DOCSLIB.ORG

Lesson 2 Rise of New Kingdom

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Lesson 2 Rise of New Kingdom History Class VII LESSON 2 RISE OF NEW KINGDOM NORTH INDIA ORIGIN OF THE RAJPUTS: The word Rajput has its origin in the Sanskrit language. It comes from the word RAJAPUTRA which means son of a king or ruler in Sanskrit. *Some scholars believe that Rajputs were the descendants of Central Asian tribes. * Most of the scholars agree that they belonged to the Kshatriya clan. *Some Rajputs called themselves Suryavanshi, belonging to the Sun family. *Others called themselves as Chandravanshi, belonging to the Moon family. *Some believe that they were born out of a holy sacrificial fire (agni- kula). *These were the Pratiharas, the Chauhans, the Solankies and the Paramaras. *The Tomars, the Gahadavalas and the Chandellas were three other important Rajput clans. *The Rajputs dominated northern India from about 750AD to 1000 AD. The Tomars;-The Tomar founded Delhi in 8th century. The Chauhans; ruled Delhi and Ajmer. Prithviraj Chauhans was the most powerful Chauhan ruler. Chand Bardai’s popular epic poem, Prithviraj Raso tells us about Prithviraj’s valour and his fight with Muhammad Ghori. The Solankis;They belongs to Gujarat areas. Siddharaja was the most powerful Solanki ruler.The Dilwara temple at Mount-Abu and the Sun temple at Modhera were built by them. The Paramaras; The Paramars were famous Malwa rulers their capital was Dhar. Nilakantheshwara temple at Udaipur was built by them. 1 | P a g e History Class VII The Gahadavalas;Jaichandra was the king of Gahadavalas ruled the region around Kannauj. In 1194 AD, Muhammad Ghori defeated the Gahadavala king Jaichandra. The Chandellas of Bundelkhand;Kirtivarman was the most powerful Chandella ruler. Khajuraho was the capital city of the Chandellas. The Gurjara-Pratiharas: Ruled over western India, parts of western and central Rajasthan and parts of central India. *Nagabhata-1 was the most powerful ruler of the Pratihara dynasty *Vatsaraja and Bhoja were the other important rulers. *Raja Bhoja established the largest empire in northern India. *Mahmud of Ghazni defeated the Pratihara ruler.The dynasty soon came to an end. The Palas;-was founded by GOPALA in 750 AD. The unique feature was that he was an elected king. *Dharmapala and Devapala were two other great Pala rulers.They built a large empire. *Tibetan accounts inform us that the Palas were the patrons of Buddhism. * The famous Vikramshila University of Bihar was founded by Dharampala. THE DECCAN:The Deccan was the region between the rivers Krishna and Narmada. The Rashtrakutas The Rashtrakutas came to power in the 8th century. *Dantidurga was the founder of the Rashtrakutas kingdom. *Govinda ,Amoghavarsha and Krishana111 were famous rulars of Rashtrakutas. 2 | P a g e History Class VII The Rashtrakutas were great patrons of art and architecture. They built the beautiful Kailasa temple in Ellora and rock cut caves at Elephanta near modern Mumbai. Other Kingdoms of the Deccan:- The Chalukyas-Vikramanka was the famous ruler of this dynasty. The Kakatiyas- kingdom lay between the Krishna and Godavari rivers. They were followers of Shaivism. The Yadavas- Bhillama founded the kingdom in 12th century. The Hoysalas of Dvarasamudra-The most powerful king was Vishnuvardhan. Later the kingdom was taken over by the Delhi Sultanate. The Tripartite Struggle- The city of Ganga valley was the major cause of struggle of the rulers of the Gurjara-Pratihara, Rashtrakutas and Pala dynasties. The fertile region of the Gangetic valley the wealth and the resources attracted these rulers. The Muslims invaders from North West:- Mahmud of Ghazni- from Afghanistan want to extend his empire over large part of Central Asia.Money was required to raise a large army. He led the invasion to get hold of the wealth in India. He raided seventeen times, between 1000 AD to 1025 AD. The raid on Somnath temple (1026 AD), in Kathiawar, was the most famous. The Ghorids:- Muhammad Ghori was also invader to reach India. He attacked and conquered Multan in 1175AD, and the rulers of Gujarat in 1178 AD. Prithviraj and Muhammad Ghori wanted to control Punjab and the Ganga valley. This led to the battles that took place at Tarain in 1191 and 1192 AD. The battle of Tarain:- Fought between the forces of Prithviraj Chauhan and Muhammad Ghori.In the first battle , Prithviraj Chauhan gave a crushing defeat to Muhammad Ghori. 3 | P a g e History Class VII In second battle of Tarain Muhammad Ghori returned with preparations and defeated Prithviraj Chauhan, and became the master of Delhi areas and eastern Rajasthan. Southern India:- The Pallavas:- They built their capital at Kanchi. The Cholas defeated them in 9th century. The Pandyass:- They established their capital around Madurai, the Kingdom declined toward the 14th century. The Cholas:-between (8oo and 1200 AD). The Imperial Cholas, were very powerful empire in south India. Their capital was Tanjore. Rajaraja Cholas (985 -1016 AD) He was a brilliant commander with an organized army and navy. To control the trade in international level he captured and control the Malabar Coast and Cholamandalam coast. He built a beautiful temple of Brihadeeshwara in Tanjore. Rajendra Chola (1016 -1044) He continued the policy of conquests. He conquered Sri Lanka and then marched towards north-east, West Bengal to defeat Palas. His army even reached Myanmar. People regard him as Gangai kondachola. Gangaikondacholapuram:- means city(puram) of the Cholas (Chola) to which was brought (Konda) the river Ganga (Gangai). Rajendra Chola filled the entire temple tank with water from the Ganga. People celebrated his victory. His adventurous campaign in south-east Asia:- Indian ships had to travel through the Straits of Molucca, which was under the control of the Kingdom of Sri Vijaya. The merchants had to face great problem for this. They appealed to Rajendra Chols for aid, then large fleet against Sri Vijaya was sent , where he was defeated by the chola navy. 4 | P a g e History Class VII Chola navy. Chola Trade:-The traders during the Chola period dominated trade. The two chief ports ports were Kaveripattinam and Nagapattinam. Trade guilds were established.Cholas carried on international trade. CULTURAL ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE CHOLAS:- Temples:-The temples build by the Cholas are spectacular examples of architectural and sculptural marvels. The famous temples of Thanjavur and Gangaikondacholapuram were built by Rajaraja chola and Rajendra Chola. Sculptures:- Bronze images were distinctive feature. Nataraja, image of Lord Shiva as Lord of dance, is one of the finest specimen of Chola art. Language and Literature:- Tamil, Telugu and Kannad developed during Chola period.Copper plate inscription and other inscriptions gives wide information about Cholas. Administration:-The King was the powerful person but was expected to take advice of either his council of ministers or his purohit. The administration was also looked after by the assemblies at the town and village level. For easy and efficient administration, the Cholas Empire was divided into provinces called Mandalams. Each Mandalams were further divided into provinces called Valanadu or districts. Groups of villages formed larger units called nadus. The role of Local self-government were to be followed. The UR and SABHAS were the two important assemblies. Cholas inscriptions mention about large corporations named Manigramams. Agriculture:-Cholas made new developments in agriculture. Cholas learned and introduced the art of growing two crops in a year. They excelled in cultivation of rice. Irrigation:- Cholas had well organized irrigation system. The branches of Kaveri river were divided into several small channels that deposited 5 | P a g e History Class VII fertile alluvial on the banks. Embankments were constructed in the delta region. Artificial water cropping were used. Huge tankswere constructed to collect rainwater. Huge investments done in agriculture even the barren lands were brought under cultivation. 6 | P a g e History Class VII Lesson -3 The Delhi Sultanate (1206 to 1526) Sources for the Sultanate Period:-Inscription,coin and monuments provide a lots of information about this period. Turko-Arab traditions of recording events made court chronicles the most valuable sources of information. Detailed accounts of court proceedings have been provided by Zia-ud –din Barani, Shams-i-Siraj Afif, Minhaj - i- Siraj, Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo, visited India during this period. The Slaves Dynasty:-The rulers of this dynasty were called slaves or Mamluk Sultans.The early Sultans were intelligent and hardworker,so they rose to power and position. Qutbuddin Aibak(1206-1210) He established his control and marched to Delhi. Due to his generous and kind-hearted nature he was honoured with the tittle of Lakh Baksh or giver of lakhs. IItutmish (1210-1236) Faced many problems but his strong will and power, established a strong and consolidated Sultanate. He actually completed the task of Qutbuddin Aibak and therefore regarded as the actual founder of the Delhi Sultanate. Raziya Sultan:- was the capable daughter of IItutmish. All the other nobles in the court were not satisfied with IItutmish decision as they could not tolerate a woman’s rule. Raziya was a dynamic ruler with progressive thinking. She rode elephants like males, hunted and led the army. She was successful establishing law and order in her kingdom. Some of the nobles conspired against her and killed, she died like a brave soldier. Ghiyasuddin Balban (1266-1287) He was an able noble and power ruler of Slave Dynasty. 7 | P a g e History Class VII He organized and strengthened the army. He controlled the raids of Mongals in India. Balban regard sultan in high esteem so he introduced the Persian customs of sijdah and paibos or zaminbos. The Khalji Dynasty:- Jalaluddin Firoz Khalji was not a strong ruler. He had a lenient policy towards the Mangols. He even married one his daughters to Ulugh Khan, the Mongol leader.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Medieval History
    CONTENTS MEDIEVAL HISTORY 1. MAJOR DYNASTIES (EARLY ....... 01-22 2. EARLY MUSLIM INVASIONS ........23-26 MEDIEVAL INDIA 750-1200 AD) 2.1 Early Muslim Invasions ..................24 1.1 Major Dynasties of North ...............02 The Arab Conquest of Sindh ............... 24 India (750-1200 Ad) Mahmud of Ghazni ............................ 24 Introduction .......................................2 Muhammad Ghori ............................. 25 The Tripartite Struggle ........................2 th th The Pratiharas (8 to 10 Century) ........3 3. THE DELHI SULTANATE ................27-52 th th The Palas (8 to 11 Century) ...............4 (1206-1526 AD) The Rashtrakutas (9th to 10th Century) ....5 The Senas (11th to 12th Century) ............5 3.1 The Delhi Sultanate ......................28 The Rajaputa’s Origin ..........................6 Introduction ..................................... 28 Chandellas ........................................6 Slave/Mamluk Dynasty (Ilbari ............ 28 Chahamanas ......................................7 Turks)(1206-1526 AD) Gahadvalas ........................................8 The Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320 AD) ..... 32 Indian Feudalism ................................9 The Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414 AD) .. 34 Administration in Northern India ........ 09 The Sayyid Dynasty ........................... 38 between 8th to 12th Century Lodi Dynasty .................................... 38 Nature of Society .............................. 11 Challenges Faced by the Sultanate ...... 39 Rise
    [Show full text]
  • Essentials of Hindutva.Pdf
    Hindutva SwatantryaVeer V.D. Savarkar Essentials of Hindutva Swatantryaveer Vinayak Damodar Savarkar (1883 – 1966) What is in a name? We hope that the fair Maid of Verona who made the impassioned appeal to her lover to change 'a name that was 'nor hand, nor foot, nor arm, nor face, nor any other part belonging to a man' would forgive us for this our idolatrous attachment to it when we make bold to assert that, 'Hindus we are and love to remain so!' We too would, had we been in the position of that good Friar, have advised her youthful lover to yield to the pleasing pressure of the logic which so fondly urged 'What's in a name? That which we call a rose would smell as sweet by any other name!' For, things do matter more than their names, especially when you have to choose one only of the two, or when the association between them is either new or simple. The very fact that a thing is indicated by a dozen names in a dozen human tongues disarms the suspicion that there is an invariable connection or natural connection or natural concomitance between sound and the meaning it conveys. Yet, as the association of the word with the thing is signifies grows stronger and lasts long, so does the channel which connects the two states of consciousness tend to allow an easy flow of thoughts from one to the other, till at last it seems almost impossible to separate them. And when in addition to this a number of secondary thoughts or feelings that are generally roused by the thing get mystically entwined with the word that signifies it, the name seems to matter as much as the thing itself.
    [Show full text]
  • The Last Hindu Emperor Prithviraj Chauhan and the Indian Past, 1200-2000 1St Edition Download Free
    THE LAST HINDU EMPEROR PRITHVIRAJ CHAUHAN AND THE INDIAN PAST, 1200-2000 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE Cynthia Talbot | 9781107544376 | | | | | The Last Hindu Emperor: Prithviraj Chauhan and the Indian Past, 1200-2000 All Languages. According to the 15th-century historian Jonaraja"naga" here refers to elephants. Govind Singh is currently reading it Jun 01, According to Tabaqat-i Nasirihe gathered a well-equipped army ofselect AfghanTajik and Turkic horsemen over the next few months. Over time, Prithviraj came to be portrayed as a patriotic Hindu warrior who fought against Muslim enemies. Both the texts state that he was particularly proficient in archery. Hardcoverpages. Manali marked it as to-read Sep 29, In response, Jagaddeva told Abhayada that he had concluded a treaty with Prithviraj with much difficulty. First published inthis selection was created to provide the general reader and university Singh believes that no such conclusion can be drawn from Minhaj's writings. The Mohils are a branch of the Chauhans the Chahamanasand it is possible the inscriptions refer to the battle described in Prithviraj Raso. The Provincial Geography of India series was created during the early part of the twentieth Singhpp. Nevertheless, the 19th century British officer James Tod repeatedly used this term to describe Prithviraj in 1200-2000 1st edition Annals and Antiquities of Rajast'han. Prithviraj was not able to annex the Chandela territory to his kingdom. After his victory, Prithviraj sacked Mahoba. Anil Sinha added it Apr 24, Later, Paramardi's son recaptured Mahoba. Despite being overthrown, however, his name and story have evolved 1200- 2000 1st edition time 1200-2000 1st edition a historical symbol of India's martial valor.
    [Show full text]
  • CLASS-7 HISTORY CHAPTER-1 Tracing Changes in Medieval Period -By Vineet Kaur
    CLASS-7 HISTORY CHAPTER-1 Tracing Changes in Medieval Period -by Vineet Kaur SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS Q1. What do literary resources include? Ans. Literary sources include autobiographies, biographies, chronicles and travelogues. Q2. Into how many periods can the medieval period be divided? Ans. Medieval period can be divided into 2 periods: - 1) Early medieval period (8th -13th century). 2) Late medieval period (13th-18th century). Q3. Who wrote Prithviraj Raso? What does it describe? Ans. Prithviraj Raso was written by Chandbardai. It describes the life and adventures of Prithvi Raj Chauhan, Rajput ruler of Delhi and Ajmer. Q4. Why was Bhakti Movement considered a major development in India? Ans. One of the major developments of this period was the Bhakti movement. This was a form of prayer in which the devotees would worship God without the help of priests and elaborate rituals. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS Q1. Briefly describe the archaeological resources. Ans. The description of archaeological resources are as follows: - 1) Inscriptions - Inscriptions are found on the coins, pillars, monuments and seals. These provide short but important information on various aspects. 2) Monuments - Monuments like tomb, Forts, mosques and temples provide a lot of information about the period. 3) Paintings - In the medieval period two kinds of paintings emerged. They were the mural and miniature paintings. 4) Coins - Coins provide information about the names and dates or different rulers. They also give us an idea of the economic conditions prevailing during that time. Q2. How do travelogues help in reconstruction of history? Ans. Travelogues play a very important role in reconstructing history as many Muslim and European travelers visited India and wrote an account of the travels.
    [Show full text]
  • WORKSHEET, Class 7Th,History, Chapter 2,S.St. A.Answer These Questions:- Answer:- 1 Al-Beruni
    WORKSHEET, Class 7th,History, chapter 2,S.St. A.Answer these questions:- Answer:- 1 Al-Beruni. Answer:- 2 Dantivarman was the founder of Rashtrakut dynasty. Answer:- 3 Rajputs are Well known for their bravery, honour and prestige in Indian history.Rajputs rose to prominence during 9th to 12th centuries. Answer:- 4 Rashtrakuta Dynasty built the Kailash temple at Ellora. B.Choose the right answer:- 1.Gopal 2.none of these 3.big landlords or warrior chiefs. 4.Prithviraj Raso C.Fill in the blanks:- 1.Kannauj 2.prithviraja-iii 3. Prithviraj- raso 4. Vishnu , Adivaraha D.Distinguish between: 1.The Rashtrakutas and the Palas The Rashtrakutas- Rashtrakutas were initially subordinate to the Chalukyas of Karnataka. In 753 AD Dantidurga a Rashtrakuta Chief declared independence from his Chalukya overlord. They performed a ritual, called 'Hiranya-garbha' (the golden womb) with the help of Brahmanas to become a Kshatriya king. In this way, Dantivarman, also known as Dantidurga became the founder of this dynasty. His capital was at Manyakheta or Malkhed, near modern Sholapur in Maharashtra. The Palas- The Pala dynasty was founded by Gopala. He was an elected king chosen by the nobles because the previous ruler had died issuless. His capital was at Pataliputra.Dharampala and 'Devapala' were the famous rulers of this dynasty. They ruled around the3 regions of Bihar, Bengal and parts of Orissa and ASsam with many ups and downs for over four centuries. In the middle of the 12th century Vijayasena defeated the Palas. 2.Mahmud of Ghazni and Muhammad Ghori. Mahmud of Ghazni- Mahmud of Ghazni had started his invasions in India during the period when the Rajput power had declined.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter: Iii Origin, History and Introduction of the Rajputs (Kshatriyas)
    CHAPTER: III ORIGIN, HISTORY AND INTRODUCTION OF THE RAJPUTS (KSHATRIYAS) Sr.No. Details Page No. 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Origin and History of the Rajputs (Kshatriyas) 3.3 The Origin and History of Karadiya Rajputs 3.4 Peculiarities of Karadiya Rajputs 3.5 Folk life of Karadiya Rajputs 3.6 Conclusion References 210 CHAPTER: III ORIGIN, HISTORY AND INTRODUCTION OF THE RAJPUTS (KSHATRIYAS) Sr.No. Details PageNo. 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Origin and History of the Rajputs (Kshatriyas) 3.2.1 Preface 3.2.2 The Aryan Culture 3.2.3 The Rise of Rajputs (Kshatriyas) 3.2.4 Varna system and Rajputs 3.2.5 A historical view 3.2.6 The Rajput period 3.2.7 Meaning of the term ‘Rajput’ 3.2.8 The origin of the alternative terms of ‘Kshatriya’ 3.2.8.1 Rajput 3.2.8.2 Thakur 3.2.8.3 Darbar 3.2.8.4 Garasiya 3.2.9 Different Rajput family lines in Gujarat 3.2.10 Rajput Ruling family lines 3.2.11 Mythological origins 3.2.12 The Chandravanshi (born from the Moon) and the Suryavanshi (born from the Sun) 3.2.13 Family lines born of fire 3.2.14 Famous Rajput family lines 3.2.15 Famous royal family lines 3.2.16 Rajput states in the British Rule 3.2.17 The family line from Narayan (Lord Vishnu) to Ramchandra as mentioned in the Purana 3.2.18 The family lines from Shri Ramchandra to Supit and Kanaksen 211 3.2.19 Table showing a list of Rajput family lines 3.2.20 36 royal families and the Rajput family trees 3.2.20.1 Names of 36 royal family trees 3.2.20.2 36 Royal family lines 3.2.20.3 36 Rajput family lines 3.2.20.4 36 Branches of the Rajputs as described by Poet Chand 3.2.20.5
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Component-I (A) – Personal Details
    Component-I (A) – Personal details: 1 Component-I (B) – Description of module Subject Name Indian Culture Paper Name Outlines of Indian History Module Name/Title Major dynasties of north India( 647-1200 ce) Module Id I C/ OIH/ 18 Pre-requisites Knowledge in the political history of early medieval India Objectives To know the history of north india from the death of Harshavardhana upto the establishment of Delhi sultanate- Rajput kingdoms Keywords Rajputs/ Pratiharas/ Gahawars/Chandellas/ Chauhans/Paramaras/ Palas/Senas/ Kanauj E-text (Quadrant-I) 1. Introduction The political unity of Northern India achieved under Harsha was broken after his death. Thereafter, a number of lineages vied for control over Kanauj. Taking advantage of this political confusion, the Rajputs established their kingdoms on the ruins of Harsha’s empire. They became so prominent that the period (647-1192 CE) from the death of Harsha till the Muslim conquest of Northern India in the 12th century is called the Rajput period of Indian history. Even after that many Rajput states continued to survive for a long time. In the period of Muslim aggression, the Rajputs were the main defenders of Hindu religion and Culture. This is very important period in the history of North India, for it witnessed substantial changes in the political, social, economic and religious sectors. We may divide this age, for the sake of convenience into two phases. The first phase starts from 8th century and terminates at 10th century whereas the second phase starts from the 11th century up to the beginning of 13th century CE. The first phase is dominated by the “Age of the three kingdoms”, i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • J825js4q5pzdkp7v9hmygd2f801.Pdf
    INDEX S. NO. CHAPTER PAGE NO. 1. ANCIENT INDIA - 1 a. STONE AGE b. I. V. C c. PRE MAURYA d. MAURYAS e. POST MAURYAN PERIOD f. GUPTA AGE g. GUPTA AGE h. CHRONOLOGY OF INDIAN HISTORY 2. MEDIVAL INDIA - 62 a. EARLY MEDIEVAL INDIA MAJOR DYNASTIES b. DELHI SULTANATE c. VIJAYANAGAR AND BANMAHI d. BHAKTI MOVEMENT e. SUFI MOVEMENT f. THE MUGHALS g. MARATHAS 3. MODERN INDIA - 191 a. FAIR CHRONOLOGY b. FAIR 1857 c. FAIR FOUNDATION OF I.N.C. d. FAIR MODERATE e. FAIR EXTREMISTS f. FAIR PARTITION BENGAL g. FAIR SURAT SPLIT h. FAIR HOME RULE LEAGUES i. FAIR KHILAFAT j. FAIR N.C.M k. FAIR SIMON COMMISSION l. FAIR NEHRU REPORT m. FAIR JINNAH 14 POINT n. FAIR C.D.M o. FAIR R.T.C. p. FAIR AUGUST OFFER q. FAIR CRIPPS MISSION r. FAIR Q.I.M. s. FAIR I.N.A. t. FAIR RIN REVOLT u. FAIR CABINET MISSION v. MOUNTBATTEN PLAN w. FAIR GOVERNOR GENERALS La Excellence IAS Ancient India THE STONE AGE The age when the prehistoric man began to use stones for utilitarian purpose is termed as the Stone Age. The Stone Age is divided into three broad divisions-Paleolithic Age or the Old Stone Age (from unknown till 8000 BC), Mesolithic Age or the Middle Stone Age (8000 BC-4000 BC) and the Neolithic Age or the New Stone Age (4000 BC-2500 BC). The famous Bhimbetka caves near Bhopal belong to the Stone Age and are famous for their cave paintings. The art of the prehistoric man can be seen in all its glory with the depiction of wild animals, hunting scenes, ritual scenes and scenes from day-to-day life of the period.
    [Show full text]
  • S.No . AREA of META DATA to BE FILLED by the CONTENT
    S.No AREA OF TO BE FILLED BY THE . META DATA CONTENT GENERATOR 1 THEME THE RAJPUT HERO PRITHVIRAJ CHAUHAN 2 SUBJECT HISTORY 3 CHAPTER NEW KINGS AND KINGDOMS 4 CLASS/LEVEL Seventh 5 OBJECTIVES TO INTRODUCE STUDENTS TO THE LIFE OF RAJPUT WARRIOR PRITHVIRAJ CHAUHAN 6 DESCRIPTION Prithviraj Chauhan was the Hindu king of Chauhan dynasty in 12th century. He is famous in Indian history for his bravery and courage. He was born in 1168 at Ajmer. His father was Someshwar Chauhan, the king of Ajmer and mother was Kamala Devi. Prithviraj Chauhan was a Rajput king who ruled the kingdoms of Ajmer and Delhi in northern India . He was one of the last independent Hindu kings to sit upon the throne of Delhi. He was very brave and intelligent child blessed with sharp military skills. Even as a young boy he could accurately hit targets only on the basis of sounds. After the death of his father in a battle in 1179, Prithviraj succeeded the throne. His initial campaigns were against the smaller states of Rajasthan which he easily conquered. Then he launched an expedition against the Chandelas of Khajuraho and Mahoba. In 1191, Shahbuddin Muhammad Ghori captured the fortress of Bhatinda in East Punjab, which bows located in the domain of Prithviraj Chauhan. Prithviraj defeated Ghori in first battle of Tarain. Prithviraj seema to have treated the fight with Ghori as a merely a frontier fight. The Prithviraj Raso accuses Prithviraj of neglecting the affairs of the affairs of the state and of spending his time in merry making during this period.
    [Show full text]
  • Not Even Past NOT EVEN PAST
    The past is never dead. It's not even past NOT EVEN PAST Search the site ... The Last Hindu Emperor Like 9 Tweet by Cynthia Talbot Why are some medieval kings still widely remembered today, when so many others have been forgotten? The monuments they commissioned sometimes keep their memories alive, but the kings of the distant past who loom largest in popular memory typically either ushered in a new age – like Charlemagne, the king of the Franks, crowned Holy Roman Emperor by the pope in 800 AD – or else they represent the end of an era – like King Arthur, a British leader who may have fought the Saxon invaders around 500 AD. Like Charlemagne and King Arthur, the twelfth-century Indian ruler Prithviraj Chauhan stood on the cusp of two periods in a time of great change. He has often been described as “the last Hindu emperor” because Muslim dynasties of Central Asian or Afghan origin became dominant after Prithviraj Chauhan’s death. Privacy - Terms Prithviraj Chauhan is mentioned in history textbooks today mainly because he lost a major battle in 1192 against Shihab al-Din Muhammad Ghuri, based in Afghanistan. This defeat soon led to Muslim rule in much of North India under the Delhi Sultanate (1206- 1526) and the Mughal empire (1526- ca. 1750). Prithviraj Chauhan’s defeat had serious consequences: an inux of Central Asian and Afghan warriors, the adoption of Persian language and culture, and the spread of Islam. But his defeat in one battle does not seem important enough to justify the dozens of narratives about him that have been composed since his death.
    [Show full text]
  • A STUDY on MAJOR RAJPUT KINGS in the ANCIENT TIME *Devajit Missong Introduction
    GLOBUS Journal of Progressive Education A Refereed Research Journal Vol 5 / No 1 / Jan -Jun 2015 ISSN: 2231-1335 A STUDY ON MAJOR RAJPUT KINGS IN THE ANCIENT TIME *Devajit Missong Introduction Rajput is a highly dominant and renowned royal According to the Hindu Mythology, the Rajputs of warrior caste of Indian Subcontinent (India, Rajasthan were the descendants of the Kshatriyas Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal). They have been or warriors of Vedic India. The emergence of the referred to as the most Valiant Warriors of Indian Rajput warrior clans was in the 6th and 7th Subcontinent. Their warlike nature and dominant centuries. Rajputs ancestry can be divided into two: rule of their kingdoms against other tribes earned the "solar" or suryavanshi-those descended from them a powerful reputation. Rajputs ruled more Rama, the hero of the epic Ramayana, and the than four hundred of the estimated six hundred "lunar" or chandravanshi, who claimed descent princely states at the time of India's independence. from Krishna, the hero of the epic Mahabharata. Out of them 121 were Salute states Rajputs ruled Later a third clan was added, the agnikula or fire- 81 of them at the time of independence of India. born, said to have emerged from the flames of a sacrificial fire on Mt Abu. Rajputs (Rajaputra) are a sub-group of hindu Kshatriya varna. They have a hindu Jati (an It has been accepted that the Rajputs were divided endogamous group within the Hindu social into thirty-six races and twenty-one kingdoms. The system). Rajputs are literally sons-of-kings.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief History of Early Medieval India (800 -1200 AD)
    A Brief History Of Early Medieval India (800 -1200 AD) This article covers the topic which seems to be the most confusing for the majority of students. This is also the reason that it is the most underrated area which makes it a very prospective area of questioning by the UPSC. This table below will give you a detailed idea of all you need to know to solve the prelims questions. Gurjar Pratihara Founder: Harishchandra 1st Ruler: Nagabhatta I ● He made Ujjain as his capital and with this he started with the development of the Pratihara community ● He defeated the Arab commander Junaid, who had attacked him Nagabhatta II ● He is referred to as the real founder of the kingdom ● He made Kannauj as his capital Mihirbhoj ● Title: Prabhas ● He was a follower of lord of Vishnu ● He used to issue coins with the title:Adi Varah Mahendrapal ● He had a famous poet in his court named Rajshekhar ● Rajshekhar’s books: 1. Karpur Manjari: A drama in Prakrit 2. Viddshalbhanjika: A drama in Sanskrit Last ruler of the kingdom was Yashpal Pal Dynasty Founder: Gopal ● He established the Nalanda Vihara Dharmpal ● He was a part of the tripartite struggle fought between the three parties: Gurjar, Pratihara and Pal. It was a fight to capture Kannauj ● He established the Vikramshila Vihar which was later turned into university ● He built the Somapur Vihara in Bihar which today stands as a UNESCO heritage site ● He is said to have donated 200 villages to develop the Nalanda University Mahipal II ● The Kaivarta community revolted during his reign Rampal ● He had a famous court poet named Sandhyakar Nandi who wrote Ramcharit Sen Dynasty Founder: Samant Sen Hemant Sen ● He is regarded as the real founder of the Sen dynasty Vijay Sen ● Title: Ariraj Vrishabh Shankar Ballal Sen ● Title: Ariraj Ni Shankar ● He wrote Dan Sagar ● He started working on a book called Adbudh Shastra, but could not complete it.
    [Show full text]