The NIH Record

U.S. Department July 6 National of Health 1982 Institutes and Vol. XXXIV of Human Services No. 14 Health

Two Leprosy Antigens 12th NIH Director Is Officially Sworn In Isolated at Colorado State

Investigators at Colorado State Univer­ sity have Isolated and characterized two antigens specific to Mycobacterium leprae, the organism responsible for caus­ ing leprosy. As a result, It may soon be possible to diagnose and treat the disease before it becomes symptomatic. The laboratory group, led by Dr. Patrick J. Brennan, associate professor of microbi­ ology, conducts extensive research in leprosy under contract to the National In­ stitute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. The investigators' findings are espe­ cially timely because M. /eprae has begun to develop resistance to dapsone. This drug, which has been in use for more than 30 years, has effectively controlled the disease and enabled its victims (approxi­ mately 12 million worldwide) to live in the community. Both antigens are glycolipids. The fatty Dr. James B. Wyngaarden (c) was ofllclally sworn In as the 12th Director of NIH June 21 In the War• segments (lipids) have been found in other ren Grant Magnuson Cllnlcal Center. HHS Secretary Richard S. Schweiker (I) officiated, while Dr. mycobacteria, for example the one caus­ Wyngaarden's daughter, Mrs. Michael W. Fitzpatrick, and Dr. Edward N. Brandt, Jr. (r), PHS Assist­ ing tuberculosis, but the investigators ant Secretary for Health, assisted during the ceremony. found the sugar (glyco) composition of these antigens to be unique to M. Jeprae. Both antigens have been sequenced and Dr. Lenfant Becomes Dr. J. Richard Crout elucidated. They are triglycosyl phenolic phthicerol diesters with the inherent tri­ Heart Inst. Director Named OMAR Director saccharide chains specific to M. leprae. Dr. Claude Lenfant has been appointed Dr. J. Richard Crout, director of the Bu­ Preliminary studies by the Colorado as Director of the National Heart, Lung, reau of Drugs at the Food and Drug Ad­ group, in conjunction with investigators at and Blood Institute, effective today (July ministration, has been appointed NIH As­ the University of New Mexico, have shown 6), by NIH Director Dr. James B. sociate Director for Medical Applications that the pure antigens (named phenolic Wyngaarden. of Research by NIH Director Dr. James B. glycolipid I and II and referred to as PHen­ The NHLBI is Wyngaarden. As GL 1,11) react with pooled sera from leprosy one of the largest such, he will head patients and do not react with blood from components of the the Office for Med­ patients with tuberculosis or other dis­ NIH, providing ical Applications eases caused by related bacteria. leadership for a of Research ef­ Thus, the investigators suggest, a puri­ national program fective July 12. fied antigen holds out possibility for de­ In diseases of the OMAR was cre­ veloping a leprosy specific diagnostic skin heart, blood ves­ ated in 1978 to test to replace the comparatively crude sels, blood and provide a mecha­ test now in use, which utilizes inactivated lungs, and in the nism for the timely whole bacilli. use of blood and transfer of the re­ The leprosy bacterium is exceedingly the management su Its of biomedi­ slow growing, taking 11 to 13 days to di­ of blood re- cal research to the vide, compared, for example, to its relative, Dr. Lenient sources. Dr. Crout practice of medi- M. tuberculosis, which reproduces in This Includes support of clinical trials cine. One key element In the effort has about 24 hours. Thus, the Incubation pe­ and demonstrations and education been NIH consensus development confer­ riod in humans is extremely long- from 3 programs relating to the causes, preven­ ences, which bring together broadly based to 6 years. tion, methods of diagnosis and treatment panels in public session to focus on emer­ A sensitive skin test or blood test would of cardiovascular and lung diseases. ging medical technologies to provide sci­ make It possible to detect early stage lep­ Dr. Lenfant is an Internationally recog­ entific evaluation of their use. rosy before symptoms appear and would nized research scientist and clinician. His Dr. Crout, who received his M.0. degree be particularly useful in monitoring close early research in France was in cardlovas- from Northwestern Medical School, has (See LEPROSY, Page 9) (See DR. LENFANT, Page 7) (See DR. CROUT, Page 11) South Dr. Closed to Traffic The NIH Record South Drive will be closed to traffic be­ ginning Monday, July 12. Wooden barri­ Publishet:I biweekly a 1 Bethesda. Md., by the Ed1tofia1 Operations cades will be temporarily placed at the Branen. 01v1s1on of Pubhc Information, tor the information ol emplovees o f the Na1,ona1 lnslltules of Health, Department ol entrance road to Bldg. 30 and at the inter­ Health and Human Services, and circulated by reques1 10 wrilers section of Service Road West. anO to ,esearche,s in b1ome<11ca1 and re lated l1elas Tne content This closure is being done on a trial ba­ ,s reprmtabie w1thou1 perm1ss1on Pictures may be available on 1equest sis. The NIH master plan, as approved sev­ eral years ago by the Maryland National­ The NtH RecorcJ reserves the rig ht 10 make corrections, changes, or dele1ions m subm1tteo copy m conlorm11y w ith lhe pohc1es of Capital Park and Planning Commission, the paper and HHS.

NIH Record Olfice 0109. 31 Room 2B-03, Phone 496-2125

Editor Jerrv GouJon

Staff Writers Edl1orlel Assistants w,111am B Ae1nckens Marilyn Berman Joyce F McCarthy Jane White

Staff Correspondents CC. Barbara Smakula; DCRT, William Hall: DPM , Judy Fouche; ORG, Sue Meadows; ORR, Barbara Menick; ORS. Jim Doherty; Multi-Awareness Fair FIC, Susan P. Stark; NCI, Patricia A Newman; NEI. Marsha Corbell; NHLBI, 8111 Sanders: NIA, Ann Oieflenbach: NIAID, To Be Held on Bastille Day Jeanne Winnick: NIADOK, Barbara Weldon: NICHO, Pamela Driscoll: NIOR, Sally Wilberding: NIEHS, Hugh J . Lee; NIGMS, The Second Annual Multi-Cultural Wanda Wa,ddetl; NIMH. Ha,ry Bell: NjNCOS, Diane St,iar; Awareness Fair will take place on July 14 NLM, Roger L Gilkeson. (Bastille Day) in the Bldg. 31 cafeteria from 5 to 8 p.m. Types 0 , B Positive Needed Coordinated by the NIAID women's sub­ As Blood Donors at Bank committee, the fair will feature crafts, art, calls for the development of a resodded dance, drama, songs, and foods represent­ and landscaped area south of Bldg. 10, "The whole area is short of O's," says ing the diverse ethnic heritages of NIH with recreational facilities for patients and Or. Paul Holland, chief of the Clinical employees and others who serve NIH. employees. Center Blood Bank, commenting on the Among the special performances and The six Metro bus routes that now serve area-wide shortage of all types of whole demonstrations will be the Peggy O'Neill the NIH will be affected by the partial clo­ blood for medical users. Irish dancers, a judo demonstration by NIH sure of South Drive. The existing bus stops Both blood types O positive and B posi­ Deputy Director Dr. Thomas E. Malone and located on South Drive will be relocated to tive are in critical supply. "We are into the his group, a medley of songs by Bill Renfo, Lincoln Drive, between Bldgs. 29 and 34. summer slump, already," observes Dr. Hol­ guitarist, and Middle Eastern dancing by Metro bus routes C2, E3, J2 and T4 will land, adding that traditionally fewer do­ Zeba. stop at these new bus stops. Metro bus nors appear in the summer months than at The entire NIH community is invited to routes ES, J1 , J2 and T4 will stop at the any other time of the year. attend. There is no charge.Li bus stops located in front of the new mafn Any NIH employee wishing to donate entrance to the ACRF. blood to keep a ready reserve on hand may AFIP To Conduct Pathology Course Additional information on all Metro bus contact the NIH Blood Bank, 496-1048. 0 routes serving the NIH may be obtained by The 1982 Pathology of Laboratory Ani­ calling or visiting the Parking Office in mals course will be conducted at the Bldg. 31, Rm. B1C15, 496-5050. 0 Training Tips Armed Forces Institute of Pathology from The following courses sponsored by the Aug. 9 to 13. Veterinarians and allied sci­ Pilots Association Speaker entists are invited to apply and will be con­ Division of Personnel Management are Featured at NIH Flying Club given in Bldg. 31. sidered on a space available basis. Non­ Federal and foreign registrants will be re­ The NIH Flying Club will hold its next Course quired to pay a fee. Office Skills Starts Deadline meeting on Thursday, July 22, at the FAES All applications must be received before House at 5:15 p.m. There will be a speaker Aug. 1. For further information, call Dr. Files Maintenance 8/25 819 from the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Asso­ and Improvement George Mlgaki, 576-2452. □ ciation. Club members will also discuss Communication the club's second scheduled "fly-in" that Skills Fogarty To Hold Workshop was held on June 26th at Ocean City. The next one is for Saturday, July 24 to Poto­ The Fogarty International Center will Writing Workshop 9/13 8/13 mac Airpark (Hancock, Md./Berkley, W.Va.). sponsor a workshop Repeated DNA Se­ on For more information, call Fred Bruner, Editing Technical 918 8119 quences in Eukaryotes in Wilson Hall July Manuscripts 496-9223. □ 12 through 14. Supervisory and Molecular cloning techniques have Management greatly stimulated research in this area lnt'I Women To Hold Picnic Effective 1014 9/13 and many previously unsuspected features The International Women's Group will Supervision of eukaryot ic genomes have already been hold its annual family picnic at Lake Need­ discovered. To learn more about courses in office wood, in Rockville, Md., on Sunday, July The workshop will include discussions 18, at 11 a.m. For additional information and communication skills, contact the of tandernly repeated genes, of the tan­ Training Assistance Branch, DPM, TAB, call Leslie (942-1997) or Sybil (984-7127). demly repeated DNA stretches known as IWG is composed of foreign visitors and 496-2146. satellites, and of interspersed repeated se­ For further information on supervisory their families conducting research at NIH. quences, many of which are transposable Those wishing to know more about the and management courses, contact the Ex­ elements. group are invited. D ecutive and Management Branch, DPM, For information and registration (re­ 496-6371. quired) contact Nancy Shapiro at the Fo­ ------garty Center, 496-2517. 0 Page 2 The NIH Record July 6, 1982 Robert B. Lanman Named Phone Links President and Patient NIH Legal Advisor You have Just turned 16, and for the past chief-of-staff. He asked if the President 5 months you have been in and out of the would be able to call John for his birthday Clinical Center receiving chemotherapy on Wednesday. treatment, and now you have been placed At first, they told Mr. Stancliff that due inside a laminar air-flow unit, a germfree to the President's busy schedule, all they environment or "bubble" used to aid your might be able to do was send an auto­ recovery. graphed photograph. You are not feeling very well and the people attending you encourage you to use your sterile bedside telephone to call and talk to people. You ask them if this government telephone can get you in con­ tact with the President of the United States. For most of us at one time or another, every citizen has wanted to speak to a PresidAnt, but for John M. Brown, a victim of Ewing's sarcoma, his strong desire to speak with President Ronald Reagan came to the attention of some important people. Mr. Lanman has authored numerous legal arti• It eventually led to President Reagan cles, among them a complete chapter on "Federal Confidentiality Protections for Medlcal calling John on Friday, June 18, at around Records" in a book soon to be published. 3:30 p.m. for an unusually long conversa­ tion lasting almost 6 minutes. Robert B. Lanman was recently ap­ pointed NIH legal advisor succeeding Richard J. Riseberg, who left NIH last Feb­ ruary to become assistant general counsel for public health, Office of the General John (c) and his mother, Sara (r), discuss the President's telephone call with John's physician, Counsel, HHS. Dr. Marin (I), and Mr. Stancliff. Prior to coming to NIH, Mr. Lanman, a graduate of the Iowa College of Law, was Later in the day, however, Mr. Stancliff chief of the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Men­ received a call from Baker staffer Cathy tal Health Administration Branch, Public Camalier saying that Mr. Baker had seen Health Division, OGC. In that capacity he her note about John and thought that the advised ADAMHA on a broad range of le­ President might be able to call. gal issues arising under ADAMHA's re­ On Wednesday, President Reagan was search and services programs. heavily involved in briefings on developing As NIH legal advisor, he foresees a con­ world affairs, and was also in the process tinuation of the office's traditional role of of getting ready to deliver an address legal advisor and counselor to NIH and its about world peace at the United Nations in managers and program administrators. New York on Thursday. Besides being involved in the myriad day-to-day legal questions arising from the Took Time Out of Briefing NIH operations, Mr. Lanman anticipates It was not until Friday that President new areas of legal concern that may de• A White House photo of President and Mrs. mand more time in the future, particularly Reagan Is held up for John Brown to see on the Reagan took time out of his briefing on in the area of scientific misconduct. "This other side of a laminar air-flow unit In the CC. the then-pending visit of Israeli Prime Min­ is an area where legal advice is needed, ister Menachem Begin to call John Brown especially if sanctions are imposed," he " I was shocked. We had no warning that on 6-West. noted. he would call," said John. "It was a high On that day he held a morning staff His office is also represented on various honor for me. It's not many kids my age meeting, met with members of the Na­ panels and committees within NIH so that who get a call from the President." tional Security Council, received Arizona legal questions may be answered immedi­ John's story begins with William F. U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater, and held a ately or legal problems anticipated and Stancliff, a visual information specialist reception for the Republican National prevented. " I look forward to a continua­ with the Division of Research Grants, who Committee. It was indeed a fortunate turn tion of this close working relationship be­ in 1978 was detailed to the executive of­ of events that permitted the telephone call tween legal and program staff," he stated. fice of the White House. to be made. Among the awards Mr. Lanman has re­ While there for 4 months, he developed When the call came in, it was answered ceived have been an OGC cash award for contacts with many White House staffers. by John's mother, Sara, on another tele­ superior performance in implementing the His association with the Brown family phone in the room. alcohol and drug abuse confidentiality reg­ came through mutual friends at the River• ulations. He is also the recipient of the dale (Md.) Baptist Church. " They asked me Operations Discussed Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health to look in on John from time to time be­ Most of the conversation between the Administrator's Award of Special Recogni­ cause I worked here at NIH," he says. Ithaca, N.Y., youth and the President was tion . □ Wished to Speak to the President centered around their respective medical procedures. " I asked him if he had ever After learning about John's interest in had chest tubes in his chest and he said speaking to President Reagan, and check• 'yes,' " said John. President Reagan then ing with his physician, Dr. Lorraine Marin spoke about the assassination attempt on of the Division of Cancer Treatment, NCI, his life and described the damage the bul­ Mr. Stancliff decided to make a few calls let had done. He told John that the bullet himself. had entered his side, landing In an area One of them was to the office of James Baker, President Reagan's White House (See REAGAN, P[!ge 6)

July 6, 1982 The NIH Record Page 3 Nerve Signal Imbalance to Heart Dr. Elvin A. Kabat May Trigger Epileptic Sudden Death Receives Three Honors

Nerve signal Imbalance to the heart heart rate. One group, the sympathetic Dr. Elvin A. Kabat, expert with the Na­ could explain the sudden death striking nerves, accelerates heart rate. The other tional Institute of Allergy and Infectious thousands of epileptics a year, according group, the parasympathetic nerves, slows Diseases, has received several honors in to research reported recently during the the heart. Together, these two groups form past months. 66th annual meeting of the Federation of the autonomic nervous system. On Apr. 30, he was presented the doc­ American Societies for Experimental Biol­ Ors. Lathers and Schraeder studied the teur honoris causa ogy. reactions to the autonomic nervous sys­ by the Universite Ors. Claire M. Lathers and Paul L. tem in nine cats injected with the seizure­ d'Orleans in Schraeder, in research supported by the producing drug, pentylenetetrazol. Initially, France for his Division of Research Resources at the PTZ was given in low doses to produce work on the struc­ Medical College of Pennsylvania in Phila­ preconvulsive activity. The dose was then ture of blood delphia, found that the relationship be­ gradually increased to induce full seizures. group A, B, H, Le tween and within the two sets of nerves One to three sympathetic nerves and and I substances. sending signals to the heart was altered in one parasympathetic nerve were simul­ Dr. Kabat re­ cats given various doses of a seizure-pro­ taneously monitored In each animal. De­ ceived the doctor ducing drug. grees of seizure activity were measured of philosophy hon­ The nervous imbalance occurred in the and correlated with autonomic neural dis­ oris causa on May preconvulsive as well as the convulsive charge and with changes in blood pres­ 13 from the Weiz- state. If the same imbalance occurs in sure, heart rate, and electrical activity of o,. Kabat mann Institute of human epileptics, it could explain the fatal the heart muscle. Science, Reho­ arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats) that pa­ The investigators found that in all of the voth, Israel. The honor was given in recog­ tients experience who are not having a cats, autonomic nerves to the heart did nition of his contributions to immuno­ seizure, according to the researchers. not always respond in a normal manner to chemistry, his achievements regarding the Sudden death, without any apparent changes in heart rate and blood pressure. nature and size of antigenic determinants, cause, strikes 3,000 to 10,000 young and Normally, when blood pressure falls, the and his recent development of a unique otherwise healthy epileptic patients each sympathetic nerves signal the heart to computerized approach for the analysis of year. Scientists believe that the sudden beat faster to maintain proper circulation. the genetic basis of antibody complemen­ deaths may be linked to an association be­ But in the PTZ-treated cats, a drop in tarity. tween epilepsy and irregular heartbeats, or blood pressure was associated with the On June 8, he was further honored by arrhythmia. opposite effect-the number of signals Columbia University with its 1982 Award According to most past research, fatal from the sympathetic nerves to the heart for Excellence. He was presented a medal arrhythmias occur only during seizures. dropped. for "excellence in pure science," at a din­ But this research fails to explain why one Drs. Lathers and Schraeder concluded ner-reception given by the graduate facul­ seizure causes death while the same type that during both convulsive and preconvul­ ties alumni. of seizure was survived in the past. Nor sive activity, the relationship between and An internationally known immunologist does it account for the fact that some epi­ within the sympathetic and parasym­ and educator. Dr. Kabat divides his time leptics die suddenly at a t ime when no pathetic nerves is changed. The result Is between NIH and Columbia University Col­ seizure activity is present. an imbalance of autonomic discharge to lege of Physicians and Surgeons, where he The investigators believe that the ex­ the heart, which they suggest may cause is professor of microbiology and of human planation for sudden death in epileptics abnormal heart rhythms and sudden genetics and development. He has been a lies in the two groups of nerves regulating death. D faculty member there since 1941. D

Dr. R. Christiansen Retires From NIDR; Joins University administration and research, Dr. Christian­ sen has been a lecturer in orthodontics at Dr. Richard L. Christiansen, associate di­ the dental schools of the University of Min­ rector for extramural programs, National nesota, the University of Maryland, and Institute of Dental Research, is retiring Georgetown University. July 9 to become dean of the University of In his new position, he will serve as Michigan school of dentistry. dean and professor of the school of den­ Dr. Christiansen first became associated tistry. He will also serve as director of the with the Dental Institute in 1964 when he W.W. Kellogg Foundation Institute, gradu­ served as staff orthodontist In the Oral ate and postgraduate studies. Medicine and Surgery Branch. From 1970 Dr. Christiansen earned his D.D.S. in to 1973, he was a principal investigator in 1959 from the College of Dentistry, Univer­ the branch and program officer in the De­ sity of Iowa. He received an M.S.D. in or­ velopmental Biology and Oral-Facial thodontics from the school of dentistry, In­ Anomalies Program. He became chief of diana University in 1964, and a Ph.D. in the Craniofacial Anomalies Program physiology from the University of Minne­ Branch in 1973. sota in 1970. D As associate director for extramural pro­ grams since 1981 , Dr. Christiansen has Experience Sesame Place! been responsible for managing and direct­ ing comprehensive scientific research pro­ Discount tickets are available for Ses­ grams related to dental diseases and dis­ ame Place, outside of Trenton, N.J., where orders. The recipient of many honors and awards, Dr. children can experience activities to In reflecting on his change of activities, Christiansen has served as a commissioned offl• stretch their minds and bodies and have Dr. Christiansen said, " I view this change cer for 23 years and retires at the rank of dental fun. Also offered are an imaginative out­ to the University of Michigan as another director. He received the PHS Commendation door play area, a computer gallery, res­ phase of professional growth, training, and Medal in 1980. taurant, and " hands on" science elements. challenge. Thus, I do not sense separation bridge the interdependent phases of re­ Tickets cost $6.25 and may be pur­ or departure from NIH, but rather a broad­ search, health care, and education." chased at the R&W Activities Desk, Bldg. ening experience and an opportunity to In addition to his background in dental 31, Rm. 1A18.0

Page 4 The NIH Record July 6, 1982 Six NIH Staff Members Honored During HHS Awards Ceremony

Dr. Raub Dr. Davies Mr. George Mrs. Low Dr. Moore Dr. Adamson

Six NIH staff members were honored by for Extramural Research and Training, and sented the Secretary's Special Citation for HHS Secretary Richard S. Schweiker dur­ David R. Davies, chief, section on molec­ Ten Outstanding Employees of the Year. ing the Department's Honor Awards Cere­ ular structure, Laboratory of Molecular Bi­ Dr. John A. Moore, deputy director, Na­ mony held Wednesday, June 23, in the ology, and rotating chief, Laboratory of tional Institute of Environmental Health Hubert H. Humphrey Bldg. Great Hall. Mrs. Molecular Biology, National Institute of Sciences, received the Departmental Man­ Schweiker, Drs. Edward N. Brandt, PHS Arthritis, Diabetes, and Digestive and Kid­ agement Award and Dr. Richard H. Adam­ Assistant Secretary for Health, and James ney Diseases. son, director, Division of Cancer Cause B. Wyngaarden, NIH Director, assisted Samuel W. George, assistant director for and Prevention, National Cancer Institute, with the presentations. finance, Division of Financial Manage­ received the HHS Equal Employment Op­ The Distinguished Service Award, the ment, OD, received the Secretary's Award portunity Achievement Award. Department's highest honor conferred on for Exceptional Achievement. Mary Eliza­ A reception for HHS, PHS, and NIH offi­ civilian employees, was presented to Drs. beth Low, lead visiting program assistant, cials, award recipients and their guests William F. Raub, NIH Associate Director Fogarty International Center, was pre- followed the ceremony.

Distinguished Service Award Secretary's Award for Departmental Management Exceptional Achievement Award-Executive Management Samuel W. George, OD Award Administrative category " For overall excellence and excep­ Dr. William F. Raub, OD tional initiative, creativity, and leader­ Dr. John A. Moore, NIEHS " For outstanding leadership of NIH ship in meeting changing require­ " In recognition of successfully effect­ extramural programs and innovations ments in finance, and using resources ing management improvements in­ in budget forecasting, stabilization of in the most efficient manner possi­ strumental to the advancement of the research funding, and policies for ble." National Toxicology Program." dealing with misconduct in science." Secretary's Special Citation for HHS Equal Employment Oppor­ Ten Outstanding Employees of tunity Achievement Award Scientific category Dr. David R. Davies, NIADDK the Year Dr. Richard H. Adamson, NCI "For sustained outstanding research Mary Elizabeth Low, FIC "For extraordinary contributions to on the three-dimensional structure of "In appreciation of her years of com­ Federal activities promoting equal op­ the antibody molecule and its relation petent, humanistic service to the for­ portunity and for sustained outstand­ to immune processes. " eign scientific community and to the ing performance in the area of equal senior scientific and administrative employment opportunity. " □ staffs of the NIH. " Satchel Paige's Maxims Two New Members Join NICHD Advisory Council Baseball's legendary pitching star Satchel Paige, 75, died recently at his Two new members have been appointed Irie Association in 1963. Kansas City home of heart failure. He was to the National Advisory Child Health and Dr. Willeford, a practicing pediatrician known for his stamina and longevity in a Human Development Council. They are Dr. for 18 years, has specialized in child devel­ sport where youth is usually an asset. Jerome Kagan, professor of psychology, opment and behavior for the past 12 years. Before retiring from the mound, the 59- Harvard University, and Dr. George Wille­ A native of Texas, he earned his B.S. year-old pitcher spoke these "master's ford, Jr., a practicing pediatrician in Aus­ from Texas A&M University and an M.D. maxims": tin, Tex. from the University of Texas Medical • Avoid fried meats, which angry up the Preadolescent Research Branch in Galveston, where he is now a blood. clinical professor pediatrics. • If your stomach disputes you, lie Dr. Kagan, who has been at Harvard down and pacify it with cool thoughts. since 1964, received his B.S. from Rutgers He is currently active In legislative af­ fairs of the Texas Pediatric Soc i ety. □ • Keep the juices flowing by jangling in 1950 and a Ph.D. in psychology from around gently as you move. Yale in 1954. • Go very light on the vices, such as He is known internationally for his re­ carrying on in society. The social rumble search on cognitive and personality devel­ ain't restful. opment In the preadolescent years, and was the recipient of the Hofheimer Prize • Avoid running at all times. for Research from the American Psychla- • Don't look back. Something might be gaining on you. □

July 6, 1982 The NIH Record Page 5 REAGAN Dr. Dawe To Collaborate on Cancer in Retirement (Continued from Page 3) Dr. Clyde J. Dawe, chief of the Compara­ t ure. tive Oncology Section in the Laboratory of not far from t he heart. He said that he had In later experiments they were able to to have tubes inserted in his body, and it Pathology, retired June 26 after 27 years show a variety of biological and biochem­ with the National Cancer Institute. He will "ain't no fun." ical properties of transformed epithelial "He sounds just like he does on televi­ continue his research on a part-time col­ cells, a type of cell which forms the outer sion," observed John about the telephone laborative basis with Dr. Thomas L. Ben­ layer of most tissues and organs. conversation. John told the President that jamin, a virologist at Harvard University This variability seems to depend on he was being treated in a special germfree Medical School, and will soon be moving whether or not the transforming epithelial room t hat helps to get his blood count to Woods Hole, Mass. cells are kept In contact with specific back up to a normal level. President Rea­ In his years at NCI, Dr. Dawe has pur­ types of connective (supporting) t issue gan remarked that he knew about the im­ sued two major interests: the controlled cells. portance of a good blood count due to his analysis of the interactions of the polyoma Dr. Dawe also pioneered efforts to iden­ hospital experience and his subsequent virus with various cell types, and the iden­ tify and characterize tumors found in lower physical examinations. tification, evaluation and comparison of vertebrates and invertebrates. He played a "I'll be thinking of you in my prayers," leading role in organizing and recruiting President Reagan said as he ended his the staff of the Registry of Tumors in part of the conversation. " I told him I'll be Lower Animals, located at the Smithsonian watching you on the news," said John. D Institution. The registry is 16 years old and has more than 3,000 tissue and slide speci­ mens of animals ranging from corals to fish, amphibians to reptiles. He estimates Visiting Scientist that nearly half of the specimens have Program Participants been confirmed as cancer. Sponsored by Fogarty International Center Identifies Clusters 5124 Or. Ian J. Havelaar, The Netherlands, Sur­ gery Branch. Sponsor: Dr. Paul Sugarbaker, NCI, One of the objectives of the registry is Bg. 10, Rm. 10N 102. to identify "clusters," geographic areas 5/25 Dr. Campbell Clark, Canada, Nuclear Medi• where tumors are prevalent in lower ani­ cine Department. Sponsor: Dr. Robert Kessler, mals. Identifying these clusters can give CC, Bg. 10, Rm. 1 B44A. clues to the presence of cancer-producing 5125 Dr. Christine Pommier, France, Laboratory substances in the environment. So far, ac­ of Clinical Investigation. Sponsor: Dr. Eric cording to Dr. Dawe, 40 to 50 such clusters Brown, NIAID, Bg. 10, Rm. 11 N220. have been identified worldwide and are 5125 Or. Motoyuki Shimizu, Japan, Laboratory of After leaving NCI, Dr. Dawe plans to continue represented in the registry's collection. Animal Genetics. Sponsor: Dr. Steven Li, NIEHS, his polyoma virus work. His current work in­ He received an A.B. in biology from La­ Research Triangle Park, N.C. volves assessing the responses cells have to 5/25 Dr. Yang Kan, China, Environmental Epide· fayette College in Easton, Pa., in 1942 and polyoma viruses which have been altered using miology Branch. Sponsor: Dr. William Blattner, his M.D. from the Johns Hopkins Univer­ recombinant DNA techniques. NCI, Bg. 10, Rm . 2A33. sity School of Medicine in 1945. He served 5127 Dr. Graeme J. Wistow, United Kingdom, tumors found in cold-blooded vertebrates with the U.S. Navy from 1945 to 1948 as a Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Bi• and invertebrates with those found in medical officer. He was aboard a naval ology. Sponsor: Dr. Joram Piatigorsky, NEI, Bg. higher animals and man. observation vessel at the nuclear tests 6, Rm. 329. Polyoma virus is a naturally occurring (Operation Crossroads) at Bikini Atoll. 6/1 Dr. Daniel Aquilano, Argentina, Section on Molecular Endocrinology. Sponsor: Dr. Maria mouse virus that, when grown in tissue Dr. Dawe became a pathology fellow at Dufau, NICHD, Bg. 10, Rm. 12N216. culture and injected into mice, can induce the Mayo Clinic in 1948 and received his 6/1 Dr. Karim Essani, Pakistan, Laboratory of tumors in specific organs such as the sa­ Ph.D. in pathologic anatomy from the Uni­ Oral Medicine. Sponsor: Dr. Patrick McClintock, livary and mammary glands. versity of Minnesota in 1956. He was the NIDA, Bg. 30, Rm. 124. Dr. Dawe and his colleagues investi­ founding editor of In Vitro, the publication 611 Dr. Pamela Johnson, Jamaica, Laboratory of gated the basic biology and cancer-pro­ of the Tissue Culture Association. Central Nervous System Studies. Sponsor: Dr. ducing (transforming) action of this virus He said that being able to pursue two di­ Clarence Gibbs, NINCDS, Bg. 36, Rm. 4A17. in inbred mice and were the first to show verse Interests throughout his career is 6/1 Dr. Motoko Matsuda, Japan, Laboratory of the ability of the virus to transform normal something he has appreciated, an option Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology. mouse salivary gland cells growing in cul- he feels today's scientists rarely have. D Sponsor: Dr. lnsu Lee, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, N.C. 6/1 Dr. Takashi Shimada, Japan, Clinical Hema­ tology Branch. Sponsor: Dr. Arthur Nienhuis, NCl's Dr. Terry To Head Meloy Laboratories NHLBI, Bg. 10, Rm. 7D19. 6/1 Dr. Narayanaswami Sundaram, India, Labo­ Dr. William D. Terry, director of NCl's im­ rector of the Cancer Control Program. ratory of Carcinogen Metabolism. Sponsor: Dr .. munology program, and chief of its immu­ Those two programs, along with several Peter Roller, NCI, Bg. 37, Rm . 1 E22. nology branch since 1972, has joined the others, were combined in 1980 to form the 6/7 Dr. Yasuyuki Ueki, Japan, Laboratory of Revlon Health Care Group as vice presi­ DRCCA. Dr. Terry served as acting director Neuropathology and Neuroanatomical Sciences. dent for biotechnology research July 1. Dr. until September 1981 when he returned full Sponsor: Dr. Maria Spatz, NINCDS, Bg. 36, Rm. Terry will direct Meloy Laboratories and time to his immunology positions. 4822. supervise research and development at After earning his B.A. at Cornell Univer­ 618 Dr. Naohiro Shirai, Japan, Laboratory of Bio­ Revlon. sity in psychology, he completed his M.D. organic Chemistry. Sponsor: Dr. Donald Jerina, In addition, he will organize Meloy's new i n 1958 at the State University of New NIADDK, Bg. 4, Rm. 216. 6/9 Or. Peter Molnar, Hungary, Membrane Trans­ Biotechnology Research Center in Shady York, Downstate College of Medicine in port Section. Sponsor: Dr. Joseph Fenster­ Grove, Md. Brooklyn. macher, NCI, Bg. 37, Rm. 5C23. Recently, Dr. Terry played a key role in After internship and residency at the 6118 Dr. Gen Suzuki, Japan, Laboratory of Im­ the organization of NCl's Division of Re­ Jewish Hospital of Brooklyn, Dr. Terry was munology. Sponsor: Or. Ronald Schwartz, NIAID, sources, Centers and Community Activi­ an NIH arthritis trainee at the University of Bg. 10, Rm. 11N311. ties. He was asked to administer the Can­ California. He came to the immunology cer Centers Prog ram temporarily In 1978. section of NCl's Diagnostic Research In 1979, he also became the interim di- Branch as a research associate in 1962. 0

Page 6 The NIH Record July 6, 1982 1982 Novice Bicycle Race Results DR. LENFANT (Continued from Page 1) cular surgery and physiology, and in pul­ monary circulation. He has made signifi­ cant contributions to orlglnal science in the major areas of concern to NHLBl- car­ dlology, hematology and lung diseases. He has been NIH associate director for international research and Director of the Fogarty International Center since 1981. Dr. Lenfant came to NIH In 1970 as the first NHLBI associate director for lung dis­ eases and was responsible for developing that program into the Division of Lung Dis­ eases in 1972. For his accomplishments in bu ilding the NHLBI lung program, he re­ ceived an HHS Superior Service Honor Award in 1974. Before coming to the NIH, Dr. Lenfant was professor of medicine at the Univer­ First-place winner Anthony E. Sloane (I) com­ Harvey Giller, 62, an NIH retiree took a first In sity of Washington Medical School, in Se­ pleted the 4-mile course in 11:28. He Is congratu­ the men's over 35 2-mlle race with a 6:43. After attle, where he was active in teaching, pa­ lated by second-place finisher Kee Park (12:15) winning his event, he came back and pedalled ln tient care and research. in the men's under 35 category. Don Burstyn the under 35 race. Second was W. Lee Moloe The author of more than 130 scientific came in third (13:25). Wendy Aaronson and and third was Jack Shawver, both only seconds papers and a member of a number of pro­ Doreen Arion took a first and second with times behind. Dlttle Stewart finished first In the fessional societies, he has received sev­ of 6:43 and 7:22. women's over 35 with a 7:36. eral honorary professorships and commen­ dations from abroad. He received his M.D. Nitrite Use May Be Linked to Kaposi Syndrome degree from the University of Paris. D

Abnormalities in the immune system of Fourteen of the 15 men had antibody to suggested that frequency of nitrite use 15 healthy homosexual men, who regularly cytomegalovirus (CMV), a type of herpesvi­ may be correlated with number of sexual use amyl and butyl nitrites as recreational rus, indicating past exposure to the virus. partners. The potential significance of this drugs, were observed by scientists who Antibody levels were similar for both ni­ association for development of Kaposi's recently concluded a Kaposi sarcoma and trite users and nonusers. sarcoma and opportunistic infections opportunistic infection study. These data suggest that CMV infection could not be definitively studied here. And, The scientists suggest that nitrite-in­ alone is not sufficient to produce the T third, this study, like others, focuses on duced immune suppression may occur as cell abnormalities found in this study. Re­ immune dysfunction as a key factor in the a result of repeated challenges to the im­ searchers have suspected that CMV may development of the cancer. mune system from viral infections, and play a role in the occurrence of Kaposi's It is possible that some other unknown predispose homosexual men to several sarcoma and opportunistic infections. factor associated with nitrite use, but not other diseases. The nitrites may have also the drugs themselves, causes the immu­ contributed to the recent outbreak of Ka­ Homosexual Predisposition Considered nosuppression and leads to the develop­ posi sarcoma among homosexual men. The investigators suggest t he data pro­ ment of cancer and opportunistic infec­ These findings were reported in the Feb. vide preliminary evidence that nitrite-in­ tions. 20 issue of the Lancet. Kaposi's sarcoma duced suppression of the immune system, A summary of the research is available is a rare skin cancer that usually occurs in together with repeated infections with from the Office of Cancer Communica­ the United States among elderly men or, in CMV or perhaps other agents, predisposes tions, 496 -6641. □ a severe form, among persons with weak­ homosexual men to the diseases. ened immune systems. The body may become "hyperimmu­ However, an increasing number of cases nized" by being repeatedly stimulated to have been reported in the past few years defend itself against viruses, the investiga­ among homosexual men. Opportunistic in­ tors suggest, and thus susceptible to ni­ fections are also seen among patients trite-induced immunosuppression. { :.,. . , · with weakened immune systems. Both Kaposi's sarcoma patients in the ' Microorganisms that would not be able study had used nitrites regularly. They had ,, f " .. to multiply in people with normal ability to antibody against CMV and low HIS ratios fight infections can become life-threaten­ before treatment with chemotherapy. ..~ ing when given the opportunity to infect The Lancet article provides the first s people with diminished immune defenses. immunologic data published on Kaposi's Some investigators have suggested that sarcoma pat ients. nitrite inhalants, which have grown very Each of the following contributed to this popular among homosexual men as sexual study: Dr. James J. Goedert, Dean L. stimulants, may be immunosuppressive Mann, Mark H. Greene, Joseph F. Frau­ and play a role in the occurrence of the ~ ~ meni, Jr., and William A. Blattner of NCI; • cancer and opportunistic infections such William C. Wal len of NINCDS; Douglas M. I : . I as Pneumocystis carinii, as unusual Strong and Carolyn Y. Neuland of the pneumonia. Naval Medical Research Institute and NIH Director Dr. James B. Wyngaarden (I) and The investigators collected data on 15 Uniformed Services University of Health channel 7 newsman Paul Berry became ac­ homosexual male volunteers and similar Sciences; and Christine Murray of Biomed­ quainted prior to graduation ceremonies at the data were also collected on two Kaposi's ical Research Institute, Rockville, Md. Eighth Annual Honors Convocation held In the sarcoma patients. Of the 15 healthy men, 8 Several aspects of the study should be Masur Auditorium, June 4. Nine NIH employees received college degrees from the University of were regular nitrite users (1 to 20 times per noted: First, the study group was ex­ month). the District of Columbia through NIH's Career tremely small. Second, other studies have Education Institute.

July 6, 1982 The NIH Record Page 7 New Form of Cholesterol Has Been Isolated W. Hardy, Biologist, Retires At New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center After 29 Years at NIH A new form of cholesterol whose pres­ In children, the disease can be present ence is linked to the prevention of athero­ as a neurological problem with unsteady sclerosis has been isolated in the blood of gait (ataxis) because the deposits of cho­ normal individuals by NIADDK grantee Dr. lesterol in the nervous system cause the Norman B. Javitt, professor of medicine clinical symptoms. However, eventually de­ and chief of the division of hepatic dis­ posits of cholesterol become evident in eases, at the New York Hospital-Cornell other tissues, and In early adult life could Medical Center. cause heart attacks due to atherosclerosis When the new compound-called 26-hy­ in the coronary arteries. droxycholesterol-is not present in the Of great importance is that these indi­ blood, or virtually undetectable, premature viduals have normal to low levels of cho­ atherosclerosis and early death from re­ lesterol in the blood which is different peated heart attacks may occur, according from other abnormalities where an associ­ to the scientist. ation between high levels of blood choles­ The new compound is produced from terol and atherosclerosis is known to exist. cholesterol in the liver and represents only The virtual absence of 26-hydroxycholes­ a tiny fraction of the total amount of cho­ terol in the blood of these individuals is an lesterol found in the blood. It has been important new clue to understanding the determined to be a powerful inhibitor of cause of atherosclerosis and is rapidly be­ cholesterol synthesis in cell culture in con­ ing further explored. centrations no greater than exist in normal Although great emphasis had been In his retirement, Mr. Hardy plans to renovate his home, and occasionally will concentrate on blood. given to the amount of cholesterol In the removing fish from river and bay. Dr. Javitt said the research has shown blood as leading to early atherosclerosis, that the absolute level of cholesterol in the more recently the emphasis has shifted to Walter Hardy, NCI biologist in the in vivo blood is less important than other factors, a careful study of these events leading to radiobiology laboratory, has retired after such as the accumulation of the sub­ the depositing of cholesterol and other 29 years of service with NIH. stance into the blood vessel wall. "Of per­ similar substances into the walls of blood He began his government career in 1944 haps greater interest," he added, "is the vessels, mostly arteries. when he enlisted in the U.S. Navy. In 1951, possible role of 26-hydroxycholesterol in These deposits cause narrowing of the he joined the Veterans Administration, and preventing atherosclerosis." arteries (atherosclerosis) which eventually a year later joined NIH as a physical sci­ The most intriguing aspect of the new result in stoppage of blood flow. When the ence aide. finding is that in a rare disease, called cer­ coronary arteries are attacked, heart at­ A native of North Carolina, Mr. Hardy re­ ebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX), the tacks occur (myocardial infarction); when ceived a bachelor's degree of science from blood levels of 26-hydroxycholesterol are cerebral arteries are attacked, strokes (cer­ Virginia Union University in Richmond. less than 1/10 normal. The disease re­ ebral thrombosis) occur; and similarly ceived its unusual name from the finding other problems such as high blood pres­ Mouse Toxicity Studies of huge amounts of cholesterol and other sure can result when the arteries of the sterols (xanthomas) that deposit in the kidneys are involved. Atherosclerosis is As an NCI biologist, he worked in a la­ brain (cerebral) and other tissues such as the major cause of disability and death in boratory which performs long-term mouse tendons during life. the United States. D lung toxicity studies or radiation effects on mouse lung tissue. In addition, Mr. Hardy was branch prop­ Two FIC Scholars Arrive From Italy and India erty manager, a job entailing much coordi­ nation and knowledge of certain systems Ors. Gaetano Salvatore, currently dean Branch, NIADDK. Dr. Salvatore will con­ for the proper functioning of the branch. of the 2nd Faculty of Medicine and head tinue the series of seminars on basic is­ He was extremely popular among his fel­ of the Institute of General Pathology at the sues in the study of receptors and ligand low employees, rendering "invaluable serv­ University of Naples, Italy; and George P. binding that he organized earlier, and he ice at all times.' ' □ Talwar, director of the National Institute of will complete planning for a conference, Immunology, New Delhi, India arrived re­ Scientific Exchanges and International cently as Fogarty International Center Collaboration in Biomedical Research, to Anxiety scholars-in-residence. be held in the spring of 1983. Anxiety is a form of worry described as Educated at the University of Naples, Dr. Beginning First Term a disturbance of emotion resulting from an Salvatore began his research career in mi­ uncertain event. Often, a person is subject crobiology in 1955. In 1956 he became a Dr. Talwar is beginning his first term as to needless periods of anxiety, because research fellow with Professor Jean Roche a Fogarty scholar-in-residence. He re­ someone else is slow about taking a prom­ at the College de France in Paris and be­ ceived his early education at the University ised action or delivery-or is derelict in gan work In thyroid physiology and bio­ of Punjab, and then studied at the Pasteur the performance of a task. chemistry. Institute and the Sorbonne. So, if you are given a task to do, or His early studies dealt with postthyroi­ When he returned to India in 1956, after promise to perform a duty, don't ever for­ dal metabolism of iodoamino acids, com­ spending 2 years in Germany as Humboldt get what mental harm might be done to parative biochemistry of the thyroid gland fellow, he joined and later became head of the worrier if you don't complete the job and its hormone, biosynthesis of thyro­ the biochemistry department of the All with efficiency and dispatch. D globulin and thyronyl hormones. India Institute of Medical Sciences in New Professor Salvatore came to NIH initially Delhi. as a visiting scientist in 1964, at which Well known for his work in endocrinol­ Segal on the mechanism of action of es­ time he began work on thyroid proteins. ogy and reproductive biology, Dr. Talwar trogens and other steroid hormones. He was the first to isolate and characterize has been particularly concerned with the As a scholar-In-residence, Dr. Talwar will the subunits and the aggregation products affiliation of immunologic methods to fer­ take part in regular FIC seminars and of thyroglobulin. tility control. meetings and will be available for consul­ He is now returning for his third term as While working at the Rockefeller Univer­ tation with NIH staff. He and Dr. Salvatore a Fogarty scholar, and he will again be as­ sity, he collaborated with Dr. Sheldon J. will have offices in Bldg. 16 (Stone House), sociated with the Clinical Endocrinology 496-1213. 0

Page 8 The NIH Record July 6, 1982 Brain Hormone Halts Premature Puberty

A potential new treatment for premature ture puberty was a synthetic progestin. lute, that is more potent and longer-acting puberty has been discovered by a team of This drug stops menstruation, but usually than the natural hormone. Daily injections scientists from the National Institute of fails to prevent the rapid growth that re­ of the LHRH analog have the same effect Child Health and Human Development, the sults in short adult stature. Treatment with as continuous administration of LHRH. Salk Institute, and Massachusetts General synthetic progestin can produce several After 2 months of therapy, gonadotropin Hospital. They found that large doses of a serious side effects. and sex hormone levels had dropped to brain hormone that normally triggers pu­ Doctors at NICHD and Massachusetts prepubertal levels in all five patients. berty can halt, and even reverse, sexual General Hospital have devised an alterna­ Treatment reversed breast and pubic hair development. tive treatment for premature puberty that development in some of the girls, None of The new treatment promises to be safer interferes with the chain of hormonal the patients menstruated during therapy, and more effective than the currently avail­ events necessary for sexual maturation. Treatment with the LHRH analog did not able therapy for premature puberty, said Puberty begins when the brain starts se­ produce any serious side effects, and its Dr. Florence Comite, an NICHD member of creting a hormone called luteinizing hor­ therapeutic effects were reversible. Two the research team. mone-releasing hormone in periodic months after treatment was stopped, the Puberty normally begins around age 11 bursts. LHRH stimulates the pituitary pat ients' gonadotropin and sex hormone in girls and 12 or 13 in boys. In rare in­ gland to release hormones called gonado­ levels had returned to pretreatment levels. stances it starts much sooner, even in in­ tropins. These hormones, in turn, stimulate Although this study included only girls, fancy. This can result from recognizable the gonads (ovaries and testes) to make more recent work at NICHD has shown abnormalities in the central nervous sys­ sex hormones, which cause sexual matura­ that LHRH analog therapy for premature tem, but often there is no identifiable tion. puberty is also effective in boys, says Dr. cause. The rate at which the brain releases Comite. She and her coworkers are cur­ Premature puberty disturbs both the LHRH is crucial to sexual development. rently studying the effects of long-term physical and psychological development Unless LHRH is secreted intermittently, treatment with the LHRH analog on growth of its victims. Children with the disorder the pituitary gland wlll not release enough and eventual sexual development. Prelimi­ develop sexually mature bodies and often gonadotropin to stimulate production of nary results show that therapy slows undergo the emotional upheaval and sex­ sex hormones. Research has shown that growth to normal prepubertal rates. ual awakening of adolescence before they continuous administration of LHRH desen­ The use of an LHRH analog to treat pre­ are ready for these changes. sitizes the pituitary gland to the hormone, mature puberty was reported in the Dec. Patients who enter puberty prematurely causing the pituitary to stop releasing go­ 24, 1981, issue of the New England Journal are tall for their age as children, because nadotropins. of Medicine by Ors. Comite, Gordon B. of accelerated growth associated with sex­ The doctors took advantage of this phe­ Cutler, Jr., and D. Lynn Loriaux of NICHD; ual maturation. They are frequently short nomenon to Inhibit gonadotropin secretion Ors. Jean Rivier and Wylie W. Vale of the as adults, however, because they complete in five girls ages 2 to 8 who had started Salk Institute; and Dr. William F. Crowley, their growth at an earlier than normal age. puberty. They gave the girls a modified Jr., of Massachusetts General Hospital. □ Previously, the only treatment for prema- form of LHRH, supplied by the Salk lnsti-

The investigators plan to further purify Two Join Associates Program LEPROSY and characterize PHen-GL 11, attempt syn­ (Continued from Page 1) thesis of I and II and continue the search Ors. Hortencia M. Hornbeak and John L. for additional antigens, both surface and Fakunding are the latest scientists to join cell wall, unique to leprosy. the Grants Associates Program. Supplies of M. leprae for research pur­ Dr. Hornbeak, a technical information poses are harvested in abundance from specialist with the National Cancer lnsti­ the livers of infected armadillos, an animal tute's International Cancer Research Data whose low body temperature has proved it Bank, received her Ph.D. in microbiology an ideal breeding ground for the bacillus. and animal virology from Georgetown Dr. Brennan and coworkers have for the University in 1972. past 2 years supplied the research com­ munity with purified organisms from Was Visiting Fellow armadillo livers. NIAID supports armadillo colonies in Louisiana and Florida to For the next 2 years, she was a visiting undergird this research. fellow in the National Institute of Allergy Working with Dr. Brennan are Ors. Shir­ and Infectious Diseases. She later became ley Wu Hunter, senior research associate, an assistant professor in the medical and Tsuyoshi Fujiwara, research fellow, school at the University of South Alabama, also of CSU, Fort Collins, Colo. D Mobile. She Is the author of 23 publica­ tions and abstracts. Dr. Fakunding, a staff fellow with the Science Writers' Seminar NICHD, received his Ph. D. in biochemistry Will Be Held July 20 in 1973 from the University of California, Ors. Hunter (I) and Brennan examine the reac• Davis, tion between the PHen-GL I and antibodies from A Science Writers' Seminar on Diabetes after which he was a postdoctoral fellow In endocrinology at the Baylor Col­ sera of leprosy patients. Photo by Ken WIiiiams, Colo. will be held Tuesday, July 20, from 9:30 to State UniY. 11 :45 a.m., in Bldg. 31 , Con!. Rm. 10. lege of Medicine, Houston, Tex. He is a member contacts of persons with leprosy. NIH experts will discuss diabetes re­ of the American Society PHen-GL I is found in abundance in the search advances and describe their own for Cell Biology and the Endocrine Society leprosy bacillus itself and in infected tis­ research on how insulin works; the role and the _author of 23 pub I !cations and abstracts. sue surrounding the foci of infection, common viruses may play in causing ju­ D since the bacterium excretes it during the venile-onset diabetes; on an enzyme which course of infection. Dr. Brennan suggests triggers diabetic cataract formation; and the glycolipid may play a role in the on diabetic retinopathy. Be nice to people on your way up be­ pathogenesis of the disease, perhaps sur­ The seminar is being sponsored by NIH cause you'll meet them on your way rounding the bacillus with a protective intramural scientists and the Division of down.- W//son Mizner□ coat and blocking normal immune reac­ Public Information. For more information, tions, such as cell destruction. call Bobbi Bennett, 496-1766.D

July 6, 1982 The NIH Record Page 9 Findings Presented at Workshop on Aldose Reductase Radcliffe Alumnae Honor

Aldose reductase, the enzyme responsi­ This study should make it easier for chem­ Dr. M. White Riley ble for the "sugar cataracts" that occur in ists to develop new and more potent ARl's Dr. Matilda White Riley, associate direc­ animals with diabetes, is involved in other, in the future. tor for behavioral sciences research of more serious diabetic complications as the National Institute on Aging, received well. Healing Rate Improved an Alumnae Recognition Award from Rad­ Recently developed drugs that block the Evidence that AR/ treatment can im­ cliffe College on June 12 in Cambridge. action of the enzyme are showing great prove the rate of wound healing in the cor­ Dr. Riley graduated from Radcliffe with potential as preventives for a wide range neas of diabetic rats was presented by Dr. honors in 1931 after having been elected of diabetes-associated problems, including Manuel Datiles, an NEI research physician. to Phi Beta Kappa. She did her graduate the painful nerve disease and possibly the Because slow healing of corneal wounds work at Harvard and the University of Vi­ blinding retinal disease that are among the has been a major problem in diabetics un­ enna and received a D.Sc. from Bowdoin most troublesome conditions afflicting hu­ dergoing certain types of eye surgery, his College. man diabetics. findings are expected to be put to a clini­ Alumnae recognition awards are given These are some of the conclusions that cal test in the near future. annually to graduates of Radcliffe who "by emerged from an international workshop Another highly significant workshop the quality of their life and spirit exemplify on aldose reductase, held in March at the presentation showed that ARl's are effec­ what the liberal arts education hopes to Lister Hill Center. The workshop was spon­ tive in reversing certain nerve abnormali­ sored by the National Eye Institute and at­ ties (neuropathy) in diabetic patients. This tended by more than 70 participants. finding, presented by Dr. Daniel Porte of Possible Role in Diabetes the Veterans Administration Hospital in Workshop participants summarized and Seattle, is the first evidence in humans discussed recent findings on the proper­ that ARl's may alter the course of diabetic ties of aldose reductase, its activity in dif­ complications in tissues outside the eye. ferent tissues of the body, its possible role "For many years, many of us have ex­ in the various complications of diabetes, pressed hope that these agents would and its control by specially designed drugs prove capable of protecting vulnerable tis­ called aldose reductase inhibitors (ARl's). sues from the ravages of diabetes," said Highlights of the workshop included Dr. Jin Kinoshita, NEI Scientific Director. presentations by two NEI intramural scien­ Until recently, however, ARl 's had been tists. A molecular model that identifies the shown effective only in preventing a single key features of an aldose reductase inhibi­ diabetic complication-sugar cataract- in tor and explains how ARl's that differ a single tissue, the lens of the eye. The greatly in their chemical structure can ex­ more recent findings, such as those re­ ert similar effects on the enzyme was de­ ported at this workshop, have yielded a scribed by Dr. Peter Kadar, a chemist at much fuller picture of the medical signifi­ the N El Laboratory of Vision Research. cance of aldose reductase and AR l 's. □ Dr. Riley is also a senior member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sci· ences, and is active in scientific circles both in Recorded Messages Planned by Personnel Management the U.S. and internationally. achieve." Dr. Riley is being honored for Over the telephone, beginning July 6 :

Arthur G. McKay, former NIH emergency chief of the Security Evaluation Section. In Animal Directory Available preparedness officer, who retired in 1979 1976, he became the emergency prepared­ after completing 42 years of government ness planning officer for NIH. He was also The revised 1981 Animal Resources: A service, died at the National Naval Medical very active in the NIH Amateur Radio Club. Research Resources Directory, published Center on May 28. During his 15½ years at NIH, Mr. McKay by the Division of Research Resources, is He came to NIH in 1963 from the Metro­ received several awards, commendations, now available. politan Police Department where he was and letters of appreciation. The two he The 50-page directory identifies animal an official. He began his NIH career in the valued most highly were the 1977 award as diagnostic laboratories, animal information Protection and Security Management Outstanding Supervisor of Stay-in-School projects, an imal reference centers, special Branch as a detective. Later, he was as­ Employees, and a commendation from colony and model study centers, and the signed as chief of the parking and traffic President Gerald R. Ford for courtesy ex­ major primate research centers currently control section, PSMB, where he planned tended during a presidential visit. supported by the Animal Resources Pro­ and established the traffic enforcement Mr. McKay was a retired U.S. Air Force gram. plan for NIH. colonel and a veteran of World War II. A single free copy of the directory may While in this position, he also held the Family members request that memorial be obtained by writing to the Research dual role of assistant chief of the Protec­ contributions be made to the American Resources Information Center, 1776 E. Jef­ tion and Security Management Branch and Cancer Society. ferson St., Rockville, Md. 20852, or from the Office of Science and Health Reports by calling 496-5545. 0

Page 10 The NIH Record July 6, 1982 DR.CROUT Dr. Melnick Will Serve Dr. Carl Kupfer Elected (Continued from Page 1) On Nestle Commission To Hopkins Scholar Society Dr Vijaya L. Melnick, special assistant been the Bureau of Drugs director since for policy and bioethics at the National Dr. Carl Kupfer, Director of the National 1973. Before coming to FDA in 1971, he Institute on Aging, has been appointed by Eye Institute, has been elected to the Soci­ was head of clinical pharmacology at the ety of Scholars at the Johns Hopkins Uni­ University of Texas Health Science Center the Nestle Company to serve a 15-month term on the company's Infant Formula versity In Baltimore. He is the second oph­ in Dallas, and later a professor of pharma­ Audit Commission. thalmologist ever so honored. cology and medicine at Michigan State The commission is responsible for Established in 1967, the Society of College of Human Medicine, East Lansing. Scholars honors former postdoctoral fel­ His major research interests have been in reviewing Nestle's marketing practices in the sale of infant formula to Third-World lows at Johns Hopkins who have gained hypertension and pharmacology. marked distinction in their fields of aca­ In 1977, he received the HEW Distin­ nations and for monitoring the company's compliance with the World Health demic or professional interest. guished Service Medal and an honorary Organization's Code of Marketing for At the induction ceremony held in May, doctorate in medicine from Uppsala Uni­ Dr. Richard P. Longaker, Johns Hopkins versity, Sweden, for his leadership of the Breast Milk Substitutes. The University provost, honored Dr. Kupfer for Bureau of Drugs and his international con­ Infant Formula Audit Commission was created his leadership of the Institute, and cred• tributions to drug regulation. to review how Nestle responds to allegations that its marketing ited him with spearheading a major attack A member of many professional activities in other countries are in­ on the problem of blindness caused by di­ associations and research societies, he is abetic retinopathy by promoting a multi­ the author of more than 60 papers on consistent with national or international measures taken to implement the WHO center clinical trial, the Diabetic Retinopa­ scientific research and policy issues. In thy Study. This study was undertaken to both 1981 and 1982, he received the determine whether photocoagulation was Commissioner's Special Citation from the useful as a treatment for diabetic retinopa­ FDA. thy. Dr. Crout has had considerable experi­ In addition, Dr. Kupfer was recognized ence at NIH, having been a clinical associ­ for his pioneering studies in the pathogen• ate in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood esis of glaucoma and for his research and Institute from 1957 to 1960. He also served writing on the experimental pharmacology on advisory committees of NHLBI and and control of intraocular pressure. NIGMS. In addition, he has coauthored sci­ A graduate of Yale University and the entific papers with several NIH research­ Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, he did ers. □ postdoctoral work during 1952-54 and 1957-58 at the Wilmer Ophthalmologicai In­ NIH Fin ance Chief Leaves stitute at Johns Hopkins. He taught at Harvard Medical School In April, Lloyd H. Fagg, NIH finance of­ and was chairman of the department of ficer and chief, Operations Accounting ophthalmology at the University of Wash­ Branch, DFM, left NIH to assume new du­ ington School of Medicine before becom­ ties as the director of fiscal services, ing the first Director of NEI in 1970. □ Health Services Administration. Mr. Fagg distinguished himself by insti­ tuting a more efficient accounts payable Or. Melnick joins the infant formula commission FIC Named WHO system. This system now permits NIH to chaired by former U.S. Secretary of State, Sena• tor Edmund Muskie, and 7 other distinguished Collaborating Center pay approximately 98 percent of its pay­ scientists and members of the clergy. able bills within 30 days, thus capturing all The Fogarty International Center was prompt payment discounts offered by ven­ Code. Although the commission was recently designated as a World Health Or­ dors. It had also reduced unpaid invoice established by Nestle, it will function ganization Collaborating Center for Re­ inventories to approximately a third of independently to provide an objective search and Training in Biomedicine. their former size. review of Nestle's procedures. In accept ing the invitation through Dr. Mr. Fagg is a graduate of the University In addition to her NIA position, Dr. Hector R. Acuna, Director, Pan American of Baltimore and a certified public ac­ Melnick currently serves as liaison officer Health Organization, Dr. Edward N. Brandt, countant. He joined the staff of the Divi­ to the President's Commission for the Assistant Secretary for Health, PHS, af­ sion of Financial Management, OD, in May Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and firmed that this designation " will contrib­ 1977. He became finance officer and chief Biomedical and Behavioral Research. She ute significantly to the research activities of the branch in March 1980. □ is also a senior staff associate at the of both WHO and the United States." international Center for Interdisciplinary As a WHO Collaborating Center, FIC Studies of Immunology at Georgetown functions will include training through va­ NIH Nutrition Committee University Medical School. rious Fogarty fellowship programs. FIC will Aids in Video Production Under the Intergovernmental Personnel also serve to stimulate contacts between Act, Dr. Melnick is on loan from the U.S. scientists or institutions and institu­ The NIH Nutrition Coordinating University of the District of Columbia, tions elsewhere in order to help foreign Committee is providing consultation on where she is a professor and premedical scientists pursue advanced studies in U.S. the production of the second series of sciences advisor for the department of institutions. video tapes, Eat Well, Be Well, funded by biology. She Is widely published on It will also organize symposia on issues the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company. subjects involving pediatric research and in International health; conduct informa­ Many of the segments will be introduced medical ethics. □ tion transfer on research institutions fos­ by physicians, a good percentage of whom Savings Bond Campaign Extended tering international collaboration; are NIH grantees. Dr. Artemis Simopoulos, distribute FIC publications; and facilitate chairman of the committee, will introduce HHS is extending its 1982 U.S. Savings cooperative research projects on tropical the segment on desirable body weight, Bond Campaign to July 15. Some advan­ diseases through the Gorgas Memorial based on an NIH/CDC workshop on body tages of the Series EE Savings Bond in­ Laboratory in Panama. weight, health and longevity held last clude automatic payroll deduction, de­ Through this action, FIC joins 10 NIH January. □ ferred taxes until maturity or cashin, no Institutes that have already been named state or local taxes, and security guaran­ WHO Collaborating Cente r s. □ teed by the U.S. Government. □

July 6, 1982 The NIH Record Page 11 'The Record' Goes Self-Mailer In the interest of economy on postal charged. The distribution to campus and costs, the NIH Record is now using the area off-campus locations is done through self-mailer system. The printed indicia on NIH facilities, and no mail costs are in­ this page is requ ired by the U.S. Post Of­ volved. fice. However, only those copies which Employees are cautioned not to mail the actually go through the U.S. mail are Record using the indicia. D ;;?Q COCDZ"O :cc ~a:~ C: :::, = ::7'<0 -· 2: ~~ ~Q. CD . 0 -· r- )> ,... Ill Cl) w:::, 0 '< - -4 :x, CC 'Problem Solvers' Begin New Patient Program -co a._.~ I ::c -4 Oc ::D ~ Cl) Jll s- Rl ~3: s:::8 Cl);:;: m "O~:::, -· ::cz -·co Ill 3;; ::7' C: -4 < (/) ~l\.ls.gi ~(/) 3:o CD §CD*< )> .,, C a.60 ff z (/) "'-> w - co (/) (t) 0 I\.) I m (t) :x, al Ill < 0 ~ s: m CJ)

Ms. Collier Mr. Gordon Ms. Kelly Ms. Friel B. J. Collier, Cecil Gordon, Nancy Kel ly, budget preparation and supervision. and Leslie Friel-four program coordi­ "This program was established with a nators or " problem solvers" -have re­ total patient care concept in mind," says cently implemented a new matrix man­ Larry Eldridge, assistant hospital adminis­ agement program in the CC designed to trator of the CC. "It allows the medical address administrative issues which arise and nursing staff to be effectively utilized at the patient care unit. in their professions." The goal of the coodinators' program is Although this program has only been in to form a patient care team within the effect since last July 1, planning actually hospital, tying the administrative, nursing, began 2 years ago. " It was felt that since and medical staff together. physicians and nurses provide a program The coordinators work closely with staff of care by seeing the patients on an inpa­ on the patient care units, and their re­ tient/ambulatory basis, the administrative sponsibilities include planning and coordi­ support should reflect that same kind of nating administrative activities with CC continuity," says Mary Thompson, deputy and Institute personnel. Maintaining an chief of the CC's Nursing Department. adequate inventory of supplies and "The program coordinators provide this equipment needed, and space manage­ administrative support to the patients. The ment are among their duties. coordinators first worked with the Cancer By assuming these responsibilities, the Nursing Service." coordinators allow the nurses to concen­ The program coordinators are under the trate on patient care rather than on admin­ Office of the Director. Currently, all have istrative tasks that would take up a large worked previously at the CC. Eventually, part of their day. In the future, the coordi­ there are plans for six coordinators to be nators' responsibilities will also include assigned to the various Institutes. D National Conference Held on Contract Administration Over 200 participants from colleges and question and answer sessions were a fea­ universities, nonprofit organizations, and ture of each of the six segments of the large and small businesses from through­ agenda. out the nation attended the National The conference was well received and Conference on NIH Contract Administra­ considered highly successful. Many at• tion in April. tending this conference suggested the Held at the University of Connecticut, need for similar ones to be held in the mid­ the conference was conducted by the NIH west and western areas of the country. Division of Contracts and Grants and the Mr. Fretts indicated that the positive re­ Research Contracting Committee. Nine action to this conference and the hun· leaders from NIH presented the program, dreds of written responses to an an­ led by Carl A. Fretts, DCG director, and nouncement in the NIH Guide for Grants Curtis Tate, deputy director. and Contracts demonstrated a need for Representatives from the research and NIH to conduct a series of conferences in development contracting activities of the certain of the more complex aspects of re­ NCI, NIAID, NICHD, NINCDS and DCG per• search and development contract adminis­ formed major roles in the conference. tration. Attendees were given a step-by-step Plans are being formulated to begin spe­ case study of an actual NIH research and cialized 1- or 2-day sessions during fiscal development contract. Presentations in­ year 1983.D cluded lectures and role play by NIH staff and University of Connecticut staff. Lively US. GOVERNMENT PAINTING OFFICE: 1982-341-134121

Page 12 The NIH Record July 6, 1982