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Cebu 1(Mun to City)
TABLE OF CONTENTS Map of Cebu Province i Map of Cebu City ii - iii Map of Mactan Island iv Map of Cebu v A. Overview I. Brief History................................................................... 1 - 2 II. Geography...................................................................... 3 III. Topography..................................................................... 3 IV. Climate........................................................................... 3 V. Population....................................................................... 3 VI. Dialect............................................................................. 4 VII. Political Subdivision: Cebu Province........................................................... 4 - 8 Cebu City ................................................................. 8 - 9 Bogo City.................................................................. 9 - 10 Carcar City............................................................... 10 - 11 Danao City................................................................ 11 - 12 Lapu-lapu City........................................................... 13 - 14 Mandaue City............................................................ 14 - 15 City of Naga............................................................. 15 Talisay City............................................................... 16 Toledo City................................................................. 16 - 17 B. Tourist Attractions I. Historical........................................................................ -
SIXTEENTH CONGRESS of the ) REPUBLIC of the PHILIPPINES ) Second Regular Session )
SIXTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE ) REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES ) Second Regular Session ) SENATE P.S. Res. No. 828 Introduced by Senator Antonio "Sonny" F. TrllIanes IV A RESOLUTION URGING THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, THROUGH THE NATIONAL HISTORICAL COMMISSION OF THE PHILIPPINES, TO INCLUDE THE BASIliCA DEL SANTO NnVO OF CEBU IN THE TENTATIVE LIST OF THE PHILIPPINES FOR THE UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE LIST AND TO IMMEDIATELY NOMINATE THE SAME FOR RECOGNITION AS A UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE. WHEREAS, the Basilica Del Santo Nino of Cebu is the oldest Catholic Church established in the Philippines and perhaps the whole of Asia and was the first symbol of Philippine Christianity, having been founded by an Augustinian priest, Rev. Andres de 1 Urdaneta, on April 28, 1565 ; WHEREAS, the Basilica Del Santo Nino of CebU was purportedly built on the spot where the image of the Santo Nino de CebU, a statue depicting the Holy Child Jesus was found in 1565 by Spanish explorers led by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi. The image is the same statue given by Ferdinand Magellan to the wife of Rajah Humabon as a gift over forty years after Humabon's baptism to Christianity on April 14, 1521. The image was found by a Spanish mariner/soldier, Juan de Camus, preserved in a burnt wooden box after Legazpi razed the village of hostile natives; WHEREAS, the Basilica Del Santo Nino of CebU permanently houses the Santo Nino of CebU, said to be the oldest religious relic in the Philippines. The image is one of the most beloved and recognizable cultural icons in the Philippines, found in both religious and secular areas. -
Feminine Power and Catholic Appropriation in the Early Spanish Philippines
‘SHE SERVES THE LORD’ FEMININE POWER AND CATHOLIC APPROPRIATION IN THE EARLY SPANISH PHILIPPINES A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI’I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN HISTORY MAY 2018 By Steven James Fluckiger Thesis Committee: Vina A. Lanzona, Chairperson Barbara Watson Andaya Fabio López Lázaro ABSTRACT This study examines sixteenth and seventeenth century Catholic missionaries in the Philippine Islands appropriating feminine power and social power wielded by indigenous feminine figures to expand Catholic influence and authority. During initial contact, missionaries encountered an island chain dominated by indigenous animism that was headed by the maganito, the animist leaders who were typically female. To supplant this, they used indigenous women and the bayog, maganitos who were assigned the male sex at birth but took on a feminine persona, to act as a spiritual leader and appropriated their social and feminine power to build up the Catholic church and to diminish the influence of animist traditions. The study looks at the role these feminine figures, women and the bayog, played in the Christianization process and the influence they had in their communities. The powers these feminine figures wielded included their status as spiritual figures in their societies, their ability to own and control wealth, their role as owners of slaves, their leverage in marital and sexual relationships, and their influence as upper-class members of society. Through these figures, missionaries converted many indigenous people and encouraged them to remain loyal to the Catholic faith and the Church. -
Ferdinand Magellan's Voyage and Its Legacy in the Philippines
Proceedings of The National Conference On Undergraduate Research (NCUR) 2020 Montana State University, Bozeman MT March 26-28, 2020 Ferdinand Magellan’s Voyage and its Legacy in the Philippines Emma Jackson History Liberty University 1971 University Blvd. Lynchburg, Virginia 24515 USA Faculty Advisor: David Snead Abstract During the fifteenth century, the expanding Spanish empire changed the course of history for the lands that it conquered. The economic and territorial rivalry between the two Iberian powers, Spain and Portugal, led to Ferdinand Magellan’s famed attempt to circumnavigate the globe in 1519. Magellan, the Portuguese explorer sailing for Spain, intended to find a western route to the lucrative Spice Islands, but instead he found himself in the Philippine Islands. Magellan and his crew developed relationships with the Filipino natives and won the first converts to Christianity in the country. In an effort to demonstrate Spanish military power to their new Filipino allies, the Spanish entered into a battle with the Chief Lapu-Lapu, in which Magellan lost his life. This paper seeks to explore the significant cultural and societal impact that Magellan’s expedition left in the Philippines. Magellan’s exploration of the Philippines paved the way for the Spanish colonization of the Philippines, introduced Catholicism and the revered Sto. Nino icon to the islands, and made a national hero of Lapu-Lapu, who still lives on in the memory of the people. This paper analyzes the primary source accounts of Magellan’s voyage, government documents, newspaper articles, and secondary analyses of Filipino oral traditions in an attempt to understand the cultural impact of the first contact with Europeans in the Philippines. -
The Proceedings of the International History of Public Relations Conference 2011
THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL HISTORY OF PUBLIC RELATIONS CONFERENCE 2011 Held at Bournemouth University July 6-7, 2011 Conference Chair: Professor Tom Watson 1 PROCEEDINGS INDEX AUTHOR PAGE PAGE Historiography W. Timothy Coombs Privileging an activist vs. corporate view of public relations 4 & Sherry J. Holladay history in the US Robert Crawford & An ‘outside-in’ PR history: Identifying the role of PR as 19 Jim Macnamara history, culture, and sociology Martin David-Blais PR History: Narrative and Counter-Narrative 38 Ryszard Lawniczak From admiration to critical approach: The historical evolution 56 of post-socialist/communist PR scholarship History & Events John Brummette Trains, chains, blame, and elephant appeal: A case study of 73 the public relations significance of Mary the Elephant Francis X. Carty The influence of state and church on the growth of public 86 relations in post-independent Ireland - 1922 to 1973 Conor McGrath Early journalistic and parliamentary references to ‘lobbying’ 96 and ‘lobbyist’ in the UK Ian Somerville & Public relations and peace-building in a divided society: 124 Shane Kirby Engagement, reconciliation and the ‘Good Friday Agreement’ in Northern Ireland Heather Yaxley Exploring the origins of careers in public relations 144 Lynn M. Zoch, Debra The development of the image of public relations in the New 163 R. Van Tuyll, & Mark York Times – 1904-1934 K. Dolan National Histories Alina Dolea Stages of institutionalization and professionalization of 176 government public relations in Romania 1989 – 2010 Carroll Edwards Mixed models: The growth and development of public 194 relations in Jamaica, West Indies Barbra Natifu & Amos PR in Uganda: The nature, status, understanding and use of 215 Zikusooka PR in Uganda (1890-2009) Inga Pure Development of public relations in Latvia: Prehistory and 240 periods of development Marianne D. -
A Theological Understanding of Power for Poverty
A THEOLOGICAL UNDERSTANDING OF POWER FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN THE PHILIPPINES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO US-BASED FILIPINO PROTESTANTS IN TEXAS A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of Asbury Theological Seminary Wilmore, Kentucky In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Committee Dr. Gregg Okesson, Mentor Dr. Stephen Offutt, Reader By Yohan Hong April 2019 ABSTRACT This study calls attention to the sense of powerlessness of everyday people in the Philippines, and to the missional agency of US-based Filipino Protestants for the transformation of the Philippines. This research has been a journey to discover what kind of power is in play, how the fallen powers can be named and made visible, and then ultimately the ways through which power should be restored. In this process, I referred to the voices, perceptions, stories, and insights of US-based Filipino Protestants in Texas, in order to explore the causes of powerlessness. Through literature review and ethnographic research, two major causes of powerlessness are discovered: structural evil and social imaginary. On one hand, the sense of powerlessness is caused and perpetuated by structural evil. Given the context of the Philippines, structural evil is represented by oppressive and corruptive political power structures (the patrimonial oligarchy, patron-client relations, elitism, and a cacique democracy), and exploitative economic power structures (booty capitalism and neo-patrimonialism). On the other hand, the sense of powerlessness functions at some mythic level in relation to social imaginary. In this study, two different Filipino cultural values, Bahala na and Utang na loob, are investigated as the factors that cause and perpetuate a sense of powerlessness. -
The Philippine Archipelago 1St Edition Free Download
FREE THE PHILIPPINE ARCHIPELAGO 1ST EDITION PDF Yves Boquet | 9783319519258 | | | | | 1st Easter Sunday Mass in PH held in Limasawa: CBCP | Philippine News Agency Magellan and his slave is The Philippine Archipelago 1st edition hard and cloudy topic to cover as there is so little evidence coming directly from the possible navigators; nothing is known beyond what Antonio Pigafetta wrote of Magellan and Enrique of Malacca on the day of the massacre, May 1st of With this, it is hard to come up with an answer, but also difficult to give Magellan full credit. Ferdinand Magellan was the man who led the first European voyage to circumnavigate the world. By sailing around the globe he proved that Earth was round. The Character Counts Pillars Magellan represented. Cebu City is one of the finest travel destinations in the Philippines. It is the main center of commerce and industry in Visayas. Goods are cheap in Cebu that the reason for vistors stay in this place. Fort San Pedro, one of the known tourist spots in Cebu, is a Spanish camp built. The Philippines is an archipelago that consists of 7, islands with a total land area ofsquare kilometerssq mi. The Philippine archipelago is divided into three island groups: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. History[edit] First steps[edit] Several thousand years ago, the first settlers in the Philippines crossed shallow seas and land bridges from mainland Asia to arrive in this group of islands. To judge whether Magellan deserves all the credit writer gives him, it should be clarified what kind of people should deserve such credits. -
The Philippines' Moro Conflict: the Problems and Prospects In
THE PHILIPPINES’ MORO CONFLICT: THE PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS IN THE QUEST FOR A SUSTAINABLE PEACE A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of The School of Continuing Studies and of The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Liberal Studies By Mary Beatrice Hernandez, B.A. Georgetown University Washington, D.C. April 14, 2017 THE PHILIPPINES’ MORO CONFLICT: THE PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS IN THE QUEST FOR A SUSTAINABLE PEACE Mary Beatrice Hernandez, B.A. MALS Mentor: Joseph P. Smaldone, Ph.D. ABSTRACT The Moro conflict is a multifaceted, highly complex matter, emanating from centuries of profound societal fragmentation and divisions. In the decades since the conflict began, the Philippine government—with aid from international mediators, civil society, and non-governmental organizations—has drafted and reached various accords with Moro non-state armed groups, namely the Moro National Liberation Front and Moro Islamic Liberation Front. Negotiations, while broadly unsuccessful in achieving long-term peace, have at least been able to shift the insurgent groups’ demands from secession to increased autonomy within the Philippine state. Nevertheless, the violent, extremely protracted conflict remains at an impasse. Many feel that the prospects for peace are dwindling by the minute as the conflict continues to devastate the Mindanao region. For the Moro people, the conflict is representative of their ongoing effort to recover their sovereignty, an objective that the liberation fronts -
Looking for Interpreter Zero: (2) Enrique, Magellan's Slave
Looking for interpreter zero: (2) Enrique, Magellan’s slave interpreter How Enrique, a Malay-speaker acquired by Magellan during the siege of Malacca, became an interpreter and go-between as the expedition searched for the Spice Islands. Christine ADAMS. Published: February 21, 2013 Last updated: December 2, 2015 Much of what we know about the fleet initially led by Ferdinand Magellan 1519-1522 comes from the man he recruited as his chronicler, Antonio Pigafetta. Without him we would know much less about the fate of the five ships and the 270 men on board. He was one of the first travel-writers, had an interest in languages and was involved in trade and negotiations throughout the expedition. His lively account of the journey includes many references to Magellan’s Malay-speaking slave, Enrique. Magellan had acquired Enrique during the 1511 siege of Malacca. He had travelled back to Europe with his master, was with him at his first meeting with the Spanish Privy Council in Seville in 1517 and is mentioned in the will Magellan drew up before he set sail – he was to be freed and receive a legacy. He was included in the expedition as Magellan thought he would be useful if and when the expedition reached the Spice Islands. In March 1521, having discovered his eponymous Strait and named and sailed the Pacific, Magellan had his three remaining vessels dock at what he mistakenly believed to be the Spice Islands. Enrique did not understand anything said by any of the natives he met: they were in fact in what was to become the Philippines. -
2011 PY Early Development, Rediscovery and Colonization Of
1 Early Development, Rediscovery, and Colonization of the Philippines Introduction T he Philippines has colorful traces of the past. From early and prehistoric period to the present, it has come out to be steadfast in coping with the challenges of transition from ancient practices to modern ideas. Yet as technological advancement continues to dictate the way people live in this modern era, it is still eminent that Filipinos’ knowledge of their ancestry and environment will never be lost as shown by a culture of varied influences obtained from its conquerors and emancipators. 1.1 Origin of the Philippines No single theory or evidence has unraveled the truth behind the Philippines’ prehistoric past. However, newborn proofs are leading to more discoveries on how the country and its people came about. Geological theories. It is believed that a period of violent tectonic activities had formed the Philippine archipelago. The upheaval of crumbling, folding, and cracking of the sea floor shaped the landscape into uneven heights and lush green tropical forests. Land formations bolster geologists’ theories on the Philippines. Northern Luzon appears to have been two separate islands and the Sulu archipelago seems to have been tacked on to a much larger Mindanao. The most popular and most accepted theory on the Philippines’ origin is that it was part of Asia’s continental shelf known as the Sunda Shelf. The world’s ice melted during the post-Glacial Age, causing the sea level to rise and submerge lower regions of the earth, including the land bridges adjoining the Philippine islands to other parts of Asia. -
A Study of Aurelio Tolentino's Articulation of Nationalism
i YESTERDAY, TODAY, AND TOMORROW: A STUDY OF AURELIO TOLENTINO’S ARTICULATION OF NATIONALISM AND IDENTITY THROUGH THEATRE IN THE PHILIPPINES DURING THE AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD Lily Ann B. Villaraza, Ph.D. Department of History Northern Illinois University, 2017 Trude Jacobsen, Director This dissertation centers on the importance of cultural production to the process of creating a coherent national identity and a unified political state in the Philippines. More specifically, I will examine role of theatre in relation to the general development of the nation and the state through Aurelio Tolentino’s plays Luhang Tagalog and Kahapon, Ngayon, at Bukas. The Philippines and Filipino people pose a unique case study in the formation of both a specific and coherent national identity and an independent political state space because of geography, varied cultural influences, linguistic diversity, and colonial past. Because of these factors, it is a wonder that a coherent Philippine state exists, much less the generally accepted notion of a Filipino national identity. I argue that cultural production, particularly theatre, actively championed the broader acceptance of a singular Filipino national identity and individual belonging to a collective state at one of the most critical moment in Philippine history; the exit of Spanish colonial rule, the entrance of American imperial rule, and active assertion of political independence of the Philippine Islands by and for the Filipino people. The knowledge formation and critical dialogue occurring through theatre nurtured the notion of a Filipino national identity and buoyed the possibility of a Philippine state across the diverse linguistic and geographic terrain of the archipelago in opposition to the emerging American empire. -
*17 May16 , P5 4S
■ tfiffirf ofUK fT'-.-rj-fnrp SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES First Regular Session *17 MAY 16 , P54S RECtlVtO by. SENATE COMMITTEE REPORT NO. 81 Submitted by the Committee on Education, Arts and CultureMAY 1on 6 2017 Re: Senate Bill No. 108 Recommending its approval without amendment. Sponsor: Senators Escudero and Gordon MR. PRESIDENT: The Committee on Education, Arts and Culture to which was referred Senate Bill No. 108, introduced by Senator Richard J. Gordon, entitled: "AN ACT DECLARING APRIL 27 OF EVERY YEAR AS A SPECIAL WORKING PUBLIC HOLIDAY THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY TO COMMEMORATE THE VICTORY OF LAPU-LAPU AND HIS MEN OVER THE SPANIARDS LED BY FERDINAND MAGELLAN IN THE HISTORIC BATTLE OF MACTAN ON APRIL 27,1521, TO BE KNOWN AS LAPU-LAPU DAY OR ADLAW NI LAPU-LAPU" has considered the same and has the honor to report it back to the Senate with the recommendation that it be approved without amendments. Respectfully submitted: SEN. FRANCIS G. ESCUDERO Chairperson Vice Chainjersons: SEN. SONNY M. ANGARA SEN. WIN GAtCHALIAN SEN. JOLX VILLANUEVA SEN. PAOLO BENIONO AQUINO IV SEN. JOSEPH VICTOR G. EJERCITO Members: SEN. MARIA LOUROES NANCY S. BINAY SEN. RICHARD SEN. /ACE POE SEN. LOREN B. LEGARDA SEN. EMMANUEL NNY" D. PACQUIAO SEN. CYNTHIA A. VILLAR ^ v \ ‘dJJtrvutltnxCf^ SEN. ANTCpNlO "SONNY" F. TRILLANES IV SEN. RISA HONTIVEROS^^ SEN. FRANCIS "KIKO" PANGILINAN Ex-Officio Members: SEN. \N K L IN m TDRILON SEN. VICENTE C. SOTTO III Senate'Minority Floor Leader Senate Majority Floor Leader SEN. RALPH G. RECTO Senate President Pro-Tempore HON. AQUILINO "KOKO" PIMENTEL III Senate President SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE ) DATE: REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES ) First Regular Session ) SENAT BILLS S.