H2020 – Coordination and Support Action BE-OI
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Concentrations, Particle-Size Distributions, and Dry Deposition fluxes of Aerosol Trace Elements Over the Antarctic Peninsula in Austral Summer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 2105–2124, 2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2105-2021 © Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Concentrations, particle-size distributions, and dry deposition fluxes of aerosol trace elements over the Antarctic Peninsula in austral summer Songyun Fan1, Yuan Gao1, Robert M. Sherrell2, Shun Yu1, and Kaixuan Bu2 1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA 2Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA Correspondence: Yuan Gao ([email protected]) Received: 1 July 2020 – Discussion started: 26 August 2020 Revised: 3 December 2020 – Accepted: 8 December 2020 – Published: 12 February 2021 Abstract. Size-segregated particulate air samples were col- sition processes may play a minor role in determining trace lected during the austral summer of 2016–2017 at Palmer element concentrations in surface seawater over the conti- Station on Anvers Island, western Antarctic Peninsula, to nental shelf of the western Antarctic Peninsula. characterize trace elements in aerosols. Trace elements in aerosol samples – including Al, P, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ce, and Pb – were determined by total digestion and a 1 Introduction sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (SF-ICP-MS). The crustal enrichment factors (EFcrust) and Aerosols affect the climate through direct and indirect ra- k-means clustering results of particle-size distributions show diative forcing (Kaufman et al., 2002). The extent of such that these elements are derived primarily from three sources: forcing depends on both physical and chemical properties (1) regional crustal emissions, including possible resuspen- of aerosols, including particle size and chemical composi- sion of soils containing biogenic P, (2) long-range transport, tion (Pilinis et al., 1995). -
Office of Polar Programs
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SURFACE TRAVERSE CAPABILITIES IN ANTARCTICA COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION DRAFT (15 January 2004) FINAL (30 August 2004) National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, Virginia 22230 DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SURFACE TRAVERSE CAPABILITIES IN ANTARCTICA FINAL COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Purpose.......................................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation (CEE) Process .......................................................1-1 1.3 Document Organization .............................................................................................................1-2 2.0 BACKGROUND OF SURFACE TRAVERSES IN ANTARCTICA..................................2-1 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Re-supply Traverses...................................................................................................................2-1 2.3 Scientific Traverses and Surface-Based Surveys .......................................................................2-5 3.0 ALTERNATIVES ....................................................................................................................3-1 -
Mcmurdo STATION MODERNIZATION STUDY Building Shell & Fenestration Study
McMURDO STATION MODERNIZATION STUDY Building Shell & Fenestration Study April 29, 2016 Final Submittal MCMURDO STATION MODERNIZATION STUDY | APRIL 29, 2016 MCMURDO STATION MODERNIZATION STUDY | APRIL 29, 2016 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1: Overview PG. 7-51 Team Directory PG. 8 Project Description PG. 9 Methodology PG. 10-11 Design Criteria/Environmental Conditions PG. 12-20 (a) General Description (b) Environmental Conditions a. Wind b. Temp c. RH d. UV e. Duration of sunlight f. Air Contaminants (c) Graphic (d) Design Criteria a. Thermal b. Air Infiltration c. Moisture d. Structural e. Fire Safety f. Environmental Impact g. Corrosion/Degradation h. Durability i. Constructability j. Maintainability k. Aesthetics l. Mechanical System, Ventilation Performance and Indoor Air Quality implications m. Structural implications PG. 21-51 Benchmarking 3 Section 2: Technical Investigation and Research PG. 53-111 Envelope Components and Assemblies PG. 54-102 (a) Components a. Cladding b. Air Barrier c. Insulation d. Vapor Barrier e. Structural f. Interior Assembly (b) Assemblies a. Roofs b. Walls c. Floors Fenestration PG. 103-111 (a) Methodology (b) Window Components Research a. Window Frame b. Glazing c. Integration to skin (c) Door Components Research a. Door i. Types b. Glazing Section 3: Overall Recommendation PG. 113-141 Total Configured Assemblies PG. 114-141 (a) Roofs a. Good i. Description of priorities ii. Graphic b. Better i. Description of priorities ii. Graphic c. Best i. Description of priorities ii. Graphic 4 (b) Walls a. Good i. Description of priorities ii. Graphic b. Better i. Description of priorities ii. Graphic c. Best i. Description of priorities ii. -
A NEWS BULLETIN Published Quarterly by the NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY (INC)
A NEWS BULLETIN published quarterly by the NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY (INC) An English-born Post Office technician, Robin Hodgson, wearing a borrowed kilt, plays his pipes to huskies on the sea ice below Scott Base. So far he has had a cool response to his music from his New Zealand colleagues, and a noisy reception f r o m a l l 2 0 h u s k i e s . , „ _ . Antarctic Division photo Registered at Post Ollice Headquarters. Wellington. New Zealand, as a magazine. II '1.7 ^ I -!^I*"JTr -.*><\\>! »7^7 mm SOUTH GEORGIA, SOUTH SANDWICH Is- . C I R C L E / SOUTH ORKNEY Is x \ /o Orcadas arg Sanae s a Noydiazarevskaya ussr FALKLAND Is /6Signyl.uK , .60"W / SOUTH AMERICA tf Borga / S A A - S O U T H « A WEDDELL SHETLAND^fU / I s / Halley Bav3 MINING MAU0 LAN0 ENOERBY J /SEA uk'/COATS Ld / LAND T> ANTARCTIC ••?l\W Dr^hnaya^^General Belgrano arg / V ^ M a w s o n \ MAC ROBERTSON LAND\ '■ aust \ /PENINSULA' *\4- (see map betowi jrV^ Sobldl ARG 90-w {■ — Siple USA j. Amundsen-Scott / queen MARY LAND {Mirny ELLSWORTH" LAND 1, 1 1 °Vostok ussr MARIE BYRD L LAND WILKES LAND ouiiiv_. , ROSS|NZJ Y/lnda^Z / SEA I#V/VICTORIA .TERRE , **•»./ LAND \ /"AOELIE-V Leningradskaya .V USSR,-'' \ --- — -"'BALLENYIj ANTARCTIC PENINSULA 1 Tenitnte Matianzo arg 2 Esptrarua arg 3 Almirarrta Brown arc 4PttrtlAHG 5 Otcipcion arg 6 Vtcecomodoro Marambio arg * ANTARCTICA 7 Arturo Prat chile 8 Bernardo O'Higgins chile 1000 Miles 9 Prasid«fTtB Frei chile s 1000 Kilometres 10 Stonington I. -
Polarforschungsagenda Status Und Perspektiven Der Deutschen
Polarforschungsagenda 2030 Status und Perspektiven der deutschen Polarforschung DFG-Statusbericht des Deutschen Nationalkomitees SCAR/IASC Polarforschungsagenda 2030 Status und Perspektiven der deutschen Polarforschung DFG-Statusbericht des Deutschen Nationalkomitees für Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) und International Arctic Science Committee (IASC) Deutsches Nationalkomitee SCAR/IASC Prof. G. Heinemann (Vorsitzender) Universität Trier, Fachbereich Raum- und Umweltwissenschaften Postanschrift: Behringstr. 21, 54296 Trier Telefon: +49/651/201-4630 Telefax: +49/651/201-3817 E-Mail: [email protected] www.scar-iasc.de Juli 2017 Das vorliegende Werk wurde sorgfältig erarbeitet. Dennoch übernehmen Autoren, Herausgeber und Verlag für die Richtigkeit von Angaben, Hinweisen und Ratschlägen sowie für eventuelle Druckfehler keine Haftung. Alle Rechte, insbesondere die der Übersetzung in andere Sprachen, vorbehalten. Kein Teil dieser Publikation darf ohne schrift- liche Genehmigung des Verlages in irgendeiner Form – durch Photokopie, Mikroverfilmung oder irgendein anderes Verfahren – reproduziert oder in eine von Maschinen, insbesondere von Datenverarbeitungsmaschinen, verwendbare Sprache übertra- gen oder übersetzt werden. Die Wiedergabe von Warenbezeichnungen, Handelsnamen oder sonstigen Kennzeichen in diesem Buch berechtigt nicht zu der Annahme, dass diese von jedermann frei benutzt werden dürfen. Vielmehr kann es sich auch dann um eingetragene Warenzeichen oder sonstige gesetzlich geschützte Kennzeichen handeln, wenn sie nicht eigens als solche markiert sind. All rights reserved (including those of translation into other languages). No part of this book may be reproduced in any form – by photoprinting, microfilm, or any other means – nor transmitted or translated into a machine language without written permission from the publishers. Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this book, even when not specifically marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law. -
Revised Records of Atmospheric Trace Gases CO2, CH4, N2O, and Δ13c
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 473–492, 2019 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-473-2019 © Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Revised records of atmospheric trace gases 13 CO2, CH4, N2O, and δ C-CO2 over the last 2000 years from Law Dome, Antarctica Mauro Rubino1,2, David M. Etheridge2, David P. Thornton2, Russell Howden2, Colin E. Allison2, Roger J. Francey2, Ray L. Langenfelds2, L. Paul Steele2, Cathy M. Trudinger2, Darren A. Spencer2, Mark A. J. Curran3,4, Tas D. van Ommen3,4, and Andrew M. Smith5 1School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK 2Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, 3195, Australia 3Australian Antarctic Division, Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania, 7050, Australia 4Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 80, Hobart, Tasmania, 7005, Australia 5Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee, NSW 2232, Australia Correspondence: Mauro Rubino ([email protected]) and David M. Etheridge ([email protected]) Received: 28 November 2018 – Discussion started: 14 December 2018 Revised: 12 March 2019 – Accepted: 24 March 2019 – Published: 11 April 2019 Abstract. Ice core records of the major atmospheric greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4,N2O) and their isotopo- logues covering recent centuries provide evidence of biogeochemical variations during the Late Holocene and pre-industrial periods and over the transition to the industrial period. These records come from a number of ice core and firn air sites and have been measured in several laboratories around the world and show com- mon features but also unresolved differences. -
Station Sharing in Antarctica
IP 94 Agenda Item: ATCM 7, ATCM 10, ATCM 11, ATCM 14, CEP 5, CEP 6b, CEP 9 Presented by: ASOC Original: English Station Sharing in Antarctica 1 IP 94 Station Sharing in Antarctica Information Paper Submitted by ASOC to the XXIX ATCM (CEP Agenda Items 5, 6 and 9, ATCM Agenda Items 7, 10, 11 and 14) I. Introduction and overview As of 2005 there were at least 45 permanent stations in the Antarctic being operated by 18 countries, of which 37 were used as year-round stations.i Although there are a few examples of states sharing scientific facilities (see Appendix 1), for the most part the practice of individual states building and operating their own facilities, under their own flags, persists. This seems to be rooted in the idea that in order to become a full Antarctic Treaty Consultative Party (ATCP), one has to build a station to show seriousness of scientific purpose, although formally the ATCPs have clarified that this is not the case. The scientific mission and international scientific cooperation is nominally at the heart of the ATS,ii and through SCAR the region has a long-established scientific coordination body. It therefore seems surprising that half a century after the adoption of this remarkable Antarctic regime, we still see no truly international stations. The ‘national sovereign approach’ continues to be the principal driver of new stations. Because new stations are likely to involve relatively large impacts in areas that most likely to be near pristine, ASOC submits that this approach should be changed. In considering environmental impact analyses of proposed new station construction, the Committee on Environmental Protection (CEP) presently does not have a mandate to take into account opportunities for sharing facilities (as an alternative that would reduce impacts). -
Surface Characterisation of the Dome Concordia Area (Antarctica) As a Potential Satellite Calibration Site, Using Spot 4/Vegetation Instrument
Remote Sensing of Environment 89 (2004) 83–94 www.elsevier.com/locate/rse Surface characterisation of the Dome Concordia area (Antarctica) as a potential satellite calibration site, using Spot 4/Vegetation instrument Delphine Sixa, Michel Filya,*,Se´verine Alvainb, Patrice Henryc, Jean-Pierre Benoista a Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge´ophysique de l’Environnemlent, CNRS/UJF, 54 rue Molie`re, BP 96, 38 402 Saint Martin d’He`res Cedex, France b Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, CEA/CNRS, L’Orme des Merisiers, CE Saclay, Bat. 709, 91 191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France c Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Division Qualite´ et Traitement de l’Imagerie Spatiale, Capteurs Grands Champs, 18 Avenue Edouard Belin, 33 401 Toulouse Cedex 4, France Received 7 July 2003; received in revised form 10 October 2003; accepted 14 October 2003 Abstract A good calibration of satellite sensors is necessary to derive reliable quantitative measurements of the surface parameters or to compare data obtained from different sensors. In this study, the snow surface of the high plateau of the East Antarctic ice sheet, particularly the Dome C area (75jS, 123jE), is used first to test the quality of this site as a ground calibration target and then to determine the inter-annual drift in the sensitivity of the VEGETATION sensor, onboard the SPOT4 satellite. Dome C area has many good calibration site characteristics: The site is very flat and extremely homogeneous (only snow), there is little wind and a very small snow accumulation rate and therefore a small temporal variability, the elevation is 3200 m and the atmosphere is very clear most of the time. -
Italian Contribution to Space Weather
Italian Contribution to Space Weather Vincenzo Romano Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) [email protected] Thanks to: Mauro Messerotti (INAF), Daniele Biron (ITAF-COMET), Paola De Michelis (INGV), Francesca Zuccarello (Uni CT), Alessandro Bemporad (INAF), Ester Antonucci (INAF), Domenico Di Mauro (INGV). Lili Cafarella (INGV), Marco Pietrella (INGV), Anna Milillo (INAF), Francesco Berilli (UniTOV), Marco Stangalini (INAF), Mirko Piersanti (Uni AQ), Federica Marcucci (INAF), Lucilla Alfonsi (INGV), Enrico Zuccheretti (INGV), Massimo Materassi (ISC-CNR), Loredana Perrone (INGV), Stefania Lepidi (INGV), Yenca Migoya-Orue (ICTP), Fabio Reale (UNIPA), Roberto Piazzesi (INAF) Ionosonde and Pamela autoscaling SuperDarn Solar Orbiter Themis UN COPUOS 54rd Session STSC January-February 2017. Outline • Italian strategic Initiatives • Solar physics • Interplanetary space physics • Solar-Terrestrial physics • Upper atmosphere physics Ionosonde and Pamela autoscaling SuperDarn Solar Orbiter Themis Italian Space Weather strategic initiatives Pamela Ionosonde and autoscaling Solar Orbiter SuperDarn Themis World Meteorological Organization Congress Resolution 38 (Cg-17) ― “Four-year Plan for WMO Coordination of Space Weather Activities”. Since 2012 Italy joined the WMO Space Weather initiative Inter-programme Coordination Team on SW, ITAF – INAF - INGV Space Weather italian initiative for operations SW nowcasting and safety support Space Weather knowledge is not only for safety but also for capacity augmentation, as weather. Solar physics to Space Weather Solar Physics activities in Trieste ESA Space Weather Working Team, Steering Board Member European Space Weather Week Programme Committee, Chair NATO Science for Peace (SfP) Project 984894 on “Ionospheric Monitoring”, Co-Director Solar Orbiter/METIS Co-Investigator, Responsible for the Italian segment data handling Solar Physics Group in Catania Personnel V. -
Proposed Construction and Operation of a Gravel Runway in the Area of Mario Zucchelli Station, Terra Nova Bay, Victoria Land, Antarctica
ATCM XXXIX, CEP XIX, Santiago 2016 Annex A to the WP presented by Italy Draft Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation Proposed construction and operation of a gravel runway in the area of Mario Zucchelli Station, Terra Nova Bay, Victoria Land, Antarctica January 2016 Rev. 0 (INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK) TABLE OF CONTENTS Non-technical summary ...................................................................................................................... i I Introduction ........................................................................................................................ i II Need of Proposed Activities .............................................................................................. ii III Site selection and alternatives .......................................................................................... iii IV Description of the Proposed Activity ............................................................................... iv V Initial Environmental Reference State .............................................................................. v VI Identification and Prediction of Environmental Impact, Mitigation Measures of the Proposed Activities .......................................................................................................... vi VII Environmental Impact Monitoring Plan ........................................................................... ix VIII Gaps in Knowledge and Uncertainties ............................................................................. ix -
Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No
Measure 5 (2014) Annex Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 136 CLARK PENINSULA, BUDD COAST, WILKES LAND, EAST ANTARCTICA Introduction Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) No. 136 is located on Clark Peninsula, Wilkes Land at 66°15'S, 110°36'E (see Map A). The Clark Peninsula was originally designated as Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) No. 17 under Recommendation XIII-8 (1985). A revised management plan for SSSI 17 was adopted under Measure 1 (2000). The area was redesignated and renumbered as ASPA 136 under Decision 1 (2002). Revised ASPA management plans were adopted under Measure 1 (2006) and Measure 7 (2009). ASPA 136 is primarily designated to protect the Clark Peninsula’s largely undisturbed terrestrial ecosystem. This ecosystem possesses one of the most extensive Antarctic flora communities outside of the Antarctic Peninsula and significant breeding populations of Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) and south polar skuas (Catharacta maccormicki). ASPA 136 is approximately 9.4 km2 and is located approximately 5km north-west of Casey station. Scientific research within the Area has focused on plant communities and long term population studies of Adélie penguin colonies. The protection of this flora and fauna within the Area allows for valuable comparison with similar plant communities and penguin colonies closer to Casey station which are subject to greater levels of human disturbance. 1. Description of values to be protected ASPA 136 is primarily designated to protect Clark Peninsula’s largely undisturbed terrestrial ecosystem. Clark Peninsula’s ecosystem possesses one of the most extensive Antarctic flora communities outside of the Antarctic Peninsula. -
Proposed Construction and Operation of a Gravel Runway in the Area of Mario Zucchelli Station, Terra Nova Bay, Victoria Land, Antarctica
ATCM XXXVIII, CEP XVIII, Sofia 2015 Annex A to the WP presented by Italy In progress Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation Proposed construction and operation of a gravel runway in the area of Mario Zucchelli Station, Terra Nova Bay, Victoria Land, Antarctica April 2015 Rev. 0 (INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK) TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................... 3 Figures Index ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Non-technical summary ...................................................................................................................... i I Introduction ........................................................................................................................ i II Description of Proposed Activities .................................................................................. iii III Alternatives to the proposed activities ............................................................................. vi IV Initial Environmental Reference State of the Region ...................................................... vi V Identification and Prediction of Environmental Impact, Assessment and Mitigation Measures of the Proposed Activities ............................................................................... vii VI Environmental Management and Environmental Impact Monitoring Plan ................... viii VII Gaps