FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY
ANTARCTIC TREATY
EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION UNDER ARTICLES III (1) AND VII (5) FOR 2006 - 2007
Part 2 ANNUAL REPORT (01 October 2005 – 30 September 2006)
Federal Ministry for Foreign Affairs
Berlin
November 2006
2. ANNUAL REPORT (01 October 2005 – 30 September 2006)...... 3 2.1 Scientific Information...... 3 2.1.1 Forward Plans ...... 3 2.1.2 Science Activities in the previous year (01 October 2005 – 30 September 2006)...... 3 2.2 Operational Information ...... 26 2.2.1 National Expeditions...... 26 2.2.2 Non-governmental Expeditions………………………………………………………………………….. 50
2.3 Permit Information...... 57 2.3.1 Visits to Protected Areas ...... 57 2.3.2 Taking and harmful interference with flora and fauna...... 58 2.3.3 Introduction of non-native species ...... 58 2.4 Environmental Information ...... 58 2.4.1 Compliance with the Protocol...... 58 2.4.2 List of IEEs and CEEs ...... 58 2.4.3 Monitoring activities report ...... 59 2.4.4 Waste Management Plans ...... 59 2.5. Relevant National Legislation ...... 59 2.6 Other Information ...... 59 2.6.1 Inspection Reports ...... 59 2.6.2 Notice of Activities Undertaken in Case of Emergencies...... 59
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2. ANNUAL REPORT (01 October 2005 – 30 September 2006)
2.1 Scientific Information
2.1.1 Forward Plans
Germany as one of the consultative parties since 1981 maintains its long-term commitment of scientific research in Antarctica. The Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) as the national co- ordinator enables Germany to maintain this role from its research and long-term monitoring and survey activities. In addition to AWI, the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), the German Aerospace Centre (DLR) undertake long-term survey and remote sensing activities in Antarctica. The DFG Priority Program “Antarctic Research with comparative investigations in ice covered Arctic regions” supports Antarctic research projects of German universities. Scientific activities will also be coordinated with other national programs. Planning has progressed for German contributions to research activities and logical operations for the International Polar Year 2007/08. This includes a schedule for RV Polarstern expeditions dedicated towards IPY requirements of the German polar marine research communities in geophysics, geology, oceanography and biology. The German participation in the IPY will have a kick-off during a RV Polarstern expedition to the Prydz Bay region in early 2007. Glaciological, atmospherically and geophysical/geological research activities at Neumayer Station and during land expeditions, led by AWI as well as BGR, also have their focus on internationally cooperated IPY projects. AWI provides the main infrastructure for polar research, maintains the permanent German presence in Antarctica, and supports international objectives through collaborative scientific and logistic links with many other national programs. AWI will keep mobile and stationary infrastructures not only in top condition but also adapt to ever changing requirements posed by new scientific experiments and field observations. As an important contribution for long-term scientific activities will be the replacement of the present Neumayer Station by a new permanently occupied research station Neumayer Station III being built until 2008/2009 season. In parallel efforts will be continued to further develop logistic infrastructure in the frame of international collaboration. As a priority the international project Dronning Maud Land Air Network (DROMLAN) will be supported by AWI in order to maintain and further improve an intercontinental air-link from Cape Town to destinations in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica.
2.1.2 Science Activities in the previous year (01 October 2005 – 30 September 2006)
The Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) coordinated all German Antarctic activities. The following German institutions performed in the frame of their research programs Antarctic expeditions as well as operated stations or camps in Antarctica:
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) German Aerospace Centre (DLR) Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (BKG) Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) Further Antarctic activities were performed in co-operation with other national operators.
3 (a) Ship operations
Detailed reports on RV Polarstern expeditions leg ANT XXIII/2 – ANT XXIII/7 are available at: http://www.awi-bremerhaven.de/php/ResearchPlatform/Display.php?year=2005&name=polarstern&type=ship
RV Polarstern - leg ANT XXIII/2 (AWI): Weddell Sea
Scientific Leader: Volker Strass, [email protected]
Period: 19 November 2005 Cape Town 12. January 2006 Punta Arenas
Scientific activities report: During cruise ANT-XXIII/2 Polarstern served to support an extensive marine research programme as well as to supply the Neumayer base and scientific expeditions on the Antarctic continent with personnel and material. The major marine research programme of the cruise was devoted to the BMBF(German Ministry for Education and Research)-funded LAzarev Sea KRIll Study (LAKRIS), a German contribution to the Southern Ocean Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics (SO-GLOBEC) programme. This is an international, multidisciplinary effort to understand the physical and biological factors that influence the growth, reproduction, recruitment, and survival of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). As part of SO-GLOBEC, the LAzarev Sea KRIll Study (LAKRIS) aims to quantify seasonal population dynamics and physiological condition of krill in an interdisciplinary approach and in a region of the Antarctic that is poorly sampled and understood. The LAKRIS-project is divided in 5 subprojects with the following topics: - Seasonal and interannual variability in krill demography in the Lazarev Sea. - Horizontal and vertical distribution of krill and zooplankton. - Effects of water mass circulation and sea ice on the abundance of zooplankton. - Seasonal dynamics of physiological conditions of krill with emphasis on the larvae stages. - Seasonal krill lipid dynamics and energetic adaptations, with emphasis on juvenile and adult stages. The extensive study of krill was complemented by further projects, which focussed on other zooplankton genera such as pelagic tunicates (salps), chaetognaths (arrow worms) and pteropods to elucidate their grazing impact and effect on the flow of biogenic matter through the food chain and water column. A further study was dedicated to benthic suspension feeders, which contribute to the pelago-benthic coupling on the Antarctic shelf. Other research projects without regional focus on the Lazarev Sea were: - A marine mammal automated surveillance, aimed at establishing ship-based detection methods based on passive acoustics and infrared optics. - A study of the distribution of bathypelagic plankton, in particular Mysidacea and Polychaeta, aimed at contributing to the Census of the BioDiversity of the Abyssal Marine Life (CeDAMar). - A study of the adaptive competence and ecology of Antarctic bottom fish. - The deployment of an Italian geophysical/oceanographic seafloor observatory named MABEL.
Scientific equipment: See Permanent Information, topic 3.1.2 4 vessel-mounted: Thermosalinograph for the underway measurement of temperature and salinity. ADCP (acoustic Doppler current profiler) for the underway measurement of current profiles. SIMRAD EK 60 – plankton echosounder. towed: hydrophone streamer for the recording of whale sounds. CPR - Continuous Plankton Recorder. Agassiz-Trawl - bottom trawl for the collection of benthic animals. RMT- Rectangular Midwater Trawl. deployed at hydrographic stations: CTD - multi-variable sonde with water sampler carousel. Bongo Net (Plankton net). Multi Net (Plankton net). Oceanographic moorings for the recording of multi-months to year-long time series at three locations. Fish traps (1-day deployments at two locations). Helicopters were used in association with the supply of the Neumayer Base and for ice patrol.
RV Polarstern - leg ANT XXIII/3 (AWI): Drake Passage
Scientific Leader: Christine Provost, France, [email protected]
Period: 15 January 2006 Punta Arenas 08 February 2006 Punta Arenas
Scientific activities report: During cruise ANT-XXIII/3 Polarstern served to support an extensive marine research programme DRAKE as well as to supply the Jubany base (King George Island) and O Higgins base (Antarctic Peninsula) with personnel. The major research programme of the cruise was devoted to the CNES (Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales) and CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) funded DRAKE project, a French contribution to the international Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) Programme. This is an international effort to describe and understand the physical processes responsible for climate variability and predictability on time- scales from months to decades and the response of the climate to anthropogenic forcing. The Southern ocean region has been recognized as a key component of the climate system. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), the world largest current, is a key element of the global climate system. This 2000 km broad ring of cold water which encircles the antarctic continent is pushed eastward by the strong westerly wind belt. The ACC is constricted to its narrowest extent (700 km) in Drake Passage thus a convenient place for observations. Monitoring the ACC transport and water mass characteristics is essential for understanding the coupling of this major current with climate change. It is not an easy matter since the current is concentrated in highly variable narrow bands of swift currents and energetic eddies of all sizes are numerous.
5 Our experimental set up is designed to use the complementarity between satellite and in situ observations. Satellite altimetry measures the sea level of the ocean along tracks every 10 days with an horizontal resolution of 7 km. The in situ measurements will provide information on the vertical structure of the ocean, information that cannot be obtained by satellite. The two main tasks of the expedition are the deployment of a currentmeter mooring array along a ground track of Jason altimeter satellite and the realization of a refined array of hydrographic stations. The hydrographic stations provide profiles of horizontal velocity, temperature salinity, oxygen, nutrients, chlorophyll-a, alkalinity, total CO2, Helium/tritium and Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s) to properly examine the water masses (characteristics, origin, pathways, age, mixing, modifications since the WOCE A21 1990 cruise..) and compute partial pressure of CO2 and assess the source/sink of CO2 (relative role of physical and biological parameters). The Drake cruise is also an opportunity to test the ability of kinematic GPS to measure sea level and sea state over a distance of a few hundred km (order 800 km) with a few centimeters accuracy. The GPS receivers on board RV Polarstern are used for doing the sea level survey. A small surface buoy equipped with a GPS is used to calibrate precisely the Polarstern GPS with respect to the sea surface. The small buoy is deployed (attached to the ship) at each CTD station during the day. Geotrace people are measuring trace elements and isotopes. These trace elements have very low concentration in seawater and large amounts of water have to be processed in order to detect them. Therefore a few pumping stations and specific large volume CTD casts are carried out. We also have fish scientists on board who are studying thermal adaptation strategies. During the cruise they aim at collecting alive fish for the continuous work at AWI. Their fishing ground is King George Island. Four fish trap have to be deployed there and stay in place for at least 24h.
Scientific equipment: vessel-mounted: Thermosalinograph for the underway measurement of temperature and salinity. ADCP (acoustic Doppler current profiler) for the underway measurement of current profiles. deployed at hydrographic stations: CTD - multi-variable sonde with water sampler carousel and LADCP In situ pumps deployed at a few stations to filter large amounts of water. GPS buoy attached to the ship. Oceanographic moorings for the recording of multi-months to year-long time series at ten locations. Fish traps (1-day deployments at four locations).
See also Permanent Information, topic 3.1.2
RV Polarstern - Leg ANT XXIII/4 (AWI): Scotia Sea
Scientific Leader: Karsten Gohl, [email protected]
Period: 10 April 2006 Punta Arenas 11 April 2006 Punta Arenas
6
Scientific activities report:
The RV Polarstern expedition ANT-XXIII/4 had its main focus on geoscientific research with the goal to investigate the glacial-marine sedimentation processes and the tectonic-geodynamic evolution of the southern Amundsen Sea and Pine Island Bay for deciphering the glacial and deglacial development of West Antarctica. In addition, a program on marine microbial ecology, an oceanographic program and the transport of persons and freight from Rothera and Jubany Stations were conducted.
After leaving Punta Arenas and the Magellan Strait, Polarstern set course toward Rothera Station for personnel transfer. The ship headed to Peter I Island where a GPS station and a magnetometer were installed in order to record data for the duration of the following weeks. The GPS measurement is the first repeat measurement of a point on this island since it was established in 1998 as part of the West Antarctic GPS network. The magnetometer served as a base station to record temporal variations of the earth magnetic field for the helicopter-magnetic surveys of this expedition. In addition, a long-term automatic weather station was deployed on the Radiosletta plateau and volcanic rocks were dredged from the submarine slope of the island.
After a swath-bathymetric survey and sediment coring along the seamount chain north of Peter I Island, the ship headed toward the main research areas in the Amundsen Sea Embayment and Pine Island Bay. A wide sea-ice belt and strong northerly winds pressing onto the sea-ice prevented the first attempt to enter Pine Island Bay. Before moving westward along the sea-ice edge, a small bathymetric survey revealed strongly structured mega-scale glacial lineation, and a seismic profile was added to an existing line on the outer continental shelf. At about 115°W, an attempt was made for an entry through the sea-ice belt into the western Pine Island Bay, which succeeded. In this part of the Amundsen Sea Embayment, seismic reflection and refraction profiles were recorded in addition to extensive swath-bathymetric (Hydrosweep) and sub-bottom profiler (Parasound) surveys of the deep (down to 1600 m water depth) glacial troughs off the Eastern Getz and Dotson Ice-Shelves. On selected sites of troughs and plains of the inner shelf, a large number of sediment cores were taken with a gravity corer. Due to very favourable weather conditions, it was possible to fly out the volcanology team, the GPS team and the surface-exposure-dating team to Mt. Murphy. All teams succeeded in their rock sampling and instrument installation program.
In the meantime, a polynya had developed along the Thwaites Glacier ice-tongue, which allowed Polarstern to enter the inner Pine Island Bay. In this part of the bay, bathymetric and seismic surveying as well as sediment coring continued in order to obtain information on the deglaciation history of this part of West Antarctica, where the retreat of the Pine Island and Thwaites Glacier systems occurs rapidly. The Hudson Mountains of Ellsworth Land were the destination for a further rock sampling and GPS site installation program to investigate the volcanic province and to obtain parameters for tectonic and glacial rebound studies. Additional GPS sites on ice-shelves of Pine Island Bay provided data on tidal and ice-shelf motion. As part of the oceanographic program, CTD moorings were deployed near the ice-shelves and on the outer shelf. The instruments are planned to be recovered by an American expedition in the following year.
After leaving Pine Island Bay through the northern sea-ice belt, seismic reflection and refraction profiling continued on the continental rise off the shelf break before the ship moved into the area of the Marie Byrd Seamounts. Here, the dredging program succeeded with collecting freshly broken volcanic rocks from the slopes of several of these previously unsampled seamounts, providing material for determining their petrological-geochemical composition and their eruption age. 7 As part of the geophysical program, large parts of the southern Amundsen Sea and Pine Island Bay were surveyed with shipborne gravity and magnetic profiles as well as with a dense grid of helicopter-magnetic flight lines.
The marine biology group collected krill and microbial species from the water column on several sites along the entire ship track of this leg. Experiments were conducted on board in order to investigate the microbial food web and its effect on biodiversity in the Southern Ocean. A whale observation team recorded whale sightings and identifications along the cruise track.
On the return track from the Marie Byrd Seamount area, the GPS and magnetic instruments were recovered from Peter I Island. Jubany Station on King George Island was the next destination for person and freight transfer and for a collection of sediment cores in the bay before Polarstern headed back to Punta Arenas. The main scientific goals during this leg have been:
• Mapping, imaging and sampling of Late Quaternary sediments to reconstruct the deglaciation history of Pine Island Bay since the Last Glacial Maximum;
• Mapping and imaging of the older sedimentary sequences across the shelf, slope and the continental rise to derive a sedimentation model;
• Mapping of acoustic basement and its structure with seismic methods to obtain the tectonic geometries necessary to understand sediment depositional processes;
• Identification of the boundaries between suspected crustal blocks, in particular of those between the Thurston Island and Marie Byrd Land blocks;
• Heli-magnetic mapping and deep crustal seismic profiling of the continental margin of Marie Byrd Land as well as petrological sampling and geochemical analyses of volcanic rocks from seamounts and parts of exposed mainland provided data to develop models of the magmatic evolution;
Scientific equipment: On RV Polarstern: multibeam bathymetry (Hydrosweep), sediment-echography (Parasound), seismic reflection, seismic refraction, ocean-bottom seismographs, gravity meter, magnetometer, piston corer, gravity corer, grab sampler, dredge, CTD, oceanogr. mooring, div. plankton nets, water sampler On helicopter: magnetometer In the field: GPS recorders, geological sampling
See also Permanent Information, topic 3.1.2
RV Polarstern - Leg ANT XXIII/6 (AWI): Scotia Sea
Scientific Leader: Ulrich Bathmann, [email protected]
Period: Cape Town 17 June 2006 Cape Town 21 August 2006
8 Scientific activities report: On 17th June 2006 RV POLARSTERN will leave from Cape Town for the 6th leg of her 23rd Antarctic Expedition. During this cruise, that will end 21st August 2006 in Cape Town, RV POLARSTERN will support an extensive marine research programme during the austral winter. In order to access the working area in the Lazarev Sea as soon as possible, RV POLARSTERN will head almost straight towards its first scientific position at 52°S 3°E. On the way to the Antarctic only such scientific activities will start that need no extra ship time. The projects planned on the way south focus on observations of marine vertebrates and zooplankton. A Dutch team will visually observe penguins and seabirds from the upper bridge from out two wooden cabins. One observer sent by the International Whaling Commission (IWC) to participate in the cruise will contribute cetacean sightings and records of other wildlife such as seals. The IWC observer will also record a comprehensive suite of sea ice data. In addition to the visual observations of marine mammals, two different automated monitoring systems will be tested during transit. The one is a passive acoustic system consisting of towed hydrophone streamers that are custom-tailored to the detection of marine mammals. The other system is based on two infrared cameras, which are mounted at the crow’s nest and are operated with image processing software that will continuously monitor the regions next to the ship for infrared signatures of whale spouts even at night and poor visibility.
On the southward route from Cape Town another project scheduled and not requiring any ship time is the sampling of the near-surface zooplankton by use of the so-called Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR). The major marine research programme of this cruise is devoted to the BMBF-funded LAzarev Sea KRIll Study (LAKRIS), a German contribution to SO-GLOBEC. The ongoing cruise is the first winter cruise within the framework of this project. The Southern Ocean Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics (SO-GLOBEC) programme is an international, multidisciplinary effort to understand the physical and biological factors that influence the growth, reproduction, recruitment, and survival of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) with special emphasis on its overwintering mechanisms. As part of SO-GLOBEC, LAKRIS aims to quantify seasonal population dynamics and physiological condition of krill in an interdisciplinary approach and in a region of the Antarctic that is poorly sampled and understood, especially during winter. Much of our knowledge of Antarctic krill originates from a few regions, such as the much-studied Antarctic Peninsula. But it is becoming increasingly clear that the seasonal survival mechanisms of krill are variable, so neither the local environment, (e.g. those along the Antarctic Peninsula) nor the response of krill to it, can be extrapolated easily to a wider area. The LAKRIS project will complement the existing international research activities within SO-GLOBEC and CCAMLR (Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living resources) along the west Antarctic Peninsula, Scotia Sea and in the Southwest Indian Ocean Sector. Within the great current systems encircling Antarctica, there is a hotspot of krill density within a sector defined roughly by the Greenwich Meridian (i.e. the Lazarev Sea) and the west of the Antarctic Peninsula. Whether this hotspot itself contains one or several “stocks” of krill and whether these are connected with those in the rest of the Southern Ocean are currently topics of intense debate. Understanding krill survival at the seldom- studied eastern extremity of this hotspot may provide some clues in this puzzle. The Lazarev Sea has been suggested to be the gateway through which the krill population enters the Weddell Gyre. At the 0° meridian krill distribution ranges from approximately 50°S to the Antarctic continent at 70°S - the widest latitudinal range throughout their entire circumpolar distribution. North of 60°S, krill are under the
9 influence of the eastward-flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current. They are thus downstream of the extensive Scotia Sea populations and reflect spawning success there. But south of 60°S, within the westwards flowing counter currents of the Lazarev Sea, there is little information on krill spawning and larval occurrence. If, however, the Weddell Gyre is the source of high krill densities in the Scotia Sea, then the westward moving water masses of the Lazarev Sea should seed substantial amounts of krill larvae into the system to sustain the large population observed at the northern outflow of the Weddell Gyre. Field work for LAKRIS will be distributed over three cruises in different seasons, of which this is the second, apart of a pilot study already conducted during RV POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXI/4. The LAKRIS-project is divided in 5 subprojects with the following topics: SEASONAL AND INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY IN KRILL DEMOGRAPHY OF HIGH LATITUDE KRILL STOCKS IN THE LAZAREV SEA. A standardized RMT (Rectangular Midwater Trawl) net sampling programme will be carried out during the LAKRIS study to collect biological data on the krill population in the southern Lazarev Sea. The main focus will be the estimation of average spatial krill density and the determination of year-class strength in relation to key environmental variables. Reproductive success of the spawning stock will be studied as well as larval distribution and survival during the winter period. HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF KRILL AND ZOOPLANKTON. Diel vertical migration and geographical distribution of target organisms like krill (Euphausia superba, E. crystallorophias), copepods (Calanus propinquus, Rhincalanus gigas, Oithona spp.), other zooplankter (salps, medusae, pteropods, chaetognaths, amphipods) and fish (Myctophiden) will be detected by means of a four- split beam acoustic array (38, 72, 120, 200 kHz). Some major questions are: Do organisms migrate daily in relation to the light field, feeding conditions and/or to the predator field? Do populations of different species and/or different developmental stages of one species segregate in certain environmental conditions or different times of the year? Is the geographical distribution of species subject to change and if so, what are the possible causes? EFFECTS OF WATER MASS CIRCULATION AND SEA ICE ON THE ABUNDANCE OF ZOOPLANKTON. The project is aimed at identifying relationships between the physical environment and the abundance of zooplankton in the Lazarev Sea. Special emphasis will be put on the possible role of the Weddell Gyre circulation in closing the life cycle of krill. The data base for this study will be collected by moored instruments to reveal temporal variations, by shipboard observations to map spatial distributions, and will also encompass the analysis of historical ADCP (Acoustical Doppler Current Profiler) data from the region. SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITION OF KRILL WITH EMPHASIS ON THE LARVAE STAGES. The subproject will quantify various fitness indicators, which will permit the prediction of recruitment success and mortality rates of the following generation and how these factors will be influenced. The work on larval krill will focus on their mechanisms that have evolved to survive the nutrient poor winter conditions despite high larval metabolism. SEASONAL LIPID DYNAMICS AND ENERGETIC ADAPTATIONS OF EUPHAUSIA SUPERBA, WITH EMPHASIS ON JUVENILE AND ADULT STAGES. The subproject will focus on seasonal dynamics of lipid accumulation and utilization of juvenile and adult stages of krill. Energetic requirements with regard to overwintering strategies and reproductive effort will be quantified using experiments and field data.
10 A study about “Seabird food chains in the Antarctic sea-ice zone” will investigate the diatary requirements of the ex top predators especially by closely examining the under ice fauna. The role of krill as main food source for such furface feeding populations is challenged. Our extensive study of krill will be complemented by further projects, which focus on other zooplankton genera such as pelagic tunicates (salps) and jellyfish (medusae), and on fish and fish larvae. The central question addressed by these projects is the grazing impact exerted and the flow of biogenic matter through the food chain and water column accomplished by those groups of zooplankton. A photographer will accompany the cruise in order to assist in the information of the general public. Special emphasis will be given on the hard working conditions and the results obtained during the Antarctic winter
The main scientific goals during this leg have been:
• to understand the physical and biological factors that influence the growth, reproduction, recruitment, and survival of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) with special emphasis on its overwintering mechanisms.;
• to quantify seasonal population dynamics and physiological condition of krill
• to record the horizontal and vertical distribution of krill and zooplankton by means of acoustic systems and net tows.
• to visually observe whales, penguins and seabirds and to map their regional distribution
• to passively record marine mammals acoustically and visually (infra-red)
• to sample near-surface zooplankton by use of the so-called Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR)
• to examine the under ice biota
Scientific equipment:
On RV Polarstern: multibeam acoustics (SIMRAD), CTD, div. plankton nets, water sampler, under ice plankton net.
On helicopter: visual obs.
See also Permanent Information, topic 3.1.2
(b) Aircraft operations
Dornier aircraft Do228-101 (Polar 2) (AWI)
Period: 30 November 2005 – 19 February 2006
departure in Germany: 30/11/2005 arrival at Neumayer: 19/12/2005 begin of logistic flights: 21/12/2005 begin of aero-geophysical flights: 27/12/2005 end of aero-geophysical flights: 29/01/2006
11 end of logistic flights: 06/02/2006 departure from Neumayer 07/02/2006 arrival in Germany 19/02/2006
Chief pilot: Hans-Jürgen Berns, (DLR; Germany) Scientific leader: Daniel Steinhage, (AWI, Germany)
Scientific goals: Project ANTSYO - WEGAS In 2005/06 aero-geophysical flights for the WEGAS project (West-East Gondwana Amalgamation and its Separation) were carried out above the open sea and the Antarctic ice sheet. The line spacing was be 20 km, which might be supplemented by further lines in later survey if data analysis shows the need for it. The aircraft was equipped with a gravity meter, altimeter, GPS, magnetometer, and radio echo sounding system. These measurements will be used for studies of the Gondwana break-off as well as for studies of the sub-glacial geology. The area of interest is located south and north of the Japanese wintering base Syowa, (see attached map). Project ANTSYO – DISTINCT The second project planned for 2005/06 is called DISTINCT (Dronning Maud Land Ice Sheet Incorporative Task). The ice thickness was mapped along the major flow line of the Shirase Glacier and along several elevation contour lines of its drainage basin.
Main scientific equipment: The scientific equipment of POLAR 2 consisted of a radio echo sounding device, amodified ships gravitymeter, a laser altimeter, 2 geodetic GPS receiver, and a magnetometer. On ground 3 GPS reference stations and 2 magnetic base stations were operated.
See also Permanent Information, topic 3.1.2
(c) Stations
Neumayer station (AWI)
Summer season: 03 November 2005 – 12 February 2006
Officers in charge: Station leader: Wolfgang Meier (AWI, physician) January 2005 until February 2006 Maja Petzel (AWI, physician) until February 2007. Logistic coordinator: Jürgen Janneck (AWI, engineer) for season 2005/2006.
Scientific activities reports:
Meteorological Observatory
The meteorological observatory programme at Neumayer is planned to be ongoing. It includes:
12 • 3-hourly routine synoptic observations, • daily upper-air soundings, • weekly ozone soundings, • continuous surface radiation and mast measurements, • satellite picture reception (HRPT, DMSP). • Training of the over winterer staff. • Preparation of the over wintering period 2005/2006. During the summer season 2005/06 all routine maintenance services has been carried out successfully. The data acquisition systems have been upgraded and modernized. The sun-photometer measurements as well as the spectral uv-measurements have been terminated. They will be restarted as soon as more reliable instruments are available. The new over winterer team took over the observatory work and are continuing the observatory programs continuously without mayor changes. During the summer season the meteorological observatory of Neumayer was used successfully as the DROMLAN weather forecast centre. The service will start again in November 2006.
Air Chemistry Observatory:
During the summer campaign 2005/2006, activities at the Air Chemistry Observatory of Neumayer Station were focused on maintenance of the equipment, validation of the measured data, as well as practice of the new over-winterer.
Geophysical Observatory: i) Seismology: The main task of seismological observations at Neumayer Station is the monitoring of the local, regional and global seismic activity. As the global seismographic monitoring network is rather wide-meshed in the southern hemisphere, especially in Antarctica, seismographic recordings at Neumayer Station (including also the broad band station SNAA at Sanae IV) contribute substantially to seismological research in this region. Onset times and the arrival times of other seismic phases of detected earthquakes are determined regularly and reported to the National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC), USA. The 8nvestigation of the local and regional seismicity is a point of special interest. Antarctica is not that aseismic as it is generally believed. Monitoring this seismicity over many years revealed the existence of some distinct seismic active areas in Dronning Maud Land. ii) Geomagnetism: The geomagnetic field and its time dependent variations are recorded continuously. Absolute hourly means of the three field components and the total field intensity are reported on a monthly schedule to the World Data Center (WDC) in Copenhagen, Denmark. The results of these measuerments are incoporated into the calcualtion of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) performed by WDC. A new 3-component fluxgate sensor with superior measurement performances has been installed during last season for further enhancement of data quality. iii) Others:
13 To determine the amount of ice melting at the bottom of the Ekström Ice Shelf a thermistor chain, frozen in into the ice, is monitored since 1993. A PRARE ground station has been operating at Neumayer Station to improve the ephemerides of the ERS-2 satellite.
Infrasound Array IS27DE (CTBT-network):
According to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), the IS27 infrasound station is operated at the German “Neumayer” Antarctic Research base as one of 60 elements of the infrasound network of the International Monitoring System (IMS). Infrasound stations measure micropressure fluctuations in the atmosphere. Therefore they are mainly focussed on the monitoring of the compliance of the CTBT with respect to atmospheric nuclear explosions. The approximately uniform global distribution of the 60 stations ensures the ability to detect any atmospheric nuclear explosion of 1 kiloton TNT equivalent or more by at least two stations. Besides IS27, three other infrasound stations will be established along the coast of Antarctica.
The Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) operates the German National Data Center (NDC) for the CTBT and is responsible for the operation of IS27, which will be carried out in close co- operation with the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI).
IS27 is an infrasound array with nine array stations. Each station is equipped with a microbarometer and a data acquisition system. Meteorological sensors are installed at the central station. A wind-noise reducing pipe array is connected to each microbarometer. The distribution of the inlet ports to the microbarometer in a wide area ensures the suppression of the influence of wind-generated disturbances. The central array control system is installed in the seismo-acoustic observatory to power the stations and retrieve the recorded data. The infrasound data are transmitted continuously in near real time with a maximum delay of 5 minutes to the International Data Center (IDC) in Vienna, Austria, sharing the permanent satellite link between the Neumayer base and AWI.
IS27 is to be operated continuously with at least 98 % data availability over a year's time, which is required for an IMS station. Routine maintenance of the array is a prerequisite to ensure the high reliability and is normally carried out every year during the Austral summer between December and February. During this period, the nine array elements have to be recovered from the snow and re-installed on the surface. The condition of the equipment has to be checked and software upgrades have to be installed.
Each array station is equipped with • a MB2000 microbarograph, • a Callisto Remote Field Authenticating Digitizer, • a Telesto radio frequency data transceiver, and • a power supply unit.
These devices are installed in an insulated aluminum container (1200 × 800 × 500 mm) to protect them from low temperatures. An antenna mast with a Yagi and a GPS antenna is installed close to the container. The central array station is equipped with an ultrasonic anemometer and a temperature sensor on an additional mast.
The wind-noise reducing pipe arrays consist of eight 25-m long arms laid out radially around the station. Each arm in the pipe array consists of a certain length of impermeable polyethylene pipe connected to a 15-m long porous hose encased in a perforated polyethylene pipe.
14 The central array control system is installed in a container on stilts, which contains • the data acquisition computer with backup system, • the radio frequency receiver system, • the power supply units, and • an uninterrupted power supply.
The stations are connected to the central array control system by cable.
DROMLAN Weather forecast service Established in season 2002/03 and now for the fourth summer season the meteorological observatory of the German Antarctic station Neumayer offered a detailed and individual weather forecast service for all activities in Dronning Maud Land. This service is performed in close cooperation between the Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) and the German Weather Service (DWD). Neumayer station has a central position within the Dronning Maud Land due to its good communication facilities including a permanent satellite data link (128 kb, Intelsat), and the modern infrastructure of the meteorological observatory. The forecasts based on special model outputs from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) and the Global-Model (GME). New outputs are available twice a daily. They are used to cover a forecast period up to one week. For short-term forecasts and flight activities the satellite picture receiving station from Neumayer (HRPT, SeaSpace) is of great importance. Up to 20 satellite passes can be obtained daily (NOAA 17, 18, DMSP 14, 15 and 16). Visual as well as infrared pictures get geocoded automatically on a variety of masters covering the synoptic scale (2500 x 5000 km) down to local scale with a spatial resolution up 500 x 500 m at any place in the Dronning Maud Land. Additionally, all information from the Global Telecommunication System (GTS) was available via the permanent data link at any time. Also measurements from surrounding automatic weather stations transponding via ARGOS but not included into the GTS get extracted automatically from the NOAA-satellite information. The forecaster at Neumayer can be reached at any time from all DROMLAN members by mail, fax, telex, phone, and by short-wave communication. While the forecaster is not at Neumayer his service can be obtained via Iridium. During the summer season 2005/2006 more than 2600 forecasts get performed for field parties, ships, stations and especially aircrafts (table 1). It is obvious, that this service increased the safeness of the ambiguous projects in the Dronning Maud Land. Furthermore, it helps to reduce weather induced idle times of expensive flight operations to a minimum.
Kohnen station (AWI)
Summer season: 06 November 2005 till 02 February 2006
Scientific leader: Hans Oerter, [email protected]
15 Scientific activities reports: Deep ice core drilling from 2565m to bedrock, which was reached at a depth of 2774 m. The drilling was stopped when subglacial water flew into the borehole. Logging of the ice core and first in-situ measurements with respect to electrical properties and physical properties of the ice. The drilling operation was accompanied by near surface snow pit studies and firn-air sampling down to the firn - ice transition in 2 satellite holes in the surroundings of the main drill location. Firn samples were analysed by micro-tomography to reconstruct the pore and grain size. The deep drilling aims for research on paleo-climate, especially the inter-comparison with other Antarctic and Greenland ice cores. Firn-air sampling and micro-tomography are important tools to gain better insight into the processes of air inclusion into the ice, which is essential for the interpretation of the measured gas concentrations in the deep ice core. Joint meteorological and aerosol-sampling programmes were carried out as well.
Dallmann Laboratory (AWI) - annex to Base Jubany (Argentina)
Summer season: 02 November 2005 – 06 April 2006
Scientific leader: Katja Heise, [email protected]
Scientific activities report: Last season four different projects, in charge of AWI, took part at the Dallmann-Laboratory: • The function of the hypoxia inducible transcription factor (HIF-1) in cold stenothermal Antarctic ectotherms (Project Abele) • Monitoring of Wilson’s storm petrel Oceanites oceanicus • Monitoring of the reproductive performance of South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki), Brown Skua (Catharacta a. lonnbergi) and mixed pairs at Potter Peninsula • Comparative taxonomic, cytological, and photophysiological studies on snow algae and higher plants from Antarctic, Arctic, and mid-european alpine environments The studies performed are part of the German-Argentinean cooperation at the Dallmann Laboratory/Jubany Station. The focus of the summer campaign 2005-2006 was centred around three terrestrial projects and one marine biological project. Among the terrestrial projects there were two ornithological projects focussed on the reproductive performance on Skuas and Wilson’s storm petrels. In the third terrestrial project cytological and photophysiological studies on snow algae and the two naturally occurring Antarctic higher plants were performed and compared to the same or similar species in the European Alps and the Arctic. In the marine biological project the molecular biological regulation of oxygen homoeostasis was investigated in Antarctic fish.
Project of IMBT – Fraunhofer Institute Snow algae from different snow and glacier fields were sampled for subsequent single cell isolation to establish clonal and axenic cultures. These cultures will be added to the existing Culture Collection of Cryophilic Algae (CCCryo) which is located at the IBMT in Berlin. The taxon inventory of snow, glacier, and soil algae were documented using light microscopy, as well as digital image acquisition and processing. Field material of trophic (green) and resting (red) cell stages were also collected, fixed or freeze dried for DNA extraction and later genome analyses (sequencing of SSU, rDNA and ITS regions, AFLP techniques) as well
16 as for screening for pigments (secondary carotenoids, thylakoid pigments) and secondary metabolites (cold- active enzymes, UV-/high light protectants, natural freeze protectants) under different environmental and culture conditions, such as temperature stress, UV-/high light stress. Our studies at Dallmann Laboratory in the Antarctic are important for an analysis of the bipolar and worldwide comparison of snow algal populations using molecular methods to detect an existing or vanished gene flow between snow algal habitats (cold islets). The CCCryo algal collection will further on serve as an important bioresource for cryophilic freshwater microalgae in Germany and Europe. Regarding the comparative work between snow algae and higher plants, earlier studies by Prof. C. Lütz (campaign 2002/2003 at Dallmann Lab) were pursued. Snow algal samples and leaf samples of the two vascular plants Dechampsia antarctica and Colobanthus quitensis were compared in their physiological reaction to high light and temperature stress measuring photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll fluorescence. These measurements were done partly to repeat and compare with earlier measurements performed during the 2002/2003 campaign.
Project of the University Bonn During my sojourn at the Russian station Bellinghausen (Jan. 26 to Feb. 15) I carried out a qualitative evaluation of the benthic ciliates in the tidal region. At ebb tide an extensive rock and rubble bank is revealed. Here an unexpectedly luxuriant growth of algae is found on the substrate.This algal growth shelters a large number of metazoans and protozoans among which ciliates live, in many species and large populations. Over 20 different species were identified. In the end result, the documented species inventory is identical with that found in correspondingly situated tide pools near Jubani. When all of them are considered together, species that are characteristic of the various tidal zones can be identified. On Jubani (Feb. 15 to Mar. 25) I additionally investigated benthic ciliates, but mainly those of the interstitial system (occupying gaps in the sand). According to preliminary studies the interstitial sand fauna exists only under water that is more than 2 m deep. The absence of an interstitial fauna in the eulittoral region is causally related to the fact that below this depth the capillary water does not freeze in winter, and when the snow melts in summer no fresh water penetrates into the interstices, so that their salinity is unaffected. The sand samples were processed in the laboratory according to the method of Uhlig (driving the interstitial fauna out by thawing marine ice). In general the ciliate fauna of the interstitial is remarkable in that some special taxonomic groups live only here (main representatives: Karyorelictida, Geleidae, Loxodidae). The only one of these represented in the Jubani interstitial was the Karyorelictida. Also present in abundance were Holophryidae as well as hymenostomous and hypotrichous species.The taxonomy of the Karyorelictida has been thoroughly investigated. For this reason I selected the more taxonomically interesting hypotrichous ciliates and processed them by the protargol method in order to reveal their infraciliature.
Project of University Jena The first aim of the skua project at Fildes and Potter Peninsula, King George Island.was the phylogeography of the southern skua complex to deepen our knowledge about processes in the hybrid zone between South Polar Skua and Brown Skua in the area of the Antarctic Peninsula. This goal was achieved by sequencing the HVR I region of the mitochondrial D-Loop. The studies was focused on chick growth in pairs of different pair assemblage, fitness of hybrids and pure species individuals and mechanisms of mate choice (morphometry, acoustics). At Potter and Fildes Peninsula the distribution of skua nests was mapped, adults and chicks were
17 banded and the breeding success of chicks was determined (long term program). Additional studies at Potter Peninsula will investigate in detail the consequences of hatching date for chick growth. The migration routes of skuas was investigated by using satellite telemetry. The project “Effects of variable environmental conditions on breeding, feeding and population ecology of Wilson’s Storm Petrel” is a sequel to last year’s investigations of the Wilson’s Storm Petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) in the area around the Tres Hermanos, Potter Peninsula, King George Island. Since 1996 the of 500 marked nests consisting breeding colony is studied in terms of ecology and adaptation to the prevailing weather conditions. A central aim was the begging behaviour of the juveniles. A previous investigation suggested a close correlation between begging and the chick body condition. Miniature infrared cameras were installed inside the nests to record the nocturnal feedings. Furthermore the continuation of the monitoring program was carried out which included amongst others the ascertainment of breeding success, chick’s growth rates and morphometric data of the adults as well as their ringing.
GARS O’Higgins (DLR) - annex to General Bernardo O’Higgins (Chile)
Operation periods: campaign TF050901 (22 September to 07 December 2005) TF060103 (10 January to 21 February 2006) Scientific activities report:
Near Real Time Examples of geo-coded ERS-2 SAR data Continuation of scientific and technical programs of the last 15 years. Support of scientific projects (like sea ice monitoring, glacier displacements etc.) with scale information gathered by remote sensing satellites from space.
All data are processed by the D-PAF (processing and archiving facility) according to ESA standards and under ESA contract.
The satellite data receiving facility was upgraded Cluster Sensing Remote Applied in order to support TT&C functionality (Telemetry, Tracking and Command) especially in view of utilization for TerraSAR-X and adjacent missions like TanDEM-X (http://www.dlr.de/hr/tdmx) and other.
Additional special support of individual projects can be arranged on request of national and international users, e.g. near real time delivery of geocoded SAR images to improve ship routing in the area of the Antarctic Peninsula. Presently data acquisition of a rank of remote sensing satellites can be supported (ERS-2, LANDSAT, NOAA, TERRA- and AQUA-Modis, CHAMP, BIRD), and it can be extended easily.
Due to the present status of ERS2, DLR is requested by ESA to accomplish as well receiving and pre- processing the LBR-data sets, see more details at http://www.caf.dlr.de/caf/aktuelles/news-archiv_2005/bilderarchiv_2005/gome/gome_10jahre/
18 One of these sensors is GOME providing the measurement of the Ozon layer over Antarctica. Data provision is executed in near real time (platform is the “World Data Center for Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, http://wdc.dlr.de/ ) [ERS2 GOME data reception for Antarctica at TF GARS- O’Higgins, MM McMurdo, and HO Hobart (Australia)].
Geodetic observations for the maintenance of global geodetic reference frames, for monitoring Earth rotation, crustal movements and sea level changes.
The radio telescope is also employed for geodetic applications and research. It is a network station of the global Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) network, which is coordinated by the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS) in order to support the realization and maintenance of the global reference frames. Parameters to describe the celestial and terrestrial reference frame and the Earth rotation are derived by observing and recording signals from quasars simultaneously with other radio telescopes. Regular VLBI operations were started in January 1992. In addition two receivers are permanently established to observe satellites of the global satellite navigation systems (GNSS) as GPS and GLONASS. The receivers are respected as important stations of the International GNSS Service (IGS). The data are complementary to VLBI observations, providing precise positions with respect to the center of mass and the velocity. Additional sensors for observing sea level changes (tide-gauge sensors) and meteorology data are installed and continuously operated. The underwater tide-gauge sensors are calibrated with a radar based tide-gauge sensor (temporarily installed during summer season), which allows a precise connection of the measured sea level to the geodetic ties.
Gondwana Station (BGR)
Period: 27 October 2005 to 06 February 2006
Scientific leader: Norbert W. Roland (BGR)
Scientific activities report: Project GANOVEX IX: Geological and geophysical investigations in northern Victoria Land and offshore north of Cape Hallett. The primary objectives of this BGR project are to investigate the plate tectonic relations between transform faults (e.g.. Balleny Fracture Zone and Tasman Fracture Zone) and continental structures in northern Victoria Land: aeromagnetic survey over an area southeast of the Balleny Islands and the northern coast of Victoria Land including the Cape Adare Trough.
19 geological investigations to determine young brittle tectonic events in Cenozoic volcanics to distinguish these from older events and to date these with radiometric methods. measuring deformations of metamorphosed rocks along faults to investigate the possible left-lateral separation of Antarctica from Australia in contrast to the later right-lateral tectonic regime. sampling rocks for sedimentological and palaeontological investigations for stratigraphic correlations. sampling rocks for geochemical analyses and geochronology.
(d) Field parties and activities in cooperation with other national operators
Station: Dumont d`Urville, France National Operator: IPEV, Technopole Brest Iroise, France
Period: 27 October – 19 December 2005
Project: Foraging behaviour of emperor penguins (AWI) Guest scientist: Ilka Zimmer (AWI)
Scientific activities report
1. Our study focused on the foraging areas and the diving behaviour of chick-rearing emperor penguins. The primary objective was to identify potential feeding grounds by tracking emperor penguins using satellite telemetry. The analysis of data obtained from two types of ARGOS transmitters as well as Multiple Channel Logger units will provide new information on the duration and horizontal extent of foraging trips during the late breeding season and, moreover, on the vertical distribution of dive depths. The scientific goals are:
• the reconstruction of foraging routes for visualisation • the comparison of foraging areas with sea-ice conditions; • the relation of foraging location and dive depth to bottom topography using the ETOPO1 (GEPCO) database • the definition of foraging trip length and duration for the late chick rearing period; • the comparison of dive depth and haul-out pattern in relation to time of day; • the characterization of emperor penguin dive profiles.
For further details please contact Ilka Zimmer [email protected]
In addition to the More Channel Logger units, already being used in 2004, two types of ARGOS transmitters were deployed recording the foraging locations and diving parameters of adult emperor penguins during their foraging trips in the late chick-rearing period. Devices were attached to the lower back feathers of the penguin with watertight tape as this does not affect the waterproofing quality of the feathers.
20 Station: Amundsen-Scott, USA
National operator: National Science Foundation (NSF) Period: 20 November 2005 – 14 February 2006
Project: Amanda/Ice cube Neutrino Telescopes US Coordinator: Robert Morse, [email protected] National Science Foundation/Raython Services in co-operation with University of Wisconsin (USA).
German participating institutions: DESY-Zeuthen and Humboldt: Dr. Christian Spiering/ Dr. Stefan Schlenstedt University of Dortmund: Prof. Wolfgang Rhode University of Mainz: Prof. Lutz Köpke University of Wuppertal: Prof. K.H.Kampert MPIK Heidelberg: Dr. Elisa Resconi
Scientific activities report: Operation of the Amanda Neutrino Telescope. Investigation of high-energy cosmic neutrinos, search fort dark matter and magnetic monopoles, monitoring of the Galaxy for Supernova bursts. During the 2005/2006 season, the following main tasks have been performed: a) Drilling of eight 2.5 km deep holes and installation of eight new IceCube strings b) Installation of 16 IceTop stations at the surface c) Time synchronization between AMANDA and IceCube d) Verification and commissioning of all new equipment All planned activities have been successfully performed.
Station: Bellingshausen Station (Russia) Escudero Station (Chile) Great Wall (China) King Sejong Station (Korea)
Period: 05 December 2005 – 26 March 2006 Over wintering of Anne Fröhlich in the frame of the Russian Antarctic Expedition at Bellingshausen (26 March 2006 till end of 2006)
Project: Biological research on Antarctic seabirds, skuas and Wilson’s storm petrols
Scientific leader: Hans-Ulrich Peter (University of Jena)
Area: Potter Peninsula and Fildes Peninsula including Ardley Island, King George Island
21
Scientific activities report: The project ‘risk assessment for the Fildes Peninsula and Ardley Island and the development of management plans for designation as Antarctic Specially Protected or Managed Areas’ was continued with its third field season A complete census of avian and mammal fauna is carried out. Central aim was an area-wide GPS- mapping of the vegetation. Furthermore, actual human activities in their impacts (research, station constructional and logistic work, air and marine traffic) were assessed temporally and spatially. To facilitate future management recommendations, station members were interviewed for their individual knowledge and perception of the environmental situation. From 30 January to 3 February 2006 Bellingshausen Station, an international workshop with the title ‘Possibilities for Environmental Management of the Fildes Peninsula and Ardley Island’ was held to discuss the field results and environmental risk assessment (see also Working Paper for ATCM29 in Edinburgh) The first aim of the skua project at Fildes and Potter Peninsula, King George Island.was the phylogeography of the southern skua complex to deepen our knowledge about processes in the hybrid zone between South Polar Skua and Brown Skua in the area of the Antarctic Peninsula. This goal was achieved by sequencing the HVR I region of the mitochondrial D-Loop. The studies was focused on chick growth in pairs of different pair assemblage, fitness of hybrids and pure species individuals and mechanisms of mate choice (morphometry, acoustics). At Potter and Fildes Peninsula the distribution of skua nests was mapped, adults and chicks were banded and the breeding success of chicks was determined (long term program). Additional studies at Potter Peninsula will investigate in detail the consequences of hatching date for chick growth. The migration routes of skuas was investigated by using satellite telemetry. The project “Effects of variable environmental conditions on breeding, feeding and population ecology of Wilson’s Storm Petrel” is a sequel to last year’s investigations of the Wilson’s Storm Petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) in the area around the Tres Hermanos, Potter Peninsula, King George Island. Since 1996 the of 500 marked nests consisting breeding colony is studied in terms of ecology and adaptation to the prevailing weather conditions. A central aim was the begging behaviour of the juveniles. A previous investigation suggested a close correlation between begging and the chick body condition. Miniature infrared cameras were installed inside the nests to record the nocturnal feedings. Furthermore the continuation of the monitoring program was carried out which included amongst others the ascertainment of breeding success, chick’s growth rates and morphometric data of the adults as well as their ringing.
Ship cruise: RV Laurence M. Gould, LMG 06-02
National operator: USA Period: 14 February – 16 March 2006
Project: LMG 06-02: Biological Oceanography Guest scientist: Lena von Harbou (AWI)
Scientific activity report of AWI participant: HPLC analysis of gut pigments Salps of different sizes and stages were collected from 20 MOCNESS_1 hauls (8 depths) over 48h cycles and from 9 Bongo net hauls during the ascend and descend of migrating salps. Additionally, salps from down to
22 2500 m were collected from one MOCNESS_10 haul. Salps were staged and sized as soon as possible after net collection and frozen at -80 C. Guts were excised on ice and will be shipped on dry ice for later detailed gut pigment analysis (High Pressure Low Chromatography) which will give information of the composition of the diet and the digestion. According to net collections, water samples were taken from CTD cast and will be analyzed together with the guts at the the IfM Geomar, Kiel, Germany in co-operation with Dr. I. Peeken. The results will be compared to the results from analysis of total gut fluorescence of net collected salps completed during the cruise with the Turner fluorometer. Microscopic analysis of guts by Dr. Kremer will provide background information of ingested food particles. Laboratory feeding rate measurements Feeding experiments were carried out to estimate salps’ clearance rates and to follow their food uptake, digestion and defecation with pigment analysis in order to understand the role of salps in altering not only the available quantity of food in the water but also its quality. Diver-collected animals were held in 20 L containers filled with surface water for 8 to 24 hours, chlorophyll concentrations ranged between 0.08 to 0.85 ug L-1. According to size, chains of 2 – 46 aggregate animals or one to two solitary individuals were put in each container. In total, six experiments, each including between 4 – 8 containers with animals of different size and/or stage and two control containers without animals were carried out. Salp feeding was followed by sampling water at regular intervals for chlorophyll measurements read on board, additional water samples were taken for POC measurements and pigment analysis at home. For microscopic analysis of the food composition, a water sample was taken at the beginning of each experiment and fixed with 5 % Lugol’s. Fecal pellets were collected regularly over the experiment and number of pellets produced recorded. At the end of the experiment, the pellets and collecting water was mixed and sampled for later POC and pigment analysis. Experimental animals were frozen at the end of the experiment for gut pigment analysis, and at the beginning of the experiment, if available to compare in vitro and in situ feeding. So far, preliminary results show clearance rates depending on the size of the animals from 30 up to 630 ml animals-1 h-1 for aggregate salps between 10 to 35 mm length, respectively. The feeding rate did apparently not change with natural food concentrations but digestion efficiency and fecal pellet production still need to be analyzed. Solitary salps, which are seemingly more influenced by the containment in small containers, were feeding at clearance rates between 500 to 1500 ml animal-1 h-1.
Ship cruise: RV “Almirante IRIZAR” (2nd and 3rd leg)
National operator: Armada Argentina
Period: 05 December 2004 to 19 January 2005
Project: Geodesy in Antarctica Guest scientist: Sonja Gütz (AWI)
Scientific activity report of AWI participant: Installation, maintenance and operation of geodetic and oceanographic equipment on permanent tracking stations for geodetic (geoid horizontal and vertical datum, atmosphere) and geophysical (ice mass balance, plate tectonic) studies. 23
GPS AWI and IAA/DNA are operating since several years jointly three permanent GPS tracking stations at the Argentine bases Belgrano 2, Jubany and San Martín in continuation of the former German Geodetic Antarctic Project (GAP) campaigns. The GPS-observations are used to connect geodetic points in Antarctica via the IGS- network to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) with highest accuracy. Other objectives are the determination of the relative motion rates and directions of the Antarctic Plate with respect to the adjoining plates and the determination of the vertical motion of the Antarctic lithosphere due to changes of the ice and ocean loading. The project is related to the Antarctic Neotectonics (ANTEC) program of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). During this campaign the regular maintenance and check on all three stations has been carried out. On Belgrano II the software system was changed from TRS to Trimble GPS_Base to meet IGS data standards and on San Martín the Ashtech Z-12 receiver was replaced by a Trimble 4000 Ssi which were kindly supplied by the Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (BKG) in Frankfurt. Furthermore multiple simultaneous measurements on the stations security markers have been made to check the location of the excenters and the geometry between the center and the excenters. In addition a short GPS Survey on Orcadas was conducted for the IAA in order to analyze rotational movements of the Isla Laurie after the earth quake in August 2003 and the reference points and GAP markers at the stations Esperanza and Marambio were maintained and inspected. DORIS On Belgrano II the 3rd generation DORIS ground station was maintained and checked. Tide gauge station Once a year AWI exchanges the data storage unit of the tide gauge station at San Martín and downloads the data of the previous recording period. These long-term observation data is used for the height determination of the mean sea level. Having had several problems with one of the transmitting channels of the sensor, it was replaced and a new sensor unit was installed. In order to adjust the newly installed sensor and connecting it to the adjacent height marker at the station, a height leveling was carried out.
Main scientific equipment used at stations: Orcadas: GPS receiver Trimble 4000 SSE GPS antenna Trimble Belgrano II: GPS receiver (Trimble 5700) GPS antenna (Ashtech choke ring antenna with dome) DORIS beacon 3.0 Starec antenna 3.0 Meteorological station 3 GPS receiver Trimble 4000 SSE 3 GPS antenna Trimble
24 San Martín GPS receiver (Ashtech Z-12) GPS receiver (Trimble 4000 SSi) Page 4 of 4 GPS antenna (Ashtech choke ring antenna with dome) 3 GPS receiver Trimble 4000 SSE 3 GPS antenna Trimble Tide gauge sensors (Aanderaa Norway) Sensor Scanning Unit 3010 (Aanderaa Norway) Data storage unit (DSU) (Aanderaa Norway) Data reading unit (Aanderaa Norway) Theodolit (Wild T0) Leveling rod Jubany GPS receiver (Trimble 4000 SSi) GPS antenna (Trimble Zephyr geodetic with dome now) 4 GPS receiver Trimble 4000 SSE 4 GPS antenna Trimble
25 2.2 Operational Information
2.2.1 National Expeditions
The Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) coordinated all German Antarctic activities. The following German institutions performed in the frame of their research programs Antarctic expeditions as well as operated stations or camps in Antarctica:
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) German Center for Aeronautical and Space Research (DLR) Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (BKG) Federal Agency for Geosciences and Mineral Resources (BGR) Further Antarctic activities were performed in co-operation with other national operators.
(a) Ship operations
RV Polarstern - leg ANT XXIII/2 (AWI): Weddell Sea
Cruise report: Cape Town: 19 November 2005 Neumayer-Station: 03 December 2005 Punta Arenas: 12 January 2006
Master: Schwarze, Stefan (Reederei F. Laeisz) Cruise leader: Strass, Volker (AWI) Crew: 44 Staff (scientists, technicians): 55
Area of activity:
Whole Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, coordinates 34°S - 72°S, 70°W - 18°E, with the majority of research activities in the Lazarev Sea between latitudes 60°S to the Antarctic coast and longitudes 6°W to 3°E. Supply of the German Neumayer base at 70°39´S, 08°15´W. Start of cruise in Cape Town, end of cruise in Punta Arenas.
26
Participants:
Surname Given name Institute/Company Profession Nationality Comments
Asmus Kelly Deakin Univ. Scientist Australian Auerswald Lutz Univ. Cape Town Scientist De Bernard Kim Sarah Rhodes Univ. Student South Africa Boebel Olaf AWI Scientist De disembarked NM Boebel Tobias Optimare Scientist De disembarked NM Brauer Jens HeliTransair Technician De Broglio Elisabetta ICM Barcelona Scientist Italian Büchner Jürgen HeliTransair Helicopter Pilot De Calcara Massimo PNRA Rome Scientist Italian Capua Carmine INGV Rome Scientist Italian Cisewski Boris AWI Scientist De Demmler Petra Journalist De Fach Bettina AWI Scientist De Federowitz Marcus HeliTransair Helicopter Pilot De Fuentes Verónica AWI Scientist Argentinian Gerull Linda AWI Student De Giesecke Astorga Claudio R. Univ. Concepcion Scientist Chilean Glasgow Debra IWC Scientist New Zeal. Gurney Leigh Univ. Brit. Columb. Scientist South Africa Haraldsson Matilda Univ. Göteborg Student Swedish Hayden Andreas AWI Student De 27 Herrmann Regine AWI Student De Hohn Sönke AWI Scientist De Homs-Ramirez Patricia ICM Barcelona Scientist Spanish Hunt Brian Univ. Brit. Columb. Scientist South Africa Jennings Michael E. Rhodes Univ. Student South Africa Klinck Holger AWI Scientist De disembarked NM Koschnick Nils AWI Technician De Krägefsky Sören AWI Scientist De Kresling Andreas DWD Meteorologist De Leach Harry Univ. Liverpool Scientist British Lo Bue Nadia INGV Rome Scientist Italian Loes Peter AWI Engineer De Lucassen Magnus AWI Scientist De Meyer Bettina AWI Scientist De Mühlenhardt-Siegel Ute DZMB Hamburg Scientist De Otto Juliane AWI Student De Pape Carsten AWI Scientist De Poppe Ulrike AWI Student De Riedel Sven AWI Scientist De disembarked NM Rohr Harald Optimare Engineer De Schmidt Gesine AWI Student De Schukat Anna Univ. Bremen Student De Siegel Volker BFA Fisch, HH Scientist De Sonnabend Hartmut DWD Technician De Spahic Susanne AWI Technician De Steinhage Daniel AWI Scientist De disembarked NM Strass Volker AWI Scientist De Stübing Dorothea Univ. Bremen Scientist De Vendrell Begona ICM Barcelona Scientist Spanish Vortkamp Martina BFA Fisch, HH Technician De Witt Ralf AWI Technician De disembarked NM Wittmann Astrid AWI Student De Zeidler Martin HeliTransair Technician De Ziffer Albert AWI Technician De disembarked NM
RV Polarstern - leg ANT XXIII/3 (AWI): Weddell Sea
Cruise report: Punta Arenas 15 January 2006 Dallmann –Laboratory 27 January 2006 O’ Higgins / GARS 28 January 2006 Dallmann Laboratory 29 January 2006 Punta Arenas 08 February 2006
Master: Uwe Pahl (Reederei F. Laeisz) Cruise leader: Christine Provost (LOCEAN, CNRS, France) Crew: 44 Staff (scientist and technicians): 43
Area of activity: Drake Passage and Bransfield Strait Start of cruise in Punta Arenas, end of cruise in Punta Arenas. 28
Participants:
Surname Given name Institute/Company Profession Nationality
Barré Nicolas UPMC LOCEAN Student French Beaumont Laurence CNRS Meudon Technician French Busdraghi Fabiano UPMC LOCEAN Student Italy Caceres Mario Univ. Valparaiso Observer Chilean Chastel Olivier CNRS Villiers Scientist French
29 Chouaib Nadine IRD LOCEAN Engineer French Clement-Chastel Céline CNRS Villiers Student French Delhaye Claude CNRS Meudon Technician French Faillot Mathilde CNES LEGOS Engineer French Feyen Anja University Bremen Student German Friederich Jana AWI Scientist German Garcon Veronique CNRS LEGOS Scientist French Houssais Marie-Noëlle CNRS LOCEAN Scientist French Huhn Oliver University Bremen Scientist German Hwang Sang Chul KORDI Engineer Korea Jeandel Catherine CNRS LEGOS Scientist French Kartavtseff Annie CNRS LOCEAN Engineer French Knobelsdorf Michael DWD Meteorologist German Koschnick Nils AWI Technician German Lacombe Marielle UPS LEGOS Student French Lanoisellé Jacky CNRS LOCEAN Engineer French Lee Jae Hak KORDI Scientist Korea Le Goff Hervé CNRS LOCEAN Engineer French Lucassen Magnus AWI Scientist German Marec Claudie CNRS Brest Engineer French Martin Nicolas CNRS LOCEAN Engineer French Ménard Yves CNES LEGOS Engineer French Monglon Thierry CNRS LOCEAN Technician French Oriol Louise CNRS Banyuls Engineer French Pradoux Catherine CNRS LEGOS Technician French Provost Christine CNRS LOCEAN Scientist French Rafizadeh Mehrad CNRS LOCEAN Engineer French Rouault Catherine CNRS LOCEAN Engineer French Ronat Luc CNRS Meudon Technician French Rutgers Van der Loeff Michiel AWI Scientist Nertherlands Schauer Bernard UPMC LOCEAN Engineer French Sennechael Nathalie MNHN LOCEAN Scientist French Sonnabend Hartmut DWD Technician German Spadone Aurélie UPMC LOCEAN Student French Stoëhr Felix CNES LOCEAN Engineer German Sudre Joël CNRS LEGOS Engineer French Sultan Emmanuelle MNHN LOCEAN Engineer French Vivier Frédéric CNRS LOCEAN Scientist French
30 RV Polarstern - leg ANT XXIII/4 (AWI): Amundsen and Bellingshausen See
Cruise report: Punta Arenas 10 February 2006 Rothera 16 February 2006 (only by helicopter) Rothera 03 April 2006 (only by helicopter) Dallmann Laboratory 06 April 2006 Punta Arenas 11 April 2006
Master: Pahl, Uwe (Reederei F. Laeisz) Cruise leader: Gohl, Karsten (AWI) Crew: 44 Staff (scientist and technicians): 55
Area of activity: Southern Amundsen Sea, Amundsen Sea Embayment & Pine Island Bay Coordinates: 100°-125°W, 69°-75°S
Participants:
Surname / Given name Institute/Company Profession Nationality
Blume, Marlen AWI Biologist German
31 Bohlmann, Harald Isitec Technician German Buldt, Klaus DWD Technician German Daniel, Kristin FSU Jena Student, geology German Dietrich, Reinhard TU Dresden Geodesist German Eagles, Graeme AWI Geophysicist British Fahl, André AWI Student, geophysics German Feigl, Thomas Univ. Graz/AWI Student, geodesy Austrian Feldt, Oliver HeliTransair Technician German Forwick, Matthias Univ. Tromsø Geologist German Gebauer, Manfred DWD Meteorologist German Gohl, Karsten AWI Geophysicist German Grobys, Jan AWI Geophysicist German Guerrero, Raul INIDEP Argentina Oceanographer Argentine Hass, Christian AWI Sylt Geologist German Hauff, Silke IfM-Geomar Technician German Hauff, Sven Folkmar IfM-Geomar Geologist German Heckmann, Hans-Hilmar HeliTransair Pilot German Heise, Katja AWI Biologist German Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter BAS Geologist German Johnson, Joanne BAS Geologist British Just, Janna AWI Student, geophysics German Kamennaya, Nina Univ. Jerusalem Student, biology Israel Kober, Martin Univ. Jena Student, geology German Krüger, Stefan Univ. Leipzig/AWI Geologist German Kuhn, Gerhard AWI Geologist German Leinweber, Volker AWI Student, geophysics German Lemenkova, Polina VIG/Univ. Moscow Cartographer Russian Lensch, Norbert AWI Technician German Mayr, Christina AWI Student, geophysics German Netzeband, Gesa Univ. Hamburg Physicist German Neubacher, Elke Univ. Salzburg Student, biology Austrian Nitsche, Frank Lamont-Doherty Geophysicist German O’Donova, Terence BAS Technician British Parsiegla, Nicole AWI Geophysicist German Petitat, Manuel AWI Student, geology Swiss Rackebrandt, Nick AWI Student German Richter, Andreas TU Dresden Engineer German Ritter, Marc AWI Engineer German Schlüter, Philip AWI Geophysicist German Schmiing, Mara AWI Student, biology German Steinmair, Ulrike Univ. Salzburg Student, biology Austrian Strahl, Julia AWI Student, biology German Suckro, Sonja AWI Student, geophysics German Thiede, Jörn AWI Geologist German Veit, Andreas Univ. Jena Geologist German Walter, Torben Univ. Salzburg Student, biology German Werner, Reinhard Tethys/Geomar Geologist German Wickham, Stephen Univ. Salzburg Biologist Canadian Wiencke, Christian AWI Biologist German Winter, Stefan HeliTransair Pilot German Zeidler, Martin HeliTransair Mechanic German Zimmermann, Katja AWI Student, geophysics German Gauger, Steffen Fielax Engineer German
32 RV Polarstern - leg ANT XXIII/6 (AWI): Weddell Sea
Cruise report: Cape Town 17 June 2006 Cape Town 23 August 2006
Master: Stefan Schwarze (Reederei F. Laeisz) Cruise leader: Uli Bathmann (LOCEAN, CNRS, France) Crew: 44 Staff (scientist and technicians): 43
Area of activity: Area: Lazarev Sea, Coordinates: 10°E-10°W, 60°-70°S
33 Participants:
Surname Given name Institute / Company Profession
Alheit Ruth AWI Technician Auerswald Lutz UCT Biologist Bathmann Ulrich AWI Biologist, chief scientist Buldt Klaus DWD Technician Burkhardt Elke AWI Biologist Cisewski Boris AWI Oceanographer Dorssen Michiel van ALTERRA Biologist Ewe Daniela Uni HB Student Fijn Ruben ALTERRA Biologist Flores Hauke ALTERRA Biologist Franeker Jan van ALTERRA Biologist Freier Ulrich AWI Diver Fuentes Veronica AWI Biologist Garcia Maria IWC Biologist Hager Julia Uni HB Student Haraldsson Matilda BFA Fisch Student Herrmann Sarah AWI Student Klinck Holger AWI Scientist Kruse Svenja AWI Biologist Lenderink Andrea Uni HB Student Michalski Ulrich HTA Pilot Brauer Jens HTA Technician Fuhs Elisabeth HTA Technician Martynova Daria Uni St. Petersb. Biologist Meijboom Andre ALTERRA Biologist Meyer Bettina AWI Biologist Michels Jan AWI Biologist Miller Max DWD Meteorologist Nunez-Riboni Ismael AWI Student Olariaga Alejandro AWI Student Pakhomov Evgeny UBC Biologist Pape Carsten AWI Biologist Risch Sarah LAE Biologist Sahlmann Christian Uni HB Student Schreiber Karolin AWI Technician Schukat Anna Uni HB Student Spahic Susanne AWI Technician 34 Surname Given name Institute / Company Profession
Stübing Dorothea Uni HB Biologist Tadday Lilo Via AWI Photographer Van de Putte Anton LAE Biologist Vortkamp Martina BFA Fisch Technician Wend Britta AWI Biologist Witte Timo OPTIMARE Technician Würzberg Laura BFA Fisch Biologist Yasseri Michael S. AWI Diver
BBS Singapore:
Cruise report: Cape Town 28 January 2006 Atka Bay 07 February 2006 09 February 2006 Cape Town 17 February 2006
Master: Heinrich Meyering (Briese Schiffahrts GmbH & Co.KG) Crew: 13 Staff (scientist and technicians): 2
Surname / given name Institute/Company Profession Nationality Schartel, Harald Laeizs/AWI Engineer German Buchholz, Oliver Laeizs/AWI Electrician German
(b) Aircraft operations
AWI flight information for AWI aircraft: Dornier 228-101 (Polar 2)
Chief pilot: Hans-Jürgen Berns (DLR; Germany) Chief scientist: Daniel Steinhage (AWI, Germany)
Crew: 2 pilots, 2 technicians Scientific staff: 2 scientists, 2 technicians
Period: 30 November 2005 – 19 February 2006
departure in Germany: 30/11/2005 arrival at Neumayer: 19/12/2005 begin of logistic flights: 21/12/2005 begin of aero-geophysical flights: 27/12/2005
35 end of aero-geophysical flights: 29/01/2006 end of logistic flights: 06/02/2006 departure from Neumayer 07/02/2006 arrival in Germany 19/02/2006
Area of activity: Flights were carried out in eastern Dronning Maud Land/Enderby Land with the S17 summer camp as main base for our aero-geophysical program (see also map). Logistic flights were flown between Neumayer, Novolazarevskaya, Kohnen, and S17/Syowa. One Dornier Do228-101 with ski equipped was used during the season (POLAR 2). The aircraft was operated from Neumayer (German wintering base) and S17/Syowa (Japenese summer camp) and during its operations POLAR 2 landed also at Kohnen Station, Novolazarevskaya, and Troll.
Participants:
Surname Given name Position/profession Organization Nationality Berns Hans-Jürgen chief pilot DLR German Böbel Tobias Technician Optimare German Höltig Jürgen technician Optimare German Gebhard Regina aircraft mechanic DLR German Riedel Sven scientist AWI German Gemsa Steffen pilot DLR German Steinhage Daniel scientific leader AWI German Wolf Alexander aircraft mechanic DLR German
AWI flight in formations in the frame of the international project DROMLAN
A great number of AWI’s land-based scientific and logistic projects were carried out during summer season from November 2005 until February 2006. In order to realize these activities, most of personnel were again flown into Antarctica from Cape Town on board of a Russian cargo aircraft IL-76TD via Novo Airbase and transported back the same way in the end of the campaign. In addition personnel came in and out on the new mid season flight with a Swedish Hercules C130 aircraft to the Norwegian Troll station beginning of January 2006. The number of persons travelling in this way was 61 and 66 out. Also a substantial part of cargo was sent down. Two vessels transported some personnel and the cargo for the supply and resupply of the Neumayer and Kohnen station.
arrival /departure with date ID route arrival departure aircraft Iljushin 76 03.11.2005 IL22 CPT - Novo - CPT 11 0 aircraft Iljushin 76 (11-13)-11-2005 IL23 CPT - Novo - CPT 15 0 aircraft Iljushin 76 26.11.2005 IL24 CPT - Novo - CPT 26 0 aircraft Hercules C130 (06-11)-01-2006 C130 CPT - Troll - CPT 9 16 aircraft Iljushin 76 (02-06)-02-2006 IL25 CPT - Novo - CPT 0 30 aircraft Iljushin 76 (10-12)-02-2006 IL26 CPT - Novo - CPT 0 20 aircraft Dornier 228-101 16-12-2005 - 13-02-2006 P2 at Neumayer, S17 3 3
36 ship Polarstern-ANTXXIII/2 19-11 - (02-03)-12-2005 PS Cape Town - Neumayer 7 0 ship S.A.Agulhas (07-09)-02-2006 S Neumayer - Cape Town 0 0 ship BBCSingapore(Briese) (07-09)-02-2006 SB CT - NM - CT 0 2 DROMLAN Pax in / out: 61 66
The first flight (IL 22) scheduled early November carried one person from the German Weather Service (DWD) to Neumayer and 10 persons of the logistic team to open Kohnen station for the ice core drilling project EPICA. As already during last season the DWD expert provided flight weather forecasts for DROMLAN in co- operation with the South African Weather Service at Cape Town. 15 scientists of the EPICA project came in with IL 23. The IL 24 flight scheduled end of November carried 26 scientists and technicians for Neumayer station including the over wintering team for 2006. The mid season flight (C-130) beginning of January carried 3 scientists /technicians to Neumayer and a VIP group of 6 persons to visit the Neumayer and Kohnen station. The first persons left Neumayer station on this flight. The IL 25 and IL 26 flight were scheduled for beginning and mid February. Both return flights had to pick up 50 scientists and technicians in total from Neumayer and Kohnen and fly them back to Cape Town. DROMLAN activities were completed by the last flight on 12 February 2006. A Basler aircraft BT67 performed the feeder flights from Novo and Troll Airbase to Neumayer and Kohnen station and the return feeder flights.
AWI flight information: South America to Teniente Marsh, Chile
Transport of personnel and cargo for Dallmann Laboratory/Jubany was done in co-operation with the Direction Nacional del Antarctico (DNA _ Argentine), the Instituto Antarctico Uruguayo, Instituto Antarctico Chileneo. Flights, DAP and ALCI. Flights were performed with a C-130 aircraft operated by the Uruguayan and Chilean Air Force between Punta Arenas (PA) and the airfield at Teniente Marsh. In addition AWI used commercial supporters (DAP and ALCI) for some flights. These flights were performed by a DASH 7 (DAP) and an BT67 of ALCI. For feeder flights in the area of King George Island helicopters (BO-105) were used of DAP, FACH and AWI. Date Nation/Company Route For Frei For Punta Arenas Pax / cargo Pax / cargo 28 October 2005 Chile PA – Frei – PA 5 / 1000 kg 0 / 0 23 November 2005 Chile PA – Frei – PA 0 / 0 1 / 50 kg 10 December 2005 Chile PA – Frei – PA 5 / 0 2 / 50 kg 05 January 2006 DAP PA – Frei – PA 3 / 100 0 / 0 25 January 2006 Uruguay PA – Frei – PA 3 / 100 0 / 0 02 February 2006 DAP PA – Frei – PA 0 / 50 0 / 0 15 February 2006 ALCI PA – Frei – PA 0 / 0 3 / 0 24 March 2006 Chile PA – Frei – PA 0 / 0 2 / 0 26 March 2006 Chile PA – Frei – PA 2 / 0 2 / 0 03 April 2006 Uruguay PA – Frei – PA 2 / 0 0 / 0
Gondwana and GANOVEX IX - flight information
The expedition GANOVEX IX, organized by BGR, was supported by one Twin Otter (DHC-6), operated by Kenn Borek Air Ltd. and two helicopters (AS350B), operated by Helicopters (NZ) Ltd. 37
Twin Otter (DHC-6): Chief pilot: Bob Baldwin, Chief technician: Rob McLeod Flight hours: 220 Helicopter (AS350B): Chief pilot: Ashley Clarke / Angus Taylor Chief technician: Shane Bond / Robert Gits Flight hours: 361
Area of activity: The project area was located in northern Victoria Land and offshore to the north and east of Cape Hallett.
Participants: see logistic report
For further information please contact: http://www.borekair.com or http://www.helicopters.net.nz
(c) Stations
Neumayer station (AWI)
Summer season: 03 November 2005 – 12 February 2006
Officers in charge:
Station leader: Wolfgang Meier (AWI, physician) January 2005 until February 2006 Maja Petzel (AWI, physician) until February 2007. Logistic coordinator: Juergen Janneck (AWI, engineer) for season 2005/2006.
Up to 65 scientists, experts, pilots and technicians stayed temporarily at the station during summer season. Additionally visitors from other national programs took short time stays at the station site. UK, Russian and South African fixed wing and rotary aircraft were scheduled to land at Neumayer station for transport of personnel and freight in the frame of scientific and logistic co-operation or refueling.
Logistic activities report:
On 02 December 2005 RV Polarstern arrived at Atka Bay to provide the bulk of material, equipment, and consumables for Neumayer and Kohnen. 7 scientists and technicians arrived with the vessel. For summer activities the majority of personnel including the new over wintering staff moved in and out in the frame of DROMLAN. The cargo was carried out with the German vessel BBC Singapore from Neumayer at the 09 February 2006. During the season technical services were provided for air operations such as runway maintenance, refuelling, communication, flight following, weather forecast. The aircraft Do228-101 (Polar 2) was based at Neumayer station. For the ANTSYO project the aircraft was positioned at S17 during January. Technical preparations of the supply traverses for Kohnen station were a further task in December and beginning of February. Maintenance works were carried out at station building, eastern ramp, garage, ventilation shafts, emergency exits as well as different platforms of the observatories.
38 The sensor array of the infrasound station IS27DE was dug out and re-established at the accumulated snow surface. Contract personnel of a commercial company performed this great amount of physical work. A new observatory was built near the north point at the ice shelf. The PerenniAL Acoustic Observatory in the Antarctic Ocean (PALAOA, Hawaiian “whale”) is intended to record the underwater soundscape in the vicinity of the shelfice-edge for several years. The assembly of the long-term observatory near Neumayer Station will be carried out in two steps. During the austral summer 2004/05 the energy module of PALAOA including the WLAN connection to Neumayer Station was set up at the Ekström shelf ice. After a one year's test stage, the acoustic measuring sensors (4 hydrophones) and a CTD sensor were deployed under the shelf ice during the season. To this end, three hot water drillings through the shelf ice provided access to the water below the shelf ice to insert the sensors into the water column. The recording system and the control technology of PALAOA are placed in an isolated 10 foot container. A Savonius wind generator for power supply, a WLAN antenna for data transfer to Neumayer Station and a Webcam for visual observations of the sea surface are mounted on a pylon of 3 m height fixed on top of the container. In addition, solar panels are mounted directly on the container wall oriented towards the north. To be energy self-sufficiency – especially during polar winter – a methanol fuel cell complements the energy module of PALAOA.
The 25rd over wintering team was replaced by its successors, a group of nine women and men. The new team was finally briefed on site.
Weather forecast:
Since season 2002/2003 DROMLAN weather forecast service is established in Dronning Maud Land. Also in season 2004/2005 this service worked well for all partners in the DROMLAN community. Like in the past seasons over 2000 individual forecasts for aircrafts, stations, traverses, ships and other field activities have been worked out and distributed via email, HF, VHF and Iridium. The covered region is between Halley (BAS, UK) and eastward to Syowa (JARE, Japan). This season the weather forecast service started on the 5th of November 2004 and ended with the last flight on the 15th of February 2005. The weather forecast was organized by AWI in co-operation with German Weather Service (Deutscher Wetterdienst). Two forecasters shared the season and they worked permanently at Neumayer Station as well as temporary at Novo Airbase (Russia) at the beginning and end of the season traveling to and from Cape Town Airport, South Africa. Next to the data of the meteorology observatory up to 300 MByte of meteorological data and forecast products have been received daily via email at Neumayer Station with the permanent satellite data link (128 kB). Therefore the forecaster had the advantage to get access to different products of the numerical weather forecast models of the ECMWF, AMPS and GME at any time. Also this season the Satellite picture receiving station (SeaSpace) for highly spatially and timely resolved multi-cannel pictures from the NOAA- and DMSP- satellites worked well. These images with a horizontal resolution down to 500 meter are very important for the individual flight forecasts in the DROMLAN community. This and also the last seasons it was sometimes difficult to get meteorological data from any station in the DROMLAN community. It was always possible to get actual weather from any station in the DROMLAN area
39 on request, but it would be a great advantage to have more automatic weather stations (AWS) in Dronning Maud Land, especially at Novo Runway for the intercontinental flights. Also a direct access to the automatic weather station at Troll runway was not possible, but the new permanent satellite data link at Troll Station it should be available next season via Internet. All intercontinental flights between have been successfully supported last season by the DROMLAN weather forecast service. This included also the first intercontinental flight between Cape Town and Troll Station with the C-130 operated by the Norwegian Air force. For westbound and eastbound flights leaving the forecast area off DROMLAN weather forecast service the forecaster at Neumayer Station was in contact with the forecast service at Rothera and McMurdo.
Service works at the Infrasound Array IS27DE (CTBT-network):
The IS27 array is located about 3 km southwest of the Neumayer base, as shown in the figure below. It consists of nine stations arranged on a spiral at regularly increasing radii from the center point. The aperture of this array is about 2 km. The central array control system is installed in the seismo-acoustic observatory about 800 m south of the Neumayer base. The stations of the IS27 array are1.8 to 4 km from the central control system.
IS27 is co-located with the facilities of the permanent Neumayer base, which provides all logistical requirements for operation and maintenance. The infrasound array is powered by the mains of the Neumayer base. A fiber-optic cable as well as WLAN technology is used to connect the central array control system to the local intranet at the Neumayer base, which provides access to the permanent satellite link. The infrasound array is maintained by the permanent staff of the Neumayer base. During the routine maintenance additional manpower is provided by AWI for the recovery of the array elements.
Location of the IS27DE infrasound array
Geophysical observatory:
During the austral summer 2004/2005 the geophysics branch at the base was mainly engaged in maintenance and service works at the base itself and at the remote seismological stations. New computing facilities were installed and thus several problems in network administration had to be solved. A substantial amount of time was spent for training of the geophysics staff off the new wintering team. Besides this all geophysicist assisted in the annual service works for the infrasound station IS27. From January 05 until January 11 a service trip to the remote seismological stations VNA2 and VNA3 was made. At station VNA3 the seismometer and the data acquisition system were recovered from deep below the the snow surface and set up again at a higher level. New solar panels were installed at the antenna mast. The mast was set up at a higher position again. All batteries were changed to guarantee an uninterupted operation during the Antarctic winter. At station VNA2, 40 the site of the detection array, service works were quite limited. A telecommunication link had to be changed because transmission of array data became worse shortly before the visit. It was not necessary to recover the central seismometer due to a rather low accumulation of snow. The antenna mast could also remain in its current position. Only the batteries had to be changed and the electronics had to be adjusted.
Participants:
Institute / Surname Given name Position/profession Stay Country company Anastou Anja meteorologist 26.11.05-2007 AWI Germany Behrendt Chris engineer 26.11.05-2007 AWI /Laeisz Germany Berns Hans-Juergen chiefpilot 16.12.05-13.02.06 DLR Germany Bock Michaela geophysicist 26.11.05-2007 AWI Germany Boebel Olaf scientist 02.12.05-12.01.06 AWI Germany Boebel Tobias engineer 02.12.05-13.02.06 Optimare Germany Bornemann Horst scientist 26.11.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany Brauner Ralf weather forecaster 07.01.06-13.02.06 DWD Germany Bruecklmeier Eric-Roger IT, radiooperator 26.11.05-2007 AWI /Laeisz Germany Brüggemann Marc airchemist 2004-04.02.06 AWI Germany Buchholz Oliver electrician 2004-09.02.06 AWI /Laeisz Germany Buhl Andreas electrician 26.11.05-2007 AWI /Laeisz Germany maintenance Burfeind Mathias technician 26.11.05-04.02.06 Germany company Duecker Jens journalist 26.11.05-04.02.06 Eikon-Südwest Germany maintenance Eron Andreas technician 26.11.05-04.02.06 Germany company Gebhard Regina technician 07.01.06-13.02.06 DLR Germany Gemsa Steffen pilot 16.12.05-13.02.06 DLR Germany Gernandt Hartwig VIP 07.01.06-12.01.06 AWI-Logistics Germany Giedke Kolja Benjamin geophysicist 2004-13.02.06 AWI Germany Grasse Torsten technician 26.11.05-12.01.06 BGR Hannover Germany Hennig Hans-Peter IT, radiooperator 2004-12.01.06 AWI /Laeisz Germany Hoeltig Juergen engineer 07.01.06-13.02.06 Optimare Germany Hoeltz Andre cook 2004-04.02.06 AWI /Laeisz Germany Hofmann Joerg engineer 07.01.06-13.02.06 FIELAX Germany Janneck Juergen engineer 26.11.05-13.02.06 AWI-logistics Germany BMBF, Junker Reinhard VIP 07.01.06-12.01.06 Germany Ministerialdirektor Kindermann Lars scientist 26.11.05-12.01.06 AWI Germany Klinck Holger scientist 02.12.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany Koenig-Langlo Gert scientist 26.11.05-12.01.06 AWI Germany Köttgen Rainer VIP 07.01.06-12.01.06 SfBW, Staatsrat Germany maintenance Medenwald Florian technician 26.11.05-04.02.06 Germany company Meyer Wolfgang physician 2004-04.02.06 AWI Germany Moeller Hans-Joachim weather forecaster 03.11.05-12.01.06 DWD Germany Moeller Andrea airchemist 26.11.05-2007 AWI Germany Mueller-Wrana Tobias geophysicist 26.11.05-2007 AWI Germany Müller Christian scientist 26.11.05-12.01.06 FIELAX Germany Petzel Maja physician 26.11.05-2007 AWI Germany Ploetz Joachim scientist 26.11.05-12.01.06 AWI Germany Rauch Claudia journalist 26.11.05-04.02.06 Eikon-Südwest Germany Riedel Sven scientist 02.12.05-13.02.06 AWI Germany Schartel Harald engineer 2004-09.02.06 AWI /Laeisz Germany Schües Nikolaus VIP 07.01.06-12.01.06 Reederei Laeisz Germany Schultz Corinna cook 26.11.05-2007 AWI /Laeisz Germany Steinhage Daniel scientific leader 02.12.05-13.02.06 AWI Germany Sulzbach Frank technician 26.11.05-04.02.06 maintenance Germany 41 company Thiede Jörn VIP 07.01.06-12.01.06 AWI, Direktor Germany maintenance Vorshelen Axel van technician 26.11.05-12.01.06 Germany company maintenance Waldow Mario technician 26.11.05-04.02.06 Germany company Wellmann J. Florian geophysicist 2004-12.01.06 AWI Germany Witt Ralf technician 02.12.05-04.02.06 AWI-logistics Germany Wolf Alexander technician 02.12.05-13.02.06 DLR Germany Ziffer Albert technician 02.12.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany Zoellner Mathias meteorologist 2004-12.01.06 AWI Germany
Kohnen station (AWI)
Summer season: 03 November 2005 – 06 February 2006
Officers in charge:
Scientific leader: Frank Wilhelms (AWI) Station leader: Cord Drücker (AWI)
16 scientists and 10 technicians stayed at the station during summer season. UK, Russian and German fixed wing were scheduled to land at Kohnen station for transport of personnel and freight in the frame of scientific and logistic co-operation.
Logistic activities report:
The Basler carried 10 technicians from Novo to Kohnen to open the station on the 06. November. 16 scientists and freight were flown from Novo to Kohnen by Basler on the 11. November. The traverse from Neumayer station with the main cargo arrived Kohnen on the 20. December. The drilled ice cores were transported by Twin Otter from BAS to Neumayer station end of January. On the end of the scientific works the traverse left Kohnen station on 26. January 2006. All scientists were carried out with IL 25 in the beginning of February. The station was closed by logistics on 06. February 2006. Polar 2 carried the technicians to Neumayer station.
Institute / Surname Given name Position/profession Stay Country company Ackermann Adolf Cook 03.11.05-13.02.06 AWI /Laeisz Germany Beiersdorf Hans Physician 03.11.05-13.02.05 AWI Germany Birnbaum Gerit meteorological exper. 03.11.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany Blattner Mark Technician 26.11.05-13.02.06 Kaessbohrer Germany Brehme Andreas Technician 03.11.05-13.02.06 AWI /Laeisz Germany Dick Dorothee drillers helper /Impaktor 10.11.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany Druecker Cord Technician 03.11.05-13.02.06 AWI-logistics Germany Faria Sergio Science 10.11.05-04.02.06 AWI / NPI Norway Freitag Johannes science /Micro Tomog. 10.11.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany Frenzel Andreas driller 10.11.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany Fritzsche Diedrich driller 10.11.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany Karlin Torbjoern driller 10.11.05-04.02.06 Uni-Stockholm Sweden
42 Kaufmann Patrik drillers helper 10.11.05-04.02.06 Uni-Bern Germany Kipfstuhl Sepp science 10.11.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany Koehler Jens technician 03.11.05-13.02.06 AWI /Laeisz Germany Krischat Jochen technician 03.11.05-13.02.06 AWI /Laeisz Germany Lambrecht Anja technician 03.11.05-13.02.06 AWI /Laeisz Germany Lawer Gunther driller 10.11.05-04.02.06 AWI /extern Germany Miller Heinz drillers helper 10.11.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany Oerter Hans science 10.11.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany Schubert Holger technician 03.11.05-13.02.06 AWI Germany Stoof Guenter technician 03.11.05-13.02.06 AWI Germany Trimborn Klaus technician 26.11.05-13.02.06 AWI /Laeisz Germany Twarloh Birte drillers helper 10.11.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany Valero- Fernando drillers helper 10.11.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany Delgado Weiler Karin firn air sampling 10.11.05-04.02.06 Uni-Bern Switzerland Wilhelms Frank chief driller 10.11.05-04.02.06 AWI Germany
Dallmann Laboratory (AWI) - annex to Jubany station (Argentina)
Summer season: 02 November 2005 – 06 April 2006 Officers in Charge: Scientific leader: Katja Heise from 02 November 2005 to 06 April 2006
Chief technician: Richard Steinmetz from 02 November 2005 to 05 December 2005 Guido Kleffel from 05 January 2006 to 15 February 2006 Richard Steinmetz from 28 February 2006 to 06 April 2006
Participants:
Institute / Surname Given name Position/profession Stay at Dallmann Country company Heise Katja Scientific leader 02.11.05 – 06.04.06 AWI Germany scientist Abele Doris 02.11.05 –22.11.05 AWI Germany scientist Weihe Ellen 02.11.05 – 06.04.06 AWI Germany scientist Halder Felix 02.11.05 – 10.12.05 AWI Germany scientist Kopp Matthias 15.12.05 – 26.02.06 Uni Jena Danish scientist Nordt Anja 13.01.05 – 26.03.06 Uni Jena Germany scientist Leya Thomas 25.01.06 – 26.02.06 MPI Berlin Germany scientist 25.01.06 – 26.02.06 Remias Daniel Uni Insbruck Germany scientist 15.02.06 – 26.03.06 Wilbert Norbert Uni Bonn Germany scientist 02.11.05 – 06.04.06 Wiencke Christian AWI Germany scientist 02.11.05 – 06.04.06 Thiede Jörn AWI Germany 02.11.05 – 10.12.05 Steinmetz Richard Technician AWI Germany 02.01.05 – 15.02.06 Fiedler Harald Technician AWI Sweden 02.01.05 – 15.02.06 Ferber Thomas Technician AWI Germany 43 02.01.05 – 15.04.06 Kleffel Guido Engineer, logistics AWI Germany 27.03.05 – 06.04.06 Kleffel Guido Engineer, logistics AWI Germany Steinmetz Richard Technician 26.02.05 – 06.04.06 AWI Germany scientist 25.01.06 – 26.01.06 Germany Zimmer Alfons DLR scientist 25.01.06 – 26.01.06 Germany Kiening Rainer DLR scientist 25.01.06 – 26.01.06 Germany Dietrich Eberhart DLR Germany Dinter Wolfgang scientist 05.02 – 09.02.06 UBA
Logistic activities report: During summer season maintenance works have been performed. The four new Laboratories, which were erect in March 2005, were connected to the local supply system.
20 scientists and technicians with 1.25 tons of cargo were transported by plane southbound from Punta Arenas to the Dallmann Laboratory/Jubany station and Bellingshausen. 10 scientists and technicians were transported by plane northbound from Dallmann Laboratory/Jubany Station and Bellingshausen to Punta Arenas (see (b) Aircraft operations). 11 technicians have been transported by the RV Las Palmas (1), MV Hanseatic (5) and RV Polarstern (5) from Maxwell Bay to South America.
Date Nation Vessel name For Jubany For Punta Arenas Pax / cargo Pax / cargo 09 December 2005 Argentina Almirante Irizar 0 / 8000 0 / 0 23 November 2005 Chile Oscar Viel 0/ 300 0 / 0 10 January 2006 Chile DAP Mares 0 / 500 0 / 0 22 January 2006 Spain Las Palmas 0 / 0 1 / 50 26 February 2006 Germany MV Hanseatic 1 / 0 5 / 0 06 April 2006 Germany RV Polarstern 0 / 0 5 / 3000
GARS O’Higgins (DLR) - annex to General Bernardo O’Higgins (Chile)
Director of GARS: Klaus-Dieter Reiniger (DLR / DFD-BI)
Head of campaign(s): Alfons Zimmer (DLR / DFD-BI)
Marcelo Morais (DLR / DFD-BI)
Logistic activities report:
The German Antarctic Receiving Station (GARS O’Higgins is logistically operated as annex to the Chilean station General Bernardo O’Higgins. Additional support (transportation of personnel and material; power supply and inspection of the station during the time between the campaigns) is performed by the Chilean partners. Normally equipment of Chilean Air Force and Navy is used for transportation of personnel and material, as usual within two steps, a) between Punta Arenas (Chile) and Base Frei (King George Island) by FACH C-130 Hercules// FAB C- 130 Hercules// FAU C-130 Hercules // DAP King Air or Dash-7
44 b) between Base Frei and O’Higgins by vessels (POLARSTERN, O.VIEL, LAUTARO, M/S BREMEN) or by FACH DHC-6 Twin Otter, DAP BO-105 Helicopter. In cooperation with AWI also Dallmann/Jubany could be used as an intermediate station for the route from King George Island to Base O’Higgins (Jan. 2006). Occasionally tourist vessels (e.g. M/S HANSEATIC) could be used on the route between Ushuaia (Argentina) and O’Higgins.
Area of Activity:
Due to the characteristic of “remote sensing“, the requirement for the location was the result of the requests of the scientific community and the logistic constraints. A main objective of VLBI is the determination of the movements of the continental plates. Thus it is necessary to be located on the continental plate itself, not at a less stable area near the border (like King George Island). As well the cooperation with Chile/INACH recommended O’Higgins as the preferable location.
Participants: Institute / Surname Given name Position/profession Stay Country Company Morais Marcelo Engineer TF050901 DLR / DFD-B Brazil/Germany Artemenko Ruslan Engineer TF050901 DLR / DFD-BI Uzbekistan Zimmer Alfons Physicist TF050901 DLR / DFD-BI Germany Plötz Christian Engineer TF050901 BKG-Wettzell Germany Wojdziak Reiner Computer Scientist TF050901 BKG – Leipzig Germany Wende Wilfried Engineer TF050901 ESAT Germany Kuttert Renato Technician TF040901 ESAT Brazil
Reiniger Klaus-Dieter Engineer TF060103 DLR / DFD-BI Germany Diedrich Erhard Physicist TF060103 DLR / DFD-BI Germany Zimmer Alfons Physicist TF060103 DLR / DFD-BI Germany Kiening Rainer Engineer TF060103 DLR / DFD-BI Germany Alstetter Holger Geophysicist TF060103 DLR / DFD-BI Germany Plötz Christian Engineer TF060103 BKG-Wettzell Germany Reinhold Andreas Engineer TF060103 BKG - Leipzig Germany Wende Wilfried Engineer TF060103 ESAT Germany Mafra Ivo Technician TF060103 ESAT Brazil
45 Silveira Renato Technician TF060103 ESAT Brazil Da Silva Nelson Technician TF060103 ESAT Brazil
Gondwana (BGR)
Summer season: 27 October 2005 – 06 February 2006 Officer in Charge: Norbert Roland (BGR), Detlef Damaske (BGR) Area of Activity: northern Victoria Land and offshore to the north and east of Cape Hallett Logistic activities report: The helicopter-borne and fixed-wing aeromagnetic investigations took place in the 2005/2006 season. Operational base was the BGR summer station Gondwana (Terra Nova Bay) and a temporary camp on the Edisto Glacier (Cape Hallett area) for fixed-wing operations for this project. A small short-time satellite camp for geological work was established with helicopter support (helicopters based at Gondwana) at Mt Carson (Upper Rennick Glacier area).
27 Oct Arrival of first field team and 2 helicopters (Helicopters NZ) at Gondwana base by Hercules flight (Italian Antarctic programme). 28 Oct Arrival of Twin Otter (Kenn Borek) at Mario Zucchelli Station/Gondwana base. Begin logistic helicopter operations around Gondwana base and to Edisto Glacier. 02 Nov Begin Twin Otter logistic flights to establish Edisto camp. 04 Nov Arrival of second field team at Gondwana base by Hercules flight (Italian Antarctic programme). 05 Nov-31Jan Helicopter supported geological work in the area of northern Victoria Land from Reeves Glacier in the south to the Everett Range in the north. 10 Nov Establishment of Edisto camp. 17 Nov Establishment of Carson camp. 25 Nov-29 Dec Aeromagnetic Survey offshore Cape Hallett/Cape Adare (Twin Otter operations based at Edisto camp). 05 Dec Closing Carson camp 12 Jan Closing Edisto camp 13 Jan Contract with Kenn Borek ends, Twin Otter now with Italian programme at Mario Zucchelli Station. 19 Jan First group leaves Gondwana base transiting to Dumont d'Urville (Twin Otter flight) to leave Antarctica with French vessel L'Astrolabe. 06 Feb Closing Gondwana base; last logistic helicopter operations. Remaining personnel moves to Mario Zucchelli Station 08 Feb Transfer from Mario Zucchelli Station by Twin Otter to Dumont d'Urville to leave Antarctica with French vessel L'Astrolabe.
46 The participants were transported to Mario Zucchelli Station in cooperation with the Italian Antarctic Research programme from Christchurch by aircraft. The return was organized trough the French Polar Institute via Dumont d'Urville by ship to Hobart.
Participants:
Institute / Surname Given name Position/profession Stay Country company Damaske Detlef Geophysicist 27.10.05-27.02.06 BGR Germany Kothe Jürgen Logistics 27.10.05-12.02.06 BGR Germany Möller Heinz-Dieter Technician 27.10.05-12.02.06 BGR Germany Goldmann Felix Technician 27.10.05-12.02.06 BGR Germany Conway Maurice Field guide 27.10.05-12.02.06 Via BGR New Zealand Läufer Andreas Geologist 27.10.05-22.01.06 BGR Germany Clarke Ashley Helicopter pilot 27.10.05-09.12.05 HNZ New Zealand Taylor Angus Helicopter pilot 09.12.05-31.01.06 HNZ New Zealand Barry Steve Helicopter pilot 27.10.05-06.02.06 HNZ New Zealand Bond Shane Helicopter eng. 27.10.05-09.12.05 HNZ New Zealand Gits Robert Helicopter eng. 09.12.05-03.02.06 HNZ New Zealand Baldwin Bob Twin Otter pilot 01.11.05-13.01.06 Kenn Borek Canada Dauenhauer Monica Twin Otter pilot 01.11.05-13.01.06 Kenn Borek Canada McLeod Rob Twin Otter eng. 01.11.05-13.01.06 Kenn Borek Canada Roland Norbert Geologist 04.11.05-27.02.06 BGR Germany Viereck- Lothar Geologist 04.11.05-06.01.06 Uni Jena Germany Götte Schöner Robert Geologist 04.11.05-22.01.06 Uni Jena Germany Bomfleur Benjamin Geologist 04.11.05-12.02.06 Uni Münster Germany Lisker Frank Geologist 04.11.05-22.01.06 Uni Bremen Germany Schneider Jörg Geologist 04.11.05-22.01.06 BAK Freiberg Germany Staite Brian Field guide 04.11.05-12.02.06 Via BGR New Zealand Trapp Michael Journalist 04.11.05-12.02.06 FH Kiel Germany Wagner Henri Journalist 04.11.05-22.01.06 FH Kiel Germany
(d) Field parties and activities in co-operation with other national operators
Station: Dumont d`Urville, France National Operator: IPEV, Technopole Brest Iroise, France
Period: 27 October – 19 December 2005 Project: Foraging behaviour of emperor penguins (AWI) Guest scientist: Ilka Zimmer (AWI) Area of Activity: The emperor penguin breeding colony of Pointe Géologie near the French Antarctic research station Dumont d´Durville in Terre Adélie (66°40´S, 140°00´E), Antarctica.
47 Station: Amundsen-Scott, USA
National operator: National Science Foundation (NSF)
Period: 20 November 2005 – 14 February 2006
Officer in charge: Amundsen-Scott Station: See US report Amanda/IceCube Science: Barwick, Steve, US Spokesman AMANDA, Univ. of California, Irvine, USA Spiering, Christian, Europe Spokesman AMANDA, DESY Zeuthen, Germany Halzen, Francis, PI IceCube, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, USA Hulth, Per-Olof, Spokesman IceCube, University of Stockholm, Sweden Principal Investigator for AMANDA/Pole operation: Robert Morse, University of Wisconsin. USA
Area of Activity: Station area
Guest scientists:
surname given name position/profession stay organization country Walter Michael scientist 30.01-14.02.06 DESY Zeuthen Germany Ackermann Markus scientist 30.01-14.02.06 DESY Zeuthen Germany Voigt Bernhard PhD Student 20.12.05-5.01.06 DESY Zeuthen Germany Leich Holger scientist 11.01.-23.01.06 DESY Zeuthen Germany Tepe Andreas PhD Student 01.12.-20.12.05 Univ. Wupptertal Germany Messarius Timo PhD Student 20.11.-10.12.05 Univ. Dortmund Germany
Station: Bellingshausen Station (Russia) Escudero Station (Chile) Great Wall (China) King Sejong Station (Korea)
Period: 05 December 2005 – 26 March 2006 Over wintering of Anne Fröhlich in the frame of the Russian Antarctic Expedition at Bellingshausen (26 March 2006 till end of 2006)
Project: Biological research on Antarctic seabirds, skuas and Wilson’s storm petrols
Officer in Charge: Hans - Ulrich Peter (University Jena)
Area: Potter Peninsula and Fildes Peninsula including Ardley Island, King George Island
48
Guest scientist:
Institute / Surname Given name Position/profession Stay Country Company Büsser Christina PhD student 10.12.05 – 26.02.06 Jena University Germany Fröhlich Anne Diploma student 27 March to Dec. 06 Jena University Germany Peter Hans Ulrich Scientific leader unknown Jena University Germany Mustafa Osama PhD student 10.12.05 – 26.02.06 Jena University Germany Pfeiffer Simone PhD student 10.12.05 – 24.02.06 Jena University Germany Peter Hans-Ulrich Biologist/ project leader 10.12.05 – 26.02.06 Jena University Germany Ritz Markus PhD student 10.12.05 – 24.02.06 Jena University Germany
Ship cruise: RV Laurence M. Gould, LMG 06-02
National operator: USA Period: 14 February – 16 March 2006 Project: LMG 06-02: Biological Oceanography Guest scientist: Lena von Harbou (AWI)
Ship cruise: RV “Almirante IRIZAR” (2nd and 3rd leg)
National operator: Armada Argentina
Period: 03 January 2006 to 25 March 2006 Guest scientist: Sonja Gütz (AWI) Area of Activity: Weddell Sea and Antarctic Peninsula Base Belgrano 2 (Argentina) 77° 52’ 29” S, 34° 37’ 37” W Base Jubany (Argentina) 62° 14’ 16” S, 58° 39’ 52” W Base San Martín (Argentina) 68° 07’ 47” S, 67° 06’ 12” W
49 Base Orcadas (Argentina) 60° 40’ 22” S, 44° 44’ 17” W Base Esperanza (Argentina) 63° 23’ 42” S, 56° 59’ 46” W Base Marambio (Argentina) 64° 14’ 42” S, 56° 39’ 25” W Schedule: Second leg 03.01.2006 departure Ushuaia 06.01.2006 Base Orcadas i scientific work 17.01.2006 – 20.01.2006 Base Belgrano II scientific work 06.02.2006 Base Orcadas i scientific work 08.02.2006 Base Jubany i scientific work 10.02.2006 arrival Ushuaia
Third leg 13.02.2006 departure Ushuaia 17.02.2006 – 19.02.2006 Base San Martín scientific work 26.02.2006 Base Esperanza scientific work 02.03.2006 – 10.03.2006 Base Marambio i scientific work 15.03.2006 – 17.03.2006 Base Jubany i scientific work 21.03.2006 Base Orcadas i scientific work 25.03.2006 arrival Ushuaia
2.2.2 Non-governmental expeditions
# 1 Ship-based Operation Name of operator Turismo SIM Ltd., Wolf Kloss, Calle Maragaño 168, P.O. Box 6, Puerto Williams, XII Region, Chile Name of vessel S/Y SANTA MARIA Country of registry of vessel Chile Number of voyages 1 # of crew/pax 2/5 Port of departure to Antarctica Puerto Williams (Chile) Port of arrival from Antarctica Puerto Williams (Chile) Date of departure / arrival 11.01.05 / 04.02.05 Areas of operation A1 Landing sites and dates at which these landings took place: # Date Site Type of activity 1 16..01.06 Deception Island Zodiac landing 2 19.01.06 Enterprise Island Zodiac landing 3 20.01.06 Cuverville Island Zodiac landing 4 21.01.06 Danco Island Zodiac landing 5 21.01.06 Base Chilena Videla Zodiac landing 6 21.01.06 Port Charcot Zodiac landing 7 23.01.06 Port Lockroy Zodiac landing 8 24.01.06 Argentine Islands Zodiac landing 9 25.01.06 Peterman Island Zodiac landing 10 26.01.06 Port Lockroy Zodiac landing 11 26.01.06 Dorian Bay Zodiac landing
50 12 27.01.06 Melchior Islands Zodiac landing
# 2 Ship-based Operation Name of operator Henk Boersma, P.O. Box 61, 9410 Ushuaia, Argentina Name of vessel S/Y SARAH W. VORWERK Country of registry of vessel Germany Number of voyages 2 # of crew/pax 2/8 Port of departure to Antarctica Ushuaia (Argentina) Port of arrival from Antarctica Ushuaia (Argentina) Date of departure / arrival 23.12.05 / 20.01.06, 27.01.05 / 21.02.05 Areas of operation A1 & A2 Landing sites and dates at which these landings took place:
VOR Date Site Type of activity 01/05 1 28.12.05 Hannah Point Zodiac landing 2 29.12.05 Deception Island Zodiac landing 3 01.01.06 Enterprice Island Zodiac landing 4 01.01.06 Cuverville Island Zodiac landing 5 02.01.06 Videla Station Zodiac landing 6 03.01.06 Old Palmer Zodiac landing 7 04.01.06 Palmer Station Zodiac landing 8 04.01.06 Torgersen Island Zodiac landing 9 05.01.06 Pleneau Island Zodiac landing 10 05.01.06 Petermann Island Zodiac landing 11 07.01.06 Vernadsky Station Zodiac landing 12 08.01.06 Galindez Island Zodiac landing 13 09.01.06 Wordie Hut Zodiac landing 14 10.01.06 Bertholet Island Zodiac landing 15 10.01.06 Waddington Bay Zodiac landing 16 11.01.06 Port Chargot Zodiac landing 17 12.01.06 Port Lockroy Zodiac landing 18 12.01.06 Wienke Island Zodiac landing
VOR Date Site Type of activity 02/05 1 01.02.06 Hannah Point Zodiac landing 2 02.02.06 Whalers Bay Zodiac landing 3 05.02.06 Petermann Island Zodiac landing 4 06.02.06 Peterman Island Zodiac landing 5 07.02.06 Vernadsky/ Argentine Zodiac landing Islands 6 09.02.06 Torgersen Island Zodiac landing 7 10.02.06 Port Lockroy Zodiac landing 8 12.02.06 Cuverville Island Zodiac landing 9 14.02.06 Paradise Harbour Zodiac landing 10 15.02.06 Omega Island Zodiac landing
51 # 3 Ship-based Operation Name of operator Hapag-Lloyd Kreuzfahrten GmbH, Ballindamm 25, D-20095 Hamburg, Germany Name of vessel MV BREMEN Country of registry of vessel Nassau/Bahamas No. 716244 Number of voyages 6 (BRE 0600 to BRE 0605) Max. # of staff/crew/pax BRE0600: 12/94/164 BRE0601: 12/94/164 BRE0602: 12/94/164 BRE0603: 12/94/164 BRE0604: 12/94/164 BRE0605: 12/94/164 Port of departure to Antarctica BRE0600: Buenos Aires (Argentina) BRE0601 to BRE0605: Ushuaia (Argentina) Port of arrival from Antarctica BRE0600 to BRE0604: Ushuaia (Argentina) BRE0605: Cape Town (South Africa) Date of departure / arrival BRE0600: 16.12.05 / 03.01.06 BRE0601: 03.01.06 / 16.01.06 BRE0602: 16.01.06 / 29.01.06 BRE0603: 29.01.06 / 12.02.06 BRE0604: 12.02.06 / 02.03.06 BRE0605: 02.03.06 / 23.03.06 Areas of operation A1, A2 & A3 Landing sites and dates at which these landings took place:
Time # Date of day Location Site Type of activity BRE 0600 1 29.12.05 A.m. Elephant Zodiac landing Island Cape Lookout (LOOK) 2 29.12.05 P.m. Elephant Zodiac cruising Island Gibbs Island 3 30.12.05 A.m. Deception Zodiac landing, visit Island Whalers Bay (WHAL) of old whaling station 4 30.12.05 P.m. Two Zodiac landing Hummock Islands Hydrurga Rocks 5 31.12.05 A.m. SW Antarctic Petermann Island Zodiac landing Peninsula (PETE) 6 31.12.05 P.m. NW Antarctic Melchior Islands Zodiac cruising Peninsula (MELC) BRE 0601 1 05.01.06 P.m. Elephant Zodiac landing Island Cape Lookout (LOOK) 2 06.01.06 A.m. SH South Zodiac cruising Shetland Isl. Penguin Island (PENG) 3 06.01.06 P.m. King George Arctowski Station Zodiac landing, Is. Vicinity (ARCT) station visit 4 07.01.06 A.m. NE Antarctic Zodiac landing Peninsula Paulet Island (PAUL) 5 07.01.06 P.m. Hope Bay Zodiac landing, (HOPE) Esperanza Station visit 6 08.01.06 P.m. Paradise Almirante Brown Zodiac landing, Hiking
52 Bay (ALMI) to the summit 7 09.01.06 A.m. NW Antarctic Zodiac landing Peninsula Goudier Island 8 09.01.06 P.m. SW Antarctic Petermann Island Zodiac landing Peninsula (PETE) 9 10.01.06 A.m. King George Zodiac landing Island Bellingshausen Station 10 10.01.06 P.m. Greenwich Zodiac landing Island Yankee Harbor 11 11.01.06 A.m. NW Antarctic Melchior Islands Zodiac cruising Peninsula (MELC) 12 11.01.06 P.m. Andvord Bay Neko Harbour (NEKO) Zodiac landing 13 12.01.06 A.m. NW Antarctic Astrolabe Island Zodiac cruising Peninsula (ASTR) 14 12.01.06 P.m. South Zodiac landing Shetlands Half Moon Island 15 13.01.06 A.m. Deception Zodiac landing, visit Island Whalers Bay (WHAL) old whaling station 16 13.01.06 P.m. South Zodiac landing Shetland Islands Aitcho Island (AITC) BRE 0602 1 18.01.06 P.m. Elephant Ship cruise Island Point Wild (WILD) 2 18.01.06 P.m. Elephant Zodiac landing Island Cape Lookout (LOOK) 3 19.01.06 P.m. NE Antarctic Zodiac landing Peninsula Paulet Island (PAUL) 4 19.01.06 P.m. NE Antarctic Zodiac landing Peninsula Devil Island (DEVI) 6 20.01.06 P.m. NE Antarctic Snow Hill Island Zodiac landing Peninsula (SNOW) 7 21.01.06 A.m. NE Antarctic Zodiac landing Peninsula Penguin Point 8 22.01.06 A.m. NW Antarctic Astrolabe Island Zodiac cruising Peninsula (ASTR) 9 23.01.06 P.m. South Zodiac landing Shetlands Cuverville (CUVE) 10 23.01.06 P.m. Andvord Bay Neko Harbor Zodiac landing 11 24.01.06 P.m. SW Antarctic Petermann Island Zodiac landing Peninsula (PETE) 12 24.01.06 P.m. Paradise Almirante Brown Zodiac cruising, Bay (ALMI) Hiking to the summit 13 24.01.06 P.m. Paradiese Zodiac cruising Bay Skontorp Cove 14 25.01.06 A.m. NW Antarctic Zodiac landing Peninsula Goudier Island 15 25.01.06 P.m. NW Antarctic Zodiac cruising Peninsula Melchior Island 16 26.01.06 A.m. Deception Zodiac landing, Island Whalers Bay (WHAL) station visit 17 26.01.06 P.m. Livingston Zodiac landing Island Hannah Point (HANN) 18 26.01.06 P.m. South Zodiac landing Shetlands Half Moon Island
53 BRE 0603 1 03.02.06 P.m. SH South Zodiac landing Shetland Isl. Penguin Island (PENG) 2 04.02.06 A.m. NE Antarctic Paulet Island Zodiac landing 3 04.02.06 P.m. Hope Bay Station visit (HOPE) Esperanza 4 05.02.06 A.m. South Zodiac landing Shetlands Aitcho Island (AITC) 5 05.02.06 P.m. South Half Moon Island Zodiac landing Shetlands (HALF) 6 06.02.06 A.m. Deception Whalers Bay (WHAL) Zodiac landing, visit Island of the old whaling station 7 06.02.06 P.m. Livingston Hannah Point (HANN) Zodiac landing Island 8 07.02.06 A.m. Paradise Almirante Brown Zodiac landing Bay (ALMI) 9 07.02.06 A.m. Paradiese Skontorp Cove Zodiac cruising Bay 10 07.02.06 P.m. SW Antarctic Petermann Island Zodiac landing Peninsula (PETE) 11 08.02.06 A.m. SW Antarctic Prospect Point Zodiac landing Peninsula 12 09.02.06 A.m. NW Antarctic Zodiac landing Peninsula Jugla Point 13 09.02.06 A.m. NW Antarctic Zodiac landing Peninsula Goudier Island 14 09.02.06 P.m. NW Antarctic Melchior Islands Zodiac cruising Peninsula (MELC) BRE 0604 1 South Zodiac landing, Orkney Orcadas Station station visit 22.02.06 A.m. Islands (ORCA) 2 Elephant Zodiac landing 23.02.06 P.m. Island Point Wild (WILD) 3 NE Antarctic Zodiac landing 24.02.06 A.m. Peninsula Paulet Island (PAUL) 4 NW Antarctic Melchior Islands Zodiac cruising 25.02.06 A.m. Peninsula (MELC) 5 W Antarctic Zodiac landing 25.02.06 P.m. Peninsula Goudier Island 6 NW Antarctic Zodiac landing 25.02.06 P.m. Peninsula Jugla Point 7 SW Antarctic Petermann Island Zodiac landing 26.02.06 A.m. Peninsula (PETE) 8 Paradiese Skontorp Cove Zodiac cruising 26.02.06 P.m. Bay 9 Paradise Almirante Brown Zodiac landing 26.02.06 P.m. Bay (ALMI) 10 Deception Whalers Bay (WHAL) Zodiac landing 27.02.06 A.m. Island BRE 0605 1 NW Antarctic Melchior Islands Zodiac cruising 05.03.06 P.m. Peninsula (MELC) 2 05.03.06 P.m. Goudier Island Zodiac landing
54 3 SW Antarctic Petermann Island Zodiac landing 06.03.06 A.m. Peninsula (PETE) 4 Paradiese Skontorp Cove Zodiac cruising 06.03.06 P.m. Bay 5 Paradise Almirante Brown Zodiac landing 06.03.06 P.m. Bay (ALMI) 6 Deception Zodiac landing 07.03.06 A.m. Island Whalers Bay (WHAL) 7 Elephant Zodiac landing 08.03.06 A.m. Island Cape Lookout (LOOK)
# 4 Ship-based Operation Name of operator Hapag-Lloyd Kreuzfahrten GmbH, Ballindamm 25, D-20095 Hamburg, Germany Name of vessel MV HANSEATIC Country of registry of vessel Nassau/Bahamas No. 720407 Number of voyages 5 (HAN 0600 to HAN 0604) Max. # of staff/crew/pax HAN0600: 12/115/188 HAN0601: 12/115/188 HAN0602: 12/115/188 HAN0603: 12/115/188 HAN0604: 12/115/188 Port of departure to Antarctica HAN0600: Cape Town (South Africa), HAN0601 to HAN0604: Ushuaia (Argentina) Port of arrival from Antarctica HAN0600 to HAN 0604: Ushuaia (Argentina) Date of departure and arrival HAN0600: 14.12.05, 05.01.06 HAN0601: 05.01.06, 21.01.06 HAN0602: 21.01.06, 04.02.06 HAN0603: 04.02.06, 22.02.06 HAN0604: 22.02.06, 06.03.06 Areas of operation A1, A2 & A3 Landing sites and dates at which these landings took place:
# Date Time Location Site Type of activity of day HAN 0600 1 South Orkney Coronation 30.12.05 P.m. Islands Island Zodiac cruising 2 Cape Lookout 31.12.05 P.m. Elephant Island (LOOK) Zodiac cruising 3 King George Bellingshausen Science support 01.01.06 A.m. Island Station 4 NE Antarctic Paulet Island Zodiac landing 01.01.06 A.m. Peninsula (PAUL) 5 NE Antarctic Brown Bluff Zodiac landing & cruising 01.01.06 P.m. Peninsula (BROW) 6 Deception Whalers Bay Zodiac landing, visit of the 02.01.06 A.m. Island (WHAL) old whaling station 7 02.01.06 Livingston Hannah Point Zodiac landing P.m. Island (HANN) HAN 0601 1 Aitcho Island Zodiac landing 08.01.06 A.m. South Shetlands (AITC)
55 2 Half Moon Island Zodiac landing 08.01.06 P.m. South Shetlands (HALF) 3 Cuverville Zodiac landing 09.01.06 A.m. South Shetlands (CUVE) 4 Almirante Brown Zodiac landing 09.01.06 P.m. Paradise Bay (ALMI) 5 09.01.06 P.m. Paradiese Bay Skontorp Cove Zodiac cruising 6 SW Antarctic Petermann Zodiac landing 10.01.06 A.m. Pensinsula Island (PETE) 7 NW Antarctic Zodiac landing 10.01.06 P.m. Peninsula Goudier Island 8 Deception Zodiac landing 11.01.06 A.m. Island Baily Head 9 Deception Zodiac landing 11.01.06 P.m. Island Telefon Bay 10 Deception Zodiac landing 11.01.06 P.m. Island Pendulum Cove 11 Livingston Hannah Point Zodiac landing 11.01.06 P.m. Island (HANN) 12 NE Antarctic Paulet Island Zodiac landing 12.01.06 A.m. Peninsula (PAUL) 13 NE Antarctic Devil Island Zodiac cruising 12.01.06 P.m. Peninsula (DEVI) 14 King George Zodiac landing, station visit 13.01.06 A.m. island Jubani (JUBA) 15 South Shetland Penguinn Island Zodiac landing 13.01.06 P.m. Islands (PENG) 16 South Orkney Signy Island Zodiac landing, station visit 15.01.06 A.m. Islands Station HAN 0602 1 Point Wild Zodiac cruising 26.01.06 P.m. Elephant Island (WILD) 2 26.01.06 P.m. Elephant Island Cape Lookout Zodiac landing 3 Livingston Hannah Point Zodiac landing 27.01.06 A.m. Island (HANN) 4 Deception Whalers Bay Zodiac landing, Visit of the 27.01.06 P.m. Island (WHAL) old whaling station 5 Cuverville 28.01.06 A.m. South Shetlands (CUVE) 6 Almirante Brown Zodiac landing & cruising 28.01.06 P.m. Paradise Bay (ALMI) 7 28.01.06 P.m. Paradiese Bay Skontorp Cove Zodiac cruising 8 SW Antarctic Petermann Zodiac landing 29.01.06 A.m. Peninsula Island 9 SW Antarctic Zodiac landing 29.01.06 P.m. Peninsula Yalour Island 10 NW Antarctic Zodiac landing 01.02.06 P.m. Peninsula Goudier Island HAN 0603 1 South Orkney Signy Island Zodiac landing, station visit 14.02.06 P.m. Islands Station 2 South Orkney Zodiac cruising 14.02.06 P.m. Islands Sandefjord Bay 3 Point Wild Zodiac cruising 15.02.06 P.m. Elephant Island (WILD) 4 16.02.06 A.m. South Shetlands Aitcho Island Zodiac landing
56 (AITC) 6 16.02.06 Deception Whalers Bay Zodiac landing, visit of the P.m. Island (WHAL) old whaling station 7 SW Antarctic Petermann Zodiac landing 17.02.06 A.m. Peninsula Island (PETE) 8 SW Antarctic Vernadsky Base Zodiac landing, station visit 17.02.06 P.m. Peninsula (VERN) 9 SW Antarctic Argentine Island Zodiac cruising 17.02.06 P.m. Peninsula Other 10 SW Antarctic Zodiac cruising 17.02.06 P.m. Peninsula Fish Island 11 NW Antarctic Zodiac landing, station visit 18.02.06 A. m. Peninsula Goudier Island 12 Almirante Brown Zodiac landing 18.02.06 P.m. Paradiese Bay (ALMI) 13 18.02.06 P.m. Paradiese Bay Skontorp Cove Zodiac cruising HAN 0604 1 Livingston Hannah Point Zodiac landing 24.02.06 P.m. Island (HANN) 2 Almirantw Brown Zodiac landing 25.03.06 A.m. Paradise Bay (ALMI) 3 25.02.06 P.m. Paradiese Bay Skontorp Cove Zodiac cruising 4 SW Antarctic Petermann Zodiac landing 25.03.06 P.m. Peninsula Island (PETE) 5 Deception Whalers Bay Zodiac landing, visit of the 26.02.06 A.m. Island (WHAL) old whaling station 6 King George Bellingshausen Zodiac landing, Station 26.02.06 P.m. Island Station visit 7 King George Science Support 26.02.06 P.m. Island Jubany 8 Point Wild Ship cruise 28.02.06 A.m. Elephant Island (WILD)
2.3 Permit Information
2.3.1 Visits to Protected Areas
During the reporting period of 01 October 2005 – 30 September 2006, 55 permits were issued under Annex V of the Protocol for scientific purposes:
1) for ASPA 132 (Potter Peninsula) ten (10) permits: Hans-Ulrich Peter, Matthias Koop, Fritz Hertel, Antje Neumann, Wolfgang Dinter, Anja Nord, Doris Abele, Katja Heise, Ellen Weihe and Felix Halder.
2) for ASPA 150 (Ardley Island) twentytwo (22) permits: Hans-Ulrich Peter, Marcus Ritz, Osama Mustafa, Anne Fröhlich, Christina Büßer, Fritz Hertel, Antje Neumann, Wolfgang Dinter, Simone Pfeiffer, Axel Szelinski, Steffen Vogt, Michaela Mayer, Denise Landau, Tania A. Brito, Mariano Memolli, Jiang Xiaodong, Jaeyong Choi, Lee Sang Joon, Victor Pomelov, Maria Gavrilo, Daniel Antunez and Ricardo Roura.
3) for ASPA 125 (Fildes Peninsula) twentythree (23) permits: Hans-Ulrich Peter, Osama Mustafa, Christina Büßer, Markus Ritz, Anne Fröhlich, Simone Pfeiffer, Fritz Hertel, Antje Neumann, Wolfgang Dinter Axel Szelinski, Steffen Vogt, Michaela Mayer, Denise Landau, Tania A. 57 Brito, Mariano Memolli, Jiang Xiaodong, Jaeyong Choi, Lee Sang Joon, Victor Pomelov, Maria Gavrilo, Daniel Antunez and Ricardo Roura.
2.3.2 Taking and harmful interference with flora and fauna
During the period of 01 October 2005 – 30 September 2006, three (3) permits were issued under Annex II of the Protocol for scientific purposes. One permit was issued for catching, ringing, and blood sampling at two different bird species/genera: Oceanites oceanicus (max. 100 Individuals) and Catharacta ssp. (max. 290 Individuals). It was also issued for feeding chicks of Oceanites oceanicus (max. 20 Juveniles), exchanging eggs and injecting ACTH (Adrenocorticotrope hormone) at Catharacta ssp. (max. 20 breeding pairs) and fitting one individual of Catharacta ssp. with satellite transmitters. This permit also includes removing twenty samples of liches and mosses (max. 200 g of dry mass). Location: Fildes Peninsula, Ardley Island and Potter Peninsula, King George Island Title: A) Antarctic Skuas (Catharacta spec.) and their life-history parameters B) Impact of various environmental conditions on the ecology relation to nesting, feeding and population of Wilsons Storm Petrel (Oceanites oceanites) (University of Jena)
Two permits were issued for flying or landing helicopters or other aircraft in a manner that disturbs concentrations of birds and seals. Location: Weddell Sea Topic: A) Validation of CryoSat data in the north western Weddell Sea (AWI) B) Magnetic field mapping in the southern Indian Ocean (AWI)
2.3.3 Introduction of non-native species
None.
2.4 Environmental Information
2.4.1 Compliance with the Protocol
None.
2.4.2 List of IEEs and CEEs
During the period of 01 October 2005 – 30 September 2006, for five licensing procedures, four Initial Environmental Evaluations (IEE), and one Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation (CEE) were conducted, in accordance with Annex I, Article 2, of the Protocol of Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty.
IEE
Cruise activities An IEE concerned 11 tourist cruises with MV Hanseatic and MV Bremen. Based on the IEE, a permit was issued on 13 December 2005.
Scientific activities Two IEEs were conducted for bathymetric research projects using the hydroacoustic systems HYDROSWEEP and PARASOUND. On the basis of the IEEs, permits for these activities were issued on 5 December 2005. An IEE was conducted for a survey on the evolution of glacial-marine sedimentation. Based on the IEE, a permit was issued on 15 December 2005.
CEE Scientific activities A CEE was conducted for Construction of the Neumayer III Station, Operation of the Neumayer III Station, Dismantling of the Existing Neumayer II Station, a permit for this activity was issued on 6 October 2005.
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Category of EIA Permit No activity Type of activity Organisation type issued Scientific activities 1 Station Construction of the Neumayer III Alfred- CEE 06.10.05 construction Station, Operation of the Neumayer Wegener- III Station, Dismantling of the Institut, Existing Neumayer II Station Bremerhaven 2 Bathymetric Bathymetric survey of the bed of Alfred- IEE 05.12.05 survey Amundsen Sea and the ocean west Wegener- of Antarctic Peninsula Institut, Bremerhaven 3 Sediment A survey on the evolution of glacial- Alfred- IEE 15.12.05 survey marine sedimentation in Amundsen Wegener- Sea and South Pacific in order to Institut, quantify glacial-interglacial cycles Bremerhaven 4 Bathymetric Geodynamic and vulcanic evolution IfM GEOMAR IEE 05.12.05 survey of submarine vulcanic areas in Kiel Amundsen Sea and Bellinghausen Sea Cruises 5 11 Cruises with Antarctic tourist cruises of the MV Hapag-Lloyd IEE 13.12.05 zodiak landings Bremen (6 cruises) and MV ltd., Hamburg Hanseatic (5 cruises) – 2005/2006 Annual List of any Initial and Comprehensive Environmental Evaluations
2.4.3 Monitoring activities report
During the period of 01 October 2005 – 30 September 2006, no significant information was obtained from the above-mentioned monitoring procedures.
2.4.4 Waste Management Plans
None.
2.5. Relevant National Legislation None.
2.6 Other Information
2.6.1 Inspection Reports
Report of any inspections conducted under Antarctic Treaty Article VII and Article 14 and Article 10 (Annex V) of the Environmental Protocol during the year giving date of inspection, person(s) conducting inspection, nationality of inspector(s), locations inspected, where inspection report located.
2.6.2 Notice of Activities Undertaken in Case of Emergencies
None.
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