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Creativity Matters: the Arts and Aging Toolkit © 2007 by the National Guild of Community Schools of the Arts, 520 8Th Avenue, Suite 302, New York, NY 10018

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Creativity Matters: the Arts and Aging Toolkit © 2007 by the National Guild of Community Schools of the Arts, 520 8Th Avenue, Suite 302, New York, NY 10018 NATionaL GUILD OF CommUniTY SchooLS OF The ARTS CREATIVITY NATionaL CenTer For CreaTIVE Aging NEW Jersey PerForming ARTS CenTer MATTERS THE ARTS AND AGING JOHANNA MISEY BOYER TOOLKIT CREATIVITY MATTERS THE ARTS AND AGING TOOLKIT Creativity Matters: The Arts and Aging Toolkit © 2007 by the National Guild of Community Schools of the Arts, 520 8th Avenue, Suite 302, New York, NY 10018 All rights reserved. Published 2007 Printed in the United States of America Evaluation: Performance Results, Inc., Laytonsville, Maryland Editing: Ellen Hirzy, Washington, DC Design: fuszion, Alexandria, Virginia Photo Credits: Cover (top) and 14: PARADIGM, Solomons Company/Dance, Inc., New York, NY; cover (center): detail of work by Hang Fong Zhang, Center for Elders and Youth in the Arts, Institute on Aging, San Francisco, CA, Jeff Chapline, artistic director; cover (bottom) and 184: Concord Community Music School, Concord, NH, National Guild member since 1984; xxii, 32, 174, 178: Stagebridge Senior Theatre Company, Oakland, CA; 44: Amatullah Saleem (storyteller), Pearls of Wisdom program, Elders Share the Arts, Brooklyn, NY; 24: Alzheimer’s Association Orange County, Irvine, CA; 70: detail of work by Celia Sacks, Center for Elders and Youth in the Arts, Institute on Aging, San Francisco, CA, Jeff Chapline, artistic director; 122: The Golden Tones, Wayland, MA; 146: Irv Williams and Carla Vogel (musician and dancer), Kairos Dance Theatre, Minneapolis, MN; 164: Jesse Neuman-Peterson and Moses Williams (dancers), Kairos Dance Theatre, Minneapolis, MN. The author would like to acknowledge the support of Neil A. Boyer and the inspiration of the ladies on the garden level and her own well elder, Edward G. Misey. In memory of Rachel L. Misey. To order, contact: National Guild of Community Schools of the Arts Phone: 212–268–3337 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.nationalguild.org. CREATIVITY MATTERS | THE ARTS AND AGING TOOLKIT CREATIVITY MATTERS THE ARTS AND AGING TOOLKIT JOHANNA MISEY BOYER Sponsors The National Guild of Community Schools of the Arts, National Center for Creative Aging, and New Jersey Performing Arts Center would like to thank the following funders for their visionary support: v CREATIVITY MATTERS | THE ARTS AND AGING TOOLKIT The National Guild of Community Schools of the Arts, the National Center for Creative Aging, and the New Jersey Performing Arts Center value lifelong learning in the arts. We believe that individuals and communities reap profound benefits from participating in arts programs, especially when those programs are led by professional teaching artists. In recognition of these shared beliefs, we joined forces in 2006 to explore how best to serve our respective members and audiences, particularly the growing population of older adults. Thanks to the generous and enthusiastic support of our funders—MetLife Foundation, NAMM: The International Music Products Association, the Healthcare Foundation of New Jersey, and Roche—we are pleased to bring you Creativity Matters: The Arts and Aging Toolkit. Designed for both the arts and aging services fields, this resource offers detailed advice on, and examples for, designing, implementing, and evaluating professionally conducted com- munity arts programs for older adults. The toolkit also is online at www.artsandaging.org. We look forward to releasing a Spanish-language edition and Web site in 2008. As leaders of organizations that support the intersection of arts, education, and community, it is our hope that this toolkit will inspire readers to start or continue their work in the arts and aging field and to trumpet the importance of the arts to older adults’ mental and physical health. We should encourage and support the continued creativity of older adults who have much to contribute to the quality of life in our communities. Jonathan Herman Susan Perlsten Lawrence P. Goldman Executive Director Founder and Director President and CEO National Guild of of Education New Jersey Performing Community Schools National Center Arts Center of the Arts for Creative Aging v Contents Introducton xv Chapter 1 Understanding the Context for Arts and Aging Programs 1 Describing Normal Aging 3 The Language of Aging 4 Reality vs. Myth 4 Changes During Aging 4 Physical and Biological Changes 4 Social and Emotional Changes 6 The Demographics of Aging 7 Longevity 7 Diversity 7 Income 7 Education 8 Retirement 8 Productive Aging 8 Implications for Arts and Aging Programs 9 Big-Picture Challenges to Arts and Aging Programs 9 Fear of Aging 10 Isolation of Older Adults 11 Communicating Value 12 Change 12 Key Points about the Context for Arts and Aging Programs 13 v CREATIVITY MATTERS | THE ARTS AND AGING TOOLKIT Chapter 2 How Arts Participation Benefits Older Adults 15 Enhancing Community Quality of Life 16 Arts and Aging in Community Cultural Development 16 Enhancing Individual Quality of Life 20 How Cognitively Fit Older Adults Benefit 21 How Older Adults with Dementia Benefit 22 Key Points about the Benefits of Arts Participation to Older Adults 23 Chapter 3 The Aging Services Field 25 Understanding Key Issues 26 Increasing Costs 26 Emphasis on Home- and Community-Based Care 26 Consolidated Consumer Information 27 Reducing Residential Facility Staff Turnover and Increasing Morale 27 Addressing Family Caregiver Burnout 27 Implications for the Arts 28 Exploring Infrastructure 28 Federal 28 State 29 Local 29 Foundations 29 Making Connections 29 Key Points about the Aging Services Field 31 v Chapter 4 The Arts Field 33 Understanding Key Issues 34 Expanded Definition of Arts Education 34 Arts Participation 34 A Broader Definition of the Arts 34 Community Engagement 34 Demonstrated Impact 34 Scarce Resources 35 Professional Development for Teaching Artists 35 Special Issues for Creative Arts Therapies 35 Exploring Infrastructure 36 Federal 36 Regional 37 State 37 Local 37 Arts Education 38 Creative Arts Therapies 38 Foundations 38 Making Connections 39 Key Points about the Arts Field 41 Chapter 5 Effective Practices 45 Defining Effective Practices 46 Identifying Outcome Goals 47 Mastery 47 Social Engagement 48 Influencing Others 49 Understanding Adult Learning 50 v CREATIVITY MATTERS | THE ARTS AND AGING TOOLKIT Program Examples 52 The Golden Tones 52 New Horizons Music 54 Luella Hannan Memorial Foundation 57 Kairos Dance Theatre 59 Elders Share the Arts 62 Osher Lifelong Learning Institute, University of Southern Maine 64 Key Points about Effective Practices 68 Chapter 6 Program Design 71 Planning the Program 72 Conducting Internal and Eternal Assessment 73 Internal Assessment 73 Eternal Assessment 74 Creating an Advisory Committee 78 Establishing Purpose 80 Determining Mission, Vision, and Values 80 Setting Goals and Objectives 81 Designing Activities 82 Applying Andragogy and Instructional Design 83 Establishing Trust 85 Setting Challenges 88 Ensuring Success 89 Accommodating Diversity 89 Encouraging Participation 90 Setting Session Length and Frequency 90 Facilitating a Learning Community 91 Evaluation 92 Reminiscence 93 Community Sharing of Art 94 Key Points about Program Planning 95 Finding and Working with Partners 96 Understanding Partnerships 96 Planning Partnerships 97 Identifying and Securing Partners 100 Training Partners 102 Implementing the Partnership 103 Key Points about Partnerships 104 x Securing Resources 105 Exploring Revenue Sources 105 Creating a Budget 108 Developing a Plan 109 Making the Case 112 Understanding Challenges 113 Key Points about Resource Development 114 Marketing to Participants 115 Getting the Word Out 115 Motivating Participants 117 Using Your Assets 117 Creating Materials 118 Key Points about Marketing to Participants 119 Summary 120 Chapter 7 Program Implementation 123 Setting the Stage 124 Ensuring Physical and Programmatic Accessibility 124 Setting Group Expectations 126 Key Points about Setting the Stage 127 Keeping on Track 128 Assessing Progress and Process 128 Planning Community Sharing of the Art 129 Key Points about Keeping on Track 134 Supporting Teaching Artists 135 Assessing Qualifications 135 Making the Hire 137 Conducting Training 138 Providing Support 140 Train the Trainer Programs 141 Key Points about Supporting Teaching Artists 144 x CREATIVITY MATTERS | THE ARTS AND AGING TOOLKIT Chapter 8 Evaluation 147 Defining Terms 148 Understanding Benefits 149 Planning the Evaluation 150 Determining What You Want to Learn 150 Assessing Costs 153 Identifying Audiences 153 Creating Communication Tools 154 Seeking Help 155 Implementing the Evaluation 156 Evaluating People with Dementia 162 Key Points about Evaluation 163 Chapter 9 Public Awareness 165 Defining Terms 166 Identifying Audiences 167 Developing Messages 167 Selecting Messengers 169 Developing Methods 169 Key Points about Public Awareness 172 Chapter 10 Looking to the Future 175 x Notes 179 Glossary 185 Contact Informaton 195 Appendxes 201 1. Program Logic Model Example 202 2. Project Timeline Formula and Curriculum Planning Format 204 3. Fundraising Tools 205 4. Marketing Tools 216 5. Policies and Procedures Example 218 6. Teaching Artists Tools 220 7. Evaluation Tools 225 x CREATIVITY MATTERS | THE ARTS AND AGING TOOLKIT Acknowledgments Project Partners Kenneth Cole, Program Director, National Desiree Urquhart, Former Vice President Guild of Community Schools of the Arts, of Arts Education, New Jersey Performing New York, NY Arts Center, Newark, NJ Susan Perlstein, Founder and Director Donna Bost-White, Director of Arts of Education and Training, National Center Education, New Jersey
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