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Appendix 3 : Conserved proteins present in L. interrogans serovar Canicola L. interrogans serovar Canicola Accession Number Protein identification Protein Length (Amino Acids) Mean No. of peptides Mean % Coverage 5,10 methylene tetrahydrofolate 45655587 310 7.67 11.33 reductase 45655588 274 hypothetical protein LIC20005 4.33 20.00 45655592 547 porphobilinogen deaminase 4.33 7.67 delta-aminolevulinic acid 45655593 317 15.00 20.33 dehydratase glutamate-1-semialdehyde 45655594 443 24.00 24.33 aminotransferase 45655597 340 uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase 2.67 5.67 45655598 443 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase 5.00 12.33 45655605 200 azoreductase 5.33 18.00 45655609 251 short-chain dehydrogenase 2.33 14.33 45655611 422 NADH dehydrogenase 3.67 11.00 45655613 202 hypothetical protein LIC20030 2.33 15.67 45655615 140 hypothetical protein LIC20032 4.33 15.67 45655617 356 hypothetical protein LIC20034 2.33 8.33 45655618 440 hypothetical protein LIC20035 8.17 14.67 methanol dehydrogenase 45655620 357 7.83 19.17 regulator 45655627 607 heat shock protein 90 9.33 14.83 45655628 189 hypothetical protein LIC20045 2.33 8.33 45655641 670 methylmalonyl-CoA mutase 14.33 14.33 phosphoribosyl-ATP 45655645 92 10.67 13.00 pyrophosphatase 3-oxoacyl-(acyl-carrier protein) 45655647 254 4.00 17.00 reductase 45655648 77 acyl carrier protein 3.67 9.00 45655661 171 hypothetical protein LIC20078 5.00 26.00 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA 45655663 142 3.33 11.67 thioesterase S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine 45655666 436 13.00 19.67 hydrolase B12-dependent methionine 45655668 1247 42.67 21.67 synthase diphosphate--fructose-6- 45655671 431 3.33 7.33 phosphate 1-phosphotransferase bacterioferritin comigratory 45655676 163 5.00 23.67 protein 45655679 365 hypothetical protein LIC20096 6.33 13.33 45655680 270 short-chain dehydrogenase 2.67 13.67 45655683 283 hypothetical protein LIC20100 2.00 11.67 45655685 408 pheromone shutdown protein 5.67 15.67 45655691 132 anti-sigma factor antagonist 5.83 18.33 45655697 363 LipL45 homologue 4.00 9.67 capsular polysaccharide 45655720 629 3.83 7.33 biosynthesis protein 45655723 295 heat shock protein HtpX 4.33 13.67 adenine 45655724 177 13.33 21.00 phosphoribosyltransferase 45655725 504 HtrA1 4.67 8.50 45655726 527 HtrA1-like protein 4.33 10.67 45655728 525 hypothetical protein LIC20146 2.67 5.33 45655740 540 ATP-dependent protease 3.33 6.00 45655747 386 hypothetical protein LIC20165 5.83 11.83 45655749 356 hypothetical protein LIC20167 7.00 14.00 45655754 717 lipoprotein 2.67 3.33 45655757 150 dnaK suppressor 7.67 29.00 45655767 233 hypothetical protein LIC20185 10.33 33.00 45655772 485 hypothetical protein LIC20190 4.00 8.67 4-hydroxybutyrate CoA 45655775 429 3.00 8.67 transferase 45655776 172 hypothetical protein LIC20196 5.33 16.67 45655777 799 cysteine protease 25.67 22.33 UTP-glucose-1-phosphate 45655779 472 4.67 9.67 uridyltransferase 45655784 383 cysteine desulfurase 10.00 11.00 45655785 289 hypothetical protein LIC20205 4.33 13.33 methylmalonyl-COA mutase 45655788 626 12.33 18.33 small subunit 45655789 732 methylmalonyl-CoA mutase 23.00 20.33 45655794 843 hypothetical protein LIC20214 3.00 6.00 45655796 204 ExbB 3.33 14.17 45655803 143 hypothetical protein LIC20223 17.00 11.00 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] 45655805 232 5.67 17.33 reductase acireductone dioxygenase 45655807 177 9.33 36.00 enzyme ARD and ARD' phosphate ABC transporter 45655808 299 periplasmic phosphate-binding 2.33 9.67 protein S-adenosylmethionine 45655814 288 3.67 15.00 decarboxylase like protein 45655816 180 hypothetical protein LIC20240 4.67 19.33 45655817 389 alanine racemase 13.67 28.33 45655818 381 putative acyltransferase 6.33 14.33 45655819 303 hypothetical protein LIC20243 6.50 18.83 45655822 771 histidine kinase sensor protein 3.17 5.50 45655824 757 aconitate hydratase 19.00 16.00 peptidoglycan-associated 45655825 383 6.00 18.33 cytoplasmic membrane protein 45655829 243 response regulator 13.33 37.33 45655839 486 pyruvate kinase 6.67 16.00 aspartate-semialdehyde 45655841 349 7.50 17.00 dehydrogenase 45655847 357 hypothetical protein LIC20272 5.17 13.50 45655849 250 hypothetical protein LIC20274 3.50 16.17 45655850 281 hypothetical protein LIC20275 5.67 19.33 45655851 312 hypothetical protein LIC20276 2.67 4.00 chromosomal replication initiator 45655915 443 2.33 4.67 protein 45655916 373 DNA polymerase III beta subunit 16.00 24.33 45655919 639 DNA gyrase subunit B 15.33 17.67 45655920 834 DNA gyrase subunit A 14.00 14.00 45655923 245 putative lipoprotein 7.33 31.00 45655925 186 LipL21 3.00 11.00 45655931 301 hypothetical protein LIC10017 4.50 10.00 3-oxoacyl-acyl carrier protein 45655933 247 9.67 29.33 reductase 45655934 202 hypothetical protein LIC10020 3.67 19.00 45655936 120 arsenate reductase 3.00 23.00 45655941 234 hypothetical protein LIC10027 13.50 13.83 45655943 282 inositol monophosphatase 7.33 20.00 45655949 751 ribonuclease R 2.00 2.67 45655951 537 GMC oxidoreductase 4.00 9.00 45655952 502 hypothetical protein LIC10038 3.83 7.00 45655953 234 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase 2.33 10.00 45655959 312 dTDP-glucose 4-6-dehydratase 13.33 27.67 proton-translocating 45655960 389 transhydrogenase, subunit alpha 15.33 36.17 part 1 45655962 439 histidyl-tRNA synthetase 19.67 18.33 peptidoglycan-associated 45655964 687 2.83 2.50 cytoplasmic membrane protein 45655974 1061 hypothetical protein LIC10060 4.00 4.00 45655978 160 hypothetical protein LIC10064 4.33 9.00 deoxycytidine triphosphate 45655979 173 4.00 27.67 deaminase enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase 45655980 260 4.33 22.00 family protein 45655983 132 glyoxylase I 14.00 38.33 3-demethylubiquinone-9 3- 45655987 283 3.67 17.00 methyltransferase 45655988 281 diaminopimelate epimerase 11.67 26.00 45655997 415 RNA methyltransferase 2.00 5.33 45656005 685 long-chain-fatty-acid CoA ligase 9.33 14.67 45656006 118 hypothetical protein LIC10095 12.83 17.00 45656012 500 cystathionine gamma-synthase 10.33 19.00 45656016 340 hypothetical protein LIC10105 6.33 23.33 imidazoleglycerol-phosphate 45656022 206 2.33 8.67 dehydratase phosphoribosylformimino-5- 45656024 241 aminoimidazole carboxamide 4.67 23.33 ribotide isomerase protein 45656025 404 hypothetical protein LIC10115 5.17 15.00 45656027 616 hypothetical protein LIC10117 5.33 9.33 phoshomethylpyrimidine kinase 45656028 273 8.00 17.67 protein 45656032 433 hypothetical protein LIC10122 11.33 13.67 45656033 330 LipL45-like protein 4.00 10.33 45656034 551 hypothetical protein LIC10124 22.00 21.50 45656035 1197 hypothetical protein LIC10125 10.67 8.67 45656037 312 hypothetical protein LIC10127 4.33 9.33 45656042 699 sigma 54 activator 7.83 9.83 45656044 408 hypothetical protein LIC10134 3.50 9.17 45656045 132 SET domain-containing protein 9.00 26.33 HD-GYP hydrolase domain- 45656048 489 5.17 8.33 containing protein 45656050 380 chorismate synthase 6.00 18.00 NADH dehydrogenase I G 45656051 482 4.67 10.00 subunit 45656052 175 NADH dehydrogenase I I subunit 4.00 16.00 45656055 457 hypothetical protein LIC10145 4.00 6.33 45656063 627 hypothetical protein LIC10157 6.33 8.17 45656064 236 hypothetical protein LIC10158 7.17 17.17 45656066 437 malic enzyme 3.67 11.00 45656067 699 hypothetical protein LIC10161 3.50 4.67 45656068 464 fumarate hydratase 17.00 29.33 45656074 132 hypothetical protein LIC10168 2.67 18.67 45656081 495 hypothetical protein LIC10175 3.00 5.33 peptidoglycan associated 45656096 195 14.00 46.00 cytoplasmic membrane protein 45656103 271 inositol monophosphatase 3.33 11.00 cytochrome c oxidase 45656113 333 11.50 23.83 polypeptide II cytochrome c oxidase 45656114 534 3.67 3.67 polypeptide I 45656116 99 hypothetical protein LIC10211 3.00 24.67 45656119 197 CarD transcriptional regulator 3.67 18.33 45656120 343 hypothetical protein LIC10215 11.50 22.00 phosphoenolpyruvate 45656121 530 62.33 34.00 carboxykinase aspartyl/glutamyl-tRNA 45656126 486 8.33 15.33 amidotransferase subunit B 45656131 242 hypothetical protein LIC10226 8.67 23.67 45656132 609 hypothetical protein LIC10227 3.00 5.00 45656136 337 hypothetical protein LIC10231 2.83 10.33 lipoprotein releasing system 45656137 458 3.33 6.67 transmembrane protein 45656140 94 hypothetical protein LIC10235 3.00 13.00 45656142 405 cyclic nucleotide binding protein 6.17 16.17 45656146 231 hypothetical protein LIC10241 9.67 19.33 45656158 417 alcohol dehydrogenase 23.67 29.00 45656162 182 MutT/nudix family protein 2.67 13.67 45656172 221 cyclic nucleotide binding protein 5.17 13.50 45656173 351 cyclic nucleotide binding protein 4.00 12.33 45656174 416 chlorohydrolase family protein 2.67 9.33 45656176 706 elongation factor G 45.67 25.33 zinc-binding dehydrogenase 45656186 340 7.67 25.67 family protein 45656187 332 farnesyl-diphosphate synthase 3.33 8.67 H+-translocating 45656194 466 6.00 12.00 transhydrogenase subunit beta glycerophosphoryl diester 45656197 331 6.33 21.00 phosphodiesterase 45656206 349 hypothetical protein LIC10302 2.67 8.33 45656213 964 glycine dehydrogenase 11.00 10.00 45656218 557 hypothetical protein LIC10314 22.83 20.33 45656221 145 ribose 5-phosphate isomerase B 5.00 31.00 45656222 640 hypothetical protein LIC10318 3.50 4.67 45656225 696 hypothetical protein LIC10321 2.67 3.67 45656229 378 hemolysin 3.33 11.33 45656230 524 hypothetical protein LIC10326 3.67 8.00 45656241 369 hypothetical protein LIC10337 2.67 11.00 45656243 846 hemolysin B 17.50 18.17 45656253 160 hypothetical protein LIC10350 3.00 15.00 ABC transporter ATP-binding 45656254 304 2.67 9.33 protein 45656256 503 hypothetical protein LIC10353 3.00 4.33 45656260 322 tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 7.00 14.00 electron transfer flavoprotein
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    Figure S1. HAEC ROS Production and ML090 NOX5-Inhibition

    Figure S1. HAEC ROS production and ML090 NOX5-inhibition. (a) Extracellular H2O2 production in HAEC treated with ML090 at different concentrations and 24 h after being infected with GFP and NOX5-β adenoviruses (MOI 100). **p< 0.01, and ****p< 0.0001 vs control NOX5-β-infected cells (ML090, 0 nM). Results expressed as mean ± SEM. Fold increase vs GFP-infected cells with 0 nM of ML090. n= 6. (b) NOX5-β overexpression and DHE oxidation in HAEC. Representative images from three experiments are shown. Intracellular superoxide anion production of HAEC 24 h after infection with GFP and NOX5-β adenoviruses at different MOIs treated or not with ML090 (10 nM). MOI: Multiplicity of infection. Figure S2. Ontology analysis of HAEC infected with NOX5-β. Ontology analysis shows that the response to unfolded protein is the most relevant. Figure S3. UPR mRNA expression in heart of infarcted transgenic mice. n= 12-13. Results expressed as mean ± SEM. Table S1: Altered gene expression due to NOX5-β expression at 12 h (bold, highlighted in yellow). N12hvsG12h N18hvsG18h N24hvsG24h GeneName GeneDescription TranscriptID logFC p-value logFC p-value logFC p-value family with sequence similarity NM_052966 1.45 1.20E-17 2.44 3.27E-19 2.96 6.24E-21 FAM129A 129. member A DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog. NM_001130182 2.19 9.83E-20 2.94 2.90E-19 3.01 1.68E-19 DNAJA4 subfamily A. member 4 phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate- NM_021127 0.93 1.84E-12 2.41 1.32E-17 2.69 1.43E-18 PMAIP1 induced protein 1 E2F7 E2F transcription factor 7 NM_203394 0.71 8.35E-11 2.20 2.21E-17 2.48 1.84E-18 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog.
  • Granny Smith

    Granny Smith

    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Ethylene –dependent and –independent superfcial scald resistance mechanisms in ‘Granny Received: 19 March 2018 Accepted: 17 July 2018 Smith’ apple fruit Published: xx xx xxxx Evangelos Karagiannis1, Michail Michailidis1, Georgia Tanou1,2, Martina Samiotaki3, Katerina Karamanoli4, Evangelia Avramidou5, Ioannis Ganopoulos6, Panagiotis Madesis7 & Athanassios Molassiotis 1 Superfcial scald is a major physiological disorder of apple fruit (Malus domestica Borkh.) characterized by skin browning following cold storage; however, knowledge regarding the downstream processes that modulate scald phenomenon is unclear. To gain insight into the mechanisms underlying scald resistance, ‘Granny Smith’ apples after harvest were treated with diphenylamine (DPA) or 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), then cold stored (0 °C for 3 months) and subsequently were ripened at room temperature (20 °C for 8 days). Phenotypic and physiological data indicated that both chemical treatments induced scald resistance while 1-MCP inhibited the ethylene-dependent ripening. A combination of multi-omic analysis in apple skin tissue enabled characterization of potential genes, proteins and metabolites that were regulated by DPA and 1-MCP at pro-symptomatic and scald- symptomatic period. Specifcally, we characterized strata of scald resistance responses, among which we focus on selected pathways including dehydroabietic acid biosynthesis and UDP-D-glucose regulation. Through this approach, we revealed scald-associated transcriptional, proteomic and metabolic signatures and identifed pathways modulated by the common or distinct functions of DPA and 1-MCP. Also, evidence is presented supporting that cytosine methylation-based epigenetic regulation is involved in scald resistance. Results allow a greater comprehension of the ethylene– dependent and –independent metabolic events controlling scald resistance.