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Medieval History
CONTENTS MEDIEVAL HISTORY 1. MAJOR DYNASTIES (EARLY ....... 01-22 2. EARLY MUSLIM INVASIONS ........23-26 MEDIEVAL INDIA 750-1200 AD) 2.1 Early Muslim Invasions ..................24 1.1 Major Dynasties of North ...............02 The Arab Conquest of Sindh ............... 24 India (750-1200 Ad) Mahmud of Ghazni ............................ 24 Introduction .......................................2 Muhammad Ghori ............................. 25 The Tripartite Struggle ........................2 th th The Pratiharas (8 to 10 Century) ........3 3. THE DELHI SULTANATE ................27-52 th th The Palas (8 to 11 Century) ...............4 (1206-1526 AD) The Rashtrakutas (9th to 10th Century) ....5 The Senas (11th to 12th Century) ............5 3.1 The Delhi Sultanate ......................28 The Rajaputa’s Origin ..........................6 Introduction ..................................... 28 Chandellas ........................................6 Slave/Mamluk Dynasty (Ilbari ............ 28 Chahamanas ......................................7 Turks)(1206-1526 AD) Gahadvalas ........................................8 The Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320 AD) ..... 32 Indian Feudalism ................................9 The Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414 AD) .. 34 Administration in Northern India ........ 09 The Sayyid Dynasty ........................... 38 between 8th to 12th Century Lodi Dynasty .................................... 38 Nature of Society .............................. 11 Challenges Faced by the Sultanate ...... 39 Rise -
Configurations of the Indic States System
Comparative Civilizations Review Volume 34 Number 34 Spring 1996 Article 6 4-1-1996 Configurations of the Indic States System David Wilkinson University of California, Los Angeles Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr Recommended Citation Wilkinson, David (1996) "Configurations of the Indic States System," Comparative Civilizations Review: Vol. 34 : No. 34 , Article 6. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr/vol34/iss34/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Comparative Civilizations Review by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Wilkinson: Configurations of the Indic States System 63 CONFIGURATIONS OF THE INDIC STATES SYSTEM David Wilkinson In his essay "De systematibus civitatum," Martin Wight sought to clari- fy Pufendorfs concept of states-systems, and in doing so "to formulate some of the questions or propositions which a comparative study of states-systems would examine." (1977:22) "States system" is variously defined, with variation especially as to the degrees of common purpose, unity of action, and mutually recognized legitima- cy thought to be properly entailed by that concept. As cited by Wight (1977:21-23), Heeren's concept is federal, Pufendorfs confederal, Wight's own one rather of mutuality of recognized legitimate independence. Montague Bernard's minimal definition—"a group of states having relations more or less permanent with one another"—begs no questions, and is adopted in this article. Wight's essay poses a rich menu of questions for the comparative study of states systems. -
UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Texts, Tombs and Memory: The Migration, Settlement and Formation of a Learned Muslim Community in Fifteenth-Century Gujarat Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89q3t1s0 Author Balachandran, Jyoti Gulati Publication Date 2012 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Texts, Tombs and Memory: The Migration, Settlement, and Formation of a Learned Muslim Community in Fifteenth-Century Gujarat A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History by Jyoti Gulati Balachandran 2012 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Texts, Tombs and Memory: The Migration, Settlement, and Formation of a Learned Muslim Community in Fifteenth-Century Gujarat by Jyoti Gulati Balachandran Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Los Angeles, 2012 Professor Sanjay Subrahmanyam, Chair This dissertation examines the processes through which a regional community of learned Muslim men – religious scholars, teachers, spiritual masters and others involved in the transmission of religious knowledge – emerged in the central plains of eastern Gujarat in the fifteenth century, a period marked by the formation and expansion of the Gujarat sultanate (c. 1407-1572). Many members of this community shared a history of migration into Gujarat from the southern Arabian Peninsula, north Africa, Iran, Central Asia and the neighboring territories of the Indian subcontinent. I analyze two key aspects related to the making of a community of ii learned Muslim men in the fifteenth century - the production of a variety of texts in Persian and Arabic by learned Muslims and the construction of tomb shrines sponsored by the sultans of Gujarat. -
BHIC-105 English.Pmd
BHIC-105 HISTORY OF INDIA-III (750 - 1206 CE) School of Social Sciences Indira Gandhi National Open University EXPERT COMMITTEE Prof. Kapil Kumar (Convenor) Prof. Makhan Lal Chairperson Director Faculty of History Delhi Institute of Heritage, School of Social Sciences Research and Management IGNOU, New Delhi New Delhi Prof. P. K. Basant Dr. Sangeeta Pandey Faculty of Humanities and Languages Faculty of History Jamia Milia Islamia School of Social Sciences New Delhi IGNOU, New Delhi Prof. D. Gopal Director, SOSS, IGNOU, New Delhi Course Coordinator : Prof. Nandini Sinha Kapur COURSE TEAM Prof. Nandini Sinha Kapur Dr. Suchi Dayal Dr. Abhishek Anand COURSE PREPARATION TEAM Unit no. Course Writer Dr. Khushboo Kumari Academic Counsellor Dr. Suchi Dayal 1 Non Collegiate Women’s Education Board Academic Consultant, Faculty of History School (Bharati College), University of Delhi of Social Sciences, IGNOU, New Delhi Dr. Avantika Sharma Dr. Ashok Shettar 8 2* Department of History, I.P. College for Karnataka University, Dharwad Women, Delhi University, Delhi Dr. Pintu Kumar 3** Dr. Richa Singh Assistant Professor 9 Ph.D from Centre for Historical Studies Motilal Nehru College (Evening) Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi Delhi University Professor Champaklakshmi Dr. Naina Dasgupta 10****** Retired from Center for Historical Studies National Open School, Kailash Colony Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi New Delhi and Dr. Sangeeta Pandey Dr. V. K. Jain Faculty of History Department of History School of Social Sciences IGNOU, New Delhi University of Delhi, Delhi 4*** Prof. Y. Subbarayalu, Head Prof. Harbans Mukhia Indology Department, Retired from Centre for Historical Studies French Institute of Pondicherry, Puducherry Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi Dr. -
Gadre 1943.Pdf
- Sri Pratapasimha Maharaja Rajyabhisheka Grantha-maia MEMOIR No. II. IMPORTANT INSCRIPTIONS FROM THE BARODA STATE. * Vol. I. Price Rs. 5-7-0 A. S. GADRE INTRODUCTION I have ranch pleasure in writing a short introduction to Memoir No, II in 'Sri Pratapsinh Maharaja Rajyabhisheka Grantharnala Series', Mr, Gadre has edited 12 of the most important epigraphs relating to this part of India some of which are now placed before the public for the first time. of its These throw much light on the history Western India and social and economic institutions, It is hoped that a volume containing the Persian inscriptions will be published shortly. ' ' Dilaram V. T, KRISHNAMACHARI, | Baroda, 5th July 1943. j Dewan. ii FOREWORD The importance of the parts of Gujarat and Kathiawad under the rule of His Highness the Gaekwad of Baroda has been recognised by antiquarians for a the of long time past. The antiquities of Dabhoi and architecture Northern the Archaeo- Gujarat have formed subjects of special monographs published by of India. The Government of Baroda did not however realise the logical Survey of until a necessity of establishing an Archaeological Department the State nearly decade ago. It is hoped that this Department, which has been conducting very useful work in all branches of archaeology, will continue to flourish under the the of enlightened rule of His Highness Maharaja Gaekwad Baroda. , There is limitless scope for the activities of the Archaeological Department in Baroda. The work of the first Gujarat Prehistoric Research Expedition in of the cold weather of 1941-42 has brought to light numerous remains stone age and man in the Vijapuf and Karhi tracts in the North and in Sankheda basin. -
Ramayana of * - Valmeeki RENDERED INTO ENGLISH with EXHAUSTIVE NOTES BY
THE Ramayana OF * - Valmeeki RENDERED INTO ENGLISH WITH EXHAUSTIVE NOTES BY (. ^ ^reenivasa jHv$oiu$ar, B. A., LECTURER S. P G. COLLEGE, TRICHINGj, Balakanda and N MADRAS: * M. K. PEES8, A. L. T. PRKS8 AND GUARDIAN PBE8S. > 1910. % i*t - , JJf Reserved Copyright ftpfiglwtd. 3 [ JB^/to PREFACE The Ramayana of Valmeeki is a most unique work. The Aryans are the oldest race on earth and the most * advanced and the is their first ; Ramayana and grandest epic. The Eddas of Scandinavia, the Niebelungen Lied of Germany, the Iliad of Homer, the Enead of Virgil, the Inferno, the Purgatorio, and the Paradiso of Dante, the Paradise Lost of Milton, the Lusiad of Camcens, the Shah Nama of Firdausi are and no more the Epics ; Ramayana of Valmeeki is an Epic and much more. If any work can clam} to be the Bible of the Hindus, it is the Ramayana of Valmeeki. Professor MacDonell, the latest writer on Samskritha Literature, says : " The Epic contains the following verse foretelling its everlasting fame * As long as moynfain ranges stand And rivers flow upon the earth, So long will this Ramayana Survive upon the lips of men. This prophecy has been perhaps even more abundantly fulfilled than the well-known prediction of Horace. No pro- duct of Sanskrit Literature has enjoyed a greater popularity in India down to the present day than the Ramayana. Its story furnishes the subject of many other Sanskrit poems as well as plays and still delights, from the lips* of reciters, the hearts of the myriads of the Indian people, as at the 11 PREFACE great annual Rama-festival held at Benares. -
6, Admihistaation the Following Pages Aspire to Present the Picture
6 , ADMIHISTaATION The following pages aspire to present the picture of government machinery and its working in this region during the period under study. The task Is rendered easier, and the onus Is lightened by the eminent authorities on the subject who have, so far, iwltten on the administration of the various dynasties with which the present study Is con cerned. naturally It Is deemed proper to refrain from deal ing In details of the administrative machinery functioning fro® the Vakitaka period to that of the Yadavas. In the following pages, therefore, the administrative asoects, the Information about which we could deduce from the eplgraohs found In this region, are only dealt with. Our principal sources of information, in this connection, are therefore, m the statements made In the epigraphs. The information gleaned from the epigraphs found outside our academic Jurisdiction has also been made use of tw>, present a fuller and better persoective. All the data have been occasionally compared to the rules laid dovmr by the contemoorary Smrtl• writers and statements in the records of other contemporary dynasties. Accounts of the Muslim traders have also been 55 Utilized, If the picture of the administrative machinery presented below is not comoletej it does not mean that the machinery was defective or imperfect. It would simply mean that our scope is limited and we could not get adequate information to make it a complete one. Moreover it should be noted that the dynasties under study were ruling over extensive empires and this region was one of the parts of those. -
Module 1A: Uttar Pradesh History
Module 1a: Uttar Pradesh History Uttar Pradesh State Information India.. The Gangetic Plain occupies three quarters of the state. The entire Capital : Lucknow state, except for the northern region, has a tropical monsoon climate. In the Districts :70 plains, January temperatures range from 12.5°C-17.5°C and May records Languages: Hindi, Urdu, English 27.5°-32.5°C, with a maximum of 45°C. Rainfall varies from 1,000-2,000 mm in Introduction to Uttar Pradesh the east to 600-1,000 mm in the west. Uttar Pradesh has multicultural, multiracial, fabulous wealth of nature- Brief History of Uttar Pradesh hills, valleys, rivers, forests, and vast plains. Viewed as the largest tourist The epics of Hinduism, the Ramayana destination in India, Uttar Pradesh and the Mahabharata, were written in boasts of 35 million domestic tourists. Uttar Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh also had More than half of the foreign tourists, the glory of being home to Lord Buddha. who visit India every year, make it a It has now been established that point to visit this state of Taj and Ganga. Gautama Buddha spent most of his life Agra itself receives around one million in eastern Uttar Pradesh, wandering foreign tourists a year coupled with from place to place preaching his around twenty million domestic tourists. sermons. The empire of Chandra Gupta Uttar Pradesh is studded with places of Maurya extended nearly over the whole tourist attractions across a wide of Uttar Pradesh. Edicts of this period spectrum of interest to people of diverse have been found at Allahabad and interests. -
Revised Study Guide
Spring 2021 Arts of Asia Lecture Series The Power of Images in Asian Art: Making the Invisible Visible Sponsored by the Society for Asian Art THE ENIGMA OF THE SCULPTURES AT KHAJURAHO Mary-Ann Milford-Lutzker, Carver Professor Emerita of East Asian Studies, Mills College January 22, 2021 Candella Dynasty: c. 830-1308 CE Harsha ca. 905-925 Yasovarman 925-950 Dhanga 950-999 Ganda 999-1003 Vidyadhara ca. 1004-1035 1019 and 1022: attacks by Mahmud of Ghazni Terms: alamkara: adornment, ornament, figure of speech apsara: heavenly female dancers mithuna: loving couples slesha: puns and double-entendres sura-sundaras, heavenly females vedibhanda: basement, foundation yantra: an abstract symbol for a field of energy Laksmana (Visnu) Temple, 954 CE inscription of Dhanga (double transcepts, Varaha Shrine, panchayatana design, 4 subsidiary shrines) Inscription dated 953-954 in the reign of Dhanga tells us that the temple was constructed by the Chandella King Yasovarman who died before 954, therefore, it was constructed between 930-950 and dedicated for worship in 953/4. Dedicated to the Vaikuntha form of Visnu, distinguished by 3 heads: lion, man and boar Vishvanath (Siva) Temple, late 10th C. Inscription by King Dhanga, 999 CE, refers to two lingas, an emerald and a stone one panchayatana design (main temple and 4 shrines) Kandariya Mahadeva (Siva) Temple, 1025-50 CE erected by Vidyadhara? Inscription refers to King Virimda, perhaps a name of King Vidhyadara Prabodhachandrodaya (Moonrise of Pure Knowledge) an allegorical play by Krishna Misra References: Dehejia, Vidya, The Body Adorned. New York: Columbia University Press, 2009. Desai, Devangana, Erotic Sculpture of India: A Socio-Cultural Study. -
Chapter On« the PR^,SFNT and ANCIF-NT BOUNUARIF.S OF
■n',- ‘ ♦ Chapter On« THE PR^,SFNT AND ANCIF-NT BOUNUARIF.S OF KADHYAPRADKSH The word ^^.adhyapr&desh Itself connotes that the region is in the midst of India. It is bounded by iJihar and Orissa on the east, Khandesh and a part of Central India on the west. Central India, on the north and the GodSvari and the PaingangS on the south. Originally the region was not called Madhyapradesh. It is a cluster of different states and was never ruled by one king. Kodern Madhyapradesh was shaped after the advent of the British regime. Today a considerable portion of the country, lying between the laardhff, T5pi and the PaingaAgS is called Vidarbha. ”The Madhyapradesh excluding the districts of Sagar and Jabalpur that is below the NarmadS was included in * Dakshinfipatha^. * Dakshii^Spatha* covered the coun> tries between the NariRadS and the K^fnS. This term was thus applied in the centuries preceding and infflediately following the Christian era." The Aitareya Brfifunaijia describes Bhima, the king of Vidarbha. The region is mentioned in the Jalminlya 3 4 Upanisad BrShmana. The Brhadlranvaka Upanlsad mentions. ^ Kane, P .V ., JASB XXIV, 621. 2 V II.34. 5 11.440. ^ Vedic Index. 11.297. a sage named Vldarbhl Kaundinya. This name is appa rently derived from the city of Kundina, the capital of Vidarbha. The Praanopanli^d ^ refers to a sage of Vidarbha named fihSrgava as a contemporary of A^valSyana. The Nasik cave inscription of VSsi^^hiputra Pulumfivi mentions Vidarbha. This is perhaps the earliest epi- graphical reference to Vidarbha. 6 The KahlbhSrata describes it, as an ancient and renowned kingdom in the Deccan with Kun^ina on the banks of the Varadfi as its capital. -
Scanned Using Book Scancenter 5022
12 NAGARi ALPHABET, SIGNS AND SYMBOLS OF PARAMARA INSCRIPTIONS Arvind K. Singh The Paramaras, started their political career the scribe and the engraver was performed by the in the ninth century C.E. as feudatories of the same person. The relevant epigraphic data provide 1 imperial Racmrak0[)'ls1monarch , succeeded in significant details concerning these professionals, 1 building a strong kingdom in the heart of the central and sometimes mention their predecessors as well , India in the tenth century and played a leading as native place, role, occupation and designation j role in the history of the country till fourteenth as applied to poets, scribes and engravers. It is century C.E. During the course of their political obvious from the examples of good epigraphic I' existence, the Paramaras ruled over various poetry that high talented poets were employed for territories, which includes Maiava proper as well composing the inscriptions. The poets were 1 the adjacent districts of Vidisha in the east, Ratlam honored by different ways, even by donating land. in the west, Indore and the parts of Hoshangabad AtrO stone inscription of the time of JayasiAha: in the south-east. In addition the imperial royal V.S. 1314 (C.E. 1258) records the donation by house of Maiava, there was other contemporary JayasiAhadeva of the village Mhaisada (Bhainra) royal houses of the Paramaras over Arbuda in the territorial division of PaAvimha in favor of a manda, Maru-mandala, Jalor, and Vaga. The kavicakravartin, mhakkura NarayaGa (no. 55). house that grew to power in the region around · Tilakwada copper-plate inscription of the time of Arbuda-maandala or Mount Abo, subsequently Bhojadeva: V.S. -
Socio- Political and Administrative History of Ancient India (Early Time to 8Th-12Th Century C.E)
DDCE/History (M.A)/SLM/Paper-XII Socio- Political and Administrative History of Ancient India (Early time to 8th-12th Century C.E) By Dr. Binod Bihari Satpathy 0 CONTENT SOCIO- POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE HISTORY OF ANCIENT INDIA (EARLY TIME TO 8th-12th CENTURIES C.E) Unit.No. Chapter Name Page No Unit-I. Political Condition. 1. The emergence of Rajput: Pratiharas, Art and Architecture. 02-14 2. The Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta: Their role in history, 15-27 Contribution to art and culture. 3. The Pala of Bengal- Polity, Economy and Social conditions. 28-47 Unit-II Other political dynasties of early medieval India. 1. The Somavamsis of Odisha. 48-64 2. Cholas Empire: Local Self Government, Art and Architecture. 65-82 3. Features of Indian Village System, Society, Economy, Art and 83-99 learning in South India. Unit-III. Indian Society in early Medieval Age. 1. Social stratification: Proliferation of castes, Status of women, 100-112 Matrilineal System, Aryanisation of hinterland region. 2. Religion-Bhakti Movements, Saivism, Vaishnavism, Tantricism, 113-128 Islam. 3. Development of Art and Architecture: Evolution of Temple Architecture- Major regional Schools, Sculpture, Bronzes and 129-145 Paintings. Unit-IV. Indian Economy in early medieval age. 1. General review of the economic life: Agrarian and Urban 146-161 Economy. 2. Indian Feudalism: Characteristic, Nature and features. 162-180 Significance. 3. Trade and commerce- Maritime Activities, Spread of Indian 181-199 Culture abroad, Cultural Interaction. 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is pleasure to be able to complete this compilation work. containing various aspects of Ancient Indian History. This material is prepared with an objective to familiarize the students of M.A History, DDCE Utkal University on the various aspcets of India’s ancient past.