Statistical Bulletin September 2021

Child Poverty There is no single definitive measure of Related child poverty. This bulletin looks at several documents measures focusing on child poverty and deprivation. Data is presented for the Kent Indices of Deprivation – looks at how Kent's County Council area and provides national levels of deprivation and regional comparisons where available. (and areas within Kent)

compared to other parts • Using the Children in Low-income Families Local of England Measure 13.6% of children (41,770 children) in Kent are living in absolute low-income families. Benefit Claimants in This is above the South East average of 11.2% but Kent below the England average of 15.7%. This has increased by 12.1% in Kent over the last 5 years Welfare Reform Review (+4,499 children). • 16.3% of children (50,252 children) in Kent are NOTE: within this bulletin living in relative low-income families. This is above ’Kent’ refers to the Kent the South East average of 13.5% but below the County Council (KCC) England average of 19.2%. This has increased in area which excludes Kent by 30.8% over the last 5 years (+11,840 Medway. children). Further Information • There were 9,100 workless households with dependant children in Kent in 2019. Kent Analytics • 6.1% of children in households in Kent live in a Kent County Council workless household. Invicta House • All the top 20 most deprived areas in Kent Maidstone according to the Income Deprivation Affecting Kent Children Index are in coastal areas. ME14 1XX • One area in Thanet is the 5th most deprived in the country for the IMD 2019 indicator measuring children & young people’s education, skills and Email: training (IMD2019). [email protected]

Tel: 03000 417444

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Measures of child poverty and deprivation

Children in Low-income Families The children in low-income families (CiLIF) statistics, provide information on the number and proportion of children living in Relative and Absolute low income Before Housing Costs by local area across Great Britain.

These statistics replace earlier Official Statistics previously published by Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) Children in out-of-work benefit households and HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) Children in low-income families local measure.

With the rollout of Universal Credit and the Higher Income Child Benefit charge, neither of the earlier measures offer an accurate view of children in low-income families at a local level. Both DWP and HMRC announced that a new set of statistics would be developed and published to better meet users’ needs.

The CiLIF measure looks at the number of children in families (not households), where the income is less than 60% of median income before housing costs in both absolute and relative terms. For both measures a family must have claimed one or more of Universal Credit, Tax Credits or Housing Benefit at any point in the year to be classed as low income in these statistics.

Absolute low income is defined as a family in low income before housing costs in the reference year, in comparison with incomes in 2010/11.

Relative low income is defined as a family in low income before housing costs in the reference year.

Background information and the methodology of how the CiLIF are calculated is available from the Department for Work and Pensions on Gov.uk.

The number of children in an area is taken from the Office for National Statistics Mid-Year Population Estimates.

From 2019/20 CiLIF statistics are drawn from a new database "RAPID" (Registration and Population Interaction Database) which provides a single coherent view of citizens' interactions with DWP and HMRC within a tax year for the UK. For 2019/20 an age breakdown is not currently available however, DWP recommend using the age distribution of 2018/19 data which will provide a robust proxy for 2019/20. We have used this methodology to calculate the number of children aged under 16 living in low-income families.

The latest data is for 2019/20. This is provisional and therefore subject to revision.

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Children in workless households (Source: ONS) The Annual Population Survey (APS) from the Office for National Statistics releases an annual dataset looking at households by economic activity status. The APS is a labour force based survey. Due to the sample size figures for districts are statistically unreliable. Figures at county level and above are generally more reliable.

This dataset presents an estimate of the number of households where no individuals aged 16 and over are in employment and have dependent children.

English Indices of Deprivation 2019 (source: MHCLG) The English Indices of Deprivation measure relative levels of deprivation in 32,844 small areas or neighbourhoods, called Lower-layer Super Output Areas, in England.

The English Indices of Deprivation combines information from seven domain indices (which measure different types or dimensions of deprivation) to produce an overall relative measure of deprivation. The domain indices can be used on their own to focus on specific aspects of deprivation.

Among the seven domains is The Education, Skills and Training Deprivation Domain. This measures the lack of attainment and skills in the local population. The indicators fall into two sub-domains: one relating to children and young people and one relating to adult skills.

In addition to the seven domain indices The English Indices of Deprivation also contain supplementary indices concerned with income deprivation among children (IDACI) and older people (IDAOPI).

The income deprivation affecting children index (IDACI) measures the proportion of all children aged 0 to 15 living in income deprived families. It is a subset of the Income Deprivation Domain which measures the proportion of the population in an area experiencing deprivation relating to low income. The definition of low income used includes both those people that are out-of-work, and those that are in work but who have low earnings (and who satisfy the respective means tests).

Further information can be found here: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/english-indices-of-deprivation-2019

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Children in Low-income Families The Children in Low-income Families measure (CiLIF) looks at the number of children in families, where the income is less than 60% of median income before housing costs, in both absolute and relative terms. For both measures a family must have claimed one or more of Universal Credit, Tax Credits or Housing Benefit at any point in the year to be classed as low income in these statistics.

Percentages are calculated using the number of children aged under 16 using the Mid-Year Population Estimates from the Office for National Statistics (ONS).

Children (Aged Under 16) living in absolute low-income families

Absolute low income is defined as a family in low income before housing costs in the reference year, in comparison with incomes in 2010/11. The latest figures for the year 2019/20 are provisional and liable to revision.

In 2019/20, 41,770 children under 16 in Kent were living in absolute low- income families. This is equivalent to 13.6% of the children in the county. While this is below the national level (15.7%) it is higher than the average for the South East Region (11.2%).

Overall, in Kent, the number of children living in absolute low-income families has fallen by 4.6% since the previous year. This is a slightly bigger percentage reduction than is seen in the South East as a whole (-4.2%). Nationally the number has increased by 3.9%.

Thanet district has seen the biggest fall in both number and percentage with 606 fewer children living in absolute low-income families, a fall of 10.4%.

Two districts have seen an increase in children living in absolute low-income families: Tonbridge & Malling (+4.5%, +115 children) and Tunbridge Wells (+2.5%, +52 children).

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Table 1: Children in absolute low-income families in Kent Total Number Chidren Under 16 Living % change children change in Absolute Low Income since aged under since Families 2018/19 2019/20 16 2018/19

Number Number Percentage Number Percentage Ashford 26,862 3,627 13.5% -379 -9.5% Canterbury 26,240 3,402 13.0% -110 -3.1% Dartford 25,371 3,127 12.3% -81 -2.5% Dover 20,716 3,625 17.5% -269 -6.9% Folkestone & Hythe 19,116 3,079 16.1% -162 -5.0% Gravesham 22,883 3,752 16.4% -15 -0.4% Maidstone 34,285 4,238 12.4% -64 -1.5% Sevenoaks 24,419 2,316 9.5% -142 -5.8% Swale 30,491 4,577 15.0% -330 -6.7% Thanet 26,830 5,206 19.4% -606 -10.4% Tonbridge and Malling 27,062 2,657 9.8% 115 4.5% Tunbridge Wells 23,949 2,185 9.1% 52 2.5% Kent 308,224 41,770 13.6% -1,996 -4.6% Medway 58,429 8,878 15.2% -383 -4.1% Kent & Medway 366,653 50,648 13.8% -2,379 -4.5% South East 1,767,424 197,347 11.2% -8,709 -4.2% England 10,816,679 1,694,896 15.7% 64,270 3.9%

Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council Thanet district has the highest number and proportion of children living in absolute low-income families in Kent. Swale has the second highest number and between them they account for almost a quarter of all the children in low- income families in the county (23.4%).

Chart 1 overleaf shows Kent local authorities compared to other local authorities in England.

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Chart 1: Children in absolute low-income families in local authorities in England Percentage of children living in absolute low income families in English local authorities, 2019/20 Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council 33.7% 40.0% ,

35.0% Middlesbrough

30.0%

25.0% 16.1% , , 19.4% , , 16.4% , , 17.5% , , Thanet

20.0% 15.2% 9.8% , , , , 15.0% 13.0% Dover , , , , 13.5% 12.4% England 15.7% , , Gravesham , , Folkestone & Hythe 12.3% 9.1% , , Medway , , Swale

15.0% 9.5% Ashford , , Canterbury Percentage of children under 16 under children of Percentage Maidstone Dartford 4.1% Tonbridge and Malling Sevenoaks , ,

10.0% Tunbridge Wells

5.0% London of City

0.0%

Kent & Medway local authorities England

Four of the local authorities in Kent are above the national average of 15.7%: Thanet (19.4%), Dover (17.5), Gravesham (16.4%) and Folkestone & Hythe (16.1%).

Chart 2 (overleaf) shows the percentage of children in low-income families in Kent districts compared to other authorities in the South East.

Thanet has the highest proportion of children living in absolute low-income families in the South East and Dover the third highest.

The proportion of children living in absolute low-income families in the South East region is 11.2%. All local authorities in Kent are above the South East rate except for Tonbridge & Malling (9.8%), Sevenoaks (9.5%) and Tunbridge Wells (9.1%).

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Chart 2: Children in absolute low-income families in local authorities in the South East Percentage of children living in absolute low income families in the South East, 2019/20 Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council 25.0% 16.1% 19.4% , , , , 16.4% , , 17.5% 20.0% Thanet , , 15.2% , , Dover 15.0% , , Gravesham 9.8% 13.0% Folkestone & Hythe , , , , 13.5% , , 12.4% , , Medway 12.3% Swale 15.0% , 9.1% , , Ashford Canterbury 9.5% , , Maidstone Dartford South East, 11.2% Tonbridge and Malling Tonbridge 10.0% Sevenoaks Tunbridge Wells Tunbridge Percentage of children under 16 under children of Percentage

5.0%

0.0% Hart Arun Adur Swale Dover Lewes Slough Rother Oxford Thanet Havant Woking Ashford Chiltern Crawley Reading Gosport Hastings Dartford Medway Cherwell Fareham Wealden Eastleigh Horsham Waverley Guildford Worthing Tandridge Elmbridge Wycombe Rushmoor Sevenoaks Chichester Maidstone Test Valley Spelthorne Mid SussexMid Canterbury Gravesham Eastbourne New Forest Winchester Mole Valley Portsmouth Runnymede Wokingham South Bucks Isle of Wight Surrey Heath Southampton Milton Keynes Aylesbury Vale West Berkshire East Hampshire Bracknell Forest Tunbridge Wells Epsom and Ewell West Oxfordshire South Oxfordshire Brighton and Hove Folkestone & Hythe Vale of White Horse Reigate and Banstead Tonbridge and Malling Kent local authorities South East Basingstoke and Deane Windsor and Maidenhead Table 2 shows a time series of the number and proportion of children living in absolute low-income families.

The proportion of children in absolute low-income families in Kent has fallen over the last year.

Table 2: Proportion of children who are in absolute low-income families 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 Ashford 3,397 3,343 3,745 3,915 4,006 3,627 13.4% 13.1% 14.4% 14.9% 15.0% 13.5% Canterbury 3,159 3,103 3,367 3,496 3,512 3,402 12.5% 12.2% 13.1% 13.4% 13.4% 13.0% Dartford 2,537 2,605 2,810 3,091 3,208 3,127 11.9% 12.0% 12.6% 13.3% 13.2% 12.3% Dover 3,208 3,157 3,311 3,733 3,894 3,625 16.0% 15.9% 16.6% 18.4% 19.0% 17.5% Folkestone and Hythe 2,821 2,794 3,004 3,107 3,241 3,079 15.0% 14.9% 15.9% 16.4% 17.0% 16.1% Gravesham 3,319 3,286 3,650 3,677 3,767 3,752 15.4% 14.9% 16.5% 16.5% 16.7% 16.4% Maidstone 3,621 3,790 3,932 4,135 4,302 4,238 11.6% 12.0% 12.2% 12.6% 12.7% 12.4% Sevenoaks 2,236 2,108 2,304 2,498 2,458 2,316 9.7% 9.0% 9.7% 10.5% 10.2% 9.5% Swale 4,003 3,767 4,334 4,446 4,907 4,577 14.3% 13.3% 15.0% 15.1% 16.4% 15.0% Thanet 5,074 5,077 5,307 5,336 5,812 5,206 19.5% 19.4% 20.1% 20.0% 21.6% 19.4% Tonbridge and Malling 2,419 2,290 2,339 2,504 2,542 2,657 9.6% 9.0% 9.1% 9.5% 9.5% 9.8% Tunbridge Wells 2,001 1,953 2,050 2,162 2,133 2,185 8.5% 8.3% 8.7% 9.1% 9.0% 9.1% Kent County Council 37,806 37,271 40,152 42,112 43,766 41,770 13.1% 12.8% 13.6% 14.0% 14.4% 13.6% Medway 8,125 8,038 8,722 9,110 9,261 8,878 14.7% 14.4% 15.4% 15.9% 16.0% 15.2% Kent and Medway 45,931 45,309 48,874 51,222 53,027 50,648 13.3% 13.0% 13.9% 14.3% 14.6% 13.8% South East 182,701 181,960 193,425 201,361 206,056 197,347 10.8% 10.7% 11.2% 11.6% 11.7% 11.2% England 1,592,857 1,580,544 1,557,411 1,596,000 1,630,626 1,694,896 15.5% 15.2% 14.8% 15.0% 15.2% 15.7% Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council Children in absolute low-income families data is also available at ward level.

Map 1 shows the proportion of children aged under 16 living in absolute low- income families.

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Map 1: Percentage of children living in absolute low-income families

The highest proportions of children living in absolute low-income families tends to be in the east of the county and some areas in Dartford and Gravesham.

Table 3 shows the number of wards in each district within each Kent quintile.

More than half of the wards in Thanet are within the 20% of wards in Kent with the highest proportion of children in absolute low-income families (those where 16.5% or more children are in absolute low-income families). Tunbridge Wells has no wards within the highest 20%.

Half the wards in Sevenoaks are within the 20% in Kent with the smallest proportion of children in absolute low-income families.

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Table 3: Number of wards within Kent quintiles in each district children in 20% lowest children absolute Total in absolute low low income number 2019/20 income families 20-40% 40-60% 60-80% families of wards Ashford 8 10 7 5 9 39 Canterbury 3 3 7 6 2 21 Dartford 3 6 4 6 1 20 Dover 0 2 4 4 7 17 Folkestone & Hythe 0 1 3 4 5 13 Gravesham 3 3 4 3 5 18 Maidstone 4 7 8 3 4 26 Sevenoaks 13 6 1 5 1 26 Swale 1 2 6 8 7 24 Thanet 0 2 2 6 13 23 Tonbridge & Malling 10 5 6 2 1 24 Tunbridge Wells 9 7 2 2 0 20 Kent Total 54 54 54 54 55 271 Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council The top ten wards in Kent with the highest proportion of children living in absolute low-income families are shown in table 4 Cliftonville West Ward in Thanet has the highest proportion of children living in low-income families (27.2%).

Table 4: Top ten wards in Kent with highest percentage children in absolute low-income families, 2019/20 Ward Name District Number % Cliftonville West Thanet 759 27.2% Dane Valley Thanet 536 26.9% Town & Castle Dover 409 26.0% Tenterden South Ashford 85 25.9% Newington Thanet 355 24.9% Margate Central Thanet 351 23.9% Tower Hamlets Dover 266 23.4% Riverside Gravesham 589 23.4% Folkestone Central Folkestone & Hythe 404 23.0% North Downs Maidstone 87 22.4% Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

The top ten wards in Kent with the highest number of children in absolute low- income families are shown in table 5. Cliftonville West ward in Thanet has the highest number with 759 children in low-income families accounting for 27.2% of the population aged under 16.

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Table 5: Top ten wards in Kent with the highest number of children in absolute low-income families, 2019/20 Ward Name District Number % Cliftonville West Thanet 759 27.2% Sheerness Swale 605 16.8% Riverside Gravesham 589 23.4% Dane Valley Thanet 536 26.9% Northfleet North Gravesham 508 20.7% Temple Hill Dartford 498 15.5% High Street Maidstone 456 18.1% Park Wood Maidstone 456 16.3% East Folkestone Folkestone & Hythe 450 17.1% Singlewell Gravesham 448 21.8% Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

Children in absolute low-income families by age It is possible to look at children in absolute low-income families by age group.

Chart 3: Children living in absolute low-income families: Age Group Proportion of children in absolute low income families in Kent by age group, 2019/20 Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

11 - 15 24.8% 0 - 4 27.3%

5 - 10 29.9%

A higher proportion of children in Kent aged 0-4 are living in absolute low- income families than those in the older age groups. This varies across Kent authorities.

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Thanet has the highest proportion of children in all age groups living in absolute low-income families. Most significantly almost a quarter of children aged 0-4 in Thanet are living in low-income families.

Sevenoaks has the lowest proportion of children aged 0-4 living in absolute low-income families and Tunbridge Wells has the lowest proportion of 5-10 year olds and 11-15 year olds living in absolute low-income families.

Table 6: Children in absolute low-income families: Age group Children in absolute low income 2019/20 families % of all children in age group

0 - 4 5 - 10 11 - 15 0 - 4 5 - 10 11 - 15 Ashford 1,145 1,351 1,128 14.5% 12.8% 13.5% Canterbury 1,098 1,202 1,101 15.2% 11.7% 12.6% Dartford 1,040 1,172 909 12.5% 12.0% 12.6% Dover 1,243 1,288 1,090 20.9% 16.0% 16.2% Folkestone & Hythe 1,001 1,169 905 18.6% 15.1% 15.1% Gravesham 1,308 1,357 1,084 18.5% 15.3% 15.6% Maidstone 1,372 1,621 1,240 12.8% 12.2% 12.0% Sevenoaks 703 861 752 10.1% 8.9% 9.7% Swale 1,648 1,608 1,325 17.9% 13.4% 14.2% Thanet 1,846 1,876 1,479 23.4% 17.9% 17.5% Tonbridge and Malling 823 966 868 10.4% 9.3% 9.9% Tunbridge Wells 651 771 757 10.2% 8.3% 9.1% Kent 13,899 15,246 12,623 15.3% 12.7% 13.0% Medway 3,020 3,243 2,614 16.5% 14.2% 15.1% Kent & Medway 16,918 18,490 15,237 15.5% 12.9% 13.3% South East 62,203 72,267 62,878 11.9% 10.4% 11.4% England 543,142 615,697 536,059 16.5% 14.6% 16.3% Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

Children in absolute low-income families: Family Characteristics Children who are living in poverty are more likely to be living in couple households.

Chart 4 overleaf shows that in Kent 59.5% of children in absolute low-income families are living in a couple household. This is lower than the national average of 62.3 %.

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Chart 4: Children in absolute low-income families in Kent: Family Type Proportion of children in absolute low income families in Kent by family type, 2019/20 Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

Lone Parent 40.7%

Couple 59.5%

Table 7 overleaf shows the equivalent statistics for each Kent district.

Thanet has the highest number and proportion living in couple families (3,404, 65.4%).

Swale (1,899), Thanet (1,818) and Maidstone (1,773) have the highest number of children in absolute low-income families living in lone parent families in Kent.

Sevenoaks has the highest proportion of children in absolute low-income families living with a lone parent (45.7%) while Thanet has the lowest proportion (34.9%).

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Table 7: Children in absolute low-income families: Family Type Percentage of children Children in absolute low 2019/20 in absolute low income income families families by family type

Lone Parent Couple Lone Parent Couple Ashford 1,368 2,262 37.7% 62.4% Canterbury 1,371 2,035 40.3% 59.8% Dartford 1,421 1,710 45.4% 54.7% Dover 1,391 2,240 38.4% 61.8% Folkestone & Hythe 1,288 1,796 41.8% 58.4% Gravesham 1,595 2,163 42.5% 57.6% Maidstone 1,773 2,461 41.8% 58.1% Sevenoaks 1,059 1,259 45.7% 54.3% Swale 1,899 2,674 41.5% 58.4% Thanet 1,818 3,404 34.9% 65.4% Tonbridge and Malling 1,143 1,514 43.0% 57.0% Tunbridge Wells 858 1,331 39.2% 60.9% Kent 16,986 24,866 40.7% 59.5% Medway 3,828 5,057 43.1% 57.0% Kent & Medway 20,812 29,923 41.1% 59.1% South East 75,473 122,254 38.2% 61.9% England 639,265 1,055,836 37.7% 62.3%

Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

Chart 5 (overleaf) shows the proportion of children in absolute low-income families by work status.

70.7% of children in Kent in absolute low-income families are living in a family where at least one parent is in work.

Thanet has the highest number of children living in absolute low-income families that are in work (3,712) and Tonbridge & Malling has the highest proportion (73.8%).

Swale has the highest proportion of children living in absolute low-income families that are out of work (31.6%).

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Chart 5: Children in absolute low-income families in Kent: Work status Proportion of children in absolute low income families in Kent by family work status, 2019/20 Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

Out of work families 28.7%

In work families 70.7%

Table 8: Children in absolute low-income families: Work Status Percentage of children Children in absolute low 2019/20 in poverty by family income families work status Out of In work Out of work In work work families families families families Ashford 2,598 1,010 71.6% 27.9% Canterbury 2,461 925 72.3% 27.2% Dartford 2,210 887 70.7% 28.4% Dover 2,605 1,015 71.9% 28.0% Folkestone & Hythe 2,160 897 70.2% 29.1% Gravesham 2,602 1,128 69.3% 30.0% Maidstone 2,949 1,268 69.6% 29.9% Sevenoaks 1,600 694 69.1% 30.0% Swale 3,099 1,446 67.7% 31.6% Thanet 3,712 1,455 71.3% 28.0% Tonbridge and Malling 1,961 682 73.8% 25.7% Tunbridge Wells 1,591 591 72.8% 27.1% Kent 29,541 11,989 70.7% 28.7% Medway 6,066 2,776 68.3% 31.3% Kent & Medway 35,608 14,764 70.3% 29.2% South East 147,399 49,059 74.7% 24.9% England 1,166,898 526,529 68.8% 31.1% Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

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Children (Aged Under 16) living in relative low-income families

Relative low income is defined as a family in low income before housing costs in the reference year.

50,252 children under 16 in Kent were living in relative low-income families in 2019/20, equivalent to 16.3% of the children in the county. While this is below the national level (19.2%) it is higher than the average for the South East Region (13.5%).

In Kent the number of children living in relative low-income families has fallen since the previous year by 1.7% (-893 children) while nationally there was a 4.8% increase.

Table 9: Children in relative low-income families in Kent Total Number Chidren Living in % change children change Relative Low Income since aged under since Families 2018/19 2019/20 16 2018/19 Number Number Percentage Number Percentage Ashford 26,862 4,360 16.2% -303 -6.5% Canterbury 26,240 4,183 15.9% -41 -1.0% Dartford 25,371 3,775 14.9% 6 0.2% Dover 20,716 4,391 21.2% 12 0.3% Folkestone & Hythe 19,116 3,740 19.6% -24 -0.6% Gravesham 22,883 4,462 19.5% 111 2.5% Maidstone 34,285 5,034 14.7% -95 -1.8% Sevenoaks 24,419 2,776 11.4% -109 -3.8% Swale 30,491 5,467 17.9% -242 -4.2% Thanet 26,830 6,279 23.4% -371 -5.6% Tonbridge and Malling 27,062 3,166 11.7% 66 2.1% Tunbridge Wells 23,949 2,594 10.8% 64 2.5% Kent 308,224 50,252 16.3% -893 -1.7% Medway 58,429 10,676 18.3% -227 -2.1% Kent & Medway 366,653 60,928 16.6% -1,120 -1.8% South East 1,767,424 237,827 13.5% -3,131 -1.3% England 10,816,679 2,077,066 19.2% 94,201 4.8%

Source: DWP Stat Xplore Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council Thanet district had the highest number and proportion of children living in relative low-income families in Kent, however it saw the biggest reduction in number since the previous year (-371 children).

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Five districts saw an increase in the number of children living in relative low- income families: Dartford (+6), Dover (+12), Tunbridge Wells (+64), Tonbridge & Malling (+66) and Gravesham (+111).

Chart 6 shows Kent local authorities and Medway compared to other local authorities in England.

Chart 6: Children in relative low-income families in local authorities in England Percentage of children living in relative low income families in English local authorities, 2019/20 Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE 38.9%

, , Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council 45.0%

40.0% Middlesbrough

35.0%

30.0% 19.6% , , 23.4% , , 19.5% , , 21.2%

25.0% , Thanet 18.3% , , 11.7% Dover 15.9% , , 17.9% , , , , 16.2%

14.7% England, 19.2% Folkestone & Hythe , , Gravesham , , 20.0% 14.9% , , Medway 10.8% Swale , , 11.4% Ashford Canterbury , , Dartford Maidstone Percentage of children under 16 under children of Percentage 15.0% Tonbridge and Malling Sevenoaks 4.5% Tunbridge Wells , , 10.0%

5.0% London of City

0.0%

Kent & Medway local authorities England

Four of the local authorities in Kent are above the national average of 19.2%: Thanet (23.4%), Dover (21.2%), Folkestone & Hythe (19.6%) and Gravesham (19.5%).

Chart 7 (overleaf) shows the percentage of children in relative low-income families in Kent districts compared to other authorities in the South East.

Thanet has the highest proportion of children living in relative low-income families. Dover has the fourth highest proportion in the region.

The proportion of children living in relative low-income families in the South East region is 13.5%. Three of the local authorities in Kent have a proportion below this. These are Tonbridge & Malling (11.7%), Sevenoaks (11.4%) and Tunbridge Wells (10.8%).

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Chart 7: Children in relative low-income families in local authorities in the South East Percentage of children in relative low income families in the South East, 2019/20 19.6% 23.4% , , Source: DWP Stat Xplore , , Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council 25.0% Thanet 21.2% 19.5% , , , , Dover 17.9% Folkestone and Hythe , , Gravesham 20.0% 15.9% , , 16.2% , , 11.7% 14.7% Swale , , , , 14.9% , , Ashford Canterbury 10.8% , , Dartford Maidstone 11.4%

15.0% , South East, 13.5% Tonbridge and Malling Sevenoaks Tunbridge Wells Percentage 10.0%

5.0%

0.0% Hart Arun Adur Swale Dover Lewes Slough Rother Oxford Thanet Havant Woking Ashford Chiltern Crawley Reading Gosport Hastings Dartford Medway Cherwell Fareham Wealden Eastleigh Horsham Waverley Guildford Worthing Tandridge Elmbridge Wycombe Rushmoor Sevenoaks Chichester Maidstone Test Valley Spelthorne Mid SussexMid Canterbury Gravesham Eastbourne New Forest Winchester Mole Valley Portsmouth Runnymede Wokingham South Bucks Isle of Wight Surrey Heath Southampton Milton Keynes Aylesbury Vale West Berkshire East Hampshire Bracknell Forest Tunbridge Wells Epsom and Ewell West Oxfordshire South Oxfordshire Brighton and Hove Vale of White Horse Reigate and Banstead Folkestone and Hythe Tonbridge and Malling Basingstoke and Deane Windsor and Maidenhead Table 10 shows a time series of the number and proportion of children living in relative low-income families.

The proportion of children in relative low-income families has increased in all Kent authorities over the last five years.

Table 10: Proportion of children who are in relative low-income families 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 Ashford 3,326 3,466 4,237 4,430 4,510 4,360 13.1% 13.6% 16.3% 16.8% 16.9% 16.2% Canterbury 3,080 3,204 3,731 3,923 4,082 4,183 12.2% 12.6% 14.5% 15.0% 15.6% 15.9% Dartford 2,470 2,659 3,120 3,474 3,649 3,775 11.6% 12.3% 14.0% 14.9% 15.1% 14.9% Dover 3,136 3,250 3,749 4,229 4,494 4,391 15.7% 16.3% 18.8% 20.9% 21.9% 21.2% Folkestone and Hythe 2,746 2,877 3,359 3,519 3,668 3,740 14.6% 15.3% 17.7% 18.6% 19.2% 19.6% Gravesham 3,220 3,392 4,071 4,070 4,273 4,462 14.9% 15.4% 18.3% 18.3% 19.0% 19.5% Maidstone 3,564 3,907 4,429 4,674 4,930 5,034 11.5% 12.3% 13.7% 14.2% 14.6% 14.7% Sevenoaks 2,202 2,166 2,574 2,784 2,737 2,776 9.5% 9.3% 10.8% 11.7% 11.3% 11.4% Swale 3,884 3,909 4,817 5,065 5,546 5,467 13.9% 13.8% 16.7% 17.2% 18.5% 17.9% Thanet 4,980 5,232 6,091 6,141 6,635 6,279 19.1% 20.0% 23.1% 23.0% 24.7% 23.4% Tonbridge and Malling 2,384 2,331 2,646 2,818 2,908 3,166 9.4% 9.1% 10.2% 10.7% 10.9% 11.7% Tunbridge Wells 1,959 2,004 2,272 2,394 2,435 2,594 8.4% 8.6% 9.6% 10.1% 10.2% 10.8% Kent County Council 36,940 38,412 45,106 47,526 49,877 50,252 12.8% 13.2% 15.3% 15.8% 16.4% 16.3% Medway 7,949 8,280 9,699 10,198 10,622 10,676 14.4% 14.8% 17.1% 17.8% 18.3% 18.3% Kent and Medway 44,889 46,692 54,805 57,724 60,499 60,928 13.0% 13.4% 15.6% 16.2% 16.7% 16.6% South East 178,582 187,425 216,885 226,282 234,612 237,827 10.6% 11.0% 12.6% 13.0% 13.4% 13.5% England 1,580,169 1,684,250 1,786,807 1,914,704 1,953,627 2,077,066 15.3% 16.2% 17.0% 18.0% 18.2% 19.2% Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council Children in low-income families data is also available at ward level.

Map 2 shows the proportion of children aged under 16 in relative low-income families in Kent wards.

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Map 2: Percentage of children in relative low-income families

The highest proportions of children living in relative low-income families tends to be in the east of the county and some areas in Maidstone, Tonbridge & Malling, Dartford and Gravesham.

Table 11 shows the number of wards in each district within each Kent quintile.

Just over half of the wards in Thanet are within the 20% of wards in Kent with the highest proportion of children in relative low-income families (those with 19.9% or more children in relative low-income families). Tunbridge Wells has no wards within the highest 20%.

Half of the wards in Sevenoaks are within the 20% in Kent with the smallest proportion of children in low-income families.

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Table 11: Number of wards within Kent quintiles in each district

20% highest children in 20% lowest children relative low Total in relative low income number 2019/20 income families 20-40% 40-60% 60-80% families of wards Ashford 9 9 5 9 7 39 Canterbury 3 3 5 8 2 21 Dartford 3 6 2 7 2 20 Dover 0 2 4 3 8 17 Folkestone & Hythe 0 1 3 4 5 13 Gravesham 3 4 1 5 5 18 Maidstone 5 10 6 1 4 26 Sevenoaks 13 5 3 3 2 26 Swale 0 3 8 7 6 24 Thanet 0 2 3 6 12 23 Tonbridge & Malling 10 4 8 0 2 24 Tunbridge Wells 8 5 6 1 0 20 Kent Total 54 54 54 54 55 271 Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council The top ten wards in Kent with the highest proportion of children living in relative low-income families are shown in table 12.

Dane Valley ward in Thanet has the highest proportion of children living in relative low-income families (32.6%).

Table 12: Top ten wards in Kent with highest percentage children in relative low-income families, 2019/20 Children All Ward Name District under 16 children Dane Valley Thanet 649 32.6% Town & Castle Dover 511 32.5% Cliftonville West Thanet 887 31.8% Newington Thanet 435 30.6% Tower Hamlets Dover 336 29.6% Tenterden South Ashford 94 28.7% Folkestone Harbour Folkestone & Hythe 404 28.3% Margate Central Thanet 414 28.2% Riverside Gravesham 708 28.2% St Radigunds Dover 491 28.0% Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

The top ten wards in Kent with the highest number of children in low-income families are shown in table 13.

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Cliftonville West ward in Thanet has the highest number with 887 children in low-income families accounting for 31.8% of the population aged under 16.

Table 13: Top ten wards in Kent with the highest number of children in relative low-income families, 2019/20 Children All Ward Name District under 16 children Cliftonville West Thanet 887 31.8% Sheerness Swale 784 21.7% Riverside Gravesham 708 28.2% Dane Valley Thanet 649 32.6% Northfleet North Gravesham 606 24.7% Temple Hill Dartford 590 18.4% East Folkestone Folkestone & Hythe 579 22.1% Park Wood Maidstone 551 19.7% High Street Maidstone 550 21.9% Singlewell Gravesham 522 25.4% Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

Children in relative low-income families by age It is possible to look at children in low-income families by age group.

Chart 8 shows that a slightly higher proportion of those children in Kent living in relative low-income families are between 5 and 10 years old.

Chart 8: Children living in relative low-income families: Age Group Proportion of children in relative low income families in Kent by age group, 2019/20 Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

11 - 15 0 - 4 24.9% 27.0%

5 - 10 30.3%

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A higher proportion of children in Kent aged 0-4 are living in relative low- income families than those in the older age groups. This is reflected in all districts in Kent except for Dartford and Sevenoaks where a slightly higher proportion of 11–15-year-olds are in relative poverty.

Thanet has the highest proportion of children in all groups living in relative low-income families. More than a quarter of 0-4-year olds in Thanet live in relative low-income families, and more than one in five 5-10 and 11-15-year olds.

Tunbridge Wells has the lowest number of children in all age groups living in relative low-income families.

Table 14: Children in relative low-income families: Age group Children in relative low income 2019/20 families % of all children in age group

0 - 4 5 - 10 11 - 15 0 - 4 5 - 10 11 - 15 Ashford 1,356 1,652 1,349 17.1% 15.6% 16.1% Canterbury 1,341 1,504 1,343 18.5% 14.6% 15.4% Dartford 1,251 1,420 1,102 15.0% 14.5% 15.2% Dover 1,491 1,577 1,324 25.1% 19.6% 19.6% Folkestone & Hythe 1,217 1,442 1,088 22.6% 18.6% 18.1% Gravesham 1,539 1,636 1,288 21.8% 18.4% 18.5% Maidstone 1,623 1,920 1,489 15.2% 14.5% 14.4% Sevenoaks 822 1,033 920 11.8% 10.7% 11.9% Swale 1,923 1,944 1,601 20.9% 16.2% 17.2% Thanet 2,187 2,313 1,785 27.8% 22.0% 21.1% Tonbridge and Malling 955 1,157 1,050 12.1% 11.1% 12.0% Tunbridge Wells 767 920 904 12.0% 9.9% 10.9% Kent 16,503 18,523 15,232 18.2% 15.4% 15.7% Medway 3,581 3,936 3,162 19.5% 17.3% 18.2% Kent & Medway 20,084 22,459 18,394 18.4% 15.7% 16.1% South East 74,022 87,679 76,117 14.2% 12.6% 13.8% England 655,693 763,157 658,218 19.9% 18.1% 20.0% Source: DWP Stat Xplore Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

Children in relative low-income families: Family Characteristics Children who are living in poverty are more likely to be living in couple households. This is shown in chart 9.

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Chart 9: Children in relative low-income families in Kent: Family Type Proportion of children in relative low income families in Kent by family type, 2019/20 Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

Lone Parent 41.4%

Couple 58.8%

In Kent 58.8% of children in relative low-income families are living in a couple household. This is lower than the national average of 61.0%.

41.4% of children living in relative low-income families in Kent live in a lone parent household.

Table 15 shows the equivalent statistics for each Kent district.

Thanet has the highest number and proportion living in couple families (4,020, 64%).

Thanet (2,277), Swale (2,323) and Maidstone (2,152) have the highest number of children in low-income families living in lone parent families in Kent.

Sevenoaks has the highest proportion of children in relative low-income families living with a lone parent (46.7%).

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Table 15: Children in low-income families: Family Type Percentage of children Children in relative low 2019/20 in relative low income income families families by family type Lone Parent Couple Lone Parent Couple Ashford 1,677 2,680 38.5% 61.5% Canterbury 1,710 2,479 40.9% 59.3% Dartford 1,717 2,072 45.5% 54.9% Dover 1,745 2,660 39.7% 60.6% Folkestone & Hythe 1,591 2,149 42.5% 57.5% Gravesham 1,898 2,569 42.5% 57.6% Maidstone 2,152 2,879 42.8% 57.2% Sevenoaks 1,296 1,488 46.7% 53.6% Swale 2,323 3,159 42.5% 57.8% Thanet 2,277 4,020 36.3% 64.0% Tonbridge and Malling 1,367 1,811 43.2% 57.2% Tunbridge Wells 1,035 1,563 39.9% 60.2% Kent 20,795 29,552 41.4% 58.8% Medway 4,662 6,029 43.7% 56.5% Kent & Medway 25,455 35,582 41.8% 58.4% South East 93,583 144,623 39.3% 60.8% England 810,658 1,266,562 39.0% 61.0%

Source: DWP Stat Xplore Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

Almost three quarters of children in Kent living in relative low-income families are within a family where at least one parent is in work.

Chart 10: Children in relative low-income families in Kent: Work status Proportion of children in relative low income families in Kent by family work status, 2019/20 Source: DWP Stat Xplore; ONS MYPE Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

Out of work families 26.4%

In work families 73.0%

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Table 16 shows the proportion of children in relative low-income families by family work status in Kent local authorities.

Table 16: Children in relative low-income families: Family Type Percentage of children Children in relative low 2019/20 in relative low income income families families by family work Out of In work Out of work In work work families families families families Ashford 3,210 1,124 73.6% 25.8% Canterbury 3,110 1,038 74.3% 24.8% Dartford 2,780 970 73.6% 25.7% Dover 3,236 1,133 73.7% 25.8% Folkestone & Hythe 2,693 1,017 72.0% 27.2% Gravesham 3,211 1,225 72.0% 27.5% Maidstone 3,618 1,386 71.9% 27.5% Sevenoaks 2,001 748 72.1% 26.9% Swale 3,849 1,593 70.4% 29.1% Thanet 4,601 1,638 73.3% 26.1% Tonbridge and Malling 2,424 737 76.6% 23.3% Tunbridge Wells 1,960 630 75.5% 24.3% Kent 36,681 13,242 73.0% 26.4% Medway 7,541 3,080 70.6% 28.8% Kent & Medway 44,223 16,320 72.6% 26.8% South East 182,266 54,338 76.6% 22.8% England 1,467,969 606,122 70.7% 29.2% Source: DWP Stat Xplore Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council Tonbridge & Malling district has the highest proportion of children in low- income families where the families are in work.

Swale has the highest proportion in out of work families.

Workless households with dependent children Data from the Annual Population Survey shows the number of households with dependent children where no adult is in work. Due to the survey sample size, figures for districts are statistically unreliable. Figures at county level and above are, for the most part, generally more reliable.

It is estimated that 4.6% of households with dependant children have no adult in work. When compared to the South East region (4.4%) a higher proportion of households in Kent are workless with children, however Kent has a lower proportion than England (8.1%).

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Table 18: Workless households with dependent children Number of workless households with dependent children 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Kent 18,500 18,200 21,500 16,900 21,600 16,300 16,200 17,400 12,200 9,500 12,500 9,100 South East 89,900 95,700 98,000 94,200 97,700 86,600 79,100 77,000 63,300 58,300 60,600 50,000 England 836,600 888,400 890,200 876,900 846,800 831,300 753,200 687,400 645,100 592,400 594,900 550,200

Percentage Percentage 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2018 Kent 10.8% 10.7% 12.5% 9.6% 11.6% 9.2% 9.3% 9.5% 6.8% 4.8% 6.4% 4.6% South East 8.8% 9.2% 9.3% 8.9% 9.1% 8.0% 7.3% 7.0% 5.8% 5.3% 5.4% 4.4% England 13.4% 14.0% 14.0% 13.7% 12.9% 12.5% 11.3% 10.3% 9.6% 8.8% 8.8% 8.1%

Source: ONS Annual Population Survey: Households with dependent children and type Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

6.1% of children in households in Kent live in workless households. This is above the regional average (5%) but below the national average (9.1%).

Table 19: Dependent children in workless households 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Kent 36,900 34,400 43,300 30,900 38,100 32,700 36,900 32,900 29,000 24,600 26,300 21,500 South East 179,900 184,700 189,100 177,400 190,400 168,600 156,200 145,600 135,100 121,800 115,400 100,600 England 1,673,700 1,743,200 1,766,600 1,709,300 1,654,100 1,613,600 1,488,200 1,353,300 1,292,600 1,212,900 1,186,600 1,113,100

Percentage of all children in households with dependent children Percentage 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2018 Kent 12.0% 11.5% 14.1% 10.1% 11.8% 10.4% 11.5% 10.1% 8.9% 6.8% 7.3% 6.1% South East 9.8% 10.0% 10.2% 9.7% 10.1% 8.8% 8.2% 7.6% 7.1% 6.3% 5.8% 5.0% England 15.0% 15.6% 15.7% 15.2% 14.3% 13.8% 12.6% 11.4% 10.8% 10.0% 9.8% 9.1%

Source: ONS Annual Population Survey: Households with dependent children and type Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

English Indices of Deprivation 2019 The English Indices of Deprivation, published by the Ministry for Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG), combines information from seven domain indices (which measure different types or dimensions of deprivation) to produce an overall relative measure of deprivation. The domain indices can be used on their own to focus on specific aspects of deprivation.

The Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index In addition to the seven domain indices The English Indices of Deprivation also contain supplementary indices concerned with income deprivation among children (IDACI).

The IDACI measures the proportion of all children aged 0 to 15 living in income deprived families. It is a subset of the Income Deprivation Domain which measures the proportion of the population in an area experiencing deprivation relating to low income. The definition of low income used includes both those people that are out-of-work, and those that are in work but who have low earnings (and who satisfy the respective means tests).

The Index shows the proportion of children in each Lower-layer Super Output Area (LSOA) that live in families that are income deprived; those that are in

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receipt of Income Support, income-based Jobseeker’s Allowance, Pension Credit Guarantee or Child Tax Credit below a given threshold.

Each LSOA is given a score and that score is then ranked against all 32,844 LSOAs nationally. The national rank of Kent LSOAs for the IDACI is presented in Map 3.

Map 3: IDACI (ID 2019): National rank of Kent & Medway LSOAs

The IDACI scores are rates so can be interpreted as the proportion of the relevant population that is ‘income deprived’. For example, a score of 0.24 on the Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index would mean that 24% of children in the area live in income-deprived families.

Table 20 (overleaf) shows the top twenty most deprived areas within the Kent County Council area according to the IDACI. All are within coastal areas, particularly in Swale, Thanet and Folkestone & Hythe, and all are within the top 10% most deprived in the country.

The most deprived area in Kent according to the IDACI is within Sheerness ward in Swale with a score of 0.54 which equates to 54% of children in that area live in income deprived families.

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Table 20: IDACI (ID2019): top 20 most deprived areas in Kent The top 20 most deprived areas within Kent: IDACI Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index Source: English Indices of Deprivation 2019, MHCLG Table presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council A rank of 1 is the most deprived National Within top IDACI K&M rank out of 10% most rank ( out of 32,844 deprived in 1,065 LSOA name Ward Local Authority IDACI Score LSOAs England LSOAs Swale 001A Sheerness Swale 0.539 152 Yes 1 Thanet 006D Dane Valley Thanet 0.524 210 Yes 2 Thanet 013B Newington Thanet 0.51 272 Yes 3 Dover 011F St Radigunds Dover 0.483 420 Yes 4 Thanet 001A Cliftonville West Thanet 0.471 505 Yes 5 Swale 001B Sheerness Swale 0.466 550 Yes 6 Swale 005C Queenborough and HalfSwale 0.461 600 Yes 7 Swale 010C Murston Swale 0.455 643 Yes 8 Thanet 013A Newington Thanet 0.452 673 Yes 9 Shepway 014B Folkestone Central Folkestone & Hythe 0.447 737 Yes 10 Swale 002B Sheerness Swale 0.442 790 Yes 11 Swale 002C Sheerness Swale 0.436 876 Yes 12 Thanet 006C Dane Valley Thanet 0.431 949 Yes 13 Swale 002D Sheerness Swale 0.43 959 Yes 14 Shepway 003C East Folkestone Folkestone & Hythe 0.43 966 Yes 15

Swale 004E Sheppey Central Swale 0.426 1,017 Yes 16 Shepway 014A Folkestone Harbour Folkestone & Hythe 0.425 1,026 Yes 17 Swale 001C Sheerness Swale 0.423 1,058 Yes 18 Dover 012F Castle Dover 0.416 1,180 Yes 19 Shepway 014C Folkestone Central Folkestone & Hythe 0.412 1,234 Yes 20 Shepway local authority changed name to Folkestone & Hythe in 2018 but the LSOAs are still named Shepway

The MHCLG does not publish ward level figures as an additional output. Lower-layer Super Output Areas are a more suitable small area geography than wards for measuring relative deprivation. Wards are much larger than Lower-layer Super Output Areas, vary greatly in size and are prone to regular boundary changes, making them unsuitable as a unit of analysis or for identifying pockets of deprivation. It is, however, possible to calculate ward scores by following MHCLG guidance.

To create an average score for each ward the IMD score is first multiplied by the LSOA population for each LSOA within the ward. These totals are summed and then divided by the population of the ward to create the average score for that ward. The scores are then ranked against all 283 2015 Wards in Kent.

The top 10 most deprived wards in Kent according to the IDACI are presented in table 21 (overleaf).

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Table 21: IDACI: Calculated Ward ranks for 2015 wards in Kent (Excluding Medway) KCC Rank (out of 268 2015 Ward Name Local Authority wards) Newington Thanet 1 Sheerness Swale 2 Stanhope Ashford 3 Dane Valley Thanet 4 Cliftonville West Thanet 5 Folkestone Harbour Folkestone & Hythe 6 Northgate Canterbury 7 Margate Central Thanet 8 St Radigunds Dover 9 Sheppey East Swale 10

Source: Based on the Indices of Deprivation 2019 Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) but calculated by Kent Analytics Kent County Council

Education, Skills and Training Deprivation Within the main English Indices of Deprivation one of the seven domains is The Education, Skills and Training Deprivation Domain. This measures the lack of attainment and skills in the local population.

The indicator falls into two sub-domains: one relating to children and young people and one relating to adult skills. These two sub-domains are designed to reflect the ‘flow’ and ‘stock’ of educational disadvantage within an area respectively. That is, the ‘children and young people’ sub-domain measures the attainment of qualifications and associated measures (‘flow’), while the ‘skills’ sub-domain measures the lack of qualifications in the resident working age adult population (‘stock’).

The children and young people sub-domain creates a score based upon:

• Key Stage 2 attainment: The average points score of pupils taking reading, writing and mathematics Key Stage 2 exams12 • Key Stage 4 attainment: The average capped points score of pupils taking Key Stage 4 • Secondary school absence: The proportion of authorised and unauthorised absences from secondary school • Staying on in education post 16: The proportion of young people not staying on in school or non-advanced education above age 16 • Entry to higher education: A measure of young people aged under 21 not entering higher education.

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Each LSOA is given a score and that score is then ranked against all 32,844 LSOAs nationally.

The national rank of Kent LSOAs for the children and young people sub- domain of education, skills and training is presented in Map 4

Map 4: Children & young people sub-domain: National rank of Kent & Medway LSOAs

14 of the top 20 most deprived areas in Kent, according to the children and young people sub-domain of education, skills and training, are in coastal areas of the county.

The most deprived area in Kent according to this sub-domain is in Cliftonville West ward in Thanet. Nationally it is ranked as the 5th most deprived area in the country.

Table 22 (overleaf) shows the top twenty most deprived areas in Kent based upon the children and young people sub-domain of education, skills and training.

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Table 22: Children & young people sub-domain of Education, Skills & Training: top 20 most deprived areas in Kent The top 20 most deprived areas within Kent: ID2019 Children & young peoples sub domain of Education, Skills & Training

Children and National Young Rank out Kent rank People Sub- of 32,844 out of 902 Lower Super output Area 2015 Ward Local Authority domain Score LSOAs LSOAs Thanet 001A Cliftonville West Thanet 2.736 5 1 Swale 006A Sheppey East Swale 2.419 18 2 Thanet 001B Cliftonville West Thanet 2.173 61 3 Swale 002C Sheerness Swale 2.102 89 4 Swale 001A Sheerness Swale 2.098 90 5 Swale 002A Sheerness Swale 2.089 97 6 Swale 004E Sheppey Central Swale 2.077 100 7 Swale 002B Sheerness Swale 2.044 110 8 Swale 006B Sheppey East Swale 2.005 133 9 Swale 005C Queenborough and HSwale 2.003 134 10 Maidstone 013B Park Wood Maidstone 2.002 137 11 Thanet 001E Margate Central Thanet 1.974 157 12 Ashford 008C Stanhope Ashford 1.952 176 13 Swale 010C Murston Swale 1.944 186 14 Maidstone 013C Shepway North Maidstone 1.898 219 15 Tonbridge and Malling 003A East Malling Tonbridge & Malling 1.891 231 16 Swale 001B Sheerness Swale 1.853 269 17 Tonbridge and Malling 009C Trench Tonbridge & Malling 1.85 274 18 Canterbury 014C Northgate Canterbury 1.832 288 19 Shepway 014A Folkestone Harbour Folkestone & Hythe 1.824 299 20

Source: Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) Presented by: Kent Analytics, Kent County Council

As with the IDACI it is possible to calculate ward level deprivation for the children & young people sub-domain following the DCLG guidelines.

The top 10 most deprived wards in Kent according to the children & young people sub domain are presented in table 23 (overleaf).

Table 23: Children & young people sub-domain of Education, Skills & Training: Calculated 2011 Census Ward ranks in Kent (excluding Medway) Children & Young People Sub-domain KCC Rank (out of 268 2015 Ward Name Local Authority wards) Cliftonville West Thanet 1 Sheerness Swale 2 Stanhope Ashford 3 Sheppey East Swale 4 Margate Central Thanet 5 Park Wood Maidstone 6 Town & Pier Dover 7 Northgate Canterbury 8 Tower Hamlets Dover 9 Newington Thanet 10

Source: Based on the Indices of Deprivation 2019 Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) but calculated by Kent Analytics Kent County Council

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