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Medieval History
CONTENTS MEDIEVAL HISTORY 1. MAJOR DYNASTIES (EARLY ....... 01-22 2. EARLY MUSLIM INVASIONS ........23-26 MEDIEVAL INDIA 750-1200 AD) 2.1 Early Muslim Invasions ..................24 1.1 Major Dynasties of North ...............02 The Arab Conquest of Sindh ............... 24 India (750-1200 Ad) Mahmud of Ghazni ............................ 24 Introduction .......................................2 Muhammad Ghori ............................. 25 The Tripartite Struggle ........................2 th th The Pratiharas (8 to 10 Century) ........3 3. THE DELHI SULTANATE ................27-52 th th The Palas (8 to 11 Century) ...............4 (1206-1526 AD) The Rashtrakutas (9th to 10th Century) ....5 The Senas (11th to 12th Century) ............5 3.1 The Delhi Sultanate ......................28 The Rajaputa’s Origin ..........................6 Introduction ..................................... 28 Chandellas ........................................6 Slave/Mamluk Dynasty (Ilbari ............ 28 Chahamanas ......................................7 Turks)(1206-1526 AD) Gahadvalas ........................................8 The Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320 AD) ..... 32 Indian Feudalism ................................9 The Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414 AD) .. 34 Administration in Northern India ........ 09 The Sayyid Dynasty ........................... 38 between 8th to 12th Century Lodi Dynasty .................................... 38 Nature of Society .............................. 11 Challenges Faced by the Sultanate ...... 39 Rise -
Configurations of the Indic States System
Comparative Civilizations Review Volume 34 Number 34 Spring 1996 Article 6 4-1-1996 Configurations of the Indic States System David Wilkinson University of California, Los Angeles Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr Recommended Citation Wilkinson, David (1996) "Configurations of the Indic States System," Comparative Civilizations Review: Vol. 34 : No. 34 , Article 6. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr/vol34/iss34/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Comparative Civilizations Review by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Wilkinson: Configurations of the Indic States System 63 CONFIGURATIONS OF THE INDIC STATES SYSTEM David Wilkinson In his essay "De systematibus civitatum," Martin Wight sought to clari- fy Pufendorfs concept of states-systems, and in doing so "to formulate some of the questions or propositions which a comparative study of states-systems would examine." (1977:22) "States system" is variously defined, with variation especially as to the degrees of common purpose, unity of action, and mutually recognized legitima- cy thought to be properly entailed by that concept. As cited by Wight (1977:21-23), Heeren's concept is federal, Pufendorfs confederal, Wight's own one rather of mutuality of recognized legitimate independence. Montague Bernard's minimal definition—"a group of states having relations more or less permanent with one another"—begs no questions, and is adopted in this article. Wight's essay poses a rich menu of questions for the comparative study of states systems. -
Indo-Muslim Historiography During the Reign of Sultanate of Delhi: Its Genesis and Major Trends
Pakistan Perspectives Vol. 18, No.2, July-December 2013 Indo-Muslim Historiography during the reign of Sultanate of Delhi: Its genesis and major trends Humera Naz* Abstract This article aims to highlight impacts of Muslim rule on origin and development of Indian historiography. The period of the Sultanate of Delhi is significant for origin and introduction of some trends and traditions in Indian historiography for which we have find no records before this era. This essay is fundamentally based upon the literature review which offers an overview of the historical literature concerning different categories in history produced under the royal aegis. Besides the political history, some new aspects in terms of non-political historical literature are also considered on the basis of the mulfuzat, manaqib and insha literature. The paper explores the idea and concept regarding History was not considered as a recognized science (‘ilm) either secular or religious in medieval India with a specific object and methodology. In spite, as a subject, it was an elegant art and a noble discipline (fan-i sharif). The paper concludes by identifying the major prevailing historiographical trends during this era which were trend setter for the future historians. I anticipate that this endeavor would reveal some extent the true perception about the prevailing traditions and characteristics in Indo-Persian historiography. ––––––––– Introduction Unlike China, Greece and Rome, the literature of the ancient Indian history is not extant. Most of the modern scholars hold the view that before the dawn of the modern age, the people of India never had a developed sense for history writing of any value.1 Rather its accounts seem to be merged in a particular form of religious literature which may not be considered as much authentic. -
Mughal Warfare
1111 2 3 4 5111 Mughal Warfare 6 7 8 9 1011 1 2 3111 Mughal Warfare offers a much-needed new survey of the military history 4 of Mughal India during the age of imperial splendour from 1500 to 1700. 5 Jos Gommans looks at warfare as an integrated aspect of pre-colonial Indian 6 society. 7 Based on a vast range of primary sources from Europe and India, this 8 thorough study explores the wider geo-political, cultural and institutional 9 context of the Mughal military. Gommans also details practical and tech- 20111 nological aspects of combat, such as gunpowder technologies and the 1 animals used in battle. His comparative analysis throws new light on much- 2 contested theories of gunpowder empires and the spread of the military 3 revolution. 4 As the first original analysis of Mughal warfare for almost a century, this 5 will make essential reading for military specialists, students of military history 6 and general Asian history. 7 8 Jos Gommans teaches Indian history at the Kern Institute of Leiden 9 University in the Netherlands. His previous publications include The Rise 30111 of the Indo-Afghan Empire, 1710–1780 (1995) as well as numerous articles 1 on the medieval and early modern history of South Asia. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40111 1 2 3 44111 1111 Warfare and History 2 General Editor 3 Jeremy Black 4 Professor of History, University of Exeter 5 6 Air Power in the Age of Total War The Soviet Military Experience 7 John Buckley Roger R. -
Indian Archaeology 1957-58 a Review
INDIAN ARCHAEOLOGY 1957-58 -A REVIEW EDITED BY A. GHOSH Director General of Archaeology in India DEPARTMENT OF ARCHAEOLOGY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI 1958 shillings Price Rs. 7.50 12 COPYRIGHT DEPARTMENT OF ARCHAEOLOGY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA PRINTED AT THE CORONATION PRI NTING works, DELHI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS As in the four previous numbers of this annual Review^ this being the fifth one in the Series, ^11 the information and illustrations contained in the following pages have been received from different sotirces, viz. the officers of the Department of Archaeology of the Government of India and the heads of ^t]::ier institutions connected with the archaeological activities in the country, but for whose ready co- ^ Iteration it would have been impossible to give the Review any semblance of completeness. To all of my grateful thanks are due. I also acknowledge the valuable help I have received from my Colleagues in the Department in editing the Review and seeing it through the Press. In a co-operative endeavour of this nature, it is impossible for the editor or anybody else to ^ssiame full responsibility for the absolute accuracy of all the information and particularly for the inter- pretation of the archaeological material brought to light. Further, the possibility of editorial slips hav- crept in may not also be entirely ruled out, ihovgh it hrs teen our best endeavour to avoid them. ISfjEW Delhi : A. GHOSB 21st August 1958 Director General of Archaeology in India CONTENTS PAGE I. General ... ... I n. ... Explorations and excavations ... ... -s III. Epigraphy ... ... ... __ 54 IV. Numismatics and treasure- trove .. -
S.S Std10 Chap6
Shree H.J. Gajera Madhyamik ane Uchchatar Madhyamik Shala,Utran. Sub:Social Science Std:10 India is a nation which is well known for its wide range of Historical Monuments. The country is a beautiful amalgamation of diverse culture, religions, traditions and customs. People call India as ‘Sone Ki Chidiya’ as India is a land of beautiful ancient architecture which attracts people’s attention and makes them anxious to know more about them in detail. The Monuments of India are the result of long period of invasion. Historical Places of India represents the great achievement in art and architecture. These monuments were built by Indian Kings as a symbol of their glory in wars or to represent the beautiful cultural heritage of India. So, here in this article, we have gathered all the information regarding the Famous Monuments of India and the history behind the formation of these places. Let’s explore all these in detail and fill up your knowledge bucket. Famous Historical Monuments of India-Reflecting Indian Cultural Heritage! The royal past and the colonial rule in the different regions of the Country have left the country with a wide range of Ancient Monuments of India which are of great significance. The region-wise knowledge of these monuments will help you to explore the history of the nation with better understanding. So, let’s have a look at these monuments. North Indian Monuments / Historical Places in India The Northern part of India is rich in cultural heritage which attracts tourists through the beauty of its designed monuments. North Indian cities like Agra, Jaipur, Delhi (known as a golden trio of North India) offers a large tourist attraction. -
Mukhopadhyay, Aparajita (2013) Wheels of Change?: Impact of Railways on Colonial North Indian Society, 1855-1920. Phd Thesis. SO
Mukhopadhyay, Aparajita (2013) Wheels of change?: impact of railways on colonial north Indian society, 1855‐1920. PhD Thesis. SOAS, University of London http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/17363 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. Wheels of Change? Impact of railways on colonial north Indian society, 1855-1920. Aparajita Mukhopadhyay Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD in History 2013 Department of History School of Oriental and African Studies University of London 1 | P a g e Declaration for Ph.D. Thesis I have read and understood regulation 17.9 of the Regulations for students of the School of Oriental and African Studies concerning plagiarism. I undertake that all the material presented for examination is my own work and has not been written for me, in whole or in part by any other person. I also undertake that any quotation or paraphrase from the published or unpublished work of another person has been duly acknowledged in the work that I present for examination. -
Module 1A: Uttar Pradesh History
Module 1a: Uttar Pradesh History Uttar Pradesh State Information India.. The Gangetic Plain occupies three quarters of the state. The entire Capital : Lucknow state, except for the northern region, has a tropical monsoon climate. In the Districts :70 plains, January temperatures range from 12.5°C-17.5°C and May records Languages: Hindi, Urdu, English 27.5°-32.5°C, with a maximum of 45°C. Rainfall varies from 1,000-2,000 mm in Introduction to Uttar Pradesh the east to 600-1,000 mm in the west. Uttar Pradesh has multicultural, multiracial, fabulous wealth of nature- Brief History of Uttar Pradesh hills, valleys, rivers, forests, and vast plains. Viewed as the largest tourist The epics of Hinduism, the Ramayana destination in India, Uttar Pradesh and the Mahabharata, were written in boasts of 35 million domestic tourists. Uttar Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh also had More than half of the foreign tourists, the glory of being home to Lord Buddha. who visit India every year, make it a It has now been established that point to visit this state of Taj and Ganga. Gautama Buddha spent most of his life Agra itself receives around one million in eastern Uttar Pradesh, wandering foreign tourists a year coupled with from place to place preaching his around twenty million domestic tourists. sermons. The empire of Chandra Gupta Uttar Pradesh is studded with places of Maurya extended nearly over the whole tourist attractions across a wide of Uttar Pradesh. Edicts of this period spectrum of interest to people of diverse have been found at Allahabad and interests. -
Secondary Indian Culture and Heritage
Culture: An Introduction MODULE - I Understanding Culture Notes 1 CULTURE: AN INTRODUCTION he English word ‘Culture’ is derived from the Latin term ‘cult or cultus’ meaning tilling, or cultivating or refining and worship. In sum it means cultivating and refining Ta thing to such an extent that its end product evokes our admiration and respect. This is practically the same as ‘Sanskriti’ of the Sanskrit language. The term ‘Sanskriti’ has been derived from the root ‘Kri (to do) of Sanskrit language. Three words came from this root ‘Kri; prakriti’ (basic matter or condition), ‘Sanskriti’ (refined matter or condition) and ‘vikriti’ (modified or decayed matter or condition) when ‘prakriti’ or a raw material is refined it becomes ‘Sanskriti’ and when broken or damaged it becomes ‘vikriti’. OBJECTIVES After studying this lesson you will be able to: understand the concept and meaning of culture; establish the relationship between culture and civilization; Establish the link between culture and heritage; discuss the role and impact of culture in human life. 1.1 CONCEPT OF CULTURE Culture is a way of life. The food you eat, the clothes you wear, the language you speak in and the God you worship all are aspects of culture. In very simple terms, we can say that culture is the embodiment of the way in which we think and do things. It is also the things Indian Culture and Heritage Secondary Course 1 MODULE - I Culture: An Introduction Understanding Culture that we have inherited as members of society. All the achievements of human beings as members of social groups can be called culture. -
Copyright by Mohammad Raisur Rahman 2008
Copyright by Mohammad Raisur Rahman 2008 The Dissertation Committee for Mohammad Raisur Rahman certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Islam, Modernity, and Educated Muslims: A History of Qasbahs in Colonial India Committee: _____________________________________ Gail Minault, Supervisor _____________________________________ Cynthia M. Talbot _____________________________________ Denise A. Spellberg _____________________________________ Michael H. Fisher _____________________________________ Syed Akbar Hyder Islam, Modernity, and Educated Muslims: A History of Qasbahs in Colonial India by Mohammad Raisur Rahman, B.A. Honors; M.A.; M.Phil. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin August 2008 Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to the fond memories of my parents, Najma Bano and Azizur Rahman, and to Kulsum Acknowledgements Many people have assisted me in the completion of this project. This work could not have taken its current shape in the absence of their contributions. I thank them all. First and foremost, I owe my greatest debt of gratitude to my advisor Gail Minault for her guidance and assistance. I am grateful for her useful comments, sharp criticisms, and invaluable suggestions on the earlier drafts, and for her constant encouragement, support, and generous time throughout my doctoral work. I must add that it was her path breaking scholarship in South Asian Islam that inspired me to come to Austin, Texas all the way from New Delhi, India. While it brought me an opportunity to work under her supervision, I benefited myself further at the prospect of working with some of the finest scholars and excellent human beings I have ever known. -
Unknown Subscriber Failures - UPCTAX
Unknown Subscriber Failures - UPCTAX (On the basis of records available till Jan 12 2015 11:27AM) Page - 1 S.N Tin No Firm Name Address Office Name Mobile No E-mail o. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 09915111826 M/S JHURI PRASAD GHORAWAL SHIVDWAR Sonbhadra Sector-1, AC 7107415830 [email protected] ELECTRICALS AND BHERI SONEBHADRA CONSTRUCTION COMPANY 2 09250031115 M/S AGARWAL TRADERS 67 DEEN DAYAL PURAM Lucknow Sector-22 , CTO 7275180180 TAKROHI INDIRA NAGAR LUCKNOW 3 09337700071 M/S MONIKA PLASTIC 127/1003 Y KIDWAI Kanpur Sector-3, AC 7275388030 [email protected] INDUSTRIES NAGAR NAUBASTA KANPUR. 4 09120304758 M/S NAND MEDICAL AGENCY RAMNATH DEORIA, Deoria Sector -4, CTO 7275598102 [email protected] DEORIA 5 09782406927 M/S MAHABIR CLOTH STORS NAGEPUR SAKALDIHA Chandauli Sector-1, CTO 7275977479 BAZAR CHANDAULI 6 09812719045 M/S MIR AZAM ALI 677/524 Allahabad Sector-8, CTO 7309115615 BAHADURGANJ ALLAHABAD 7 09585506948 M/S SHIVAM SIDDHI VILL AND POST Mau Sector-2 , AC 7309175895 TRADERS BELAUJHA RATANPURA MAU 8 09885505909 M/S SHIV PRAKASH SINGH GOPALPUR RAKSHA Mau Sector-1, AC 7376210350 RAM RANIPUR MAU 9 09750020887 M/S UNIVERSAL BUILDERS & PLOT NO-29A Lucknow Sector-16, CTO 7376211019 ASSOCIATES KANCHANPUR MATIYARI LUCKNOW 10 09885109537 M/S AHMAD ENTERPRISES CHHAVN NIZAMABAD Azamgarh Sector-2, CTO 7376274922 AZAMGARH 11 09181913849 M/S VINDHYWASHNI C-20/15 E-71, Varanasi Sector-13, CTO 7376351133 [email protected] TRADERS KAMYANI NAGAR COLONY, PICHAS MOCHAN, VARANASI 12 09685506608 M/S ASHISH COLD DRINK VILL CHAKAUTH Mau Sector-3 , CTO 7376531910 SURAJPUR MAU 13 09309210430 M/S USHA TRADING MOH SINJAI NEAR Shahjahanpur Sector-4 , CTO 7376648625 COMPANY GANDHAK FACTORY SHAHJAHANPUR Print date -12/01/2015 Designed and Developed by : National Informatics Center, U.P. -
Religious Spots Within Forts and Fort Sites
Eurasian Journal of Humanities Vol. 1. Issue 1. (2015) ISSN: 2413-9947 Religious spots within forts and fort sites: a study in cultural history of Bundelkhand region in India Purushottam Singh Vikramajit Singh Sanatan Dharm College Kanpur India [email protected] Abstract Bundelkhand geographically situated in exactly the south of the Ganges plane is memorable due to the ancient references. Firstly, saints, devotees, hermits were attracted from Ganges plane towards the isolated, solitary pleasing zone of Vindhyatavi. (Singh, Rajendra, 1994, pp.1, 2) The history of Bundelkhand starts from the Chedi dynasty. (Singh, Rajendra, 1990, pp.80-85) The two famous cities of that time Shuktimati and Shahgeet are now a matter of research. After Chedis, Gupta rulers and Harsh Vardhan became the main rulers, but Chandelas were the first ruler who constructed with the capital of the region of Chedis. (Majumdar, 1951, p.252) The Bundelas and Marathas can also be regarded in this sense. There was no fort without religious spots. The religious spots in the forts of Bundelkhand were the center of belief not only for royal families but also become the center of faith and reverence of general people. Therefore these sites have gained unique and peerless fame. The religious sites within the forts played an important role in preserving and recharging the cultural heritage up to the centuries in Bundelkhand. These became the cause of cultural and religious harmony between the royal families and general people. These religious centers always released the message of prayer, peace and wish of prosperity from the royal family. Many times these temples and other spots provided the faithful with links between the royal families and general people which resulted to be the cause of welfare rule in the region.