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Seccional Isla Gaviota ILUSTRE MUNICIPALIDAD DE LOS MUERMOS PLAN REGULADOR COMUNAL DE LOS MUERMOS REGIÓN DE LOS LAGOS ESTUDIO DE RIESGOS JULIO, 2013 Antonio Varas 498, Los Muermos PLAN REGULADOR COMUNAL DE LOS MUERMOS ÍNDICE DE CONTENIDOS 1. INTRODUCCIÓN ...................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Ubicación Área de Estudio ..................................................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Objetivos ................................................................................................................................................................. 6 1.3 Alcance y limitaciones ............................................................................................................................................ 8 1.4 Marco Jurídico ........................................................................................................................................................ 8 1.5 Aspectos Metodológicos ......................................................................................................................................... 9 1.5.1 Elaboración de Línea Base geológica y geomorfológica ....................................................................... 9 1.5.2 Visita técnica al área de estudio .......................................................................................................... 10 1.5.3 Inventario de Peligros Geológicos ....................................................................................................... 10 2. MARCO CONCEPTUAL ......................................................................................................................................... 13 2.1 Peligros Geológicos en Chile................................................................................................................................ 13 3. PELIGROS GEOLÓGICOS A SER ESTUDIADOS ................................................................................................ 15 3.1 Procesos Internos o Endógenos de la Tierra ....................................................................................................... 15 3.1.1 Sismicidad ........................................................................................................................................... 15 3.1.2 Volcanismo .......................................................................................................................................... 21 3.2 Procesos Exógenos o Externos de la Tierra ........................................................................................................ 24 3.2.1 Inundaciones Terrestres y Litorales .................................................................................................... 24 3.2.1.1 Inundación por Desborde de Cauces .................................................................................................. 24 3.2.1.2 Inundación por Acumulación de Aguas Lluvias en Zonas Llanas, o Anegamiento ............................. 25 3.2.2 Procesos de Remoción en Masa ......................................................................................................... 26 3.2.2.1 Desprendimientos o Caída de Rocas .................................................................................................. 26 3.2.2.2 Deslizamientos .................................................................................................................................... 28 3.2.2.3 Flujos de Detritos y Barro .................................................................................................................... 29 3.3 Resumen de Peligros Geológicos ........................................................................................................................ 31 4. LÍNEA DE BASE ..................................................................................................................................................... 33 4.1 Marco Hidrológico ................................................................................................................................................. 33 4.2 Marco Geodinámico.............................................................................................................................................. 34 4.3 Marco Geomorfológico ......................................................................................................................................... 35 4.4 Marco Geológico Comunal ................................................................................................................................... 43 4.4.1 Unidades de Roca ............................................................................................................................... 43 4.4.1.1 Unidades estratificadas ....................................................................................................................... 43 4.4.1.2 Depósitos No Consolidados Fluviales, Aluviales y Coluviales (Pleistoceno-Holoceno) ...................... 43 4.4.1.3 Depósitos No Consolidados Glaciares (Pleistoceno-Holoceno) .......................................................... 45 4.5 Marco Geológico Local ......................................................................................................................................... 45 4.5.1 Depósitos Fluviales Activos ................................................................................................................. 45 4.5.2 Depósitos Fluvioglaciares Antiguos ..................................................................................................... 45 4.5.2.1 Depósitos Glaciares 1 ......................................................................................................................... 46 4.5.2.2 Depósitos Glaciares 2 ......................................................................................................................... 46 4.5.2.3 Depósitos Glaciares 3 ......................................................................................................................... 46 4.6 Marco Hidrogeológico ........................................................................................................................................... 46 5. INVENTARIO PRELIMINAR DE PELIGROS GEOLÓGICOS ................................................................................. 49 5.1 Volcanismo ........................................................................................................................................................... 49 5.1.1 Volcán Puntiagudo .............................................................................................................................. 49 5.1.2 Cordón Los Cenizos ............................................................................................................................ 49 5.1.3 Volcán Osorno ..................................................................................................................................... 53 5.1.4 Volcán Calbuco ................................................................................................................................... 53 5.1.5 Volcán Hualaihué o Apagado .............................................................................................................. 53 5.1.6 Volcán Yate ......................................................................................................................................... 53 5.1.7 Volcán Hornopirén ............................................................................................................................... 53 5.1.8 Volcán Huequi ..................................................................................................................................... 54 5.1.9 Volcán Cayutué-La Viguería ................................................................................................................ 54 5.1.10 Diagnóstico General del Peligro Volcánico Inventariado ..................................................................... 55 Julio 2013 1 PLAN REGULADOR COMUNAL DE LOS MUERMOS 5.2 Sismicidad ............................................................................................................................................................ 55 5.2.1 Sismos registrados por la red sismológica mundial. ........................................................................... 60 5.2.2 Principales fuentes sísmicas reconocidas en el área de estudio. ....................................................... 62 5.2.2.1 Sismos Interplaca tipo Thrust .............................................................................................................. 62 5.2.2.2 Sismos Intraplaca de Profundidad Intermedia ..................................................................................... 62 5.2.2.3 Sismos Corticales ................................................................................................................................ 62 5.2.3 Estudios previos del Peligro Sísmico en el área de estudio ................................................................ 62 5.2.4 Respuesta sísmica en el emplazamiento ............................................................................................ 65 5.3 Inventario de inundaciones terrestres y litorales registradas en el área de estudio ............................................. 68 5.4
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