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Layering of Surface Snow and Firn at Kohnen Station, Antarctica – Noise Or Seasonal Signal?
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE Confidential manuscript submitted to replace this text with name of AGU journalprovided by Electronic Publication Information Center Layering of surface snow and firn at Kohnen Station, Antarctica – noise or seasonal signal? Thomas Laepple1, Maria Hörhold2,3, Thomas Münch1,5, Johannes Freitag4, Anna Wegner4, Sepp Kipfstuhl4 1Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473 Potsdam, Germany 2Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, D-28359 Bremen 3now at Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Alten Hafen 26, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany 4Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Alten Hafen 26, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany 5Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany Corresponding author: Thomas Laepple ([email protected]) Extensive dataset of vertical and horizontal firn density variations at EDML, Antarctica Even in low accumulation regions, the density in the upper firn exhibits a seasonal cycle Strong stratigraphic noise masks the seasonal cycle when analyzing single firn cores Abstract The density of firn is an important property for monitoring and modeling the ice sheet as well as to model the pore close-off and thus to interpret ice core-based greenhouse gas records. One feature, which is still in debate, is the potential existence of an annual cycle of firn density in low-accumulation regions. Several studies describe or assume seasonally successive density layers, horizontally evenly distributed, as seen in radar data. -
Polarforschungsagenda Status Und Perspektiven Der Deutschen
Polarforschungsagenda 2030 Status und Perspektiven der deutschen Polarforschung DFG-Statusbericht des Deutschen Nationalkomitees SCAR/IASC Polarforschungsagenda 2030 Status und Perspektiven der deutschen Polarforschung DFG-Statusbericht des Deutschen Nationalkomitees für Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) und International Arctic Science Committee (IASC) Deutsches Nationalkomitee SCAR/IASC Prof. G. Heinemann (Vorsitzender) Universität Trier, Fachbereich Raum- und Umweltwissenschaften Postanschrift: Behringstr. 21, 54296 Trier Telefon: +49/651/201-4630 Telefax: +49/651/201-3817 E-Mail: [email protected] www.scar-iasc.de Juli 2017 Das vorliegende Werk wurde sorgfältig erarbeitet. Dennoch übernehmen Autoren, Herausgeber und Verlag für die Richtigkeit von Angaben, Hinweisen und Ratschlägen sowie für eventuelle Druckfehler keine Haftung. Alle Rechte, insbesondere die der Übersetzung in andere Sprachen, vorbehalten. Kein Teil dieser Publikation darf ohne schrift- liche Genehmigung des Verlages in irgendeiner Form – durch Photokopie, Mikroverfilmung oder irgendein anderes Verfahren – reproduziert oder in eine von Maschinen, insbesondere von Datenverarbeitungsmaschinen, verwendbare Sprache übertra- gen oder übersetzt werden. Die Wiedergabe von Warenbezeichnungen, Handelsnamen oder sonstigen Kennzeichen in diesem Buch berechtigt nicht zu der Annahme, dass diese von jedermann frei benutzt werden dürfen. Vielmehr kann es sich auch dann um eingetragene Warenzeichen oder sonstige gesetzlich geschützte Kennzeichen handeln, wenn sie nicht eigens als solche markiert sind. All rights reserved (including those of translation into other languages). No part of this book may be reproduced in any form – by photoprinting, microfilm, or any other means – nor transmitted or translated into a machine language without written permission from the publishers. Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this book, even when not specifically marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law. -
Memoria Antártica Nacional Campaña Antártica 2014-2015 Santiago Diciembre De 2015 Presentación Del Ministro De Relaciones Exteriores
Memoria Antártica Nacional Campaña Antártica 2014-2015 Santiago Diciembre de 2015 Presentación del Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores Sr. Heraldo Muñoz Valenzuela El 16 de diciembre de 2014, el Consejo de Política Antártica, que tengo el honor de presidir, reunido en Punta Arenas, entregó un mandato a las instituciones antárticas nacionales para la elaboración de una Memoria Antártica Nacional. El documento que presentamos, compilación inédita de las tareas que se desarrollan anualmente en ese continente, da cumplimiento a dicho mandato. El quehacer antártico nacional involucra a un amplio espectro de instituciones, las que destinan personas y recursos a la ejecución de las tareas que nuestra legislación les confiere. Cada una de estas entidades cumple un papel fundamental en el logro de los objetivos establecidos en la Política Antártica Nacional, documento rector de nuestros trabajos. El Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, en su rol de coordinador de la Política Antártica Nacional, ha enfatizado la difusión hacia la ciudadanía de la labor que las instituciones nacionales realizan en ese continente. Junto con describir de manera general las perspectivas que se abren para los intereses nacionales en este ámbito, este documento resalta los profundos vínculos históricos, geográficos y políticos que desde los inicios de nuestra historia patria nos unen con la Antártica. Al presentar esta primera Memoria Anual, es oportuno recordar el destacado papel de Chile durante las negociaciones del Tratado Antártico, instrumento internacional que cumplirá 55 años de vigencia en 2016, a través de sus delegados Marcial Mora, Enrique Gallardo y Julio Escudero; así como durante la evolución de las cuestiones antárticas en el ámbito multilateral, gracias a figuras como Oscar Pinochet de la Barra y Jorge Berguño. -
Chile En La Antártica
MAGÍSTER EN POLÍTICA EXTERIOR CHILE EN LA ANTÁRTICA: NUEVOS DESAFÍOS Y PERSPECTIVAS CHILE José Javier Gorostegui Obanoz - Rodrigo Waghorn Gallegos El programa es impartido por el Instituto de Estudios Avanzados y el Departamento de EN LA Abordando aspectos específicos sobre la acción de nuestro país en el banoz Historia de la Facultad de Humanidades de continente antártico, las dos investigaciones aquí reunidas confieren una O la USACH y busca preparar especialistas excelente oportunidad para apreciar y analizar con detenimiento los elementos con enfoque interdisciplinario en el área que caracterizan la política antártica nacional, así como sus potencialidades y ANTÁRTICA de relaciones internacionales con la idea desafíos en el ámbito político, geográfico y jurídico. Mientras, por una parte, de formular propuestas concretas en José Javier Gorostegui nos plantea el terreno de la aplicación del Derecho del materia de política exterior. Con los años, Nuevos Desafíos Mar y sus implicancias para los intereses y derechos antárticos considerando este programa se ha constituido en un a distintos actores, por otra, Rodrigo Waghorn nos detalla y contextualiza y Perspectivas referente de excelencia en la investigación la amplia estructura organizacional y de gestión pública que implica una y posgrado en Ciencias Sociales y, en permanente renovación de ideas y objetivos para la presencia efectiva de particular, en los estudios internacionales. Los autores en La Haya, 2012 Chile en la Antártica. Gallegos Rodrigo Waghorn Este programa cuenta con el -
Antártica Chilena Province Magallanes and Antártica Chilena Region
ANTÁRTICA CHILENA PROVINCE Magallanes and AntÁrtica Chilena Region Antártica AN ANTARCTICA BIOLOGICAL WITH FORESTS? DIVERSITY The last continent on Earth to be destinations, with landmarks such For most of its history, Antarctica was Thanks to complex interactions, the discovered. as the Russian Orthodox Church of a green continent, full of life, similar vast majority of animal and plant the Holy Trinity and the Monument to what one sees today in southern species are only able to survive on The Antártica Chilena is located about to the Antarctic Treaty. Chile. Warm temperatures were the edges of the southern continent, 1,000 km south of Punta Arenas and BASES FOR AN ICY CONTINENT. the result of a natural greenhouse where they have access to ice-free covers an area of 1,250,000 km², with The differing purposes and needs of phenomenon. However, about 28 land, the nutrients provided by the a very fragmented coastline. Chilean researchers and visitors mean that million years ago, the continent sea, and access to migration routes OTHER DOLPHINS. Hourglass sovereignty in Antarctica is ensured each base established in Antarctica began to become isolated and cool to warmer areas. As a result, many of dolphin, southern right whale by the existence of numerous bases has unique sizes and characteristics, down. First, in the inner mountains, these organisms coexist in relatively dolphin, spectacled porpoise, and shelters, where families are both in terms of infrastructure and then in the valleys and coasts, until small spaces, which sometimes sperm whale, and beaked whales. dedicated to scientific research live. accommodation and in terms of the trees could no longer survive. -
Ice Core Science
PAGES International Project Offi ce Sulgeneckstrasse 38 3007 Bern Switzerland Tel: +41 31 312 31 33 Fax: +41 31 312 31 68 [email protected] Text Editing: Leah Christen News Layout: Christoph Kull Hubertus Fischer, Christoph Kull and Circulation: 4000 Thorsten Kiefer, Editors VOL.14, N°1 – APRIL 2006 Ice Core Science Ice cores provide unique high-resolution records of past climate and atmospheric composition. Naturally, the study area of ice core science is biased towards the polar regions but ice cores can also be retrieved from high .pages-igbp.org altitude glaciers. On the satellite picture are those ice cores covered in this issue of PAGES News (Modifi ed image of “The Blue Marble” (http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov) provided by kk+w - digital cartography, Kiel, Germany; Photos by PNRA/EPICA, H. Oerter, V. Lipenkov, J. Freitag, Y. Fujii, P. Ginot) www Contents 2 Announcements - Editorial: The future of ice core research - Dating of ice cores - Inside PAGES - Coastal ice cores - Antarctica - New on the bookshelf - WAIS Divide ice core - Antarctica - Tales from the fi eld - ITASE project - Antarctica - In memory of Nick Shackleton - New Dome Fuji ice core - Antarctica - Vostok ice drilling project - Antarctica 6 Program News - EPICA ice cores - Antarctica - The IPICS Initiative - 425-year precipitation history from Italy - New sea-fl oor drilling equipment - Sea-level changes: Black and Caspian Seas - Relaunch of the PAGES Databoard - Quaternary climate change in Arabia 12 National Page 40 Workshop Reports - Chile - 2nd Southern Deserts Conference - Chile - Climate change and tree rings - Russia 13 Science Highlights - Global climate during MIS 11 - Greece - NGT and PARCA ice cores - Greenland - NorthGRIP ice core - Greenland 44 Last Page - Reconstructions from Alpine ice cores - Calendar - Tropical ice cores from the Andes - PAGES Guest Scientist Program ISSN 1563–0803 The PAGES International Project Offi ce and its publications are supported by the Swiss and US National Science Foundations and NOAA. -
Italian Contribution to Space Weather
Italian Contribution to Space Weather Vincenzo Romano Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) [email protected] Thanks to: Mauro Messerotti (INAF), Daniele Biron (ITAF-COMET), Paola De Michelis (INGV), Francesca Zuccarello (Uni CT), Alessandro Bemporad (INAF), Ester Antonucci (INAF), Domenico Di Mauro (INGV). Lili Cafarella (INGV), Marco Pietrella (INGV), Anna Milillo (INAF), Francesco Berilli (UniTOV), Marco Stangalini (INAF), Mirko Piersanti (Uni AQ), Federica Marcucci (INAF), Lucilla Alfonsi (INGV), Enrico Zuccheretti (INGV), Massimo Materassi (ISC-CNR), Loredana Perrone (INGV), Stefania Lepidi (INGV), Yenca Migoya-Orue (ICTP), Fabio Reale (UNIPA), Roberto Piazzesi (INAF) Ionosonde and Pamela autoscaling SuperDarn Solar Orbiter Themis UN COPUOS 54rd Session STSC January-February 2017. Outline • Italian strategic Initiatives • Solar physics • Interplanetary space physics • Solar-Terrestrial physics • Upper atmosphere physics Ionosonde and Pamela autoscaling SuperDarn Solar Orbiter Themis Italian Space Weather strategic initiatives Pamela Ionosonde and autoscaling Solar Orbiter SuperDarn Themis World Meteorological Organization Congress Resolution 38 (Cg-17) ― “Four-year Plan for WMO Coordination of Space Weather Activities”. Since 2012 Italy joined the WMO Space Weather initiative Inter-programme Coordination Team on SW, ITAF – INAF - INGV Space Weather italian initiative for operations SW nowcasting and safety support Space Weather knowledge is not only for safety but also for capacity augmentation, as weather. Solar physics to Space Weather Solar Physics activities in Trieste ESA Space Weather Working Team, Steering Board Member European Space Weather Week Programme Committee, Chair NATO Science for Peace (SfP) Project 984894 on “Ionospheric Monitoring”, Co-Director Solar Orbiter/METIS Co-Investigator, Responsible for the Italian segment data handling Solar Physics Group in Catania Personnel V. -
Proposed Construction and Operation of a Gravel Runway in the Area of Mario Zucchelli Station, Terra Nova Bay, Victoria Land, Antarctica
ATCM XXXIX, CEP XIX, Santiago 2016 Annex A to the WP presented by Italy Draft Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation Proposed construction and operation of a gravel runway in the area of Mario Zucchelli Station, Terra Nova Bay, Victoria Land, Antarctica January 2016 Rev. 0 (INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK) TABLE OF CONTENTS Non-technical summary ...................................................................................................................... i I Introduction ........................................................................................................................ i II Need of Proposed Activities .............................................................................................. ii III Site selection and alternatives .......................................................................................... iii IV Description of the Proposed Activity ............................................................................... iv V Initial Environmental Reference State .............................................................................. v VI Identification and Prediction of Environmental Impact, Mitigation Measures of the Proposed Activities .......................................................................................................... vi VII Environmental Impact Monitoring Plan ........................................................................... ix VIII Gaps in Knowledge and Uncertainties ............................................................................. ix -
Strengthening the CEE Process
IP 84 Agenda Item: ATCM 5 CEP 6(b) Presented by: ASOC Original: English Strengthening the CEE Process Attachments: 1 IP 84 Strengthening the CEE Process Information Paper Submitted by ASOC1 to ATCM XXX (CEP Agenda Items 3 & 6; ATCM Agenda Item 5) 1. Introduction The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty establishes generic obligations to prior Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). A three-level EIA regime is established under Protocol Article 8, hinging on the level of impact – less than minor or transitory; minor or transitory; more than minor or transitory. Annex I Environmental Impact Assessment, establishes standards and processes for the corresponding EIA levels: – Preliminary Stage - sometimes termed by Parties: Preliminary Assessment (PA) or Preliminary Environmental Assessment (PEE); – Initial Environmental Assessment (IEE); and – Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation (CEE). Preliminary stage evaluations are left to appropriate national procedures2 and only limited guidance on scope and process is provided for IEEs, which are again left to national procedures3, excepting only that there is a duty to advise on procedures and that an IEE has been done, and any IEE shall be made available on request4. Only with CEEs are substantial obligations in relation to content and process specified; and critically, only with a draft CEE are there obligations to allow international scrutiny of EIA. The draft CEE must be circulated to Parties (who must make it publicly available) and to the Committee for Environmental Protection (CEP) within a timeframe established by the Protocol.5 A substantial case-history for IEE and CEE practice now exists. Through 2006, a total of 517 IEEs have been registered on the cumulative EIA list6 maintained by the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat. -
Proposed Construction and Operation of a Gravel Runway in the Area of Mario Zucchelli Station, Terra Nova Bay, Victoria Land, Antarctica
ATCM XXXVIII, CEP XVIII, Sofia 2015 Annex A to the WP presented by Italy In progress Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation Proposed construction and operation of a gravel runway in the area of Mario Zucchelli Station, Terra Nova Bay, Victoria Land, Antarctica April 2015 Rev. 0 (INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK) TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................... 3 Figures Index ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Non-technical summary ...................................................................................................................... i I Introduction ........................................................................................................................ i II Description of Proposed Activities .................................................................................. iii III Alternatives to the proposed activities ............................................................................. vi IV Initial Environmental Reference State of the Region ...................................................... vi V Identification and Prediction of Environmental Impact, Assessment and Mitigation Measures of the Proposed Activities ............................................................................... vii VI Environmental Management and Environmental Impact Monitoring Plan ................... viii VII Gaps -
Antarctic Treaty
ANTARCTIC TREATY REPORT OF THE NORWEGIAN ANTARCTIC INSPECTION UNDER ARTICLE VII OF THE ANTARCTIC TREATY FEBRUARY 2009 Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................... 1 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Article VII of the Antarctic Treaty .................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Past inspections under the Antarctic Treaty ................................................................................................... 2 1.3 The 2009 Norwegian Inspection...................................................................................................................... 3 2. Summary of findings ...................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................ 6 2.2 Operations....................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.3 Scientific research .......................................................................................................................................... -
1 Inhabiting the Antarctic Jessica O'reilly & Juan Francisco Salazar
Inhabiting the Antarctic Jessica O’Reilly & Juan Francisco Salazar Introduction The Polar Regions are places that are part fantasy and part reality.1 Antarctica was the last continent to be discovered (1819–1820) and the only landmass never inhabited by indigenous people.2 While today thousands of people live and work there at dozens of national bases, Antarctica has eluded the anthropological imagination. In recent years, however, as anthropology has turned its attention to extreme environments, scientific field practices, and ethnographies of global connection and situated globalities, Antarctica has become a fitting space for anthropological analysis and ethnographic research.3 The idea propounded in the Antarctic Treaty System—that Antarctica is a place of science, peace, environmental protection, and international cooperation—is prevalent in contemporary representations of the continent. Today Antarctic images are negotiated within a culture of global environmentalism and international science. Historians, visual artists, and journalists who have spent time in the Antarctic have provided rich accounts of how these principles of global environmentalism and 1 See for instance Adrian Howkins, The Polar Regions: An Environmental History (Cambridge, UK: Polity, 2016). 2 Archaeological records have shown evidence of human occupation of Patagonia and the South American sub-Antarctic region (42˚S to Cape Horn 56˚S) dating back to the Pleistocene–Holocene transition (13,000–8,000 years before present). The first human inhabitants south of 60˚S were British, United States, and Norwegian whalers and sealers who originally settled in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands during the early 1800s, often for relatively extended periods of time, though never permanently 3 See for instance Jessica O’Reilly, The Technocratic Antarctic: An Ethnography of Scientific Expertise and Environmental Governance (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2017); Juan Francisco Salazar, “Geographies of Place-making in Antarctica: An Ethnographic Approach,” The Polar Journal 3, no.