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The Master Plan Study on Forest Management for Disaster Prevention in the Northern Pacific Region in the Republic of Nicaragua

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The Master Plan Study on Forest Management for Disaster Prevention in the Northern Pacific Region in the Republic of Nicaragua No. THE MASTER PLAN STUDY ON FOREST MANAGEMENT FOR DISASTER PREVENTION IN THE NORTHERN PACIFIC REGION IN THE REPUBLIC OF NICARAGUA FINAL REPORT OCTOBER, 2004 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT JAPAN FOREST TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATION SANYU CONSULTANTS INC. GE JR 04-015 THE MASTER PLAN STUDY ON FOREST MANAGEMENT FOR DISASTER PREVENTION IN THE NORTHERN PACIFIC REGION IN THE REPUBLIC OF NICARAGUA FINAL REPORT OCTOBER, 2004 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT JAPAN FOREST TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATION SANYU CONSULTANTS INC. PREFACE In response to a request from the Government of Nicaragua, the Government of Japan decided to conduct a study on the Master Plan on Forest Management for Disaster Prevention in the Northern Pacific Region in the Republic of Nicaragua and entrusted to the study to the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). JICA selected and dispatched a study team headed by Mr. Noriyuki Anyoji of the Japan Forest Technology Association and consists of the Japan Forest Technology Association and Sanyu Consultants Inc., between December, 2000 and July, 2004. The team held discussions with the officials concerned of the Government of Nicaragua and conducted field surveys at the study area. Upon returning to Japan, the team conducted further studies and prepared this final report. I hope that this report will contribute to the promotion of this project and to the enhancement of friendly relationship between our two countries. Finally, I wish to express my sincere appreciation to the officials concerned of the Government of Nicaragua for their close cooperation extended to the study. October, 2004 Etsuo KITAHARA, Vice President Japan International Cooperation Agency LETTER OF TRANSMITANCE October, 2004 Mrs. Sadako OGATA President Japan International Cooperation Agency Dear Mrs. OGATA The study to formulate the Master Plan on Forest Management for Disaster Prevention in the Northern Pacific Region in the Republic of Nicaragua has now been completed and the Final Report for the Study is submitted herewith. This report compiles the findings of various surveys and analyses, the formulated Master Plan and relevant manuals conducted in the period from December, 2000 to July, 2004 by a joint venture formed by the Japan Forest Technology Association and Sanyu Consultants Inc. accordance with the contract concluded with the Japan International Cooperation Agency. Through this study, the Master Plan on Forest Management Plan for Disaster Prevention designed to improve the soil and water conservation functions of forests through participatory forest management has been formulated together with the Guidelines for Formulation of Forest Management Action Plan for Disaster Prevention explaining how to prepare an action plan and the Community Guidance Manuals explaining how to implement an action plan, prepared in accordance with the said Guidelines, for each community. Moreover, the Pilot Study for the experimental implementation of the Master Plan with the initiative of local residents was conducted in nine communities. During the implementation process of this Pilot Study, efforts were made to enhance the awareness of these local residents in view of sustaining the activities. The final Master Plan incorporates the lessons and important points learned from the Pilot Study. It is sincerely hoped that the Forest Management Plan for Disaster Prevention, Guidelines and Community Guidance Manuals will be put into practice with the conscious efforts of those in Nicaragua to improve the conditions of forests in Nicaragua, thereby contributing to disaster prevention and the development of the country. On behalf of the Study Team members, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude for the useful guidance and assistance provided to the Study Team by officials of the Japan International Cooperation Agency, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries throughout the study period. The Study Team members greatly appreciate the valuable advice and assistance they received in Nicaragua from officials of the JICA-Nicaragua Office, the Embassy of Japan, the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Forestry and the Institute of National Forestry. Noriyuki Anyoji Team Leader Study Team of the Joint Venture for the Master Plan Study on Forest Management for Disaster Prevention in the Northern Pacific Region in the Republic of Nicaragua Location Map of the Study Area 1. Explanation of Inception Report to INAFOR 2. Municipal profile survey officials 3. Rural survey by RRA 4. Pilot study (Participatory planning） 5. Pilot study (Communal nursery activity） 6. Pilot study (Eucalyptus forest planted in October 2002, 2-year-old) 7. Pilot study (Soil conservation work） 8. Pilot study (Forest fire prevention campaign） 9. Pilot study (Home garden） 10. Pilot study (Improved stove） 11. Pilot study (Final evaluation workshop) 12. Technology transfer seminar CONTENTS Preface Letter of Transmitance Location Map of the Study Area Photos List of Figures and Tables Abbreviation Summary Part I Outline of the Study Chapter 1 Background of the Study and Other Related Matters............................................1 1.1 Background of the Study ..............................................................................................1 1.2 Objectives of the Study.................................................................................................2 1.3 Study Area....................................................................................................................2 1.4 Study Flow....................................................................................................................2 Chapter 2 Present Situation of the Study Area.......................................................................4 2.1 Natural Conditions........................................................................................................4 2.2 Socio-economic Conditions........................................................................................12 2.3 Forest Management and Forest Use ...........................................................................32 Part II Master Plan on Forest Management for Disaster Prevention Chapter 1 Forest Management Plan for Disaster Prevention...............................................55 1.1 Objectives of the Plan.................................................................................................55 1.2 Concept of Plan Formulation......................................................................................57 1.2.1 Appropriate Forest Management.....................................................................57 1.2.2 Master Plan Targets.........................................................................................63 1.3 Common Plans............................................................................................................68 1.3.1 Natural Forest Management Plan....................................................................68 1.3.2 Reforestation Plan...........................................................................................75 1.3.3 Soil Conservation Plan....................................................................................80 1.3.4 Forest Protection Plan .....................................................................................93 1.3.5 Livelihood Improvement Plan.........................................................................98 1.3.6 Disaster Prevention Reforestation Site Maps................................................105 1.4 Planning by Municipality (Project Volumes and Project Costs, etc.) ......................107 1.5 Development of Implementation System .................................................................142 1.6 Project Evaluation.....................................................................................................174 Chapter 2 Guidelines for Formulation of Forest Management Action Plan for Disaster Prevention............................................................................................187 2.1 Basic Concept of Guidelines for Formulation of Action Plan..................................187 2.2 Guidelines for Formulation of Action Plan ..............................................................187 2.2.1 Preliminary Study on Communities ..............................................................188 2.2.2 Formulation of Action Plan...........................................................................194 2.2.3 Organization Operation and Development of Implementation System ........215 2.2.4 Estimated Costs.............................................................................................220 Chapter 3 Recommendations .............................................................................................221 Part III Pilot Study Report Chapter 1 Outline of the Pilot Study..................................................................................229 1.1 Purposes of the Pilot Study.......................................................................................229 1.2 Target Communities of the Pilot Study ....................................................................229 1.3 Pilot Study................................................................................................................231 1.3.1 Stages of the Pilot Study ...............................................................................231
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