El Limon Gold Mine Analyst Site Visit December 2019
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Master Plan Study on Forest Management for Disaster Prevention in the Northern Pacific Region in the Republic of Nicaragua
No. THE MASTER PLAN STUDY ON FOREST MANAGEMENT FOR DISASTER PREVENTION IN THE NORTHERN PACIFIC REGION IN THE REPUBLIC OF NICARAGUA FINAL REPORT OCTOBER, 2004 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT JAPAN FOREST TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATION SANYU CONSULTANTS INC. GE JR 04-015 THE MASTER PLAN STUDY ON FOREST MANAGEMENT FOR DISASTER PREVENTION IN THE NORTHERN PACIFIC REGION IN THE REPUBLIC OF NICARAGUA FINAL REPORT OCTOBER, 2004 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT JAPAN FOREST TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATION SANYU CONSULTANTS INC. PREFACE In response to a request from the Government of Nicaragua, the Government of Japan decided to conduct a study on the Master Plan on Forest Management for Disaster Prevention in the Northern Pacific Region in the Republic of Nicaragua and entrusted to the study to the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). JICA selected and dispatched a study team headed by Mr. Noriyuki Anyoji of the Japan Forest Technology Association and consists of the Japan Forest Technology Association and Sanyu Consultants Inc., between December, 2000 and July, 2004. The team held discussions with the officials concerned of the Government of Nicaragua and conducted field surveys at the study area. Upon returning to Japan, the team conducted further studies and prepared this final report. I hope that this report will contribute to the promotion of this project and to the enhancement of friendly relationship between our two countries. Finally, I wish to express my sincere appreciation to the officials concerned of the Government of Nicaragua for their close cooperation extended to the study. October, 2004 Etsuo KITAHARA, Vice President Japan International Cooperation Agency LETTER OF TRANSMITANCE October, 2004 Mrs. -
Final Scoping Study Report Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease in Nicaragua
Final Scoping Study Report Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease in Nicaragua Prepared for the CAO-Convened Dialogue Process on Chronic Renal Insufficiency Independent Report Prepared by Boston University School of Public Health Principal Investigator: Professor Daniel Brooks, DSc December 2009 Office of the Compliance Advisor/Ombudsman International Finance Corporation/ Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency www.cao-ombudsman.org Table of Contents Acronyms Used in Report…………………………………………………………….. 4 Executive Summary …………………………………………………………………… 6 I. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………... 30 II. CKD in Nicaragua: State of Knowledge………………………………………….. 34 A. CKD as a global health problem………………………………………….. 34 1. Characteristics of renal disease in Nicaragua …………………… 40 B. Data on CKD in Nicaragua………………………………………………… 41 1. Mortality Statistics…………………………………………………… 42 2. Prevalence of CKD………………………………………………….. 44 3. Interpretation of the data on CKD in Nicaragua………………….. 51 4. Summary of prior research on CKD in Nicaragua……………….. 58 III. Potential Causes of CKD in Nicaragua…………………………………………… 84 A. Introduction…………………………………………………………………… 84 B. Specific Hypotheses…………………………………………………………. 86 1. Agrichemicals…………………………………………………………. 86 2. Volume Depletion…………………………………………………….. 89 3. Muscle Damage………………………………………………………. 90 4. Systemic Infections………………………………………………….. 92 5. Heavy metals: Lead………………………………………………… 94 6. Heavy metals: Cadmium……………………………………………. 97 7. Heavy metals: Uranium……………………………………………… 98 8. Aristolochic Acid……………………………………………………… 100 -
Initial Report Submitted by Nicaragua Under Article 35 of the Convention, Due in 2009*, **
United Nations CRPD/C/NIC/1 Convention on the Rights Distr.: General 20 July 2020 of Persons with Disabilities English Original: Spanish English, Russian and Spanish only Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Initial report submitted by Nicaragua under article 35 of the Convention, due in 2009*, ** [Date received: 8 May 2019] * The present document is being issued without formal editing. ** The annexes may be consulted in the files of the Committee secretariat. GE.20-09725 (E) 231020 261020 CRPD/C/NIC/1 I. Introduction 1. Nicaragua has a land area of 130,373.5 square kilometres (km2),1 which has now been extended by 90,000 km2 of the Caribbean Sea, an area it obtained the rights to through the International Court of Justice. Serving a population of 5,954,900 inhabitants, 2 the Government of Reconciliation and National Unity takes seriously its commitment to provide comprehensive support to persons with disabilities through social, economic and political programmes. Persons with disabilities themselves drive progress in the attainment of their rights through the direct participation of their representatives in federations and associations. 2. The State and Government have led a determined fight to restore the rights of the Nicaraguan population through State institutions, trade organizations and social movements, thus fully re-establishing lost rights that were denied for 16 years by the neoliberal leaders who reversed the progress that had been achieved during the first phase of the Sandinista Popular Revolution in the 1980s. 3. The 2012–2016 National Human Development Plan sets out lines of action for building an egalitarian, fair and compassionate society that is committed to the fundamental values of Nicaraguans from all of the country’s communities, and especially from historically excluded groups, such as persons with disabilities, that are now being prioritized and actively integrated. -
EPIDEMIC of CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE of UNKNOWN CAUSES in NICARAGUA: Epidemiology, Causal Hypotheses, and Public Health Interventions
EPIDEMIC OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE OF UNKNOWN CAUSES IN NICARAGUA: epidemiology, causal hypotheses, and public health interventions Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Facultad de Medicina Dep. Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública TESIS DOCTORAL Mención Internacional ORIANA RAMÍREZ RUBIO MADRID, AGOSTO 2013 Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Facultad de Medicina Dep. Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública EPIDEMIC OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE OF UNKNOWN CAUSES IN NICARAGUA: epidemiology, causal hypotheses, and public health interventions TESIS DOCTORAL Mención Internacional ORIANA RAMÍREZ RUBIO (MD, MPH) MADRID, AGOSTO 2013 DIRECTORES DE TESIS: DANIEL R. BROOKS, DSc. Boston University School of Public Health ANGEL OTERO PUIME, MD, PhD. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 2 You must be the change you wish to see in the world. -Mahatma Gandhi 3 INDEX AGRADECIMIENTOS/ACKNOWLEDGMENTS PROLOGUE: of how my involvement in this research began SUMMARY/RESUMEN CHAPTER I: GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1.1 Chronic Kidney disease (CKD): a global public health problem 1.2 Clusters of CKD around the globe 1.3 A new cluster epidemic: Mesoamerican Nephropathy (MeN) or CKD of unknown causes (CKDu) in the Central American region 1.4 Investigating MeN/CKDu in Nicaragua CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 2.1 Socio-ecological models of health 2.2 Eco-health, a new comprehensive model 2.3 Epidemic of CKD in Nicaragua with an Eco-Health perspective CHAPTER III: RESEARCH HYPOTHESES AND OBJECTIVES 3.1 Research Plan 3.2 Objectives CHAPTER IV: EPIDEMIOLOGY, RISK FACTORS, AND CAUSAL HYPOTHESES -
Infected Areas As at 26 November 1992 Zones Infectées on 26 Novembre 1992 for Criteria Used in Compiling This List, See Ko 25, P
WEEKLY EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RECORD, N o .tt,2 7 l«W E ttB IIM W 2 . KELEVE EPWEMMIOGIQUE HEBDOMADAIRE, H* 4S, 27 NOVEMBRE1992 a wound on the forehead, witnesses did not observe any les témoins n'ayant pas observé de morsures ou léchage, aucun trai bites or licking and no antirabies treatment was given, tement antirabique riavait été pratiqué. L'enquête épidémiologique, A posteriori epidemiological investigation revealed, that the. a posteriori, a révélé que le chien en cause était mort (ou avait été dog in question died (or was killed by the family) soon . rué par la famille) peu après cet épisode. Ce chien a pu également thereafter. This dog may also have been the cause of the . être à l'origine de la mort d'un autre enfant décédé fin avril avec des death of another child at the end of April with symptoms symptômes compatibles avec le diagnostic de rage. compatible with a diagnosis of rabies. Comments Commentaires No cases of human rabies had been observed in France since Depuis la réintroduction de la rage vulpine en 1968, aucun cas de vulpine rabies was reintroduced in 1968. It thus appears rage humaine n'a été observé en France. La prophylaxie de la rage that preventive treatment of human rabies is being satis humaine s’effectue donc de manière satisfaisante du point de vue factorily carried out. thérapeutique. In 1991, 5 005 of the 9 661 treatments (61%) were, En 1991, 5 005 traitements sur 9 661 (61%) ont été débutés initiated because of suspicions of infection from domestic -pour des suspicions de-contamination par des carnivores domes carnivores which could not be put under veterinary obser tiques qui n'ont pas pu faire l'objet d'un examen vétérinaire, et vation, and 361 treatments were initiated because of sus -361 traitements ont été débutés pour des suspicions de contami picion of infection from rodents, in spite of the fact that nation par des rongeurs alors que ces animaux ne sont pas impliqués rodents are not implicated in the rabies cycle in France. -
IAF2 NC 227.Pdf
1 - 1 9 - 9 6 “PROGRAMA DE DESARROLLO LOCAL SOSTENIBLE DE LA MICRO,, PEQUENA Y MEDIANA EMPRESA EN EL MUNICIPIO DE LEON,, NICARAGUA” Project NC – 227 LEON 2000 Micro-credit Impact Evaluation Ana Beatriz Urbano Andari Pedro Roberto Jacobi Marcelo Cortes Neri Project Coordinator: Marcelo Neri Centro de Políticas Sociais/IBRE/FGV Rio de Janeiro, October 2007. 2 Micro-credit Impact Evaluation: Project NC – 227 LEON 2000 I. Executive Summary - Micro-credit: Lessons Learned History of the project Financial Environment Role of the grants Credit History and Profile of Borrowers Reaching the poorest Role of technical assistance Institutional features II. Overview of the Project III. Micro-credit Impact Evaluation Are IAF-supported credit funds reaching the poorest? If not, why? Can IAF-supported credit funds help the poorest? If so, how? What are the impacts of credit funds with technical assistance? Did the management of credit funds build a stronger institutions? What have been the winning features? What are the institutional challenges for managing a micro-credit fund portfolio? IV. Conclusions V. References VI. Acknowledgements 3 I. Executive Summary - Micro-credit: Lessons Learned History of the project Fundación León 2000 is a Non Governmental Organization that develops its activities as a microfinance institution in Leon since 1993. It is created by citizens of the city of Leon that gather with the finality of searching alternatives to support the socioeconomic and cultural development in the western part of Nicaragua. Its focus is mainly the micro- entrepreneurial activity to assist the urban sector. It has concentrated mainly in rendering services to the urban micro-entrepreneurial sector in the areas where it operates, reaching part of the peri-urban and practically it does not operate with micro-credit for farming activities. -
Monitoring and Evaluation Plan Nicaragua
Monitoring and Evaluation Plan Nicaragua (3/23/2010) Monitoring and Evaluation Plan: Nicaragua Program The M&E Plan contains the following sections: 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 3 2. Summary of Program and Project Activities ................................................................................... 3 3. Program Impact .............................................................................................................................. 4 (a) Economic Impact ............................................................................................................................ 4 (b) Program Logic ................................................................................................................................ 5 (c) Beneficiaries ................................................................................................................................... 6 (d) Assumptions and Risks .................................................................................................................. 7 4. Monitoring Component ................................................................................................................... 8 (a) Monitoring Indicators ...................................................................................................................... 9 (b) Baselines and Targets ................................................................................................................. -
Formulation of Linkages in Rural Regions for Purposes of Regional Development Research
NU ..%o 1,2 - FORMULATION OF LINKAGES IN RURAL REGIONS FOR PURPOSES OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH AID Project No. 931-1157 Contract No. AID/ta-C-1427 MICHAEL J. APPLEGATE AND DANIEL D. BADGER DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY STILLWATER, OKLAHOMA 74074 IN COOPERATION WITH DIRECCION DE PLANIFICACION DEL SECTOR AGROPECUARIO MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE GOVERNMENT OF NICARAGUA AE No. 7917, March 1979 FORMULATION OF' LINKAGES IN RURAL REGIONS FOR PURPOSES OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH AID CONTRACT NO. AID/ta-C-1427 AID PROJECT NO. 931-1157 ECONOMICS AND SECTOR PLANNING DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT BUREAU/AGRICULTURE U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT MICHAEL J. APPLEGATE DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS AND DANIEL D. BADGER DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY STILLWATER, OKLAHOMA 74074 405 - 624-5116/6157 IN COOPERATION WITH DIRECCION DE PLANIFICACION DEL SECTOR AGROPECUARIO (DIPSA) OF THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE GOVERNMENT OF NICARAGUA AE No. 7917 March 14, 1979 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors appreciate the cooperation and assistance of the following individuals: Dr. Richard Suitor, Economics and Sector Planning, Development Support Bureau, Agriculture, AID/Washington, Project Manager on this project. Dick helped in coordinating trips to Nicaragua and other countries involved in this evaluation study; Dr. William Merrill, former Head of ESP, DSB/Agriculture, AID/ Washington for his perseverance in helping initiate this project after count- less delays; Sra. Beatriz Glover, our Research Associate in Nicaragua; her persist- ence in seeking secondary data, making personal contacts with various Government agencies, and coordinating the field interviewing contributed significantly to the success of this project; Mr. Richard Hughes, former Rural Development Officer, USAID/Nicaragua for his guidance and logistical support of the field work; Mr. -
Electoral Observation
Electoral Observation Nicaragua 1996 Secretary General César Gaviria Assistant Secretary General Christopher R. Thomas Executive Coordinator, Unit for the Promotion of Democracy Elizabeth M. Spehar This publication is part of a series of publications of the General Secretariat of the Organization of American States (OAS). Opinions and statements expressed are not necessarily those of the OAS or its member states, and are entirely the responsibility of the parties expressing them. Electoral Observation Nicaragua 1996 Unit for the Promotion of Democracy This report was produced under the technical supervision of Dr. Oscar Alfredo Santamaría, General Coordinator of the Electoral Observation Mission to Nicaragua. Design and composition of this publication was done by the Information and Dialogue Section of the UPD, headed by Mr. John Murray. Betty Robinson and Judith Horvath-Rouco helped with the editorial review of this report, Jamel Espinoza and Gabriela Hageman with its production. Copyright @ 1997. All rights reserved. Reproduction of this material is authorized; please credit it as “a publication of the General Secretariat of the Organization of American States”. Table of contents Preface........................................................................................................................................... ix Executive summary.................................................................................................................... xiii PART I The Electoral Observation Mission..............................................................................................1