Scientific Names Index
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Nuisance Insects and Climate Change
www.defra.gov.uk Nuisance Insects and Climate Change March 2009 Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Nobel House 17 Smith Square London SW1P 3JR Tel: 020 7238 6000 Website: www.defra.gov.uk © Queen's Printer and Controller of HMSO 2007 This publication is value added. If you wish to re-use this material, please apply for a Click-Use Licence for value added material at http://www.opsi.gov.uk/click-use/value-added-licence- information/index.htm. Alternatively applications can be sent to Office of Public Sector Information, Information Policy Team, St Clements House, 2-16 Colegate, Norwich NR3 1BQ; Fax: +44 (0)1603 723000; email: [email protected] Information about this publication and further copies are available from: Local Environment Protection Defra Nobel House Area 2A 17 Smith Square London SW1P 3JR Email: [email protected] This document is also available on the Defra website and has been prepared by Centre of Ecology and Hydrology. Published by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 2 An Investigation into the Potential for New and Existing Species of Insect with the Potential to Cause Statutory Nuisance to Occur in the UK as a Result of Current and Predicted Climate Change Roy, H.E.1, Beckmann, B.C.1, Comont, R.F.1, Hails, R.S.1, Harrington, R.2, Medlock, J.3, Purse, B.1, Shortall, C.R.2 1Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, 2Rothamsted Research, 3Health Protection Agency March 2009 3 Contents Summary 5 1.0 Background 6 1.1 Consortium to perform the work 7 1.2 Objectives 7 2.0 -
Insect Orders V: Panorpida & Hymenoptera
Insect Orders V: Panorpida & Hymenoptera • The Panorpida contain 5 orders: the Mecoptera, Siphonaptera, Diptera, Trichoptera and Lepidoptera. • Available evidence clearly indicates that the Lepidoptera and the Trichoptera are sister groups. • The Siphonaptera and Mecoptera are also closely related but it is not clear whether the Siponaptera is the sister group of all of the Mecoptera or a group (Boreidae) within the Mecoptera. If the latter is true, then the Mecoptera is paraphyletic as currently defined. • The Diptera is the sister group of the Siphonaptera + Mecoptera and together make up the Mecopteroids. • The Hymenoptera does not appear to be closely related to any of the other holometabolous orders. Mecoptera (Scorpionflies, hangingflies) • Classification. 600 species worldwide, arranged into 9 families (5 in the US). A very old group, many fossils from the Permian (260 mya) onward. • Structure. Most distinctive feature is the elongated clypeus and labrum that together form a rostrum. The order gets its common name from the gential segment of the male in the family Panorpodiae, which is bulbous and often curved forward above the abdomen, like the sting of a scorpion. Larvae are caterpillar-like or grub- like. • Natural history. Scorpionflies are most common in cool, moist habitats. They get the name “hangingflies” from their habit of hanging upside down on vegetation. Larvae and adult males are mostly predators or scavengers. Adult females are usually scavengers. Larvae and adults in some groups may feed on vegetation. Larvae of most species are terrestrial and caterpillar-like in body form. Larvae of some species are aquatic. In the family Bittacidae males attract females for mating by releasing a sex pheromone and then presenting the female with a nuptial gift. -
Identification Key for Mosquito Species
‘Reverse’ identification key for mosquito species More and more people are getting involved in the surveillance of invasive mosquito species Species name used Synonyms Common name in the EU/EEA, not just professionals with formal training in entomology. There are many in the key taxonomic keys available for identifying mosquitoes of medical and veterinary importance, but they are almost all designed for professionally trained entomologists. Aedes aegypti Stegomyia aegypti Yellow fever mosquito The current identification key aims to provide non-specialists with a simple mosquito recog- Aedes albopictus Stegomyia albopicta Tiger mosquito nition tool for distinguishing between invasive mosquito species and native ones. On the Hulecoeteomyia japonica Asian bush or rock pool Aedes japonicus japonicus ‘female’ illustration page (p. 4) you can select the species that best resembles the specimen. On japonica mosquito the species-specific pages you will find additional information on those species that can easily be confused with that selected, so you can check these additional pages as well. Aedes koreicus Hulecoeteomyia koreica American Eastern tree hole Aedes triseriatus Ochlerotatus triseriatus This key provides the non-specialist with reference material to help recognise an invasive mosquito mosquito species and gives details on the morphology (in the species-specific pages) to help with verification and the compiling of a final list of candidates. The key displays six invasive Aedes atropalpus Georgecraigius atropalpus American rock pool mosquito mosquito species that are present in the EU/EEA or have been intercepted in the past. It also contains nine native species. The native species have been selected based on their morpho- Aedes cretinus Stegomyia cretina logical similarity with the invasive species, the likelihood of encountering them, whether they Aedes geniculatus Dahliana geniculata bite humans and how common they are. -
Zootaxa, New Records of Haemagogus
Zootaxa 1779: 65–68 (2008) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Correspondence ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2008 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) New records of Haemagogus (Haemagogus) from Northern and Northeastern Brazil (Diptera: Culicidae, Aedini) JERÔNIMO ALENCAR1, FRANCISCO C. CASTRO2, HAMILTON A. O. MONTEIRO2, ORLANDO V. SILVA 2, NICOLAS DÉGALLIER3, CARLOS BRISOLA MARCONDES4*, ANTHONY E. GUIMARÃES1 1Laboratório de Diptera, Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, CEP: 21045-900 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil. 2Laboratório de Arbovírus, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Av. Almirante Barroso 492, CEP: 66090-000, Belém, PA, Brazil. 3Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD-UMR182), LOCEAN-IPSL, case 100, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France 4 Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040- 900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil Haemagogus (Haemagogus) is restricted mostly to the Neotropical Region, including Central America, South America and islands (Arnell, 1973). Of the 24 recognized species of this subgenus, 15 occur in South America, including the Anti- lles. However, the centre of distribution of the genus Haemagogus is Central America, where 19 of the 28 species (including four species of the subgenus Conopostegus Zavortink [1972]) occur (Arnell, 1973). Haemagogus (Hag.) includes species with great significance as vectors of Yellow Fever (YF) virus and other arbovi- rus, both experimentally (Waddell, 1949) and in the field (Vasconcelos, 2003). During entomological surveys from 1982 to 2004, the Arbovirus Laboratory of Evandro Chagas Institute obtained specimens of Haemagogus from several localities not reported in the literature. New records are listed in Table 1 and study localities shown on Figure 1. -
Austroconops Wirth and Lee, a Lower Cretaceous Genus of Biting Midges
PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10024 Number 3449, 67 pp., 26 ®gures, 6 tables August 23, 2004 Austroconops Wirth and Lee, a Lower Cretaceous Genus of Biting Midges Yet Living in Western Australia: a New Species, First Description of the Immatures and Discussion of Their Biology and Phylogeny (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) ART BORKENT1 AND DOUGLAS A. CRAIG2 ABSTRACT The eggs and all four larval instars of Austroconops mcmillani Wirth and Lee and A. annettae Borkent, new species, are described. The pupa of A. mcmillani is also described. Life cycles and details of behavior of each life stage are reported, including feeding by the aquatic larvae on microscopic organisms in very wet soil/detritus, larval locomotion, female adult biting habits on humans and kangaroos, and male adult swarming. Austroconops an- nettae Borkent, new species, is attributed to the ®rst author. Cladistic analysis shows that the two extant Austroconops Wirth and Lee species are sister species. Increasingly older fossil species of Austroconops represent increasingly earlier line- ages. Among extant lineages, Austroconops is the sister group of Leptoconops Skuse, and together they form the sister group of all other Ceratopogonidae. Dasyhelea Kieffer is the sister group of Forcipomyia Meigen 1 Atrichopogon Kieffer, and together they form the sister group of the Ceratopogoninae. Forcipomyia has no synapomorphies and may be paraphyletic in relation to Atrichopogon. Austroconops is morphologically conservative (possesses many plesiomorphic features) in each life stage and this allows for interpretation of a number of features within Ceratopogonidae and other Culicomorpha. A new interpretation of Cretaceous fossil lineages shows that Austroconops, Leptoconops, Minyohelea Borkent, Jordanoconops 1 Royal British Columbia Museum, American Museum of Natural History, and Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad. -
Some Aspects of Ecology and Genetics of Chironomidae (Diptera) in Rice Field and the Effect of Selected Herbicides on Its Population
SOME ASPECTS OF ECOLOGY AND GENETICS OF CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA) IN RICE FIELD AND THE EFFECT OF SELECTED HERBICIDES ON ITS POPULATION By SALMAN ABDO ALI AL-SHAMI Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master August 2006 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, Allah will help me to finish this study. My sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Associate Professor Dr. Che Salmah Md. Rawi and my co- supervisor Associate Professor Dr. Siti Azizah Mohd. Nor for their support, encouragement, guidance, suggestions and patience in providing invaluable ideas. To them, I express my heartfelt thanks. I would like to thank Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia, for giving me the opportunity and providing me with all the necessary facilities that made my study possible. Special thanks to Ms. Madiziatul, Ms. Ruzainah, Ms. Emi, Ms. Kamila, Mr. Adnan, Ms. Yeap Beng-keok and Ms. Manorenjitha for their valuable help. I am also grateful to our entomology laboratory assistants Mr. Hadzri, Ms. Khatjah and Mr. Shahabuddin for their help in sampling and laboratory work. All the staff of Electronic Microscopy Unit, drivers Mr. Kalimuthu, Mr. Nurdin for their invaluable helps. I would like to thank all the staff of School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, who has helped me in one way or another either directly or indirectly in contributing to the smooth progress of my research activities throughout my study. My genuine thanks also go to the specialists, Prof. Saether, Prof Anderson, Dr. Mendes (Bergen University, Norway) and Prof. Xinhua Wang (Nankai University, China) for kindly identifying and verifying Chironomidae larvae and adult specimens. -
Copyright © and Moral Rights for This Thesis Are Retained by the Author And/Or Other Copyright Owners
Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", Canterbury Christ Church University, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis. Renita Danabalan PhD Ecology Mosquitoes of southern England and northern Wales: Identification, Ecology and Host selection. Table of Contents: Acknowledgements pages 1 Abstract pages 2 Chapter1: General Introduction Pages 3-26 1.1 History of Mosquito Systematics pages 4-11 1.1.1 Internal Systematics of the Subfamily Anophelinae pages 7-8 1.1.2 Internal Systematics of the Subfamily Culicinae pages 8-11 1.2 British Mosquitoes pages 12-20 1.2.1 Species List and Feeding Preferences pages 12-13 1.2.2 Distribution of British Mosquitoes pages 14-15 1.2.2.1 Distribution of the subfamily Culicinae in UK pages 14 1.2.2.2. Distribution of the genus Anopheles in UK pages 15 1.2.3 British Mosquito Species Complexes pages 15-20 1.2.3.1 The Anopheles maculipennis Species Complex pages -
Identification Keys to the Anopheles Mosquitoes of South America
Sallum et al. Parasites Vectors (2020) 13:583 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04298-6 Parasites & Vectors RESEARCH Open Access Identifcation keys to the Anopheles mosquitoes of South America (Diptera: Culicidae). I. Introduction Maria Anice Mureb Sallum1*, Ranulfo González Obando2, Nancy Carrejo2 and Richard C. Wilkerson3,4,5 Abstract Background: The worldwide genus Anopheles Meigen, 1918 is the only genus containing species evolved as vectors of human and simian malaria. Morbidity and mortality caused by Plasmodium Marchiafava & Celli, 1885 is tremendous, which has made these parasites and their vectors the objects of intense research aimed at mosquito identifcation, malaria control and elimination. DNA tools make the identifcation of Anopheles species both easier and more difcult. Easier in that putative species can nearly always be separated based on DNA data; more difcult in that attaching a scientifc name to a species is often problematic because morphological characters are often difcult to interpret or even see; and DNA technology might not be available and afordable. Added to this are the many species that are either not yet recognized or are similar to, or identical with, named species. The frst step in solving Anopheles identi- fcation problem is to attach a morphology-based formal or informal name to a specimen. These names are hypoth- eses to be tested with further morphological observations and/or DNA evidence. The overarching objective is to be able to communicate about a given species under study. In South America, morphological identifcation which is the frst step in the above process is often difcult because of lack of taxonomic expertise and/or inadequate identifca- tion keys, written for local fauna, containing the most consequential species, or obviously, do not include species described subsequent to key publication. -
Diptera: Culicidae: Aedini) Into New Geographic Areas
European Mosquito Bulletin, 27 (2009), 10-17. Journal of the European Mosquito Control Association ISSN 1460-6127; w.w.w.e-m-b.org First published online 1 October 2009 Recent introductions of aedine species (Diptera: Culicidae: Aedini) into new geographic areas John F. Reinert Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology (CMAVE), United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 1600/1700 S.W. 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608-1067, USA, Email: [email protected]. Abstract Information on introductions to new geographic areas of species in the aedine generic-level taxa Aedimorphus, Finlaya, Georgecraigius, Halaedes, Howardina, Hulecoeteomyia, Rampamyia, Stegomyia, Tanakaius and Verrallina is provided. Key words: Aedimorphus, Finlaya, Georgecraigius atropalpus, Halaedes australis, Howardina bahamensis, Hulecoeteomyia japonica japonica, Rampamyia notoscripta, Stegomyia aegypti, Stegomyia albopicta, Tanakaius togoi, Verrallina Introduction World. Dyar (1928), however, notes that there are no nearly related species in As indicated in the series of papers on the American continent, but many such the phylogeny and classification of in the Old World, especially in Africa, mosquitoes in tribe Aedini (Reinert et and he considered that it was probably al., 2004, 2006, 2008), some aedine the African continent from which the species have been introduced into new species originated”. Christophers also geographical areas in recent times. noted that “The species is almost the Species of Aedini found outside of their only, if not the only, mosquito that, with natural ranges are listed below with their human agency, is spread around the literature citations. whole globe. But in spite of this wide zonal diffusion its distribution is very Introductions of Aedine Species to strictly limited by latitude and as far as New Areas present records go it very rarely occurs beyond latitudes of 45o N. -
ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects
NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000). -
STUDIES CONCERNING SPERM TRANSFER in SOME HIGHER DIPTERA a Thesis Submitted by J.N. POLLOCK, B.Sc., M.Sc., D.I.C., Cert. Ed., Fo
STUDIES CONCERNING SPERM TRANSFER IN SOME HIGHER DIPTERA A thesis submitted by J.N. POLLOCK, B.Sc., M.Sc., D.I.C., Cert. Ed., for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of London Imperial College Field Station, Silwood Park, Sunninghill, ASCOT, Berkshire. July 1971. CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION 3 SECTION 1. The cumulative mating frequency curve in Lucilia sericata 14 SECTION 2a. The alignment of parts during copulation and the function- 41 al morphology of the phallosome, in Lucilia sericata Meigen (Calliphoridae). 41 SECTION 2b. Lateral phallosome ducts in some Calliphorinae, other than Lucilia sericata. 64 SECTION 3. Test for the mated status of male Lucilia sericata. 71 SECTION 4. Tests on tepa-treated males of Lucilia sericata. 81 SECTION 5. Investigations into the nature, fate and function of the male accessory gland secretion in Lucilia sericata. .00 98 SECTION 6. The phallosome of Sarcophaginae. 116 SECTION 7. Studies on the mating of Glossina Weidermann. 129 SECTION 8. Phallosome structure in the male, and the co-adapted spermathecal ducts of the female, in Merodon equestris (F.) (Syrphidae). 154 SECTION 9. The evolution of sperm transfer mechanisms in the Diptera. 166 APPENDIX 1. A probabilistic approach to the cumulative mating frequency curve. 175 APPENDIX 2. Mating frequency data. 180 APPENDIX 3. The taxonomic position of Glossina. 193 APPENDIX 4. Spermatophores in Bibionidae. 199 SUMMARY 204 REFERENCES 208 1 ABSTRACT A review of the pest status of the flies studied is followed by an appraisal of basic research into the mating behaviour and physiology of higher flies, especially Calliphoridae. -
Fly Times 59
FLY TIMES ISSUE 59, October, 2017 Stephen D. Gaimari, editor Plant Pest Diagnostics Branch California Department of Food & Agriculture 3294 Meadowview Road Sacramento, California 95832, USA Tel: (916) 262-1131 FAX: (916) 262-1190 Email: [email protected] Welcome to the latest issue of Fly Times! As usual, I thank everyone for sending in such interesting articles. I hope you all enjoy reading it as much as I enjoyed putting it together. Please let me encourage all of you to consider contributing articles that may be of interest to the Diptera community for the next issue. Fly Times offers a great forum to report on your research activities and to make requests for taxa being studied, as well as to report interesting observations about flies, to discuss new and improved methods, to advertise opportunities for dipterists, to report on or announce meetings relevant to the community, etc., with all the associated digital images you wish to provide. This is also a great placeto report on your interesting (and hopefully fruitful) collecting activities! Really anything fly-related is considered. And of course, thanks very much to Chris Borkent for again assembling the list of Diptera citations since the last Fly Times! The electronic version of the Fly Times continues to be hosted on the North American Dipterists Society website at http://www.nadsdiptera.org/News/FlyTimes/Flyhome.htm. For this issue, I want to again thank all the contributors for sending me such great articles! Feel free to share your opinions or provide ideas on how to improve the newsletter.