Museum Air. the Art of Handling Art

lifefeb/2 0 13 magazine Museum air. The art of handling art. contents viewpoint lifefeb/2 0 13 magazine project report Museum buildings. The art of handling art. Page 4 science & technology Art pour l’art. In line with our slogan, we turn to the arts or much more, their place of collection Museum air. Page 10 The art of handling art. or assembly. For in recent decades, very impressive museum buildings have been erected: The Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, the Tate Modern in London, the feature Acropolis Museum in Athens, the Museum Folkwang in Essen or the very recent The Da Vinci Code. National Museum of China in Beijing. Page 18 Visit with us the world‘s most beautiful, most interesting and most famous museums highlights where we offer insight into the ventilation characteristics of museum buildings. Museums. Page 24 We have also „met“ a fascinating person generally regarded as the universal genius par excellence: Leonardo da Vinci. He is the forefather of fluid dynamics as is evident highlights from his sketchbooks, which were only rediscovered in the 60s of the last century. Museological. Scientists of our time have duplicated, for example, a diving suit and a flying glider from Page 26 his sketches and proven that his technical inventions work. forum & economy And last but not least, read some news about TROX. With the acquisition of the Art at its best economically. TLT building fans, the line of ventilation systems comes full circle for TROX. We can Page 28 now offer our customers the heart of ventilation technology, the fan. lifestyle Have fun reading! In the museum at the click of a mouse. Page 30 reportage Booty disappeared in the air duct. Page 32 interview Lutz Reuter Fiction of a universal genius. Chairman of the Board of Management of TROX GmbH Page 36 trox news Air is life. X Fans building fans. Page 40 apostil Where does art begin? Page 42 TROX life magazine – viewpoint 3 project report Museum buildings. A cross section of high-profile architecture. Explore with us high-profile examples of museum architecture. Reliable TROX technology ensures the conservation of valuable art treasures. British Museum, London, Great Britain 4 TROX life magazine – project report TROX life magazine – project report 5 project report British Library, London, Great Britain Museo del Teatro Romano, Zaragoza, Spain National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic Porsche Museum, Stuttgart, Germany Examples of outstanding architecture. The landscape of museums has showcase since March of this year. The DFB Football Museum in become diverse and varied. It is not Unusual and very interesting Dortmund, Germany will open its just the art and cultural collections museum designs have been and are doors in 2014. We want to briefly anymore that enrich our cultural popping up around the globe such introduce you to impressive museum map. Four automobile museums as the CosmoCaixa Science buildings whose walls veil the Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Spain have recently been erected in Museum in Barcelona, Spain and pioneering ventilation and air Germany alone. With the Museo the Phaeno Science Center in conditioning technology of TROX. Ferrari in Modena, the Italian cult Wolfsburg, Germany. Museums are brand has also had its museum even devoted to the sport of football. 6 TROX life magazine – project report TROX life magazine – project report 7 project report Star architects. It is normally the big names in Both architecture and ventilation architecture who enrich the technology must protect the museum scene worldwide. Recent precious objects of cultural value examples? The Kolumba in Cologne, above all. Reliability and security are Germany, a Diocesan museum, the highest priority for the museum was designed by Pritzker laureate planner. Innovative technology must Peter Zumthor and is a model of ensure a constant protective energy-efficient buildings. Frank O. climate. In addition, it must ensure Gehry designed the deconstructivist the safety of people and objects of architecture of the Guggenheim cultural value in the event of a fire. Museum in Bilbao, Spain. Zaha Hadid is responsible for the futuristic design of the MAXXI, museum for art and architecture in Rome. Mercedes-Benz Museum, Stuttgart, Germany MARTa, Herford, Germany Museu da República, Brasilia, Brazil Acropolis Museum, Athens, Greece 8 TROX life magazine – project report TROX life magazine – project report 9 science & technology Art pour l’art. Perfect air for perfect art. Room air conditioning usually aims at creating comfortable conditions for people. In museums, however, it is first and foremost the exhibits that count. The aim of room air conditioning in museums is preservation, the preservation of priceless works of art. 10 TROX life magazine – science & technology TROX life magazine – science & technology 11 science & technology 60 % FOR WOOD OR OIL PAINTINGS Ideal temperatures. The ideal climate in a museum is not based on the absolute temperature alone. What artefacts don‘t like at all are temperature fluctuations. Or worse, frequent or sudden temperature changes. Not only 50 % the room temperature has to be taken into account but FOR MIXED also the temperature at the surface of the exhibits. Yet EXHIBITS another critical factor is the size of large exhibits, which may extend as far up as the ceiling, i.e. beyond the occupied zone that ends at about 1.70 m. Balanced humidity. No turbulence. While temperature is important, the relative humidity The air is never void of dust particles, no matter has a much greater influence on preservation. The how good the filters are. A considerable amount is air conditioning system must dehumidify the air when brought in by the visitors. The higher the airflow velocity many visitors are present. For the better part of the and the level of turbulence, the higher the dust drift that year, fresh air is in many parts of Europe too dry, and the threatens the works of art. This is why airflow velocities humidity must be increased as a consequence. Generally and levels of turbulence must be kept to a minimum. accepted levels of relative humidity are: The ideal airflow velocity is 10% of the generally 40 % for graphic designs accepted comfort level. Since temperature and relative Air parameters. 50 % for mixed exhibits humidity must be constant across the height of the room 60 % for wood or oil paintings to avoid climate changes at the surface of the exhibits, Places where many people meet are usually subject climate in a museum depends, eventually, on the quality the quantity of air cannot be lowered indefinitely. to safety regulations that ensure safe and comfortable and condition of the exhibits. It is clear that paintings, on A sufficient airflow is required to dissipate heat loads conditions; for example, only a limited number of which we will concentrate in this article, are much more from the lighting or from visitors. persons may be given entry at any one time. Museums sensitive than, say, cars when it comes to any changes are a different matter, though. When a museum is built in the surrounding air. This is not to say, however, that or refurbished, the primary aim is to provide the perfect the odd automobile can not also be sensitive; just think climate for the exhibits. It is of utmost importance that of the material of folding roofs or of the leather seats of parameters such as temperature, relative humidity and classic vintage cars. 40 % FOR GRAPHIC air movement are kept at constant levels. The perfect DESIGNS 12 TROX life magazine – science & technology TROX life magazine – science & technology 13 science & technology Bottom line: constant climate. Custodians of good climate – the requirements. Even fluctuations of just 1 to 2 K may pose a problem To meet the preservation requirements of museums if they occur frequently. Constant climate means intelligent building management systems are a must – that sensitive materials must ‚work‘ less. The carrier because they monitor, record, and control important air material, the paint, and the frame of a painting must conditioning parameters such as temperature and adapt to each change in temperature or relative humidity. humidity. Volume flow controllers ensure that a setpoint value is maintained, e.g. by controlling the supply air An additional problem is that climate changes do flow accordingly. not affect the whole object homogeneously but from the outside to the inside. Tension in the material may lead Redundant air conditioning components. to hairline cracks, which can often be seen on paintings by Old Masters. In a museum with expensive exhibits a total failure of the air conditioning system, e.g. because of maintenance work or defective components, must be avoided at Ideal air conditioning all costs. In other words: Redundancy must be part of (maximum requirements for preservation) the design; if all principal air conditioning elements failed Room temperatures Heating: 20 ° C simultaneously, the works of art might be damaged Cooling: 20 to 24 ° C beyond restoration by the sudden change of climate. Relative humidity 50 % Large fluctuations should be avoided Compromise between comfort and conservation. As mentioned above, works of art need climatic conditions that are totally different from those for people. The room temperature, for example, should be as low as possible, which is clearly not what visitors and Time has taken its toll on centuries-old master pieces. staff want. A highly variable air conditioning system is therefore essential, and it depends not only on external factors but also on the architecture of the museum, the Air in its purest form. type of exhibits, and the individual part of the museum. Most museums are located in city centres And last but not least, the type of air conditioning and on streets with a lot of traffic where the system depends on whether a museum is newly built outside air is heavily polluted.

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