, 107, 108, 398 553 L. aethiopica 97, 105, 108 Leptorhoptrum robustum Janthinosoma (Diptera) 152 L. amazonensis 103, 109 (Araneae) 674 Jantia crassipalpis (Diptera) 12, L. braziliensis 91, 105, 106, 109 Leptotrombidium (Acari) 634, 422 L. chagasi 105, 109 645, 646, 647 Johnbelkinia (Diptera) 131, 140, L. donovani97, 105, 108 L. akamushi 644, 646, 647 147, 148, 170 L. garnhami 109 L. arenicola 646, 647 Juxtapulex (Siphonaptera) 562 L. guyanensis 104, 105, 106, L. deliense 646, 647, 654 109 L. fletcheri 646, 647 Karnyothrips flavipes L. infantum 97, 104, 105, 108, L.pal/idum 646,647 (Thysanoptera) 588 109 L. pavlovskyi 646, 647 Kasaulius (Diptera) 91, 94, 95 L. major 97, 104, 105, 106, L. scutellaris 646, 647 (Diptera) 145, 173, 107, 108, 110 Leucocytozoon (Protozoa: 193,202 L. mexicana 105, 109 Apicomplexa) 241, 300 Klebsiella pneumoniae L. panamensis 103, 105, 106, L. caulleryi 300 (Bacteria) 481 109 L. simondi 241 Kobus (Mammalia: L. peruviana 98, 109 L. smithi 241 Artiodactyla) 370 L. pifanoi 109 Leucophaea maderae Kueichenlipsylla L. tropica 97, 104, 105, 107, (Dictyoptera) 479 (Siphonaptera) 560 108,399 Levitinia (Diptera) 250 L. venezuelensis 109 Levua (Diptera) 194 Labidognatha (Araneae) 665, Leistarchini (Hemiptera) 490 Lewisellum (Diptera) 250 666 Leiurus (Scorpiones) 672, 673, Lilaea (Diptera) 321 Laelapidae (Acari) 633, 634, 676,677 Limacodidae (Lepidoptera) 638,639 L. quinquestriatus 675, 677, 586 Laelaps (Acari) 678 Limatus (Diptera) 125, 140, 146, L. echidninus 633, 639 Lepidoptera (Insecta) 39, 40, 147, 148, 170 L. nuttalli 633, 639 585-8 L. flavisetosus 178 Lagenidium (Fungi) 195 Lepiselaga (Diptera) 322, 323 Limnesiidae (Acari) 180 Lagomorpha (Mammalia) 438, L. crassipes 327 Limothrips (Thysanoptera) 439,557 Lepisma saccharina (Insecta: L. cerealium 588 Larroussius (Diptera) 84, 86, 87, Zygentoma) 589 L. denticornis 588 91, 94, 95, 97, 99, 107, 108, Leporidae (Mammalia: 113 Lagomorpha) 558,559 (Pentastomida) 36, 37 Lasiocampidae (Lepidoptera) Leptocera (Diptera) Linguatulidae (Pentastomida) 586 L. caenosa 580 36 Lasiodora (Araneae) 667 L. venalicia 458 Linguatuloidea Lasiohelea (Diptera) 288, 290, Leptocimex (Hemiptera) 488 (Pentastomida) 36 291,292,294,295,296, L. boueti 487 Linognathus (Phthiraptera) 184 298,299,300,301,304 Leptoconopinae (Diptera) 291, Linshcosteus (Hemiptera) 492, Latrocimex (Hemiptera) 488 295,296 496,500 Latrocimicinae (Hemiptera) Leptoconops (Diptera) 55, 57, L. carnifex 492 488 288, 291, 294, 295, 296, L. chota 492 Latrodectus (Araneae) 667, 670, 297,298,299,300,302,303 L. confumus 492 672, 673, 676 L. bequaerti 301 L. costalis 492 L. cinctu5 672 L. kerteszi 304 L. kali 492 L. curacaviensis 667, 672 L. rhodesiensis 291 (Araneae) 664, L. hasselti 667, 672 L. spinosifrons 302 674 L. mactans 659, 667, 672, 674 Leptodemus (Hemiptera) 507 Liphistiomorphae (Araneae) L. menavodi 672 Leptopsylla (Siphonaptera) 660,664,665, 666 L. pallidus 672 549,560 Liponyssoides sanguineus L. tredecimguttatus 660, 667, L. aethiopica 560 (Acari) 633, 634, 635, 636 672,675,678 L. algira 543 Lipoptena cervi (Diptera) 581 (Diptera) 66 L. pavlovskii 560 Listeria (Bacteria) 561 (Diptera) 66 L. segnis 539, 542, 560 L. monocytogenes 568 Scientific names index 695

Listropsylla (Siphonaptera) L. intermedia 98, 109 M. sinomus 560 548,560 L. lanei group 91 M. telechinus 547, 549, 560 L. dorippae 560 L. llanosmartinsi 109 Malaya (Diptera) 123, 125, 140, L. jouriei 541 L. longipalpis 82, 90, 101, 146, 147, 176, 178, 189, 193 Lithobiomorpha (Myriapoda) 102, 106, 107, 109 Mallophaga (Phthiraptera) 518 36 L. migonei 109 Manangocorinae (Hemiptera) Lithosiidae (Lepidoptera) 586 L. migonei group 91 490 Lithyphantes (Araneae) 664, L. olmeca 98, 103, 109 Mandibulata (Arthropoda) 32, 667 L. olmeca nociva 109 33 Litomosoides carinii (Acari) L. oswaldi group 91 Mansonella (Nematoda: 636 L. panamensis 83, 109 Filarioidea) 241 Loa (Nematoda: Filarioidea) L. paraensis 109 M. ozzardi 241, 267, 300 317,326 L. peruensis 98, 109 M. perstans 300 L. loa 310, 317, 325 L. pessoai 109 M. streptocerca 300 Lobelia (Lobeliaceae) 193 L. pilosa group 91 Mansonia (Diptera) 120, 127, Loboscraspis griseifusca L. rupicola group 91 129, 135, 136, 137, 138, (Lepidoptera) 587 L. saulensis group 91 139, 140, 141, 143, 145, (Diptera) 65 L. spinicrassa 109 146, 151, 154, 155-6, 163, Lonchoptera (Diptera) 59 L. trapidoi 104, 109 169, 172, 173, 175, 178, (Diptera) 59, L. umbratilis 98, 103, 109 181, 188, 191, 196, 200, 65 L. wellcomei 109 205, 209, 211, 217, 218 Lonomia achelous L. whitmani 109 M. annulata 156, 203, 204, (Lepidoptera) 586, 587 L. verrucarum 104, 109 205 Lophoceraomyia (Diptera) 123, L. verrucarum group 91 M. annulifera 156, 203, 205 158, 193 L. ylephiletor 104, 109 M. bonneae 156,203,204,205 Lophopodomyia (Diptera) 145 L. youngi109 M. dives 156, 203, 204, 205 Loxaspis (Hemiptera) 488 L. yucumensis 91, 109 M. indiana 156, 203, 205 Loxosceles (Araneae) 583, 667, Lycosa (Araneae) 667, 672, 676 M. titillans 155, 202 672, 673, 676, 678 L. tarentula 675 M. uniformis 135, 156, 203, L. reclusa 660, 667 Lycosidae (Araneae) 195, 667, 204, 205 Loxoscelidae (Araneae) 667 670, 671, 672, 673, 675 Mansoniini (Diptera) 140 Lucilia (Diptera) 41, 411, 419, Lygaeidae (Hemiptera) 507 Mansonioides (Diptera) 136, 420,421,437,449,450-1 Lymantriidae (Lepidoptera) 155, 156, 181, 202 L. cuprina 421, 425, 450 586 Mantodea (Dictyoptera) 43, L. illustris 459 Lyperosia (Diptera) (= 477 L. sericata 411, 423, 450, 451, Haematobia) 391 Maorigoeldia (Diptera) 140, 147 459 Lytta vesicatoria (Coleoptera) Margaropus (Acari) 601, 608, Lutzia (Diptera) 131, 188 584,585 619 Lutzsimulium (Diptera) 250 Marmota (Mammalia: Lutzomyia (Diptera) 6, 78, 82, Macaca (Mammalia: Primates) Rodentia) 558,561,563 86, 90, 91, 92, 93, 98--9, 205 Marsupialia (Mammalia) 105, 102, 107, 109 Machadomyia (Diptera) 342 439, 553, 554, 555, 557, L. amazonensis 109 Macracanthorhynchus 558, 561, 562, 621 L. anduzei 109 hirudinaceus Mastigoproctus giganteus L. aracuchensis 109 (Acanthocephala) 585 (Arachnida) 659 L. aragaoi group 91 Macrocephalini (Hemiptera) Mastophora (Araneae) 668 L. ayrozai 109 490 Mauritia (Palmae) 193 L. baityi group 91 Macronyssidae (Acari) 633, Mayacnephia (Diptera) 250 L. carrerai 91, 109 634,636--9 Mecoptera (Insecta) 40 L. christophei 109 Macropsyllidae (Siphonaptera) Megabothris (Siphonaptera) L. colombiana 104 535 546,560 L. complexa 109 Macroscelidea (Mammalia) 553 M. abantis 560 L. delpozoi group 91 Malacopsyllidae M. calcarifer 560 L. diabol ica 109 (Siphonaptera) 535, 536, M. clantoni 560 L. dreisbachi group 91 553 M. rectangulatus 545, 560 L. evansi 109 Malacopsylloidea M. turbidus 560 L. flaviscutellata 98, 103, 109 (Siphonaptera) 536 Megaconops (Diptera) 295 L. gomezi 109 Malaraeus (Siphonaptera) 551, Megaloptera (Insecta) 40 L. hartmanni 98, 109 560 Megalopyge (Lepidoptera) 586 696 Scientific names index

Megalopygidae (Lepidoptera) 133, 134, 135, 137, 140, (Diptera) 25, 41, 55, 586 146, 154, 156, 157, 168, 57, 66, 68, 71, 73, 75, 340, (Diptera) 65 172, 178, 188, 191, 193, 389-402,403,404, 409, 411, (Diptera) 431,435 196,218 417, 419, 422-3, 430, 434, M. halterata 578 M. chamberlaini 130 436,437,454-6,459,589 M. rufipes 456 M. deguzmanae 130, 168 Muscina (Diptera) 409, 417, M. scalaris 456, 579 M. hybrida 130, 135, 156 455,456 M. spiracularis 456 M. jeansottei 193 M. stabulans 455,456 Meilloniellum (Diptera) 250 M. levicastilloi 156, 157 Muscinae (Diptera) 70, 391 Melanoconion (Diptera) 158, M. luzonensis 168 (Diptera) 66, 69, 70, 173 M. modesta 156 411,419 Melipona (Hymenoptera) 582 M. pallida 129, 135, 156 Muscomorpha (Diptera) 53, Meloidae (Coleoptera) 585 M. roubaudi 157 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, Melophagus ovinus (Diptera) Miridae (Hemiptera) 507 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 408, 579, 581 Mochlonyx (Diptera) 121 71, 72, 73, 75, 403, 404 Mendanocorini (Hemiptera) Mochlostyrax (Diptera) 173 Mustelidae (Mammalia: 490 Monoculicoides (Diptera) 293 Carnivora) 562 Meringis (Siphonaptera) 551, Monomorium (Hymenoptera) (Diptera) 4, 560 583 61, 64, 70, 73 M.shannoni542,560 M. pharaoensis 583 Mycobacterium leprae Merostomata (Arthropoda) 33, Monopsyllus (Siphonaptera) (Bacteria) 481 38 546, 551, 558 Mycteromyia (Diptera) 312, Mesocyclops (Crustacea) 35 Monotremata (Mammalia) 553, 314,324 Mesobuthus (Scorpiones) 672, 621 Mycteromyiini (Diptera) 316, 673, 676, 677 Montisimulium (Diptera) 250 321,323 M. martensi 677 Mormotomyiidae (Diptera) 66 Mydidae (Diptera) 65 M. tamulus 677 Morops (Diptera) 250 (Araneae) 38, Mesomermis flumenalis Morphoidea (Lepidoptera) 586 659, 662, 663, 664, 665, (Nematoda: Mucidus (Diptera) 151, 181, 188 666,673 Mermithoidea) 278 Muridae (Mammalia: Mylabris (Coleoptera) Mesopsylla (Siphonaptera) 547, Rodentia) 79, 109, 557, M. alterna 585 560 558,560 M. cichorii 585 M. apscheronica 560 Murinae (Mammalia: Myopsitta monacha (Aves) 505 M. tuschkan 560 Rodentia) 558, 560, 561, Myriapoda (Arthropoda) 32, M. tuschkan andruschkoi 542 564,568 33,35-6 (Acari) 600, 632, Mus musculus (Mammalia: Myrmecia (Hymenoptera) 583 634-9 Muridae) (= M. M. gulosa 582 Mesothelae (Araneae) 666 domesticus) 636 Myrmecinae (Hymenoptera) Metacnephia (Diptera) 250,251 Musca (Diptera) 20, 44, 391, 583 Metapterini (Hemiptera) 490 393, 398, 404, 409, 411, Mystacinobiidae (Diptera) 67, Metarhizium (Fungi) 508 417, 419, 422, 424, 426, 408 Metastigmata (Acari) 600 438,455 'Myzomyia' (Diptera) 145 Metastriata (Acari) 607 M. autumnalis 422, 423, 425 'Myzorhynchus' (Diptera) 145 Metomphalus (Diptera) 250 M. biseta 418, 423 (Diptera) 65, M. confiscata 391 Nabidae (Hemiptera) 484 430,458 M. crassirostris 389, 392, 394, Nairovirus (virus) 626 Micropsylla (Siphonaptera) 562 397-8, 418, 455 Nannomonas (Protozoa: Micropsylloides (Siphonaptera) M. domestica 13, 52, 403, 404, Sarcomastigophora) 373 562 419,420, 421, 422, 424, Nebo hierichonticus Micropygomyia (Diptera) 91 426, 434, 437, 455, 456, 459 (Scorpiones) 676 Microspora (Protozoa) 195 M. domestica calleva 422 Necator american us Microtominae (Hemiptera) 490 M. domestica complex 418 (Nematoda: Microtomus (Hemiptera) 485 M. domestica curviforceps 422 Strongyloidea) 481 Microtriatoma (Hemiptera) M. jasciata 422 (Diptera) 4, 51, 52, 491,499 M. pattoni 422 55, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, M. borbai 491 M. sorbens 20, 418, 422, 423 64, 67, 68, 72, 73, 74, 100, M. trinidadensis 491 M. vetustissima 418, 422, 423, 120, 241, 289, 403, 578 (Diptera) 66 634 (Diptera) 65 Mimomyia (Diptera) 129, 130, M. vitripennis 422 Nemopalpus (Diptera) 79 Scientific names index 697

Nemorhina (Diptera) 340 Nuttalliellidae (Acari) 601, 608 Onchocercidae (Nematoda: Neoaplectana (Nematoda: (Diptera) 66,70, Filarioidea) 241 Rhabditoidea) 508 74, 340, 408, 489, 581 Onthofagus (Coleoptera) 'Neocellia' (Diptera) 145 Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera) O. bifasciatus 583, 584 Neomacleaya (Diptera) 136 586 O. unifasciatus 583 Neomyia (Diptera) 417 (Diptera) 64 Onychophora (Arthropoda) 'Neomyzomyia' (Diptera) 145 Nymphomyioidea (Diptera) 32,33,34 Neophlebotomus (Diptera) 91, 64 Ophionyssus (Acari) 636 96 Nypa (Palmae) 193 O. natricis 636 Neopsylla (Siphonaptera) 547, Nyssa (Nyssaceae) 193 Ophthalmopsylla 560 Nyssomyia (Diptera) 91, 98, (Siphonaptera) 544, 561 N. bidentatiformis 560 107,109 O. kukuschkini 561 N. inopina 560 Nyssorhynchus (Diptera) 145, O. volgensis 561 N. mana 560 173,202 O. volgensis palestinica 541, N. pleskei 560 545,548 N, pleskei orientalis 560 (Diptera) 151, 202 (Diptera) 130, 140, 148, N. setosa 560 Ochotona (Mammalia: 152 N. setosa spinea 542 Lagomorpha) 557 O. fuscus 136, 152, 153, 160, Neotheobaldia (Diptera) 185 Ochotonidae (Mammalia: 174, 181, 185, 192, 194 Neotoma (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) 557 Opiliocarida (Acari) 600 Rodentia) 557 Ochrogaster (Lepidoptera) 586 Opiliones (Arachnida) 597, Neotrombicula autumnalis Octomyomermis muspratti 659 (Acari) 644, 646 (Nematoda: Opisocrostis (Siphonaptera) Neotyphloceras (Siphonaptera) Mermithoidea) 195 550,561 552,560 (Diptera) 66 Opisodasys (Siphonaptera) 551, N. crassispina 543 Odocoileus virginianus 561 N. rosenbergi 560 (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) O. keeni 548 Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae, 612 O. nesiotus 561 pitcher plants) 147, 154, Odonata (Insecta) 39, 40, 43, Opisthacanthus (Scorpiones) 193 324 669 (Diptera) 65 Odontomyia (Diptera) 59 (Diptera) 66 (Diptera) 65 Oecacta (Diptera) 293 (Diptera) 66 (Diptera) 66 Oeciacus (Hemiptera) 488 Orbivirus (virus) 626 Neuroptera (Insecta) 40 O. hirundinis 487 Orchopeas (Siphonaptera) 550, Nevermannia (Diptera) 251 Oedemagena (Diptera) 441, 462 561 Niptus (Coleoptera) 583 O. tarandi 441 O. howardi 538 (Lepidoptera) 586, Oedemeridae (Coleoptera) 585 O. leucopus 548, 561 587,588 Oestridae (Diptera) 58, 67, 70, O. neotomae 561 Nosema algerae (Protozoa: 74, 75, 340, 409, 410, 419, O. sexdentatus 561 Microspora) 195 430, 431, 432, 436, 438-45, O. sexdentatus pennsylvanicus Nosinius (Siphonaptera) 561 460 546 Nosopsyllus (Siphonaptera) Oestrinae (Diptera) 436, 438, (Diptera) 322 546,561 439,440, 534 Orgizomyia N. aralis 561 (Diptera) 66, 68, (Acari) 600 N. consimilis 561 69, 70, 73, 340 Ornithocoris (Hemiptera) 488 N. fasciatus 534, 537, 538, Oestrus (Diptera) 430, 431 O. toledoi 487 542,561 O. ovis 410, 439, 440 Ornithodorinae (Acari) 601 N. laeviceps 561 Onchocerca (Nematoda: Ornithodoros (Acari) 601, 602, N. mokrzeckyi 561 Filarioidea) 21, 241, 271, 607, 608, 610, 616, 619, N. nilgeriensis 561 274, 279, 300 621, 624, 629, 630, 648, N. tersus 561 O. cebei 300 649,652 N. turkmenicus 561 O. cervicalis 300 O. coriaceus 611 Nothobranchius (Pisces) 212 O. gibsoni 300 O. erraticus 611, 630 Nothybidae (Diptera) 65 O. gutturosa 300 O. hermsi 611, 630 Notodontidae (Lepidoptera) O. lienalis 271 O. moubata 603, 610, 611, 624, 586 O. sweetae (= cebei) 300 630 Notoedres cati (Acari) 639 O. tarsicola 271 o. moubata porcinus 611, 630 Notolepria (Diptera) 251 O. volvulus 8, 241, 255, 266, O. papillipes (= tholozani) 611 namaqua (Acari) 267, 270, 271, 272, 273, O. parkeri 611, 630 601, 608 277,279 O. rostratus 611 698 Scientific names index

O. rudis 611, 630 Pangoniinae (Diptera) 311, Pauropoda (Arthropoda) 33, O. savignyi 610, 611, 622 314,316,321, 322 35 O. talaje 611 Pangoniini (Diptera) 314, 316, Parvidens (Diptera) 91, 93, 95 O. tholozani 611, 630 321,323 Passicimex (Hemiptera) 488 O. turicata 611, 630 Panstrongylus (Hemiptera) 492, Pectinoctenus (Siphonaptera) O. venezuelensis (= rudis) 497,500,501 560 611 P. chinai 492 Pediculidae (Phthiraptera) 518 Ornithonyssus (Acari) 636 P. diasi 492 Pediculus (Phthiraptera) 517-26 O. bacoti 633, 636, 637 P. geniculatus 492, 503, 505 P. capitis 517-26 O. bursa 633, 636, 638 P. guentheri 492 P. humanus 517-26 O. sylviarum 633, 637, 638 P. herrei 492 (Diptera) 64 Oropsylla (Siphonaptera) 545, P. howardi 493 Penicus (Siphonaptera) 561 550,561 P. humeralis 493 Pentastomida 32, 33, 36, 37, 38 O. brunneri 561 P. lenti, 493 (Diptera) 80 O. hirsuta 561 P. lignarius 493 Peripatus (Onychophora) 34 O. idahoensis 561 P. lutzi 493 Periplaneta (Dictyoptera) 475 O. ilovaiskii 561 P. megistus 493, 495, 496, P. americana 473,475,477, O. labis 561 497, 501, 505, 509, 510 478,479 O. montana 546, 549, 561 P. rufotuberculatus 493 P. australasiae 473, 475, 477, O. rupestris 561 P. tupynambai 493 478 O. silantiewi 547, 549, 561 (Diptera) P. brunnea 479 O. tuberculata 561 65 P. fuliginosa 479 Orthellia (Diptera) (= Parabelminus (Hemiptera) 491, (Diptera) 66 Neomyia) 417 499 Perissodactyla (Mammalia) Orthognatha (Araneae) 665, P. carioca 491 439,443 666 P. yurupucu 491 (Diptera) 64 Orthopodomyia (Diptera) 134, Parabuthus (Scorpiones) 672, Peromyscopsylla 135, 137, 140, 146, 157, 673, 676, 677 (Siphonaptera) 551, 561 161, 172, 175, 176, 193 P. fulvipes 677 P. hesperomys adelpha 561 O. alba 161 P. granulatus 677 P. scotti 543 O. pulcripalpis 161, 163, 187 P. liosoma 677 Peromyscus leucopus O. signifera 161, 187, 193 P. pallidus 677 (Mammalia: Rodentia) 612 Orthopodomyiini (Diptera) Parabyssodon (Diptera) 251 Phacochoerus aethiopicus 140 Paracimex (Hemiptera) 488 (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) Orthoptera (Insecta) 39, 40, Paradoxopsyllus 369 474 (Siphonaptera) 544, 561 Phasmida (Insecta) 40, 474 Oryctolagus cuniculus P. curvispinus 561 Philaematomyia insignis (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) P. dashidorzhii 561 (Diptera) (= Musca 568 P. teretifrons 546,549,561 crassirostris) 398 Oryzomys (Mammalia: Paragonimus (Trematoda: (Diptera) 322 Rodentia) 103 Plagiorchidea) 34 Philipotabanus (Diptera) 322 Otitidae (Diptera) 65 P. westermani 34 (Diptera) 314, 321 Otobinae (Acari) 601 'Paramyzomyia' (Diptera) 145 P. magrettii 310, 311 Otobius (Acari) 601, 602, 608, Paraphlebotomus (Diptera) 83, Philolichini (Diptera) 316, 321 610,621 87, 91, 94, 97, 107, 108 Phimophorinae (Hemiptera) O. lagophilus 610 Parasarcophaga crassipalpis 490 O. megnini 610 (Diptera) 12, 422 Phimophorini (Hemiptera) Otomyinae (Siphonaptera) 558 (Diptera) 249, 490 Oxytelus (Coleoptera) 584 250 Phlebotomidae (Diptera) 89 (Diptera) 245, Phlebotominae (Diptera) 8, 68, (Diptera) 64 247, 249, 250 72, 74, 75, 78-119, 288, Pachyneuroidea (Diptera) 64 (Acari) 600 457,578 Paederus (Coleoptera) 584, 585 Paratriatoma (Hemiptera) 493, Phlebotomus (Diptera) 9, 17, 57, P. sabaeus 584 500 78, 82, 84, 85, 88, 89, 90, (Diptera) 66 P. hirsuta 493 91, 93, 94, 96-8, 99, 107, (Diptera) 295 Paraustrosimulium (Diptera) 108, 113, 252, 302 Pan troglodytes (Mammalia: 250 P. alexandri 83, 97, 108 Primates) 521 Parrotomyia (Diptera) 86, 91, P. andrejevi 106 Pandanus (Pandanaceae) 193 96 P. ansarii 108 Scientific names index 699

P. arabieus 83 (Diptera) 65 Pressatia (Diptera) 91 P. argentipes 9, 90, 97, 100, Piratinae (Hemiptera) 490 Primicimex (Hemiptera) 488 101, 102, 108 Pisauridae (Araneae) 664 Primicimicinae (Hemiptera) P. ariasi 100, 108 Pistia (Araceae) 188, 211 488 P. eaueasieus 106, 108 Plasmodiidae (Protozoa: Proboscidea (Mammalia) 439 P. celiae 108 Apicomplexa) 241 Proechimys (Mammalia: P. chinensis 86, 102, 108 Plasmodium (Protozoa: Rodentia) 103 P. duboscqi 108 Plasmodiidae) 21, 197 Proleptoconops (Diptera) 295 P. kandelakii 86, 87, 108 P. falciparum 197, 200 Propicimex (Hemiptera) 488 P. langeroni 108 P. malariae 197,200 Prosimuliinae (Diptera) 249, P. longicuspis 108 P. ovale 197 251 P. longiductus 108 P. vivax 197, 200 (Diptera) 249, 264 P. longipes 100,108 (Diptera) 65 (Diptera) 242, 243, P. martini 108 (Diptera) 65 248,250, 254, 259, 261, P. mongolensis 106 (Diptera) 65 266, 268 P. negleetus 108 Plecoptera (Insecta) 40 P. mixtum 269, 277 P. newsteadi 95 Pleochaetis (Siphonaptera) 561 P. ursinum 262 P. nuri 87 P. exilis 561 (Acari) 600, 642 P. orientalis 97, 108 Plocopsylla (Siphonaptera) 552, Pro striata (Acari) 607 P. papatasi 80, 81, 86, 97, 561 Protacarus crani (Acari) 597 100, 102, 103, 106, 108, 110 P. hector 561 Proteus (Bacteria) P. pedifer 108 P. ulysses 548 P. mirabilis 459 P. perfiliewi 108 P. wolffsohni 547 P. vulgaris 481 P. perniciosus 104, 108 Ploiariolini (Hemiptera) 490 Protomacleaya (Diptera) 151 P. rossi 98 Plusaetis (Siphonaptera) 551, Protophormia (Diptera) 412, P. salehi 108 562 449 P. sergenti 97, 102, 103, 107, P. dolens quitanus 562 P. terraenovae 412,438, 449, 108 P. equatoris 562 - 451,459 P. smirnovi 108 Poecilia reticulata (Pisces) 212 Protozoa 104, 195, 398, 567, 625 P. tobbi 88, 108 Polistes (Hymenoptera) 582 Protura (Insecta) 33, 40 P. transcaucasicus 108 Pollenia (Diptera) 589 Psammolestes (Hemiptera) 492, P. vansomerenae 108 Polyceroconas (Myriapoda) 35 499, 503, 505 Phoneutria (Araneae) 667, 672, Polyctenidae (Diptera) 483, P. arthuri 492 676 484, 485, 486, 489 P. coreodes 492 P. fera 660,667 Polygenis (Siphonaptera) 550, P. tertius 492 P. nigriventer 667 551,562 Psammomys (Mammalia: P. rufibarbis 667 P. brachinus 562 Rodentia) 109 Phoniomyia (Diptera) 125, 135, P. gwyni 562 Psaroniocompsa (Diptera) 251 140, 146, 148, 173 P. litargus 538, 562 Psathyromyia (Diptera) 91 P. juscipes 135 P. platensis cisandinus 562 Psechridae (Araneae) 664 Phonolibini (Hemiptera) 490 Pomeroyellum (Diptera) 251 Pseudocetherini (Hemiptera) (Diptera) 65,69,430, Pongidae (Mammalia: 490 435,456,578,579,589 Primates) 518 Pseudoficalbia (Diptera) 157, Phormia (Diptera) 412, 438, 449 Pontoculicoides (Diptera) 293 185,193 P. regina 412, 449, 451, 459 Porocephalida (Pentastomida) Pseudolynchia (Diptera) 409 Phrynichida (Arachnida) 662 36 P. eanariensis 581 Phthiraptera (Insecta) 39, 40, Porocephaloidea Pseudomonas (Bacteria) 583 518 (Pentastomida) 36 P. aeruginosa 481 Phthirus (Phthiraptera) (= Potamochoerus porcus Pseudoscione (Diptera) 323 Pthirus) 517 (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) Pseudoscorpiones (Arachnida) Phymatinae (Hemiptera) 490 369 38, 659 Phymatini (Hemiptera) 490 Potamon (Crustacea: Pseudotabanus (Diptera) 316, Physoderinae (Hemiptera) 490 Decapoda) 34 322 Piezosimulium (Diptera) 250 Potamonautes (Crustacea: (Diptera) 65 Pintomyia (Diptera) 91, 109 Decapoda) 35, 255, 262 Psilopelmia (Diptera) 5, 251 Piophila easei (Diptera) 458 Premolis semirufa P. ochracea 5 (Diptera) 66, 430, (Lepidoptera) 586 see also Simulium 434, 436, 458 Presby tis (Mammalia: ochraceum Pipiza (Diptera) 59 Primates) 205 Psilozia (Diptera) 251 700 Scientific names index

Psitticimex (Hemiptera) 488 Pygiopsyllidae (Siphonaptera) R. pallescens 492, 505 Psocoptera (Insecta) 40, 589 535, 553, 562 R. paraensis 492 (Diptera) 131, 134, Pyralidae (Lepidoptera) 586, R. pictipes 492, 498 136, 137, 140, 145, 148, 588 R. prolixus 492,495,498,501, 152, 171, 180, 181, 184, Pyralis farinalis (Lepidoptera) 502, 503, 505, 508, 509, 510 185, 186, 188, 192, 211, 586 R. robustus 492, 498 217, 220, 438 'Pyretophorus' (Diptera) 145 Rhombomys (Mammalia: P. ciliata 152, 177 (Diptera) 65 Rodentia) 109, 110 P. columbiae 152 (Acari) 634, R. opimus 110 P. confinnis 152, 177, 191 641,642 Rhopalopsyllidae P. cyanescens 177 (Siphonaptera) 535, 536, P. discolor 152 Rachisoura (Diptera) 131, 188 553, 559, 562 P. ferox 152, 178 Ralipsylla (Siphonaptera) 562 Rhopalopsyllus (Siphonaptera) Psychoda (Diptera) 434, 578 Rattus norvegicus (Mammalia: 551,562 P. albipennis 457 Rodentia) 636 R. lugubris 538 P. alternata 457, 578 Ravenala (Strelitziaceae) 193 Rhynchophthirina (Diptera) 57, 68, (Hemiptera) 483, (Phthiraptera) 518 78, 79, 80, 85, 92, 430, 433, 484,485,486,489-502 Rhynchotaenia (Diptera) 155 434, 457, 577, 578 Reduviinae (Hemiptera) 490, Rhyparobia maderae (Diptera) 64, 79, 491 (Dictyoptera) 479 80,92,457 Reoviridae (virus) 626 (Diptera) 65 Psychodoidea (Diptera) 64, 68 Rhadinopsylla (Siphonaptera) Ricinulei (Arachnida) 662 (Diptera) 64, 531, 547, 562 Rickettsia (Rickettsiales) 524, 67,68 R. cedes tis 562 525 Psychodopygus (Diptera) 86, R. Ii ventricosa 544, 562 R. akari 636 90, 91, 98, 107, 109 R. ucrainica 562 R. australis 612, 628 Psyllidae (Hemiptera) 65, 483, (Diptera) 55, 64, R. conori 568, 612, 613, 615, 484 69, 579-80 628 Pternaspatha (Diptera) 251, 259 Rhaphidosomini (Hemiptera) R. mooseri 525 Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera) 490 R. orientalis (= 324 Rhigioglossa (Diptera) 321, 322 tsutsugamushi) 646 (Insecta) 33 Rhinocricus (Myriapoda) 35 R. prowazeki 21, 524, 525 Pthiridae (Phthiraptera) 518 Rhinoestrus purpureus R. quintana 525 Pthirus pubis (Phthiraptera) (Diptera) 439 R. rickettsi 613 517-26 Rhinomyzini (Diptera) 316, R. sibirica 613, 628 Ptinidae (Coleoptera) 583 321 R. tsutsugamushi 646 Ptychoptera (Diptera) 59 (Diptera) 67, R. typhi 568 (Diptera) 59, 70,73,408 Risidae (Diptera) 66 64 Rhipicentor (Acari) 609, 621 Rodentia (Mammalia) 439 (Diptera) Rhipicephalinae (Acari) 601 Romanomermis culicivorax 64 Rhipicephalus (Acari) 601, 602, (Nematoda: Pulex (Siphonaptera) 537, 550, 606, 609, 613, 618, 621, 627 Mermithoidea) 195, 212 562 R. appendiculatus 613, 621, Rondanomyia (Diptera) 96 P. irritans 534, 535, 536, 537, 628, 648, 651, 652 (Diptera) 66 540, 562, 563, 567 R. evertsi 613 Runchomyia (Diptera) 140, 147 P. simulans 537, 562 R. sanguineus 613, 615, 628, Pulicidae (Siphonaptera) 535, 652 Sabethes (Diptera) 125, 135, 536,553,554,558,559, Rhodniini (Hemiptera) 490, 136, 140, 146, 147, 163, 562, 563, 564 492 170, 193 Pulicoidea (Siphonaptera) 533, Rhodnius (Hemiptera) 492, 497, S. belisarioi 147 536 498, 499, 501, 503, 505, S. chloropterus 148, 181, 192, Pupipara (Diptera) 70, 340 506,507 207 Pycnogonida (Arthropoda) 33, R. brethesi 492 Sabethini (Diptera) 139, 140, 38 R. dalessandroi 492, 498 146-8, 172, 192 Pyemotes (Acari) 642 R. domesticus 492 Saicinae (Hemiptera) 490, 496 P. tritici 634, 643, 647 R. ecuadoriensis 492, 505 Saicini (Hemiptera) 490 P. ventricosus (= tritici) 647 R. nasutus 492 Salmonella (Bacteria) 424, 425, Pyemotidae (Acari) 634, 643, R. neglectus 492, 498, 505 481, 560, 561, 581, 583 647 R. neivai 492 S. bovis morbificans 481 Scientific names index 701

S. enteritidis 568 Sciuridae (Mammalia: S. amazonicum 269 S. typhi 481 Rodentia) 558, 560, 561, S. amazonicum group 259, S. typhimurium 480, 481, 568 563,569 267 Salticidae (Araneae) 667, 671 Scolopendromorpha S. aokii 270 Salvinia (Salviniaceae) 211 (Myriapoda) 36 S. arakawae 269 Salyavatinae (Hemiptera) 490 Scorpio maurus (Scorpiones) S. arcticum 266, 277 Sansevieria (Agavaceae) 193 663 S. arcticum complex 266 Sarcophaga (Diptera) 415, 422, Scorpiones (Arachnida) 38, S. argentiscutum 269 437,438,450,452,464 659-82 S. bovis 258 S. crassipalpis 12, 415, 422, Scorpionidae (Scorpiones) 663, S. buissoni 268 453 669,676 S. callidum 269 S. cruentata 415, 422, 452, S. cholodkovskii 269 453 (Araneae) 674 S. chutteri 279 S. haemorrhoidalis (= Scutigeromorpha (Myriapoda) s. colombaschense 269, 279 cruentata) 452 36 S. damnosum 4,57,267,268, Sarcophagidae (Diptera) 12, Selasoma (Diptera) 322 273, 275, 276, 278, 279 61, 67, 70, 73, 409, 410, Semiadalia undecimnotata S. damnosum complex 4,14, 414,415,419,421-2,429, (Coleoptera) 585 246, 251,252, 254, 255, 430, 431, 436, 437, 450, (Diptera) 60, 66, 430, 256, 257, 260, 261, 263, 452-3,459 458 264,265,266, 273, 274, Sarcophaginae (Diptera) 421, Sepsis (Diptera) 60 275,276,277, 279, 582 422 Sergentomyia (Diptera) 78, 82, 'Jimma' sibling 268 Sarcoptes scabiei (Acari) 631, 83, 84, 85, 86, 89, 90, 91, 'Kapere' sibling 268 633,639-41 93, 96, 98, 99 'Ketaketa' sibling 268 S: scabiei form hominis 639 S. babu 87 'Nkusi' sibling 268 Sarcoptidae (Acari) 633, 634, S. garnhami 98 S. decimatum 269 639-41 S. palestinensis 86 S. decorum complex 263 Sarracenia (Sarraceniaceae) S. punjabensis 86 S. dentulosum 257 187, 190 S. schwetzi 84 S. dukei 258 S. purpurea 193 S. squamipleuris 86 S. equinum 264 Saturniidae (Lepidoptera) 586, Sericopelma (Araneae) 667 S. erythrocephalum 12, 269, 587 Serratia marcescens (Bacteria) 270 Sauroleishmania (Protozoa: 481 S. ethiopiense 258, 268, 273, Sarcomastigophora), 98 Sessinia collaris (Coleoptera) 275 (Diptera) 321, 323 585 S. exiguum 256,274,277 (Coleoptera) 583, Shannoniana (Diptera) 140, 147 S. exiguum complex 251, 252, 584,585 Shigella (Bacteria) 424, 425, 481 256, 269, 277 (Diptera) 66, S. dysenteriae 481 s. griseicolle 257 73, 195, 411 Sibine (Lepidoptera) 586 S. guianense 269, 274, 277 (Diptera) 64 Sicariidae (Araneae) 660, 667, S. horacioi 269 Scelionidae (Hymenoptera) 672 S. indicum 269 324 (Diptera) 321 S. jenningsi complex 269 (Diptera) 60, 65, Simuliidae (Diptera) 4, 5, 12, S. jolyi 268 430,433,434,458 14, 15, 41, 55, 57, 58, 61, S. kilibanum 268, 275 Scenopinus (Diptera) 60, 434, 63, 64, 68, 71, 72, 73, 74, S. laciniatum 268 458 75,79,90,100,241-87,300 S. lineatum 243 Scepsidinae (Diptera) 321 (Diptera) 4,5,249, S. luggeri 266, 277 (Diptera) 321 250,251 S. maculatum 269 (Diptera) 65, 67, (Diptera) 4, 5, 249, S. mengense 268 69 250,251 S. metallicum 273, 274 Schoenbaueria (Diptera) 251 Simulium (Diptera) 4, 5, 12, 21, S. metallicum complex 251, Sciadoceridae (Diptera) 65 55, 57, 241, 244, 245, 246, 252, 256, 269, 277 (Diptera) 64 248, 250, 251, 252, 254, S. neavei 255, 258, 261, 262, (Diptera) 64 255, 257-8, 259, 264, 266, 268,273,275,276,277,278 (Diptera) 66 267, 268, 270, 272, 274, S. neavei group 35, 245, 251, Scione (Diptera) 321 276,278 252, 255, 258, 266, 273, Scionini (Diptera) 316, 321, S. adersi 257 275, 276, 279 323 S. albivirgulatum 251, 258, S. ochraceum 5,242,274,278 Sciopemyia (Diptera) 91 268,275 S. ochraceum complex 251, 702 Scientific names index

S. ochraceum complex (cont'd) Sphaeridopinae (Hemiptera) S. athalae 562 252,256,264,266,269, 490 S. cognatus 562 273, 277, 278 (Diptera) 66, Stomoxyinae (Diptera) 74, 75, S. ornatum 264 69, 73, 458, 579, 580, 581, 340, 389, 390, 391, 398, S. ornatum complex 265,269 589 399,403,417,418,419,422 S. ovazzae 258 (Diptera) 66 Stomoxys (Diptera) 57, 340, S. oyapockense 263,269,274, Sphaeromyiini (Diptera) 295 390, 391, 393, 395, 396, 277 Sphinctopsylla (Siphonaptera) 397,409,422,438,456 S. parnassum 269 552,562 S. calcitrans 389, 390, 392, S. pertinax 269 S. ares 546, 548 393, 395, 397, 398, 399, 455 S. pictipes 266 S. inca 543 S. niger (nigra) 393, 395, 397, S. posticatum 261, 266, 269, S. mars 562 398 270 Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) 586 S. ochrosoma 397 S. quadrivittatum 269, 274, Spilopsylla cuniculi S. sitiens 393, 395, 397 277 (Siphonaptera) 555,556, (Diptera) 59, 65, S. rasyani 268,273 568 430, 433, 458 S. reptans 269 Spirobolus (Myriapoda) 35 (Diptera) 65 S. sanctipau/i 268, 275 Spirostreptus (Myriapoda) 35 (Diptera) 66, 70, 74, S. sanctipauli subcomplex 4, Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) 340, 408, 581, 534 255, 268, 275 584,585 Strelitzia (Strelitziaceae) 193 S. sanguineum 269 Staphylococcus (Bacteria) 583 Strepsiptera (Insecta) 40, 51 S. sirbanum 253,259,268, S. aureus 481, 560 Streptococcus (Bacteria) 583 273, 275, 276, 278, 279 Steatoda (Araneae) 667 S. faecalis 481 S. soubrense 4,268 S. albomaculata 664 Stricticimex (Hemiptera) 488 S. squamosum 268,275 S. ancoratus 667 S. transiens 269 S. andinus 667 (Diptera) 65 S. truncatum 269 S. payculliana 675 Styloconops (Diptera) 295, 302 S. tuberosum complex 269 Stegomyia (Diptera) 149, 150, Stypommisa (Diptera) 322 S. venustum complex 252, 151, 173, 193, 202 Suidae (Mammalia: 269,270, 277 (Diptera) 250 Artiodactyla) 369, 370, 371 S. vittatum complex, 254, Stenistomera (Siphonaptera) Sulcicnephia (Diptera) 250 259, 266, 269, 270 550,562 Supella (Dictyoptera) S. wellmanni 257,258 S. alpina 562 S. longipalpa 473, 476, 477, S. woodi 255, 258, 263, 268, S. macrodactyla 541,562 479 273,275 Stenopodainae (Hemiptera) S. superlectilium (= S. yahense 268 490 longipalpa) 479 Sinorhadinopsylla Stenoponia (Siphonaptera) 547, Suragina (Diptera) 580 (Siphonaptera) 562 562 Sycoracinae (Diptera) 79, 85, Sintonius (Diptera) 82, 91, 93, S. conspecta 562 92 96,98 S. sidimi 544 (Diptera) 434 Siphonaptera (Insecta) 14, 39, S. tripectinata 562 S. fenestralis 457 40,529-75 S. vlasovi 562 Sylvilagus (Mammalia: Siphunculata (Phthiraptera) (Diptera) 322 Lagomorpha) 558 518 Stenoxenini (Diptera) 295 Symphoromyia (Diptera) 55, 69, Siphunculina funicola (Diptera) Stephanocircidae 579 579,580 (Siphonaptera) 535, 554, Symphyla (Myriapoda) 33, 35 Solenopsis richteri 558, 561, 562 Synceros caffer (Mammalia: (Hymenoptera) 583 Stephanocircinae Artiodactyla) 369 Solifugae (Arachnida) 38, 659, (Siphonaptera) 554 Synneuridae (Diptera) 364 662 Stephanofilaria stilesi Synopsyllus (Siphonaptera) Somatiidae (Diptera) 65 (Nematoda: Filarioidea) 548, 562 Spaniopsis (Diptera) 580 399 S. fonquerniei 562 S. longicornis 579 Sternorrhyncha (Hemiptera) Synosternus (Siphonaptera) Spelaeomyia (Diptera) 84, 91, 95 485,486 548,563 Spelaeophlebotomus (Diptera) Stethomyia (Diptera) 145 S. pallidus 535, 563 85, 90, 91, 93 Stibasoma (Diptera) 322 Synphlebotomus (Diptera) 91, Spermophilus (Mammalia: Stilobezziini (Diptera) 295 94, 97, 107, 108 Rodentia) 558, 559, 561, Stivalius (Siphonaptera) 538, Synthesiomyia (Diptera) 455 563,626 544, 552, 562 S. nudiseta 455, 456 Scientific names index 703

Synxenoderus (Hemiptera) 488 Thaumetopoea (Lepidoptera) T. gracilis 135 Syringogastridae (Diptera) 65 586 Toxorhynchites (Diptera) 120, Syrphidae (Diptera) 59, 65, 69, Thaumetopoeidae 121, 131, 134, 135, 136, 73,430,433,435,457 (Lepidoptera) 586 140, 141, 142, 152, 163, Syrphinae (Diptera) 457 Theileria parva (Protozoa: 175, 176, 181, 187, 188, (Diptera) 65 Apicomplexa) 613 192, 193, 194, 206, 212, 213 Syrphus (Diptera) 457 (Nematoda: T. noctezuma 181 S. ribesii 435 Spiruroidea) 424 T. rutilus 193 Thelohania (Protozoa: T. splendens 142 Microspora) 195 Toxorhynchitinae (Diptera) Tabanidae (Diptera) 55, 56, 57, Thelyphonida (Arachnida) 38, 121, 139, 140, 141-2, 152, 61, 64, 68, 69, 72, 73, 74, 659 167,172 75, 310-32, 430, 431, 433, Themonocorini (Hemiptera) Tragelaphus (Mammalia: 434,568 490 Artiodactyla) (Diptera) 312, 314, Theobaldia (Diptera) 159 T. scriptus 369 316, 322, 323 Theraphosa (Araneae) 667 T. strepsiceros 369 (Diptera) 312, 316, Theraphosidae (Araneae) 667, Transphlebotomus (Diptera) 91, 321, 322, 324 670,671 94,95 Tabanocella (Diptera) 322 Thereva (Diptera) 434 Trechona (Araneae) 667,670 (Diptera) 64, 69 (Diptera) 65, 430, Triatoma (Hemiptera) 493, 497, (Diptera) 64, 433,434,458 500,501,502 65,67,69 Theridiidae (Araneae) 659, T. amicitiae 493, 501 (Diptera) 25, 55, 57, 667, 672, 675 T. arthurneivai 493 252, 310, 314, 315, 316, Thermobia domestica (Insecta: T. barberi 493, 505 321, 322, 323, 434 Zygentoma) 589 T. bolivari 493, 498 T. atratus 325 Thrassis (Siphonaptera) 550, T. bouvieri 493, 501 T. jraternus 312 563 T. brailovskyi 493, 498 T. iyoensis 322 T. acamantis 549, 563 T. brasiliensis 493, 495, 505 T. lineola 323 T. arizonensis 564 T. breyeri 493 T. taeniola 325 T. bacchi 564 T. bruneri 493, 498 T. trivittatus 323 T. fotus 564 T. carrioni 493 (Diptera) 67, 70, T. jrancisis 564 T. cavernicola 493 72, 73, 324, 409, 410, 422 T. pandorae 564 T. circummaculata 493 Tachiniscidae (Diptera) 65 T. petiolatus 564 T. costalimai 493, 498 Taeniothrips inconsequens T. stanfordi 564 T. deanei 493 (Thysanoptera) 588 Thrips (Thysanoptera) 588 T. delpontei 493 Tamias (Mammalia: Rodentia) T. imaginis 588 T. dimidiata 493, 495, 501, 626 T. tabaci 588 505 (Diptera) 64 Thysanoptera (Insecta) 40,588 T. dispar 493 (Diptera) 65 Thysanura (Insecta) 33,39,589 T. eratyrusiformis 493 Tardigrada (Arthropoda) 32, Tiamastus (Siphonaptera) 551, T. flavida 493 33,38 564 T. gallardoi (= patagonica) T. cavicola 564 498 Tarentula (Araneae) 667 Tipula (Diptera) 434, 457 T. gerstaeckeri 493 Tegeini (Hemiptera) 490 T. oneili 6 T. guasayana 493,505 Teichomyza (Diptera) 433 Tipulidae (Diptera) 58, 62, 63, T. guazu 493 Teichomyza fusca (Diptera) 64, 68, 73, 430, 433, 434, T. hegneri 493 435,458 457,576 T. incrassata 493 Telmatoscopus (Diptera) 457 (Diptera) 64 T. indictiva 493 Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera) Tityus (Scorpiones) 672, 673, T. infestans 493, 495, 501, 585 676,677 502,503,505,509,510 Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera) T. bahiensis 677 T. lecticularia 494 583 T. cambridgei 677 T. lenti 494 (Diptera) 65, 458 T. serrulatus 677, 678 T. leopoldi 494, 501 (Diptera) 65 T. trinitatis 675, 677, 678 T. limai 494 (Diptera) 66 T. trivittatus 677 T. longipennis 494 Tetragnathidae (Araneae) 664 Tlalocomyia (Diptera) 250 T. maculata 494, 509 Tetranychidae (Acari) 643 Topomyia (Diptera) 131, 140, T. matogrossensis 494 (Diptera) 64, 68 147, 193 T. matsunoi 494, 498 704 Scientific names index

T. mazzottii 494, 503 Trichuris (Nematoda: 136, 137, 139, 140, 146, T. melanocephala 494 Trichinelloidea) 424 154, 157, 172, 173, 176, T. mexicana 494 T. trichiura 481 178, 185, 191, 193, 194 T. migrans 494, 501 Trigona (Hymenoptera) 582 U. anhydor 157 T. neotomae 494 Trilobita (Arthropoda) 32, 33 U. caeruleocephala 128 , T. nigromaculata 494 Trilobitomorpha (Arthropoda) U. garnhami 193 T. nitida 494 32,33 U. lowii 157 T. obscura 494 Tripteroides (Diptera) 131, 134, U. sapphirina 157 T. oliveirai 494 135, 140, 147, 169, 170, U. shillitonis 193 T. pallidipennis 494 173, 176, 188, 193 U. unguiculata 157 T. patagonica 494, 498 T. bambusa 181, 193 Uranotaeniini (Diptera) 140 T. peninsularis 494 T. filipes 133 Uropsylla tasmanica T. petrochii 494 T. powelli 133, 135 (Siphonaptera) 555 T. phyllosoma 494 T. stonei 135 Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) T. picturata 494 Trithecoides (Diptera) 293 195 T. platensis 494, 503 Tritopsylla (Siphonaptera) 557 T. protracta 494,503,505 Trombicula (Acari) 642 Vaejovidae (Scorpiones) 663, T. pseudomaculata 494, 505 Trombiculidae (Acari) 599, 669,676 T. pugasi 494, 501 634,643,644-7,653 Vaejovis (Scorpiones) 676 T. recurva 494 Tropocyclops (Crustacea) 35 V. spinigerus 663 T. rubida 494 Trypanosoma (Protozoa: Vavraia culicis (Protozoa: T. rubrofasciata 494, 500, 501 Sarcomastigophora) 333, Microspora) 195 T. rubrovaria 495,505 372,373 (Diptera) 65 T. ryckmani 495 T. brucei 21 Vermipsyllidae (Siphonaptera) T. sanguisuga 495, 502 T. brucei brucei 373, 378 535, 536, 554 T. sinaloensis 495 T. brucei gambiense 333,373, Vermipsylloidea T. sinica 495, 501 375, 376, 377, 378 (Siphonaptera) 530 T. sordida 495, 505, 509 T. brucei rhodesiense 333, Vesciinae (Hemiptera) 490 T. spinolai 495, 502, 503, 505 373, 376, 377, 378 Vespa (Hymenoptera) 582 T. tibiamaculata 495 T. congolense 333,373 Vespidae (Hymenoptera) 581 T. venosa 495 T. cruzi 21, 484, 489, 491, Vespula (Hymenoptera) 582 T. vitticeps 495 495, SOl, 505, 506, 507, Viannia (Protozoa: T. williami 495 508,509 Sarcomastigophora) 106 T. wygodzinskyi 495 T. dionisii 487 Viannamyia (Diptera) 91 Triatomidae (Hemiptera) 491 T. incertum 487 Visayanocorini (Hemiptera) Triatominae (Hemiptera) 484, T. rangeli 506 490 486,489-507,508,509 T. simiae 333, 373 Vorticella (Protozoa: Triatomini (Hemiptera) 490, T. vespertilionis 487 Ciliophora) 195 491,492 T. vivax 333,373 Tribelocephalinae (Hemiptera) Trypanosomatidae (Protozoa: Warileya (Diptera) 85,89,90, 490 Sarcomastigophora) 104 91,92,93 (Diptera) 64 Trypanozoon (Protozoa: Wilhelmia (Diptera) 251 Trichoceroidea (Diptera) 64 Sarcomastigophora) 373 Wilhelmiini 5 Trichodagmia (Diptera) 251 Tunga (Siphonaptera) 548, 551, Wohlfahrtia (Diptera) 73, 410, Trichogaster trichopterus 554,564 414,419, 422, 430, 437, 452 (Pisces) 212 T. penetrans 541, 564, 565, W. magnifica 415, 416, 452, Trichogrammatidae 566 460 (Hymenoptera) 324 Tungidae (Siphonaptera) 535, W. meigeni 452 Trichomyiinae (Diptera) 79, 536,554,564 W. nuba 416, 452, 459 85,92 Twinnia (Diptera) 250, 262 W. opaca 452, 460 Trichoprosopon (Diptera) 125, Typha (Typhaceae) 188 W. seguyi 6 135, 136, 137, 140, 141, Tyrophagus (Acari) 634 W. vigil 415, 452, 460 147, 148, 167, 169, 170, T. putrescentiae 642, 643 Wolbachia (Rickettsia-like 173, 182, 188, 193, 194 organism) 165 T. digitatum 181, 189, 190, Udaya (Diptera) 130, 140, 152, W. pipientis 165 191 154 Wuchereria (Nematoda: T. pallidiventer 168 Uloboridae (Araneae) 659, 664 Filarioidea) 21, 205 Trichoptera (Insecta) 40, 589 Uniramia (Arthropoda) 32, 33 W. bancrofti 154, 200, 201, Trichopygomyia (Diptera) 91 (Diptera) 125, 134, 202-3, 204, 205 Scientific names index 705

Wyeomyia (Diptera) 121, 129, X. brasiliensis 564, 565 X. daemonicola 542 131, 135, 136, 140, 146, X. buxtoni 564 X. lippa 564 148, 150, 170, 176, 178, X. cheopis 532,533,534,539, Xiphiopsyllidae 193 555, 564, 565 (Siphonaptera) 535, 554, W. circumcincta 130, 147 X. conformis 564 564 W. confusa 131, 133, 147 X. eridos 564 Xylocoris (Hemiptera) 507 W.luna 131 X. gerbilli 564 (Diptera) 65 W. medioalbipes 187 X. hirsuta 564 (Diptera) 65 W. moerbista 168 X. hirtipes 564 W. smithii 136, 146, 147, 163, X. nubica 564 Yersinia (Bacteria) 107 187, 189, 190, 193 X. nuttalli 564 Y. pestis 21, 481, 567 W. vanduzeei 187 X. philoxera 564 Y. pseudotuberculosis 568 X. phyllomae 564 Xanthosoma (Araceae) 193 X. pirlei 564 Zeugnomyia (Diptera) 140, 152, (Diptera) 66 X. skrjabini 564 154, 188 Xenopsylla (Siphonaptera) 530, X. versuta 564 Zoraptera (Insecta) 40 537, 543, 548, 552, 564, X. vexabilis 564 Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) 586 565,567 Xiphiopsylla (Siphonaptera) Zygentoma (Insecta) 39, 40, X. astia 564, 565 549, 554, 564 589 Subject index

Acarines 597-658 Anaplasmosis 580 affinities 32-3 classification 597, 600 Anautogeny, an autogenous classification of 36-8, 597, overview 597-600 reproduction 176, 264 659 see also ; reservoirs see also ; Scorpions; Adenotrophic viviparity 363 in Brugian filariasis 205 Ticks; Mites; Acarines African honeybee (Apis in leishmaniasis 105, 106, Arboviruses mellifera adansonii) 582 109-10,112 criteria for vectors 22 African horn- (Haematobia in loiasis 325 detection in vector 206, 303 minuta) 398 in 446 infections mentioned African horse-sickness 299, in onchocerciasis 267, 271 African horse sickness 301,303 in -borne infection 624 (AHS) 299,301,303 African swine fever 610, 611 in trypanosomiasis 333, African swine fever 610, Afrotropical region, defined 17 369-70, 373-8, 380 611 Age-grading Animal trypanosomiasis 338 Akabane virus (AKA) 299, in biting midges 299 clinical 373 301 in mosquitoes 180 compared with sleeping Bluetongue virus (BT) 299, sickness 376 300, 301, 302, 303 in sandflies 102 control 379-80 Bovine ephemeral fever Akabane virus 299, 301 transmission of 373,376 (BEF) 301 Allergy Antbears 611 Buttonwillow virus 302 allergens Antelopes 396 Chagres virus 104 bee venom 581 Anthrax 310, 325, 399, 424, 585 Chandipur virus 104 contact 300, 576, 642 Anticoagulants Chikungunya virus 151, inhalant 483,578,586,589, in mosquitoes 138 208 641 in larvae 586 Colorado tick fever (CTF) allergic reactions 300, 483, Ants 581, 582-3 613,626 489,579, 586, 589 as mechanical vectors 583 Congo virus 301 allergic rhinitis 576, 641, 642 and mosquitoes 147, 176, Crimean-Congo bronchial 576,579, 178 haemorrhagic fever 589,641 stings and venoms 581, (CHF) 23, 616, 626, 627 Allopatry 16 582-3 D'Aguilar virus 302 Altamira syndrome 270 vernacular names in text Dengue haemorrhagic American chigger bulldog-ants (Myrmecia) fever (DHF) 207, 208 (Eutrombicula alfreduggesi) 583 Eastern equine 646 driver-ants (Dorylinae) encephalomyelitis American 397 (EEE) 155, 158, 160, 208, (Periplaneta americana) fire-ant (Solenopsis 301 richteri) 583 epizootic haemorrhagic 473, 475, 477, 478, 479 harvester-ants 583 disease of deer (EHD) American dog tick Pharaoh ant (Monomorium 299,301 (Dermacentor variabilis) pharaoensis) 583 equine infectious 613, 625, 628 Apes 518 anaemia virus (EIA V) American babesiosis Aphids 483 325 630 aphid honeydew 101, 175, Gamboa virus 206 Amphibians 158, 178, 324 324 ilheus virus 152 see also Frogs Aphrodisiacs, as 586 Isfahan virus 104 Anaemia 489 Aptery485 Japanese encephalitis GE) Anaphylactic shock 581 595-680 208, 209, 214, 215 Subject index 707

Kotonkan virus 302 Arrow poison, as 585 leprosy 424,481 Kyasanur Forest disease listeriosis 558, 559, 561, (KFD) 612, 624, 626-7 classification 32-3 568 La Crosse virus 161, 208 introduction to 30-47 Oroya fever 104 Lokern virus 302 principal groups of 33-9,40 plague 21, 537, 557, 558, Louping ill virus 612 Ascariasis 481 559,560,561,562,564, Main Drain virus 302 Asian cockroach (Blattella 567-8,569 Mitchell River virus 302 asahinai) 479 distribution 481, 563 Murray Valley Aspergillosis 481 pseudotuberculosis 558, encephalitis (MVE) 159, Assassin bugs (Reduviidae) 559, 560, 561, 568 208,215 483,484,485,486,489-502 rickettsial infections see Nairobi sheep disease 616 Asthma 576,579, 589, 641 Rickettsiae Omsk naemorrhagic fever Australasian region, defined salmonellosis (Salmonella virus 558, 568 17 infections) 424, 425, 481, O'Nyong-Nyong virus Autogeny 176, 264, 298 559, 560, 561, 568, 581, 208 583 Oropouche virus 301 streptococcal infections Palyam virus 302 Babesiosis (Babesia 580 papataci fever 103-4 piroplasms) 612, 629-31 tuberculosis 424 Punta Toro virus 104 Bacilli, see Bacteria veruga peruana 104 Quaranfil virus 610 Bacteria, bacterial infections Rift Valley fever 154, 159, yaws 424, 580 genera mentioned see also Scientific names 208,301 Bacillus 211, 212, 213, 278, Ross River virus 151, 208, index 279,302, 325, 399,426, Bacterial (BTi) 215 585 Russian Spring Summer 211, 212, 278, 302 Bartonella 78, 104 encephalitis (RSSE) 612, Bag 586 626 Brucella 568 Baltic amber, Diptera in 52 Sabo virus 302 Clostridium 583 Bancroftian filariasis 121, 144, St Louis encephalitis Erysipelothrix 568 145,148 (SLE) 159, 161, 176, 208, Escherichia 424, 481 clinical 204-5 214,636 Francisella 325, 568 distribution of 201 sandfly fever 23,78, 103 Klebsiella 481 periodicity in 204 Sango virus 302 Listeria 561, 568 vectors of 202-3 Sathuperi virus 302 Mycobacterium 481 Bartonellosis 78, 104 Shgamonda virus 302 Proteus 459, 481 Bat bugs (Polyctenidae) 483, Shuni virus 302 Pseudomonas 481,583 484, 485, 486, 489 Simbu virus group 301 Salmonella 424,425,480, Bat- (Nycteribiidae) 66, Sindbis virus 208 560, 561, 568, 581, 583 70, 74, 340, 408, 489, 581 three-day fever 103-4, 301 Serratia 481 Bat trypanosomes 487 tick-borne encephalitides Shigella 424, 425, 481 Bats, as hosts 178, 408, 484, (TBE) 558, 559, 560, 612, Staphylococcus 481, 560, 487,489, 505, 553, 621 624,626 583 Bears 178, 241 Toscana virus 104 Streptococcus 481, 583 Bedbugs484,486-9 Venezuelan equine Yersinia 21, 107,481,567, biology 488-9 encephalomyelitis 568 biting pests 488 (VEE) 152, 156, 161, 208, Bacteria medical importance 489 215 Warrego virus 302 infections with vernacular names Western equine anthrax 310,325,399,424, common bedbug (Cimex encephalomyelitis 585 lectularius) 484, 487, 488, (WEE) 159, 160, 208, bartonellosis 78, 104 489 215,301 brucellosis 399, 458 tropical bedbug (Cimex West Nile virus 159, 208 Carrion's disease 104 hemipterus) 484, 487, 488 yellow fever 148, 206-7 cholera 424 Bed nets 179 Zirqua virus 611 diphtheria 424 Bees life cycle in vector 206 erysipeloid 557,558,560, stings and venoms 576, in mosquitoes 206-8 561, 562, 564, 568 581-2 Armadillos 178, 553 impetigo 525 vernacular names in text 708 Subject index

Bees (cont'd) biting behaviour 298-9 breeding sites 275-6, 277 African honeybee (Apis breeding sites 298, 302, control 277-9 mellifera adansonii) 582 303 structure 242, 244-6 European honeybee (Apis dispersal 299, 302 medical importance 267-77 m. mellifera) 582 mating 298 biting pests 267-70 Italian honeybee (Apis m. oviposition 299 pupae ligustica) 582 classification 294-5 pharate 260-1 stingless bees (Melipona) important genera 295 structure 242, 247 582 phylogeny 295 rearing 280-1 sweat-bees (Trigona) 582 control 302 complexes 252-4, Beetles faunal and taxonomic 255-6, 266, 268, 273-7, biting by 585 literature 297 277-9 causing conjunctivitis 584 identification of principal vector-parasite interactions causing dermatitis 584-5 genera 296-7 272-4,277 invasion human body 583 immature stages 294, 295, see also Scientific names forensic importance 583 298,299,302,303,304 index transmission of pathogens medical importance Blackfly fever 270 585 as biting pests 299-300, Black-widow urinogenital infestation by 302 (Latrodectus mactans) 659, 583 as vectors 300-1 667, 672, 674, 676, 678 vernacular names in text preservation 304 (Simulium carpet beetles (Anthrenus) rearing 304 posticatum) 261, 266, 269, 583,584,585 recognition 289-90 270 coconut beetles (Ananta) sampling 303 Blepharitis 524 585 structure 290-4 Blindness dung-beetles mouthparts 290 'Nairobi eye' 584 (Scarabaeidae) 583 wing pattern 291, 292 river-blindness, see larder (Dermestes wing venation 291-2 Onchocerciasis lardarius) 583 veterinary importance Blindness in onchocerciasis meal-worms (tenebrionid as biting pests 300 272,275 larvae) 583 as vectors 300,301-2 Blood-feeding 'Spanish fly' (Lytta Black beetle (cockroach) 477, by biting midges 295,299 vesicatoria) 584, 585 478 by biting muscids 389,396, Bereavement fever 524-5 Blackflies (Simuliidae) 241-87 397-8,399 Biological control adults by bloodsucking bugs 486 of blackflies 278-9 mouthparts 247-8, 264 by 564 of bugs 508 structure 242-3,247-8 by mosquitoes 176-80 of mosquitoes 212-13 wing venation 248 by sandflies 101-2 Biological transmission 20 biology 259-67 by ticks 602, 616, 618, 621, Birds, as hosts biting behaviour 263-4, 622-3,624 of biting midges 300 272-3,276 Blood-meal volume of blackflies 241, 264, 273 of bugs 486, 487, 491, 495, dispersal 266, 275 in biting midges 299, 300 505 host preferences 263-4 in mosquitoes 177 of fleas 552, 553; 559 life-history 259-61 in ticks 602, 622, 623 of horseflies 324 longevity 264 in triatomines 504 of -flies 581 mating 262-3 Bloodsucking bugs of mites 631, 634, 635, 636, oviposition 264-6 (Hemiptera) 483-516 639,641,645 classification 249-56 bat bugs 489 of mosquitoes 157, 158, 159, collecting 279-82 bedbugs 486-9 160, 165, 178, 179 control 213, 275, 277-9 blood-feeding 484-5, 486 of ticks 601, 609, 610, 612, biological 278-9 classification 485-6 616, 621, 627 diagnosis 242-3 eggs 485 of tsetse-flies 371, 438 eggs 261, 264-6 medical importance, minor Biosystematics 2 faunal and taxonomic families 507 Birnavirus 302 literature 258-9 mouthparts 484-5 Biting midges 242 recognition 484-5 (Ceratopogonidae) identification 254-8 see also Bedbugs; 288-309 larvae Triatomine bugs biology 298-9 biology 259-62 Bloodsucking moths 587-8 Subject index 709

Bloodsucking muscid flies Brill Zinsser disease 524-5 Calabar swellings 325 389-402 Brown-banded cockroach California viruses 152 biology 396--8 (Supella longipalpa) 473, Calyptrate flies 54, 56, 62, 66, of Haematobia 396--7 476, 477, 479 67, 69, 70, 390, 403-28, of Musca 397 Brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus 432,460 of Stomoxys 397 sanguineus) 613, 615, 628, classification 66--7 collecting 400 652 identification to families control 399-400 Brown ear tick (Rhipicephalus 407-11 disease and pathogen appendiculatus) 613, 621, general biology 419-20 relations 398-9 628, 648, 651, 652 medical importance 419 faunal and taxonomic Brown recluse spiders morphology 406--7, 409 literature 395--6 (Loxosceles) 667, 672, 676 Camels 439,452, 610, 639 identification man-biting Brown-striped wood Camel-spiders (Solifugae) 38, species 391-5 (Aedes 659,662 immature stages 390-1 excrucians) 121, 167 Canthariasis 583 rearing 400 Brown-tail moth (Euproctis) Cantharidin 585 recognition 389-90 586 Capitulum 598, 599, 602, vernacular names in text Brucellosis 399, 458 604-6,623 African horn-fly Brugian filariasis 205 Carbamates 211, 215 (Haematobia minuta) 398 distribution 201 Caribou 178 biting house-fly vectors 203-4 Carnoy's fixative 280 (Stomoxys calcitrans) 389 Buffaloes 300, 369, 370, 371, Carrion's disease 104 dog-fly (Stomoxys 396, 621 Castor bean tick (Ixodes calcitrans) 540, 566, 567 Buffalo-gnat (Cnephia ricinus) 604, 611, 612, 619, horn-flies (Haematobia) 73 pecuarum) 268 620,621,626,629,631,652 Indian cattle-fly (Musca Bugs (Hemiptera) 483-516 Caterpillars (lepidopterous crassirostris) 389, 394, biology larvae) 585--6 397-8 bedbugs (Cimicidae) cause of urticaria 586 see also Stable-fly (Stomoxys 486--9 Cats calcitrans) triatomine bugs 489-510 as hosts 643 Blow-flies classification 485-6 as reservoirs 205 biology 420-1 vernacular names in text Cattle, as hosts identification 411-12,413-14 assassin bugs of biting midges 298,300, maggot therapy 459 (Reduviidae) 484 301 see also Synanthropic flies bat bugs (Polyctenidae) of bloodsucking muscids Bluebottles (Calliphora) 420-1 489 397 Bluetongue disease (BT) 299, bedbugs (Cimicidae) and myiasis 438, 447, 451, 300,301,302, 303 484-9 452, 455, 581 517 cone-nosed bugs of ticks 610, 612, 619, 621, Bont tick 614 (Triatominae) 489-510 627 Booklouse 589 flower-bugs of tsetse-flies 371, 373 Borelliosis, see Tick-borne (Anthocoridae) 507 Cayenne tick (Amblyomma relapsing fever; Lyme kissing bugs cajennense) 615, 621, 628 disease; Louse-borne (Triatominae) 489-510 Centipedes 35--6 relapsing fever 'toe-biters' (belostomatid Central European tick-borne Bot-flies (Oestridae) 70 water-bugs) 483 encephalitis 626 deer bot-fly (Hypoderma see also Bloodsucking Cephalic fans 245, 262 diana) 441, 442, 443 bugs Cephalopharyngeal skeleton human bot-fly (Dermatobia Bushbuck (Tragelaphus (of Diptera) 61, 390, 431, hominis) 429, 436, 438, 440, scriptus) 369 463 459, 460, 461 Bush-fly (Musca vetustissima) Cestodes, see Helminths see also Scientific names 418, 422, 423, 634 Chaeototaxy 53, 131, 294, 317, index Bush (Potamochoerus 406, 599 Boutonneuse fever 568,612, porcus) 369 Chagas disease 21,489,495, 613,628 Butterflies 40, 586 506--7 Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) Buttonwillow virus, 302 clinical 506 301 control 508-9 Brachyptery 474,485 Caddisflies (Trichoptera) 40, distribution 501 Brazilian pemphigus 267 589 Chagoma 506 710 Subject index

Chagres virus 104 (Periplaneta americana) Crabs (Decapoda) 34, 35, 181, Chandipur virus 104 475,478 255,261,262,275,280 Cheese-skipper (Piophila casei) Asian cockroach (Blattella African river-crabs 458 asahinai) 479 (Potamonautes) 35, 255, Chelicerae 599,604, 620, 632, Australian cockroach 262 640,661-2,664,665 (Periplaneta australasiae) Crane-flies (Tipulidae) 58, 62, Chemosterilants 508 475,478 63, 64, 68, 73, 430, 433, Chemotaxonomy 2, 15 brown-banded cockroach 434, 457, 576 see also Isoenzymes (Supella longipalpa) 476, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic Chewing lice 518 479 fever (CHF) 23, 616, 626, Chicken mite (Dermanyssus common or Oriental 627 gallinae) 633, 635, 636 cockroach (Blatta Crimean tick typhus 628 Chigger-borne rickettsiosis orientalis) 474, 477-8, Cross-mating experiments 12 646 480,481 in bugs 503 Chiggers (Trombiculidae) 599, German cockroach in lice 520 634,643,644-7,649,653 (Blatte/la germanica) 475, in mosquitoes 161-7 Chikungunya virus 151, 208 478,480 in sandflies 90 Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) Madeira cockroach in tsetse-flies 346 521 (Rhyparobia maderae) Cross-winged bugs 483 Chipmunks (Tamias) 626 479 32-5 Cholera 424 Co-evolution medical importance 34, 35 Christophers' stages, see fleas and hosts 534, 552 see also Crabs; Prawns Gonotrophic cycles ticks and hosts 601 Crypsis, in spiders 671 Chromosomes 15 Collecting Cuticle 30, 31-2, 39--41 biting midges 294 general 23-7 Cuticular hydrocarbons 91, 92, blackflies 15, 249, 251, 252-4 killing agents 25 141,254,317,347,367,607 horse-flies 317 Colorado tick fever 613,626 Cyclorrhapha 63, 65 mites 632 Compound eyes see also Muscomorpha; mosquitoes 15, 139, 162-3 in Diptera 53 Diptera triatomines 498 general structure 43 Cytogenetics, see tsetse-flies 632 Cone-nosed bugs, see Cytotaxonomy Cibarium 79, 82, 137-8, 145, Triatomine bugs Cytoplasmic incompatibility 290 Congo floor-maggot 165,213 Circadian rhythms 181, 671 (Auchmeromyia Cytospecies 252, 255, 256 Cladism, cladistic analysis 3, senegalensis) 11, 412, 420, Cytotaxonomy 2, 15 518 446,447,452 in blackflies 252-4 Classifica tion Congo virus 301 in mosquitoes 162-3 alphataxonomy 2 Conjunctivitis 580, 584, 586 in ticks 607 betataxonomy 2 Control categories 3-5 biting midges 302 D' Aguilar virus 302 defined 2 blackflies 213, 275, 277-9 Daylight mosquito (Anopheles gammataxonomy 2 481 crucians) 121, 142, 173 principles 1-5 fleas 568-9 DDT 110, 180, 211, 214, 215, Clegs (Haematopota) 56, 310, lice 523, 525-7 278, 425, 508, 526 312,314,317,321,322,323 mites 648-9 Deer, as hosts 299,301,552, louse 517, 518-20, mosquitoes 208-16 562, 581, 612, 619 521, 524, 526 myiasis 459-62 Deer-flies (Chrysops) 310 Cluster fly (Pollenia) 589 sandflies 107-10 see also Scientific names Cockchafers, larvae of 585 stomoxyine flies 399--400 index Cockroaches 473-82 synanthropic flies 425-6 Deer-ked (Lipoptena cervi) 581 biology 473, 479-80 tabanids 327 Delusory parasitosis 589 classification 474-77 ticks 621, 648 Dengue 206,207-8 control 481 triatomine bugs 508-9 vectors 208, 210, 215 identification 477 tsetse-flies 379-81 Dengue haemorrhagic fever medical importance 20, Copepods 34-5 (DHF) 207, 208 480-1 Copra itch 642 Dengue shock syndrome recognition 473-4,475,477 Coxal glands 599, 622 (DSS) 207 vernacular names in text (Pthirus pubis) 517, Dermatitis 270, 581, 584, 586, American cockroach 519,520-1,522,524,526-7 639 Subject index 711

dhobie itch 300 Dogs Exophagic, defined 179 grocer's itch 642 heartworm infection 151, Exophilic, defined 179 scrub itch 646 205 Exopterygotes 39,40,479,483, trombidiosis 646 as hosts 397, 398, 613 485 see also Urticaria as reservoirs 109-10 Exoskeleton 30--2, 39-41 Describing new species 8-11 myiasis in 438,446,447,452 Extrinsic incubation period 20 Deutonymph 631, 645 639 Eye-flies 69, 580 Dhobie itch 300 Dracunculiasis 34, 35 Eyed tampan (Ornithodoros Diapause Driver-ants (Dorylinae) 397 savignyi) 610, 611, 622 in biting midges 298 Drone-flies 457 Eyeless tampan (Ornithodoros in blackflies 251, 266 Dugbe virus 301 moubata) 603, 610-11, 624, in Diptera 72 Dysentery 481 630 in horse-flies 323 Eye-moths 586 in mosquitoes 298 Earwigs (Dermaptera) 40,589 Eyeworms (Thelazia) 424 in sandflies 100 East coast fever 613 in ticks 618, 623 Eastern equine False-scorpions Dichoptic head 53, 54, 407 encephalomyelitis (EEE) (Pseudoscorpiones) 38, Diplopods 32, 33, 35, 37 155, 158, 160, 208, 301 659 Diphtheria 424 Ectoparasitic adaptations 44 Fascicle (= syntrophium) 125 Diptera (flies) 51-77 fleas 533-4 see also Mouthparts biology 72-5 flies 74 Filariasis 200-5 development 72-4 lice 518, 519-20 clinical 201 larvae causing myiasis ticks 622 distribution 201 429-69 Egg laying, see Oviposition transmission 201 mating 74 Electrophoresis 316 vectors summary 202-4 classification 63--70, 71-2 Elephant-flies 310 see also Brugian, Bancroftian Brachycera 63, 64--7, 68-70 Encephalitides 208 and Timor filariasis; Cyclorrhapha 63, 65 see also Eastern, Venezuelan Dirofilariasis; Muscomorpha 63, 65-7, and Western equine Onchocerciasis; Loiasis 69-70 encephalomyelitis; Fire-ants (Solenopsis) 583 Nematocera 63, 64, 67, 68 Encephalitis Firebrat (Thermobia domestica) distinguishing features 51 Encephalitis 152, 158, 159, 161, 589 faunal and taxonomic 176, 208, 214, 215, 558, Fish literature 71-2 559, 560, 612, 624, 626, 636 as hosts 178 fossils 52 Endophagic, defined 179 use in mosquito control 212 general structure 52-8 Endophilic, defined 179 Five-day fever 525 venation 53-4, 56--7 Endopterygotes 4, 39, 40 Flannel-moths (Megalopyge) immature stages 'Enfermedad de Robles' 267 586 eggs 58,72 Entomophobias 576, 589 Fleas 529-75 larvae 58, 60-1, 72-4 Environmental change biology 555-7 pupae 59, 61-2 effect on blackfly breeding host preferences 552-4, Dirofilariasis 205 279 556, 557--64 Disney trap 112 effect on chagas disease 507 blood-feeding 564 Dispersal effect on tsetse-flies 362, 380 classification 534--6 biting midges 299 Epizootic haemorrhagic phylogeny 552 blackflies 266--7 disease (EHD) 299, 301 principal genera 557--64 horse-flies 325 Equine infectious anaemia collecting 569-70 mosquitoes 183-4 virus (EIA V) 325 control 568-9 sandflies 102 Erysipeloid 557, 558, 560, 561, faunal and taxonomic tsetse-flies 320 562, 564, 568 literature 554--5 DNA probes, sequencing 92, Erythema chronicum migrans geographical distribution 107,254 (ECM) 625 552-4 Dog 540, 566, 567 Espundia 105 identification 536--52 Dog fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) European sheep tick (Ixodes immature stages 540, 566, 567 ricinus) 611-12 larvae 530, 555, 565, 566 see also Scientific names see also Scientific names pupae 555 index index as intermediate hosts 20, Dog heartworm (Dirofilaria Eurygamous mating 175 566--7 immitis) 151, 205 Evolutionary classification 3 medical importance 712 Subject index

Fleas (cont'd) filter-fly (Psychoda) 457, shore-flies (Ephydridae) flea bites 564 578 458,580 principal genera 529,557, flat-flies (Hippoboscidae) snipe-flies (Rhagionidae) 577 581 579-80 vector incrimination 529, flesh-flies soldier-flies 568 (Sarcophagidae) 414--15, (Stratiomyidae) 458 vector status 567-8 452-3 stable-flies (Stomoxys morphology 529-34 frit-flies 580 calcitrans) 389, 402, 455 mouthparts 530 fruit-flies (Tephritidae) stiletto-flies (Therevidae) preparation 570 458 458 rearing 570 gadflies (Tabanidae) 310 sweat-flies (Hydrotaea) vernacular names in text Golubatz fly (Simulium 422,580 cat flea (Ctenocephalides colombaschense) 269 tsetse-flies (Glossina) 16, felis) 540, 555, 558, 566, greenbottles (Lucilia) 420, 52,333 567, 570 450-1 Tumbu fly (Cordylobia dog flea (Ctenocephalides horn-flies (Haematobia) anthropophaga) 405, 413, canis) 540, 566, 567 73,389-402 446, 447, 461 human flea (Pulex irritans) horse-flies (Tabanidae) vinegar-flies 535, 537, 562, 563, 566, 310-32 (Drosophilidae) 458 567 house-fly (Musca window-flies jigger flea (Tunga domestica) 404, 422 (Scenopinidae) 458 penetrans) 555-6 hover-flies (Syrphidae) see also Diptera northern rat flea 457 Flight speed (Nosopsyllus fasciatus) human bot-fly in tsetse-flies 370 537 () Flinders Island spotted fever Oriental rat flea 438, 440, 459 628 (Xenopsylla cheopis) 532, Indian cattle-fly (Musca Forensic entomology 583 533, 564, 565 crassirostris) 389, 394, Fossils rabbit flea (Spilopsylla 397-8 biting midges 288 cuniculi) 555, 556, 568 latrine-fly () blackflies 52, 242 sand-fleas (Tunga) 564, 421,453-4 Diptera 52 565-6 lesser dung-flies Hemiptera 485 Flies (Diptera) (Sphaeroceridae) 485, mites 597 vernacular names in text 580-1 mosquitoes 120 African horn-fly lesser house-fly (Fannia tsetse-flies 52, 333 (Haematobia minuta) 398 canicularis) 404, 416-17, Frit-flies 580 blackflies (Simuliidae) 241 421,453-4 Frogs 93, 157, 300 Blandford fly (Simulium louse-flies see also Amphibians posticatum) 269 bluebottles (Calliphora) (Hippoboscidae) 581 Fungi 419 451 Lund's fly (Cordylobia Entomophthorales buffalo-flies (Tabanidae) rodhaini) 446-7 genera mentioned 310 mooseflies (Tabanidae) Aspergillus 481 bush-fly (Musca 310 Coelomomyces 195 vetustissima) 423, 634 moth-flies (Psychodidae) Lagenidium 195 cluster fly (Pollenia) 589 457, 577-8 Metarhizium 508 Congo floor-maggot New World screw-worm (Auchmeromyia flies (Cochliomyia) 447-8 Gadflies 310 senegalensis) 11, 412, Old World screw-worm Gamboa virus 206 420,452 flies (Chrysomya) 448-9 Gender, of specific names 12 crane-flies (Tipulidae) 457 Oriental latrine-fly Genetic control 213 deer-flies (Chrysops) 310 (Chrysomya Gerbils 79, 109, 110, 553, 558 drone-flies (Syrphidae) megacephala) 449 German cockroach (Blattella 457 reindeer warble-fly germanica) 473, 475, 477, elephant-flies (Tabanidae) (Oedemagena tarandi) 478,480 310 441 Gibbons 518 eye-flies (Chloropidae) sandflies (Phlebotominae) Giraffe 396 580 78-119 Gnats face-fly (Musca scuttle-flies (Phoridae) biting gnats, see Biting autumnalis) 423 456-7, 578-9 midges Subject index 713

window-gnats genera mentioned taxonomic literature 395-6 (Anisopodidae) 457, 578 Ancylostoma 424, 481 Horse bot-flies 410, 459 see also Mosquitoes; Biting Ascaris 481 Horse-flies (Tabanidae) 310-32 midges Brugia 200-5 biology 323-5 Gnu (Connochaetes gnou) 370 Diphyllobothrium 35 biting behaviour 324-5 Golubatz fly (Simulium Dipylidium 20, 558, 559, breeding sites 323, 327 colombaschense) 269, 279 562,566 immature stages 314-16, Gomez Nunez box 509 Dirofilaria 151, 205, 241 317, 323-4, 327 Gonotrophic cycles Dracunculus 34 life history 323-4 in biting midges 299 Enterobius 481 mating 324 in blackflies 264 Gnathostoma 35 oviposition 325 in mosquitoes 180-1 Gongylonema 585 parasites and predators in ticks 623 Habronema 399 324 Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) 518, 521 Helidomermis 298 classification 316, 321-2 Grain mite (Pyemotes tritici) Hymenolepis 561, 567, 585, control 327 634, 643, 647 586,589 faunal and taxonomic Greenheads (Tabanus) 310 Icosiella 300 literature 322-3 Grocer's itch 642 Mansonella 241, 267, 300 identification of principal Ground-squirrels Mesomermis 278 genera 317-21 (Spermophilus) 558, 559, Neoaplectana 508 medical importance 561, 563, 626 Octomyomermis 195 biting pests 325, 326 Grubs 61 Onchocerca 8, 21, 241, 255, loiasis 325-6 distinction from maggots 58 266, 267, 270, 271, 272, vectors 317-20, 323, 324, Guinea-worm (Dracunculus 273, 277, 279, 300 325-6 medinensis) 34 Paragonimus 34 recognition 310 Romanomermis 195,212 sampling 327 Thelazia 424 structure 310-14 Haemorrhagic exanthem of Trichuris 424, 481 mouthparts 313, 324 Bolivia 270 Wuchereria 21, 154, 200-5 Horses 208, 300, 301, 397,439, Haemorrhagic nephroso• Hemimetabolous 440,447, 451, 452, 455, nephritis 559, 560, 577 metamorphosis 38,39,485 518, 619, 639 Haemorrhagic syndrome of Hepatitis 424, 481 Host relations Altamira (HSA) 270 Hepatitis-B 484, 489 bedbugs 488 Hair follicle mites (Demodex) Hibernation, see Diapause biting midges 298-9 38, 631, 632, 634, 642, Histoplasmosis 111 blackflies 263-4 643-4 HIV 20,489 fleas 556-7 Harara, urticarial reaction 103 Holarctic realm, defined 19 horse-flies 324 Hard ticks 601, 604 Holometabolous mites 636, 641, 645 see also Ixodidae in metamorphosis 38,39,529 mosquitoes 176-9 Scientific names index Holoptic head 53,54,407 myiasis-producing flies Hardy Weinberg equilibrium Homonymy, of scientific 438-58 16 names 11 sandflies 101 Hartebeest, red (Alcelaphus Honeybees 582 stable-flies, horn-flies 396, bucelaphus) 370 Hookworms 481 397 Harvest mites (Trombiculidae) New World hookworm ticks 621-2 599, 634, 643, 644-7, 653 (Necator american us) 481 triatomine bugs 503 Harvester ants 583 Old World hookworm tsetse-flies 367-70 Harvestmen (Opiliones) 659 (Ancylostoma duodenale) House allergy 641 Hay itch mite (Pyemotes tritici) 481 House dust mite 634,643, 647 Hornets (Vespa) 582 (Dermatophagoides) 599, (Pediculus) 517, Horn-flies (Haematobia) 73, 634, 641, 649, 653, 654 518-20, 521, 522, 523-4, 389-402 House-flies (Musca) 404, 422 525-6 biology 396-7 biology 422-3 Heartwater fever 615 control 399-400 classification 422 Heartworm, dog (Dirofilaria identification 391-5 control 425-6 immitis) 151, 205 medical importance identification 417-18 Hedgehogs 627 biting pest 398 larvae 434, 455-6 Helminths, helminthic mechanical vector 398-9 medical importance 20, infections preservation 400 423-5,455 714 Subject index

House mouse mite in bugs 498 cutaneous leishmaniasis 78, (Liponyssoides sanguineus) in fleas 537 79, 104, 105-6 633, 634, 635, 636 in horse-flies 316 vectors 97-9 Human flea (Pulex irritans) in mites 632 mucocutaneous 534, 535, 536, 537, 540, in mosquitoes 161,164 leishmaniasis 105 562, 563, 566, 567 in sandflies 91 vectors of leishmaniasis Human immunodeficiency in ticks 607 97-9, 104-7, 108--9 virus (HIV) 20, 489 in tsetse-flies 347 visceral leishmaniasis 78, 601 Isomorphic species 253 104,105-6 Hygiene, insects 589 Itch mite (Sarcoptes scabiei) vectors 97-9 Hypopus mite nymph 631 Lemurs 621 631, 633, 639-41 Hyraxes 553,558 Lentic habitat 73, 241 Leprosy 424, 481 Identification 10-11 Japanese encephalitis OE) 208, Lesser dung-flies compared to speciation 2 209,214, 215 (Sphaeroceridae) 69, 485, defined 2 Jiggers (Tunga fleas) 541, 554, 580-1 Ilheus virus 152 564,555-6 Lesser house-fly (Fannia Impala (Aepyceros melampus) canicularis) 403, 404, 370 416-17, 421, 453-4 Impetigo 525 Kala-azar, see Leishmaniasis medical importance 421, 453 Indian tick typhus 628 Kaposi's sarcoma 267 Lice (Phthiraptera) 517-28 Infection rates of parasites Karoo tick (Ixodes rubicundus) biology 521-3 in biting midges 300 612,625 oviposition 521-3 in mosquitoes 199 Kasen, biting midge allergy chewing lice (Mallophaga) in sandflies 103, 107 300 518 in ticks 626 Keds (Hippoboscidae) 581 classification 518 in tsetse-flies 378 see also Scientific names clothing louse (Pediculus growth regulators index humanus) 518--20, 521, 524, in bugs 508 Kennel tick (Rhipicephalus 526 in fleas 569 sanguineus) 613, 615, 628, control 523, 525--7 in mosquitoes 211 652 crab (pubic) louse (Pthirus resistance 212, 216 Kenya tick typhus 613 pubis) 517, 519, 520-1, 522, Insectivores, general 553, 558, Killer bees 582 524,526-7 559,562,621,646 Kissing-bugs 483-516, 589-610 head louse (Pediculus capitis) Insects 518--20,522,523-4,525-6 Kotonkan virus 302 classification 39,40 medical importance 523-5 Kudu, greater (Tragelaphus phylogeny 32-3 biting pests 523-4 external structure 42-6 strepsiceros) 369 role as disease vectors cuticle 39-41 'Kungu cake' 577 524-5 wing venation 43-4 Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) parasite relationships 524, flight 43-4 612, 624, 626-7 525, 625 as human food 589 recognition 518 and hygiene 589 La Crosse virus 161, 208 structure 518, 521 internal structure 45-6 Ladybirds (Coccinellidae) 585 sucking lice (Anoplura) 518 metamorphosis 38--9 Larder beetles (Dermestes) 583 Life cycle, life history phobias induced by 576, 589 Larvipary 363, 421, 452 bedbugs 488 Integument, see Exoskeleton; biting midges 298 Larvivorous fish 211,212 Cuticle blackflies 259-61 Latent period, of infection 20 International Code of cockroaches 476 Zoological Nomenclature Latin names, see Scientific Diptera, general 72 7-8 names fleas 555 Iridoviruses 302, 610 Latrine-fly (Fannia scalaris) horse-flies 323-4 Irritating mosquito 403,416,417,421,453-4 lice 522 (Coquillettidia perturbans) medical importance 421, 453 mites 636, 645, 647 121,155 Lectins 378--9 mosquitoes 187, 195 Isfahan virus 104 Leishmaniasis 104-6 scorpions 670 Isoenzymes 16, 498 control of disease 107-8, spiders 670 in biting midges 294 109-10 stable-flies, horn-flies 396, in blackflies 253-4 of vectors 110 397 Subject index 715

synanthropic flies 396 Malaria 197-200 Millipedes (Diplopoda) 33, 35, ticks 616-17 control 164 37 triatomine bugs 502-3 detection in mosquito 200 Mitchell River virus 302 tsetse-flies 36~ life cycle 199-200 Mites (Acari, part) 631--49 Listeriosis 558, 559, 561, 568 Malpighian tubules 45, 138 biology of principal groups Lizards, see Reptiles polytene chromosomes in Acaridida 639--42 Loiasis 32~ 253 Actinedida 642-7 periodicity 325 Mange 599, 639 Mesostigmata 634-9 vectors of 317-20, 323, 324, see also Scabies classification 597, 600, 632, 32~ Mange mites 599 634 Lokern virus 302 Mansonelliasis 267, 268, 300-1 faunal literature 634 Lone star tick (Amblyomma Maria sensor 509 collecting and preserving americanum) 615, 621, 625 Marseilles fever 628 652-3 Longevity Marsupials, as hosts 105, 553, compared to ticks 597-600 blackflies 264 554, 555, 558, 560, 562, 621 control 648-9 blackfly onchocerciasis Mating fossi1597 vectors 272 biting midges 298 identification 632--4 cockroaches 480 blackflies 262-3 medical importance horse-flies 324 Diptera, general 74 allergy 641 mosquitoes 182 horse-flies 324 causing dermatitis 631, Lotic habitat 73, 241, 261-2 mosquitoes 174 639, 642, 644, 646 importance in control 278 sandflies 101 disease transmission 646 Louping ill virus 612 scorpions 670-1 scabies 639--41 Louse, see Lice spiders 671 rearing 653--4 Louse-borne relapsing fever stable-flies, horn-flies 396, recognition 631 20,399,517,524-5 397 600 Louse-flies (Hippoboscidae) synanthropic flies 419,420 techniques with 649-52 581 ticks 616, 620, 640 vernacular names in text see also Scientific names triatomine bugs 503 American chigger mite index Mating plug 139 (Eutrombicula Lund's fly (Cordylobia Meal-worms (Tenebrionidae) alfreduggesi) 646 rodhaini) 412, 446, 447 583 chicken mite -books 32, 662 Mechanical transmission 20 (Dermanyssus gallinae) Lyme disease 325,612,624, by ants 583 636 625,629 by biting muscids 398-9 chiggers 644-7,649,653 Lymphocytic by bloodsucking larvae 452 European harvest mite choriomeningitis 557,559, by cockroaches 480-1 (Neotrombicula 560 by eye-flies 580 autumnalis) 644, 646 by fleas 567,568 European house dust mite Macroptery 485 by house-flies 424 (Dermatophagoides Macrotrichia 41, 56 by lice 525 pteronyssinus) 641, 642 Madeira cockroach mechanisms of 424-5 follicle mites (Demodex) (Rhyparobia maderae) 479 by sandflies 104 38,631,634,642,643--4 Maggots 61, 390-1, 430-2 by snipe-flies 580 grain mite (Pyemotes distinction from grubs 58 by tabanids 310,325 tritici) 647 infestation with (myiasis) by tsetse-flies 373 harvest bugs 429-69 Medal of the mosquito 121 (Trombiculidae) 644-7, morphology of 431,432 Meningitis 301 653 therapeutic use 449, 452, 459 Microbial insecticides, see hay itch mite (Pyemotes vernacular names in text Bacterial insecticides tritici) 647 Congo floor-maggot Microptery 485 house dust mite (Auchmeromyia Microtrichia 41, 56 (Dermatophagoides) 599, senegalensis) 11, 412, Midges 641, 649, 653 420, 446, 447, 452 biting (Ceratopogonidae) house mouse mite hairy maggots 288-309 (Liponyssoides (Chrysomya) 449 non-biting (Chironomidae) sanguineus) 636 rat-tailed maggot 288 itch mite (Sarcoptes (Eristalis) 457 phantom midges scabiei) 639--41 Main Drain virus 302 (Chaoboridae) 577 northern fowl mite 716 Subject index

Mites (cont'd) 152, 153, 154, 157, 158, sampling 216-19 (Ornithonyssus 161, 181 adults 218-19 sylviarum) 637 classification of breeding eggs 217 red poultry mite sites 189-95 larvae and pupae 217-18 (Dermanyssus gallinae) crab holes 160, 175, 181 species complexes 141, 145, 636,649 ground water 144, 145, 161-7 scabies mite (Sarcoptes 148, 151, 157, 158, 160, structure scabiei) 599, 631, 632, 165, 166 adults 121-8 639-41 latrines 154, 158, 165 eggs 136-7, 138, 142, 145, scrub itch mites pitcher plants 130, 147, 149, 158, 161, 181, 184-6 (Trombiculidae) 644-7 154, 187 pupae 129-31, 142, 146 tropical fowl mite plant axils 130, 131, 136, vernacular names in text (Ornithonyssus bursa) 141, 145, 146, 147, 148, brown-striped wood 636 149, 151, 152, 154, 156, mosquito (Aedes tropical rat mite 157, 166, 181, 187 excrucians) 121 (Ornithonyssus bacoti) rice fields 152, 158, 160 daylight mosquito 636 rock pools 141, 149, 152, (Anopheles crucians) 121 velvet mites 153, 157, 158, 160, 161, irritating mosquito (Trombiculidae) 644 181, 186, 187 (Coquillettidia Monkeys as hosts salt water 149, 151, 164 perturbans) 121 of biting midges 300 tree holes 136, 141, 147, northern common house of lice 518 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, mosquito (Culex of mosquitoes 152, 205, 206, 153, 157, 158, 160, 161, pipiens) 121 207 181, 186, 187 pitcher-plant mosquito in myiasis 438,439 tyres 141, 148, 149 (Wyeomyia smithii) 121 of tabanids 324,325,326 classification 139-67 southern common house of ticks 612, 621, 627 control 208-16 mosquito (Culex Moose tick (Dermacentor bed nets 179, 213, 214 quinquefasciatus) 121 albipictus) 613 biological control 212-13 western tree-hole Monolayers in mosquito genetic control 213 mosquito (Aedes control 210 insecticidal control 215-16 sierrensis) 121 Mooseflies (Tabanidae) 310 larval control 209-11 yellow fever mosquito Morphospecies 14, 15, 252 faunal and taxonomic () 121, 149 Mosquito fish 211, 212 literature 171-3 Moth-flies (Psychodidae) 457, Mosquitoes 120-240 fossils 120 577-8 biology 173-96 identification (adults) Moths (Lepidoptera, part) autogeny 176 167-71 bloodsucking 587-8 biting cycles 178-9 larvae 186-95 eye-moths 586-7 bloodfeeding 125, 176-7 breeding 141, 188-95 diapause 183, 186, 187, as intermediate hosts 586 196 classification of larval urtication dispersal 183-4 habitats 189-95 by adults 586 gonotrophic cycles 180-1 feeding 131, 142, 187-8 by caterpillars 586 host location 176, 177 larval development 187 vernacular names in text host preferences 177-8 morphology 131-6, 142, bag-shelter moth 586 longevity 182-3 143, 145-6 brown-tail moth mating 174-5 plant attachment 154-5, (Euproctis) 586 oviposition 176, 180, 156 eye-moths 586-7 181-2, 184 predatory larvae 141, 147, flannel-moths of pupae 195-6 151, 187, 195 (Megalopyge) 586 resistance to desiccation medical importance Mouthparts 152, 153, 185 arboviruses 206-8 biting midges 290 sugar-feeding 175 filariasis 200-5 blackflies, adult 247-8 tolerance to temperature malaria 197-200 bloodsucking bugs 484-5 184 preservation bloodsucking muscid flies breeding sites adults, 219-20 392,397-8 artificial containers 141, eggs 217 fleas 530 146, 148, 149, 152, 153, larvae and pupae 218 horse-flies (tabanids) 313, 154, 165, 166, 181, 187 rearing and colonization 324 141, 147, 148, 149, 200-21 insects, general 42-3 Subject index 717

lice 518 Myriapods 35-6 Onchotaxy 242, 247 mosquitoes Myxomatosis 32, 33, 35, 36, O'Nyong Nyong virus 208 adults 123, 125 267,628 Opossums 505, 506, 507, 557 larvae 131-2 Oriental cockroach (Blatta sandflies 79-82, 101 'Nairobi eye' 584 orientalis) 473, 474, 477-8, ticks 602, 604-5 Nairobi sheep disease 613 479-80,481 tsetse-flies 334 Names, scientific 5 Oriental latrine fly (Chrysomya Murine typhus 525, 559, 560, Naming species, see megacephala) 405, 414, 421, 564, 567, 568 description of species 449 Murray Valley encephalitis Nearctic region, defined 17 Oriental rat flea (Xenopsylla (MVE) 159, 208, 215 Nematodes, see Helminths cheopis) 532, 533, 539, 555, Muscalure 420 Nematodes, in vector control 564, 565 Muscomorpha 53, 54, 55, 56, 212,213 Oriental region, defined 17 58,59,61,62,63,64, 65, Neotropical region, defined 17 Oriental sore 78 66, 67, 68, 69-70, 71, 72, Nidicoly 631 Oropouche virus 301 73, 75,403, 404 'Nimitti' 576 Oroya fever 104 Myiasis 403, 429-69 Nits 521 Osteomyelitis, maggot adults of myiasis-producing see also Lice treatment 459 larvae Nomenclature 5-12 Oviposition biology 419-23 changes of names 11-12 bedbugs 488 identification 407-18 defined 2 biting midges 299 recognition 403-6 International Code of blackflies 264-6 biology of larvae Zoological Nomenclature cockroaches 479 calliphorids (Tumbu-fly 7-8 Diptera, general 74 screw-worms, etc.) Non-biting midges fleas 555 446-52 (Chironomidae) 288, horse-flies 325 cuterebrines (bot-flies) 576-7 lice 521 438-9 'No-no' or 'nau-nau' mites 636, 640 families of minor (Simulium buissoni) 268 mosquitoes 181-2 importance 456-8 Northern common house sandflies 102 fanniids (lesser house• mosquito (Culex pipiens) spiders 670 flies, latrine-flies) 453-6 121 stable-flies, horn-flies 396, gasterophilines (bot-flies) see also Scientific names 397 443 index synanthropic flies 419 hypodermatines (warble• Northern fowl mite ticks 623 flies) 439-43 (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) Ovitraps 217, 218 muscids (house-flies) 633, 637, 638 454-6 Northern rat-flea (Nosopsyllus Paedogenesis 72 oestrines (nasal flies) 439 jasciatus) 534, 537, 538, Palaearctic region, defined 17 clinical 542,561 Palyam virus 302 accidental 430, 453, 455, Norwegian scabies 641 Pangolins 554 457,458 No-see-ums (biting midges) Papataci fever 103-4 classification 429-30 288 Paper wasps (Polistes) 582 cutaneous myiasis 430, Nulliparous, defined 180 73, 503, 508, 671 438, 443, 446, 448, 449, Paris green 210 450,452,455,457,460 Oiling, against mosquito Parous, defined 180 immunity 446, 460 larvae 210 Post kala-azar dermal nasopharyngeal myiasis Omsk haemorrhagic fever leishmaniasis (PKDL) 105 430,439,455 virus 558, 568 Pediculosis 517 ophthalmomyiasis 430 Onchocerciasis 241, 266, Pellagra, Simulium theory of 438,439,441,457,458 270-7,279 267 control 459-62 bovine 241, 300 Pemphigus 267 larval clinical 267, 271-2 Peritrophic membrane 21, 45, identification 407-18, control 22, 266, 273, 275, 138, 264, 273, 274 432-8 278-9 Phantom midges morphology 430-1 vectors 250-1,252,255,263, (Chaoboridae) 60, 64, 120, preservation 462-4 268-9 139,195,577 maggot therapy 449,452, Onchocerciasis Control Pharaoh ant (Monomorium 459 Programme 22,273,275 pharaoensis) 583 718 Subject index

Pharate (hidden) phases 260 Protonymph 631, 645 Raccoons 300 adult blackfly 247,260-1 Protozoans Rats, see Rodents adult tsetse-fly 366 genera and subgenera Rat-tailed maggot (Eristalis) pupal blackfly 260-1 mentioned 435,457 Pheneticism 3 Ambylospora 195 Recluse spider (Loxosceles Pheromones Babesia 612,629,630,631 reclusa) 660, 667 alarm (bugs) 490 Duttonella 373 Red-legged tick (Rhipicephalus assembly Entamoeba 424, 481 everts i) 613 in bugs 489, 504 Epistylis 195 Red poultry mite in ticks 619 Gonyaulax 34 (Dermanyssus gallinae) invitation Haemoproteus 300 633, 635, 636, 649 in bugs 504 Hepatocystis 300 Reindeer 178, 441, 449 in mosquitoes 177 Leishmania 6, 21, 78, 91, Reindeer warble fly in sandflies 102 97-110, 398, 399 (Oedemagena tarandi) 441 oviposition Leucocytozoon 241,300 Relapsing fever in blackflies 266 Nannomonas 373 louse-borne 20, 399, 517, in mosquitoes 181, 185 Nosema 195 524-5 in sandflies 100 Plasmodium 21, 197, 200 tick-borne 525, 610, 611, 624, sex Sauro leishmania 98 629,630 in bugs 503 Theileria 613 Repellents 214, 327, 508 in house-flies 420 Thelohania 195 Reptiles 98, 102, 158, 160, 178, in midges 298 Trypanosoma 21, 333, 373, 369, 371, 601, 621, 631, 636 in mosquitoes 174 375--8,484, 487, 489, 491, Reservoirs, see Animal in sandflies 82, 84, 90, 101 501, 505--9 reservoirs in ticks 619, 620 Trypanozoon 373 Rhinitis 576, 641, 642 in tsetse-flies 347, 367 Vavraia 195 Rhinoceros 371,396 Phoresy 255,261-2,275,438 Viannia 106 Rickettsiae Phytotelmata 189 Vorticella 195 affecting susceptibility to Pigeon tick (Argas reflexus) 610 Pruritis 524, 564, 611, 641 pathogens 378 , as hosts 338, 369, 447, Pseudotuberculosis 558,559, causing cytoplasmic 452, 562, 611, 639 560,561,568 incompatibility 165, 167 Pinworm (Enterobius Ptilinum, ptilinal fissure 63, transmission of pathogens, vermicularis) 481 69, 366, 404, 419 see Scientific names index Piroplasms 630 Pulvilli 57, 147, 639 Rickettsiae, rickettsial Plague 21, 537, 557, 558, 559, Punkies (biting midges) 288 infections 560,561, 562, 564, 567-8, Punta Toro virus 104 genera mentioned 569 Pupariation 61, 70 Aegyptianella 610 distribution 481, 563 Puparium 61, 63, 339, 363, 366, Cowdria 615 Pneumonia infections 481 381, 390-1, 419 Coxiella 568, 628 Poliomyelitis 399,424,481 identification in tsetse-flies Rickettsia 524, 525 Polypneustic lobes 61, 339, 359-61 boutonneuse fever 568, 612, 360,363 Pyrethroids 211, 214, 215, 508, 613,628 Polytene chromosomes 14 509, 526, 648 chigger-borne rickettsiosis in blackflies 249, 252-4, 255 646 in mosquitoes 139, 162-3 Q fever 560,568,628--9 Crimean tick typhus 628 in tsetse-flies 346 Quaranfil virus 610 Flinders Island spotted fever see also Chromosomes Queensland tick typhus 612, 628 Porcupines 611 628 Indian tick typhus 628 Prawns 261 Queensland itch 300 Kenya tick typhus 613 Preservation Marseilles fever 628 ethyl alcohol 25--6 Rabbit flea (spilopsylla murine typhus 525, 559, 560, general 23-7 cuniculi) 555, 556, 568 564,567, 568 pest control 26 Rabbits as hosts Q fever 560,568,628--9 pinning 25 of fleas 558, 568 Queensland tick typhus 612, slide-mounting 26 of myiasis larvae 438,439 628 specimen data 26 of lice 521, 526 rickettsial pox 636 Proboscis, see Mouthparts of mites 639, 643 Sao Paulo fever 627 Processionary moths 586 of ticks 610, 628 scrub typhus 646, 653 Proline 371 Rabies 581 Siberian tick typhus 628 Subject index 719

Tobia fever 627 biology 100-3 literature 669-70 Tsutsugamushi disease 646 breeding sites 100, 103, collecting and preserving see also Typhus 106, 110, 112 679 Rickettsial pox 636 dispersal 102-3 general structure 660---6 Rift Valley fever 154, 159, 208, feeding behaviour 101-2 medical importance 672, 301 hosts 102 673,676-8 River blindness, see life history 100-1 stings 678 Onchocerciasis mating 101 Screw-worms Rocky mountain spotted fever resting sites 100-1, 103, biology 420-1,447-9 (RMSF) 613, 615, 627-8 111 identification Rocky mountain wood tick vector-parasite interactions adults 413-14 (Dermacentor anderson i) 103,106--7 larvae 437-8 613, 614, 625, 626, 628 classification 89-90 New World screw-worms Rodents as hosts principal genera 90,91, (Cochliomyia) 447-8 of bugs 446,507 96--9 Old World screw-worms of fleas, 552, 553, 554, 557, collecting methods 111-12 (Chrysomya) 448-9 558, 559, 560, 561, 562, control 107-110 Scrub itch 646 563,564,567,568,569 faunal and taxonomic Scrub typhus 646, 653 of horse-flies 324 literature 99-100 Scuttle-flies (Phoridae) 65, 69, as intermediate hosts 585 identification 92---6 430,435,456--7,578-9,589 of lice 525 medical importance Sensilla 82, 124, 125, 126, 127, of mites 634, 636, 639, 645, as biting pests 103 247,248,290-1,334,484, 646 incrimination of vectors 504, 531, 601, 621, 662, 672 of myiasis larvae 438, 439 107 Sepik virus 154 of sandflies 79,97,100, 102, transmission of Bartonella Setae 41 103, 105, 106, 109, 110 104 Sewage flies (Psychoda) 578 of ticks, 611, 612, 613, 621, transmission of Sheep, as hosts 439,447,450, 627 Leishmania 97-9, 104-7 452,581,612,613 Romanas sign 506 transmission of viruses Sheep~ked (Melophagus Ross River virus 151, 208, 215 103-4 ovinus) 408, 579, 581 Russian Spring Summer preservation and Sheep-nostril fly (Oestrus ovis) encephalitis (RSSE) 612, preparation 112-13 410,439,440 626 rearing and colonization 113 Sheep strike 421,449,450 recognition 78, 79 Shgamonda virus 302 Shiner (cockroach) 478 Sabo virus 302 structure Shore-flies (Ephydridae) 458, St Louis encephalitis (SLE) adult 79-87 159, 161, 176, 208, 214, 636 580 egg 87 Saliva Shuni virus 302 87-9 of blackflies 247, 264 Siberian tick typhus 628 of bugs 485 pupa 89 Sibling species, definition 14 of mites 645 Sandfly fever virus 23, 78, 103 see also Species complexes of mosquitoes 125, 138-9, Sandrats (Psammomys) 109 Silk glands 199 Sango virus 302 in blackflies 262 of sandflies 101 Sao Paulo fever 627 in spiders 664 of ticks 625 Sathuperi virus 302 (Lepisma saccharina) of tsetse-flies 334 Scabies 639-41, 648-9 589 Salivary glands 'Norwegian scabies' 641 Simbu virus group 301 in mosquitoes 200 Scabies mite (Sarcoptes scabiei) Simuliids, see Blackflies in ticks 622-3 599, 631, 632; 639-41 Sindbis virus 208 in tsetse-flies 373 immunity to 640, 641 Sleeping sickness 338-9,376--9 Salmonellosis (Salmonella 'Scaly leg' of birds 639 clinical 376, 378 infections) 424, 425, 481, Scent glands 490 control 380-1 559, 560, 561, 568, 581, 583 Scientific names 6--7 distribution 377 Sand tampan (Ornithodoros Sclerotin 41 transmission 373 savignyi) 610, 611, 622 Scorpions 38, 659-82 Snipe-flies (Rhagionidae) 55, Sandflies (ceratopogonid avoidance of stings 679 64,69,579-80 sense) 78 biology, 670-1 Soft ticks 601 Sandflies (Phlebotominae) classification and see also Argasidae in 78-119 identification 668-9 Scientific names index 720 Subject index

Soldier-flies (Stratiomyidae) vernacular names in text in tsetse-flies 366, 367 59, 65, 430, 433, 458 American brown recluse Sweat-flies 69, 422, 455, 580 Sound production spider (Loxosceles Sweet itch 300 in mosquitoes 174 reclusa) 667, 672, 676 Sympatric distribution 16 in triatomines 496 Australian (or Sydney) Synanthropic flies South African bont tick funnel-web spider biology (Amblyomma hebraeum) (Atrax robust us) 660, 672 of blow-flies 420-1 614, 615, 619, 628, 651 bird-eating spiders 659 of fanniids 421 South African tick typhus, black-widow spider of flesh-flies 612, 615, 628 (Latrodectus mactans) (Sarcophagidae) 421-2 South American 667, 672, 676, 678 life cycle, general 419-20 trypanosomiasis, see house spider (Scotophaeus of muscids 422-3 Chagas disease blackwalli) 674 classification 63, 65-7, 69-70 Southern house mosquito recluse spiders control 425-6 (Culex quinquefasciatus) (Loxosceles) 667, 672 faunal and taxonomic 121 tarantulas 659, 667 literature 418-19 see also Scientific names wandering spiders identification index (Phoneutria) 667 of families 408-11 'Spanish fly' (Lytta vesicatoria) Spinose ear tick (Otobius of major groups 403-6 584,585 megnini) 610 of medically important Speciation 2 Stable-flies (Stomoxys) 389-402 genera 411-18 Species biology 397 medical importance authors of 7, 9 control 399 as mechanical vectors concepts 8, 11, 12-14 identification 391-5 423-5 descriptions 8-11 medical importance 398-9, as myiasis agents, see isomorphic 14--16 455 Myiasis names 6 preservation 400 morphology of adults 406--8, Species complexes taxonomic literature 395-6 409 in blackflies 252-4 Steamer (cockroach) 478 sexing adults 406--7 in mites 639,643-4 Stenogamous mating 175 see also Calyptrate flies; mosquitoes 141, 161-7 Stephanofilariasis 399 Diptera overview 14--16 Stigmata 599, 600, 607, 631, Synonymy, of scientific names Spermatheca 45 632,662 11 in biting midges 293 Stiletto-flies (Therevidae) 65, Syntrophium 43, 125 in blackflies 248 430,433,434,458 Systematics 2 in bugs 503 Stingless bees 582 in fleas 532 Stings Tabanids, see Horse-flies in flies 58 hymenopteran 581-3 Taiga tick (Ixodes persulcatus) in mosquitoes 139 death from 581 612,619,621,626,629 in sandflies 84, 86 scorpion 662, 678, 679 Tailless whip-scorpions in tsetse-flies 367 Stouts (tabanids) 310 Spermatophore Subspecies 13 (Amblypygi) 30, 659, 661, biting midges 298 of fleas 557 662 blackflies 263 of house-flies 422 Tamne439 mites 646 nomenclature of 7, 14 Tapeworms scorpions 670-1 of sandflies 90 beetle intermediate hosts spiders 671 of tsetse-flies 343-7, 363 585 ticks 620 Sucking lice 517-28 dog tapeworm (Dipylidium tsetse-flies 367 Sugar-feeding caninum) 20,558,559,562, Spiders 579, 659-82 in sandflies 101 566 avoidance of bites 678-9 in mosquitoes 175 flea intermediate hosts 20, biology 670-2 in tsetse-flies 371 558, 559, 561, 562, 564, classification and Swarms, swarming 566--7 identification 66~ in biting midges 298 moth intermediate hosts 586 collecting and preserving in blackflies 263, 266 rat tapeworm (Hymenolepis 679 in horse-flies 324 diminuta) 561, 567, 585, faunal literature 669-70 in house-flies 421 586,589 general structure 660-6 in mosquitoes 174--5 Tapirs 639 medical importance 672-6 as nuisance 589 Tarantulas 659, 667, 675 Subject index 721

Taxon (pI. taxa) explained 3 sanguineus) 613, 615, (Amblyomma Taxonomy 2 628,652 variegatum) 206, 615, defined 2 brown ear tick 619, 627, 651 Termites (Isoptera) 39, 40,97, (Rhipicephalus tropical horse tick 100 appendiculatus) 601, 602, (Anocentor nitens) 613, Theileriosis 613 606,609, 613, 618, 621, 619,651 Thimni 439 627 winter tick (Dermacentor Three-day fever castor bean tick (Ixodes albipictus) 613 in cattle 301 ricinus) 604, 611-12, 619, yellow dog tick inman 103-4 620, 621, 626, 629, 631, (Haemaphysalis leachi) Thrips (Thysanoptera) 40,588 652 604,612 Thunderflies (Thrips) 588 Cayenne tick (Amblyomma Timor filariasis 205 Tick-borne encephalitis 558, cajennense) 615, 621, 628 Tobia fever 627 559,560,612,624,626 European sheep tick Toe-biters (Belostomatidae) Tick-borne relapsing fever (Ixodes ricinus) 604, 611, 483 525, 610, 611, 624, 629, 630 612, 619, 620, 621, 626, Tongue-worms Tick paralysis 612, 625 629, 631, 652 (Pentastomida) 32,33,36, Ticks (Acari, part) 568, 600-31 eyed (or sand) tampan 37,38 biology 616-23 (Ornithodoros savignyi) Tortoises 621 blood-feeding, 618, 621, 610 Toscana virus 104 622-3, 624 eyeless tampan Tourism, impact of biting flies host location, 617, 618, (Ornithodoros moubata) 288,299,326,398 622,623 603, 610, 611, 622 Toxins 576 host specificity 621, 624 hard ticks (Ixodidae) 601, Trachea 45 larvae 607, 609, 612, 619 604 Trachoma 20, 424 longevity 619,624 see also Ixodidae in Transmission mechanisms mating behaviour 619, Scientific names index 20-1 620-1 Karoo tick (Ixodes biological 20 nymphs 607, 609, 612, 622 rubicundus) 612 by contagion 20 oviposition 616, 618, 623 kennel tick (Rhipicephalus criteria for vectors 22-3 pheromones 619-20 sanguineus) 613, 615, horizontal 23 classification 600-1 628, 652 mechanical 20 phylogeny 601 Lone Star tick vertical 23 collecting 649-51, 681 (Amblyomma see also Trans-ovarial compared to mites 597-600, americanum) 615, 621, transmission; Trans• 601-2 625 stadial transmission control 621, 648 moose tick (Dermacentor Trans-ovarial transmission 23 identification 607-9 albipictus) 613 in biting midges 302 faunal and taxonomic pigeon tick (Argas in fleas 567 literature 609 reflexus) 610 in mites 631, 646 medical importance 623-31 red-legged tick in mosquitoes 206 principal genera 609-16 (Rhipicephalus evertsi) in sandflies 104 ticks as cause of disease 613 in ticks 624,626,627,628, 625-6 Rocky Mountain wood 629 transmission of tick (Dermacentor Trans-stadial transmission 23 pathogens 206,625-31 andersoni) 613, 614, 625, in fleas 567 morphology 601-7 626,628 in mites 631, 646 number of hosts soft ticks (Argasidae) 601 in ticks 624, 628, 629 one 616, 618, 619 see also Argasidae in Transverse suture 53 two 616-19 Scientific names index Trench fever 517, 525 three 616-19 South African bont tick Triatomine bugs 489-510 preserving 651 (Amblyomma hebraeum) blood-feeding 502, 503-5 rearing 607, 651-2 614, 615, 619, 628, 651 eggs 503 vernacular names in text spinose ear tick (Otobius habitats 502,503,505 American dog tick megnim) 610 host preference 504 (Dermacentor variabilis) taiga tick (Ixodes infection rates 507 613,625,628 persulcatus) 612, 619, life cycle 502-3 brown dog tick 621, 626, 629 mating 503 (Rhipicephalus tropical bont tick nymphs 496,498,503-4 722 Subject index

Triatomine bugs (cont'd) environmental control 380 in house-flies 424-5 classification 498 by insecticides 381 in mechanical vectors 424-5 phylogeny 500-1 by trapping 381 in mosquitoes 200 collecting 509 distribution 338, 344-5, in sandflies 106-7 colonization/laboratory 361-4,372 in ticks 624, 625 509-10 fossils 338 in tsetse-flies 373 common names 498 identification 347-61 Vectorial capacity 22-3, 163, control 508-9 larvae 338-9,363,378 197 geographical distribution medical importance Vectorial efficiency 23, 197 491-5, 500-2 biting pests 372 Vectors 19-23 identification 499-500 trypanosomiasis 372-3, incrimination 22-3, 107, 300, medical importance 506-7 376-9 424-5 recognition 491 preservation 382 primary 22, 197,277 structure 495-6, 497 puparium 339, 359-61, 363, secondary 22, 197,277 Trichuriasis 481 366,381 Velvet mites (Trombiculidae) Trickle filter flies (Psychoda) recognition 334,389,408 599,634,643,644-7,653 457,578 see also Scientific names Venereal transmission of Trilobites 30, 32-3 index arboviruses 206 Tritonymph 631, 645 Tsutsugamushi disease 646 Venation, see Wing venation Trombidiosis 646 Tuberculosis 424 Venezuelan equine Tropical fowl mite Tularaemia 310, 325, 560, 568, encephalomyelitis (VEE) (Ornithonyssus bursa) 633, 580 152, 156, 161, 208; 215, 636,638 Tumbu fly 267, 301 Tropical rat mite adult 404, 413 Venoms 576, 581 (Ornithonyssus bacoti) 633, biology 446,460 ant venoms 583 636,637 control 460, 461-2 bee and wasp venoms 581-2 True bugs (Hemiptera) 483 larva 447,461-2 scorpion venoms 676, 678 Trypanosomiasis, see Sleeping 564, 565-6 spider venoms 659,673, sickness; Chagas disease; malaria 241 675-6 Animal trypanosomiasis Turtles 324 Verruga 104 Tsetse-flies (Glossinidae) 16, Type specimens, types 10-11 Vesiculo viruses 104 52,333-8 Typhoid 481 vesicular stomatitis 104 adult morphology 334-9 Typhus Vinchuca 507 genitalia 335-8, 340-1, African tick typhus 613 Vinegar-flies (Drosophilidae) 352-9 bereavement fever 524-5 66, 69, 430, 435, 436, 458 mouthparts 334, 337 Brill Zinsser disease 524-5 Vinegaroon (Mastigoproctus wing venation 335, 349 Crimean tick typhus 628 giganteus) 659 biology epidemic (classical) 517, 521, Viruses biting behaviour 367-70 524-5,526 breeding sites 366, 381 families/genera mentioned dispersal 370 Indian tick typhus 628 Alphavirus 208 habitats 342, 343, 362, 370, Kenyan tick typhus 628 Bunyaviridae 626 374-5,377 murine typhus 525, 559, 560, Fibromavirus 568 hosts 367-70, 371 564,567,568 Flaviviridae 626 life history 365, 366 Queensland tick typhus 612, Flavivirus 626 longevity 379 628 Iridovirus 610 mating, 366-7 scrub typhus 646, 653 Nairovirus 626 resting sites 372, 382 Siberian tick typhus 613 Orbivirus 626 vector-parasite South African tick typhus Reoviridae 626 relationships 373, 378-9 612, 615, 628 virus infections chromosomes 346 hepatitis 424, 481 classification 340-7 Ultra low volume 215 hepatitis-B 484, 489 phylogeny 340, 342, 343, Urticaria 585 human immunodeficiency 347 by beetles 585 virus (HIV) 20, 489 species and subspecies by caterpillars and moths myxomatosis 32, 33, 35, 343-7 586 36,267,628 subgenera 340-2 poliomyelitis 399, 424, 481 collecting 381-2 'Vagabond's disease' 524 trachoma 20, 424 colonization 382 Vector-parasite interactions vesicular stomatitis control 379-81 in blackflies 272-4, 277 viruses 104 Subject index 723

see also Arboviruses Whip-scorpions (Amblypygi) Woodlice (isopod crustaceans) Viviparity 484 38,659,662 70,408 Whipworm (Trichuris Wood rats 557 Wandering spiders trichiura) 424, 481 (Phoneutria) 667 Wildebeest (Connochaetes Yak (Bos mutus) 440 Warble-flies gnou) 370 Yaws 424,580 (Hypodermatinae) 439-43 Wind-scorpions (Solifugae) Yellow fever 148,206-7 reindeer warble-fly 38,659,662 control 207 (Oedemagena tarandi) 441 Window-flies (Scenopinidae) vectors 207 Warrego virus 302 60, 65, 430, 433, 434, 458 Yellow fever mosquito (Aedes (Phacochoerus Window-gnats . aegypti) 121 aethiopicus) 369, 371, 452, (Anisopodidae) 64,430, see also Scientific names 554, 601, 611 433, 434, 457, 578, 589 index Wasps 581-2 Wing venation Waterbuck 370 in Diptera 53-4, 56-7 Zebra, common or Burchell's West Nile virus 159, 208 in insects, general, 43-4 (Equus burchellii) 396 Western equine see also Individual groups- Zirqua virus 611 encephalomyelitis (WEE) Blackflies; mosquitoes, Zoogeographical regions 159, 160, 208, 215, 301 etc. 16-19 Western tick-borne Winter tick (Dermacentor Zoonoses 105, 106, 159,206, encephalitis 626 albipictus) 613 377,525,567,625,626,646 Nearctic region

Afroti re~

, •• J. Neotropical region

.. Palaearctic region

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