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History of Medieval India Paper-I, Set-2.Indd Downloaded from KnowledgePhilic.com ® SINCE-1993 Study Material Civil Services Main Examination Optional Subject Paper-I HISTORY PAPER-I: SET-2 HISTORY OF MEDIEVAL INDIA Railway Exam Guide Visit Https://RRBrailway.com Downloaded from KnowledgePhilic.com Railway Exam Guide Visit Https://RRBrailway.com Downloaded from KnowledgePhilic.com PREFACE The importance of Optionals cannot be overstated in the preparation of UPSC. History is one of the most scoring Optional with signifi cant overlapping with GS syllabus. The syllabus is vast but can be managed by smart work. The present updated and revised module of History of Medieval India forms an important part of History Optional Paper I and is in accordance with this spirit and the latest trends of questions asked in UPSC Main Examination. The latest trend signals towards more analytical approach in asking questions by the UPSC where rote learning is of less importance and the acquaintance with the basic concepts seems to be of prime importance. This module aims to incorporate this pattern by focusing more on the core aspects of events related to Medieval Indian History. To increase the credibility and attractiveness of your answer, views of various historians and debates concerning a particular event of medieval history has also been added. The vastness of the syllabus and its monotonicity sometimes makes the reading of History boring. To overcome this challenge, the present module incorporates number of images, tables, maps along with point-wise description of many events so that the interest and enthusiasm of reader is maintained. To further the readability experience, the font has been changed to make it more pleasing to the eyes. The index has been thoroughly updated with sub-points to easily access individual topic. | 3 | Railway Exam Guide Visit Https://RRBrailway.com Downloaded from KnowledgePhilic.com SYLLABUS HISTORY PAPER - I HISTORY OF MEDIEVAL INDIA 1. Early Medieval India, 750-1200: Polity: Major political developments in northern India and the Peninsula, origin and the rise of Rajputs; The Cholas: administration, village economy and society; “Indian Feudalism”; Agrarian economy and urban settlements; Trade and commerce; Society: the status of the Brahman and the new social order; Condition of women; Indian science and technology. 2. Cultural Traditions in India, 750-1200: Philosophy: Shankaracharya and Vedanta, Ramanuja and Vishishtadvaita, Madhva and Brahma-Mimansa; Religion: Forms and features of religion, Tamil devotional cult, growth of Bhakti, Islam and its arrival in India, Sufi sm; Literature: Literature in Sanskrit, growth of Tamil literature, literature in the newly developing languages, Kalhan’s Rajtarangini, Alberuni’s India; Art and Architecture: Temple architecture, sculpture, painting. 3. The Thirteenth Century: Establishment of the Delhi Sultanate: The Ghurian invasions—factors behind Ghurian success; Economic, social and cultural consequences; Foundation of Delhi Sultanate and early Turkish Sultans; Consolidation: The rule of Iltutmish and Balban. 4. The Fourteenth Century: “The Khilji Revolution”; Alauddin Khilji: Conquests and territorial expansion, agrarian and economic measures; Muhammad Tughluq: Major projects, agrarian measures, bureaucracy of Muhammad Tughluq; Firuz Tughluq: Agrarian measures, achievements in civil engineering and public works, decline of the Sultanate, foreign contacts and Ibn Battuta’s account. 5. Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries: Society: composition of rural society, ruling classes, town dwellers, women, religious classes, caste and slavery under the Sultanate, Bhakti movement, Sufi movement; Culture: Persian literature, literature in the regional languages of north India, literature in the languages of north India, Sultanate architecture and new structural forms, painting, evolution of a composite culture; Economy: Agricultural production, rise of urban economy and non-agricultural production, trade and commerce. 6. The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Centuries—Political Developments and Economy: Rise of Provincial Dynasties: Bengal, Kashmir (Zainul Abedin), Gujarat, Malwa, Bahmanids; The Vijayanagra Empire; Lodis; Mughal Empire, First phase: Babur and Humayun; The Sur Empire: Sher Shah’s administration; Portuguese Colonial enterprise; Bhakti and Sufi Movements. 7. The Fifteenth and early Sixteenth Centuries—Society and Culture: Regional cultural specifi cities; Literary traditions; Provincial architecture; Society, culture, literature and the arts in Vijayanagara Empire. 8. Akbar: Conquests and consolidation of the Empire; Establishment of Jagir and Mansab systems; Rajput policy; Evolution of religious and social outlook, theory of Sulh-i-kul and religious policy; Court patronage of art and technology. 9. Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century: Major administrative policies of Jahangir, Shahjahan and Aurangzeb; The Empire and the Zamindars; Religious policies of Jahangir, Shahjahan and Aurangzeb; Nature of the Mughal State; Late Seventeenth century crisis and the revolts; The Ahom Kingdom; Shivaji and the early Maratha Kingdom. | 4 | Railway Exam Guide Visit Https://RRBrailway.com Downloaded from KnowledgePhilic.com 10. Economy and Society in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries: Population, agricultural production, craft production; Towns, commerce with Europe through Dutch, English and French companies: a trade revolution; Indian mercantile classes, banking, insurance and credit systems; Condition of peasants, condition of women; Evolution of the Sikh community and the Khalsa Panth. 11. Culture in the Mughal Empire: Persian histories and other literature; Hindi and other religious literature; Mughal architecture; Mughal painting; Provincial architecture and painting; Classical music; Science and technology. 12. The Eighteenth Century: Factors for the decline of the Mughal Empire; The regional principalities: Nizam’s Deccan, Bengal, Awadh; Maratha ascendancy under the Peshwas; The Maratha fi scal and fi nancial system; Emergence of Afghan Power, Battle of Panipat: 1761; State of politics, culture and economy on the eve of the British conquest. | 5 | Railway Exam Guide Visit Https://RRBrailway.com Downloaded from KnowledgePhilic.com Railway Exam Guide Visit Https://RRBrailway.com Downloaded from KnowledgePhilic.com CONTENTS CHAPTER-1 EARLY MEDIEVAL INDIA (750-1200) 11 G POLITY: MAJOR POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN NORTHERN INDIA AND THE PENINSULA G RISE OF THE RAJPUTS G FEUDALISM IN EARLY MEDIEVAL INDIA G THE ARAB CONQUEST G THE CHOLAS: ADMINISTRATION, VILLAGE ECONOMY AND SOCIETY G THE GHAZNAVID EMPIRE G INDIAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CHAPTER-2 CULTURAL TRADITIONS IN INDIA (750-1200) 48 G PHILOSOPHY G GROWTH OF BHAKTI G ISLAM AND ITS ARRIVAL IN INDIA G LITERATURE G ART AND ARCHITECTURE OF EARLY MEDIEVAL INDIA G SUFISM CHAPTER-3 THE 13TH CENTURY 72 G THE GHORIAN INVASIONS AND FACTORS BEHIND THE GHORIAN SUCCESS G CAUSES OF TURKISH SUCCESS AGAINST RAJPUTS G ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CONSEQUENCES G QUTUBUDDIN AIBAK G ILTUTMISH G BALBAN G IQTA SYSTEM CHAPTER-4 THE 14TH CENTURY 95 G THE KHILJI REVOLUTION G JALALUDDIN FIRUZ KHILJI (1290-1296) G ALAUDDIN KHILJI (1296-1316) G MONGOL INVASIONS G CONQUEST AND TERRITORIAL EXPANSION | 7 | Railway Exam Guide Visit Https://RRBrailway.com Downloaded from KnowledgePhilic.com G CONCEPTION OF KINGSHIP G LAND REVENUE G ECONOMIC REFORMS G MUHAMMAD TUGHLUG G POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS CONCEPTS OF THE SULTAN G MUHAMMAD BIN TUGHLUQ AND HIS MAJOR PROJECTS G CHARACTER AND ESTIMATE OF MUHAMMAD TUGHLUQ G FIRUZ TUGHLUG G DOMESTIC POLICY G IRRIGATION G PUBLIC WORKS G RELIGIOUS POLICY G FOREIGN POLICY G DECLINE OF THE DELHI SULTANATE G FOREIGN CONTACTS: IBN BATTUTA CHAPTER-5 SOCIETY, CULTURE AND ECONOMY IN THE 13TH AND 14TH CENTURIES 147 G SOCIETY G SUFI MOVEMENT G SOCIAL ROLE OF THE SUFIS, THEIR ATTITUDE TOWARDS STATE, ULEMA, CONVERSIONS, SOCIETY, ECONOMY, ETC. G LINGAYATS G BHAKTI MOVEMENT G LITERATURE G INDO-ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE G SULTANATE ARCHITECTURE OR TURKISH ARCHITECTURE G SULTANATE PAINTING G TRADE AND COMMERCE G CONDITION OF ARTISANS AND PEASANTRY G SYSTEM OF TAXATION G GROWTH OF URBAN CENTRES CHAPTER-6 THE 15TH AND EARLY 16TH CENTURIES (POLITICAL HISTORY) 178 G RISE OF PROVINCIAL DYNASTIES G THE LODIS (1451-1526 A.D.) G THE MUGHAL EMPIRE—FIRST PHASE, BABUR AND HUMAYUN G THE SUR EMPIRE—SHERSHAH’S ADMINISTRATION | 8 | Railway Exam Guide Visit Https://RRBrailway.com Downloaded from KnowledgePhilic.com G THE PORTUGUESE COLONIAL ENTERPRISES G BHAKTI AND SUFI MOVEMENT G NATURE OF BHAKTI MOVEMENT G IMPACT OF BHAKTI MOVEMENT G WEAKNESS G SUFISM IN ITS PANTHEISTIC PHASE CHAPTER-7 THE 15TH AND EARLY 16TH CENTURIES (SOCIETY, ECONOMY AND CULTURE) 217 G REGIONAL CULTURES AND LITERATURES G PROVINCIAL ARCHITECTURAL STYLES G SOCIETY, CULTURE, LITERATURE AND THE ARTS IN VIJAYNAGAR EMPIRE CHAPTER-8 AKBAR 226 G CONQUESTS AND CONSOLIDATION OF EMPIRE G NEW CONCEPT OF MONARCHY G ESTABLISHMENT OF JAGIRDARI AND MANSAB SYSTEMS G RAJPUT POLICY G EVOLUTION OF AKBAR’S RELIGIOUS AND SOCIAL OUTLOOK G THEORY OF SULH-I-KUL AND RELIGIOUS POLICY G COMPOSITE NOBILITY UNDER AKBAR G ABUL FAZL, THINKER AND HISTORIAN G COURT PATRONAGE OF ART AND TECHNOLOGY CHAPTER-9 MUGHAL EMPIRE IN 17TH CENTURY 243 G JAHANGIR’S ACCESSION—HIS EARLY DIFFICULTIES G THE REBELLIONS OF SHAH JAHAN AND THE COUP DE MAIN AT MAHABAT KHAN G STATE AND RELIGION IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 17TH CENTURY G SHAH JAHAN—CONSOLIDATION AND EXPANSION OF THE EMPIRE G SHAH JAHAN’S RELIGIOUS POLICY G AURANGZEB’S REIGN AND HIS RELIGIOUS
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