TheThe RoleRole ofof thethe ProgramProgram OfficerOfficer atat NIHNIH
RichardRichard K.K. Nakamura,Nakamura, Ph.D.Ph.D. DeputyDeputy DirectorDirector NationalNational InstituteInstitute ofof MentalMental HealthHealth National Institutes of Health
Much of the biomedical research in the United States is supported by the Federal Government, primarily the National Institutes of Health (NIH) MissionMission
TheThe NIHNIH missionmission isis toto uncoveruncover newnew knowledgeknowledge thatthat willwill leadlead toto betterbetter healthhealth forfor everyoneeveryone.. NIHNIH worksworks towardtoward thatthat missionmission by:by: conductingconducting researchresearch inin itsits ownown laboratories;laboratories; supportingsupporting thethe researchresearch ofof nonnon-- FederalFederal scientistsscientists inin universities,universities, medicalmedical schools,schools, hospitals,hospitals, andand researchresearch institutionsinstitutions throughoutthroughout thethe countrycountry andand abroad;abroad; helpinghelping inin thethe trainingtraining ofof researchresearch investigators;investigators; andand fosteringfostering communicationcommunication ofof medicalmedical andand healthhealth sciencessciences information.information. NIHNIH GoalGoal
““……thethe goalgoal ofof NIHNIH researchresearch isis toto acquireacquire newnew knowledgeknowledge toto helphelp prevent,prevent, detect,detect, diagnose,diagnose, andand treattreat diseasedisease andand disabilitydisability…”…” U.U. S.S. DepartmentDepartment ofof HealthHealth andand HumanHuman ServiceServicess
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CenteCenterr f foorr CenteCenterr f foorr CliniCliniccalal Cent Centerer IInnfoformarmattioionn ScientifiScientificc Revi Reviewew TechnoloTechnologgyy NIH Extramural Awarding Components
• National Cancer Institute (NCI) • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) • National Library of Medicine (NLM) • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) • National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) • National Institute on Aging (NIA) • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) • National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) • National Eye Institute (NEI) • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) • National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) • National Institute for Nursing Research (NINR) • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) • National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) • National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) • National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) • National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) • National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) • Fogarty International Center (FIC) • National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NCMHD) A Typical Institute/Center
National OfficeOffice of thethe IC BoardBoard ooff Advisory DirecDirectotorr ScScientifientificic CouCouncilncil CouCounselonselorsrs
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ScientificScientific ProgramsPrograms Laboratotory ClinicalClinical GrantsGrants ContractsContracts StStudieudies StStudieudies ICIC DirectorDirector
AppointsAppoints allall staffstaff andand recommendsrecommends membersmembers ofof advisoryadvisory bodiesbodies MakesMakes fundingfunding decisionsdecisions basedbased onon review,review, councilcouncil andand programprogram SetsSets researchresearch directionsdirections NowNow reviewedreviewed byby NIHNIH everyevery fourfour yearsyears NIMHNIMH MissionMission
ReduceReduce thethe burdenburden ofof mentalmental illnessillness andand behavioralbehavioral disordersdisorders throughthrough researchresearch onon mind,mind, brainbrain andand behaviorbehavior NIMHNIMH FactsFacts
•• NIMHNIMH budgetbudget isis overover $1.3$1.3 billionbillion
•• 77th LargestLargest InstituteInstitute ofof thethe NIHNIH
•• MostMost goesgoes intointo moremore thanthan 45004500 researchresearch andand trainingtraining grantsgrants aroundaround thethe countrycountry basedbased onon expertexpert reviewreview thatthat fundsfunds lessless thanthan 1/51/5 ofof applicationsapplications NIH Funding in FY 2004: By Mechanism Total = $27B
Cancer Prev. & Intramural Research Control Nat. Lib. Of Medicine 10% 2% 1% Research Management 4% Construction & Fac ilities 1% R&D Contracts 10%
Research Project Grants Research Training 54% 3%
Other Research Grants 6%
Research Centers 9% KeyKey ConceptConcept
NIHNIH scientificscientific successsuccess isis builtbuilt onon fundingfunding ofof sciencescience projectsprojects selectedselected throughthrough aa processprocess ofof severesevere competitioncompetition (peer(peer review).review). AboutAbout 25%25% ofof applicationsapplications areare funded.funded. Within Each Institute Extramural Divisions are Responsible for Program Development & Implementation NIH Process for a Research Grant National Institutes of Health Research School or Other Grant Research Center Center for Scientific Review Application Assigns to IRG/Study Section & IC
Initiates Study Section Research Submits Application Idea Evaluates for Scientific Merit
Institute Evaluates for Program Relevance
National Advisory Council Conducts Allocates Funds Research Recommends Action Institute Director NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts Overall Timeframe from Submission to Award
There are three overlapping cycles per year :
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL
Cycle 1 Receipt Review Council Referral Award Cycle 2 Receipt Review Council Referral Award
Cycle 3 Receipt Review Council Referral Award KeyKey ConceptConcept 22
SeparationSeparation andand independenceindependence ofof programprogram andand reviewreview .. ThisThis isis differentdifferent fromfrom thethe USUS NationalNational ScienceScience Foundation.Foundation. NIHNIH LayersLayers
PresidentPresident ofof USAUSA SecretarySecretary ofof HealthHealth andand HumanHuman ServicesServices NIHNIH DirectorDirector ICIC DirectorDirector DivisionDivision DirectorDirector BranchBranch ChiefChief ProgramProgram OfficerOfficer POPO PrimaryPrimary JobJob
SupportSupport extramuralextramural grants,grants, contractscontracts andand trainingtraining withwith thethe goalgoal ofof improvingimproving nationalnational health.health. NIH Research Support Mechanisms
• Grant: NIH supports projects proposed by a Principal Investigator • Cooperative Agreement: NIH is partner with substantial program involvement • Contract: NIH asks scientists to do research that NIH proposes. • Training grant: for training of future scientists POPO DutiesDuties
•• AdviseAdvise grantgrant applicantsapplicants •• AttendAttend scientificscientific reviewreview •• MakeMake fundingfunding recommendationsrecommendations •• MonitorMonitor awardedawarded grantsgrants •• FosterFoster specificspecific sciencescience throughthrough initiativesinitiatives andand meetingsmeetings •• TalkTalk toto publicpublic •• MaintainMaintain his/herhis/her ownown scientificscientific expertiseexpertise Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting 2001 Workshops/Conferences
• Assess the state-of-science • Identify research needing stimulation • Present suggestions from individual scientists InitiativesInitiatives Program Development Identification of Priority Areas
• Staff Analysis & Evaluation • Input from Leaders in Scientific Community, NIMH Director, and NIMH Council Members • Recommendations from Planning Groups & Workshops • Final decision by NIMH Director Scientific Initiatives
PO develops Institute priority areas into concepts for Initiatives
Institute Review
National Advisory Mental Health Council
Announce to Research Community (NIH Guide) Program Announcement (PA) • Invites grant applications in a given research area
• May describe new or expanded interest in a particular extramural program
• May be a reminder of a continuing interest in a particular extramural program
• Generally has no funds set aside
• Applications reviewed in CSR along with unsolicited grant applications Requests for Applications (RFAs) & Proposals (RFPs)
• Announcements describing an institute initiative in a well-defined scientific area • Invitation to the field to submit research grant applications or contract proposals for a one-time competition • Set-aside of funds for a certain number of awards • Applications generally reviewed within the issuing institute What Determines Which Awards Are Made?
• Scientific merit • Program Considerations • Availability of funds NIH Home Page - www.nih.gov
•NIH Guide • Grant Policy • Applications
• Additional Program Information • Staff Contacts NIH Grant related Information on the WORLD WIDE WEB Selected Sites of Interest
• NIH MAIN: http://www.nih.gov/ • NIH Office of Extramural Research – Opportunities/Grants Policies, Etc.: http://www.nih.gov/grants/oer.htm • NIH Funding Opportunities and Notices: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/index.html • Fogarty International Center: http://www.fic.nih.gov • Center for Scientific Review: http://www.csr.nih.gov IssuesIssues fromfrom thisthis meetingmeeting
SalariesSalaries ProblemProblem ofof fairnessfairness ConflictConflict ofof interestinterest POPO returnreturn toto researchresearch ProblemProblem ofof renewalrenewal –– competitioncompetition EvaluationEvaluation NoNo systemsystem isis perfectperfect Change,Change, alwaysalways changechange www.nimh.nih.govwww.nimh.nih.gov